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Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varp_m%C3%BCh%C9%99rriki" title="Varp mühərriki – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Varp mühərriki" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_pogon" title="Warp pogon – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Warp pogon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_de_curvatura" title="Motor de curvatura – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Motor de curvatura" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_pohon" title="Warp pohon – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Warp pohon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp-Antrieb" title="Warp-Antrieb – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Warp-Antrieb" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varpajam" title="Varpajam – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Varpajam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curvatura_(Desplazamiento)" title="Curvatura (Desplazamiento) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Curvatura (Desplazamiento)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varpo_(Star_Trek)" title="Varpo (Star Trek) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Varpo (Star Trek)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makurdura-motor" title="Makurdura-motor – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Makurdura-motor" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE" title="ماشین وارپ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماشین وارپ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distorsion_(Star_Trek)" title="Distorsion (Star Trek) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Distorsion (Star Trek)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%8C%ED%94%84_%ED%95%AD%EB%B2%95" title="워프 항법 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="워프 항법" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%AB%D5%B9" title="Կորացման շարժիչ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կորացման շարժիչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8" title="वार्प इंजन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वार्प इंजन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_pogon" title="Warp pogon – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Warp pogon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penggerak_laur" title="Penggerak laur – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penggerak laur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6rpudrif" title="Vörpudrif – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vörpudrif" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsione_a_curvatura" title="Propulsione a curvatura – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Propulsione a curvatura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2_%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%AA" title="מנוע עיוות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנוע עיוות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9rhajt%C3%B3m%C5%B1" title="Térhajtómű – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Térhajtómű" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="വാർപ്പ് ഡ്രൈവ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വാർപ്പ് ഡ്രൈവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp" title="Warp – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Warp" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97" title="ワープ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ワープ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warpdrive" title="Warpdrive – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Warpdrive" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE_%DA%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%88" title="وارپ ڈرائیو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وارپ ڈرائیو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C4%99dko%C5%9B%C4%87_warp" title="Prędkość warp – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prędkość warp" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobra_espacial" title="Dobra espacial – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dobra espacial" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorul_cu_distorsiune_(Star_Trek)" title="Motorul cu distorsiune (Star Trek) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Motorul cu distorsiune (Star Trek)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF-%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Варп-двигатель – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Варп-двигатель" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_drive" title="Warp drive – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Warp drive" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ворп погон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ворп погон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poimuajo" title="Poimuajo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Poimuajo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp" title="Warp – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Warp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9B" title="การวาร์ป – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การวาร์ป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_motoru" title="Warp motoru – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Warp motoru" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Двигун викривлення – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Двигун викривлення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%BE_%DA%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%88" title="وارپ ڈرائیو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وارپ ڈرائیو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_c%C6%A1_warp" title="Động cơ warp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Động cơ warp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E9%80%9F%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E" title="曲速引擎 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="曲速引擎" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q81397#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Fictional superluminal spacecraft propulsion system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Warp_drive_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Warp drive (disambiguation)">Warp drive (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Warp_drive_starship.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Warp_drive_starship.png/260px-Warp_drive_starship.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Warp_drive_starship.png/390px-Warp_drive_starship.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Warp_drive_starship.png/520px-Warp_drive_starship.png 2x" data-file-width="4218" data-file-height="3074" /></a><figcaption>Artistic rendition of a ship with warp drive activated</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccf">Spatial anomalies in fiction</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <p><a href="/wiki/Black_holes_in_fiction" title="Black holes in fiction">Black holes in fiction</a> • <a href="/wiki/Portable_hole" title="Portable hole">Portable hole</a> • <a href="/wiki/Teleportation_in_fiction" title="Teleportation in fiction">Teleportation in fiction</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wormholes_in_fiction" title="Wormholes in fiction">Wormholes in fiction</a> • <a href="/wiki/Stargate_(device)" title="Stargate (device)">Stargate</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Warp drive</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hyperspace" title="Hyperspace">Hyperspace</a> • <a href="/wiki/Time_travel_in_fiction" title="Time travel in fiction">Time travel in fiction</a> </p> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="font-weight:normal;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sf-userbox.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/15px-Sf-userbox.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/23px-Sf-userbox.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/30px-Sf-userbox.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Science fiction">Science fiction portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spatial_anomalies_in_fiction" title="Template:Spatial anomalies in fiction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spatial_anomalies_in_fiction" title="Template talk:Spatial anomalies in fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spatial_anomalies_in_fiction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spatial anomalies in fiction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>warp drive</b> or a drive enabling <b>space warp</b> is a fictional <a href="/wiki/Faster-than-light" title="Faster-than-light">superluminal</a> (faster than the speed of light) <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion" title="Spacecraft propulsion">spacecraft propulsion</a> system in many science fiction works, most notably <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a subject of ongoing real-life physics research. The general concept of "warp drive" was introduced by <a href="/wiki/John_W._Campbell" title="John W. Campbell">John W. Campbell</a> in his 1957 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Space" title="Islands of Space">Islands of Space</a></i> and was popularized by the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i> series. Its closest real-life equivalent is the <a href="/wiki/Alcubierre_drive" title="Alcubierre drive">Alcubierre drive</a>, a theoretical solution of the field equations of <a href="/wiki/General_relativity" title="General relativity">general relativity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Alcubierre94_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alcubierre94-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_characteristics">History and characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warp_drive&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Warp drive, or a drive enabling space warp, is one of <a href="/wiki/Space_travel_in_science_fiction" title="Space travel in science fiction">several ways of travelling through space found in science fiction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been often discussed as being conceptually similar to <a href="/wiki/Hyperspace" title="Hyperspace">hyperspace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 238–239">: 238–239 </span></sup> A warp drive is a device that distorts the shape of the <a href="/wiki/Space-time_continuum" class="mw-redirect" title="Space-time continuum">space-time continuum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:42_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 142">: 142 </span></sup> A spacecraft equipped with a warp drive may travel at speeds greater than <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_light" title="Speed of light">that of light</a> by many orders of magnitude. In contrast to some other fictitious <a href="/wiki/Faster-than-light" title="Faster-than-light">faster-than-light</a> technologies such as a <a href="/wiki/Hyperspace" title="Hyperspace">jump drive</a>, the warp drive does not permit instantaneous travel and transfers between two points, but rather involves a measurable passage of time which is pertinent to the concept. In contrast to hyperspace, spacecraft at warp velocity would continue to interact with objects in "normal space".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Miozzi_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miozzi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The general concept of warp drive was introduced by <a href="/wiki/John_W._Campbell" title="John W. Campbell">John W. Campbell</a> in his 1957 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Space" title="Islands of Space">Islands of Space</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-visual_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visual-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 77">: 77 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-spacewarp_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spacewarp-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Brave_New_Words" title="Brave New Words">Brave New Words</a></i> gave the earliest example of the term "space-warp drive" as <a href="/wiki/Fredric_Brown" title="Fredric Brown">Fredric Brown</a>'s <i>Gateway to Darkness</i> (1949), and also cited an unnamed story from <i><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Stories" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmic Stories">Cosmic Stories</a></i> (May 1941) as using the word "warp" in the context of space travel, although the usage of this term as a "bend or curvature" in space which facilitates travel can be traced to several works as far back as the mid-1930s, for example <a href="/wiki/Jack_Williamson" title="Jack Williamson">Jack Williamson</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cometeers" title="The Cometeers">The Cometeers</a></i> (1936).<sup id="cite_ref-:42_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 212, 268">: 212, 268 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einstein's_space_warp_and_real-world_physics"><span id="Einstein.27s_space_warp_and_real-world_physics"></span>Einstein's space warp and real-world physics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warp_drive&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Einstein's space warp and real-world physics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorentz_factor.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lorentz_factor.svg/220px-Lorentz_factor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lorentz_factor.svg/330px-Lorentz_factor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lorentz_factor.svg/440px-Lorentz_factor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="1118" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lorentz_factor" title="Lorentz factor">Lorentz factor</a> <span class="texhtml">γ</span> as a function of velocity. Its initial value is 1 (when <span class="nowrap"><i>v</i> = 0</span>); and as velocity approaches the speed of light <span class="nowrap">(<i>v</i> → <i>c</i>)</span> <span class="texhtml">γ</span> increases without bound <span class="nowrap">(<span class="texhtml">γ</span> → ∞)</span>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Einstein's theory of <a href="/wiki/Special_relativity" title="Special relativity">special relativity</a> states that speed of light travel is impossible for material objects that, unlike <a href="/wiki/Photon" title="Photon">photons</a>, have a non-zero rest mass. The problem of a material object exceeding light speed is that an infinite amount of kinetic energy would be required to travel at exactly the speed of light. Warp drives are one of the science-fiction tropes that serve to circumvent this limitation in fiction to facilitate stories set at galactic scales.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the concept of space warp has been criticized as "illogical", and has been connected to several other <a href="/wiki/Rubber_science" title="Rubber science">rubber science</a> ideas that do not fit into our current understanding of physics, such as the <a href="/wiki/Teleportation" title="Teleportation">transporters</a> and <a href="/wiki/Replicator_(Star_Trek)" title="Replicator (Star Trek)">replicators</a> in <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anti-gravity" title="Anti-gravity">antigravity</a> or <a href="/wiki/Negative_mass" title="Negative mass">negative mass</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some argue that these effects mean that although it's not possible to travel faster than the speed of light, both space and time "warp" to allow travelling the distance of one light year, in less than a year. Although it is not possible to travel faster than the speed of light, the effective speed is faster than light. This warping of space and time is precisely mathematically specified by the <a href="/wiki/Lorentz_factor" title="Lorentz factor">Lorentz factor</a>, which depends on velocity. Although only theoretical when published over 100 years ago, the effect has since been <a href="/wiki/Tests_of_special_relativity" title="Tests of special relativity">measured and confirmed</a> many times. In the limit, at light speed time stops completely (relative to a certain reference frame) and it is possible to travel infinite distances across space with no passage of time.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The solution to Einstein’s field equations proposed by Alcubierre defines a spacetime metric—known as the <b>Alcubierre metric</b>—where spacetime itself is distorted in a controlled manner. The metric creates a region of compressed spacetime in front of the spacecraft and expanded spacetime behind it, forming a "warp bubble." The spacecraft resides within this bubble, moving with the local spacetime without experiencing relativistic time dilation or violating causality. </p><p>Mathematically, the Alcubierre metric is expressed as: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle dx^{2}=-c^{2}dt^{2}+\left(dx-v_{s}f(r_{s})dt\right)^{2}+dy^{2}+dz^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>d</mi> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <msup> <mi>t</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>d</mi> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>d</mi> <msup> <mi>z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle dx^{2}=-c^{2}dt^{2}+\left(dx-v_{s}f(r_{s})dt\right)^{2}+dy^{2}+dz^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4b02543ec41215383de226a25a8d319d4b047960" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:46.565ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle dx^{2}=-c^{2}dt^{2}+\left(dx-v_{s}f(r_{s})dt\right)^{2}+dy^{2}+dz^{2}}" /></span> </p><p>where: </p> <ul><li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v_{s}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v_{s}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5b59adb76ac7f03c89867f225a55fd4bbde0cbdd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.131ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v_{s}}" /></span> is the speed of the warp bubble,</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(r_{s})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(r_{s})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ca26d449e0031ff05aca3c84e65a33c4d77035f5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:5.14ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(r_{s})}" /></span> is a shape function that determines the smoothness and size of the bubble,</li> <li><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle r_{s}={\sqrt {(x-x_{s}(t))^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>z</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle r_{s}={\sqrt {(x-x_{s}(t))^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f5471e692c18e2764b9f432bd7722310bcf7f41" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.671ex; width:29.53ex; height:4.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle r_{s}={\sqrt {(x-x_{s}(t))^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}}}}" /></span>is the radial distance from the spacecraft center.</li></ul> <p>The creation of such a bubble requires <b><a href="/wiki/Exotic_matter" title="Exotic matter">exotic matter</a></b>—substances with negative energy density (a violation of the Weak Energy Condition). <a href="/wiki/Casimir_effect" title="Casimir effect">Casimir effect</a> experiments have hinted at the existence of negative energy in quantum fields, but practical production at the required scale remains speculative. </p><p>Similarly, a quantum drive might utilize quantum field theory to exploit vacuum energy, leveraging phenomena such as the <b><a href="/wiki/Zero-point_energy" title="Zero-point energy">zero-point energy</a></b> of the <a href="/wiki/Quantum_vacuum_state" title="Quantum vacuum state">quantum vacuum</a>. The drive could theoretically manipulate virtual particle pairs or create localized energy gradients via quantum entanglement. The energy density of the quantum vacuum, often estimated as 10113J/m3 in the context of quantum field fluctuations, could provide immense power if harnessed effectively. </p><p>Although the concept of warp drive has originated in fiction, it has received some scientific consideration, most notably related to the 1990s concept of the <a href="/wiki/Alcubierre_drive" title="Alcubierre drive">Alcubierre drive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alcubierre stated in an email to <a href="/wiki/William_Shatner" title="William Shatner">William Shatner</a> that his theory was directly inspired by the term used in the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and cites the "'warp drive' of science fiction" in his 1994 article.<sup id="cite_ref-Alcubierre94_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alcubierre94-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, <a href="/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">DARPA</a>-funded researcher <a href="/wiki/Harold_G._White" title="Harold G. White">Harold White</a>, of the Limitless Space Institute, claimed that he had succeeded in creating a real warp bubble, saying "our detailed numerical analysis of our custom <a href="/wiki/Casimir_effect" title="Casimir effect">Casimir cavities</a> helped us identify a real and manufacturable nano/microstructure that is predicted to generate a negative vacuum energy density such that it would manifest a real nanoscale warp bubble, not an analog, but the real thing."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Star_Trek"><i>Star Trek</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warp_drive&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Star Trek"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Technology_in_Star_Trek#Warp_drive" title="Technology in Star Trek">Technology in Star Trek § Warp drive</a></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Transwarp"></span> <span class="anchor" id="Coaxial_warp_drive"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_Trek_Warp_Field.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Star_Trek_Warp_Field.svg/220px-Star_Trek_Warp_Field.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Star_Trek_Warp_Field.svg/330px-Star_Trek_Warp_Field.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Star_Trek_Warp_Field.svg/440px-Star_Trek_Warp_Field.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="751" data-file-height="751" /></a><figcaption>A representation of a <i>Star Trek</i> "warp bubble"</figcaption></figure> <p>Warp drive is one of the fundamental features of the <i>Star Trek</i> franchise and one of the best-known examples of space warp (warp drive) in fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the first pilot episode of <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek: The Original Series</a></i>, "<a href="/wiki/The_Cage_(TOS_episode)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Cage (TOS episode)">The Cage</a>", it is referred to as a "hyperdrive", with Captain Pike stating the speed to reach planet Talos<span class="nowrap"> </span>IV as "time warp, factor 7". The warp drive in Star Trek is one of the most detailed fictional technologies.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Compared to the <a href="/wiki/Hyperspace_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperspace drive">hyperspace drives</a> of other fictional universes, it differs in that a spaceship does not leave the normal space-time continuum and instead the space-time itself is distorted, as is made possible in the <a href="/wiki/General_theory_of_relativity" class="mw-redirect" title="General theory of relativity">general theory of relativity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miozzi_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miozzi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The basic functional principle of the warp drive in <i>Star Trek</i> is the same for all spaceships. A strong energy source, usually a so-called<i> warp core</i> or sometimes called <i>intermix chamber</i>, generates a high-energy <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(physics)" title="Plasma (physics)">plasma</a>. This plasma is transported to the so-called <i>warp field generators</i> via lines that are reminiscent of pipes. These generators are basically coils in <i>warp nacelles</i> protruding from the spaceship. These generate a subspace field, the so-called <i>warp field</i> or a <i>warp bubble</i>, which distort space-time and propels the bubble and spaceship in the bubble forward.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The warp core can be designed in various forms. Humans and most of the other fictional races use a moderated reaction of <a href="/wiki/Antimatter" title="Antimatter">antimatter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matter" title="Matter">matter</a>. The energy produced passes through a matrix, which is made of a fictional chemical element, called <a href="/wiki/Dilithium_(Star_Trek)" title="Dilithium (Star Trek)">dilithium</a>. However, other species are shown to use different methods for faster-than-light propulsion. The <a href="/wiki/Romulan" title="Romulan">Romulans</a>, for example, use <a href="/wiki/Black_hole" title="Black hole">artificial micro-black holes</a> called <i>quantum singularities</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The speeds are given in warp factors and follow a <a href="/wiki/Geometric_progression" title="Geometric progression">geometric progression</a>. The first scale developed by <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_(artist)" title="Franz Joseph (artist)">Franz Joseph</a> was simply a <a href="/wiki/Cubic_equation" title="Cubic equation">cubic progression</a> with no limit.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This leads to the use of ever growing warp factors in <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">the <i>Original Series</i></a> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Animated_Series" title="Star Trek: The Animated Series">Animated Series</a></i>. For example, warp 14.1 in the TOS-episode "<a href="/wiki/That_Which_Survives" title="That Which Survives">That Which Survives</a>" or warp 36 in the TAS-episode "<a href="/wiki/The_Counter-Clock_Incident" title="The Counter-Clock Incident">The Counter-Clock Incident</a>". In order to focus more on the story and away from the technobabble, <a href="/wiki/Gene_Roddenberry" title="Gene Roddenberry">Gene Roddenberry</a> commissioned <a href="/wiki/Michael_Okuda" title="Michael Okuda">Michael Okuda</a> to invent a revised warp scale. Warp 10 should be the absolute limit and stand for infinite speed. In homage to Gene Roddenberry, this limit was also called "Eugene's Limit". Okuda explains this in an author's comment in his technical manual for the USS <i>Enterprise</i>-D.<sup id="cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okuda_55-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between Warp 1 (the <a href="/wiki/Speed_of_Light" class="mw-redirect" title="Speed of Light">speed of light</a>) and Warp 9, the increase was still roughly geometric, but the exponent was adjusted so that the speeds were higher compared to the old scale. For instance, Warp 9 is more than 1500 times faster than Warp 1 in comparison to the 729 times (nine to the power of 3) calculated using the original cubic formula. In the same author's comment, Okuda explains that the motivation was to fulfill fan expectations that the new Enterprise is much faster than the original, but without changing the warp factor numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okuda_55-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between Warp 9 and Warp 10, the new scale <a href="/wiki/Exponential_growth" title="Exponential growth">grows exponentially</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okuda_55-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only in a single episode of <i>Star Trek Voyager</i> there was a specific numerical speed value given for a warp factor. In the episode "<a href="/wiki/The_37%27s" title="The 37's">The 37's</a>", Tom Paris tells Amelia Earhart that Warp 9.9 is about 4 billion miles per second (using <a href="/wiki/Customary_units" class="mw-redirect" title="Customary units">customary units</a> for the character's benefit).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That is more than 14 times the value of Warp 9 and equal to around 21,400 times speed of light. However, this statement contradicts the technical manuals and encyclopedias written by Rick Sternbach and Michael Okuda, where a speed of 3053 times the speed of light was established for a warp factor of 9.9 and a speed of 7912 times the speed of light for a warp factor of 9.99. Both numerical values are well below the value given by Tom Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-Okuda_413_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okuda_413-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the episode "<a href="/wiki/Vis_%C3%A0_Vis_(Star_Trek:_Voyager)" title="Vis à Vis (Star Trek: Voyager)">Vis à Vis</a>", a <i>coaxial warp drive</i> is mentioned. The working principle is explained in more detail in the <i>Star Trek Encyclopedia</i>. This variant of a warp drive uses <a href="/wiki/Spatial_folding" class="mw-redirect" title="Spatial folding">spatial folding</a> instead of a warp field and allows an instant movement with nearly infinite velocity.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Star Trek</i> has also introduced a so-called <i>Transwarp</i> concept, but without a fixed definition.<sup id="cite_ref-Okuda_413_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okuda_413-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is effectively a catch-all phrase for any and all technologies and natural phenomena that enable speeds above Warp 9.99.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Rick Sternbach described the basic idea in the Technical Manual: </p><blockquote><p>"Finally, we had to provide some loophole for various powerful aliens like Q, who have a knack for tossing the ship million of light years in the time of a commercial break. [...] This lets Q and his friends have fun in the 9.9999+ range, but also lets our ship travel slowly enough to keep the galaxy a big place, and meets the other criteria."<sup id="cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okuda_55-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warp_drive&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bussard_ramjet" title="Bussard ramjet">Bussard collector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exotic_matter" title="Exotic matter">Exotic matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_interaction_of_antimatter" title="Gravitational interaction of antimatter">Gravitational interaction of antimatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnikov_tube" title="Krasnikov tube">Krasnikov tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_energy" title="Negative energy">Negative energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachyon" title="Tachyon">Tachyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_black_hole_physics" title="Timeline of black hole physics">Timeline of black hole physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_gravitational_physics_and_relativity" title="Timeline of gravitational physics and relativity">Timeline of gravitational physics and relativity</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Portal:Space" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Space">Space portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warp_drive&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKrauss,_Lawrence_Maxwell.2007" class="citation book cs1">Krauss, Lawrence Maxwell. (2007). <i>The physics of Star Trek</i>. Basic Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-465-00863-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-465-00863-6"><bdi>978-0-465-00863-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/787849957">787849957</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+physics+of+Star+Trek&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F787849957&rft.isbn=978-0-465-00863-6&rft.au=Krauss%2C+Lawrence+Maxwell.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alcubierre94-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alcubierre94_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alcubierre94_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlcubierre1994" class="citation journal cs1">Alcubierre, Miguel (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0264-9381/11/5/001">"The warp drive: Hyper-fast travel within general relativity"</a>. <i>Classical and Quantum Gravity</i>. <b>11</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">L73 –</span> <span class="nowrap">L77</span>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0009013">gr-qc/0009013</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994CQGra..11L..73A">1994CQGra..11L..73A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0264-9381%2F11%2F5%2F001">10.1088/0264-9381/11/5/001</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4797900">4797900</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Classical+and+Quantum+Gravity&rft.atitle=The+warp+drive%3A+Hyper-fast+travel+within+general+relativity&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3EL73+-%3C%2Fspan%3E+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3EL77%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fgr-qc%2F0009013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4797900%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0264-9381%2F11%2F5%2F001&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1994CQGra..11L..73A&rft.aulast=Alcubierre&rft.aufirst=Miguel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiopscience.iop.org%2Farticle%2F10.1088%2F0264-9381%2F11%2F5%2F001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/space_warp">"SFE: Space Warp"</a>. <i>sf-encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sf-encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=SFE%3A+Space+Warp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fspace_warp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStableford2006" class="citation book cs1">Stableford, Brian M. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uefwmdROKTAC&q=science+fact+and+science+fiction"><i>Science Fact and Science Fiction: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-97460-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-97460-8"><bdi>978-0-415-97460-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+Fact+and+Science+Fiction%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-97460-8&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Brian+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuefwmdROKTAC%26q%3Dscience%2Bfact%2Band%2Bscience%2Bfiction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:42-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:42_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:42_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrucher2007" class="citation book cs1">Prucher, Jeff (2007-05-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lJCS0reqmFUC&dq=Earthling+%22science+fiction%22&pg=PP2"><i>Brave New Words: The Oxford Dictionary of Science Fiction</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-988552-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-988552-7"><bdi>978-0-19-988552-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brave+New+Words%3A+The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Science+Fiction&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007-05-07&rft.isbn=978-0-19-988552-7&rft.aulast=Prucher&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlJCS0reqmFUC%26dq%3DEarthling%2B%2522science%2Bfiction%2522%26pg%3DPP2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMushaMinami2011" class="citation book cs1">Musha, Takaaki; Minami, Yoshinari (2011). <i>Field Propulsion System for Space Travel: Physics of Non-Conventional Propulsion Methods for Interstellar Travel</i>. Bentham eBooks. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60805-270-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60805-270-7"><bdi>978-1-60805-270-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Field+Propulsion+System+for+Space+Travel%3A+Physics+of+Non-Conventional+Propulsion+Methods+for+Interstellar+Travel&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Bentham+eBooks&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-60805-270-7&rft.aulast=Musha&rft.aufirst=Takaaki&rft.au=Minami%2C+Yoshinari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miozzi-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miozzi_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miozzi_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiozzi2014" class="citation web cs1">Miozzi, C. J. (18 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.escapistmagazine.com/5-faster-than-light-travel-methods-and-their-plausibility/">"5 Faster-Than-Light Travel Methods and Their Plausibility"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Escapist_(magazine)" title="The Escapist (magazine)">The Escapist</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"Warp Drive—From Imagination to Reality". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_British_Interplanetary_Society" title="Journal of the British Interplanetary Society">Journal of the British Interplanetary Society</a></i>. <b>61</b>: <span class="nowrap">353–</span>357. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008JBIS...61..353G">2008JBIS...61..353G</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+British+Interplanetary+Society&rft.atitle=Warp+Drive%E2%80%94From+Imagination+to+Reality&rft.volume=61&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E353-%3C%2Fspan%3E357&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008JBIS...61..353G&rft.aulast=Gardiner&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-visual-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-visual_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAsh1977" class="citation book cs1">Ash, Brian (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-SUYAAAAIAAJ&q=Visual+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction"><i>The Visual Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i></a>. Harmony Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-517-53174-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-517-53174-7"><bdi>978-0-517-53174-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Visual+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.pub=Harmony+Books&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-517-53174-7&rft.aulast=Ash&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-SUYAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DVisual%2BEncyclopedia%2Bof%2BScience%2BFiction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spacewarp-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-spacewarp_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/space_warp">"Themes : Space Warp : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>www.sf-encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Your Travel Agent: Einstein"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Trip+Forward+in+Time.+Your+Travel+Agent%3A+Einstein.&rft.date=2005-06-28&rft.aulast=Overbye&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F06%2F28%2Fscience%2Fa-trip-forward-in-time-your-travel-agent-einstein.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGott2002" class="citation book cs1">Gott, Richard J. (2002). <i>Time Travel in Einstein's Universe</i>. p. 75.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+Travel+in+Einstein%27s+Universe&rft.pages=75&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Gott&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShapiro" class="citation web cs1">Shapiro, Alan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424012220/http://www.alan-shapiro.com/the-physics-of-warp-drive/">"The Physics of Warp Drive"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alan-shapiro.com/the-physics-of-warp-drive/">the original</a> on 24 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Physics+of+Warp+Drive&rft.aulast=Shapiro&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alan-shapiro.com%2Fthe-physics-of-warp-drive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCoontz2021" class="citation web cs1">Coontz, Lauren (December 9, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coffeeordie.com/alcubierre-white-warp-drive">"DARPA and NASA Scientists Accidentally Create Warp Bubble for Interstellar Travel"</a>. <i>Coffee or Die Magazine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Coffee+or+Die+Magazine&rft.atitle=DARPA+and+NASA+Scientists+Accidentally+Create+Warp+Bubble+for+Interstellar+Travel&rft.date=2021-12-09&rft.aulast=Coontz&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcoffeeordie.com%2Falcubierre-white-warp-drive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDodds2022" class="citation web cs1">Dodds, Alice Rose (2022-06-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gamerant.com/star-trek-warp-drive-technology-explained/">"Star Trek's Warp Drive Technology, Explained"</a>. <i>Game Rant</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Game+Rant&rft.atitle=Star+Trek%27s+Warp+Drive+Technology%2C+Explained&rft.date=2022-06-10&rft.aulast=Dodds&rft.aufirst=Alice+Rose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgamerant.com%2Fstar-trek-warp-drive-technology-explained%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOkuda" class="citation book cs1">Okuda, Michael & Denise. <i>Star Trek Technical Manual</i>. p. 56.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Trek+Technical+Manual&rft.pages=56&rft.aulast=Okuda&rft.aufirst=Michael+%26+Denise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Star_Trek_Fact_Files&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Star Trek Fact Files (page does not exist)">Star Trek Fact Files, File 64, Card 6, Warp core function</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJoseph" class="citation book cs1">Joseph, Franz. <i>Star Trek: Star Fleet Technical Manual</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Trek%3A+Star+Fleet+Technical+Manual&rft.aulast=Joseph&rft.aufirst=Franz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Okuda_55-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Okuda_55_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOkuda" class="citation book cs1">Okuda, Michael & Denise. <i>Star Trek Technical Manual</i>. p. 55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Trek+Technical+Manual&rft.pages=55&rft.aulast=Okuda&rft.aufirst=Michael+%26+Denise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chakoteya.net/Voyager/119.htm">"The Voyager Transcripts – The 37's"</a>. <i>www.chakoteya.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.chakoteya.net&rft.atitle=The+Voyager+Transcripts+%E2%80%93+The+37%27s&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chakoteya.net%2FVoyager%2F119.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Okuda_413-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Okuda_413_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Okuda_413_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOkuda" class="citation book cs1">Okuda, Michael & Denise. <i>Star Trek Encyclopedia</i>. p. 413.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Trek+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=413&rft.aulast=Okuda&rft.aufirst=Michael+%26+Denise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOkuda" class="citation book cs1">Okuda, Michael & Denise. <i>Star Trek Encyclopedia</i>. p. 149.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Star+Trek+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=149&rft.aulast=Okuda&rft.aufirst=Michael+%26+Denise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Star Trek Fact Files". p. File 5, Card 19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Star+Trek+Fact+Files&rft.pages=File+5%2C+Card+19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_magazine" title="Template:Cite magazine">cite magazine</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite magazine requires <code class="cs1-code">|magazine=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Warp_drive_theory" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Warp drive theory">Warp drive theory</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.de/?hl=de&gws_rd=cr&ei=reoNVZzJOcXDOoflgfgM#hl=de&q=(x%2F(x%5E2%2By%5E2)%5E0.5)*((2*(1%2F(cosh(2*(x%5E2%2By%5E2)%5E0.5%2B5)%5E2))-(2*(1%2F(cosh+(2*(x%5E2%2By%5E2)%5E0.5-5))%5E2)))%2F(2*tanh(2*5)))%2C+x+is+from+-5+to+5%2C+y+is+from+-5+to+5%2C+z+is+from+-1+to+1&safe=off">Embedding of the Alcubierre Warp drive</a> 2d plot in Google</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Warp_drive">Warp drive</a> at <a href="/wiki/Memory_Alpha" title="Memory Alpha">Memory Alpha</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Warp_core">Warp core</a> at <a href="/wiki/Memory_Alpha" title="Memory Alpha">Memory Alpha</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Transwarp">Transwarp drive</a> at <a href="/wiki/Memory_Alpha" title="Memory Alpha">Memory Alpha</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Quantum_Slipstream">Quantum slipstream drive</a> at <a href="/wiki/Memory_Alpha" title="Memory Alpha">Memory Alpha</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/warp/warp.html">Warp Drive, When? A NASA feasibility article</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080707043144/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/warp/warp.html">Archived</a> 2008-07-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adamauton.com/warp/">Special Relativity Simulator</a> What would things look like at near-warp speeds?</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/Alcubdrive.html">Alcubierre Warp Drive at the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/364496.stm">"Warp drive possible"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 1999-06-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Warp+drive+possible&rft.date=1999-06-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fscience%2Fnature%2F364496.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWarp+drive" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.discovery.com/space/warp-drive-possible-nasa-tests-100yss-120917.html">The Warp Drive Could Become Science Fact</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121123161102/http://news.discovery.com/space/warp-drive-possible-nasa-tests-100yss-120917.html">Archived</a> 2012-11-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style 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navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series"><i>The Original Series</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series_episodes" title="List of Star Trek: The Original Series episodes">episodes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Animated_Series" title="Star Trek: The Animated Series"><i>The Animated Series</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation" title="Star Trek: The Next Generation"><i>The Next Generation</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation_episodes" title="List of Star Trek: The Next Generation episodes">episodes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine" title="Star Trek: Deep Space Nine"><i>Deep Space Nine</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine_episodes" title="List of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine episodes">episodes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Voyager" title="Star Trek: Voyager"><i>Voyager</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek:_Voyager_episodes" title="List of Star Trek: Voyager episodes">episodes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Enterprise" title="Star Trek: Enterprise"><i>Enterprise</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek:_Enterprise_episodes" title="List of Star Trek: Enterprise episodes">episodes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streaming</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Discovery" title="Star Trek: Discovery"><i>Discovery</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek:_Discovery_episodes" title="List of Star Trek: Discovery episodes">episodes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Short_Treks" title="Star Trek: Short Treks"><i>Short Treks</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Picard" title="Star Trek: Picard"><i>Picard</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Lower_Decks" title="Star Trek: Lower Decks"><i>Lower Decks</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Prodigy" title="Star Trek: Prodigy"><i>Prodigy</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Strange_New_Worlds" title="Star Trek: Strange New Worlds"><i>Strange New Worlds</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Starfleet_Academy_(TV_series)" title="Star Trek: Starfleet Academy (TV series)"><i>Starfleet Academy</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta-shield.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Star Trek logo"><img alt="Star Trek logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Delta-shield.svg/50px-Delta-shield.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Delta-shield.svg/75px-Delta-shield.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Delta-shield.svg/100px-Delta-shield.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="162" /></a></span><br /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_films" title="List of Star Trek films">Films</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>The Original Series</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Motion_Picture" title="Star Trek: The Motion Picture"><i>The Motion Picture</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_II:_The_Wrath_of_Khan" title="Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan"><i>The Wrath of Khan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_III:_The_Search_for_Spock" title="Star Trek III: The Search for Spock"><i>The Search for Spock</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_IV:_The_Voyage_Home" title="Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home"><i>The Voyage Home</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_V:_The_Final_Frontier" title="Star Trek V: The Final Frontier"><i>The Final Frontier</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_VI:_The_Undiscovered_Country" title="Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country"><i>The Undiscovered Country</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>The Next Generation</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_Generations" title="Star Trek Generations"><i>Generations</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_First_Contact" title="Star Trek: First Contact"><i>First Contact</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Insurrection" title="Star Trek: Insurrection"><i>Insurrection</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Nemesis" title="Star Trek: Nemesis"><i>Nemesis</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reboot (Kelvin Timeline)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_(2009_film)" title="Star Trek (2009 film)"><i>Star Trek</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_Into_Darkness" title="Star Trek Into Darkness"><i>Into Darkness</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_Beyond" title="Star Trek Beyond"><i>Beyond</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Section_31" title="Star Trek: Section 31"><i>Section 31</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Setting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_characters" title="List of Star Trek characters">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_characters_(A%E2%80%93F)" title="List of Star Trek characters (A–F)">A–F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_characters_(G%E2%80%93M)" title="List of Star Trek characters (G–M)">G–M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_characters_(N%E2%80%93S)" title="List of Star Trek characters (N–S)">N–S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_characters_(T%E2%80%93Z)" title="List of Star Trek characters (T–Z)">T–Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_crossovers" title="Star Trek crossovers">Crossovers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_games_in_Star_Trek" title="List of games in Star Trek">Games</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kobayashi_Maru" title="Kobayashi Maru">Kobayashi Maru</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_in_Star_Trek" title="Law in Star Trek">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Directive" title="Prime Directive">Prime Directive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_materials" title="List of Star Trek materials">Materials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dilithium_(Star_Trek)" title="Dilithium (Star Trek)">Dilithium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Star_Trek" title="Sexuality in Star Trek">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stardate" title="Stardate">Stardate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_regions_of_space" title="List of Star Trek regions of space">Locations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Class_M_planet" title="Class M planet">Class M planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_regions_of_space#Galactic_quadrants" title="List of Star Trek regions of space">Galactic quadrant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror_Universe" title="Mirror Universe">Mirror Universe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_aliens" title="List of Star Trek aliens">Cultures<br />and species</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andorian" title="Andorian">Andorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajoran" title="Bajoran">Bajoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borg" title="Borg">Borg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breen_(Star_Trek)" title="Breen (Star Trek)">Breen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardassian" title="Cardassian">Cardassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_War#Dominion" title="Dominion War">Dominion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferengi" title="Ferengi">Ferengi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rules_of_Acquisition" title="Rules of Acquisition">Rules of Acquisition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorn" title="Gorn">Gorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazon" title="Kazon">Kazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon" title="Klingon">Klingon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_High_Council" title="Klingon High Council">High Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_culture" title="Klingon culture">culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_language" title="Klingon language">language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_grammar" title="Klingon grammar">grammar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maquis_(Star_Trek)" title="Maquis (Star Trek)">Maquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(Star_Trek)" title="Orion (Star Trek)">Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_(Star_Trek)" title="Q (Star Trek)">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romulan" title="Romulan">Romulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Species_8472" title="Species 8472">Species 8472</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Federation_of_Planets" title="United Federation of Planets">United Federation of Planets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starfleet" title="Starfleet">Starfleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starfleet#Starfleet_Academy" title="Starfleet">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_31_(Star_Trek)" title="Section 31 (Star Trek)">Section 31</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribble" title="Tribble">Tribble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidiians" title="Vidiians">Vidiians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(Star_Trek)" title="Vulcan (Star Trek)">Vulcan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_nerve_pinch" title="Vulcan nerve pinch">nerve pinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_salute" title="Vulcan salute">salute</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_aliens#Xindi" title="List of Star Trek aliens">Xindi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Technology_in_Star_Trek" title="Technology in Star Trek">Technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloaking_device" title="Cloaking device">Cloaking device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communicator_(Star_Trek)" title="Communicator (Star Trek)">Communicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shields_(Star_Trek)" title="Shields (Star Trek)">Deflector shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holodeck" title="Holodeck">Holodeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypospray" title="Hypospray">Hypospray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_travel_in_science_fiction#Slower_than_light" title="Space travel in science fiction">Impulse drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Enterprise_(NCC-1701)#Sets,_sounds,_and_fixtures" title="USS Enterprise (NCC-1701)">Jefferies tube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCARS" title="LCARS">LCARS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_in_Star_Trek#Medical_technology" title="Technology in Star Trek">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replicator_(Star_Trek)" title="Replicator (Star Trek)">Replicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_in_Star_Trek" title="Spacecraft in Star Trek">Spacecraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Nine_(fictional_space_station)" title="Deep Space Nine (fictional space station)">Deep Space Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Defiant" title="USS Defiant"><i>Defiant</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_dock#Star_Trek" title="Space dock">Earth Spacedock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starship_Enterprise" title="Starship Enterprise"><i>Enterprise</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_(NX-01)" title="Enterprise (NX-01)">NX-01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Enterprise_(NCC-1701)" title="USS Enterprise (NCC-1701)">NCC-1701</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Enterprise_(NCC-1701-D)" title="USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-D)">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Enterprise_(NCC-1701-E)" title="USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-E)">E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_starships" title="Klingon starships">Klingon starships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuttlecraft_(Star_Trek)" title="Shuttlecraft (Star Trek)">Shuttlecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Voyager_(Star_Trek)" title="USS Voyager (Star Trek)"><i>Voyager</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transporter_(Star_Trek)" title="Transporter (Star Trek)">Transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricorder" title="Tricorder">Tricorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_uniforms" title="Star Trek uniforms">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Warp drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_in_Star_Trek" title="Weapons in Star Trek">Weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bat%27leth" title="Bat'leth">Bat'leth</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_production_staff" title="List of Star Trek production staff">List of staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Roddenberry" title="Gene Roddenberry">Gene Roddenberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway_Corporation" title="Norway Corporation">Norway Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_composers_and_music" title="List of Star Trek composers and music">Composers and music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theme_from_Star_Trek" title="Theme from Star Trek">musical theme</a></li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Where_no_man_has_gone_before" title="Where no man has gone before">Where no man has gone before</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Beam_me_up,_Scotty" title="Beam me up, Scotty">Beam me up, Scotty</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redshirt_(stock_character)" title="Redshirt (stock character)">Redshirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_accolades_received_by_Star_Trek_(film_franchise)" title="List of accolades received by Star Trek (film franchise)">Accolades (film franchise)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unmade projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_God_Thing" title="Star Trek: The God Thing"><i>The God Thing</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Planet_of_the_Titans" title="Star Trek: Planet of the Titans"><i>Planet of the Titans</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Phase_II" title="Star Trek: Phase II"><i>Phase II</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_Star_Trek_4" title="Development of Star Trek 4"><i>Star Trek 4</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_spin-off_fiction" title="Star Trek spin-off fiction">Spin-off fiction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_games" title="List of Star Trek games">Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_(comics)" title="Star Trek (comics)">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_novels" title="List of Star Trek novels">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Trek_tie-in_fiction" title="List of Star Trek tie-in fiction">Reference books</a></li> <li>Stage <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Klingon_Christmas_Carol" title="A Klingon Christmas Carol">A Klingon Christmas Carol</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BCu%CA%BC" title="ʼuʼ">Klingon opera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Very_Short_Treks" title="Star Trek: Very Short Treks"><i>Very Short Treks</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Khan_(audio_drama_series)" title="Star Trek: Khan (audio drama series)"><i>Khan</i> audio drama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aftershows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/After_Trek" title="After Trek">After Trek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ready_Room" title="The Ready Room">The Ready Room</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trekkies_(film)" title="Trekkies (film)"><i>Trekkies</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mind_Meld" title="Mind Meld">Mind Meld</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trekkies_2" title="Trekkies 2">Trekkies 2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_William_Shatner_Changed_the_World" title="How William Shatner Changed the World">How William Shatner Changed the World</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Beyond_the_Final_Frontier" title="Star Trek: Beyond the Final Frontier"><i>Beyond the Final Frontier</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Captains_(film)" title="The Captains (film)"><i>The Captains</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trek_Nation" title="Trek Nation">Trek Nation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_the_Love_of_Spock" title="For the Love of Spock">For the Love of Spock</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine#What_We_Left_Behind:_Looking_Back_at_Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine" title="Star Trek: Deep Space Nine"><i>What We Left Behind</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_influence_of_Star_Trek" title="Cultural influence of Star Trek">Cultural influence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Contact_Day" title="First Contact Day">First Contact Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_Day" title="Star Trek Day"><i>Star Trek</i> Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_and_Uhura%27s_kiss" title="Kirk and Uhura's kiss">Kirk and Uhura's kiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Star_Trek_and_Star_Wars" title="Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars">Comparison to <i>Star Wars</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trekkie" title="Trekkie">Fandom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_fan_productions" title="Star Trek fan productions">productions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk/Spock" title="Kirk/Spock">Kirk/Spock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_Alpha" title="Memory Alpha">Memory Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_and_Star_Trek" title="Shakespeare and Star Trek">Shakespeare and <i>Star Trek</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Exhibition" title="Star Trek: The Exhibition">The Exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Experience" title="Star Trek: The Experience">The Experience</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Last_Voyage_of_the_Starship_Enterprise" title="The Last Voyage of the Starship Enterprise">The Last Voyage of the Starship <i>Enterprise</i></a>" (1976 <i>SNL</i> sketch)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Enterprise_(film)" title="Free Enterprise (film)"><i>Free Enterprise</i></a> (1999 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Quest" title="Galaxy Quest">Galaxy Quest</a></i> (1999 film)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Where_No_Fan_Has_Gone_Before" title="Where No Fan Has Gone Before">Where No Fan Has Gone Before</a>" (2002 <i>Futurama</i> episode)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Orville" title="The Orville">The Orville</a></i> (2017 television series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Please_Stand_By" title="Please Stand By">Please Stand By</a></i> (2017 film)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/USS_Callister" title="USS Callister">USS Callister</a>" (2017 <i>Black Mirror</i> episode)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Star_Trek" title="Category:Star Trek">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Emerging_technologies167" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Emerging_technologies" title="Template:Emerging technologies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Emerging_technologies" title="Template talk:Emerging technologies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Emerging_technologies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Emerging technologies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Emerging_technologies167" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Emerging_technologies" title="Emerging technologies">Emerging technologies</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_space_science" title="Outline of space science">Space science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Space_launch" title="Space launch">Launch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fusion_rocket" title="Fusion rocket">Fusion rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-rocket_spacelaunch" title="Non-rocket spacelaunch">Non-rocket spacelaunch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_driver" title="Mass driver">Mass driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_ring" title="Orbital ring">Orbital ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyhook_(structure)" title="Skyhook (structure)">Skyhook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_elevator" title="Space elevator">Space elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_fountain" title="Space fountain">Space fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_tether" title="Space tether">Space tether</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_vehicle" title="Reusable launch vehicle">Reusable launch vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion" title="Spacecraft propulsion">Propulsion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beam-powered_propulsion" title="Beam-powered propulsion">Beam-powered propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_thruster" title="Ion thruster">Ion thruster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_propulsion" title="Laser propulsion">Laser propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_pulse_propulsion" title="Nuclear pulse propulsion">Nuclear pulse propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_propulsion_engine" title="Plasma propulsion engine">Plasma propulsion engine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helicon_double-layer_thruster" title="Helicon double-layer thruster">Helicon thruster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket" title="Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket">VASIMR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_sail" title="Solar sail">Solar sail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_travel" title="Interstellar travel">Interstellar travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_communication_in_space" title="Laser communication in space">Laser communication in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_propellant_depot" title="Orbital propellant depot">Orbital propellant depot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automation" title="Automation">Automation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collingridge_dilemma" title="Collingridge dilemma">Collingridge dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_technological_development" title="Differential technological development">Differential technological development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disruptive_innovation" title="Disruptive innovation">Disruptive innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephemeralization" title="Ephemeralization">Ephemeralization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_technology" title="Ethics of technology">Ethics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bioethics" title="Bioethics">Bioethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberethics" title="Cyberethics">Cyberethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroethics" title="Neuroethics">Neuroethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robot_ethics" title="Robot ethics">Robot ethics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploratory_engineering" title="Exploratory engineering">Exploratory engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proactionary_principle" title="Proactionary principle">Proactionary principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_change" title="Technological change">Technological change</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technological_unemployment" title="Technological unemployment">Technological unemployment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_convergence" title="Technological convergence">Technological convergence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_evolution" title="Technological evolution">Technological evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_paradigm" title="Technological paradigm">Technological paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_forecasting" title="Technology forecasting">Technology forecasting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accelerating_change" title="Accelerating change">Accelerating change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future-oriented_technology_analysis" title="Future-oriented technology analysis">Future-oriented technology analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizon_scanning" title="Horizon scanning">Horizon scanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moore%27s_law" title="Moore's law">Moore's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_singularity" title="Technological singularity">Technological singularity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_scouting" title="Technology scouting">Technology scouting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_in_science_fiction" title="Technology in science fiction">Technology in science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_readiness_level" title="Technology readiness level">Technology readiness level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_roadmap" title="Technology roadmap">Technology roadmap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_emerging_technologies" title="List of emerging technologies">List</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Science_fiction458" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Science_fiction" title="Template:Science fiction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Science_fiction" title="Template talk:Science fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Science_fiction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Science fiction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Science_fiction458" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_science_fiction" title="Outline of science fiction">Outline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science-fiction_authors" title="List of science-fiction authors">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Definitions_of_science_fiction" title="Definitions of science fiction">Definitions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropological_science_fiction" title="Anthropological science fiction">Anthropological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_science_fiction" title="Hard science fiction">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_romance" title="Scientific romance">Scientific romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_science_fiction" title="Soft science fiction">Soft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Science_Fiction" title="Golden Age of Science Fiction">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_science_fiction" title="History of science fiction">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_science_fiction" title="Timeline of science fiction">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apocalyptic_and_post-apocalyptic_fiction" title="Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction">Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_sitcoms" class="mw-redirect" title="List of science fiction sitcoms">Sitcoms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_science_fiction" title="Feminist science fiction">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimdark" title="Grimdark">Grimdark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_space_(science_fiction)" title="Inner space (science fiction)">Inner space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime and manga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundane_science_fiction" title="Mundane science fiction">Mundane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_warfare_in_science_fiction" title="Space warfare in science fiction">Space warfare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">Parallel universes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dying_Earth_(genre)" title="Dying Earth (genre)">Dying Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_romance" title="Planetary romance">Planetary romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sword and planet">Sword and planet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_science_fiction" title="Social science fiction">Social</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_fiction" title="Climate fiction">Climate fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_science_fiction" title="Christian science fiction">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_science_fiction" title="Libertarian science fiction">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_and_dystopian_fiction" title="Utopian and dystopian fiction">Utopian and dystopian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spy-Fi_(subgenre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spy-Fi (subgenre)">Spy-Fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno-thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_underwater_science_fiction_works" title="List of underwater science fiction works">Underwater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk_derivatives" title="Cyberpunk derivatives">Cyberpunk derivatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biopunk" title="Biopunk">Biopunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieselpunk" title="Dieselpunk">Dieselpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanopunk" title="Nanopunk">Nanopunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solarpunk" title="Solarpunk">Solarpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_convention" title="Science fiction convention">Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_fandom" title="Science fiction fandom">Fandom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science-fiction_fanzine" title="Science-fiction fanzine">Fanzines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">ISFDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_libraries_and_museums" title="Science fiction libraries and museums">Libraries and museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMP_Museum#Science_Fiction_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="EMP Museum">Science Fiction Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_studies" title="Science fiction studies">Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_speculative_fiction" title="Women in speculative fiction">Women in SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldcon" title="Worldcon">Worldcon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_science_fiction" title="Australian science fiction">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_science_fiction" title="Bengali science fiction">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_science_fiction" title="Brazilian science fiction">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_science_fiction" title="Canadian science fiction">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_science_fiction" title="Chilean science fiction">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_science_fiction" title="Chinese science fiction">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_science_fiction" title="Croatian science fiction">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_science_fiction_and_fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech science fiction and fantasy">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_science_fiction" title="Estonian science fiction">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_science_fiction" title="French science fiction">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_science_fiction" title="Hungarian science fiction">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_science_fiction" title="Norwegian science fiction">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_and_fantasy_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Science fiction and fantasy in Poland">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_science_fiction" title="Romanian science fiction">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_science_fiction_and_fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian science fiction and fantasy">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_science_fiction" title="Serbian science fiction">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_science_fiction" title="Spanish science fiction">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_science_fiction" title="Yugoslav science fiction">Yugoslav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cinematic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne_Awards" title="Jules Verne Awards">Jules Verne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Awards" title="Saturn Awards">Saturn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literary, art,<br />and audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astounding_Award_for_Best_New_Writer" title="Astounding Award for Best New Writer">Astounding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurealis_Award" title="Aurealis Award">Aurealis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award" title="BSFA Award">BSFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Campbell_Memorial_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Campbell Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesley_Awards" title="Chesley Awards">Chesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke_Award" title="Arthur C. Clarke Award">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Crook_Award" title="Compton Crook Award">Crook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Science_Fiction_Preis" title="Deutscher Science Fiction Preis">Deutscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Dick_Award" title="Philip K. Dick Award">Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditmar_Award" title="Ditmar Award">Ditmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endeavour_Award" title="Endeavour Award">Endeavor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FantLab%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award" title="FantLab's Book of the Year Award">FantLab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Award_(China)" title="Galaxy Award (China)">Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Gaughan_Award" title="Jack Gaughan Award">Gaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geffen_Award" title="Geffen Award">Geffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Duck_Award" title="Golden Duck Award">Golden Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damon_Knight_Memorial_Grand_Master_Award" title="Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award">Grand Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_prix_de_l%27Imaginaire" title="Grand prix de l'Imaginaire">Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Harland_Prize" title="Paul Harland Prize">Harland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein_Award" title="Robert A. Heinlein Award">Heinlein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Ignotus" title="Premio Ignotus">Ignotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitschies" title="Kitschies">Kitschies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lambda_Literary_Awards_winners_and_nominees_for_science_fiction,_fantasy_and_horror" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Lambda Literary Awards winners and nominees for science fiction, fantasy and horror">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurd_La%C3%9Fwitz_Award" title="Kurd Laßwitz Award">Laßwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautilus_Award" title="Nautilus Award">Nautilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebula_Award" title="Nebula Award">Nebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nommo_Awards" title="Nommo Awards">Nommo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Norton_Award" title="Andre Norton Award">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsec_Awards" title="Parsec Awards">Parsec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Award" title="Prometheus Award">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhysling_Award" title="Rhysling Award">Rhysling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SFERA_Award" title="SFERA Award">SFERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewise_Award_for_Alternate_History" title="Sidewise Award for Alternate History">Sidewise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Smith_Memorial_Award" title="Edward E. Smith Memorial Award">Skylark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sturgeon_Award" title="Theodore Sturgeon Award">Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunburst_Award" title="Sunburst Award">Sunburst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4htivaeltaja_Award" title="Tähtivaeltaja Award">Tähtivaeltaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBD_Science_Fiction_Story_Award" title="TBD Science Fiction Story Award">TBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Tiptree_Jr._Award" class="mw-redirect" title="James Tiptree Jr. Award">Tiptree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Apollo_Award" title="Prix Apollo Award">Tour-Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_%26_Fantasy_Translation_Awards" title="Science Fiction & Fantasy Translation Awards">Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania_Award" title="Urania Award">Urania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Julius_Vogel_Award" title="Sir Julius Vogel Award">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writers_of_the_Future" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers of the Future">Writers and Illustrators of the Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janusz_A._Zajdel_Award" title="Janusz A. Zajdel Award">Zajdel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multimedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurora_Awards" title="Aurora Awards">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler_Award" title="Chandler Award">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Awards" title="Dragon Awards">Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seiun_Award" title="Seiun Award">Seiun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaylactic_Spectrum_Awards" title="Gaylactic Spectrum Awards">Spectrum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_science_fiction_films" title="History of science fiction films">Film history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_science_fiction_films" title="Lists of science fiction films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_films_in_India" title="Science fiction films in India">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_anime" title="List of science fiction anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comics" title="Science fiction comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_magazine" title="Science fiction magazine">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_novels" title="List of science fiction novels">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_publishers" title="List of science fiction publishers">Publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_short_stories" title="List of science fiction short stories">Short stories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_opera" title="Science fiction opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_theatre" title="Science fiction theatre">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_on_television" title="Science fiction on television">Television</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_television_programs" title="List of science fiction television programs">List of TV shows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_science_fiction_television" title="Australian science fiction television">Australasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_television_science_fiction" title="British television science fiction">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_science_fiction_television" title="Canadian science fiction television">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_on_television#Continental_European_science_fiction_series" title="Science fiction on television">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_anime" title="List of science fiction anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Live-action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._television_science_fiction" title="U.S. television science fiction">U.S.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_themes" title="List of science fiction themes">Themes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_architecture" title="Space architecture">Architectural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_colonization" title="Space colonization">Colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyson_sphere" title="Dyson sphere">Dyson sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrioshka_brain" title="Matrioshka brain">Matrioshka brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_stations_and_habitats_in_fiction" title="Space stations and habitats in fiction">Space stations and habitats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_engine" title="Stellar engine">Stellar engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraforming_in_popular_culture" title="Terraforming in popular culture">Terraforming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topopolis" title="Topopolis">Topopolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biology_in_fiction" title="Biology in fiction">Biological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare_in_popular_culture" title="Biological warfare in popular culture">Biological warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_being" title="Energy being">Energy being</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_in_fiction" title="Evolution in fiction">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrials_in_fiction" title="Extraterrestrials in fiction">Extraterrestrials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_extraterrestrials" title="Lists of fictional extraterrestrials">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_speculative_fiction" title="Gender in speculative fiction">Gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_engineering_in_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in science fiction">Genetic engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invisibility_in_fiction" title="Invisibility in fiction">Invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanotechnology_in_fiction" title="Nanotechnology in fiction">Nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_transplantation_in_fiction" title="Organ transplantation in fiction">Organ transplantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasites_in_fiction" title="Parasites in fiction">Parasites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosthetics_in_fiction" title="Prosthetics in fiction">Prosthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_sexuality_in_speculative_fiction" title="Sex and sexuality in speculative fiction">Sex and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbiosis_in_fiction" title="Symbiosis in fiction">Symbiosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansible" title="Ansible">Ansible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_holes_in_fiction" title="Black holes in fiction">Black holes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction" title="Extrasolar planets in fiction">Extrasolar planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_field_(technology)" title="Force field (technology)">Force field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperspace" title="Hyperspace">Hyperspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertialess_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Inertialess drive">Inertialess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiverse" title="Multiverse">Multiverse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">Parallel universes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_hole" title="Portable hole">Portable hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_travel_in_science_fiction" title="Space travel in science fiction">Space travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(device)" title="Stargate (device)">Stargate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stars_in_fiction" title="Stars in fiction">Stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleportation_in_fiction" title="Teleportation in fiction">Teleportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel_in_fiction" title="Time travel in fiction">Time travel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_viewer" title="Time viewer">Viewer</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Warp drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wormholes_in_fiction" title="Wormholes in fiction">Wormhole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Psychological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_mind_(science_fiction)" title="Group mind (science fiction)">Group mind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_uploading_in_fiction" title="Mind uploading in fiction">Mind uploading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psionics" title="Psionics">Psionics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulated_consciousness_in_fiction" title="Simulated consciousness in fiction">Simulated consciousness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africanfuturism" title="Africanfuturism">Africanfuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrofuturism" title="Afrofuturism">Afrofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_invasion" title="Alien invasion">Alien invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_language" title="Alien language">Alien language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_astronauts_in_popular_culture" title="Ancient astronauts in popular culture">Ancient astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_science_fiction" title="Black science fiction">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_corporation" title="Evil corporation">Evil corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_contact_(science_fiction)" title="First contact (science fiction)">First contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein_complex" title="Frankenstein complex">Frankenstein complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_empire" title="Galactic empire">Galactic empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_speculative_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT themes in speculative fiction">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_from_space_(science_fiction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Message from space (science fiction)">Message from space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanism_in_fiction" title="Transhumanism in fiction">Transhumanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uplift_(science_fiction)" title="Uplift (science fiction)">Uplift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenoarchaeology" title="Xenoarchaeology">Xenoarchaeology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_fiction" title="Artificial intelligence in fiction">Artificial intelligence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AI_takeover_in_popular_culture" title="AI takeover in popular culture">AI takeover</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_engineering" title="Astronomical engineering">Astroengineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holography_in_fiction" title="Holography in fiction">Holography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_robots_and_androids" title="List of fictional robots and androids">Robots</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyborgs_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyborgs in fiction">Cyborgs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-replicating_machines_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-replicating machines in fiction">Self-replicating machines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulated_reality" title="Simulated reality">Simulated reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_spacecraft" title="List of fictional spacecraft">Spacecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachyons_in_fiction" title="Tachyons in fiction">Tachyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_in_science_fiction" title="Weapons in science fiction">Weapons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_science_fiction" title="Christian science fiction">Christian science fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_astronauts" title="Lists of fictional astronauts">Fictional 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