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href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-拉丁语" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#拉丁语"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>拉丁语</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-拉丁语-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-芬蘭語" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#芬蘭語"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>芬蘭語</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-芬蘭語-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-各個格的相對關係" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#各個格的相對關係"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>各個格的相對關係</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-各個格的相對關係-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-突厥诸语" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#突厥诸语"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>突厥诸语</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-突厥诸语-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关突厥诸语子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-突厥诸语-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-古突厥语" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#古突厥语"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>古突厥语</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-古突厥语-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-土耳其语" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#土耳其语"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>土耳其语</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-土耳其语-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-楚科奇语" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#楚科奇语"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>楚科奇语</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-楚科奇语-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-藏語" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#藏語"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>藏語</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-藏語-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參閱" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參閱"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>參閱</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參閱-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">离格</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。59种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%AB" title="حالة الاجتثاث – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حالة الاجتثاث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%B1x%C4%B1%C5%9Fl%C4%B1q_hal" title="Çıxışlıq hal – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Çıxışlıq hal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Аблатив – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аблатив" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95" title="অপাদান কারক – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অপাদান কারক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troad_ablativel" title="Troad ablativel – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Troad ablativel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas_ablatiu" title="Cas ablatiu – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cas ablatiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatif" title="Ablatif – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ablatif" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Αφαιρετική – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αφαιρετική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablative_case" title="Ablative case – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ablative case" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativo" title="Ablativo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ablativo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativo_(gram%C3%A1tica)" title="Ablativo (gramática) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ablativo (gramática)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alalt%C3%BCtlev_k%C3%A4%C3%A4ne" title="Alaltütlev kääne – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alaltütlev kääne" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatibo" title="Ablatibo – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ablatibo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativu" title="Ablativu – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ablativu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="حالت ازی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حالت ازی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatiivi" title="Ablatiivi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ablatiivi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4%C3%A4ltk%C3%A4%C3%A4n%C3%BCs" title="Päältkäänüs – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Päältkäänüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatif" title="Ablatif – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ablatif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuiseal_ochsla%C3%ADoch" title="Tuiseal ochslaíoch – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tuiseal ochslaíoch" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativo" title="Ablativo – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ablativo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatiw" title="Ablatiw – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ablatiw" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hat%C3%A1roz%C3%B3i_eset" title="Határozói eset – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Határozói eset" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Բացառական հոլով – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բացառական հոլով" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativus" title="Ablativus – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ablativus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativo" title="Ablativo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ablativo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sviptifall" title="Sviptifall – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sviptifall" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativo" title="Ablativo – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ablativo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%AA%E6%A0%BC" title="奪格 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="奪格" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasus_ablatif" title="Kasus ablatif – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kasus ablatif" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Аблатив – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аблатив" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%88%EA%B2%A9" title="탈격 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탈격" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativus" title="Ablativus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ablativus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatief" title="Ablatief – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ablatief" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abliatyvas" title="Abliatyvas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Abliatyvas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablat%C4%ABvs" title="Ablatīvs – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ablatīvs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Аблатив – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аблатив" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatief" title="Ablatief – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ablatief" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablatyw" title="Ablatyw – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ablatyw" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caso_ablativo" title="Caso ablativo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Caso ablativo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cazul_ablativ" title="Cazul ablativ – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cazul ablativ" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Аблатив – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аблатив" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablat%C3%ADv" title="Ablatív – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ablatív" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasa_rrjedhore" title="Rasa rrjedhore – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rasa rrjedhore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Аблатив – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аблатив" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ablativ" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5" title="Чыгыш килеше – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Чыгыш килеше" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Аблатив – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аблатив" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ablativo" title="Ablativo – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ablativo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC" title="离格 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="离格" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%A0%BC" title="離格 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="離格" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q156986#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccf;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC_(%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95)" title="格 (语法)">格</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%A0%BC" title="主格">主格</a>（A=S）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E6%A0%BC" title="宾格">宾格</a>（P; P=T）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E6%A0%BC" title="作格">作格</a>（A）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%A0%BC" title="通格">通格</a>（S=P）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%BC" title="与格">与格</a>（G）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="直接格">直接格</a>（A=P=S）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%93%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="間接格">间接格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E6%A0%BC" title="属格">属格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%A0%BC" title="呼格">呼格</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">夺格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="工具格">工具格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%BD%8D%E6%A0%BC" title="方位格">方位格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A0%E6%A0%BC" title="欠格">欠格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%91%E6%A0%BC" title="向格">向格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%A0%BC" title="共格">共格</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="text-align: left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="语法格列表">语法格列表</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="text-align: left;"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="配列">配列</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Case_table" title="Template:Case table"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Case_table" title="Template talk:Case table"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Case_table" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Case table"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>离格</b>（英語：<span lang="en">ablative case</span>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E9%97%B4%E6%A0%87%E6%B3%A8%E7%BC%A9%E5%86%99%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="行间标注缩写列表（页面不存在）">缩写</a>： <b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71146900">.mw-parser-output .smallcaps-all{font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase}.mw-parser-output .smallcaps-all>span{font-variant:normal;text-transform:none}</style><span class="smallcaps-all">ABL</span></b>），又称<b>奪格</b>、<b>从格</b>，是一種<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC_(%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95)" title="格 (语法)">格</a>，有些語言在表示離開某個地方或表示某個東西從某些地方來時會用到這個格。該格有出现在<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="拉丁语">拉丁语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AF%AD" title="梵语">梵语</a>等原始<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="印欧语系">印欧语系</a>语言中，但是<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="蒙古语">蒙古语</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="藏语">藏语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="芬兰语">芬兰语</a>中也有类似的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC_(%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95)" title="格 (语法)">格</a>。 <sup id="cite_ref-latindict_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latindict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="拉丁语"><span id=".E6.8B.89.E4.B8.81.E8.AF.AD"></span>拉丁语</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：拉丁语"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="拉丁语">拉丁语</a>的离格（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>：<span lang="la">casus ablativus</span>）同时具有离格、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="工具格">工具格</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%BD%8D%E6%A0%BC" title="方位格">方位格</a>的功能。除此之外，拉丁语的离格还具有其他许多功能，包括原因离格（表明由什么产生）、时间离格（表示“在某一时间”，来源于方位格）、做某些動詞的受詞以及绝对离格<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="芬蘭語"><span id=".E8.8A.AC.E8.98.AD.E8.AA.9E"></span>芬蘭語</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：芬蘭語"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="芬兰语">芬兰语</a>中，离格是六种位置格之一，表示“从某个表面/平面”出来，和<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E6%A0%BC" title="出格">出格</a>（elative“从某种东西里面”出来）有明显的区别。除了离格和出格，芬兰语位置格还包括： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E6%A0%BC" title="內格">内格</a>（inessive case）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="接格">接格</a>（adessive case）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="入格">入格</a>（illative case）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%91%E6%A0%BC" title="向格">向格</a>（allative case）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="各個格的相對關係"><span id=".E5.90.84.E5.80.8B.E6.A0.BC.E7.9A.84.E7.9B.B8.E5.B0.8D.E9.97.9C.E4.BF.82"></span>各個格的相對關係</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：各個格的相對關係"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="芬兰语">芬兰语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="爱沙尼亚语">爱沙尼亚语</a>，和匈牙利语等<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="乌拉尔语系">乌拉尔语系</a><sup id="cite_ref-PanuMäkinen--AdvCases_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PanuMäkinen--AdvCases-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>常见的方位格如下： </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th>静止 </th> <th>起点 </th> <th>终点 </th> <th><small>使役(成份)</small> </th></tr> <tr> <th>内部 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E6%A0%BC" title="內格">内格</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E6%A0%BC" title="出格">出格</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="入格">入格</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%A0%BC" title="上格">上格</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>外部 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="接格">接格</a> </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">离格</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%91%E6%A0%BC" title="向格">向格</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B6%E6%A0%BC" title="顶格">頂格</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="突厥诸语"><span id=".E7.AA.81.E5.8E.A5.E8.AF.B8.E8.AF.AD"></span>突厥诸语</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：突厥诸语"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="突厥语族">突厥诸语</a>的研究与教学中，离格一般称为<b>从格</b><sup id="cite_ref-李增祥（2011）_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-李增祥（2011）-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，突厥诸语普遍具有離格(从格)的語法結構<sup id="cite_ref-李增祥（2011）_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-李增祥（2011）-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="古突厥语"><span id=".E5.8F.A4.E7.AA.81.E5.8E.A5.E8.AF.AD"></span>古突厥语</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：古突厥语"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>古突厥语的離格(从格)可以表达行为或事物的来源、原因等意义，还可以表示比较<sup id="cite_ref-耿世民，魏萃一（2010）_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-耿世民，魏萃一（2010）-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，離格(从格)后缀为-DIn/-DUn，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E9%B9%98%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="回鹘文">回鹘文</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE" title="文献">文献</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%BC%E6%95%99" title="摩尼教">摩尼教</a>文献中也见-DAn<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>如äw-din“从屋子里”，käyiktän“从野兽那里”。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="土耳其语"><span id=".E5.9C.9F.E8.80.B3.E5.85.B6.E8.AF.AD"></span>土耳其语</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：土耳其语"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95" title="土耳其語文法">土耳其語文法</a></div> <p>離格(從格)在土耳其語除了可以表達空間或時間推移上的起始點外，也可用於以闡述原因、或則表示某物體的組成原料<sup id="cite_ref-tiongke_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tiongke-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。而土耳其语的離格(从格)后缀为-DAn。如ev-den“从屋子里”，attan“从马那里”。<sup id="cite_ref-李增祥（2011）_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-李增祥（2011）-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。İstanbul'<b>dan</b> lokum aldım. (我在伊斯坦堡買了土耳其式軟糖)<sup id="cite_ref-tiongke_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tiongke-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="楚科奇语"><span id=".E6.A5.9A.E7.A7.91.E5.A5.87.E8.AF.AD"></span>楚科奇语</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：楚科奇语"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%A5%87%E8%AF%AD" title="楚科奇语">楚科奇语</a>中，离格后缀-jpə使阴性的词根变成阳性：<i>kupre-n</i> “网络”的离格形式是<i>kopra-jpə</i>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="藏語"><span id=".E8.97.8F.E8.AA.9E"></span>藏語</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：藏語"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>藏語中的離格(從格) -ནས་ལས nas las/-ལས las，還用於比較對象。ཁྲུང་ཁྲུང་ལས་རྨབྱ་གཟུགས་མཛེས། “孔雀比鹤漂亮”。ཁྲུང་ཁྲུང（鹤）+ལས（las）比鶴。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-latindict-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-latindict_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/101/ablative3.pdf">The Ablative</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. The Latin Library. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2006-01-14</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/101/ablative3.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2022-10-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&rft.atitle=The+Ablative&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Latin+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelatinlibrary.com%2F101%2Fablative3.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170918165950/http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/101/ablative3.pdf">The Ablative</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-06-16</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/101/ablative3.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2017-09-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&rft.btitle=The+Ablative&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelatinlibrary.com%2F101%2Fablative3.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PanuMäkinen--AdvCases-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PanuMäkinen--AdvCases_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Mäkinen, Panu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190511205833/http://users.jyu.fi/~pamakine/kieli/suomi/sijat/sijatadverbien.html">Finnish Grammar - Adverbial Cases</a>. users.jyu.fi. University of Jyväskylä. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2015]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://users.jyu.fi/~pamakine/kieli/suomi/sijat/sijatadverbien.html">原始内容</a>存档于2019-05-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&rft.atitle=Finnish+Grammar+-+Adverbial+Cases&rft.aufirst=Panu&rft.aulast=M%C3%A4kinen&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=users.jyu.fi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusers.jyu.fi%2F~pamakine%2Fkieli%2Fsuomi%2Fsijat%2Fsijatadverbien.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-李增祥（2011）-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-李增祥（2011）_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-李增祥（2011）_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-李增祥（2011）_4-2"><sup><b>4.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#李增祥（2011）">李增祥（2011）</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926092909/https://cpbae.nccu.edu.tw/cpbae/getClass?id=5550441">土耳其語班 (T1~T3)｜政大公企中心</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-06-16</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cpbae.nccu.edu.tw/cpbae/getClass?id=5550441">原始内容</a>存档于2020-09-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&rft.btitle=%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E%E7%8F%AD+%28T1~T3%29%EF%BD%9C%E6%94%BF%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcpbae.nccu.edu.tw%2Fcpbae%2FgetClass%3Fid%3D5550441&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-耿世民，魏萃一（2010）-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-耿世民，魏萃一（2010）_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#耿世民，魏萃一（2010）">耿世民，魏萃一（2010）</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D表示t与d，随前接词汇最后一个辅音的清浊而变化；I表示i与ï，U表示u与ü，A表示a与ä（土耳其语则是a与e），随<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E5%92%8C%E8%AB%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="元音和諧">元音和谐律</a>而变化。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tiongke-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tiongke_8-0"><sup><b>8.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tiongke_8-1"><sup><b>8.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">曾蘭雅,"土耳其語中在格，從格，及到格與漢語對譯問題初探--以Hitit第一冊教材為例<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/bitstream/140.119/2706/1/1.pdf">[1]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170811073128/https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/bitstream/140.119/2706/1/1.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）,<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="政治大學">政治大學</a>土耳其語文學系,外國語文文學專刊創刊號,pp.151-174,2006-6.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite id="李增祥（2011）" class="citation book">李增祥. 突厥语言学基础. 北京: 中央民族大学出版社. 2011. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-81108-956-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-81108-956-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-81108-956-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A2%9E%E7%A5%A5&rft.btitle=%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%A6%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-81108-956-1&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="耿世民，魏萃一（2010）" class="citation book">耿世民; 魏萃一. 古代突厥语语法. 北京: 中央民族大学出版社. 2010. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-81108-824-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-81108-824-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-81108-824-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&rft.au=%E8%80%BF%E4%B8%96%E6%B0%91&rft.au=%E9%AD%8F%E8%90%83%E4%B8%80&rft.btitle=%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-81108-824-3&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參閱"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E9.96.B1"></span>參閱</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：參閱"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-count:2; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="语法格列表">語法格列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%A0%BC" title="主格">主格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E6%A0%BC" title="宾格">宾格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%BC" title="与格">与格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%A0%BC" title="呼格">呼格</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%BB%E5%8A%A8%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="主动格（页面不存在）">主动格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E6%A0%BC" title="属格">属格</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%BB%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAblativeCase.htm">What is the ablative case?</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20121018124219/http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAblativeCase.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hungarianreference.com/Nouns/tól-tol-ablative.aspx">Ablative case in Hungarian</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210224230849/http://www.hungarianreference.com/Nouns/t%C3%B3l-tol-ablative.aspx">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="語法格" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammatical_cases" title="Template:Grammatical cases"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammatical_cases" title="Template talk:Grammatical cases"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Grammatical_cases" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Grammatical cases"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="語法格" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC_(%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95)" title="格 (语法)">語法格</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="语法格列表">语法格列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E6%A0%BC" title="变格">变格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A5%E6%B3%95%E5%BD%A2%E6%80%81%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" class="mw-redirect" title="句法形态配列">句法形态配列</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="格位" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">格位</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A5%E6%B3%95%E5%BD%A2%E6%80%81%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" class="mw-redirect" title="句法形态配列">句法形态配列</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%A0%BC" title="通格">通格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E6%A0%BC" title="宾格">宾格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="直接格">直接格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E6%A0%BC" title="作格">作格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8A%E7%89%A9%E6%A0%BC" title="及物格">及物格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%8A%E7%89%A9%E6%A0%BC" title="不及物格">不及物格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%A0%BC" title="主格">主格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%9C%E6%A0%BC" title="斜格">斜格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86%E6%A0%BC" title="部分格">部分格</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">位置、時間、方向</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">离格</a>(夺格)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="接格">接格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%91%E6%A0%BC" title="向格">向格</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前格（页面不存在）">前格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%A7%E6%A0%BC" title="侧格">侧格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%A0%BC" title="上格">上格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%A0%BC" title="分格">分格</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%88%86%E6%A0%BC" title="时分格">时分格</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%8B%E6%A0%BC" title="始格">始格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E6%A0%BC" title="出格">出格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="入格">入格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E6%A0%BC" title="內格">内格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B7%E7%82%B9%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-disambig" title="起点格">起点格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%9B%B4%E6%A0%BC" title="包围格">包围格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%BA%E6%A0%BC" title="携格">携格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%BD%8D%E6%A0%BC" title="方位格">方位格</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="性位格" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Locative-qualitative case"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A7%E4%BD%8D%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="性位格（页面不存在）">性位格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative-qualitative_case" class="extiw" title="en:Locative-qualitative case"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Locative-qualitative case</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BF%E8%B6%8A%E6%A0%BC" title="穿越格">穿越格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A6%E7%A2%B0%E6%A0%BC" title="触碰格">触碰格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E6%A0%BC" title="后格">后格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E5%B1%95%E6%A0%BC" title="延展格">延展格</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">离格</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%95%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="底格（页面不存在）">底格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%8B%E6%A0%BC" title="上下格">上下格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B6%E6%A0%BC" title="顶格">顶格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%A8%E8%B6%8A%E6%A0%BC" title="跨越格">跨越格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E6%A0%BC" title="時格">时格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%B0%E6%A0%BC" title="到格">到格</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">所有、隨伴、工具</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A0%E6%A0%BC" title="欠格">欠格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E6%A0%BC" title="共格">共格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8E%E6%A0%BC" title="与格">与格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E6%A0%BC" title="属格">属格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="工具格">工具格</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%B4%E5%85%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="伴具格">伴具格</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B1%E6%A0%BC" title="梱格">梱格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E5%90%8C%E6%A0%BC" title="协同格">协同格</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">狀態、法式</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B6%E8%AF%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="状语格">状语格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E8%BE%83%E6%A0%BC" title="比较格">比较格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E5%90%8C%E6%A0%BC" title="等同格">等同格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="样格">样格</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%85%E6%80%81%E6%A0%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="情态样格">情态样格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E6%A0%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="形式样格">形式样格</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E5%8F%98%E6%A0%BC" title="转变格">转变格</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%A8%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="质格（页面不存在）">质格</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AD%89%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="等格（页面不存在）">等格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%AE%B5%E6%A0%BC" title="手段格">手段格</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%AC%E5%90%91%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="转向格（页面不存在）">转向格</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反格（页面不存在）">反格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%BB%E6%A0%BC" title="类格">类格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E7%A7%BB%E6%A0%BC" title="转移格">转移格</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">使役、目的</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BF%E6%A0%BC" title="避格">避格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E6%A0%BC" title="益格">益格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%A0%BC" title="因格">因格</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%88%E5%9B%A0%E6%A0%BC" title="终因格">终因格</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它格位</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%A0%BC" title="前置格">前置格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%A0%BC" title="呼格">呼格</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="變格" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">變格</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E6%A0%BC%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96" title="捷克語格變化">捷克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="中古英语">中古英语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="英語語法">英語</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="中古英语">中古英语</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95" title="古英语语法">古英語</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="芬兰语">芬兰语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="德语">德语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="哥特语">哥特语</a></li> <li><a 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