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<li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Martial_races_theory_and_disbandment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Martial_races_theory_and_disbandment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Martial races theory and disbandment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Martial_races_theory_and_disbandment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Raising_of_the_Mahar_Regiment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Raising_of_the_Mahar_Regiment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Raising of the Mahar Regiment</span> </div> </a> <ul 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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Mahar Regiment</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mahar_Regiment_Insignia_(India).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mahar_Regiment_Insignia_%28India%29.svg/220px-Mahar_Regiment_Insignia_%28India%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mahar_Regiment_Insignia_%28India%29.svg/330px-Mahar_Regiment_Insignia_%28India%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Mahar_Regiment_Insignia_%28India%29.svg/440px-Mahar_Regiment_Insignia_%28India%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="540" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Mahar Regiment Insignia</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1815 – present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Indian Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Line Infantry</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">22 battalions</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Regimental Centre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sagar,_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Sagar, Madhya Pradesh">Sagar, Madhya Pradesh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Yash Sidhi</i><br /><i>Success & Attainment</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">War cry</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Bolo Hindustan Ki Jay</i><br /><i>Say Victory to India</i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Decorations</th><td class="infobox-data">1 Param Vir Chakra, <p>4 Maha Vir Chakra, 32 Vir Chakra, 1 Ashok Chakra, 4 Kirti Chakra, 39 Shaurya Chakra, 1 Padam Shri, 9 PVSM, 3 UYSM, 16 AVSM, 4 Yudh Seva Medals, 49 Vishisht Seva Medals and 221 Sena Medals, 107 M-in-D, </p> 2 Jeevan Raksha Padak.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Current<br />commander</th><td class="infobox-data">Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Bansi_Ponnappa" title="Bansi Ponnappa">Channira Bansi Ponnappa</a>, AVSM, VSM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a> <a href="/wiki/K._V._Krishna_Rao" title="K. V. Krishna Rao">K. V. Krishna Rao</a>, <a href="/wiki/PVSM" class="mw-redirect" title="PVSM">PVSM</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Krishnaswamy_Sundarji" title="Krishnaswamy Sundarji">Krishnaswamy Sundarji</a>, <a href="/wiki/PVSM" class="mw-redirect" title="PVSM">PVSM</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Regimental Insignia</th><td class="infobox-data">A pair of crossed Vickers medium machine guns, mounted on a tripod with a dagger. The dagger was initially the Pillar of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Koregaon" title="Battle of Koregaon">Koregaon</a>, where the combined British and Mahar troops defeated the overwhelming Maratha Army. The pillar was subsequently removed and was replaced with a dagger.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Mahar Regiment</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> regiment of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Indian Army</a>. Although it was originally intended to be a regiment consisting of troops from the <a href="/wiki/Mahar" title="Mahar">Mahar</a> community of <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, today the Mahar Regiment is composed of different communities from mainly states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview">Overview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Mahars" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahars">Mahars</a> are considered original inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>. The community, also known as Kathiwale (men with sticks), Bumiputera (sons of the soil), and Mirasi (landlords), by tradition has the role of defending village boundaries from outsiders, invading tribes, criminals, and thieves. They were also responsible for maintaining law and order throughout the villages as administrators. The Mahars have a long and proud tradition of bearing arms.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Mahar served in various armies over several centuries. Under Islamic rule, Mahars served as soldiers in various armies of the <a href="/wiki/Deccan_Sultanates" class="mw-redirect" title="Deccan Sultanates">Deccan Sultanates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahmani_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahmani Sultanate">Bahmani Sultanate</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Maratha" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha">Maratha</a> king <a href="/wiki/Shivaji_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Shivaji Maharaj">Shivaji Maharaj</a> recruited a number of them into his army in the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-White_1994_39–60_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White_1994_39–60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They served as guards in hill forts and as soldiers.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mahar along with the Koli and Marathas defended the fort of Purandar from Dilirkhan's Moghul army in 1665.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later during Peshwa rule Shidnak mahar saved the life of his commander Parshurambhau Patwardhan during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kharda" title="Battle of Kharda">Battle of Kharda</a> in 1795.<sup id="cite_ref-Kshīrasāgara1994_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kshīrasāgara1994-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the colonial period, large numbers of Mahars were recruited for military duties by the <a href="/wiki/British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">East India Company</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Koregaon" title="Battle of Koregaon">Battle of Koregaon</a> (1 January 1818) is commemorated by an obelisk known as the Koregaon pillar—which was erected at the site of the battle—and by a medal issued in 1851. The pillar featured on the Mahar Regiment crest until the <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of India">Independence of India</a>; it is inscribed with the names of 22 Mahars killed at the battle. The victory pillar serves as focal point of Mahar heroism.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bhima_Koregaon_Victory_Pillar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Bhima_Koregaon_Victory_Pillar.jpg/220px-Bhima_Koregaon_Victory_Pillar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Bhima_Koregaon_Victory_Pillar.jpg/330px-Bhima_Koregaon_Victory_Pillar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Bhima_Koregaon_Victory_Pillar.jpg/440px-Bhima_Koregaon_Victory_Pillar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Bhima Koregaon Victory Pillar</figcaption></figure> <p>The Mahar began their service to the East India company around 1750. Between 20 and 25 per cent of the British <a href="/wiki/Bombay_Army" title="Bombay Army">Bombay Army</a> were Mahars. Their conduct as soldiers was praised by many <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a> officers. Mahars were a vital component of the <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a> Marine Battalion. In the East India Company Army they participated in various wars including <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Second Anglo-Maratha War">Second Anglo-Maratha War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Maratha_War" title="Third Anglo-Maratha War">Third Anglo-Maratha War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Sikh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Anglo-Sikh War">Second Anglo-Sikh War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Afghan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Afghan War">Second Afghan War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-White_1994_39–60_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White_1994_39–60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the 1857 mutiny, the British decided to change their military recruitment policy. One report "emphasized that we cannot practically ignore it (the caste system), so long as the natives socially maintain it". This led to the discrimination against the Mahars, other low-caste and some unreliable <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a> castes.<sup id="cite_ref-White_1994_39–60_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White_1994_39–60-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Martial_races_theory_and_disbandment">Martial races theory and disbandment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Martial races theory and disbandment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mahar_Regiment" title="Special:EditPage/Mahar Regiment">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>After the Revolt of 1857, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> officers of the Indian Army, particularly those who had served in the <a href="/wiki/First_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="First Anglo-Afghan War">First</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Anglo-Afghan_War" title="Second Anglo-Afghan War">Second Afghan Wars</a>, began to give currency to the <a href="/wiki/Martial_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial Race">Martial Races</a> Theory. This theory was that some races and communities among Indians were naturally warlike, and more suited to warfare than others. A major proponent of this theory was <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Sleigh_Roberts,_1st_Earl_Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Sleigh Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts">Lord Roberts</a>, who became <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief,_India" title="Commander-in-Chief, India">Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army</a> in the November 1885. There was a gradual "Punjabisation" of the Indian Army to the detriment of the other communities. The final blow for the Mahar <a href="/wiki/Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Troops">troops</a> came in 1892, when it was decided to institute "class regiments" in the Indian Army. The Mahars were not included in these class regiments, and it was notified that the Mahars, among with some other classes, were no longer to be recruited in the Indian army. The Mahar troops, who included 104 <a href="/wiki/Viceroy%27s_Commissioned_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Viceroy's Commissioned Officer">Viceroy's Commissioned Officers</a> and a host of <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-commissioned officers">Non-commissioned officers</a> and Sepoys were demobilised. This event was regarded by the Mahars as a betrayal of their loyalty by a <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> they had served for over a hundred years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Raising_of_the_Mahar_Regiment">Raising of the Mahar Regiment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Raising of the Mahar Regiment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the demobilisation of the Mahar troops, there were many attempts by the leaders of the Mahar community to persuade the Government to let them serve in the Army once again. Petitions to this effect were drafted by ex-soldiers such as <a href="/wiki/Gopal_Baba_Walangkar" title="Gopal Baba Walangkar">Gopal Baba Walangkar</a> in 1894, and Shivram Janba Kamble in 1904.<sup id="cite_ref-Basham_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Basham-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These petitions were supported in principle by the politician and social reformer <a href="/wiki/Gopal_Krishna_Gokhale" title="Gopal Krishna Gokhale">Gopal Krishna Gokhale</a>, who was opposed to the Martial Races theory. They were also supported by the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a>, who were also opposed to the recruiting policies of the Army. The recruitment policies of the British Indian Army continued until the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> in 1914. The shortage of men forced the Government to begin more broad-based recruiting, and the Mahars were at last allowed to enlist in the Army. One battalion of Mahar troops, the <a href="/wiki/111th_Mahars" title="111th Mahars">111th Mahars</a> was raised in the June 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-2008Basham_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008Basham-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the battalion did not see much service during the War, and in 1920 it was merged with the <a href="/wiki/71st_Punjabis" title="71st Punjabis">71st Punjabis</a>. Finally, the battalion was disbanded in March 1921, and the Mahars were once again demobilised. </p><p>World War II forced the British to broaden their recruitment and the Mahar Regiment was raised in 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-2008Basham_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2008Basham-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that year B. R. Ambedkar was appointed to the Defence Advisory Committee of the Viceroy's Executive Council.He also appealed to the Mahars to join the Army in large numbers. In October, the Army gave in, and the 1st battalion of the Mahar Regiment was raised in <a href="/wiki/Belgaum" title="Belgaum">Belgaum</a> under Lt. Col. H.J.R. Jackson of the <a href="/wiki/13th_Frontier_Force_Rifles" title="13th Frontier Force Rifles">13th Frontier Force Rifles</a> and Sub. Maj. Sheikh Hassnuddin. The 2nd battalion was raised in <a href="/wiki/Kamptee" title="Kamptee">Kamptee</a> in June 1942 under Lt. Col. J.W.K. Kirwan and Sub. Maj. Bholaji Ranjane. A cap badge was designed for the regiment by Capt. E.E.L. Mortlemans, an officer of the 2nd battalion. The badge featured the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Koregaon" title="Battle of Koregaon">Koregaon Pillar</a> over the word "Mahar". The third battalion, the 25th Mahars, was raised in <a href="/wiki/Belgaum" title="Belgaum">Belgaum</a> in the August 1942 by Lt. Col V. Chambier and Sub. Maj. Sardar Bahadur Ladkojirao Bhonsale, and the 3rd Mahars were raised in <a href="/wiki/Nowshera,_Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Nowshera, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa">Nowshera</a> by Lt. Col. R.N.D. Frier and Sub. Maj. Bholaji Ranjane. During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the 1st and 3rd Mahars served in the <a href="/wiki/North-West_Frontier_Province_(1901%E2%80%931955)" class="mw-redirect" title="North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)">North-West Frontier Province</a>, while the 2nd and 25th were employed on internal security duties within the country. The 2nd battalion also saw service in the <a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign">Burma Campaign</a> as a part of the <a href="/wiki/23rd_Indian_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="23rd Indian Division">23rd Indian Division</a>, where they suffered 5 casualties and had one officer <a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_dispatches" title="Mentioned in dispatches">mentioned in dispatches</a>. They also served in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> after the war as a part of PAIFORCE. </p><p>In 1946, the 25th Mahars were disbanded, along with many other garrison battalions of the Indian Army. Its officers and men were largely absorbed by the other three battalions of the regiment. In the October 1946, the regiment was converted into a <a href="/wiki/Machine_gun" title="Machine gun">machine gun</a> regiment, and the regimental centre was established at Kamptee. Following the conversion, the cap badge was changed. The new badge had two crossed <a href="/wiki/Vickers_machine_gun" title="Vickers machine gun">Vickers machine guns</a> over the Koregaon Pillar, over a scroll that said "The Mahar MG Regiment". The three surviving battalions of the regiment served as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Boundary_Force" title="Punjab Boundary Force">Punjab Boundary Force</a>, and took part in escorting refugees during the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stamp_of_India_-_1981_-_Colnect_526856_-_40th_Anniv_Mahar_Regiment_-_Regimental_Colours.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Stamp_of_India_-_1981_-_Colnect_526856_-_40th_Anniv_Mahar_Regiment_-_Regimental_Colours.jpeg" decoding="async" width="253" height="336" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption>1981 postal stamp on the 40th anniversary of the presentation of the Regimental Colours</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Border_Scouts">Border Scouts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Border Scouts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mahar_Regiment" title="Special:EditPage/Mahar Regiment">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Border Scouts were an irregular force formed by the people of the border villages in <a href="/wiki/East_Punjab" title="East Punjab">East Punjab</a> during Partition. Hailing as they did from the erstwhile greater state of East Punjab (which included the present states of <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a>), the force had people hailing from a greater mix of ethnic, religious and caste backgrounds than was the norm in the Indian Army. They did some useful work defending villages from attacks during partition, and as a reward, were given a more permanent character as the East Punjab Frontier Scouts in 1948. They served along the border with Pakistan as border guards, and were regarded as a useful adjunct of the Punjab Armed Police. The unit was redesignated the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the Border Scouts in 1951, with recruitment from different North Indian communities. In 1956, the decision to convert this force into Machine-Gun Regiments was taken, and the three battalions were merged with the Mahar Regiment, the only Indian Machine Gun Regiment in existence at the time. They joined the Regiment as the 4th, 5th and 6th Battalions of the Mahar Regiment, and it is to these units that the Regiment traces its mixed-class composition. The three Battalions style themselves battalions of the Mahar Regiment (Borders) even today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation_Pawan">Operation Pawan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Operation Pawan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Major_R_Parameshwaran.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Major_R_Parameshwaran.jpg/272px-Major_R_Parameshwaran.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Major_R_Parameshwaran.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="315" /></a><figcaption>Major R Parameshwaran, PVC</figcaption></figure> <p>Late on 25 November 1987, when a column of the Mahar Regiment under Major <a href="/wiki/Ramaswamy_Parameswaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramaswamy Parameswaran">Ramaswamy Parameswaran</a> (8 Mahar) was returning from a search operation in Sri Lanka, it was ambushed by a group of militants armed with five rifles. In response, Parameswaran encircled the militants from the rear and charged into them, taking them completely surprise. In the ensuing hand-to-hand combat, a militant shot Parameswaran in the chest. Undaunted, he snatched the rifle from the militant and shot him dead. Gravely wounded, he continued to give orders and inspired his command until he died. Five militants were killed and three rifles and two rocket launchers were recovered and the ambush was cleared. Parameswaran was posthumously awarded the <a href="/wiki/Param_Vir_Chakra" title="Param Vir Chakra">Param Vir Chakra</a>, India's highest military decoration, for his bravery.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mahar_passing_out_parade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mahar_passing_out_parade.jpg/246px-Mahar_passing_out_parade.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mahar_passing_out_parade.jpg/369px-Mahar_passing_out_parade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mahar_passing_out_parade.jpg/491px-Mahar_passing_out_parade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="916" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>Mahar Regiment passing out parade, September 2021</figcaption></figure> <p>Battalions:<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1st Battalion</li> <li>2nd Battalion</li> <li>3rd Battalion</li> <li>4th Battalion (Borders)</li> <li>5th Battalion (Borders)</li> <li>6th Battalion (Borders)</li> <li>7th Battalion</li> <li>8th Battalion (<a href="/wiki/Param_Vir_Chakra" title="Param Vir Chakra">Param Vir Chakra</a>)</li> <li>9th Battalion</li> <li>10th Battalion</li> <li>11th Battalion</li> <li>12th Battalion</li> <li>13th Battalion</li> <li>14th Battalion (formerly 31st Mahar) & (UN <a href="/wiki/Military_operation" title="Military operation">Mission</a> 2017 to 2018)</li> <li>15th Battalion (formerly 32nd Mahar)</li> <li>17th Battalion</li> <li>18th Battalion</li> <li>19th Battalion</li> <li>20th Battalion</li> <li>21st Battalion</li> <li>22nd Battalion</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_battalions">Former battalions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Former battalions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>25th Battalion (disbanded 1946).</li> <li>16th Battalion (formerly 8th Parachute Regiment) (converted to 12th Mechanised Infantry in 1981)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allied_units">Allied units</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Allied units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Army_(India)" title="Territorial Army (India)">Territorial Army</a> (TA)</b> </p> <ul><li>108th Infantry Battalion, Territorial Army (Sagar, Madhya Pradesh)</li> <li>115th Infantry Battalion, Territorial Army (Belgaum, Karnataka)</li> <li>136th Infantry Battalion, Territorial Army (Ecological) (Aurangabad, Maharashtra)</li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Rifles" title="Rashtriya Rifles">Rashtriya Rifles</a> (RR)</b> </p> <ul><li>1st Battalion, Rashtriya Rifles</li> <li>30th Battalion, Rashtriya Rifles</li> <li>51st Battalion, Rashtriya Rifles</li></ul> <p><b>Special Task Force (STF)</b> </p> <ul><li>21 Special Task Force (STF)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regiments_of_the_Indian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regiments of the Indian Army">List of regiments of the Indian Army</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/IaSouthern/status/1441725222676144131">"Mahar Regiment passing out parade"</a>. 25 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mahar+Regiment+passing+out+parade&rft.date=2021-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FIaSouthern%2Fstatus%2F1441725222676144131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMahar+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/units/114-Mahar-Regt.html">"Mahar Regiment War Cry"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mahar+Regiment+War+Cry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bharat-rakshak.com%2FARMY%2Funits%2F114-Mahar-Regt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMahar+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Units/Infantry/114-Mahar-Regt.html">Bharat Rakshak :: Land Forces Site – The Mahar Regiment</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121011161008/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Units/Infantry/114-Mahar-Regt.html">Archived</a> 2012-10-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendelsohnVicziany1998" class="citation book cs1">Mendelsohn, Oliver; <a href="/wiki/Marika_Vicziany" title="Marika Vicziany">Vicziany, Marika</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FGbp9MjhvKAC&pg=PR10"><i>The untouchables: subordination, poverty and the state in modern India</i></a>. 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(2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KZNfS7mikMoC&pg=PA1"><i>The other Gujarat</i></a>. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8171548741" title="Special:BookSources/8171548741"><bdi>8171548741</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+other+Gujarat&rft.place=Mumbai&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Popular+Prakashan&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=8171548741&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKZNfS7mikMoC%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMahar+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kantak, M. R. "The Political Role of Different Hindu Castes and Communities in Maharashtra in the Foundation of Shivaji's Swarajya", <i>Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute</i>, vol. 38, no. 1/4, 1978, pp. 40–56. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/42931051. Accessed 28 January 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kshīrasāgara1994-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kshīrasāgara1994_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRāmacandra_Kshīrasāgara1994" class="citation book cs1">Rāmacandra Kshīrasāgara (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wx218EFVU8MC&pg=PP11"><i>Dalit Movement in India and Its Leaders, 1857-1956</i></a>. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-85880-43-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-85880-43-3"><bdi>978-81-85880-43-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dalit+Movement+in+India+and+Its+Leaders%2C+1857-1956&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=M.D.+Publications+Pvt.+Ltd.&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-81-85880-43-3&rft.au=R%C4%81macandra+Ksh%C4%ABras%C4%81gara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWx218EFVU8MC%26pg%3DPP11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMahar+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumbhojkar2012" class="citation journal cs1">Kumbhojkar, Shraddha (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epw.in/special-articles/contesting-power-contesting-memories.html">"Contesting Power, Contesting Memories – The History of the Koregaon Memorial"</a>. <i>The Economic and Political Weekly</i>. EPW<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+and+Political+Weekly&rft.atitle=Contesting+Power%2C+Contesting+Memories+%E2%80%93+The+History+of+the+Koregaon+Memorial&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Kumbhojkar&rft.aufirst=Shraddha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.epw.in%2Fspecial-articles%2Fcontesting-power-contesting-memories.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMahar+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Basham-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Basham_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArdythe_Basham2008" class="citation book cs1">Ardythe Basham (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vNrwIinNdH0C&pg=PA5"><i>Untouchable Soldiers: The Maharas and the Mazhbis</i></a>. Gautam Book Center. pp. 33–38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-87733-43-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-87733-43-0"><bdi>978-81-87733-43-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Untouchable+Soldiers%3A+The+Maharas+and+the+Mazhbis&rft.pages=33-38&rft.pub=Gautam+Book+Center&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-81-87733-43-0&rft.au=Ardythe+Basham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvNrwIinNdH0C%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMahar+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2008Basham-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2008Basham_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2008Basham_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArdythe_Basham2008" class="citation book cs1">Ardythe Basham (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vNrwIinNdH0C&pg=PA5"><i>Untouchable Soldiers: The Maharas and the Mazhbis</i></a>. Gautam Book Center. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-87733-43-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-87733-43-0"><bdi>978-81-87733-43-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Untouchable+Soldiers%3A+The+Maharas+and+the+Mazhbis&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Gautam+Book+Center&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-81-87733-43-0&rft.au=Ardythe+Basham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvNrwIinNdH0C%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMahar+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahar_Regiment&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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