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<li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Kindle+Direct+Publishing" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Kindle+Direct+Publishing" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products_and_subplatforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products_and_subplatforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Products and subplatforms</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Products_and_subplatforms-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Products and subplatforms subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Products_and_subplatforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kindle_Scout_(defunct)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kindle_Scout_(defunct)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Kindle Scout (defunct)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kindle_Scout_(defunct)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kindle_Worlds_(defunct)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kindle_Worlds_(defunct)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Kindle Worlds (defunct)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kindle_Worlds_(defunct)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kindle_Publishing_for_Blogs_(defunct)/Periodicals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kindle_Publishing_for_Blogs_(defunct)/Periodicals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Kindle Publishing for Blogs (defunct)/Periodicals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kindle_Publishing_for_Blogs_(defunct)/Periodicals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-KDP_Select" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#KDP_Select"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>KDP <i>Select</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-KDP_Select-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kindle_Vella" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kindle_Vella"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Kindle Vella</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kindle_Vella-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hardcover_publication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hardcover_publication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Hardcover publication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hardcover_publication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> 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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Plagiarized books and piracy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plagiarized_books_and_piracy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lyndon_McLeod" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lyndon_McLeod"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Lyndon McLeod</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lyndon_McLeod-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kindle_Direct_Publishing" title="Kindle Direct Publishing – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kindle Direct Publishing" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Kindle_Direct_Publishing" title="Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%82%A8%EB%93%A4_%EB%8B%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%A0%89%ED%8A%B8_%ED%8D%BC%EB%B8%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%8B%B1" title="킨들 다이렉트 퍼블리싱 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="킨들 다이렉트 퍼블리싱" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/KDP_Amazon" title="KDP Amazon – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="KDP Amazon" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kindle_%E3%83%80%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%91%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="Kindle ダイレクト・パブリッシング – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Kindle ダイレクト・パブリッシング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kindle_Direct_Publishing" title="Kindle Direct Publishing – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kindle Direct Publishing" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%88%D9%84_%DA%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9_%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%86%DA%AF" title="کنڈل ڈائریکٹ پبلشنگ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کنڈل ڈائریکٹ پبلشنگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kindle%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A9%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88" title="Kindle自助出版 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Kindle自助出版" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Amazon's e-book publishing unit</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Kindle Direct Publishing</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent company</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">November 2007<span class="noprint">; 17 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2007-11</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, Washington, United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Distribution</th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication types</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/E-book" class="mw-redirect" title="E-book">E-books</a> on <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Amazon Kindle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kdp.amazon.com">kdp<wbr />.amazon<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kindle Direct Publishing</b> is <a href="/wiki/Amazon.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon.com">Amazon.com</a>'s e-book publishing platform launched in November 2007, concurrently with the first <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Amazon Kindle</a> device. Originally called Digital Text Platform, the platform allows authors and publishers to publish their books to the <a href="/wiki/Kindle_Store" title="Kindle Store">Amazon Kindle Store</a>. </p><p>Authors can upload documents in several formats for delivery via the KDP website and charge between $0.99 and $200.00 for their works.<sup id="cite_ref-kindle-dtp_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kindle-dtp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> KDP accepts books in 44 languages.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, Amazon also added a <a href="/wiki/Paperback" title="Paperback">paperback</a> option, and in 2021, a <a href="/wiki/Hardback" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardback">hardback</a> (case laminated) option, both of which use <a href="/wiki/Print-on-demand" class="mw-redirect" title="Print-on-demand">print-on-demand</a> technology. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) was in open <a href="/wiki/Beta_testing" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta testing">beta testing</a> in late 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-kindle-dtp_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kindle-dtp-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a December 5, 2009 interview with <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos revealed that Amazon keeps 65% of the revenue from all e-book sales for the Kindle.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remaining 35% is split between the author and publisher. In 2010, they improved the rate from 35% to 70% to compete with Apple, provided the publisher met certain conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-tbi_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tbi-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During 2016, <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> released four million e-books and 40% of those titles were self-published under KDP.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2017, Amazon released Kindle Create, an application for converting Word and PDF files into Kindle-compatible files; before this release there were multiple Amazon apps to convert various types of files.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Total royalties paid out on Amazon KDP were over $260 million in 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> increasing to over $300 million in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products_and_subplatforms">Products and subplatforms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Products and subplatforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kindle_Scout_(defunct)"><span id="Kindle_Scout_.28defunct.29"></span>Kindle Scout (defunct)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kindle Scout (defunct)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014, Amazon released the <b>Kindle Scout</b> platform. Aspiring authors could post their unpublished novels on Kindle Scout. Visitors could browse the categories and read the first 5,000 words of any novel, then nominate up to three books at a time for publication by Kindle Press.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If chosen, the author was paid an advance on royalties and their book received a professional edit. In April 2018, Amazon stopped taking new submissions to Kindle Scout, indicating that the service would be shut down in the near future.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time, 293 titles had been selected for publication during the program. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kindle_Worlds_(defunct)"><span id="Kindle_Worlds_.28defunct.29"></span>Kindle Worlds (defunct)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kindle Worlds (defunct)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kindle_Worlds" title="Kindle Worlds">Kindle Worlds</a></div> <p>Kindle Worlds was established on May 22, 2013 to provide a commercial venue for <a href="/wiki/Fan_fiction" title="Fan fiction">fan fiction</a> creations of specific licensed media properties.<sup id="cite_ref-cnnmoney_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnnmoney-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amazon shut down the Kindle Worlds In August 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kindle_Publishing_for_Blogs_(defunct)/Periodicals"><span id="Kindle_Publishing_for_Blogs_.28defunct.29.2FPeriodicals"></span>Kindle Publishing for Blogs (defunct)/Periodicals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Kindle Publishing for Blogs (defunct)/Periodicals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In early 2008, Amazon began to allow sites such as <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/TechCrunch" title="TechCrunch">TechCrunch</a> to add their blogs to the Kindle platform, and in May 2009, the program was opened to all.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amazon, not the content publisher, set the monthly subscription and retained 70% of the revenue.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The blog service was discontinued on August 19, 2019 due to low usage and was repurposed for newspapers and periodicals under the name Kindle Publishing for Periodicals.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="KDP_Select">KDP <i>Select</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: KDP Select"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The KDP Select program requires the publisher to give Amazon 100% exclusivity—the ebook may not be sold anywhere else, with minor exceptions. The author may opt out from KDP select ninety days after enrolment. If no action is taken, it will auto-renew for another ninety days.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All KDP Select books are included in <a href="/wiki/Kindle_Unlimited" class="mw-redirect" title="Kindle Unlimited">Kindle Unlimited</a>, a monthly subscription service that allows unlimited reading of e-books. </p><p>Amazon initially paid authors in its KDP Select program a set fee per book, provided a reader read at least 10 percent of the book. This drew criticism from authors of longer works because a reader would have to read more of their books in order for the authors to receive any payment, while those who wrote shorter books could receive the fees more easily. In July 2015, the company changed its Kindle Select payment structure to a per-page model.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every time an author's e-book is borrowed and pages are read, the author earns a share of a monthly fund, which was $1.2 million in April 2014, $11 million in July 2015, <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2019 $28.5 million, for a per-page rate of about half a cent.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kindle_Vella">Kindle Vella</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Kindle Vella"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Kindle Vella was a serial publication platform, introduced in 2021 as a competitor to <a href="/wiki/Wattpad" title="Wattpad">Wattpad</a> and Radish, and discontinued in February 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kindle Vella initially failed to attract as much popularity as its predecessors, although initially it was applauded by technology magazines such as <i>GeekWire</i> for "bringing books into the <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a> era".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Publishers_Weekly" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a></i> argued that Kindle Vella's partiality to <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> interfaces and short clips of stories would attract younger readers to genre fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Android Central</i>, in contrast, criticized Vella for its lack of appeal to authors, owing largely to its "token system" and its connection with Amazon as a parent company. <i>Android Central</i>, despite its criticism, agreed that there was an incentive for Amazon to add Vella to its Kindle Direct Publishing platform, stating, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The idea of serialized fiction is not a new one, and this exact format and platform have been in use for many years at this point. The most commonly known example is from a Canadian company called Wattpad. Founded in 2006, Wattpad offers a platform for writers and cross-platform apps to experience and enjoy serialized storytelling. Webtoon is a comic platform built on the same concept, allowing creators to build followings and even monetize their comics by having Fast Pass episodes you can unlock with Coins for X days before they become free to read. Supporting creators directly has also been an idea that has been gaining a lot of traction over the past few years, popularized by <a href="/wiki/Patreon" title="Patreon">Patreon</a> and Substack, and even extended into other content areas by sites like <a href="/wiki/OnlyFans" title="OnlyFans">OnlyFans</a>. Large media companies like Apple and <a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> are also trying to get a piece of this action, with new creator tools and monetization options in their podcast platforms. Given this growing trend and the fact that our attention is as short and divided as ever, it certainly makes sense that Amazon wants to find additional ways to attract and retain readers to its dominant Kindle platform.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hardcover_publication">Hardcover publication</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hardcover publication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to e-books and paperbacks, Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) also offers hardcover book publication, allowing authors to publish and distribute their works in hardcover format. This option provides authors with an opportunity to reach a wider audience, cater to readers who prefer hardbound editions, and potentially enhance the perceived value of their books.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Data_sharing_and_retention">Data sharing and retention</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Data sharing and retention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The revenue sharing condition and the inability to opt out of the lendability feature, that was abused in the former <a href="/wiki/Lendink" title="Lendink">Lendink</a> service, have caused some controversy.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other criticisms involve the <a href="/wiki/Business_model" title="Business model">business model</a> behind Amazon's implementation and distribution of e-books.<sup id="cite_ref-Perlow_1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perlow_1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amazon introduced a software application allowing Kindle books to be read on an <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a> or <a href="/wiki/IPod_Touch" title="IPod Touch">iPod Touch</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Perlow_0_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perlow_0-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and soon followed with an application called "Kindle for PCs" that can be run on a Windows PC. Due to the book publishers' <a href="/wiki/Digital_rights_management" title="Digital rights management">DRM</a> policies, Amazon claims there is no <a href="/wiki/Right_of_first_sale" class="mw-redirect" title="Right of first sale">right of first sale</a> with e-books and states that, since e-books are licensed, not purchased (unlike paper books), buyers do not actually own their e-books. This claim has never been tested in court, and the outcome of any action by Amazon is uncertain. The law on these matters is in a state of flux in jurisdictions around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has also been pointed out that Kindle Direct's authors and account-holders have no ability to completely delete retired files reverted to "draft" status from Kindle Direct's databases, a similar practice that CreateSpace followed, whereby a book can be unpublished for further new printing, but will indefinitely be stored on one or more of Amazon's digital servers, even if this version is considered inferior (outdated, typos and grammatical errors, formatting problems, wrong author name or deadname, etc.) This was investigated by self-publishing help website Just Publishing Advice, which ultimately agreed, stating, "if you have self-published a book and now want to delete it, all you can do is unpublish it. The same applies if you are managing the books of a deceased self-published author. This will remove it from sale and distribution. However, it will not stop possible sales by third parties on mass-market distribution."<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is confirmed by Kindle Direct Publishing itself, which not only has the account-holder click a digital box confirming agreement with its Terms & Conditions, which mentions the indefinite storage of any uploaded files on its servers, but also on Kindle Direct Publishing's Frequently Asked Questions section, where it states, "You can delete books in "Draft" status from your Bookshelf. If your book was previously published and available for sale, it can't be deleted. Also, paperbacks that were assigned an ISBN can't be deleted."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kindle Direct Publishing has never publicly disclosed why it retains unpublished files on its servers. Additionally, there is no legal protection or exceptions for minors or mentally ill and disabled individuals who happen to sign the Terms & Conditions agreement. Authors who delete their accounts, or who have their accounts deleted, continue to have any uploaded files retained by Kindle Direct Publishing, although in cases where it appears that a book has been plagiarized by another account using Kindle Direct's services, authors are prompted to contact Amazon's Legal Department, which more broadly deals with any form of copyright infringement.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hate_speech_and_misinformation">Hate speech and misinformation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hate speech and misinformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kindle Direct Publishing has been criticised for hosting offensive and potentially illegal content, including <a href="/wiki/Hate_speech" title="Hate speech">hate propaganda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">neo-Nazi material</a>, <a href="/wiki/Autism" title="Autism">autism</a> misinformation, and illegal sex-based material (books promoting <a href="/wiki/Pedophilia" title="Pedophilia">paedophilia</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bestiality" class="mw-redirect" title="Bestiality">bestiality</a>). Users on <a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a> and <a href="/wiki/4Chan" class="mw-redirect" title="4Chan">4Chan</a> have described its <a href="/wiki/Quality_control" title="Quality control">quality control</a> policy as "publishing anything" with little to no legal recourse or evaluation.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some titles released through Amazon's self-publishing platforms Kindle Direct Publishing and CreateSpace have been removed by Amazon after legal complaints, such as <i>The Pedophile's Guide to Love and Pleasure: a Child-lover's Code of Conduct</i> by Phillip R. Greaves, <i>Is <a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> Just A Puppet? The truth about the the</i> [sic] <i>youngest ambientalist</i> by Markus Jorgenssen, and <i>A MAD World Order</i> by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bernardo" title="Paul Bernardo">Paul Bernardo</a>. </p><p>In an experiment to test Amazon's quality control, <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)"><i>Wired</i></a> journalist Matthew "Matt" Reynolds penned a self-published Kindle eBook titled <i>How To Cure Autism: A guide to using <a href="/wiki/Bleach" title="Bleach">chlorine dioxide</a> to cure autism</i>. He explained, "to test the system, we uploaded a fake Kindle book titled <i>How To Cure Autism: A guide to using chlorine dioxide to cure autism</i>. The listing was approved within two hours. When creating the book, Amazon's Kindle publishing service suggested a stock cover image that made it appear as though the book had been approved by the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">FDA</a>." He pointed out that a number of other real Kindle titles promoting <a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">bleach cures</a> and other misinformation were already prevalent on Amazon.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plagiarized_books_and_piracy">Plagiarized books and piracy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Plagiarized books and piracy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Authors like <a href="/wiki/Nora_Roberts" title="Nora Roberts">Nora Roberts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_King" title="Stephen King">Stephen King</a> have had their work plagiarized and copied by users on Kindle Direct Publishing. Plagiarism, both of traditionally-published and self-published titles, has been a growing problem on Kindle Direct Publishing. These stolen titles may retain a permanent <a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata record</a> on <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goodreads" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ingram_Content_Group" title="Ingram Content Group">Ingram</a> if assigned an <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> (Kindle Direct Publishing offers authors of print books a "free KDP ISBN" option which immediately places any assigned title into <a href="/wiki/R._R._Bowker" title="R. R. Bowker">Bowker</a> and Ingram's databases), although many plagiarized titles also occur in the form of Kindle eBooks with only an <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">ASIN</a> and no ISBN, as this allows a higher quantity of the plagiarized title to be sold off in a short amount of time, leaving almost no trace if the plagiarist does get caught. The legal recourse affecting the plagiarist, who may use a <a href="/wiki/Pseudonym" title="Pseudonym">pseudonym</a> to publish under, is limited, moreover because Amazon's data is almost immediately imported into Ingram and Goodreads, this runs the risk of the plagiarized book's metadata overriding or superseding the original author's metadata. Having plagiarized book metadata removed from the internet is challenging; Goodreads considers plagiarized books with metadata to be valid book records and typically will not remove them, instead merging them into the author's metadata so that the plagiarist's name appears on the author's records, while Google Books requires a notice from Ingram before it will actually take down metadata for a plagiarized book imported by Ingram's data. According to author <a href="/wiki/David_Gaughran" title="David Gaughran">David Gaughran</a>, who has long been campaigning against the ease of plagiarism through self-publishing platforms, "Amazon said don't worry, we have robust systems in place to prevent fraud, and it was all bullshit... it hurts authors much more than Amazon. They might see it as only affecting 0.2% of books or whatever, but the top scammers are making over $100,000 a month – money that comes from the author fund, not Amazon's end. These people gaming the system will roll a huge chunk of that back into advertising too, which either brings readers to the website, or goes directly back into Amazon's pocket via Amazon Ads." Nora Roberts, meanwhile, described Kindle Direct's system as "absurdly weak" and "enraging" to her. "This culture, this ugly underbelly of legitimate self-publishing is all about content. More, more, more, fast, fast, fast".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amazon, in turn, has defended its minimalist approach to quality control with the argument that self-publishing companies regularly run plagiarism checks on books being uploaded, typically against other content that they already have access to. <i>The Urban Writers</i> argued, on Amazon's behalf, that "Amazon is extremely sensitive about plagiarized work and, if flagged, your account could be deactivated."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Plagiarism Today</i> noted that cases such as the "Cristiane Serruya Plagiarism Scandal" (a case in which a prolific Kindle Direct author was caught pulling fictional content into her books from various third-party sources) reflect a need for Amazon to be stricter in its approach to copyright infringement.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The publication was critical of Amazon's lack of agency in relation to plagiarism, pointing out, "though Amazon will, sometimes, remove works that violates [sic] their terms of service after they get complaints, they’re happy to sell the books and reap the profits until they get such a notice. And, from Amazon’s perspective, this is completely legal. They are protected by the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act" title="Digital Millennium Copyright Act">Digital Millennium Copyright Act</a> (DMCA) as well as other laws, in particular <a href="/wiki/Section_230" title="Section 230">Section 230</a> of the Communications Decency Act, that basically mean they are under no obligation to vet or check the works they publish. They are legally free to produce and sell books, physical and digital, regardless of whether they are plagiarized, copyright infringing or otherwise illegal."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The phenomenon of plagiarized versions of books appearing on self-publishing platforms is also not totally unique to Amazon, although, as <i>Plagiarism Today</i> argues, Amazon's approach to plagiarism on subsidiaries Kindle Direct and Goodreads has led to an inability for authors to protect their names and reputations on the internet, not merely their financial control over their own books, due to the way in which plagiarism can impact the display and retention of book metadata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lyndon_McLeod">Lyndon McLeod</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Lyndon McLeod"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2021, <a href="/wiki/2021_Colorado_shootings" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Colorado shootings">Lyndon McLeod</a> (aka Roman McClay) murdered 5 people<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Denver, Colorado. McLeod detailed his plans for these attacks, including using the actual names of some of the victims, in a series of novels called Sanction that he self-published to Amazon through Kindle Direct Publishing.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CreateSpace" title="CreateSpace">CreateSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audiobook_Creation_Exchange" title="Audiobook Creation Exchange">Audiobook Creation Exchange</a> (ACX)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span 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March 21, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090524112622/http://gizmodo.com/369235/amazon-kindle-and-sony-reader-locked-up-why-your-books-are-no-longer-yours">Archived</a> from the original on May 24, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gizmodo&rft.atitle=Gizmodo+%E2%80%93+Amazon+Kindle+and+Sony+Reader+Locked+Up%3A+Why+Your+Books+Are+No+Longer+Yours+%E2%80%93+Amazon&rft.date=2008-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgizmodo.com%2F369235%2Famazon-kindle-and-sony-reader-locked-up-why-your-books-are-no-longer-yours&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKindle+Direct+Publishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/news/2009/04/amazon-kindle-incidents-highlight-drm-limitations-once-again.ars">"Kindle owners find out about DRM's ever-present threat – Ars Technica"</a>. <i>Gear & Gadgets</i>. Ars Technica. April 16, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090622020623/http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/news/2009/04/amazon-kindle-incidents-highlight-drm-limitations-once-again.ars">Archived</a> from the original on June 22, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gear+%26+Gadgets&rft.atitle=Kindle+owners+find+out+about+DRM%27s+ever-present+threat+%E2%80%93+Ars+Technica&rft.date=2009-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgadgets%2Fnews%2F2009%2F04%2Famazon-kindle-incidents-highlight-drm-limitations-once-again.ars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKindle+Direct+Publishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justpublishingadvice.com/delete-a-book-after-it-is-published/">"Learn How You Can Delete A Book After It Has Been Published"</a>. <i>justpublishingadvice.com</i>. Just Publishing Advice. 8 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210925034159/https://justpublishingadvice.com/delete-a-book-after-it-is-published/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Amazon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210925034208/https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=201995100">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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ProPublica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210827000053/https://www.propublica.org/article/the-hate-store-amazons-self-publishing-arm-is-a-haven-for-white-supremacists">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Plagiarism%2C+%27book-stuffing%27%2C+clickfarms+...+the+rotten+side+of+self-publishing&rft.date=2019-03-28&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2019%2Fmar%2F28%2Fplagiarism-book-stuffing-clickfarms-the-rotten-side-of-self-publishing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKindle+Direct+Publishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theurbanwriters.com/blogs/publishing/why-self-publishers-plagriarism-check-amazon">"Always Run Plagiarism Checks Before Publishing on Amazon - What Self Publishers Need to Know"</a>. <i>theurbanwriters.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.plagiarismtoday.com&rft.atitle=The+Cristiane+Serruya+Plagiarism+Scandal&rft.date=2019-02-20&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.plagiarismtoday.com%2F2019%2F02%2F20%2Fthe-cristiane-serruya-plagiarism-scandal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKindle+Direct+Publishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey2019" class="citation web cs1">Bailey, Jonathan (26 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.plagiarismtoday.com/2019/02/26/how-amazon-could-fix-its-plagiarism-problem/">"How Amazon Could Fix Its Plagiarism Problem"</a>. <i>www.plagiarismtoday.com</i>. Plagiarism Today. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220620173531/https://www.plagiarismtoday.com/2019/02/26/how-amazon-could-fix-its-plagiarism-problem/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.plagiarismtoday.com&rft.atitle=How+Amazon+Could+Fix+Its+Plagiarism+Problem&rft.date=2019-02-26&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.plagiarismtoday.com%2F2019%2F02%2F26%2Fhow-amazon-could-fix-its-plagiarism-problem%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKindle+Direct+Publishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/fifth-victim-dies-denver-area-rampage-authorities-say-was-targeted-rcna10253">"Fifth victim dies in Denver-area rampage that police say was targeted"</a>. <i>nbcnews.com</i>. NBC News. 29 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211230071918/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/fifth-victim-dies-denver-area-rampage-authorities-say-was-targeted-rcna10253">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nbcnews.com&rft.atitle=Fifth+victim+dies+in+Denver-area+rampage+that+police+say+was+targeted&rft.date=2021-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Ffifth-victim-dies-denver-area-rampage-authorities-say-was-targeted-rcna10253&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKindle+Direct+Publishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/suspect-denver-area-rampage-believed-authored-books-previewing-attacks-rcna10444">"Suspect in Denver-area rampage believed to have written books previewing attacks"</a>. <i>nbcnews.com</i>. NBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211230202630/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/suspect-denver-area-rampage-believed-authored-books-previewing-attacks-rcna10444">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nbcnews.com&rft.atitle=Suspect+in+Denver-area+rampage+believed+to+have+written+books+previewing+attacks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-news%2Fsuspect-denver-area-rampage-believed-authored-books-previewing-attacks-rcna10444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKindle+Direct+Publishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kindle_Direct_Publishing&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kdp.amazon.com/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15823534#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Amazon206" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Amazon" title="Template:Amazon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Amazon" title="Template talk:Amazon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Amazon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Amazon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Amazon206" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> (Founder and Executive Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Jassy" title="Andy Jassy">Andy Jassy</a> (President and CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Vogels" title="Werner Vogels">Werner Vogels</a> (CTO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Dalzell" title="Rick Dalzell">Rick Dalzell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Davis_(programmer)" title="Paul Davis (programmer)">Paul Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Hsieh" title="Tony Hsieh">Tony Hsieh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_North_(businessman)" title="Christopher North (businessman)">Christopher North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Shriram" title="Ram Shriram">Ram Shriram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Szkutak" title="Tom Szkutak">Tom Szkutak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Valentine" title="Brian Valentine">Brian Valentine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Amazon_locations" title="List of Amazon locations">List of Amazon locations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppler_(building)" title="Doppler (building)">Doppler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_1_(building)" title="Day 1 (building)">Day 1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon_HQ2" title="Amazon HQ2">HQ2</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_Place" title="Principal Place">Principal Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Spheres" title="Amazon Spheres">Spheres</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bellevue_600" title="Bellevue 600">Bellevue 600</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products and<br />services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A9.com" title="A9.com">A9.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AbeBooks" title="AbeBooks">AbeBooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Clinic" title="Amazon Clinic">Amazon Clinic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Games" title="Amazon Games">Amazon Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_Helix_Games" title="Double Helix Games">Double Helix Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lab126" title="Amazon Lab126">Amazon Lab126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Pharmacy" title="Amazon Pharmacy">Amazon Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Robotics" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_University_Esports" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon University Esports">Amazon University Esports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Labs" title="Annapurna Labs">Annapurna Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audible_(service)" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blink_Home" title="Blink Home">Blink Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_Labs" title="Body Labs">Body Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_Depository" title="Book Depository">Book Depository</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BookFinder.com" title="BookFinder.com">BookFinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ComiXology" title="ComiXology">ComiXology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Freevee" title="Amazon Freevee">Freevee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AmazonFresh" class="mw-redirect" title="AmazonFresh">Fresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodreads" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goodreads_Choice_Awards" title="Goodreads Choice Awards">Goodreads Choice Awards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphiq" title="Graphiq">Graphiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMDb#IMDbPro" title="IMDb">IMDbPro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_Systems" title="Kuiper Systems">Kuiper Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1Life_Healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="1Life Healthcare">One Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PillPack" title="PillPack">PillPack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_(company)" title="Ring (company)">Ring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neighbors_(app)" title="Neighbors (app)">Neighbors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopbop" title="Shopbop">Shopbop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souq.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Souq.com">Souq.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitch_(service)" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woot" title="Woot">Woot.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zappos" title="Zappos">Zappos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoox_(company)" title="Zoox (company)">Zoox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cloud<br />computing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Web Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Machine_Image" title="Amazon Machine Image">AMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Aurora" title="Amazon Aurora">Amazon Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Elastic_Beanstalk" title="AWS Elastic Beanstalk">Beanstalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_CloudFront" title="Amazon CloudFront">CloudFront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_DynamoDB" title="Amazon DynamoDB">DynamoDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Block_Store" title="Amazon Elastic Block Store">EBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Compute_Cloud" title="Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud">EC2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_File_System" title="Amazon Elastic File System">EFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_ElastiCache" title="Amazon ElastiCache">ElastiCache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_MapReduce" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Elastic MapReduce">EMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Glacier" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Glacier">Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Glue" title="AWS Glue">Glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Lambda" title="AWS Lambda">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lightsail" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Lightsail">Lightsail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Mechanical_Turk" title="Amazon Mechanical Turk">MTurk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Neptune" title="Amazon Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Product_Advertising_API" title="Amazon Product Advertising API">Product Advertising API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Relational_Database_Service" title="Amazon Relational Database Service">RDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Redshift" title="Amazon Redshift">Redshift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Rekognition" title="Amazon Rekognition">Rekognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Route_53" title="Amazon Route 53">Route 53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_S3" title="Amazon S3">S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_SageMaker" title="Amazon SageMaker">SageMaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">SES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Simple_Notification_Service" title="Amazon Simple Notification Service">SNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_SimpleDB" title="Amazon SimpleDB">SimpleDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Simple_Queue_Service" title="Amazon Simple Queue Service">SQS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Virtual_Private_Cloud" title="Amazon Virtual Private Cloud">VPC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#Website" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon.com</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_China" title="Amazon China">China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Alexa" title="Amazon Alexa">Alexa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Appstore" title="Amazon Appstore">Appstore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Digital_Game_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Digital Game Store">Digital Game Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_Store" title="Kindle Store">Kindle Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Luna" title="Amazon Luna">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Pay" title="Amazon Pay">Payments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime" title="Amazon Prime">Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_miniTV" title="Amazon miniTV">Amazon miniTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX_Player" title="MX Player">MX Player</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Key" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Key">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Prime Music">Prime Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Now" title="Prime Now">Prime Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Pantry" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Prime Pantry">Prime Pantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Prime Video</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sports_on_Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Sports on Amazon Prime Video">Sports</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Marketplace" title="Amazon Marketplace">Marketplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Music" title="Amazon Music">Music</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wondery" title="Wondery">Wondery</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Silk" title="Amazon Silk">Silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#AmazonWireless" title="Amazon (company)">Wireless</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Astro" title="Amazon Astro">Astro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo" title="Amazon Echo">Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo_Show" title="Amazon Echo Show">Show</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo_Buds" title="Amazon Echo Buds">Echo Buds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire" title="Amazon Fire">Fire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fire_HD" title="Fire HD">Fire HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_HDX" title="Fire HDX">Fire HDX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV" title="Amazon Fire TV">Fire TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV#Fire_TV_Stick" title="Amazon Fire TV">Stick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1-Click" title="1-Click">1-Click</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamo_(storage_system)" title="Dynamo (storage system)">Dynamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obidos_(software)" title="Obidos (software)">Obidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lumberyard" title="Amazon Lumberyard">Lumberyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Games" title="Amazon Games">Amazon Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Publishing" title="Amazon Publishing">Amazon Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Breakthrough_Novel_Award" title="Amazon Breakthrough Novel Award">Breakthrough Novel Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon%27s_Best_Books_of_the_Year" title="Amazon's Best Books of the Year">Best Books of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_MGM_Studios" title="Amazon MGM Studios">Amazon MGM Studios</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_Pictures" title="Orion Pictures">Orion Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_International_Pictures" title="American International Pictures">American International Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM%2B" title="MGM+">MGM+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kindle Direct Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YES_Network" title="YES Network">YES Network</a> (15%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fresh" title="Amazon Fresh">Amazon Fresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Go" title="Amazon Go">Amazon Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Logistics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Air" title="Amazon Air">Amazon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Air" title="Amazon Prime Air">Amazon Prime Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/43_Things" title="43 Things">43 Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Askville" title="Askville">Askville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amapedia" title="Amapedia">Amapedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Books" title="Amazon Books">Amazon Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amie_Street" title="Amie Street">Amie Street</a> (<a href="/wiki/Songza" title="Songza">Songza</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDNow" title="CDNow">CDNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Dash" title="Amazon Dash">Dash buttons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Dash#Barcode_scanner" title="Amazon Dash">Dash wand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diapers.com" title="Diapers.com">Diapers.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Photography_Review" title="Digital Photography Review">Digital Photography Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Drive" title="Amazon Drive">Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endless.com" 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Essential_Workers" title="Congress of Essential Workers">Congress of Essential Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Labor_Union" title="Amazon Labor Union">Amazon Labor Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_worker_organization" title="Amazon worker organization">Amazon worker organization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Teamsters_Amazon_Strike" title="2024 Teamsters Amazon Strike">2024 strike</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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