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system</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: multilayer system"> <meta name="keywords" content="multilayer system"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="multilayer system"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17743</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: multilayer system</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17743</span> Research on the Two-Way Sound Absorption Performance of Multilayer Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Song">Yang Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaojun%20Qiu"> Xiaojun Qiu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multilayer materials are applied to much acoustics area. Multilayer porous materials are dominant in room absorber. Multilayer viscoelastic materials are the basic parts in underwater absorption coating. In most cases, the one-way sound absorption performance of multilayer material is concentrated according to the sound source site. But the two-way sound absorption performance is also necessary to be known in some special cases which sound is produced in both sides of the material and the both sides especially might contact with different media. In this article, this kind of case was research. The multilayer material was composed of viscoelastic layer and steel plate and the porous layer. The two sides of multilayer material contact with water and air, respectively. A theory model was given to describe the sound propagation and impedance in multilayer absorption material. The two-way sound absorption properties of several multilayer materials were calculated whose two sides all contacted with different media. The calculated results showed that the difference of two-way sound absorption coefficients is obvious. The frequency, the relation of layers thickness and parameters of multilayer materials all have an influence on the two-way sound absorption coefficients. But the degrees of influence are varied. All these simulation results were analyzed in the article. It was obtained that two-way sound absorption at different frequencies can be promoted by optimizing the configuration parameters. This work will improve the performance of underwater sound absorption coating which can absorb incident sound from the water and reduce the noise radiation from inside space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=different%20media" title="different media">different media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20material" title=" multilayer material"> multilayer material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound%20absorption%20coating" title=" sound absorption coating"> sound absorption coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-way%20sound%20absorption" title=" two-way sound absorption"> two-way sound absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33628/research-on-the-two-way-sound-absorption-performance-of-multilayer-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17742</span> Interbank Networks and the Benefits of Using Multilayer Structures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danielle%20Sandler%20dos%20Passos">Danielle Sandler dos Passos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helder%20Coelho"> Helder Coelho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fl%C3%A1via%20Mori%20Sarti"> Flávia Mori Sarti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Complexity science seeks the understanding of systems adopting diverse theories from various areas. Network analysis has been gaining space and credibility, namely with the biological, social and economic systems. Significant part of the literature focuses only monolayer representations of connections among agents considering one level of their relationships, and excludes other levels of interactions, leading to simplistic results in network analysis. Therefore, this work aims to demonstrate the advantages of the use of multilayer networks for the representation and analysis of networks. For this, we analyzed an interbank network, composed of 42 banks, comparing the centrality measures of the agents (degree and PageRank) resulting from each method (monolayer <em>x</em> multilayer). This proved to be the most reliable and efficient the multilayer analysis for the study of the current networks and highlighted JP Morgan and Deutsche Bank as the most important banks of the analyzed network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity" title="complexity">complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interbank%20networks" title=" interbank networks"> interbank networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20networks" title=" multilayer networks"> multilayer networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20analysis" title=" network analysis"> network analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92811/interbank-networks-and-the-benefits-of-using-multilayer-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17741</span> Study of Laser Induced Damage Threshold in HfO₂/SiO₂ Multilayer Films after β-Ray Irradiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meihua%20Fang">Meihua Fang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Fei"> Tao Fei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Post-processing can effectively improve the resistance to laser damage in multilayer films used in a high power laser system. In this work, HfO₂/SiO₂ multilayer films are prepared by e-beam evaporation and then β-ray irradiation is employed as the post-processing method. The particle irradiation affects the laser induced damage threshold (LIDT), which includes defects, surface roughness, packing density, and residual stress. The residual stress that is relaxed during irradiation changes from compressive stress into tensile stress. Our results indicate that appropriate tensile stress can improve LIDT remarkably. In view of the fact that LIDT rises from 8 J/cm² to 12 J/cm², i.e., 50% increase, after the film has been irradiated by 2.2×10¹³/cm² β-ray, the particle irradiation can be used as a controllable and desirable post-processing method to improve the resistance to laser induced damage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-ray%20irradiation" title="β-ray irradiation">β-ray irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20film" title=" multilayer film"> multilayer film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title=" residual stress"> residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser-induced%20damage%20threshold" title=" laser-induced damage threshold"> laser-induced damage threshold</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112875/study-of-laser-induced-damage-threshold-in-hfo2sio2-multilayer-films-after-v-ray-irradiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17740</span> Interbrain Synchronization and Multilayer Hyper brain Networks when Playing Guitar in Quartet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viktor%20M%C3%BCller">Viktor Müller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulman%20Lindenberger"> Ulman Lindenberger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neurophysiological evidence suggests that the physiological states of the system are characterized by specific network structures and network topology dynamics, demonstrating a robust interplay between network topology and function. It is also evident that interpersonal action coordination or social interaction (e.g., playing music in duets or groups) requires strong intra- and interbrain synchronization resulting in a specific hyper brain network activity across two or more brains to support such coordination or interaction. Such complex hyper brain networks can be described as multiplex or multilayer networks that have a specific multidimensional or multilayer network organization characteristic for superordinate systems and their constituents. The aim of the study was to describe multilayer hyper brain networks and synchronization patterns of guitarists playing guitar in a quartet by using electroencephalography (EEG) hyper scanning (simultaneous EEG recording from multiple brains) and following time-frequency decomposition and multilayer network construction, where within-frequency coupling (WFC) represents communication within different layers, and cross-frequency coupling (CFC) depicts communication between these layers. Results indicate that communication or coupling dynamics, both within and between the layers across the brains of the guitarists, play an essential role in action coordination and are particularly enhanced during periods of high demands on musical coordination. Moreover, multilayer hyper brain network topology and dynamical structure of guitar sounds showed specific guitar-guitar, brain-brain, and guitar-brain causal associations, indicating multilevel dynamics with upward and downward causation, contributing to the superordinate system dynamics and hyper brain functioning. It is concluded that the neuronal dynamics during interpersonal interaction are brain-wide and frequency-specific with the fine-tuned balance between WFC and CFC and can best be described in terms of multilayer multi-brain networks with specific network topology and connectivity strengths. Further sophisticated research is needed to deepen our understanding of these highly interesting and complex phenomena. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG%20hyper%20scanning" title="EEG hyper scanning">EEG hyper scanning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intra-%20and%20interbrain%20coupling" title=" intra- and interbrain coupling"> intra- and interbrain coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20hyper%20brain%20networks" title=" multilayer hyper brain networks"> multilayer hyper brain networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20interaction" title=" social interaction"> social interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=within-%20and%20cross-frequency%20coupling" title=" within- and cross-frequency coupling"> within- and cross-frequency coupling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162306/interbrain-synchronization-and-multilayer-hyper-brain-networks-when-playing-guitar-in-quartet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17739</span> Anti-Reflective Nanostructured TiO2/SiO2 Multilayer Coatings </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najme%20lari">Najme lari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrokh%20Ahangarani"> Shahrokh Ahangarani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Shanaghi"> Ali Shanaghi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multilayer structure of thin films by the sol–gel process attracts great attention for antireflection applications. In this paper, antireflective nanometric multilayer SiO2-TiO2 films are formed on both sides of the glass substrates by combining the sol–gel method and the dip-coating technique. SiO2 and TiO2 sols were prepared using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and tetrabutylorthotitanate (TBOT) as precursors and also nitric acid as catalyst. Prepared coatings were investigated by Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier-transformed infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and UV–visible spectrophotometer. After evaluation, all of SiO2 top layer coatings showed excellent antireflection in the wavelength range of 400-800 nm where the transmittance of glass substrate is significantly lower. By increasing the number of double TiO2-SiO2 layers, the transmission of the coated glass increases due to applied multilayer coating properties. 6-layer sol–gel TiO2-SiO2 shows the highest visible transmittance about 99.25% at the band of 550-650 nm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title="thin films">thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24215/anti-reflective-nanostructured-tio2sio2-multilayer-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17738</span> Sol-Gel SiO2-TiO2 Multilayer Coatings for Anti-Reflective Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najme%20Lari">Najme Lari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrokh%20Ahangarani"> Shahrokh Ahangarani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Shanaghi"> Ali Shanaghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multilayer structure of thin films by the sol–gel process attracts great attention for antireflection applications. In this paper, antireflective nanometric multilayer SiO2-TiO2 films are formed on both sides of the glass substrates by combining the sol–gel method and the dip-coating technique. SiO2 and TiO2 sols were prepared using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and tetrabutylorthotitanate (TBOT) as precursors and nitric acid as catalyst. Prepared coatings were investigated by Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier-transformed infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and UV–visible spectrophotometer. After evaluation, all of SiO2 top layer coatings showed excellent antireflection in the wavelength range of 400-800 nm where the transmittance of glass substrate is significantly lower. By increasing the number of double TiO2-SiO2 layers, the transmission of the coated glass increases due to applied multilayer coating properties. 6-layer sol–gel TiO2-SiO2 shows the highest visible transmittance about 99.25% at the band of 550-650 nm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title="thin films">thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23276/sol-gel-sio2-tio2-multilayer-coatings-for-anti-reflective-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17737</span> Development and Characterization of Bio-Tribological, Nano- Multilayer Coatings for Medical Tools Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Major">L. Major</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20Lackner"> J. M. Lackner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Dyner"> M. Dyner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Major"> B. Major</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development of new generation bio- tribological, multilayer coatings, opens an avenue for fabrication of future high- tech functional surfaces. In the presented work, nano- composite, Cr/CrN+[Cr/ a-C:H implanted by metallic nanocrystals] multilayer coatings have been developed for surface protection of medical tools. Thin films were fabricated by a hybrid Pulsed Laser Deposition technique. Complex microstructure analysis of nano- multilayer coatings, subjected to mechanical and biological tests, were performed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Microstructure characterization revealed the layered arrangement of Cr23C6 nanoparticles in multilayer structure. Influence of deposition conditions on bio- tribological properties of the coatings were studied. The bio-tests were used as a screening tool for the analyzed nano- multilayer coatings before they could be deposited on medical tools. Bio- medical tests were done using fibroblasts. The mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated by means of a ball-on-disc mechanical test. The microhardness was done using Berkovich indenter. The scratch adhesion test was done using Rockwell indenter. From the bio- tribological point of view, the optimal properties had the C106_1 material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-%20tribological%20coatings" title="bio- tribological coatings">bio- tribological coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell-%20material%20interaction" title=" cell- material interaction"> cell- material interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20PLD" title=" hybrid PLD"> hybrid PLD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribology" title=" tribology"> tribology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24952/development-and-characterization-of-bio-tribological-nano-multilayer-coatings-for-medical-tools-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17736</span> Supercomputer Simulation of Magnetic Multilayers Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitalii%20Yu.%20Kapitan">Vitalii Yu. Kapitan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandr%20V.%20Perzhu"> Aleksandr V. Perzhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konstantin%20V.%20Nefedev"> Konstantin V. Nefedev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The necessity of studying magnetic multilayer structures is explained by the prospects of their practical application as a technological base for creating new storages medium. Magnetic multilayer films have many unique features that contribute to increasing the density of information recording and the speed of storage devices. Multilayer structures are structures of alternating magnetic and nonmagnetic layers. In frame of the classical Heisenberg model, lattice spin systems with direct short- and long-range exchange interactions were investigated by Monte Carlo methods. The thermodynamic characteristics of multilayer structures, such as the temperature behavior of magnetization, energy, and heat capacity, were investigated. The processes of magnetization reversal of multilayer structures in external magnetic fields were investigated. The developed software is based on the new, promising programming language Rust. Rust is a new experimental programming language developed by Mozilla. The language is positioned as an alternative to C and C++. For the Monte Carlo simulation, the Metropolis algorithm and its parallel implementation using MPI and the Wang-Landau algorithm were used. We are planning to study of magnetic multilayer films with asymmetric Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction, interfacing effects and skyrmions textures. This work was supported by the state task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russia # 3.7383.2017/8.9 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=The%20Monte%20Carlo%20methods" title="The Monte Carlo methods">The Monte Carlo methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heisenberg%20model" title=" Heisenberg model"> Heisenberg model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20structures" title=" multilayer structures"> multilayer structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20skyrmion" title=" magnetic skyrmion"> magnetic skyrmion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80987/supercomputer-simulation-of-magnetic-multilayers-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17735</span> Effect of Fabrication Errors on High Frequency Filter Circuits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wesam%20Ali">Wesam Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides useful guidelines to the circuit designers on the magnitude of fabrication errors in multilayer millimeter-wave components that are acceptable and presents data not previously reported in the literature. A particularly significant error that was quantified was that of skew between conductors on different layers, where it was found that a skew angle of only 0.1° resulted in very significant changes in bandwidth and insertion loss. The work was supported by a detailed investigation on a 35GHz, multilayer edge-coupled band-pass filter, which was fabricated on alumina substrates using photoimageable thick film process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fabrication%20errors" title="fabrication errors">fabrication errors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20frequency%20band" title=" high frequency band"> high frequency band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoimagable%20technology" title=" photoimagable technology"> photoimagable technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20575/effect-of-fabrication-errors-on-high-frequency-filter-circuits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17734</span> Mechanical Behavior of PVD Single Layer and Multilayer under Indentation Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Kaouther">K. Kaouther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Hafedh"> D. Hafedh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ben%20Cheikh%20Larbi"> A. Ben Cheikh Larbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various structures and compositions thin films were deposited on 100C6 (AISI 52100) steel substrate by PVD magnetron sputtering system. The morphological proprieties were evaluated using an atomic force microscopy (AFM). Vickers microindentation tests were performed with a Shimadzu HMV-2000 hardness testing machine. Hardness measurement was carried out using Jonsson and Hogmark model. The results show that the coatings topography was dominated by domes and craters. Mechanical behavior and failure modes under microindentation were depending of coatings structure and composition. TiAlN multilayer showed exception in the microindentation resistance compared to TiN single layer and TiAlN/TiAlN nanolayer. Piled structure provides an increase of failure resistance and a decrease in cracks propagation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVD%20thin%20films" title="PVD thin films">PVD thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microindentation" title=" microindentation"> microindentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracking" title=" cracking"> cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20mechanisms" title=" damage mechanisms"> damage mechanisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21806/mechanical-behavior-of-pvd-single-layer-and-multilayer-under-indentation-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17733</span> For Single to Multilayer Polyvinylidene Fluoride Based Polymer for Electro-Caloric Cooling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouh%20Zeggai">Nouh Zeggai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20Debrux"> Lucas Debrux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabien%20Parrain"> Fabien Parrain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Dkhil"> Brahim Dkhil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martino%20Lobue"> Martino Lobue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morgan%20Almanza"> Morgan Almanza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Refrigeration and air conditioning are some of the most used energies in our daily life, especially vapor compression refrigeration. Electrocaloric material might appears as an alternative towards solid-state cooling. polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based polymer has shown promising adiabatic temperature change (∆T) and entropy change (∆S). There is practically no limit to the electric field that can be applied, except the one that the material can withstand. However, when working with a large surface as required in a device, the chance to have a defect is larger and can drastically reduce the voltage breakdown, thus reducing the electrocaloric properties. In this work, we propose to study how the characteristic of a single film are transposed when going to multilayer. The laminator and the hot press appear as two interesting processes that have been investigating to achieve a multilayer film. The study is mainly focused on the breakdown field and the adiabatic temperature change, but the phase and crystallinity have also been measured. We process one layer-based PVDF and assemble them to obtain a multilayer. Pressing at hot temperature method and lamination were used for the production of the thin films. The multilayer film shows higher breakdown strength, temperature change, and crystallinity (beta phases) using the hot press technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVDF-TrFE-CFE" title="PVDF-TrFE-CFE">PVDF-TrFE-CFE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocaloric%20effect" title=" electrocaloric effect"> electrocaloric effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20press" title=" hot press"> hot press</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20device" title=" cooling device"> cooling device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141353/for-single-to-multilayer-polyvinylidene-fluoride-based-polymer-for-electro-caloric-cooling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17732</span> Investigation of VN/TiN Multilayer Coatings on AZ91D Mg Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ertas">M. Ertas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20C.%20Onel"> A. C. Onel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ekinci"> G. Ekinci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Toydemir"> B. Toydemir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Durdu"> S. Durdu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Usta"> M. Usta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Colakerol%20Arslan"> L. Colakerol Arslan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To develop AZ91D magnesium alloys with improved properties, we have applied TiN and VN/TiN multilayer coatings using DC magnetron sputter technique. Coating structure, surface morphology, chemical bonding and corrosion resistance of coatings were analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and tafel extrapolation method, respectively. XPS analysis reveal that VN overlayer reacts with oxygen at the VN/TiN interface and forms more stable TiN layer. Morphological investigations and the corrosion results show that VN/TiN multilayer thin film coatings are quite effective to optimize the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AZ91D%20Mg%20alloys" title="AZ91D Mg alloys">AZ91D Mg alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20corrosion%20resistance" title=" high corrosion resistance"> high corrosion resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20metal%20nitride%20coatings" title=" transition metal nitride coatings"> transition metal nitride coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetron%20sputter" title=" magnetron sputter"> magnetron sputter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16465/investigation-of-vntin-multilayer-coatings-on-az91d-mg-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17731</span> Nonlinear Response of Infinite Beams on a Multilayer Tensionless Extensible Geosynthetic – Reinforced Earth Bed under Moving Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Karuppasamy">K. Karuppasamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper analysis of an infinite beam resting on multilayer tensionless extensible geosynthetic reinforced granular fill - poor soil system overlying soft soil strata under moving the load with constant velocity is presented. The beam is subjected to a concentrated load moving with constant velocity. The upper reinforced granular bed is modeled by a rough membrane embedded in Pasternak shear layer overlying a series of compressible nonlinear Winkler springs representing the underlying the very poor soil. The multilayer tensionless extensible geosynthetic layer has been assumed to deform such that at the interface the geosynthetic and the soil have some deformation. Nonlinear behavior of granular fill and the very poor soil has been considered in the analysis by means of hyperbolic constitutive relationships. Governing differential equations of the soil foundation system have been obtained and solved with the help of appropriate boundary conditions. The solution has been obtained by employing finite difference method by means of Gauss-Siedel iterative scheme. Detailed parametric study has been conducted to study the influence of various parameters on the response of soil – foundation system under consideration by means of deflection and bending moment in the beam and tension mobilized in the geosynthetic layer. These parameters include the magnitude of applied load, the velocity of the load, damping, the ultimate resistance of the poor soil and granular fill layer. The range of values of parameters has been considered as per Indian Railways conditions. This study clearly observed that the comparisons of multilayer tensionless extensible geosynthetic reinforcement with poor foundation soil and magnitude of applied load, relative compressibility of granular fill and ultimate resistance of poor soil has significant influence on the response of soil – foundation system. However, for the considered range of velocity, the response has been found to be insensitive towards velocity. The ultimate resistance of granular fill layer has also been found to have no significant influence on the response of the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infinite%20beams" title="infinite beams">infinite beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20tensionless%20extensible%20geosynthetic" title=" multilayer tensionless extensible geosynthetic"> multilayer tensionless extensible geosynthetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20layer" title=" granular layer"> granular layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20load%20and%20nonlinear%20behavior%20of%20poor%20soil" title=" moving load and nonlinear behavior of poor soil"> moving load and nonlinear behavior of poor soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30763/nonlinear-response-of-infinite-beams-on-a-multilayer-tensionless-extensible-geosynthetic-reinforced-earth-bed-under-moving-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17730</span> Sol–Gel Derived Durable Antireﬂective Multilayered TiO2/SiO2 Coating for Solar Glass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najme%20lari">Najme lari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrokh%20Ahangarani"> Shahrokh Ahangarani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Shanaghi"> Ali Shanaghi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, multilayer TiO2-SiO2 containing PDMS coatings were produced. Also, the effect of triton as a porosity maker on single and multilayer silica and titania coatings was investigated. The results showed stability of optical triton containing coatings disappears with time. Because of the presence of triton in solution improve the wetting properties of PDMS sols and helps lead to instability by water absorption. However; without triton, antireﬂective multilayer coatings with high transmittance 98% and excellent durability were prepared by sol–gel process using poly dimethyl siloxane as additive. This coating can be used as well as in solar applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title="sol-gel">sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film" title=" thin film"> thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-reflective" title=" anti-reflective"> anti-reflective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titania-silica" title=" titania-silica"> titania-silica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PDMS" title=" PDMS"> PDMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triton" title=" triton"> triton</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23980/sol-gel-derived-durable-antireflective-multilayered-tio2sio2-coating-for-solar-glass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17729</span> Combination of Artificial Neural Network Model and Geographic Information System for Prediction Water Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirilak%20Areerachakul">Sirilak Areerachakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water quality has initiated serious management efforts in many countries. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models are developed as forecasting tools in predicting water quality trend based on historical data. This study endeavors to automatically classify water quality. The water quality classes are evaluated using 6 factor indices. These factors are pH value (pH), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3N), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3N) and Total Coliform (T-Coliform). The methodology involves applying data mining techniques using multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network models. The data consisted of 11 sites of Saen Saep canal in Bangkok, Thailand. The data is obtained from the Department of Drainage and Sewerage Bangkok Metropolitan Administration during 2007-2011. The results of multilayer perceptron neural network exhibit a high accuracy multilayer perception rate at 94.23% in classifying the water quality of Saen Saep canal in Bangkok. Subsequently, this encouraging result could be combined with GIS data improves the classification accuracy significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title=" geographic information system"> geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20science" title=" computer science"> computer science</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8934/combination-of-artificial-neural-network-model-and-geographic-information-system-for-prediction-water-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17728</span> Structuring of Multilayer Aluminum Nickel by Lift-off Process Using Cheap Negative Resist</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Talal%20Asghar">Muhammad Talal Asghar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The lift-off technique of the photoresist for metal patterning in integrated circuit (IC) packaging has been widely utilized in the field of microelectromechanical systems and semiconductor component manufacturing. The main advantage lies in cost-saving, reduction in complexity, and maturity of the process. The selection of photoresist depends upon many factors such as cost, the thickness of the resist, comfortable and valuable parameters extraction. In the present study, an extremely cheap dry film photoresist E8015 of thickness 38-micrometer is processed for the first time for edge profiling, according to the author's best knowledge. Successful extraction of the helpful parameter range for resist processing is performed. An undercut angle of 66 to 73 degrees is realized by parameter variation like exposure energy and development time. Finally, 10-micrometer thick metallic multilayer aluminum nickel is lifted off on the plain silicon wafer. Possible applications lie in controlled self-propagating reactions within structured metallic multilayer that may be utilized for IC packaging in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lift-off" title="lift-off">lift-off</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IC%20packaging" title=" IC packaging"> IC packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoresist" title=" photoresist"> photoresist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title=" multilayer"> multilayer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138502/structuring-of-multilayer-aluminum-nickel-by-lift-off-process-using-cheap-negative-resist" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17727</span> Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network for Rainfall-Water Level Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thohidul%20Islam">Thohidul Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Hamidul%20Haque"> Md. Hamidul Haque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robin%20Kumar%20Biswas"> Robin Kumar Biswas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Floods are one of the deadliest natural disasters which are very complex to model; however, machine learning is opening the door for more reliable and accurate flood prediction. In this research, a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) is developed to model the rainfall-water level relation, in a subtropical monsoon climatic region of the Bangladesh-India border. Our experiments show promising empirical results to forecast the water level for 1 day lead time. Our best performing MLP model achieves 98.7% coefficient of determination with lower model complexity which surpasses previously reported results on similar forecasting problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20forecasting" title="flood forecasting">flood forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20perceptron%20network" title=" multilayer perceptron network"> multilayer perceptron network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression" title=" regression"> regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111291/multilayer-perceptron-neural-network-for-rainfall-water-level-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17726</span> Magnetoelastically Induced Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy and Perpendicular Exchange Bias of CoO/CoPt Multilayer Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guo%20Lei">Guo Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Yue"> Wang Yue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nakamura%20Yoshio"> Nakamura Yoshio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi%20Ji"> Shi Ji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, perpendicular exchange bias (PEB) is introduced as an active topic attracting continuous efforts. Since its discovery, extrinsic control of PEB has been proposed, due to its scientific significance in spintronic devices and potential application in high density magnetic random access memory with perpendicular magnetic tunneling junction (p-MTJ). To our knowledge, the researches aiming to controlling PEB so far are focused mainly on enhancing the interfacial exchange coupling by adjusting the FM/AFM interface roughness, or optimizing the crystalline structures of FM or AFM layer by employing different seed layers. In present work, the effects of magnetoelastically induced PMA on PEB have been explored in [CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer films. We find the PMA strength of FM layer also plays an important role on PEB at the FM/AFM interface and it is effective to control PEB of [CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer films by changing the magnetoelastically induced PMA of CoPt layer. [CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer films were deposited by magnetron sputtering on fused quartz substrate at room temperature, then annealed at 100°C, 250°C, 300°C and 375°C for 3h, respectively. XRD results reveal that all the samples are well crystallized with preferred fcc CoPt (111) orientation. The continuous multilayer structure with sharp component transition at the CoO5nm/CoPt5nm interface are identified clearly by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray reflectivity (XRR) and atomic force microscope (AFM). CoPt layer in-plane tensile stress is calculated by sin2φ method, and we find it increases gradually upon annealing from 0.99 GPa (as-deposited) up to 3.02 GPa (300oC-annealed). As to the magnetic property, significant enhancement of PMA is achieved in [CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer films after annealing due to the increase of CoPt layer in-plane tensile stress. With the enhancement of magnetoelastically induced PMA, great improvement of PEB is also achieved in [CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer films, which increases from 130 Oe (as-deposited) up to 1060 Oe (300oC-annealed), showing the same change tendency as PMA and the strong correlation with CoPt layer in-plane tensile stress. We consider it is the increase of CoPt layer in-plane tensile stress that leads to the enhancement of PMA, and thus the enhancement of magnetoelastically induced PMA results in the improvement of PEB in [CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perpendicular%20exchange%20bias" title="perpendicular exchange bias">perpendicular exchange bias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetoelastically%20induced%20perpendicular%20magnetic%20anisotropy" title=" magnetoelastically induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy"> magnetoelastically induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CoO5nm%2FCoPt5nm%5D5%20multilayer%20film%20with%20in-plane%20stress" title=" CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer film with in-plane stress"> CoO5nm/CoPt5nm]5 multilayer film with in-plane stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perpendicular%20magnetic%20tunneling%20junction" title=" perpendicular magnetic tunneling junction"> perpendicular magnetic tunneling junction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29146/magnetoelastically-induced-perpendicular-magnetic-anisotropy-and-perpendicular-exchange-bias-of-coocopt-multilayer-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17725</span> Study of Buried Interfaces in Fe/Si Multilayer by Hard X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hina%20Verma">Hina Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karine%20Le%20Guen"> Karine Le Guen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renaud%20Dalaunay"> Renaud Dalaunay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iyas%20Ismail"> Iyas Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vita%20Ilakovac"> Vita Ilakovac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Pascal%20Rueff"> Jean Pascal Rueff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunlin%20Jacques%20Zheng"> Yunlin Jacques Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippe%20Jonnard"> Philippe Jonnard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To the extent of our knowledge, X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) has been applied in the soft x-ray region (photon energy ≤ 2 keV) to study the buried layers and interfaces of stacks of nanometer-thin films. Now we extend the methodology to study the buried interfaces in the hard X-ray region (i.e., ≥ five keV). The emission spectra allow us to study the interactions between elements in the buried layers from the analysis of their valence states, thereby providing sensitive information about the physical-chemical environment of the emitting element in multilayers. We exploit the chemical sensitivity of XES to study the interfaces between Fe and Si layers in the Fe/Si multilayer from the Fe Kβ₂,₅ emission spectra (7108 eV). The Fe Kβ₅ emission line results from the electronic transition from occupied 3d to 1s levels (i.e., valence to core transition) and is hence sensitive to the chemical state of emitting Fe atoms. The comparison of emission spectra recorded for Fe/Si multilayer with Fe and FeSi₂ references reveal the formation of FeSi₂ at the Fe-Si interfaces inside the multilayer stack. The interfacial thickness was calculated to be 1.4 ± 0.2 nm by taking into consideration the intensity of Fe atoms emitted from the interface and the Fe layer. The formation of FeSi₂ at the interface was further confirmed by the X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy done on the Fe/Si multilayer. Hence, we can conclude that the XES in the hard X-ray range could be used to study multilayers and their interfaces and obtain information both qualitatively and quantitatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buried%20interfaces" title="buried interfaces">buried interfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20X-ray%20emission%20spectroscopy" title=" hard X-ray emission spectroscopy"> hard X-ray emission spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction" title=" X-ray diffraction"> X-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20photoelectron%20spectroscopy" title=" X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy"> X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136026/study-of-buried-interfaces-in-fesi-multilayer-by-hard-x-ray-emission-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17724</span> Investigating the Role of Combined Length Scale Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Ni/Cu Multilayer Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naresh%20Radaliyagoda">Naresh Radaliyagoda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigel%20M.%20Jennett"> Nigel M. Jennett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rong%20Lan"> Rong Lan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Parfitt"> David Parfitt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A series of length scale engineered multilayer material with temperature robust mechanical properties has been suggested. A range of polycrystalline copper sub-layers with the thickness varying from 1 to 25μm and buried in between two nickel layers was produced using electrodeposition dual bath technique. The structure of the multilayers was characterized using Electron Backscatter Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscope. The interface effect on the hardness and elastic modulus was tested using Nano-indentation. Results of the grain size and layer thickness measurements, and indentation hardness have been compared. It is found that there is a combined length scale effect that improves mechanical properties in Ni/Cu multilayer structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-indentation" title="nano-indentation">nano-indentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size%20effect" title=" size effect"> size effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayers" title=" multilayers"> multilayers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrodeposition" title=" electrodeposition"> electrodeposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107676/investigating-the-role-of-combined-length-scale-effect-on-the-mechanical-properties-of-nicu-multilayer-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107676.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17723</span> Analysis of Multilayer Neural Network Modeling and Long Short-Term Memory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danilo%20L%C3%B3pez">Danilo López</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nelson%20Vera"> Nelson Vera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Pedraza"> Luis Pedraza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper analyzes fundamental ideas and concepts related to neural networks, which provide the reader a theoretical explanation of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks operation classified as Deep Learning Systems, and to explicitly present the mathematical development of Backward Pass equations of the LSTM network model. This mathematical modeling associated with software development will provide the necessary tools to develop an intelligent system capable of predicting the behavior of licensed users in wireless cognitive radio networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20networks" title="neural networks">neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20perceptron" title=" multilayer perceptron"> multilayer perceptron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long%20short-term%20memory" title=" long short-term memory"> long short-term memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recurrent%20neuronal%20network" title=" recurrent neuronal network"> recurrent neuronal network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20analysis" title=" mathematical analysis"> mathematical analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63507/analysis-of-multilayer-neural-network-modeling-and-long-short-term-memory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17722</span> Modeling of Daily Global Solar Radiation Using Ann Techniques: A Case of Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Benkaciali">Said Benkaciali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mourad%20Haddadi"> Mourad Haddadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20Khellaf"> Abdallah Khellaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kacem%20Gairaa"> Kacem Gairaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mawloud%20Guermoui"> Mawloud Guermoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, many experiments were carried out to assess the influence of the input parameters on the performance of multilayer perceptron which is one the configuration of the artificial neural networks. To estimate the daily global solar radiation on the horizontal surface, we have developed some models by using seven combinations of twelve meteorological and geographical input parameters collected from a radiometric station installed at Ghardaïa city (southern of Algeria). For selecting of best combination which provides a good accuracy, six statistical formulas (or statistical indicators) have been evaluated, such as the root mean square errors, mean absolute errors, correlation coefficient, and determination coefficient. We noted that multilayer perceptron techniques have the best performance, except when the sunshine duration parameter is not included in the input variables. The maximum of determination coefficient and correlation coefficient are equal to 98.20 and 99.11%. On the other hand, some empirical models were developed to compare their performances with those of multilayer perceptron neural networks. Results obtained show that the neural networks techniques give the best performance compared to the empirical models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20models" title="empirical models">empirical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20perceptron%20neural%20network" title=" multilayer perceptron neural network"> multilayer perceptron neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20radiation" title=" solar radiation"> solar radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20formulas" title=" statistical formulas"> statistical formulas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60646/modeling-of-daily-global-solar-radiation-using-ann-techniques-a-case-of-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17721</span> Multilayer System of Thermosetting Polymers and Specific Confining, Application to the Walls of the Hospital Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Bouzid">M. Bouzid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Djadi"> A. Djadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Aribi"> C. Aribi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Irekti"> A. Irekti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bezzazi"> B. Bezzazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Halouene"> F. Halouene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nature of materials structuring our health institutions promote the development of germs. The sustainability of nosocomial infections remains significant (12% and 15%). One of the major factors is the portland cement which is brittle and porous. As part of a national plan to fight nosocomial infections, led by the University Hospital of Blida, we opted for a composite coating, application by multilayer model, composed of epoxy-polyester resin as a binder and calcium carbonate as mineral fillers. The application of composite materials reinforce the wall coating of hospital units and eliminates the hospital infectious areas. The resistance to impact, chemicals, raising temperature and to a biologically active environment gives satisfactory results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nosocomial%20infection" title="nosocomial infection">nosocomial infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20load" title=" microbial load"> microbial load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20materials" title=" composite materials"> composite materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portland%20cement" title=" portland cement"> portland cement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7662/multilayer-system-of-thermosetting-polymers-and-specific-confining-application-to-the-walls-of-the-hospital-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17720</span> Influence of Counterface and Environmental Conditions on the Lubricity of Multilayer Graphene Coatings Produced on Nickel by Chemical Vapour Deposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iram%20Zahra">Iram Zahra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction and wear properties of multilayer graphene coatings (MLG) on nickel substrate were investigated at the macroscale, and different failure mechanisms working at the interface of nickel-graphene coatings were evaluated. Multilayer graphene coatings were produced on a nickel substrate using the atmospheric chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique. Wear tests were performed on the pin-on-disk tribometer apparatus under dry air conditions, and using the saltwater solution, distilled water, and mineral oil lubricants and counterparts used in these wear tests were fabricated of stainless steel, chromium, and silicon nitride. The wear test parameters such as rotational speed, wear track diameter, temperature, relative humidity, and load were 60 rpm, 6 mm, 22˚C, 45%, and 2N, respectively. To analyse the friction and wear behaviour, coefficient of friction (COF) vs time curves were plotted, and the sliding surfaces of the samples and counterparts were examined using the optical microscope. Results indicated that graphene-coated nickel in mineral oil lubrication and dry conditions gave the minimum average value of COP (0.05) and wear track width ( ̴151 µm) against the three different types of counterparts. In contrast, uncoated nickel samples indicated a maximum wear track width ( ̴411 µm) and COF (0.5). Thorough investigation and analysis concluded that graphene-coated samples have two times lower COF and three times lower wear than the bare nickel samples. Furthermore, mechanical failures were significantly lower in the case of graphene-coated nickel. The overall findings suggested that multilayer graphene coatings have drastically decreased wear and friction on nickel substrate at the macroscale under various lubricating conditions and against different counterparts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title="friction">friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lubricity" title=" lubricity"> lubricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20graphene" title=" multilayer graphene"> multilayer graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding" title=" sliding"> sliding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119006/influence-of-counterface-and-environmental-conditions-on-the-lubricity-of-multilayer-graphene-coatings-produced-on-nickel-by-chemical-vapour-deposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17719</span> pH and Temperature Triggered Release of Doxorubicin from Hydogen Bonded Multilayer Films of Polyoxazolines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meltem%20Haktaniyan">Meltem Haktaniyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eda%20Cagli"> Eda Cagli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irem%20Erel%20Goktepe"> Irem Erel Goktepe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymers that change their properties in response to different stimuli (e.g. light, temperature, pH, ionic strength or magnetic field) are called ‘smart’ or ‘stimuli-responsive polymers’. These polymers have been widely used in biomedical applications such as sensors, gene delivery, drug delivery or tissue engineering. Temperature-responsive polymers have been studied extensively for controlled drug delivery applications. As regard of pseudo-peptides, poly (2-alky-2-oxazoline)s are considered as good candidates for delivery systems due to their stealth behavior and nontoxicity. In order to build responsive multilayer films for controlled drug release applications from surface, Layer by layer technique (LBL) is a powerful technique with an advantage of nanometer scale control over spatial architecture and morphology. Multilayers can be constructed on surface where non-covalent interactions including electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and charge-transfer or hydrophobic-hydrophobic interactions. In the present study, hydrogen bounded multilayer films of poly (2-alky-2-oxazoline) s with tannic acid were prepared in order to use as a platform to release Doxorubicin (DOX) from surface with pH and thermal triggers. For this purpose, poly (2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PIPOX) and poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PETOX) were synthesized via cationic ring opening polymerization (CROP) with hydroxyl end groups. Two polymeric multilayer systems ((PETOX)/(DOX)-(TA) complexes and (PIPOX)/(DOX)-(TA) complexes) were designed to investigate of controlled release of Doxorubicin (DOX) from surface with pH and thermal triggers. The drug release profiles from the multilayer thin films with alterations of pH and temperature will been examined with UV-Vis Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20responsive%20polymers" title="temperature responsive polymers">temperature responsive polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=h-bonded%20multilayer%20films" title=" h-bonded multilayer films"> h-bonded multilayer films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20release" title=" drug release"> drug release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyoxazoline" title=" polyoxazoline"> polyoxazoline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44688/ph-and-temperature-triggered-release-of-doxorubicin-from-hydogen-bonded-multilayer-films-of-polyoxazolines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17718</span> Stiffness and Modulus of Subgrade Reaction of the Soft Soil Improved by Stone Columns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudheer%20Kumar%20J.">Sudheer Kumar J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhanshu%20Sharma"> Sudhanshu Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stone columns are extensively used as constructive and environmentally sustainable improvement methods for improving stiffness, modulus of subgrade reaction, and maximum lateral displacement in the multilayer soil system. The advantage of using stone columns in improving the single-layer soft soil as a ground reinforcement element for supporting various structures up to shallow depth is well researched, but the understanding of strengthening the multiplayer soil system for a deeper level requires further studies. In this paper, a series of cases have been conducted to study the behaviour of ordinary stone columns (OSC), geosynthetic encased stone columns (GESC) over various objectives for strengthening multilayer soil system up to deep level. A finite element analyses were carried out using the software package PLAXIS to study further correlate the results. The study aims to find the stiffness of composite soil, modulus of subgrade reaction, which is generally required for designing of various foundations, and also discusses the maximum horizontal displacement location, which is the major failure criteria seen after the installation of stone columns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stone%20columns" title="stone columns">stone columns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotextile" title=" geotextile"> geotextile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffness" title=" stiffness"> stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20subgrade%20reaction" title=" modulus of subgrade reaction"> modulus of subgrade reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20lateral%20displacement%20point" title=" maximum lateral displacement point"> maximum lateral displacement point</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137244/stiffness-and-modulus-of-subgrade-reaction-of-the-soft-soil-improved-by-stone-columns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17717</span> An Approach for Multilayered Ecological Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20F.%20F.%20Ebecken">N. F. F. Ebecken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20C.%20Pereira"> G. C. Pereira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although networks provide a powerful approach to the study of a wide variety of ecological systems, their formulation usually does not include various types of interactions, interactions that vary in space and time, and interconnected systems such as networks. The emerging field of 'multilayer networks' provides a natural framework for extending ecological systems analysis to include these multiple layers of complexity as it specifically allows for differentiation and modeling of intralayer and interlayer connectivity. The structure provides a set of concepts and tools that can be adapted and applied to the ecology, facilitating research in high dimensionality, heterogeneous systems in nature. Here, ecological multilayer networks are formally defined based on a review of prior and related approaches, illustrates their application and potential with existing data analyzes, and discusses limitations, challenges, and future applications. The integration of multilayer network theory into ecology offers a largely untapped potential to further address ecological complexity, to finally provide new theoretical and empirical insights into the architecture and dynamics of ecological systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20networks" title="ecological networks">ecological networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayered%20networks" title=" multilayered networks"> multilayered networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20ecology" title=" sea ecology"> sea ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brazilian%20Coastal%20Area" title=" Brazilian Coastal Area"> Brazilian Coastal Area</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104637/an-approach-for-multilayered-ecological-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17716</span> Effects of Multilayer Coating of Chitosan and Polystyrene Sulfonate on Quality of ‘Nam Dok Mai No.4’ Mango </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Hadthamard">N. Hadthamard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Chaumpluk"> P. Chaumpluk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Buanong"> M. Buanong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Boonyaritthongchai"> P. Boonyaritthongchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Wongs-Aree"> C. Wongs-Aree</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ripe ‘Nam Dok Mai’ mango (<em>Mangifera indica</em> L.) is an important exported fruit of Thailand, but rapidly declined in the quality attributes mainly by infection of anthracnose and stem end rot diseases. Multilayer coating is considered as a developed technique to maintain the postharvest quality of mangoes. The utilization of alternated coating by matching oppositely electrostatic charges between 0.1% chitosan and 0.1% polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) was studied. A number of the coating layers (layer by layer) were applied on mature green ‘Nam Dok Mai No.4’ mangoes prior to storage at 25 <sup>o</sup>C, 65-70% relative humidity (RH). There were significant differences in some quality attributes of mangoes coated by 3½ layers, 4½ layers and 5½ layers. In comparison to coated mangoes, uncoated fruits were higher in weight loss, total soluble solids, respiration rate, ethylene production and disease incidence except the titratable acidity. Coating fruit at 3½ layers exhibited the ripening delay and reducing disease infection without off flavour. On the other hand, fruit coated with 5½ layers comprised the lowest acceptable score, caused by exhibiting disorders from fermentation at the end of storage. As a result, multilayer coating between chitosan and PSS could effectively maintain the postharvest quality of mango, but number of coating layers should be thoroughly considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer" title="multilayer">multilayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polystyrene%20sulfonate" title=" polystyrene sulfonate"> polystyrene sulfonate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nam%20Dok%20Mai%20No.4" title=" Nam Dok Mai No.4"> Nam Dok Mai No.4</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96341/effects-of-multilayer-coating-of-chitosan-and-polystyrene-sulfonate-on-quality-of-nam-dok-mai-no4-mango" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17715</span> Maximum Power Point Tracking for Small Scale Wind Turbine Using Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Implementation without Mechanical Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piyangkun%20Kukutapan">Piyangkun Kukutapan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siridech%20Boonsang"> Siridech Boonsang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article proposes maximum power point tracking without mechanical sensor using Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN). The aim of article is to reduce the cost and complexity but still retain efficiency. The experimental is that duty cycle is generated maximum power, if it has suitable qualification. The measured data from DC generator, voltage (V), current (I), power (P), turnover rate of power (dP), and turnover rate of voltage (dV) are used as input for MLPNN model. The output of this model is duty cycle for driving the converter. The experiment implemented using Arduino Uno board. This diagram is compared to MPPT using MLPNN and P&O control (Perturbation and Observation control). The experimental results show that the proposed MLPNN based approach is more efficiency than P&O algorithm for this application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power%20point%20tracking" title="maximum power point tracking">maximum power point tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20perceptron%20netural%20network" title=" multilayer perceptron netural network"> multilayer perceptron netural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20duty%20cycle" title=" optimal duty cycle"> optimal duty cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20generator" title=" DC generator"> DC generator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39653/maximum-power-point-tracking-for-small-scale-wind-turbine-using-multilayer-perceptron-neural-network-implementation-without-mechanical-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17714</span> Uniform Porous Multilayer-Junction Thin Film for Enhanced Gas-Sensing Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping-Ping%20Zhang">Ping-Ping Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui-Zhang"> Hui-Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu-Hui%20Sun"> Xu-Hui Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Highly-uniform In2O3/CuO bilayer and multilayer porous thin films were successfully fabricated using self-assembled soft template and simple sputtering deposition technique. The sensor based on the In2O3/CuO bilayer porous thin film shows obviously improved sensing performance to ethanol at the lower working temperature, compared to single layer counterpart sensors. The response of In2O3/CuO bilayer sensors exhibits nearly 3 and 5 times higher than those of the single layer In2O3 and CuO porous film sensors over the same ethanol concentration, respectively. The sensing mechanism based on p-n hetero-junction, which contributed to the enhanced sensing performance was also experimentally confirmed by a control experiment which the SiO2 insulation layer was inserted between the In2O3 and CuO layers to break the p-n junction. In addition, the sensing performance can be further enhanced by increasing the number of In2O3/CuO junction layers. The facile process can be easily extended to the fabrication of other semiconductor oxide gas sensors for practical sensing applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20sensor" title="gas sensor">gas sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20porous%20thin%20films" title=" multilayer porous thin films"> multilayer porous thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In2O3%2FCuO" title=" In2O3/CuO"> In2O3/CuO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p-n%20junction" title=" p-n junction"> p-n junction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43275/uniform-porous-multilayer-junction-thin-film-for-enhanced-gas-sensing-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20system&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20system&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20system&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20system&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20system&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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