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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_various_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_various_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>In various media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_various_media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In various media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_various_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Anime_and_manga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anime_and_manga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Anime and manga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anime_and_manga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Video games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Toys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tabletop_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabletop_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Tabletop games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabletop_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Real_mecha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Real_mecha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Real mecha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Real_mecha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mecha</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_(%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A9)" title="ميكا (آلة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميكا (آلة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha_(rob%C3%B3)" title="Mecha (robó) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mecha (robó)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meca_(robot)" title="Meca (robot) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Meca (robot)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mech" title="Mech – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mech" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha_(ciencia_ficci%C3%B3n)" title="Mecha (ciencia ficción) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mecha (ciencia ficción)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%A5ao" title="Meĥao – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Meĥao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7_(%D8%B3%D8%A8%DA%A9)" title="مکا (سبک) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مکا (سبک)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha_(robot)" title="Mecha (robot) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mecha (robot)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%B9%B4_(%EC%9A%A9%EC%96%B4)" title="메카 (용어) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메카 (용어)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80)" title="मेका (विज्ञान कथा शैली) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मेका (विज्ञान कथा शैली)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meka" title="Meka – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Meka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%94_(%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%95%D7%98)" title="מכה (רובוט) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מכה (רובוט)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5)" title="Меха (манга и аниме) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Меха (манга и аниме)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%AB" title="メカ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85_(%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Мех (бронетехника) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мех (бронетехника)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2" title="เมคา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เมคา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meka" title="Meka – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Meka" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Меха – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Меха" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mecha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E7%94%B2" title="機甲 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="機甲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E7%94%B2" title="机甲 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="机甲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the term used in science fiction, video games, anime, and manga. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Mecha_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mecha (disambiguation)">Mecha (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Giant robot" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Giant_Robot_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Giant Robot (disambiguation)">Giant Robot (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mech" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Mech_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mech (disambiguation)">Mech (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBMaker_Faire_Tokyo_2012_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBMaker_Faire_Tokyo_2012_%281%29.jpg/250px-%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBMaker_Faire_Tokyo_2012_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBMaker_Faire_Tokyo_2012_%281%29.jpg/330px-%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBMaker_Faire_Tokyo_2012_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBMaker_Faire_Tokyo_2012_%281%29.jpg/500px-%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BBMaker_Faire_Tokyo_2012_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Kuratas" title="Kuratas">Kuratas</a>, a mecha made by <a href="/wiki/Suidobashi_Heavy_Industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Suidobashi Heavy Industry">Suidobashi Heavy Industry</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Maker_Faire" title="Maker Faire">Maker Faire</a> <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> (2012)</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a>, <b>mecha</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">メカ</span>, <a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a>: <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">meka</i></span>)</span> or <b>mechs</b> are giant robots or machines, typically depicted as piloted, <a href="/wiki/Humanoid" title="Humanoid">humanoid</a> walking vehicles. The term was first used in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese (language)">Japanese</a> after shortening the English loanword <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mechanism" class="extiw" title="wikt:mechanism">'mechanism'</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">メカニズム</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">mekanizumu</i></span>)</span> or <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mechanical" class="extiw" title="wikt:mechanical">'mechanical'</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">メカニカル</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">mekanikaru</i></span>)</span>, but the meaning in Japanese is more inclusive, and 'robot'<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">ロボット</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">robotto</i></span>)</span> or 'giant robot' is the narrower term. </p><p>Fictional mecha vary greatly in size and shape, but are distinguished from <a href="/wiki/Vehicle" title="Vehicle">vehicles</a> by their biomorphic appearance, and are often much larger than human beings. Different <a href="/wiki/Genre#Subgenre" title="Genre">subgenres</a> exist, with varying connotations of realism. The concept of <a href="/wiki/Super_Robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Robot">Super Robot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Real_Robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Robot">Real Robot</a> are two such examples found in Japanese <a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">anime</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manga" title="Manga">manga</a>. </p><p>Real-world piloted humanoid or non-humanoid <a href="/wiki/Robot_locomotion" title="Robot locomotion">robotic platforms</a>, existing or planned, may also be called "mecha". In Japanese, "mecha" may refer to mobile machinery or vehicles (including aircraft) in general, piloted or <a href="/wiki/Mobile_robot" title="Mobile robot">otherwise</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>'Mecha' is an abbreviation, first used in Japanese, of 'mechanical'. In Japanese, mecha encompasses all mechanical objects, including <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">cars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Firearm" title="Firearm">guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Computers">computers</a>, and other devices, and 'robot' or 'giant robot' is used to distinguish limbed vehicles from other mechanical devices.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It has also become associated with large humanoid machines with limbs or other biological characteristics. Mecha differ from robots in that they are piloted from a <a href="/wiki/Cockpit" title="Cockpit">cockpit</a>, typically located in the chest or head of the mech.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the distinction is often hazy, mecha typically does not refer to form-fitting <a href="/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">powered armor</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Iron_Man" title="Iron Man">Iron Man</a>'s suit. They are usually much larger than the wearer, like Iron Man's enemy the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Monger" title="Iron Monger">Iron Monger</a>, or the mobile suits depicted in the <i><a href="/wiki/Gundam" title="Gundam">Gundam</a></i> franchise. </p><p>In most cases, mecha are depicted as fighting machines, whose appeal comes from the combination of potent weaponry with a more stylish combat technique than a mere vehicle. Often, they are the primary means of combat, with conflicts sometimes being decided through <a href="/wiki/Gladiator" title="Gladiator">gladiatorial matches</a>. Other works represent mecha as one component of an integrated <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> force, supported by and fighting alongside <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircraft</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a>. The applications often highlight the theoretical usefulness of such a device. Combining a tank's resilience and firepower with infantry's ability to cross unstable terrain. In some continuities, special scenarios are constructed to make mecha more viable than current-day status. For example, in Gundam the fictional Minovsky particle inhibits the use of radar, making long-range ballistic strikes impractical, thus favouring relatively close-range warfare of Mobile Suits.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, some stories, such as the manga/anime franchise <i><a href="/wiki/Patlabor" title="Patlabor">Patlabor</a></i> and the American wargame <i><a href="/wiki/BattleTech" title="BattleTech">BattleTech</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">universe</a>, also encompass mecha used for civilian purposes, such as heavy construction work, <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a> functions, or <a href="/wiki/Firefighting" title="Firefighting">firefighting</a>. Mecha also have roles as transporters, recreation, advanced <a href="/wiki/Hazmat_suit" title="Hazmat suit">hazmat suits</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> applications. </p><p>Mecha have been used in fantasy settings, for example in the anime series <i><a href="/wiki/Aura_Battler_Dunbine" title="Aura Battler Dunbine">Aura Battler Dunbine</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vision_of_Escaflowne" title="The Vision of Escaflowne">The Vision of Escaflowne</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Panzer_World_Galient" title="Panzer World Galient">Panzer World Galient</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Maze_(anime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maze (anime)">Maze</a></i>. In those cases, the mecha designs are usually based on some alternative or "lost" science-fiction technology from ancient times. In case of anime series <i><a href="/wiki/Zoids" title="Zoids">Zoids</a></i>, the machines resemble dinosaurs and animals, and have been shown to <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">evolve</a> from native metallic organisms.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A chicken walker is a <a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_robots_and_androids" title="List of fictional robots and androids">fictional</a> type of bipedal <a href="/wiki/Robot" title="Robot">robot</a> or mecha, distinguished by its rear-facing <a href="/wiki/Knee_joint" class="mw-redirect" title="Knee joint">knee joint</a>. This type of articulation resembles a <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">bird</a>'s legs, hence the name.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, birds actually have forward-facing knees; they are <a href="/wiki/Digitigrade" title="Digitigrade">digitigrade</a>, and what most call the "knee" is actually the ankle.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_history">Early history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1868 <a href="/wiki/Edward_S._Ellis" title="Edward S. Ellis">Edward S. Ellis</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Steam_Man_of_the_Prairies" title="The Steam Man of the Prairies">The Steam Man of the Prairies</a></i> featured a steam-powered, back-piloted, mechanical man. The 1880 <a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne" title="Jules Verne">Jules Verne</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Steam_House" title="The Steam House">The Steam House</a></i> (<i>La Maison à Vapeur</i>) featured a steam-powered, piloted, mechanical elephant. One of the first appearances of such machines in modern literature was the <a href="/wiki/Fighting_machine_(The_War_of_the_Worlds)" title="Fighting machine (The War of the Worlds)">tripod</a> (or "fighting-machine", as they are known in the novel) of <a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">H. G. Wells</a>' famous <i><a href="/wiki/The_War_of_the_Worlds_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="The War of the Worlds (novel)">The War of the Worlds</a></i> (1897). The novel does not contain a fully detailed description of the tripods' mode of <a href="/wiki/Motion_(physics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion (physics)">locomotion</a>, but it is hinted at: "Can you imagine a milking stool tilted and bowled violently along the ground? That was the impression those instant flashes gave. But instead of a milking stool, imagine it a great body of machinery on a tripod stand." </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cgon_Bat" class="mw-redirect" title="Ōgon Bat">Ōgon Bat</a></i>, a <i><a href="/wiki/Kamishibai" title="Kamishibai">kamishibai</a></i> that debuted in 1931 (later adapted into an anime in 1967), featured the first piloted humanoid giant robot, Dai Ningen Tanku<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">大人間タンク</span></span>)</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-Ningen_Tanku_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ningen_Tanku-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but as an enemy rather than a protagonist. In 1934, Gajo Sakamoto launched <a href="/wiki/Tank_Tankuro" title="Tank Tankuro">Tank Tankuro</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">タンクタンクロー</span></span>)</span> on a metal creature that becomes a battle machine.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first humanoid giant robot piloted by the protagonist appeared in the manga <i>Atomic Power Android</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">原子力人造人間</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Genshi Ryoku Jinzō Ningen</i></span>)</span> in 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-ndl_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ndl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The manga and anime <i><a href="/wiki/Tetsujin_28-Go" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetsujin 28-Go">Tetsujin 28-Go</a></i>, introduced in 1956, featured a robot, Tetsujin, that was controlled externally by an operator by remote control. The manga and anime <i><a href="/wiki/Astro_Boy" title="Astro Boy">Astro Boy</a></i>, introduced in 1952, with its humanoid robot protagonist, was a key influence on the development of the giant robot genre in Japan. The first anime featuring a giant mecha being piloted by the protagonist from within a cockpit was the <a href="/wiki/Super_Robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Robot">Super Robot</a> show <i><a href="/wiki/Mazinger_Z" title="Mazinger Z">Mazinger Z</a></i>, written by <a href="/wiki/Go_Nagai" title="Go Nagai">Go Nagai</a> and introduced in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-Gilson_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gilson-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Mazinger Z</i> introduced the notion of mecha as pilotable war machines, rather than remote-controlled robots. Ken Ishikawa and Go Nagai, later, introduced the concept of 'combination' (<span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">gattai</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">合体</span></span>)</span>), where several units slot together to form a <a href="/wiki/Super_robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Super robot">super robot</a>, with <i><a href="/wiki/Getter_Robo" title="Getter Robo">Getter Robo</a></i> (1974 debut).<sup id="cite_ref-Clements_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clements-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An early use of mech-like machines outside Japan is found in "The Invisible Empire", a <i>Federal Men</i>'s story arc by <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Siegel" title="Jerry Siegel">Jerry Siegel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Shuster" title="Joe Shuster">Joe Shuster</a> (serialized 1936 in <a href="/wiki/Adventure_Comics" title="Adventure Comics">New Comics</a> #8–10).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other examples include the Mexican comic <i>Invictus</i> by Leonel Guillermo Prieto and Victaleno León; the Brazilian comic <i>Audaz, o demolidor</i>, by Álvaro "Aruom" Moura and <a href="/wiki/Messias_de_Mello" title="Messias de Mello">Messias de Mello</a> (1938–1949), inspired by <i>Invictus</i>, created for the supplement <i>A Gazetinha</i> from the newspaper <i>A Gazeta</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kimball Kinnison's <a href="/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">battle suit</a> in <a href="/wiki/E._E._Smith" title="E. E. Smith">E. E. "Doc" Smith's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Lensman_series" title="Lensman series">Lensman</a></i> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Galactic_Patrol" title="Galactic Patrol">Galactic Patrol</a></i> (1950);<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the French animated film <i><a href="/wiki/The_King_and_the_Mockingbird" title="The King and the Mockingbird">The King and the Mockingbird</a></i> (first released 1952),<sup id="cite_ref-comm_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-comm-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Heinlein" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Heinlein">Robert Heinlein</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Remote_manipulator" title="Remote manipulator">waldo</a> in his 1942 short story, "<a href="/wiki/Waldo_(short_story)" title="Waldo (short story)">Waldo</a>" and the Mobile Infantry battle suits in Heinlein's <i><a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers" title="Starship Troopers">Starship Troopers</a></i> (1958).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A transforming mech can transform between a standard vehicle (such as a fighter plane or transport truck) and a fighting mecha robot. This concept of transforming mecha was pioneered by Japanese mecha designer <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dji_Kawamori" title="Shōji Kawamori">Shōji Kawamori</a> in the early 1980s, when he created the <a href="/wiki/Diaclone" title="Diaclone">Diaclone</a> toy line in 1980 and then the <i><a href="/wiki/Macross" title="Macross">Macross</a></i> anime franchise in 1982. In North America, the <i>Macross</i> franchise was adapted into the <i><a href="/wiki/Robotech" title="Robotech">Robotech</a></i> franchise in 1985, and then the Diaclone toy line was adapted into the <i><a href="/wiki/Transformers" title="Transformers">Transformers</a></i> franchise in 1986. Some of Kawamori's most iconic transforming mecha designs include the <a href="/wiki/VF-1_Valkyrie" title="VF-1 Valkyrie">VF-1 Valkyrie</a> from the <i>Macross</i> and <i>Robotech</i> franchises, and <a href="/wiki/Optimus_Prime" title="Optimus Prime">Optimus Prime</a> (called Convoy in Japan) from the <i>Transformers</i> and <i>Diaclone</i> franchises.<sup id="cite_ref-Forbes_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forbes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_various_media">In various media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In various media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-In_popular_culture plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_an_indiscriminate_collection_of_information" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">irrelevant</a> references to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trivia_sections#"In_popular_culture"_and_"Cultural_references"_material" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trivia sections">popular culture</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help Wikipedia to <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit">improve this article</a> by removing the content or adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">independent sources</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anime_and_manga">Anime and manga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Anime and manga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Mecha anime and manga</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RX-78-2_Gundam_illustration.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d6/RX-78-2_Gundam_illustration.gif/220px-RX-78-2_Gundam_illustration.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d6/RX-78-2_Gundam_illustration.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="377" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/RX-78-2_Gundam" class="mw-redirect" title="RX-78-2 Gundam">RX-78-2 Gundam</a>, introduced in <i><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Suit_Gundam" title="Mobile Suit Gundam">Mobile Suit Gundam</a></i> (1979), the first <i><a href="/wiki/Gundam" title="Gundam">Gundam</a></i> anime. It was the first real robot, in contrast to the super robots in earlier anime.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Japan, "robot anime" (known as "mecha anime" outside Japan) is one of the oldest genres in anime.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Robot anime is often tied in with toy manufacturers. Large franchises such as <i>Gundam</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Macross" title="Macross">Macross</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Transformers" title="Transformers">Transformers</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Zoids" title="Zoids">Zoids</a></i> have hundreds of different model kits. </p><p>The size of mecha can vary according to the story and concepts involved. Some of them may not be considerably taller than a tank (<i><a href="/wiki/Armored_Trooper_Votoms" title="Armored Trooper Votoms">Armored Trooper Votoms</a></i>,<i><a href="/wiki/Yatterman" title="Yatterman">Yatterman</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Megazone_23" title="Megazone 23">Megazone 23</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Code_Geass" title="Code Geass">Code Geass</a></i>), some may be a few stories tall (<i><a href="/wiki/Gundam" title="Gundam">Gundam</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Escaflowne" class="mw-redirect" title="Escaflowne">Escaflowne</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bismark_(anime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bismark (anime)">Bismark</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gurren_Lagann" title="Gurren Lagann">Gurren Lagann</a></i>), others can be titan sized as tall as a <a href="/wiki/Skyscraper" title="Skyscraper">skyscraper</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Space_Runaway_Ideon" title="Space Runaway Ideon">Space Runaway Ideon</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Genesis_of_Aquarion" title="Genesis of Aquarion">Genesis of Aquarion</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Science_Ninja_Team_Gatchaman" title="Science Ninja Team Gatchaman">Science Ninja Team Gatchaman</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Neon_Genesis_Evangelion" title="Neon Genesis Evangelion">Neon Genesis Evangelion</a></i>), some are big enough to contain an entire city (<i><a href="/wiki/Macross" title="Macross">Macross</a></i>), some the size of a planet (<i><a href="/wiki/Diebuster" title="Diebuster">Diebuster</a></i>), galaxies (<i><a href="/wiki/Getter_Robo" title="Getter Robo">Getter Robo</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gurren_Lagann" title="Gurren Lagann">Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann</a></i>), or even as large as universes (<i><a href="/wiki/Gurren_Lagann#Anime_films" title="Gurren Lagann">Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann: Lagann-hen</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Demonbane" title="Demonbane">Demonbane</a></i>, <i>Transformers: Alternity</i>). </p><p>The first titan robots seen were in the 1948 manga <i>Atomic Power Android</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">原子力人造人間</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Genshiryoku Jinzō Ningen</i></span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-ndl_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ndl-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Mitsuteru Yokoyama's 1956 manga <i><a href="/wiki/Tetsujin_28-go" title="Tetsujin 28-go">Tetsujin 28-go</a></i>. However, it was not until the advent of <a href="/wiki/Go_Nagai" title="Go Nagai">Go Nagai</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Mazinger_Z" title="Mazinger Z">Mazinger Z</a></i> that the genre was established. <i>Mazinger Z</i> innovated by adding the inclusion of futuristic weapons, and the concept of being able to pilot from a cockpit<sup id="cite_ref-Gilson_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gilson-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (rather than via remote control, in the case of Tetsujin). According to Go Nagai: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>I wanted to create something different, and I thought it would be interesting to have a robot that you could drive, like a car.</i><sup id="cite_ref-Gilson_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gilson-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><i>Mazinger Z</i> featured giant robots that were "piloted by means of a small flying car and command center that docked inside the head."<sup id="cite_ref-Gilson_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gilson-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also a pioneer in <a href="/wiki/Die-cast_toy" title="Die-cast toy">die-cast metal toys</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Chogokin" title="Chogokin">Chogokin</a> series in Japan and the <a href="/wiki/Shogun_Warriors_(toys)" title="Shogun Warriors (toys)">Shogun Warriors</a> in the U.S., that were (and still are) very popular with children and collectors. </p><p>Robot/mecha anime and manga differ vastly in storytelling and animation quality from title to title, and content ranges from children's shows to ones intended for an older teen or adult audience. </p><p>Some of the first mecha featured in manga and anime were <a href="/wiki/Super_robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Super robot">super robots</a>. The super robot genre features <a href="/wiki/Superhero" title="Superhero">superhero</a>-like giant robots that are often one-of-a-kind and the product of an ancient civilization, aliens or a <a href="/wiki/Mad_scientist" title="Mad scientist">mad genius</a>. These robots are usually piloted by Japanese <a href="/wiki/Teenager" class="mw-redirect" title="Teenager">teenagers</a> via <a href="/wiki/Voice_command" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice command">voice command</a> or <a href="/wiki/Brain-computer_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain-computer interface">neural uplink</a>, and are often powered by mystical or exotic energy sources.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The later real robot genre features robots that do not have mythical superpowers, but rather use largely conventional, albeit futuristic weapons and power sources, and are often mass-produced on a large scale for use in wars.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The real robot genre also tends to feature more complex characters with moral conflicts and personal problems.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genre is therefore aimed primarily at young adults instead of children.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Suit_Gundam" title="Mobile Suit Gundam">Mobile Suit Gundam</a></i> (1979) is largely considered the first series to introduce the real robot concept and, along with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Super_Dimension_Fortress_Macross" class="mw-redirect" title="The Super Dimension Fortress Macross">The Super Dimension Fortress Macross</a></i> (1982), would form the basis of what people would later call real robot anime.<sup id="cite_ref-ACG_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ACG-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some robot mecha are capable of transformation (<i>Macross</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Suit_Zeta_Gundam" title="Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam">Zeta Gundam</a></i>) or combining to form even bigger ones (<i><a href="/wiki/Beast_King_GoLion" title="Beast King GoLion">Beast King GoLion</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Tengen_Toppa_Gurren_Lagann" class="mw-redirect" title="Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann">Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann</a></i>), the latter called 'combination'. <a href="/wiki/Go_Nagai" title="Go Nagai">Go Nagai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Ishikawa" title="Ken Ishikawa">Ken Ishikawa</a> are often credited with inventing this in 1974 with <i>Getter Robo</i>. </p><p>Not all mecha need to be completely mechanical. Some have biological components with which to interface with their pilots, and some are partially biological themselves, such as in <i><a href="/wiki/Neon_Genesis_Evangelion" title="Neon Genesis Evangelion">Neon Genesis Evangelion</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Eureka_Seven" title="Eureka Seven">Eureka Seven</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Zoids" title="Zoids">Zoids</a></i>. </p><p>Mecha based on anime have seen extreme cultural reception across the world. The personification of this popularity can be seen as 1:1-sized <i>Mazinger Z</i>, Tetsujin, and Gundam statues built across the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:All_Terrain_Armored_Transport_in_Star_Wars.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0f/All_Terrain_Armored_Transport_in_Star_Wars.JPG/330px-All_Terrain_Armored_Transport_in_Star_Wars.JPG" decoding="async" width="330" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0f/All_Terrain_Armored_Transport_in_Star_Wars.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="196" /></a><figcaption>Imperial AT-AT walkers during the Battle of Hoth in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a></i>, the second film of the <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_original_trilogy" title="Star Wars original trilogy">original <i>Star Wars</i> trilogy</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>In the <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)" title="Godzilla (franchise)">Godzilla franchise</a> the monster <a href="/wiki/Mechagodzilla" title="Mechagodzilla">Mechagodzilla</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Toho" title="Toho">Toho</a> is an Alien Monster that first appeared in the 1974 film <i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Mechagodzilla" title="Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla">Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla</a></i>, in subsequent iterations, he was used as a weapon built by the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Self-Defense_Forces" title="Japan Self-Defense Forces">Japan Self-Defense Forces</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_Against_Mechagodzilla" title="Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla">Kiryu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Mechagodzilla_II" title="Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II">Super Mechagodzilla</a> (which was actually built by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, along with the JSDF). In the <a href="/wiki/MonsterVerse" class="mw-redirect" title="MonsterVerse">MonsterVerse</a>, he was built by Apex Cybernetics to destroy <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Kong" title="Godzilla vs. Kong">Godzilla and King Kong</a>. with its consciousness taken over by that of <a href="/wiki/King_Ghidorah" title="King Ghidorah">Ghidorah</a>. Mechagodzilla is one of Toho's big 5 <a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">kaijus</a>.</li> <li>Also in the Godzilla franchise, there is a <a href="/wiki/King_Ghidorah" title="King Ghidorah">Mecha-King Ghidorah</a> that travels from 2204 to 1992 to kill <a href="/wiki/Godzilla" title="Godzilla">Godzilla</a>. Also, there is a reimagining of a mech from <a href="/wiki/The_Mysterians" title="The Mysterians">The Mysterians</a>, which appears in <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_vs._SpaceGodzilla" title="Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla">Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla</a> and his name is <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_vs._SpaceGodzilla" title="Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla">M.O.G.U.E.R.A.</a> which was meant to help <a href="/wiki/Godzilla" title="Godzilla">Godzilla</a> battle <a href="/wiki/SpaceGodzilla" title="SpaceGodzilla">SpaceGodzilla</a> and is also built by the United Nations.</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> multimedia franchise features several <a href="/wiki/Walker_(Star_Wars)" title="Walker (Star Wars)">walker</a> types, such as the AT-AT and AT-ST.</li> <li>The film <i><a href="/wiki/Robot_Jox" title="Robot Jox">Robot Jox</a></i> is based around gladiatorial combat between giant mecha.</li> <li>In the 1986 film <i><a href="/wiki/Aliens_(film)" title="Aliens (film)">Aliens</a></i>, Ripley uses a Caterpillar P-5000 Work Loader to fight the alien Queen.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sentinel_2099" title="Sentinel 2099">Sentinel 2099</a></i>, a 1995 film, features a 40 foot tall walking tank called a Sentinel unit. They are used to combat an alien race known as the Zisk.</li> <li>In the 1999 film <i><a href="/wiki/Wild_Wild_West" title="Wild Wild West">Wild Wild West</a></i>, Dr. Loveless attempts to use an eight-storey tall, steam-powered, walking spider to conquer a post-<a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> United States.</li> <li>In the 2001 film <i><a href="/wiki/A.I._Artificial_Intelligence" title="A.I. Artificial Intelligence">AI: Artificial Intelligence</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a>, the term mecha refers to an advanced humanoid robot species featured in the film.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Matrix_Revolutions" title="The Matrix Revolutions">The Matrix Revolutions</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_characters_in_the_Matrix_series#Captain_Mifune" class="mw-redirect" title="List of minor characters in the Matrix series">Captain Mifune</a> leads the human defense of Zion, piloting open-cockpit mecha called APUs, against invading Sentinels.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a>'s 2009 film <i><a href="/wiki/Avatar_(2009_film)" title="Avatar (2009 film)">Avatar</a></i>, mecha called Amplified Mobility Platforms (AMPs) are used as instruments of war.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Shane_Acker" title="Shane Acker">Shane Acker</a>'s 2009 animated film <i><a href="/wiki/9_(2009_animated_film)" title="9 (2009 animated film)">9</a></i>, giant walking war machines called Steel Behemoths were created by the Fabrication Machine to destroy all life on Earth.</li> <li>A heavily weaponized <a href="/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">powered exoskeleton</a> that envelops the operator is featured in the 2009 film <i><a href="/wiki/District_9" title="District 9">District 9</a></i>, and aptly named the <i>Exo-suit</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a>'s 2013 film <i><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim_(film)" title="Pacific Rim (film)">Pacific Rim</a></i> focuses on a war between humans who pilot massive mechas known as <i>Jaegers</i> and <a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a> monsters that emerge from the Pacific Ocean. In the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim:_Uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Rim: Uprising">second film</a> the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> technology company, Shao Industries creates Kaiju-Jaeger Hybrids such as Obsidian Fury and the Drone Jaegers.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Spider-Man_2" title="The Amazing Spider-Man 2">The Amazing Spider-Man 2</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Rhino_(character)" title="Rhino (character)">Rhino</a> uses a one-person mecha suit that possesses super strength and defense.</li> <li>In the film <i><a href="/wiki/Iron_Man_(2008_film)" title="Iron Man (2008 film)">Iron Man</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Monger" title="Iron Monger">Iron Monger</a>, a powered exoskeleton suit operated by Obadiah Stane, is another example of mecha.</li> <li>In the final scenes of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lego_Movie" title="The Lego Movie">The Lego Movie</a></i>, the main protagonist Emmet creates a giant construction mech made of yellow Lego pieces which he pilots to fight in the final battle against Lord Business' forces.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Avengers:_Age_of_Ultron" title="Avengers: Age of Ultron">Avengers: Age of Ultron</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Stark_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" title="Tony Stark (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Iron Man</a> uses a mecha named the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Man%27s_armor_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)#Hulkbuster_armor" title="Iron Man's armor (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Hulkbuster</a> to fight the <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Banner_(Marvel_Cinematic_Universe)" title="Bruce Banner (Marvel Cinematic Universe)">Hulk</a>.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(2024_film)" title="Atlas (2024 film)">Atlas</a></i>, ICN Rangers and Atlas Shepherd are equipped with mecha.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_games">Video games</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Video games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Strike_Suit_Zero_-_Screenshot_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Strike_Suit_Zero_-_Screenshot_01.jpg/330px-Strike_Suit_Zero_-_Screenshot_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Strike_Suit_Zero_-_Screenshot_01.jpg/500px-Strike_Suit_Zero_-_Screenshot_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Strike_Suit_Zero_-_Screenshot_01.jpg/960px-Strike_Suit_Zero_-_Screenshot_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Strike_Suit_Zero" title="Strike Suit Zero">Strike Suit Zero</a></i> is a 2013 space combat video game featuring mecha designs by Junji Okubo.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gearhead_rpg_01.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gearhead_rpg_01.png/250px-Gearhead_rpg_01.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gearhead_rpg_01.png/330px-Gearhead_rpg_01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gearhead_rpg_01.png/500px-Gearhead_rpg_01.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Mecha selection menu in the <a href="/wiki/Roguelike" title="Roguelike">roguelike</a>, <i>GearHead RPG</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Mecha are often featured in computer and console <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a>. Because of their size and fictional power, mecha are quite popular subjects for games, both tabletop and electronic. They have been featured in video games since the 1980s, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Vehicular_combat_game" title="Vehicular combat game">vehicular combat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shooter_game" title="Shooter game">shooter games</a>, including Sesame Japan's <a href="/wiki/Side-scrolling_shooter" class="mw-redirect" title="Side-scrolling shooter">side-scrolling shooter</a> game <i><a href="/wiki/Vastar" title="Vastar">Vastar</a></i> in 1983,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> various <a href="/wiki/List_of_Gundam_video_games" title="List of Gundam video games"><i>Gundam</i> games</a> such as <i><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Suit_Gundam:_Last_Shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile Suit Gundam: Last Shooting">Mobile Suit Gundam: Last Shooting</a></i> in 1984 and <i><a href="/wiki/Kid%C5%8D_Senshi_Z-Gundam:_Hot_Scramble" class="mw-redirect" title="Kidō Senshi Z-Gundam: Hot Scramble">Z-Gundam: Hot Scramble</a></i> in 1986,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Run_and_gun_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Run and gun (video game)">run and gun</a> shooters <i><a href="/wiki/Shoot_%27em_up#Golden_age_and_refinement_(late_1970s_to_early_1980s)" title="Shoot 'em up">Hover Attack</a></i> in 1984 and <i><a href="/wiki/Thexder" title="Thexder">Thexder</a></i> in 1985, and <a href="/wiki/Arsys_Software" title="Arsys Software">Arsys Software</a>'s <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D</a> <a href="/wiki/Role-playing_shooters" class="mw-redirect" title="Role-playing shooters">role-playing shooters</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Wibarm" class="mw-redirect" title="Wibarm">WiBArm</a></i> in 1986 and <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Cruiser_(1988_video_game)" title="Star Cruiser (1988 video game)">Star Cruiser</a></i> in 1988. Historically mecha-based games have been more popular in Japan than in other countries.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metal_Gear" title="Metal Gear"><i>Metal Gear</i> series</a> (1987 – 2018) by <a href="/wiki/Hideo_Kojima" title="Hideo Kojima">Hideo Kojima</a>, includes mecha as part of its main premise. The series takes place during the modern day and near future, and the prototype nuclear-capable bipedal tanks called <a href="/wiki/Metal_Gear_(weapon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal Gear (weapon)">Metal Gears</a> are a recurring element.</li> <li>A popular classic of mecha in games is the <i><a href="/wiki/MechWarrior" title="MechWarrior">MechWarrior</a></i> series (1989 – 2021) of video games, which takes place in the <i><a href="/wiki/Battletech" class="mw-redirect" title="Battletech">Battletech</a></i> universe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_Systems" title="Intelligent Systems">Intelligent Systems</a>-developed and <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>-published games that feature mecha include <i><a href="/wiki/Battle_Clash" title="Battle Clash">Battle Clash</a></i> (1992) and <i><a href="/wiki/Metal_Combat:_Falcon%27s_Revenge" title="Metal Combat: Falcon's Revenge">Metal Combat: Falcon's Revenge</a></i> (1993), a single-player mecha-themed shooter series with <a href="/wiki/Real_robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Real robot">real robot</a>-style. All battles are fought with mechas called Standing Tanks (ST).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Must_Fall" title="One Must Fall">One Must Fall</a></i> (1994 – 2003) is a series of mecha <a href="/wiki/Fighting_game" title="Fighting game">fighting games</a> developed by Diversions Entertainment wherein the stats of the player's mech vary based on the selected pilot, allowing for a large range of customization. It is the earliest fighting game to feature an all-mech roster.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capcom" title="Capcom">Capcom</a>'s arcade <a href="/wiki/Beat_%27em_up" title="Beat 'em up">beat 'em up</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Armored_Warriors" title="Armored Warriors">Armored Warriors</a></i> (1994) and followup fighting game <i><a href="/wiki/Cyberbots:_Full_Metal_Madness" title="Cyberbots: Full Metal Madness">Cyberbots: Full Metal Madness</a></i> (1995) feature mechs known as "Variant Armor" which the player can customize by mixing and matching a selection of limb and weaponry options. The latter game also has the player choose a pilot for the mech from a lineup of characters, though this only impacts the game's story mode and not gameplay.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_(video_game_company)" title="Square (video game company)">Squaresoft</a>-developed games that feature mecha include <i><a href="/wiki/Front_Mission" title="Front Mission">Front Mission</a></i> (1995 – 2019), a turn-based tactical series of games with <a href="/wiki/Real_robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Real robot">real robot</a>-style mecha utilized by near future military forces. <i><a href="/wiki/Xenogears" title="Xenogears">Xenogears</a></i> (1998) also used mecha, called Gears, as a main aspect of the story, and the series continues the use of mecha with the <a href="/wiki/Monolith_Soft" title="Monolith Soft">Monolith Soft</a>-developed <i><a href="/wiki/Xenoblade_Chronicles" title="Xenoblade Chronicles">Xenoblade Chronicles</a></i> series (2010 – ).</li> <li>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Virtual-On" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual-On">Virtual-On</a></i> (1996 – 2018) fighting game series, players assume control of humanoid mecha named Virtuaroids.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Armored_Core" title="Armored Core">Armored Core</a></i> (1997 – ) is a fast-paced action mecha series developed by <a href="/wiki/FromSoftware" title="FromSoftware">FromSoftware</a>, set in the distant post apocalyptic futures where mechas called "Armored Core" pilot by mercenaries are the dominant forces on the battlefield. Armored Core games have a wide selection in customizations with the first entry in the series <a href="/wiki/Armored_Core_(video_game)" title="Armored Core (video game)">Armored Core (video game)</a> being as one of the early few 3D mecha games that introduced extensive customizations to the mechas in-game.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tech_Romancer" title="Tech Romancer">Tech Romancer</a></i> (1998) is an arena fighting game with a roster of playable mechs and corresponding pilots. The game heavily spoofs mecha anime, with designs paying homage to several influential series of the genre and a highly stylized presentation meant to emulate a mecha TV show. It is the second Capcom fighting game to revolve around mecha, following <i>Cyberbots.</i></li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/StarCraft" title="StarCraft">StarCraft</a></i> series (1998 – 2017)<i>,</i> two of the fictional races (Terran and Protoss) extensively use walkers. In the first game of the series, each faction had only one walker: Goliath (Terran) and Dragoon (Protoss). As of the latest release, in multiplayer games, Terrans have four different walkers (Viking, Thor, Hellbat, and Widow Mine,) while Protoss have three (Colossus, Stalker, and Immortal.) On the whole there are 18 different Terran walkers and 21 Protoss walkers across the entire franchise.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Monolith_Productions" title="Monolith Productions">Monolith Productions</a> game <i><a href="/wiki/Shogo:_Mobile_Armor_Division" title="Shogo: Mobile Armor Division">Shogo: Mobile Armor Division</a></i> (1998) blended mecha gameplay with that of traditional <a href="/wiki/First-person_shooter" title="First-person shooter">first-person shooter</a> games.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heavy_Gear_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy Gear 2">Heavy Gear 2</a></i> (1999) offers a complex yet semi-realistic control system for its mecha in both <a href="/wiki/Terrain" title="Terrain">terrain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">outer space</a> warfare.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Zone_of_the_Enders" title="Zone of the Enders">Zone of the Enders</a></i> (2001 – 2012) by <a href="/wiki/Hideo_Kojima" title="Hideo Kojima">Hideo Kojima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Real_robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Real robot">real robots</a> called LEVs exist alongside a more <a href="/wiki/Super_robot" class="mw-redirect" title="Super robot">super robot</a>-like mecha type known as the Orbital Frame.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sonic_Adventure_2" title="Sonic Adventure 2">Sonic Adventure 2</a></i> (2001) features Tails and Dr. Eggman in their own mecha suits, the Cyclone and Egg Walker respectively.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Crash" title="Phantom Crash">Phantom Crash</a> (2002) and <a href="/wiki/S.L.A.I.:_Steel_Lancer_Arena_International" title="S.L.A.I.: Steel Lancer Arena International">S.L.A.I.: Steel Lancer Arena International</a> (2005) by <a href="/wiki/Genki_(company)" title="Genki (company)">Genki</a>, are mecha games set in a future where the sport of "rumbling" takes place. In each game the player must climb the ranks of rumbling using a Scoot Vehicle that they have customized and accompanied by an animal intelligence chip.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Mario_Party_5" title="Mario Party 5">Mario Party 5</a></i> (2003), the minigame Mario Mechs features the solo player piloting a big warlike machine while the team of three players pilot smaller scooters.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Battlefield_2142" title="Battlefield 2142">Battlefield 2142</a></i> (2006), walking mechs fight alongside conventional military units such as <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">APCs</a>, and aircraft in the forces of the European Union and Pan-Asian Coalition.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander_(video_game)" title="Supreme Commander (video game)">Supreme Commander</a></i> (2007), all three factions utilize mechs, along with tanks and gunships. The player's Armored Command Unit is one such mech.</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Command_%26_Conquer:_Tiberian_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Command & Conquer: Tiberian series">Command & Conquer: Tiberian series</a></i> franchise (1995 – 2012) features many mechanized walker units. In the last video game of this series, <a href="/wiki/Command_%26_Conquer_4:_Tiberian_Twilight" title="Command & Conquer 4: Tiberian Twilight"><i>Command & Conquer 4</i></a>, walkers have gained such predominance that even command centers walk. (In the prior games, they were stationary buildings.) Titan, Wolverine, and Juggernaut are three of such units that have appeared in four <i>Command & Conquer</i> titles.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/League_of_Legends" title="League of Legends">League of Legends</a></i> (2009), developed by <a href="/wiki/Riot_Games" title="Riot Games">Riot Games</a>, include mecha as part of champion skins, designed as super robots (Mecha Malphite, Mecha Kha Zix, Mecha Aatrox, Mecha Zero Sion, etc.).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hawken_(video_game)" title="Hawken (video game)">Hawken</a></i> (2012) is an online first person shooter in which players can choose from a variety of bipedal mechas with different specializations and abilities.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_Thunder" title="War Thunder">War Thunder</a></i> (2012) held an April Fools event in which players were able to control mecha tanks, comprising multiple tank turrets and various other parts, after destroying a certain number of vehicles in a battle.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halo_4" title="Halo 4">Halo 4</a> (2012) introduced the HRUNTING/YGGDRASIL Mark IX Armor Defense System (or Mantis), which would later reappear in <a href="/wiki/Halo_5:_Guardians" title="Halo 5: Guardians">Halo 5</a> (2015).</li> <li>In <i> <a href="/wiki/Titanfall_(video_game)" title="Titanfall (video game)">Titanfall</a></i> (2014) and <i><a href="/wiki/Titanfall_2" title="Titanfall 2">Titanfall 2</a></i> (2016) from <a href="/wiki/Respawn_Entertainment" title="Respawn Entertainment">Respawn Entertainment</a>, mechas are heavily involved within gameplay and the story.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/War_Robots" title="War Robots">War Robots</a></i> (2014) from Russian developer <a href="/wiki/Pixonic" title="Pixonic">Pixonic</a>, players only can control mechas to fight each other in a 6v6 battlefield.</li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Heroes_of_the_Storm" title="Heroes of the Storm">Heroes of the Storm</a></i> (2015), developed by <a href="/wiki/Blizzard_Entertainment" title="Blizzard Entertainment">Blizzard Entertainment</a>, players can take control of the giant mecha, called "Triglav Protector", as a reward for winning objective on Volskaya Foundry battleground. The mecha is co-piloted by two different players, the first serving as a pilot, and the second serving as a gunner. Each player is given control to a different set of unique abilities.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2018 and June 2019, Blizzard created two "MechaStorm" events for <i>Heroes of the Storm,</i> featuring multiple mecha skins for a number of heroes, as well as other items for the Collection.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A MechaStorm "anime video trailer" was also released, heavily inspired by series such as <i><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Suit_Gundam" title="Mobile Suit Gundam">Mobile Suit Gundam</a>,</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Neon_Genesis_Evangelion" title="Neon Genesis Evangelion">Neon Genesis Evangelion</a>.</i></li> <li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Just_Cause_3" title="Just Cause 3">Just Cause 3</a></i> (2015) and <i><a href="/wiki/Just_Cause_4" title="Just Cause 4">Just Cause 4</a></i> (2018) mecha make an appearance as <a href="/wiki/Downloadable_content" title="Downloadable content">downloadable content</a> in both games where they are owned by fictional in-game factions named the eDen Corporation and The Black Hand respectively. In both games, they are able to be piloted by the player.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Overwatch_(video_game)" title="Overwatch (video game)">Overwatch</a></i> (2016), team shooter from Blizzard Entertainment, includes <a href="/wiki/D.Va" title="D.Va">D.Va</a>, a tank hero who pilots a mecha. Stylized as MEKA (Mobile Exo-Force of the Korean Army), D.Va's mecha provides her primary hero abilities as well as being a driver of her backstory in the game's lore.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wrecking_Ball_(Overwatch)" title="Wrecking Ball (Overwatch)">Wrecking Ball</a> is a tank-class quadrupedal mecha robot driven by a <a href="/wiki/Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">genetically engineered</a> hamster named Hammond. The mecha is armed with automatic assault weapons known as the "quad cannons", and can be transformed into a high-speed "wrecking ball" equipped with a <a href="/wiki/Grappling_hook" title="Grappling hook">grappling hook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brigador" title="Brigador">Brigador</a></i> (2016), an <a href="/wiki/Isometric_projection" title="Isometric projection">isometric</a> <a href="/wiki/Real-time_tactics" title="Real-time tactics">real-time tactical</a> game, features mechas (as well other vehicles, including <a href="/wiki/Tanks" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanks">tanks</a> and flying "antigravs") with loadouts customizable for different objectives.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kirby:_Planet_Robobot" title="Kirby: Planet Robobot">Kirby: Planet Robobot</a></i> (2016) features extensive use of mecha suit known as the Robobot Armor to solve puzzles and fight enemies. Mecha resembling <a href="/wiki/Kirby_(character)" title="Kirby (character)">Kirby</a> with the ability to copy enemy abilities (known as <i>Modes).</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daemon_X_Machina" title="Daemon X Machina">Daemon X Machina</a></i> (2019).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iron_Harvest" title="Iron Harvest">Iron Harvest</a></i> (2020) features many mechs piloted by multiple factions. It is set in the 1920+ <a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">alternate history</a> universe <a href="/wiki/Scythe_(board_game)" title="Scythe (board game)">Scythe</a>, created by <a href="/wiki/Jakub_R%C3%B3%C5%BCalski" title="Jakub Różalski">Jakub Różalski</a>.</li> <li>"<i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Tears_of_the_Kingdom" title="The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom">The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom</a></i> (2023) features a ridable mech which can be unlocked through a main quest.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toys">Toys</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Toys"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bionicle" title="Bionicle">Bionicle</a></i> features many types of mecha sets such as Exo-Toa, Boxor, Nivawk and Skopio XV-1. Most of the story takes place inside Mata Nui, a colossal mecha maintained by its inhabitants.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tabletop_games">Tabletop games</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Tabletop games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In <i><a href="/wiki/Warhammer_40,000" title="Warhammer 40,000">Warhammer 40,000</a></i>, various factions use mecha of a variety of sizes and shapes.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Battletech" class="mw-redirect" title="Battletech">Battletech</a></i> uses hex-maps, miniatures & paper record sheets that allow players to use mecha in tactical situations and record realistic damage.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Christopher" title="John Christopher">John Christopher</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Tripods" title="The Tripods"><i>Tripods</i> saga</a> and its <a href="/wiki/The_Tripods_(TV_series)" title="The Tripods (TV series)">TV series adaptation</a> feature tri-legged walkers used by aliens to keep humanity subjugated.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Mecha_Samurai_Empire_series" title="Mecha Samurai Empire series"><i>Mecha Samurai Empire</i></a> franchise by Peter Tieryas is about a world where the Japanese Empire rules over the United States of Japan with a variety of different mechas. Many of the pilots are trained at the Berkeley Military Academy and their primary enemies are the Nazis and their monstrous biomechs.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_McDonald_(British_author)" title="Ian McDonald (British author)">Ian McDonald</a> <a href="/wiki/Ian_McDonald_bibliography" title="Ian McDonald bibliography">has a short story</a>, "Sanjeev and Robotwallah" (2007), and there is a character named General Robotwallah in the 2010 novel <i><a href="/wiki/For_the_Win" title="For the Win">For the Win</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Cory_Doctorow" title="Cory Doctorow">Cory Doctorow</a>. Here "robot<a href="/wiki/Wallah" title="Wallah">wallah</a>" refers to the pilot of a mecha.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Real_mecha">Real mecha</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Real mecha"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are a few real prototypes of mecha-like vehicles. Currently almost all of these are highly specialized or just for concept purpose, and as such may not see <a href="/wiki/Mass_production" title="Mass production">mass production</a>. Most of these experimental projects were made and first presented in East Asia. </p> <ul><li>In 2012, Suidobashi Heavy Industry unveiled their prototype of a driveable mecha, the <a href="/wiki/Kuratas" title="Kuratas">Kuratas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In December 2016, Korean company Hankook Mirae posted a video featuring a test run of their bi-pedal prototype mecha METHOD-01, designed by Vitaly Bulgarov.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A machine called <a href="/wiki/Land_Walker" title="Land Walker">Land Walker</a> was developed by Sakakibara Kikai with the intention of giving the impression of a bipedal mecha.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2018, Japanese engineer Masaaki Nagumo from Sakakibara Kikai completed construction of a functional bipedal mecha inspired by the <i><a href="/wiki/Gundam" title="Gundam">Gundam</a></i> franchise. The device, standing 8.5 meters tall and weighing about 7 tonnes, possesses fully functional arm and leg servos.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Another <i>Gundam</i>-based mecha, 60 feet tall and with fully functional articulation, was put on exhibit by <a href="/wiki/Gundam_Factory_Yokohama" title="Gundam Factory Yokohama">Gundam Factory Yokohama</a> on December 19, 2020, and was kept on display until March 31, 2024. On October, 23rd, 2024, the remains of the mecha were unveiled at a ceremony on Yumeshima Island, now repurposed as a statue for the upcoming Osaka-Kansai Expo. <sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2023, the Japanese startup Tsubame Industries developed a 4.5-metre-tall four-wheeled robot called ARCHAX.<sup id="cite_ref-Satoshi_Sugiyama_2023_m506_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Satoshi_Sugiyama_2023_m506-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In the Western world, there are few examples of mecha, however, several machines have been constructed by both companies and private figures. </p> <ul><li>In 1813, British engineer <a href="/wiki/William_Brunton" title="William Brunton">William Brunton</a> designed and built a steam locomotive propelled by mechanical legs, called the <a href="/wiki/Steam_Horse" class="mw-redirect" title="Steam Horse">Steam Horse</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/GE_Beetle" title="GE Beetle">GE Beetle</a>, a mobile piloted manipulator for nuclear materials, which entered operation in 1961.</li> <li>In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Timberjack" title="Timberjack">Timberjack</a>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/John_Deere" title="John Deere">John Deere</a>, built a practical <a href="/wiki/Hexapod_(robotics)" title="Hexapod (robotics)">hexapod</a> walking harvester.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2015, <a href="/wiki/MegaBots_Inc." title="MegaBots Inc.">Megabots Inc.</a> completed the MKII "Iron Glory" before challenging Kuratas to a duel. In 2017 they completed the MKIII "Eagle Prime".</li> <li>In 2017, Canadian engineering company, Furrion Exo-Bionics,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unveiled Prosthesis: The Anti-Robot,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> invented by Jonathan Tippett, as the company's flagship prototype mech. It is a 3500 kg, 200 hp, electric powered, 4-legged, all-terrain walking mech intended for use in competitive sport. It is controlled by the human pilot inside via a full-body exo-skeletal interface. In 2020 it was awarded the Guinness World Record as "the world's largest tetrapod exoskeleton".<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/BattleMech" class="mw-redirect" title="BattleMech">BattleMech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuratas" title="Kuratas">Kuratas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MegaBots_Inc." title="MegaBots Inc.">Megabots Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_robot" title="Mobile robot">Mobile robot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">Powered exoskeleton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robot_Romance_Trilogy" class="mw-redirect" title="Robot Romance Trilogy">Robot Romance Trilogy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentry_gun" title="Sentry gun">Sentry gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_vehicle" title="Walking vehicle">Walking vehicle</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-10-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Giant+Bomb&rft.atitle=Mech+%28Object%29+-+Giant+Bomb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.giantbomb.com%2Fmech%2F3055-21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSimmons2002" class="citation book cs1">Simmons, Mark (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49661605"><i>Animerica Gundam official guide</i></a>. Benjamin Wright, Animerica. San Francisco, CA: Viz Communications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56931-739-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-56931-739-9"><bdi>1-56931-739-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/49661605">49661605</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Animerica+Gundam+official+guide&rft.place=San+Francisco%2C+CA&rft.pub=Viz+Communications&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F49661605&rft.isbn=1-56931-739-9&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F49661605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/anime.php?id=1031">"Zoids (TV) - Anime News Network"</a>. <i>www.animenewsnetwork.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.animenewsnetwork.com&rft.atitle=Zoids+%28TV%29+-+Anime+News+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.animenewsnetwork.com%2Fencyclopedia%2Fanime.php%3Fid%3D1031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUeyama2002" class="citation book cs1">Ueyama, Michiro (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/50021886"><i>ZOIDS : chaotic century</i></a>. San Francisco, CA: Viz Comics. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56931-750-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-56931-750-X"><bdi>1-56931-750-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50021886">50021886</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=ZOIDS+%3A+chaotic+century&rft.place=San+Francisco%2C+CA&rft.pub=Viz+Comics&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50021886&rft.isbn=1-56931-750-X&rft.aulast=Ueyama&rft.aufirst=Michiro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F50021886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSlavicsek2000" class="citation book cs1">Slavicsek, Bill (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guidetostarwars00slav/page/14"><i>A Guide to the Star Wars Universe: Third Edition</i></a></span>. Del Rey and Lucas Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guidetostarwars00slav/page/14">14</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-345-42066-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-345-42066-7"><bdi>0-345-42066-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+the+Star+Wars+Universe%3A+Third+Edition&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Del+Rey+and+Lucas+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-345-42066-7&rft.aulast=Slavicsek&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fguidetostarwars00slav%2Fpage%2F14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKochan1994" class="citation book cs1">Kochan, Jack (1994). <i>Feet & Legs</i>. Stackpole Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8117-2515-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8117-2515-4"><bdi>0-8117-2515-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Feet+%26+Legs&rft.pub=Stackpole+Books&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-8117-2515-4&rft.aulast=Kochan&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ningen_Tanku-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ningen_Tanku_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dai Ningen Tanku<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">大人間タンク</span></span>)</span> means Giant Ningen Tanku<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">人間タンク</span></span>)</span> , Ningen Tanku<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">人間タンク</span></span>)</span> is the Japanese title of <a href="/wiki/The_Master_Mystery" title="The Master Mystery">The Master Mystery</a>(1919), and the Japanese name of the <a href="/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">Powered exoskeleton</a> appearing in the film.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/907163?itemId=info%3Andljp%2Fpid%2F907163&__lang=en">"人間タンク : 奇蹟の人"</a>. <i>NDL Digital Collections</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180629155048/http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/907163?itemId=info%3Andljp%2Fpid%2F907163&__lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NDL+Digital+Collections&rft.atitle=%E4%BA%BA%E9%96%93%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF+%3A+%E5%A5%87%E8%B9%9F%E3%81%AE%E4%BA%BA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdl.ndl.go.jp%2Finfo%3Andljp%2Fpid%2F907163%3FitemId%3Dinfo%253Andljp%252Fpid%252F907163%26__lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span>It was a general Japanese phrase meaning "humanoid tank" too.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF井上晴樹2007" class="citation book cs1">井上晴樹 (August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AKjJwuvi7mYC&pg=PA62"><i>日本ロボット戦争記 1939~1945</i></a>. NTT出版. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9784757160149" title="Special:BookSources/9784757160149"><bdi>9784757160149</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702035703/https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=AKjJwuvi7mYC&pg=PA62">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-07-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-07-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9C%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E6%88%A6%E4%BA%89%E8%A8%98+1939~1945&rft.pub=NTT%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88&rft.date=2007-08&rft.isbn=9784757160149&rft.au=%E4%BA%95%E4%B8%8A%E6%99%B4%E6%A8%B9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAKjJwuvi7mYC%26pg%3DPA62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcj.com/preview-tank-tankuro/">"Preview: Tank Tankuro"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Comics_Journal" title="The Comics Journal">The Comics Journal</a></i>. 18 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Comics+Journal&rft.atitle=Preview%3A+Tank+Tankuro&rft.date=2011-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcj.com%2Fpreview-tank-tankuro%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ndl-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ndl_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ndl_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1637344?itemId=info%3Andljp%2Fpid%2F1637344&__lang=en">"原子力人造人間"</a>. <i>NDL Digital Collections</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180325105734/http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1637344?itemId=info%3Andljp%2Fpid%2F1637344&__lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-03-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NDL+Digital+Collections&rft.atitle=%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E4%BA%BA%E9%96%93&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdl.ndl.go.jp%2Finfo%3Andljp%2Fpid%2F1637344%3FitemId%3Dinfo%253Andljp%252Fpid%252F1637344%26__lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gilson-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gilson_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gilson_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gilson_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gilson_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGilson1998" class="citation journal cs1">Gilson, Mark (1998). "A Brief History of Japanese Robophilia". <i>Leonardo</i>. <b>31</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">367–</span>369. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1576597">10.2307/1576597</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1576597">1576597</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191411400">191411400</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Leonardo&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History+of+Japanese+Robophilia&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E367-%3C%2Fspan%3E369&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191411400%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1576597%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1576597&rft.aulast=Gilson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clements-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Clements_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFClements2017" class="citation book cs1">Clements, Jonathan (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dyBdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150"><i>Anime: A History</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">150–</span>1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84457-884-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84457-884-9"><bdi>978-1-84457-884-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anime%3A+A+History&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E150-%3C%2Fspan%3E1&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-84457-884-9&rft.aulast=Clements&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdyBdDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarper2019" class="citation book cs1">Carper, Steve (2019-06-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NXOdDwAAQBAJ&q=Federal+Men+american+robots&pg=PT117"><i>Robots in American Popular Culture</i></a>. McFarland. pp. <span class="nowrap">11–</span>112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-3505-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-3505-7"><bdi>978-1-4766-3505-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robots+in+American+Popular+Culture&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E11-%3C%2Fspan%3E112&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2019-06-27&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-3505-7&rft.aulast=Carper&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNXOdDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DFederal%2BMen%2Bamerican%2Brobots%26pg%3DPT117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFde_Rosa2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">de Rosa, Franco (2019). Prado, Joe; Freitas da Costa, Ivan (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220516105906/https://chiaroscuro-studios.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Grande-Almanaque-dos-Super-herois-Brasileiros-Chiaroscuro-Studios-Yearbook-2019.pdf"><i>Grande Almanaque dos Super-Heróis Brasileiros</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Portuguese). Brazil: Chiaroscuro Studios. pp. 16, 127. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chiaroscuro-studios.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Grande-Almanaque-dos-Super-herois-Brasileiros-Chiaroscuro-Studios-Yearbook-2019.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2022-05-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grande+Almanaque+dos+Super-Her%C3%B3is+Brasileiros&rft.place=Brazil&rft.pages=16%2C+127&rft.pub=Chiaroscuro+Studios&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=de+Rosa&rft.aufirst=Franco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchiaroscuro-studios.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2022%2F03%2FGrande-Almanaque-dos-Super-herois-Brasileiros-Chiaroscuro-Studios-Yearbook-2019.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSofge2010" class="citation web cs1">Sofge, Erik (2010-04-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/digital/fact-vs-fiction/SciFi-most-iconic-exoskeletons">"A History of Iron Men: Top 5 Iconic Exoskeletons"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Popular_Mechanics" title="Popular Mechanics">Popular Mechanics</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Popular+Mechanics&rft.atitle=A+History+of+Iron+Men%3A+Top+5+Iconic+Exoskeletons&rft.date=2010-04-08&rft.aulast=Sofge&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.popularmechanics.com%2Ftechnology%2Fdigital%2Ffact-vs-fiction%2FSciFi-most-iconic-exoskeletons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-comm-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-comm_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://marnie.alfred.free.fr/le_roi_et_loiseau.pdf">"Le Roi et l'Oiseau<i> de Paul Grimault (1980)"</i></a><i> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</i></cite><i><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+Roi+et+l%27Oiseau+de+Paul+Grimault+%281980%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmarnie.alfred.free.fr%2Fle_roi_et_loiseau.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Forbes-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Forbes_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarder2015" class="citation news cs1">Barder, Ollie (December 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/olliebarder/2015/12/10/shoji-kawamori-the-creator-hollywood-copies-but-never-credits/">"Shoji Kawamori, The Creator Hollywood Copies But Never Credits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=D.Va+-+Heroes-+Overwatch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplayoverwatch.com%2Fen-us%2Fheroes%2Fdva%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2018" class="citation web cs1">Marshall, Cass (2018-06-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.polygon.com/2018/6/28/17513534/overwatch-hero-28-hammond-ptr">"Overwatch's next hero is a chubby hamster and I love it"</a>. <i>Polygon</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Polygon&rft.atitle=Overwatch%27s+next+hero+is+a+chubby+hamster+and+I+love+it&rft.date=2018-06-28&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Cass&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.polygon.com%2F2018%2F6%2F28%2F17513534%2Foverwatch-hero-28-hammond-ptr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLiptak2018" class="citation web cs1">Liptak, Andrew (2018-02-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/1/16934424/peter-tieryas-mecha-samurai-empire-alternate-history-science-fiction-book-q-and-a">"Mecha Samurai Empire imagines that America lost WWII — also there are giant robots"</a>. <i>The Verge</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Watch+Korea%27s+mech+take+its+first+steps+with+a+pilot+on+board%5D&rft.date=2017-01-01&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Mariella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2017-01-01-korea-mech-robot-first-steps.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sakakibara-kikai.co.jp/">"Sakakibara-Kikai website"</a>. <i>Sakakibara-Kikai</i> (in Japanese). Sakakibara Machinery Co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042412/http://www.sakakibara-kikai.co.jp/">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sakakibara-Kikai&rft.atitle=Sakakibara-Kikai+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sakakibara-kikai.co.jp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFkiyomasa2006" class="citation web cs1">kiyomasa (April 7, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oVwbUljGs3g">"Land Walker – Japanese Robot suit"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171204205101/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oVwbUljGs3g">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Land+Walker+%E2%80%93+Japanese+Robot+suit&rft.date=2006-04-07&rft.au=kiyomasa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DoVwbUljGs3g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/japanese-engineer-builds-giant-robot-to-realise-gundam-dream">"Japanese engineer builds giant robot to realise 'Gundam' dream"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Straits_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Straits Times">Straits Times</a></i>. April 13, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414082918/http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/japanese-engineer-builds-giant-robot-to-realise-gundam-dream">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Straits+Times&rft.atitle=Japanese+engineer+builds+giant+robot+to+realise+%27Gundam%27+dream&rft.date=2018-04-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.straitstimes.com%2Fasia%2Feast-asia%2Fjapanese-engineer-builds-giant-robot-to-realise-gundam-dream&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/11/30/national/moving-gundam-statue-japan/">"Life-size moving Gundam statue unveiled to media in Yokohama"</a>. <i>The Japan Times</i>. 2020-11-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=Life-size+moving+Gundam+statue+unveiled+to+media+in+Yokohama&rft.date=2020-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fnews%2F2020%2F11%2F30%2Fnational%2Fmoving-gundam-statue-japan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeout.com/tokyo/news/the-yokohama-gundam-factory-has-closed-after-just-three-plus-years-040224">"The Yokohama Gundam Factory has closed after just three-plus years"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gundam_Factory_Yokohama" title="Gundam Factory Yokohama">Gundam Factory Yokohama</a></i>. April 2, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gundam+Factory+Yokohama&rft.atitle=The+Yokohama+Gundam+Factory+has+closed+after+just+three-plus+years&rft.date=2024-04-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.com%2Ftokyo%2Fnews%2Fthe-yokohama-gundam-factory-has-closed-after-just-three-plus-years-040224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://us.oricon-group.com/news/2209/">"Life-Size Gundam Statue Unveiled at Osaka Expo Site: Kneeling and Reaching for the Stars"</a>. <i>Japan Anime News powered by ORICON NEWS</i>. 2024-10-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Japan+Anime+News+powered+by+ORICON+NEWS&rft.atitle=Life-Size+Gundam+Statue+Unveiled+at+Osaka+Expo+Site%3A+Kneeling+and+Reaching+for+the+Stars&rft.date=2024-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fus.oricon-group.com%2Fnews%2F2209%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Satoshi_Sugiyama_2023_m506-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Satoshi_Sugiyama_2023_m506_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSatoshi_Sugiyama2023" class="citation web cs1">Satoshi Sugiyama, Chris Gallagher (2023-10-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/japan-startup-develops-gundam-like-robot-with-3-mln-price-tag-2023-10-02/">"Japan startup develops 'Gundam'-like robot with $3 mln price tag"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Japan+startup+develops+%27Gundam%27-like+robot+with+%243+mln+price+tag&rft.date=2023-10-02&rft.aulast=Satoshi+Sugiyama&rft.aufirst=Chris+Gallagher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Ftechnology%2Fjapan-startup-develops-gundam-like-robot-with-3-mln-price-tag-2023-10-02%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CD2V8GFqk_Y">"Timberjack Walking Machine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. October 17, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222033048/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CD2V8GFqk_Y">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Timberjack+Walking+Machine&rft.date=2006-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DCD2V8GFqk_Y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://furrion.com/pages/exo-bionics">"Exo-Bionics | Human skill meets advanced technology"</a>. <i>furrion-global</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=furrion-global&rft.atitle=Exo-Bionics+%26%23124%3B+Human+skill+meets+advanced+technology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffurrion.com%2Fpages%2Fexo-bionics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prosthesismechracing.com/">"Prosthesis – The Anti-Robot"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prosthesis+%E2%80%93+The+Anti-Robot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prosthesismechracing.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/527752-largest-tetrapod-exo-skeleton">"Largest tetrapod exoskeleton"</a>. <i>Guinness World Records</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guinness+World+Records&rft.atitle=Largest+tetrapod+exoskeleton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fworld-records%2F527752-largest-tetrapod-exo-skeleton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMecha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecha&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mahq.net/">Mecha Anime HQ</a>: Extensive coverage on Gundams and other mecha.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mechacompany.com/">Mecha Co.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140403002247/http://mediag.jp/project/project/images/JapaneseAnimationGuide.pdf">Japanese Animation Guide: The History of Robot Anime</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mecha" title="Template:Mecha"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Mecha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Mecha (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mecha" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mecha"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mecha9" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mecha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Mecha anime and manga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mecha_anime" title="List of mecha anime">List of mecha anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_robot" title="Model robot">Model robot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gundam_model" class="mw-redirect" title="Gundam model">Gundam model</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_genres257" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_genres" title="Template:Film genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_genres" title="Template talk:Film genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_genres257" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">genres</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_cinema" title="Hong Kong action cinema">Hong Kong action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_film" title="Adventure film">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">Biographical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_film_industry" title="Christian film industry">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Sexy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_out" title="Gross out">Gross out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_documentary" title="Animated documentary">Animated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_symphony" title="City symphony">City symphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">Docudrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-documentary" title="Pseudo-documentary">Pseudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_essay" title="Video essay">Video essay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_drama" title="Historical drama">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_drama" title="Legal drama">Legal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_film" title="Sex in film">Erotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_film" title="Pink film">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_film" title="Educational film">Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_guidance_film" title="Social guidance film">Social guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_film" title="Epic film">Epic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film">see <i>Exploitation film template</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_fantasy" title="Contemporary fantasy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_fantasy" title="High fantasy">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fantasy" title="Historical fantasy">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">Neo-noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_body_horror_media" title="List of body horror media">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">Chinese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japanese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korean horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodrama_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Melodrama film">Melodrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_melodrama" title="Korean melodrama">Korean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Psycho-biddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror" title="Psychological horror">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">Musical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_musical" title="Arthouse musical">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstage_musical" title="Backstage musical">Backstage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukebox_musical" title="Jukebox musical">Jukebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicarello" title="Musicarello">Musicarello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta_film" title="Operetta film">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_film" title="Mystery film">Mystery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whodunit" title="Whodunit">Whodunit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover fiction">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Pornographic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_pornography" title="Hardcore pornography">Hardcore pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softcore_pornography" title="Softcore pornography">Softcore pornography</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_softcore_pornography" title="Malayalam softcore pornography">Malayalam</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_film" title="Propaganda film">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_film" title="Reality film">Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_film" title="Romance film">Romantic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromantic_comedy" title="Bromantic comedy">Bromantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_fantasy" title="Romantic fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Science fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_science_fiction_film" title="Arthouse science fiction film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_film" title="Survival film">Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_film" title="Thriller film">Thriller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_thriller" title="Financial thriller">Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_thriller" title="Legal thriller">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_thriller" title="Political thriller">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_thriller" title="Psychological thriller">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgressive_art" title="Transgressive art">Transgressive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trick_film" title="Trick film">Trick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By theme</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_animals" title="List of films about animals">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_party_film" title="Beach party film">Beach party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_swap" title="Body swap">Body swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_film" title="Buddy film">Buddy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_cop" title="Buddy cop">Buddy cop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_buddy_film" title="Female buddy film">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicano_films" title="List of Chicano films">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_cinema" title="Colonial cinema">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">Coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_film" title="Concert film">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_film" title="Crime film">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">Gangster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Gentleman thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokud%C5%8D" title="Gokudō">Gokudō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong%27an_fiction" title="Gong'an fiction">Gong'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heist_film" title="Heist film">Heist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_film" title="Hood film">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_film" title="Mafia film">Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_comedy_film" title="Mafia comedy film">Mafia comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_underworld_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai underworld film">Mumbai underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuza_film" title="Yakuza film">Yakuza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_film" title="Dance in film">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">Disaster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">Apocalyptic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_drug_films" title="List of drug films">Drug</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_film" title="Psychedelic film">Psychedelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dystopian_films" title="List of dystopian films">Dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecchi" title="Ecchi">Ecchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_film" title="Ethnographic film">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_extraterrestrials" title="List of films featuring extraterrestrials">Extraterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_food_and_drink" title="List of films about food and drink">Food and drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendai-geki" title="Gendai-geki">Gendai-geki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goona-goona_epic" title="Goona-goona epic">Goona-goona epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girls_with_guns" title="Girls with guns">Girls with guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem_(genre)" title="Harem (genre)">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentai" title="Hentai">Hentai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lolicon" title="Lolicon">Lolicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotacon" title="Shotacon">Shotacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentacle_erotica" title="Tentacle erotica">Tentacle erotica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">Jidaigeki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Samurai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Kaitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ-related_films" title="List of LGBTQ-related films">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoi">Yaoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_(genre)" title="Yuri (genre)">Yuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luchador_films" title="Luchador films">Luchador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_girl" title="Magical girl">Magical girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopsocky" title="Chopsocky">Chopsocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_fu" title="Gun fu">Gun fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_film" title="Kung fu film">Kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ninja_films" title="List of ninja films">Ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_giant_monsters" title="List of films featuring giant monsters">Giant monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mummy_films" title="List of mummy films">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_film" title="Vampire film">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zombie_films" title="List of zombie films">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_da_Boca_do_Lixo" title="Cinema da Boca do Lixo">Mouth of Garbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_social" title="Muslim social">Muslim social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_documentary" title="Nature documentary">Nature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_films" title="List of environmental films">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_film" title="Opera film">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_film" title="Partisan film">Partisan film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_film" title="Prison film">Prison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Women in prison film">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_film" title="Race film">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_movie" title="Road movie">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%BCmmerfilm" title="Trümmerfilm">Rubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_porn" title="Bavarian porn">Bavarian porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican sex comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunsploitation" title="Nunsploitation">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_report_film" title="Sex report film">Sex report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshimin-eiga" title="Shoshimin-eiga">Shoshimin-eiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snuff_film" title="Snuff film">Snuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_genre" title="South Seas genre">South Seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_film" title="Spy film">Spy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_film" title="Superhero film">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_film" title="Surf film">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler_film" title="Swashbuckler film">Swashbuckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_sorcery" title="Sword and sorcery">Sword and sorcery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imaginary_voyage" title="Imaginary voyage">imaginary voyage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_film" title="Trial film">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_film" title="Vigilante film">Vigilante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_film" title="War film">War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" class="mw-redirect" title="List of anti-war films">Anti-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_films" title="Submarine films">Submarine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_Western" title="Acid Western">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Western" title="Contemporary Western">Contemporary Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacoit_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacoit Western">Dacoit Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy Western">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Western" title="Florida Western">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_Western" title="Horror Western">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Western" title="Australian Western">Meat pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_(genre)" title="Northern (genre)">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostern" title="Ostern">Ostern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Western" title="Revisionist Western">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_Western" title="Science fiction Western">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing_cowboy" title="Singing cowboy">Singing cowboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapata Western">Zapata Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By movement <br /> or period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute film">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_eccentric_cinema" title="American eccentric cinema">American eccentric cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_New_Wave" title="Australian New Wave">Australian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">Auteur films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_School_(filmmaking)" title="Berlin School (filmmaking)">Berlin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourekas_film" title="Bourekas film">Bourekas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_School_(filmmaking)" title="Brighton School (filmmaking)">Brighton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_New_Wave" title="British New Wave">British New Wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_school" title="Budapest school">Budapest school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_du_look" title="Cinéma du look">Cinéma du look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Novo" title="Cinema Novo">Cinema Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_pur" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinéma pur">Cinéma pur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_New_Wave" title="Czechoslovak New Wave">Czechoslovak New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_Film_Movement" title="Documentary Film Movement">Documentary Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erra_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Erra Cinema">Erra Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_art_cinema" title="European art cinema">European art cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_d%27art" title="Film d'art">Film d'art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_gris" title="Film gris">Film gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Cinema" title="Free Cinema">Free Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_expressionist_cinema" title="German expressionist cinema">German Expressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Nigerian_Cinema" title="Golden Age of Nigerian Cinema">Nigerian Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Cine_Liberaci%C3%B3n" title="Grupo Cine Liberación">Grupo Cine Liberación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Heimatfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_on_the_Tiber" title="Hollywood on the Tiber">Hollywood on the Tiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_New_Wave" title="Hong Kong New Wave">Hong Kong New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiewood" title="Indiewood">Indiewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_New_Wave" title="Iranian New Wave">Iranian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Wave" title="Japanese New Wave">Japanese New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammerspielfilm" title="Kammerspielfilm">Kammerspielfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Rebellion" title="L.A. Rebellion">L.A. Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_Cinema" title="New German Cinema">New German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_generation_(Malayalam_film_movement)" title="New generation (Malayalam film movement)">New generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Nigerian_Cinema" title="New Nigerian Cinema">New Nollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity_(filmmaking)" title="New Objectivity (filmmaking)">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_queer_cinema" title="New queer cinema">New Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Wave_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="No Wave Cinema">No wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Cine_Mexicano" title="Nuevo Cine Mexicano">Nuevo Cine Mexicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Indian_film" title="Pan-Indian film">Pan-Indian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_cinema" title="Parallel cinema">Parallel cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmfarsi" title="Filmfarsi">Persian Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Film_School" title="Polish Film School">Polish Film School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prague_film_school" title="The Prague film school">The Prague film school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_film" title="Prussian film">Prussian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Film_Movement" title="Pure Film Movement">Pure Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernist_film" title="Remodernist film">Remodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_New_Wave" title="Romanian New Wave">Romanian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_realism" title="Social realism">Social realist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_parallel_cinema" title="Soviet parallel cinema">Soviet parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_cinema" title="Surrealist cinema">Surrealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefoni_Bianchi" title="Telefoni Bianchi">Telefoni Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Cinema" title="Third Cinema">Third Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_New_Wave" title="Toronto New Wave">Toronto New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Black_Wave" title="Yugoslav Black Wave">Yugoslav Black Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By demographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_film" title="Black film">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_film" title="Children's film">Children and family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_anime_and_manga" title="Children's anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li>Men <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seinen_manga" title="Seinen manga">Seinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_film" title="Stag film">Stag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_film" title="Teen film">Teen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnen_manga" title="Shōnen manga">Shōnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_manga" title="Shōjo manga">Shōjo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_film" title="Woman's film">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chick_flick" title="Chick flick">Chick flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josei_manga" title="Josei manga">Josei</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By format,<br /> technique,<br /> approach,<br /> or production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_film" title="3D film">3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actuality_film" title="Actuality film">Actuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_animation" title="Arthouse animation">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Cartoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">Stop-motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthology_film" title="Anthology film">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behind-the-scenes" title="Behind-the-scenes">Behind-the-scenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">Black-and-white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9" title="Cinéma vérité">Cinéma vérité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage_film" title="Collage film">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_motion_picture_film" title="Color motion picture film">Color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compilation_film" title="Compilation film">Compilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_film" title="Composite film">Composite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenlife" title="Screenlife">Computer screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">Cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_movie" title="Midnight movie">midnight movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_cinema" title="Database cinema">Database cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docufiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofiction" title="Ethnofiction">Ethnofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract animation">Abstract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feature_film" title="Feature film">Feature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featurette" title="Featurette">Featurette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_%C3%A0_clef" title="Film à clef">Film à clef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film-poem" title="Film-poem">Film-poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlink_cinema" title="Hyperlink cinema">Hyperlink cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">Independent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_independent_films" title="List of American independent films">List of American independent films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_art" title="Interstitial art">Interstitial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_action" title="Live action">Live action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_live_action_and_animation" title="List of films with live action and animation">animation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-budget_film" title="Low-budget film">Low-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_film_studios" title="Major film studios">Major film studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masala_film" title="Masala film">Masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_picture" title="Message picture">Message picture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacinema" title="Metacinema">Meta-film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_short" title="Musical short">Musical short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-budget_film" title="No-budget film">No-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-shot_film" title="One-shot film">One-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracinema" title="Paracinema">Paracinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_cinema" title="Participatory cinema">Participatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry_film" title="Poetry film">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernist_film" title="Postmodernist film">Postmodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_motion" title="Reverse motion">Reverse motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire_(film_and_television)" title="Satire (film and television)">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semidocumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinpa" title="Shinpa">Shinpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_film" title="Sound film">Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_movie" title="Z movie">Z movie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/40px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Film_genres" title="Category:Film genres">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Machines359" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Machines" title="Template:Machines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Machines" title="Template talk:Machines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Machines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Machines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Machines359" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Machine" title="Machine">Machines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Simple_machine" title="Simple machine">Classical simple machines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inclined_plane" title="Inclined plane">Inclined plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever" title="Lever">Lever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulley" title="Pulley">Pulley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_(simple_machine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Screw (simple machine)">Screw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge_(mechanical_device)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedge (mechanical device)">Wedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_and_axle" title="Wheel and axle">Wheel and axle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clock" title="Clock">Clocks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_clock" title="Atomic clock">Atomic clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_chronometer" title="Marine chronometer">Chronometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendulum_clock" title="Pendulum clock">Pendulum clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_clock" title="Quartz clock">Quartz clock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gas_compressor" class="mw-redirect" title="Gas compressor">Compressors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pump" title="Pump">pumps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archimedes%27_screw" title="Archimedes' screw">Archimedes' screw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injector" title="Injector">Eductor-jet pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_ram" title="Hydraulic ram">Hydraulic ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump" title="Pump">Pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trompe" title="Trompe">Trompe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_pump" title="Vacuum pump">Vacuum pump</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/External_combustion_engine" title="External combustion engine">External combustion engines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">Steam engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_engine" title="Stirling engine">Stirling engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">Internal combustion engines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">Gas turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">Reciprocating engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_engine" title="Rotary engine">Rotary engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutating_disc_engine" title="Nutating disc engine">Nutating disc engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linkage_(mechanical)" title="Linkage (mechanical)">Linkages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantograph" title="Pantograph">Pantograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peaucellier%E2%80%93Lipkin_linkage" title="Peaucellier–Lipkin linkage">Peaucellier-Lipkin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turbine" title="Turbine">Turbine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">Gas turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">Jet engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_turbine" title="Steam turbine">Steam turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_turbine" title="Water turbine">Water turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_generator" class="mw-redirect" title="Wind generator">Wind generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windmill" title="Windmill">Windmill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Airfoil" title="Airfoil">Aerofoil</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sail" title="Sail">Sail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing" title="Wing">Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudder" title="Rudder">Rudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flap_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flap (aircraft)">Flap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propeller_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Propeller (aircraft)">Propeller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">Electronics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_tube" title="Vacuum tube">Vacuum tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">Transistor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diode" title="Diode">Diode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resistor" title="Resistor">Resistor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capacitor" title="Capacitor">Capacitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inductor" title="Inductor">Inductor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle" title="Vehicle">Vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">Automobile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robot" title="Robot">Robot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_agricultural_machinery" title="List of agricultural machinery">Agricultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seed-counting_machine" title="Seed-counting machine">Seed-counting machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vending_machine" title="Vending machine">Vending machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_tunnel" title="Wind tunnel">Wind tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Check_weigher" title="Check weigher">Check weighing machines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riveting_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Riveting machines">Riveting machines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Springs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spring_(device)" title="Spring (device)">Spring (device)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox507" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858784#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2010006115">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007602125505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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