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href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%AD" title="غار الملح – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غار الملح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghar_El_Melh" title="Ghar El Melh – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ghar El Melh" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gh%C4%81r_al_Mil%E1%B8%A9_(lungsod)" title="Ghār al Milḩ (lungsod) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ghār al Milḩ (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghar_el-Melh" title="Ghar el-Melh – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ghar el-Melh" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%AD" title="غار الملح – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="غار الملح" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghar_El_Melh" title="Ghar El Melh – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ghar El Melh" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghar_el-Melh" title="Ghar el-Melh – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ghar el-Melh" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghar_El_Melh" title="Ghar El Melh – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ghar El Melh" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghar_el-Melh" title="Ghar el-Melh – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ghar el-Melh" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gar%C3%BC%27l-Mileh" title="Garü'l-Mileh – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Garü'l-Mileh" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80-%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%85" title="Гар-ель-Мільх – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гар-ель-Мільх" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2618068#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ghar_el-Melh&params=37_10_0_N_10_11_0_E_type:city_region:TN"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°10′0″N</span> <span class="longitude">10°11′0″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.16667°N 10.18333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.16667; 10.18333</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_El_Melh&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghar El Melh">Ghar El Melh</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Bizerte Governorate, Tunisia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow 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.ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Ghar el-Melh</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VieuxPortEtArsenal.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/VieuxPortEtArsenal.JPG/300px-VieuxPortEtArsenal.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/VieuxPortEtArsenal.JPG/450px-VieuxPortEtArsenal.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/VieuxPortEtArsenal.JPG/600px-VieuxPortEtArsenal.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tunisia_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ghar el-Melh is located in Tunisia"><img alt="Ghar el-Melh is located in Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Tunisia_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Tunisia_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="491" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Tunisia_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Tunisia_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Tunisia_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Tunisia_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="743" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:6.926%;left:63.475%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ghar el-Melh"><img alt="Ghar el-Melh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Ghar el-Melh</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Tunisia</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ghar_el-Melh&params=37_10_0_N_10_11_0_E_type:city_region:TN"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°10′0″N</span> <span class="longitude">10°11′0″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.16667°N 10.18333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.16667; 10.18333</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tunisia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/38px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Governorates_of_Tunisia" title="Governorates of Tunisia">Governorate</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bizerte_Governorate" title="Bizerte Governorate">Bizerte Governorate</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2014)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">10,530</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> </th><td class="infobox-data"><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (November 2018)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Ghar_el-Melh#Dubious" title="Talk:Ghar el-Melh">discuss</a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cap_farina_1939.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Cap_farina_1939.jpg/220px-Cap_farina_1939.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Cap_farina_1939.jpg/330px-Cap_farina_1939.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Cap_farina_1939.jpg/440px-Cap_farina_1939.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2200" /></a><figcaption>A nautical chart of the Cape Farina anchorage in 1939</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jjderafelisdebroves.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Jjderafelisdebroves.jpg/220px-Jjderafelisdebroves.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Jjderafelisdebroves.jpg/330px-Jjderafelisdebroves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Jjderafelisdebroves.jpg/440px-Jjderafelisdebroves.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="486" /></a><figcaption>Captain <a href="/wiki/Jean-Joseph_de_Raf%C3%A9lis_de_Broves" title="Jean-Joseph de Rafélis de Broves">Rafélis de Broves</a>, one of the Europeans who led naval bombardments against Ghar el-Melh in retaliation against its support of <a href="/wiki/Barbary_pirates" title="Barbary pirates">piracy</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ghar el-Melh</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">غارالملح</span>, <i>Ghar al-Milh</i>, "Salt <a href="/wiki/Grotto" title="Grotto">Grotto</a>"), the <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">classical</a> <b>Rusucmona</b> and <b>Castra<span class="nowrap"> </span>Delia</b> and <a href="/wiki/French_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="French Tunisia">colonial</a> <span class="nowrap"><b>Porto Farina</b>,</span> is a town and former port on the southern side of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Farina" title="Cape Farina">Cape Farina</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bizerte_Governorate" title="Bizerte Governorate">Bizerte Governorate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Phoenician_colony">Phoenician colony</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Phoenician colony"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia">Phoenician</a> settlement, which was called 𐤓𐤔𐤀𐤔𐤌𐤍 (meaning "the <a href="/wiki/Cape_(geography)" title="Cape (geography)">Cape</a> of <a href="/wiki/Eshmun" title="Eshmun">Eshmun</a>"),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at Ghar el-Melh, a little inland from the present site,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> began around the same time as <a href="/wiki/Utica,_Tunisia" title="Utica, Tunisia">Utica</a> and its dating presents the same problems. Several <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">classical</a> authors place northern Tunisia's <a href="/wiki/Phoenician_colonies" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenician colonies">colonization</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1100</span><span class="nowrap"> </span>BC but modern archaeology has only found evidence suggestive of a date closer to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 800</span><span class="nowrap"> </span>BC. In either case, the settlement at Ghar el-Melh came to serve as Utica's chief port as the <a href="/wiki/Medjerda_River" title="Medjerda River">Medjerda</a> changed course and began silting up Utica's harbor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore1949[httpsarchiveorgdetailsL381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830pagen587_"Utica_and_Carthage"]_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore1949[httpsarchiveorgdetailsL381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830pagen587_"Utica_and_Carthage"]-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its <a href="/wiki/Punic_language" title="Punic language">Punic</a> name Rus Eshmun meant "Cape <a href="/wiki/Eshmun" title="Eshmun">Eshmun</a>", after the Punic name for Cape Farina.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Scipio_Africanus" title="Scipio Africanus">Scipio Africanus</a> landed nearby, took the town, and pillaged the surrounding countryside in 204<span class="nowrap"> </span>BC ahead of <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Utica_(204_BC)" title="Siege of Utica (204 BC)">his siege of Utica</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Punic_War" title="Second Punic War">Second Punic War</a>. A naval battle ending in Roman victory was fought off the town's coast the next year, ahead of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zama" title="Battle of Zama">Zama</a> and the end of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-livy_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-livy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_city">Roman city</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Roman city"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The port fell under <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman rule</a> along with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Carthaginian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthaginian Empire">Carthaginian Empire</a> during the course of the <a href="/wiki/Punic_Wars" title="Punic Wars">Punic Wars</a>. It sometimes preserved its former name, <a href="/wiki/Latinization_of_names" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinization of names">Latinized</a> as Rusucmona,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-livy_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-livy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but also came to be known as <span class="nowrap">Castra Lalia</span><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Delia,<sup id="cite_ref-imperium_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imperium-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> presumably after <a href="/wiki/Scipio_Africanus" title="Scipio Africanus">Scipio</a>'s friend and lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Laelius" title="Gaius Laelius">G. Laelius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its peninsula preserved an ancient and important <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_temples" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Roman temples">temple</a> to "<a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>", probably representing a continuation of the <a href="/wiki/Carthaginian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthaginian Empire">Carthaginian</a> worship of the <a href="/wiki/Healing_god" class="mw-redirect" title="Healing god">healing god</a> <a href="/wiki/Eshmun" title="Eshmun">Eshmun</a> <a href="/wiki/Interpretatio_graeca" title="Interpretatio graeca">harmonized with the Greco-Roman pantheon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">Castra Delia</span> held <a href="/wiki/Civitas" title="Civitas">native city</a> (<i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">civitas</i></span></i>) status<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Byzacena" title="Byzacena">Byzacena</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It flourished from around 30<span class="nowrap"> </span>BC to around AD<span class="nowrap"> </span>330.<sup id="cite_ref-imperium_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imperium-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time the city was also the seat of a <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Bishopric" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishopric">bishopric</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pirate_base">Pirate base</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pirate base"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Much later, it became an important base for the <a href="/wiki/Barbary_corsairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbary corsairs">Barbary corsairs</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1535)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1535)">conquest of Tunisia</a> by <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Charles_V" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Charles V">Charles<span class="nowrap"> </span>V</a> in 1534 and 1535, Spaniards tried to remove the pirates unsuccessfully. <a href="/wiki/John_of_Austria" title="John of Austria">John of Austria</a> also visited the bay during his <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Tunis_(1573)" title="Conquest of Tunis (1573)">reconquest of Tunis</a> in October 1573, following his <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto" title="Battle of Lepanto">victory at Lepanto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italian</a> <a href="/wiki/Christian_converts_to_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian converts to Islam">convert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_corsairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman corsairs">Ottoman corsair</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dey_of_Tunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dey of Tunis">Tunisian dey</a> <a href="/wiki/Usta_Murad" title="Usta Murad">Usta Murad</a> expanded the city—then known as Porto<span class="nowrap"> </span>Farina—greatly enough to consider it a second founding.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He established fortifications to prevent the harbor's use by Christian powers and attracted <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Moriscos" title="Expulsion of the Moriscos">refugee Moriscos</a> by the provision of certain liberties at Porto Farina, <a href="/wiki/Rafraf" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafraf">Rafraf</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ras_el-Djebel" class="mw-redirect" title="Ras el-Djebel">Ras el-Djebel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this era, it rivaled the size and importance of <a href="/wiki/Bizerte" title="Bizerte">Bizerte</a>. </p><p>In early 1655, an <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England">English</a> fleet under <a href="/wiki/Robert_Blake_(admiral)" title="Robert Blake (admiral)">Robert Blake</a> <a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">blockaded</a> nine warships in Porto Farina's harbor in order to pressure the <a href="/wiki/Dey_of_Tunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dey of Tunis">dey</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_Laz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa Laz (page does not exist)">Mustafa Laz</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to free Englishmen held as <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Slavery in the Ottoman Empire">slaves</a> and to provide compensation for English ships recently seized by local pirates. The dey offered to provide a new treaty going forward but refused emancipation or compensation for people and ships already taken. Any such action, he felt, should begin with the English, one of whose captains had recently sold a company of Tunisian troops as <a href="/wiki/Galley_slaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Galley slaves">galley slaves</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Knights of Malta">Knights of Malta</a> instead of transporting them to <a href="/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna">Smyrna</a> (present-day Izmir) as arranged. When Blake maintained his blockade, the dey had his warships' rigging removed, the town's fortifications strengthened, and its garrison increased. On April 14, 1655, Blake <a href="/wiki/Action_of_14_April_1655" title="Action of 14 April 1655">finally attacked</a>. Dividing his fleet to attack the warships and the 20-<a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">gun</a> fort simultaneously, he had his men storm and burn the warships in turn before declaring victory and leaving the harbor. Because his sustained assault was able to silence the town's defenses entirely, the engagement is celebrated as the first successful naval attack on shore-based fortifications.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPlant2010_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPlant2010-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The port and its defenses were then quickly rebuilt. The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> erected <a href="/w/index.php?title=Borj_el-Loutani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borj el-Loutani (page does not exist)">Borj el-Loutani</a> as a fort in 1659;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Fort Nadur and the "Genovese fort" were also raised around the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Borj el-Loutani was later used as an <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> base and as a prison;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> the others gradually fell into disrepair. The town began to be used by British and <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Maltese</a> <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateers</a>, as well as Turkish and local corsairs. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Talak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Talak (page does not exist)">Muhammad Talak</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ali_Bey_of_Tunis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ali Bey of Tunis (page does not exist)">Ali Bey</a> were arrested and strangled in Porto Farina in 1682 as part of the chaotic struggles of the later <a href="/wiki/Muradid_dynasty" title="Muradid dynasty">Muradid dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly afterward, three ships arriving from Turkey proper infected the town with the <a href="/wiki/Bubonic_plague" title="Bubonic plague">plague</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190986_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190986-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Husain_ibn_Ali_of_Tunis" class="mw-redirect" title="Husain ibn Ali of Tunis">Husain I</a> took advantage of <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Sharif_of_Tunis" title="Ibrahim Sharif of Tunis">Ibrahim Sharif</a>'s Algerian imprisonment to usurp control of <a href="/wiki/Beylik_of_Tunis" title="Beylik of Tunis">Tunisia</a> in 1705, the Algerians released Sharif to return home. Husain, intent upon consolidating his power, had Sharif killed en route at Porto Farina. The former dey's tomb lies beside one of the town's forts.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190987_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190987-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Husain established an arsenal at Porto Farina two years later.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190987_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190987-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Locals were calling the town Ghar el-Melh (recorded by a visiting Frenchman as "<b>Gramela</b>") by 1724.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190988_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190988-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French</a> annoyance at <a href="/wiki/Barbary_pirates" title="Barbary pirates">piracy in the area</a> prompted <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a></span> to order an attack in 1770 by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Joseph_de_Raf%C3%A9lis_de_Broves" title="Jean-Joseph de Rafélis de Broves">Admiral de Broves</a>, commanding a squadron consisting of 2 warships (bearing 74 and 50 <a href="/wiki/Cannon" title="Cannon">guns</a> respectively), 2 <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a> (24 guns each), a <a href="/wiki/Barque" title="Barque">bark</a> (18 guns), 2 <a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">schooners</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Fluyt" title="Fluyt">flute</a>, and some other ships provided by <a href="/wiki/Hospitaller_Malta" title="Hospitaller Malta">Hospitaller Malta</a>. The ships fired on Porto Farina for two days.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Brove's fleet also attacked <a href="/wiki/Bizerte" title="Bizerte">Bizerte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monastir,_Tunisia" title="Monastir, Tunisia">Monastir</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Bardo_(1770)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Bardo (1770) (page does not exist)">Treaty of Bardo</a> ended hostilities on August 25.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, when <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a> took exception to <a href="/wiki/Beylik_of_Tunis" title="Beylik of Tunis">Tunisian</a>-based piracy in the early 1780s, its leaders <a href="/wiki/Venetian_bombardments_of_the_Beylik_of_Tunis_(1784%E2%80%931788)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian bombardments of the Beylik of Tunis (1784–1788)">ordered a series of bombardments</a> that included an attack by <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Emo" title="Angelo Emo">Admiral Emo</a>'s fleet on Porto Farina on September 6, 1784.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This seems, however, to have been the last time a foreign fleet bothered the port; by 1806, it was only a winter port for the bey's warships and it was necessary to take special measures each voyage to get them over the harbor's rising <a href="/wiki/Sandbar" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandbar">sandbar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The beylik's arsenal was finally removed in 1818, but fear that a similar fate might befall its navy as <a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Algiers_(1816)" title="Bombardment of Algiers (1816)">had Algeria's</a> caused the bey to hire <a href="/wiki/Dredger" class="mw-redirect" title="Dredger">dredgers</a> and workers to improve conditions; he was again able to bring his fleet into the harbor by December.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When a severe storm destroyed the beylik's fleet at anchor off <a href="/wiki/La_Goulette" title="La Goulette">La Goulette</a> on February 7–8, 1821, however, such efforts were discontinued and the sandbar off Porto Farina was allowed to continue to grow.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_town">Modern town</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern town"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1834 a large private arsenal belonging to a Maltese pirate exploded and destroyed part of the town. <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Bey" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmed Bey">Ahmed Bey</a>, the last <a href="/wiki/Bey" title="Bey">Bey</a> of <a href="/wiki/Constantine,_Algeria" title="Constantine, Algeria">Constantine</a>, decided to clamp down on piracy and attempted to turn the port over to legitimate trade.<sup id="cite_ref-marge_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marge-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1837, he began efforts to restore the town's arsenal. Although that never proved feasible, the bey established a palace in the city and an attendant garrison.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Command was given to a favorite of the bey's, the general <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salah_Cheboul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salah Cheboul (page does not exist)">Salah Cheboul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The forts were renovated, and the port cleaned and maintained.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1840, a community of <a href="/wiki/Maltese_people" title="Maltese people">Maltese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French</a> settled in the locality.<sup id="cite_ref-marge_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marge-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1853, however, the beylik's new frigates could no longer access the harbor and the garrison was reduced.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early years of <a href="/wiki/French_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="French Tunisia">Tunisia's French occupation</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizerte_Port_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bizerte Port Company (page does not exist)">Bizerte Port Company</a> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Compagnie du Port de Bizerte</i>) made an attempt to again dredge access to Porto Farina's harbor but a storm from the northeast closed the channel almost immediately after its opening and further attempts were abandoned. The formerly prosperous town's public buildings had already fallen into disrepair and were thoroughly scavenged by locals for other purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991–2_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991–2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prison, which was listed as a Tunisian Historic Monument in 1922, closed in 1964.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Today Ghar el-Melh is a small farming town.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ancient bishopric survives today as a <a href="/wiki/Titular_see" title="Titular see">titular see</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the current <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a> is <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_James_Robinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoffrey James Robinson">Geoffrey James Robinson</a> of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ras_sidi_Ali_el_Mekki.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ruins at Oum al-Abouab"><img alt="Ruins at Oum al-Abouab" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ras_sidi_Ali_el_Mekki.jpg/120px-Ras_sidi_Ali_el_Mekki.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ras_sidi_Ali_el_Mekki.jpg/180px-Ras_sidi_Ali_el_Mekki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ras_sidi_Ali_el_Mekki.jpg/240px-Ras_sidi_Ali_el_Mekki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ruins at Oum al-Abouab</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VueAerienneGharElMelh_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of the town"><img alt="Aerial view of the town" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/VueAerienneGharElMelh_1.jpg/120px-VueAerienneGharElMelh_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/VueAerienneGharElMelh_1.jpg/180px-VueAerienneGharElMelh_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/VueAerienneGharElMelh_1.jpg/240px-VueAerienneGharElMelh_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Aerial view of the town</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AerialViewCapFarina2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of Cape Farina"><img alt="Aerial view of Cape Farina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/AerialViewCapFarina2005.jpg/120px-AerialViewCapFarina2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/AerialViewCapFarina2005.jpg/180px-AerialViewCapFarina2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/AerialViewCapFarina2005.jpg/240px-AerialViewCapFarina2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Aerial view of Cape Farina</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PanoramiqueGhalElMelhJuin2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of Cape Farina"><img alt="Aerial view of Cape Farina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/PanoramiqueGhalElMelhJuin2012.jpg/120px-PanoramiqueGhalElMelhJuin2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/PanoramiqueGhalElMelhJuin2012.jpg/180px-PanoramiqueGhalElMelhJuin2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/PanoramiqueGhalElMelhJuin2012.jpg/240px-PanoramiqueGhalElMelhJuin2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3372" data-file-height="2252" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Aerial view of Cape Farina</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:El_Boj_Loutani.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Borj el-Loutani"><img alt="Borj el-Loutani" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/El_Boj_Loutani.jpg/120px-El_Boj_Loutani.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/El_Boj_Loutani.jpg/180px-El_Boj_Loutani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/El_Boj_Loutani.jpg/240px-El_Boj_Loutani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2320" data-file-height="1392" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Borj el-Loutani</div> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_navy_(1705-1881)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian navy (1705-1881)">Tunisian navy (1705-1881)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tunesieninformationen.de/nordtunesien/ghar-el-melh/ghar-el-melh.htm">Tunesieninformationen</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060110014724/http://lexicorient.com/tunisia/ghar_el_melh.htm">"Lexicorient"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lexicorient.com/tunisia/ghar_el_melh.htm">the original</a> on 2006-01-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-01-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lexicorient&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flexicorient.com%2Ftunisia%2Fghar_el_melh.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuss1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Huss, Werner (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MwQtzdiUso4C&pg=PA37"><i>Die Karthager</i></a> (in German). C.H.Beck. p. 37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-406-37912-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-406-37912-3"><bdi>978-3-406-37912-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Karthager&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=C.H.Beck&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-3-406-37912-3&rft.aulast=Huss&rft.aufirst=Werner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMwQtzdiUso4C%26pg%3DPA37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore1949[httpsarchiveorgdetailsL381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830pagen587_"Utica_and_Carthage"]-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore1949[httpsarchiveorgdetailsL381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830pagen587_"Utica_and_Carthage"]_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore1949">Moore (1949)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/L381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830/page/n587">"Utica and Carthage"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190982_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 82.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBonnet2005_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBonnet2005">Bonnet (2005)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-livy-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-livy_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-livy_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore1949">Moore (1949)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/L381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830/page/n415">415</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imperium-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imperium_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imperium_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://imperium.ahlfeldt.se/places/28166.html">"Ghar El Melh (Porto Farina)"</a>, <i>Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire</i>, 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ghar+El+Melh+%28Porto+Farina%29&rft.btitle=Digital+Atlas+of+the+Roman+Empire&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimperium.ahlfeldt.se%2Fplaces%2F28166.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R.B. Hitchner, R. Warner, R. Talbert, T. Elliott, sgilles <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/315132/rusucmona">Rusucmona</a> at Pleiades.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t1485.htm">Rusuca at <i>gcatholic.org</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d2r44.html">Eintrag in <i>catholic-hierarchy.org</i> (englisch)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190983_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190985_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 85.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPlant2010-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPlant2010_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPlant2010">Plant (2010)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190986-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190986_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Abi_Dhiaf1990" class="citation cs2">Ibn Abi Dhiaf (1990), <i>Présent des Hommes de Notre Temps: Chroniques des Rois de Tunis et du Pacte Fondamental</i>, vol. II, Tunis: Maison Tunisienne de l'Édition, p. 115</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pr%C3%A9sent+des+Hommes+de+Notre+Temps%3A+Chroniques+des+Rois+de+Tunis+et+du+Pacte+Fondamental&rft.place=Tunis&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=Maison+Tunisienne+de+l%27%C3%89dition&rft.date=1990&rft.au=Ibn+Abi+Dhiaf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>. <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190987-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190987_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190987_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190988-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190988_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190989_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoutsma1987" class="citation cs2">Houtsma, M. Th. (1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rezD7rvuf9YC&pg=PA735"><i>First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936</i></a>, E.J. Brill, p. 735, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9004082654" title="Special:BookSources/9004082654"><bdi>9004082654</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140502114041/http://books.google.com/books?id=rezD7rvuf9YC&pg=PA735">archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2014</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=First+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+1913%E2%80%931936&rft.pages=735&rft.pub=E.J.+Brill&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=9004082654&rft.aulast=Houtsma&rft.aufirst=M.+Th.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrezD7rvuf9YC%26pg%3DPA735&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190990_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marge-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marge_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marge_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexanderCécile_DulièreSaïda_BesrourMongi_Ennaïfer1973" class="citation cs2">Alexander, Margaret Ames; Cécile Dulière; Saïda Besrour; Mongi Ennaïfer (1973), "Sheet 7: Region of Ghar el Melh (Porto Farina)", <i>Archaeological Atlas of Tunisia</i>, Tunis: National Institute of Archeology and Art</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sheet+7%3A+Region+of+Ghar+el+Melh+%28Porto+Farina%29&rft.btitle=Archaeological+Atlas+of+Tunisia&rft.place=Tunis&rft.pub=National+Institute+of+Archeology+and+Art&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Margaret+Ames&rft.au=C%C3%A9cile+Duli%C3%A8re&rft.au=Sa%C3%AFda+Besrour&rft.au=Mongi+Enna%C3%AFfer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991–2-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMolinier190991–2_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMolinier1909">Molinier (1909)</a>, pp. 91–2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/citizen59/">Ghar El-Melh's photos</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161216210046/http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/titulare_p.htm">"Apostolische Nachfolge – Titularsitze"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/titulare_p.htm">the original</a> on 2016-12-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apostolische+Nachfolge+%E2%80%93+Titularsitze&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apostolische-nachfolge.de%2Ftitulare_p.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghar_el-Melh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonnet2005" class="citation cs2">Bonnet, Corinne (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/eshmun">"Eshmun"</a>, <i>Encyclopedia of Religion</i> (2nd ed.), Detroit: Thomson Gale</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eshmun&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion&rft.place=Detroit&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Thomson+Gale&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Bonnet&rft.aufirst=Corinne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fenvironment%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Feshmun&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore1949" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">T. Livius Patavinus</a> (1949), Moore, Frank Gardiner; et al. (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/L381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830/page/n5"><i>Livy</i></a>, <i>Loeb Classical Library</i>, No.<span class="nowrap"> </span>381, vol. VIII, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a>: Harvard University Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Livy&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.series=%27%27Loeb+Classical+Library%27%27%2C+No.%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E+%3C%2Fspan%3E381&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1949&rft.au=T.+Livius+Patavinus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FL381LivyHistoryOfRomeVIII2830%2Fpage%2Fn5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>. <span class="languageicon">(in Latin)</span><span class="nowrap"> </span>& <span class="languageicon">(in English)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMolinier1909" class="citation cs2">Molinier, J. (1909), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://best.mmsh.univ-aix.fr/Pdf/1952-064-1378.pdf">"Porto Farina"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Bulletin Economique et Social de la Tunisie</i>, pp. 81–92</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Porto+Farina&rft.btitle=Bulletin+Economique+et+Social+de+la+Tunisie&rft.pages=81-92&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Molinier&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbest.mmsh.univ-aix.fr%2FPdf%2F1952-064-1378.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>. <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlant2010" class="citation cs2">Plant, David (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bcw-project.org/military/anglo-spanish-war/mediterranean">"Blake in the Mediterranean, 1654–5"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bcw-project.org"><i>BCW Project</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Blake+in+the+Mediterranean%2C+1654%E2%80%935&rft.btitle=BCW+Project&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Plant&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbcw-project.org%2Fmilitary%2Fanglo-spanish-war%2Fmediterranean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGhar+el-Melh" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communes_of_Tunisia" title="Template:Communes of Tunisia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communes_of_Tunisia" title="Template talk:Communes of Tunisia"><abbr title="Discuss 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cities in Tunisia">Communes of Tunisia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Ariana_Governorate" title="Ariana Governorate">Ariana Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ariana_(tunisian_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariana (tunisian city)">Ariana</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ettadhamen" title="Ettadhamen">Ettadhamen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mnihla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mnihla (page does not exist)">Mnihla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kal%C3%A2at_el-Andalous" title="Kalâat el-Andalous">Kalâat el-Andalous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoued" title="Raoued">Raoued</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Thabet" title="Sidi Thabet">Sidi Thabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Soukra" title="La Soukra">La Soukra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ja_Governorate" title="Béja Governorate">Béja Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ja" title="Béja">Béja</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Ma%C3%A2goula" title="El Maâgoula">El Maâgoula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goubellat" title="Goubellat">Goubellat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medjez_el-Bab" class="mw-redirect" title="Medjez el-Bab">Medjez el-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefza" title="Nefza">Nefza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9boursouk" title="Téboursouk">Téboursouk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testour" title="Testour">Testour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amdoun" title="Amdoun">Amdoun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ouchtata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ouchtata (page does not exist)">Ouchtata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slouguia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slouguia (page does not exist)">Slouguia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidi_Ismail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidi Ismail (page does not exist)">Sidi Ismail</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thibar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thibar (page does not exist)">Thibar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Arous_Governorate" title="Ben Arous Governorate">Ben Arous Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ben_Arous" title="Ben Arous">Ben Arous</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bou_Mhel_el-Bassatine" title="Bou Mhel el-Bassatine">Bou Mhel el-Bassatine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Mourouj" title="El Mourouj">El Mourouj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezzahra" title="Ezzahra">Ezzahra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammam_Chott" title="Hammam Chott">Hammam Chott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouchana" title="Fouchana">Fouchana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammam_Lif" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammam Lif">Hammam Lif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalidia" title="Khalidia">Khalidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9grine" title="Mégrine">Mégrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamedia,_Tunisia" title="Mohamedia, Tunisia">Mohamedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mornag" title="Mornag">Mornag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rades" class="mw-redirect" title="Rades">Rades</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Bizerte_Governorate" title="Bizerte Governorate">Bizerte Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bizerte" title="Bizerte">Bizerte</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aousja" title="Aousja">Aousja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Alia" title="El Alia">El Alia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghar_El_Melh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghar El Melh">Ghar El Melh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mateur" title="Mateur">Mateur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Bourguiba" title="Menzel Bourguiba">Menzel Bourguiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Jemil" title="Menzel Jemil">Menzel Jemil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Abderrahmane" title="Menzel Abderrahmane">Menzel Abderrahmane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metline" title="Metline">Metline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raf_Raf" title="Raf Raf">Raf Raf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_Jebel" title="Ras Jebel">Ras Jebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejenane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sejenane">Sejenane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinja,_Tunisia" title="Tinja, Tunisia">Tinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghezala" title="Ghezala">Ghezala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joumine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joumine (page does not exist)">Joumine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utique (page does not exist)">Utique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Gab%C3%A8s_Governorate" title="Gabès Governorate">Gabès Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gab%C3%A8s" title="Gabès">Gabès</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenini_Nahal" title="Chenini Nahal">Chenini Nahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hamma" title="El Hamma">El Hamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghannouch" title="Ghannouch">Ghannouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mareth" title="Mareth">Mareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matmata,_Tunisia" title="Matmata, Tunisia">Matmata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9touia" title="Métouia">Métouia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_Matmata" title="Nouvelle Matmata">Nouvelle Matmata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oudhref" title="Oudhref">Oudhref</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarat,_Tunisia" title="Zarat, Tunisia">Zarat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bouchemma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bouchemma (page does not exist)">Bouchemma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menzel_El_Habib&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menzel El Habib (page does not exist)">Menzel El Habib</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teboulbou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teboulbou (page does not exist)">Teboulbou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Gafsa_Governorate" title="Gafsa Governorate">Gafsa Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gafsa" title="Gafsa">Gafsa</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Guettar,_Tunisia" title="El Guettar, Tunisia">El Guettar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Ksar" title="El Ksar">El Ksar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mdhila" title="Mdhila">Mdhila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tlaoui" title="Métlaoui">Métlaoui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulares,_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Moulares, Tunisia">Moulares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeyef" title="Redeyef">Redeyef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sened,_Tunisia" title="Sened, Tunisia">Sened</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belkhir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belkhir (page does not exist)">Belkhir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lela_(Tunisia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lela (Tunisia) (page does not exist)">Lela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_A%C3%AFch_(Tunisia)" title="Sidi Aïch (Tunisia)">Sidi Aïch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Jendouba_Governorate" title="Jendouba Governorate">Jendouba Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jendouba" title="Jendouba">Jendouba</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ain_Draham" class="mw-redirect" title="Ain Draham">Ain Draham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beni_M%27Tir" title="Beni M'Tir">Beni M'Tir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bou_Salem" title="Bou Salem">Bou Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernana" title="Fernana">Fernana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghardimaou" title="Ghardimaou">Ghardimaou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oued_Melliz" title="Oued Melliz">Oued Melliz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabarka" title="Tabarka">Tabarka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Kairouan_Governorate" title="Kairouan Governorate">Kairouan Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kairouan" title="Kairouan">Kairouan</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ain_Djeloula" class="mw-redirect" title="Ain Djeloula">Ain Djeloula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ala%C3%A2,_Tunisia" title="Alaâ, Tunisia">Alaâ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bou_Hajla" title="Bou Hajla">Bou Hajla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chebika,_Kairouan" title="Chebika, Kairouan">Chebika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echrarda" title="Echrarda">Echrarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oueslatia" title="Oueslatia">Oueslatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haffouz" title="Haffouz">Haffouz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajeb_El_Ayoun" title="Hajeb El Ayoun">Hajeb El Ayoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Mehiri" title="Menzel Mehiri">Menzel Mehiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasrallah,_Tunisia" title="Nasrallah, Tunisia">Nasrallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sbikha" title="Sbikha">Sbikha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Kasserine_Governorate" title="Kasserine Governorate">Kasserine Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kasserine" title="Kasserine">Kasserine</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9riana" title="Fériana">Fériana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foussana" title="Foussana">Foussana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidra" class="mw-redirect" title="Haidra">Haidra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedelienne" title="Jedelienne">Jedelienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magel_Bel_Abbes" class="mw-redirect" title="Magel Bel Abbes">Magel Bel Abbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sbeitla" title="Sbeitla">Sbeitla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sbiba" title="Sbiba">Sbiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thala,_Tunisia" title="Thala, Tunisia">Thala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9lepte" class="mw-redirect" title="Thélepte">Thélepte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassi_El_Ferid" title="Hassi El Ferid">Hassi El Ferid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Ayoun_(Tunisia)" title="El Ayoun (Tunisia)">El Ayoun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ezzouhour_(Kasserine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ezzouhour (Kasserine) (page does not exist)">Ezzouhour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Kebili_Governorate" title="Kebili Governorate">Kébili Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kebili" title="Kebili">Kébili</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douz" title="Douz">Douz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Gol%C3%A2a" title="El Golâa">El Golâa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djemna" title="Djemna">Djemna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faouar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faouar (page does not exist)">Faouar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rjim_Maatoug&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rjim Maatoug (page does not exist)">Rjim Maatoug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souk_Lahad" title="Souk Lahad">Souk Lahad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Kef_Governorate" title="Kef Governorate">Kef Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Le_Kef" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Kef">Le Kef</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahmani" title="Dahmani">Dahmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9rissa" title="Jérissa">Jérissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Ksour" title="El Ksour">El Ksour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaat_Senan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalaat Senan">Kalaat Senan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kal%C3%A2at_Khasba" title="Kalâat Khasba">Kalâat Khasba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Salem" title="Menzel Salem">Menzel Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebeur" title="Nebeur">Nebeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakiet_Sidi_Youssef" title="Sakiet Sidi Youssef">Sakiet Sidi Youssef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sers,_Tunisia" title="Sers, Tunisia">Sers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajerouine" title="Tajerouine">Tajerouine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touiref" title="Touiref">Touiref</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Mahdia_Governorate" title="Mahdia Governorate">Mahdia Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mahdia" title="Mahdia">Mahdia</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bou_Merdes" title="Bou Merdes">Bou Merdes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chebba" title="Chebba">Chebba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorbane" title="Chorbane">Chorbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Brad%C3%A2a" title="El Bradâa">El Bradâa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Djem" title="El Djem">El Jem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essouassi" title="Essouassi">Essouassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebira" title="Hebira">Hebira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiboun" title="Hiboun">Hiboun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerker" title="Kerker">Kerker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksour_Essef" title="Ksour Essef">Ksour Essef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mellouleche" class="mw-redirect" title="Mellouleche">Mellouleche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouled_Chamekh" title="Ouled Chamekh">Ouled Chamekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejiche" title="Rejiche">Rejiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Alouane" title="Sidi Alouane">Sidi Alouane</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hkaima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hkaima (page does not exist)">Hkaima</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidi_Zid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidi Zid (page does not exist)">Sidi Zid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tlelsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tlelsa (page does not exist)">Tlelsa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zelba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zelba (page does not exist)">Zelba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Manouba_Governorate" title="Manouba Governorate">Manouba Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/La_Manouba" class="mw-redirect" title="La Manouba">La Manouba</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borj_El_Amri" title="Borj El Amri">Borj El Amri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_Den" title="Den Den">Den Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douar_Hicher" title="Douar Hicher">Douar Hicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedeida" title="Djedeida">Djedeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Battan" title="El Battan">El Battan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oued_Ellil" title="Oued Ellil">Oued Ellil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mornaguia" title="Mornaguia">Mornaguia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebourba" title="Tebourba">Tebourba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9denine_Governorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Médenine Governorate">Médenine Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9denine" class="mw-redirect" title="Médenine">Médenine</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajim" title="Ajim">Ajim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Gardane" class="mw-redirect" title="Ben Gardane">Ben Gardane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beni_Khedache" title="Beni Khedache">Beni Khedache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boughrara" title="Boughrara">Boughrara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houmt_Souk" class="mw-redirect" title="Houmt Souk">Houmt Souk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midoun" title="Midoun">Midoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarzis" title="Zarzis">Zarzis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidi_Makhlouf_(Tunisia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidi Makhlouf (Tunisia) (page does not exist)">Sidi Makhlouf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Monastir_Governorate" title="Monastir Governorate">Monastir Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Monastir,_Tunisia" title="Monastir, Tunisia">Monastir</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiret_El_Fhoul" title="Amiret El Fhoul">Amiret El Fhoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiret_El_Hojjaj" title="Amiret El Hojjaj">Amiret El Hojjaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiret_Touazra" title="Amiret Touazra">Amiret Touazra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekalta" title="Bekalta">Bekalta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bembla-Mnara" title="Bembla-Mnara">Bembla-Mnara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beni_Hassen" title="Beni Hassen">Beni Hassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennane-Bodher" title="Bennane-Bodher">Bennane-Bodher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouhjar" title="Bouhjar">Bouhjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherahil" title="Cherahil">Cherahil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Masdour" title="El Masdour">El Masdour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghenada" title="Ghenada">Ghenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jemmal" title="Jemmal">Jemmal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khniss" title="Khniss">Khniss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksar_Hellal" title="Ksar Hellal">Ksar Hellal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksibet_el-M%C3%A9diouni" class="mw-redirect" title="Ksibet el-Médiouni">Ksibet el-Médiouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamta" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamta">Lamta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Ennour" title="Menzel Ennour">Menzel Ennour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Farsi" title="Menzel Farsi">Menzel Farsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Hayet" title="Menzel Hayet">Menzel Hayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Kamel" title="Menzel Kamel">Menzel Kamel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moknine" title="Moknine">Moknine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouerdanin" title="Ouerdanin">Ouerdanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayada,_Tunisia" title="Sayada, Tunisia">Sayada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teboulba" class="mw-redirect" title="Teboulba">Teboulba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Nabeul_Governorate" title="Nabeul Governorate">Nabeul Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nabeul" title="Nabeul">Nabeul</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azmour" title="Azmour">Azmour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ni_Khalled" title="Béni Khalled">Béni Khalled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9ni_Khiar" title="Béni Khiar">Béni Khiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bou_Argoub" title="Bou Argoub">Bou Argoub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dar_Allouch" title="Dar Allouch">Dar Allouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dar_Chaabane" title="Dar Chaabane">Dar Chaabane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Haouaria" title="El Haouaria">El Haouaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Ma%C3%A2moura" title="El Maâmoura">El Maâmoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Mida" title="El Mida">El Mida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grombalia" title="Grombalia">Grombalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammam_Ghezeze" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammam Ghezeze">Hammam Ghezeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammamet,_Tunisia" title="Hammamet, Tunisia">Hammamet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A9libia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kélibia">Kélibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerkouane" title="Kerkouane">Kerkouane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korba,_Tunisia" title="Korba, Tunisia">Korba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korbous" title="Korbous">Korbous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Bouzelfa" title="Menzel Bouzelfa">Menzel Bouzelfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Horr" title="Menzel Horr">Menzel Horr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Temime" title="Menzel Temime">Menzel Temime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soliman,_Tunisia" title="Soliman, Tunisia">Soliman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Som%C3%A2a" title="Somâa">Somâa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelsa" title="Takelsa">Takelsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tazerka" title="Tazerka">Tazerka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaouiet_Djedidi" title="Zaouiet Djedidi">Zaouiet Djedidi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Sfax_Governorate" title="Sfax Governorate">Sfax Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sfax" title="Sfax">Sfax</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agareb" title="Agareb">Agareb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_Ali_Ben_Kh%C3%A9lifa" title="Bir Ali Ben Khélifa">Bir Ali Ben Khélifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_Salah" title="Bir Salah">Bir Salah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chihia" title="Chihia">Chihia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Ain,_Tunisia" title="El Ain, Tunisia">El Ain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graiba" class="mw-redirect" title="Graiba">Graiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gremda" title="Gremda">Gremda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebiniana" title="Jebiniana">Jebiniana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerkennah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerkennah">Kerkennah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hencha" title="El Hencha">El Hencha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahres" title="Mahres">Mahres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Chaker" title="Menzel Chaker">Menzel Chaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakiet_Eddaier" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakiet Eddaier">Sakiet Eddaier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakiet_Ezzit" title="Sakiet Ezzit">Sakiet Ezzit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skhira" title="Skhira">Skhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyna" title="Thyna">Thyna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Amra_(Tunisia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Amra (Tunisia) (page does not exist)">El Amra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Bouzid_Governorate" title="Sidi Bouzid Governorate">Sidi Bouzid Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Bouzid" title="Sidi Bouzid">Sidi Bouzid</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_El_Hafey" title="Bir El Hafey">Bir El Hafey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebbala_Ouled_Asker" title="Cebbala Ouled Asker">Cebbala Ouled Asker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilma" title="Jilma">Jilma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzel_Bouzaiane" title="Menzel Bouzaiane">Menzel Bouzaiane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meknassy" title="Meknassy">Meknassy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezzouna" title="Mezzouna">Mezzouna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouled_Haffouz" title="Ouled Haffouz">Ouled Haffouz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regueb" title="Regueb">Regueb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Ali_Ben_Aoun" title="Sidi Ali Ben Aoun">Sidi Ali Ben Aoun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Ahouaz-El_Assouda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Ahouaz-El Assouda (page does not exist)">Al Ahouaz-El Assouda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baten_Ghzal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baten Ghzal (page does not exist)">Baten Ghzal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bennour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bennour (page does not exist)">Bennour</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Essa%C3%AFda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Essaïda (page does not exist)">Essaïda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mansoura(Sidi_Bouzid)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mansoura(Sidi Bouzid) (page does not exist)">Mansoura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rahal_(Sidi_Bouzid)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rahal (Sidi Bouzid) (page does not exist)">Rahal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Souk_Jedid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Souk Jedid (page does not exist)">Souk Jedid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Siliana_Governorate" title="Siliana Governorate">Siliana Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Siliana" title="Siliana">Siliana</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargou" title="Bargou">Bargou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bou_Arada" title="Bou Arada">Bou Arada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Aroussa" title="El Aroussa">El Aroussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Krib" title="El Krib">El Krib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ga%C3%A2four" title="Gaâfour">Gaâfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesra" title="Kesra">Kesra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makthar" class="mw-redirect" title="Makthar">Makthar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouhia" title="Rouhia">Rouhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Bou_Rouis" title="Sidi Bou Rouis">Sidi Bou Rouis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Sousse_Governorate" title="Sousse Governorate">Sousse Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sousse" title="Sousse">Sousse</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akouda" title="Akouda">Akouda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouficha" title="Bouficha">Bouficha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfida" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfida">Enfida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezzouhour" title="Ezzouhour">Ezzouhour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammam_Sousse" title="Hammam Sousse">Hammam Sousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hergla" title="Hergla">Hergla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kal%C3%A2a_Kebira" title="Kalâa Kebira">Kalâa Kebira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kal%C3%A2a_Seghira" title="Kalâa Seghira">Kalâa Seghira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kondar,_Tunisia" title="Kondar, Tunisia">Kondar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksibet_Thrayet" title="Ksibet Thrayet">Ksibet Thrayet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messaadine" title="Messaadine">Messaadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%27saken" title="M'saken">M'saken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Bou_Ali" title="Sidi Bou Ali">Sidi Bou Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_El_Hani" title="Sidi El Hani">Sidi El Hani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaouiet_Sousse" title="Zaouiet Sousse">Zaouiet Sousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chott_Meriem" title="Chott Meriem">Chott Meriem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Tataouine_Governorate" title="Tataouine Governorate">Tataouine Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Tataouine" title="Tataouine">Tataouine</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_Lahmar" title="Bir Lahmar">Bir Lahmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehiba" title="Dehiba">Dehiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghomrassen" title="Ghomrassen">Ghomrassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remada" title="Remada">Remada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sm%C3%A2r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smâr (page does not exist)">Smâr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Tozeur_Governorate" title="Tozeur Governorate">Tozeur Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Tozeur" title="Tozeur">Tozeur</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degache" title="Degache">Degache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hamma_du_J%C3%A9rid" class="mw-redirect" title="El Hamma du Jérid">El Hamma du Jérid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefta,_Tunisia" title="Nefta, Tunisia">Nefta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamerza" title="Tamerza">Tamerza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hazoua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hazoua (page does not exist)">Hazoua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Tunis_Governorate" title="Tunis Governorate">Tunis Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage_(municipality)" title="Carthage (municipality)">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Goulette" title="La Goulette">La Goulette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Marsa" title="La Marsa">La Marsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Bardo" title="Le Bardo">Le Bardo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Kram" title="Le Kram">Le Kram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Bou_Said" title="Sidi Bou Said">Sidi Bou Said</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Hassine" title="Sidi Hassine">Sidi Hassine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em"><a href="/wiki/Zaghouan_Governorate" title="Zaghouan Governorate">Zaghouan Governorate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Zaghouan" title="Zaghouan">Zaghouan</a></b> (seat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Fahs" title="El Fahs">El Fahs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djebel_Oust" title="Djebel Oust">Djebel Oust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_Mcherga" class="mw-redirect" title="Bir Mcherga">Bir Mcherga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadhour" title="Nadhour">Nadhour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zriba" title="Zriba">Zriba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saouaf" title="Saouaf">Saouaf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2618068#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2618068#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2618068#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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