CINXE.COM
IRIN | Africa | West Africa | Niger
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml"> <head id="ctl00_Head1"><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.irinnews.org/country/ne/niger","20150905155247","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1441468367"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta property="og:title" content="IRIN | Africa | West Africa | Niger"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/Logo100.jpg"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Humanitarian news and analysis - the inside story on emergencies"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/country.aspx?country=ne"/> <meta property="og:article:published_time" content="1-1-1"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="IRIN | Africa | West Africa | Niger"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Humanitarian news and analysis - the inside story on emergencies"/> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="http://www.irinnews.org/images/Logo100.jpg"/> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/country.aspx?country=ne"/> <script type="text/javascript">var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime()</script> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="IRINnews"/><meta property="fb:admins" content="747450396"/><meta property="fb:app_id" content="127212647355336"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@irinnews"/><meta name="googlebot" content="NOODP"/><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><meta name="application-name" content="IRINnews"/><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"/><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="d0405f8b-def4-47ec-9384-e26e028afbe9.png"/><title> IRIN | Africa | West Africa | Niger </title><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="IRIN News" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/irin.xml"/><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="IRIN Francais" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/frenchtop10.xml"/> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/jquery-migrate-1.2.1.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/smartmenus-0.9.6/jquery.smartmenus.min.js"></script> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/clearbox/clearbox.js?dir=/SharedResources/js/clearbox/clearbox&lang=en&config=default" type="text/javascript"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20150905155247cs_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/prettyPhoto/css/prettyPhoto.css" type="text/css" media="screen" title="prettyPhoto main stylesheet" charset="utf-8"/> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/prettyPhoto/js/jquery.prettyPhoto.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script> <link href="/web/20150905155247cs_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/smartmenus-0.9.6/css/sm-core-css.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/web/20150905155247cs_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/js/smartmenus-0.9.6/css/sm-blue/sm-blue.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <script type="text/javascript"> function MM_jumpMenu(targ, selObj, restore) { //v3.0 eval(targ + ".location='" + selObj.options[selObj.selectedIndex].value + "'"); if (restore) selObj.selectedIndex = 0; } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; (function() { var gads = document.createElement('script'); gads.async = true; gads.type = 'text/javascript'; var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/58680244/IRIN-About-Footer-LB', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1426084670274-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/58680244/IRIN-Home-TopRight-Col-Box', [300, 250], 'top-right-english').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/58680244/IRIN-Main-Footer-LB', [728, 90], 'general-footer-english').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/58680244/IRIN-Reports-TopRight-Box', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1426084670274-3').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/58680244/IRINVideoFooter', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1426084670274-4').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-1171245-1', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script>window.twttr = (function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], t = window.twttr || {}; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); t._e = []; t.ready = function(f) { t._e.push(f); }; return t; }(document, "script", "twitter-wjs"));</script> <link href="/web/20150905155247cs_/http://www.irinnews.org/App_Themes/ENG/Africa.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/web/20150905155247cs_/http://www.irinnews.org/App_Themes/ENG/Menu.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/web/20150905155247cs_/http://www.irinnews.org/WebResource.axd?d=2oo083mh2106qHmvAxaRb5k0S7AEHxQdt6XfFy3LSuWPSHE3eQIQ3Tg5ettuQ0Rz5FyAPEwwnjTqBdxo6xusaMRJhjUd9wPwG9EQjPSpxo9vRtjQw0pcR_B17VWdWbJGjLK_74IxpCA42q5IBks6tvwu8-fDgKVly6iWMVOuEoU1&t=635497317330000000" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" class="Telerik_stylesheet"/></head> <body> <div id="fb-root"> </div> <script> window.fbAsyncInit = function () { FB.init({ appId: '205824739452483', // App ID status: true, // check login status cookie: true, // enable cookies to allow the server to access the session xfbml: true // parse XFBML }); // Additional initialization code here }; // Load the SDK Asynchronously (function (d) { var js, id = 'facebook-jssdk', ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js"; ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); $(function () { $('#main-menu').smartmenus(); }); </script> <form name="aspnetForm" method="post" action="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/country/ne/niger" onsubmit="javascript:return WebForm_OnSubmit();" id="aspnetForm"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="ctl00_RadScriptManager1_TSM" id="ctl00_RadScriptManager1_TSM" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTTARGET" id="__EVENTTARGET" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTARGUMENT" id="__EVENTARGUMENT" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="/wEPDwUJMjY1MTkwMTUxZBgBBR5fX0NvbnRyb2xzUmVxdWlyZVBvc3RCYWNrS2V5X18WAgUPY3RsMDAkYnRuU2VhcmNoBSJjdGwwMCRVc2VybmFtZTEkTG9naW5WaWV3MSRCdXR0b24xrJva43Kbfk9V2ftQOeR1YWs66piRUSeZlp1scj9R6/8="/> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var theForm = document.forms['aspnetForm']; if (!theForm) { theForm = document.aspnetForm; } function __doPostBack(eventTarget, eventArgument) { if (!theForm.onsubmit || (theForm.onsubmit() != false)) { theForm.__EVENTTARGET.value = eventTarget; theForm.__EVENTARGUMENT.value = eventArgument; theForm.submit(); } } //]]> </script> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/WebResource.axd?d=RvGIJC1Joe5eNk4UsdeRZdQBOkq-pgD9ctDDkgmmPUMcbi8g0xJuv7_fuHDBN6HkMNtwXGxWN0Pi9lGmBKwPfUZRa7UBtgCntSToE-CgUF41&t=635586488020000000" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/ScriptResource.axd?d=44olZ44i8cY5m8XVy4TfRUbyTeCSa4armPwDd7er-qId8qmb-nsu67uJB0J_Yj6n5MXDJXXPf4dL0cP_4iVYfK6VkLQfDdxW80a0nnW_traQhps94TzKhsOrfsgLhZlQSFVkq4tGlPa_9knsRXWdQy5Ex-jOoN8Op3Xpuye_aHg1&t=fffffffffe82416f" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/web/20150905155247js_/http://www.irinnews.org/Telerik.Web.UI.WebResource.axd?_TSM_HiddenField_=ctl00_RadScriptManager1_TSM&compress=1&_TSM_CombinedScripts_=%3b%3bSystem.Web.Extensions%2c+Version%3d4.0.0.0%2c+Culture%3dneutral%2c+PublicKeyToken%3d31bf3856ad364e35%3aen-GB%3a88fd0407-24cf-4abd-9df5-22f81b2bc835%3aea597d4b%3ab25378d2%3bTelerik.Web.UI%2c+Version%3d2014.2.724.40%2c+Culture%3dneutral%2c+PublicKeyToken%3d121fae78165ba3d4%3aen-GB%3a9ac720df-7b88-4e1e-8026-2b8c24207e88%3a16e4e7cd%3ab7778d6c" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ if (typeof(Sys) === 'undefined') throw new Error('ASP.NET Ajax client-side framework failed to load.'); //]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ function WebForm_OnSubmit() { if (typeof(ValidatorOnSubmit) == "function" && ValidatorOnSubmit() == false) return false; return true; } //]]> </script> <div> <input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="C348E8C1"/> <input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="/wEdAAUCrOUBrZO0aN1LS01eYhg44+3WpZQNb82rzs2KnT3rh1V6RkAfufrqJa6LpqnGFgtikkRaftJ18Bt0iXwhPCYv3tHYmeHiRHQBdZPlNy1bCb7yBORI2iyAnYPV7PeFL86pLajMskJZQD0Je+ENOTxD"/> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ Sys.WebForms.PageRequestManager._initialize('ctl00$RadScriptManager1', 'aspnetForm', [], [], [], 90, 'ctl00'); //]]> </script> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="header"> <div id="TopLinks"> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/fr/" style="color: #666">Français</a> </span><span></span> <span>|</span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://arabic.irinnews.org/" style="color: #666">عربي</a></span> <span>|</span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://m.irinnews.org/" style="color: #666">Mobile</a></span> <span>|</span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/About" style="color: #666">About IRIN</a></span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/RSS.aspx"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/redesign/images/design/rss_icon.png" alt="rss" width="16" height="16" border="0" align="middle"/></a></span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://twitter.com/irinnews" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/redesign/images/design/twit_icon.png" alt="twitter @irinnews" width="16" height="16" border="0" align="middle"/></a></span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.facebook.com/IRINnews" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/redesign/images/design/fb_icon.png" alt="facebook" width="16" height="16" border="0" align="middle"/></a></span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/https://www.youtube.com/IRINFILMS" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/redesign/images/design/ytube_icon.png" alt="YouTube" width="16" height="16" border="0" align="middle"/></a></span> <span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://pinterest.com/irinnews" target="_blank"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/redesign/images/design/pin_icon.png" alt="Pinterest" width="16" height="16" border="0" align="middle"/></a></span> <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 4px;"> 05 September 2015</span> </div> <div id="LogoBox"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/design/transparentlogo.gif" alt="" width="111" height="52" style="border-width: 0px;"/></a> </div> <!-- Search Form div --> <div id="ctl00_panSearch" onkeypress="javascript:return WebForm_FireDefaultButton(event, 'ctl00_btnSearch')"> <div id="SearchBox"> <br/> <div class="TextBoxWithImage"> <!-- 2014.2.724.40 --><span id="ctl00_txtSearch_wrapper" class="riSingle RadInput RadInput_Default" style="width:160px;"><input id="ctl00_txtSearch" name="ctl00$txtSearch" size="20" class="riTextBox riEmpty textBox" value="Search" type="text"/><input id="ctl00_txtSearch_ClientState" name="ctl00_txtSearch_ClientState" type="hidden"/></span> <span id="ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1" style="color:Red;display:none;">*</span> <span id="ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1" style="color:Red;display:none;">*</span> <input type="image" name="ctl00$btnSearch" id="ctl00_btnSearch" class="imageButton" src="/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/Images/design/search_icon.png" onclick="javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions("ctl00$btnSearch", "", true, "BasicSearch", "", false, false))" style="border-width:0px;"/> </div> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/AdvancedSearch">Advanced Search</a> </div> </div> <div id="IrinName"> <h1>humanitarian news and analysis</h1> </div> <div id="GreyNav"> <!-- Country dropdown div --> <div id="CountryNav"> <select name="jumpMenu" id="CountryMenu" onchange="MM_jumpMenu('parent',this,0)"> <option value="#"> - Select a country -</option> <option value="/Country/AFG/Afghanistan">Afghanistan</option> <option value="/Country/AO/Angola">Angola</option> <option value="/Country/BD/Bangladesh">Bangladesh</option> <option value="/Country/BJ/Benin">Benin</option> <option value="/Country/BW/Botswana">Botswana</option> <option value="/Country/BF/Burkina-Faso">Burkina Faso</option> <option value="/Country/BI/Burundi">Burundi</option> <option value="/Country/KH/Cambodia">Cambodia</option> <option value="/Country/CM/Cameroon">Cameroon</option> <option value="/Country/CV/Cape-Verde">Cape Verde</option> <option value="/Country/CFA/Central-African-Republic">Central African Republic (CAR)</option> <option value="/Country/TD/Chad">Chad</option> <option value="/Country/CO/Comoros">Comoros</option> <option value="/Country/CG/Congo">Republic of Congo</option> <option value="/Country/CI/Cote-dIvoire">Cote d'lvoire</option> <option value="/Country/DJ/Djibouti">Djibouti</option> <option value="/Country/CD/DRC">Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)</option> <option value="/Country/EG/Egypt">Egypt</option> <option value="/Country/GQ/Equatorial-Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</option> <option value="/Country/ER/Eritrea">Eritrea</option> <option value="/Country/ET/Ethiopia">Ethiopia</option> <option value="/Country/GA/Gabon">Gabon</option> <option value="/Country/GM/Gambia">Gambia</option> <option value="/Country/GH/Ghana">Ghana</option> <option value="/Country/GN/Guinea">Guinea</option> <option value="/Country/GW/Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</option> <option value="/Country/HT/Haiti">Haiti</option> <option value="/Country/ID/Indonesia">Indonesia</option> <option value="/Country/IR/Iran">Iran</option> <option value="/Country/IQ/Iraq">Iraq</option> <option value="/Country/IL/Israel">Israel</option> <option value="/Country/JO/Jordan">Jordan</option> <!--<option value="/Country/KZ/Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</option>--> <option value="/Country/KE/Kenya">Kenya</option> <option value="/Country/KG/Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</option> <option value="/Country/LA/Laos">Laos</option> <option value="/Country/LB/Lebanon">Lebanon</option> <option value="/Country/LS/Lesotho">Lesotho</option> <option value="/Country/LR/Liberia">Liberia</option> <option value="/Country/LY/Libya">Libya</option> <option value="/Country/MG/Madagascar">Madagascar</option> <option value="/Country/MW/Malawi">Malawi</option> <option value="/Country/ML/Mali">Mali</option> <option value="/Country/MR/Mauritania">Mauritania</option> <option value="/Country/MU/Mauritius">Mauritius</option> <option value="/Country/MZ/Mozambique">Mozambique</option> <option value="/Country/MM/Myanmar">Myanmar</option> <option value="/Country/NA/Namibia">Namibia</option> <option value="/Country/NPA/Nepal">Nepal</option> <option value="/Country/NE/Niger">Niger</option> <option value="/Country/NG/Nigeria">Nigeria</option> <option value="/Country/OPT/OPT">occ. Palestinian terr.</option> <option value="/Country/PK/Pakistan">Pakistan</option> <option value="/Country/PG/Papua-New-Guinea">Papua New Guinea</option> <option value="/Country/PH/Philippines">Philippines</option> <option value="/Country/RW/Rwanda">Rwanda</option> <option value="/Country/ST/Sao-Tome-and-Principe">Sao Tome and Principe</option> <option value="/Country/SN/Senegal">Senegal</option> <option value="/Country/SC/Seychelles">Seychelles</option> <option value="/Country/SL/Sierra-Leone">Sierra Leone</option> <option value="/Country/SO/Somalia">Somalia</option> <option value="/Country/ZA/South-Africa">South Africa</option> <option value="/Country/SS/South-Sudan">South Sudan</option> <option value="/Country/LK/Sri-Lanka">Sri Lanka</option> <option value="/Country/SD/Sudan">Sudan</option> <option value="/Country/SZ/Swaziland">Swaziland</option> <option value="/Country/SY/Syria">Syria</option> <option value="/Country/TJ/Tajikistan">Tajikistan</option> <option value="/Country/TZ/Tanzania">Tanzania</option> <option value="/Country/TH/Thailand">Thailand</option> <option value="/Country/TL/Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</option> <option value="/Country/TG/Togo">Togo</option> <option value="/Country/TA/Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</option> <option value="/Country/UG/Uganda">Uganda</option> <!--<option value="/Country/UAE/United-Arab-Emirates">United Arab Emirates</option>--> <option value="/Country/UZ/Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</option> <option value="/Country/VN/Vietnam">Vietnam</option> <option value="/Country/WS/Western-Sahara">Western Sahara</option> <option value="/Country/YE/Yemen">Yemen</option> <option value="/Country/ZM/Zambia">Zambia</option> <option value="/Country/ZW/Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</option> </select> </div> <div id="SubsBox"> <div id="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_Panel1" onkeypress="javascript:return WebForm_FireDefaultButton(event, 'ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_Button1')"> <div style="display: inline-block; float: left; margin-top: 8px;"> <strong> <a id="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_HyperLink2" href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Registration/">Sign up for email alerts</a> | <a id="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_lnkLogin" href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Registration/Account/">Login</a></strong> </div> <div class="TextBoxWithImage" style="background-color:#f9f9f8"> <span id="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_txtEmail_wrapper" class="riSingle RadInput RadInput_Default" style="width:160px;"><input id="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_txtEmail" name="ctl00$Username1$LoginView1$txtEmail" size="20" class="riTextBox riEmpty textBox" value="Type your email" type="text"/><input id="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_txtEmail_ClientState" name="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_txtEmail_ClientState" type="hidden"/></span> <input type="image" name="ctl00$Username1$LoginView1$Button1" id="ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_Button1" class="imageButton" src="/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/SharedResources/Images/design/submit_icon.png" style="border-width:0px;"/> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul id="main-menu" class="sm sm-blue"> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Analysis">Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Global">Global Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Africa">Africa</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Region/EAF/East-Africa">EAST AFRICA</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ke/Kenya">Kenya</a> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SS/South-Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SD/Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/TZ/Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/UG/Uganda">Uganda</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Region/GL/Great-Lakes">GREAT LAKES</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/BI/Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/CFA/Central-African-Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/CG/Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/CD/DRC">DRC</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/RW/Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Region/HOA/Horn-of-Africa">HORN OF AFRICA </a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/DJ/Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ER/Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ET/Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SO/Somalia">Somalia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Region/SAF/Southern-Africa">SOUTHERN AFRICA</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/AO/Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/BW/Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/CO/Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/LS/Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/MG/Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/MW/Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/MU/Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/MZ/Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/NA/Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SC/Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ZA/South-Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SZ/Swaziland">Swaziland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ZM/Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ZW/Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Region/WA/West-Africa">WEST AFRICA</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/BJ/Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/BF/Burkina-Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/CM/Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/CV/Cape-Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/TD/Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/CI/Cote-dIvoire">Cote d'Ivoire</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/GA/Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/GM/Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/GH/Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/GN/Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/GQ/Equatorial-Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/GW/Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/LR/Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ML/Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/MR/Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/NE/Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/NG/Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ST/Sao-Tome-and-Principe">Sao Tome and Principe</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SN/Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SL/Sierra-Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/TG/Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/WS/Western-Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Asia">Asia</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/AFG/Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/BD/Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/KH/Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/ID/Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/IN/India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/IR/Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/KG/Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/LA/Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/MY/Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/MM/Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/NPA/Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/KR/North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/PK/Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/PG/Papua-New-Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/PH/Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/LK/Sri-Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/TJ/Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/TH/Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/TL/Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/TA/Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/UZ/Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/VN/Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Middle-East">Middle East</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/EG/Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/IQ/Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/IL/Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/JO/Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/LB/Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/LY/Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/OPT/OPT">OPT</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/SY/Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Country/YE/Yemen">Yemen</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/mostread.aspx">Trending</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Film">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Photo">Photo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/in-depth">In-Depth</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/HOV">Hear Our Voices</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/weeklies">At a glance</a></li> <li><a href="#" class="has-submenu">Themes</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/POL/Aid-Policy">Aid Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/CHI/Children">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/PEA/Conflict">Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/DRR/Disaster-Risk-Reduction">Disaster Risk Reduction</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/EAR/Early-Warning">Early Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/EBO/Ebola-Crisis">Ebola Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/AFC/East-Africa-Food-Crisis">East Africa Food Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/ECO/Economy">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/EDU/Education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/ENV/Environment">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/BRF/Flu">Flu</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/FOO/Food-Security">Food Security</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/GEN/Gender-Issues">Gender Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/GOV/Governance">Governance</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/HEA/Health-Nutrition">Health & Nutrition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/HIV/HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/HUM/Human-Rights">Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/MIG/Migration">Migration</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/NAT/Natural-Disasters">Natural Disasters</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/REF/Refugees-IDPs">Refugees/IDPs</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/SAH/Sahel-Crisis">Sahel Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/SEC/Security">Security</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/URB/Urban-Risk">Urban Risk</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Theme/WAT/Water-Sanitation">Water & Sanitation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="MainContent"> <!-- main body --> <div id="countryHeader"> <div class="fl"> <div style="margin-bottom:8px;margin-top:8px;"><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/">Home</a> > <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Africa">Africa</a> > <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Region/WA/West-Africa">West Africa</a> > Niger</div> </div> <div class="fr" style="margin-top:5px;"> <img id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_imgFlag" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://pictures.irinnews.org/images/design/flags/NE.gif" style="border-width:0px;"/> </div> <div class="fr"> <h2>NIGER </h2> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div id="leftbodyGlobal"> <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_lblError"></span> <table width="100%"><tr><td><div id="mainstoryphoto"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2015/201507151618000130.jpg"/></div><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101753/Dreams-that-wither-and-die-in-the-African-desert"><h1>Dreams that wither and die in the African desert</h1></a><p>NIAMEY, 15 July 2015 (IRIN) - It is estimated that more than 100,000 West Africans will cross Niger this year on their way to Europe. But many don’t even reach the coasts of places like Algeria, Libya or Morocco to try their luck on the perilous boat journeys. For many, their dreams wither and die in the desert: <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101753/Dreams-that-wither-and-die-in-the-African-desert" class="bodylinks" style="font-weight:bold;">full report</a></p></div></td></tr></table> <div style="background-color: #f0f5f9; margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2014/201412120933450873t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101687/Niger-Boko-Haram-s-neglected-crisis"><h3> Niger: Boko Haram's neglected crisis</h3></a> NIAMEY/DAKAR, 29 June 2015 (IRIN) - Nigerian families first began seeking refuge in Niger in 2013, but Boko Haram-related violence in the region has spiked in recent months, causing the number of refugees to balloon and leading to a fast-growing humanitarian crisis that is garnering little international media attention: <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101687/Niger-Boko-Haram-s-neglected-crisis"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2015/201506231038510567t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101665/Avian-flu-threatens-West-Africa-poultry-farmers"><h3> Avian flu threatens West Africa poultry farmers</h3></a> OUAGADOUGOU, 23 June 2015 (IRIN) - The loss, since January, of more than 1.7 million birds across five countries in West Africa is threatening the livelihoods of poultry farmers across the region. <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101665/Avian-flu-threatens-West-Africa-poultry-farmers"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: #f0f5f9; margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2015/201504061613090144t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101332/What-future-for-the-humanitarian-capital-of-the-world"><h3> What future for the humanitarian capital of the world? </h3></a> GENEVA, 7 April 2015 (IRIN) - Geneva has firmly taken its place as one of the most expensive cities in the world, following a sharp rise in the value of the Swiss franc in January. Should cost-conscious aid agencies be headquartered there? <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101332/What-future-for-the-humanitarian-capital-of-the-world"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2009/200901271t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101285/Killing-us-softly"><h3> Killing us softly </h3></a> HONG KONG, 27 March 2015 (IRIN) - Of the 100 million Chinese who watched a documentary - later censored - about air pollution in their country, 172,000 are likely to die each year from air pollution-related diseases. <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101285/Killing-us-softly"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: #f0f5f9; margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/200492214t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101170/Working-to-keep-the-peace-The-impact-of-job-schemes-on-ex-rebels"><h3> Working to keep the peace: The impact of job schemes on ex-rebels</h3></a> NAIROBI, 27 February 2015 (IRIN) - Job-creation schemes are the traditional way to tackle the post-conflict problem of unemployed ex-fighters and to reduce the threat they can pose to peace and stability in fragile states. <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101170/Working-to-keep-the-peace-The-impact-of-job-schemes-on-ex-rebels"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2015/201502241642270774t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101153/Three-words-of-advice-for-WHO-Africa-s-new-chief"><h3> Three words of advice for WHO Africa's new chief</h3></a> DAKAR, 24 February 2015 (IRIN) - WHO’s new regional director for Africa faces a tough road ahead, as she attempts to restore confidence in the organization following failures to act more quickly during the Ebola outbreak. <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101153/Three-words-of-advice-for-WHO-Africa-s-new-chief"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: #f0f5f9; margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2013/201310251228010087t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101122/Who-celebrity-advocates-are-really-targeting-And-it-s-not-you"><h3> Who celebrity advocates are really targeting. And it’s not you.</h3></a> LONDON, 13 February 2015 (IRIN) - In recent years, aid agencies have increasingly used celebrities to raise awareness and money for their causes. There’s just one problem: It doesn’t actually work. <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101122/Who-celebrity-advocates-are-really-targeting-And-it-s-not-you"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2014/201410131102590518t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101046/After-Ebola-What-next-for-West-Africa-s-health-systems"><h3> After Ebola: What next for West Africa’s health systems</h3></a> NAIROBI, 26 January 2015 (IRIN) - As rates of Ebola infection fall in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone planning has begun on how to rebuild public health systems and learn lessons from the outbreak. <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101046/After-Ebola-What-next-for-West-Africa-s-health-systems"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <div style="background-color: #f0f5f9; margin: 5px 5px 5px 0;"> <div class="fl" style="margin: 5px;"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2010/201008251121470984t.jpg"/></div> <div class="fl" style="width: 410px; padding: 5px;"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101019/Nice-and-dirty-the-importance-of-soil"><h3> Nice and dirty – the importance of soil</h3></a> NAIROBI, 16 January 2015 (IRIN) - Be it laterite, loam, peat or clay, soil is life. It's the foundation of food security, and so the UN has declared 2015 as the year to draw attention to the stuff. <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101019/Nice-and-dirty-the-importance-of-soil"> full report</a> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <br/> [<a id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_lnkReadMore" href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?DoAdvanced=true&Country=ne">Read more about Niger</a> ]</div> <div id="rightbody"> <!-- rightbody --> <div id="PhotoBox" class="SideBox"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/slideshows.aspx"> <h1> SLIDESHOW</h1></a> <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201202200806130515" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="The Sahara desert and the semi-arid Sahel zone cover about 80 percent of Niger, which has an eight-month dry season"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2012/201202200806130515.jpg"/>Desert warriors</a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221157580767" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="Crops are the mainstay of the country’s economy but livestock production - camels, goats, sheep and cattle - accounts for 14 percent of Niger's GDP"></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221159390402" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="The pastoralist Toubou community in Niger’s Diffa Region is learning to adapt to erratic weather patterns. Some family members trade and farm, while others herd animals"></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221201390320" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="Halima Abdou, a Fulani, said when she was growing up she used to drink milk every day, but that milk was now a treat for her children"></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221203500408" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="Bappi Dari, leader of a WoDaabe community which was forced to give up the nomadic way of life because of drought, now earns a pittance as a security guard in Diffa town."></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221206050279" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="WoDaabe women now settled in Diffa town earn less than a dollar a day braiding hair"></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221207500967" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="Keeping livestock mobile and able to access green pastures across international borders is essential in drought years"></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221209590003" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="Pastoralists have poor access to health care, water and education. Half of all children under five in Niger are acutely malnourished"></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221211450193" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="Many schools have been forced to shut down this year: Parents affected by the food crisis have been forced to withdraw their children"></a><a style="visibility:hidden;display:none" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/photo/Download.aspx?Source=SideBoxSlideShow&Year=2012&ImageID=201203221212520460" rel="clearbox[type=image,,gallery=SideboxSlideshow]" title="A man ferries a precious drum of water through a sandstorm. Most of the rural population, including pastoralists, do not have easy access to drinking water and lack sanitation"></a> </div> <div id="FilmBox" class="SideBox"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/film"> <h1> FILM</h1></a> <iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247if_/http://www.youtube.com/embed/ghBE_abOGmM" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen class="YoutubeVideo"></iframe> <a id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_ucVideo_lnk" href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/film/4103/Creeping-Deserts">Creeping Deserts</a> </div> <div id="InDepthBox" class="SideBox"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/in-depth"><h1>IN-DEPTH</h1></a> <img id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_ucIndepth_imgLead" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247im_/http://www.irinnews.org/images/2010/201008311318570468.jpg" style="border-width:0px;"/> <ul class="NewsList"> <li class="NewsList"><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/In-depth/89910/81/Food-and-nutrition-crisis-in-Niger-and-the-Western-Sahel">Food and nutrition crisis in Niger and the Western Sahel</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="MostReadBox" class="SideBox"> <a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/MostRead"><h1>MOST READ</h1></a> <ul class="NewsList"> <li class="NewsList"><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101926/Here-today-gone-tomorrow">Here today, gone tomorrow</a></li><li class="NewsList"><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101951/IRIN-s-Top-Picks-Cash-in-aid-changing-faith-and-de-development-in-Gaza">IRIN's Top Picks: Cash in aid, changing faith, and de-development in Gaza</a></li><li class="NewsList"><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101957/In-Israel-Refugees-Welcome-gains-small-foothold">In Israel, Refugees Welcome gains small foothold</a></li><li class="NewsList"><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101961/European-human-rights-court-could-put-brakes-on-migrant-deportations">European human rights court could put brakes on migrant deportations</a></li><li class="NewsList LastItem"><a href="/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/Report/101959/Life-still-hard-in-northern-Mali-despite-peace-deal">Life still hard in northern Mali, despite peace deal</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="sidebar" style="width: 300px;"> <div style="margin: 5px; padding: 5px; padding-bottom: 10px;"> <h5 style="margin-bottom: 5px;"> <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Socialize1_label1">Socialize</span></h5> <div id="fb-root"> </div> <!-- Go to www.addthis.com/dashboard to customize your tools --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150905155247js_/http://s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-5165551068a72215" async="async"></script> <!-- Go to www.addthis.com/dashboard to customize your tools --> <div class="addthis_native_toolbox"></div> <br/> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"> </div> </div> <!-- End of wrapper--> <div id="Footer"> <div id="FooterRow1" class="FooterRow1Links" aligh="left"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/copyright">Copyright</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/about">About IRIN</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://www.irinnews.org/jobs">Jobs</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://m.irinnews.org/">Mobile</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/mailto:feedback@irinnews.org">Feedback</a> </div> <div class="FooterRow2"> <center> <!-- IRIN-Main-Footer-LB --> <div id="general-footer-english" style="width:728px; height:90px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('general-footer-english'); }); </script> </div></center> </div> <div class="divClear"></div> <div class="FooterRow3"> Copyright © IRIN 2015 </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var _sf_async_config = { uid: 60144, domain: 'irinnews.org', useCanonical: true }; (function() { function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt = (new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src','//web.archive.org/web/20150905155247/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); }; var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var Page_Validators = new Array(document.getElementById("ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1"), document.getElementById("ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1")); //]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1 = document.all ? document.all["ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1"] : document.getElementById("ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1"); ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1.controltovalidate = "ctl00_txtSearch"; ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1.errormessage = "*"; ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1.display = "Dynamic"; ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1.validationGroup = "BasicSearch"; ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1.evaluationfunction = "RequiredFieldValidatorEvaluateIsValid"; ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1.initialvalue = ""; var ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1 = document.all ? document.all["ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1"] : document.getElementById("ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1"); ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1.controltovalidate = "ctl00_txtSearch"; ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1.errormessage = "*"; ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1.display = "Dynamic"; ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1.validationGroup = "BasicSearch"; ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1.evaluationfunction = "RegularExpressionValidatorEvaluateIsValid"; ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1.validationexpression = "^[a-zA-Z0-9\'\'-\'\\s]{3,300}$"; //]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ var Page_ValidationActive = false; if (typeof(ValidatorOnLoad) == "function") { ValidatorOnLoad(); } function ValidatorOnSubmit() { if (Page_ValidationActive) { return ValidatorCommonOnSubmit(); } else { return true; } } Sys.Application.add_init(function() { $create(Telerik.Web.UI.RadTextBox, {"_causesValidation":true,"_displayText":"Search","_focused":false,"_initialValueAsText":"","_postBackEventReferenceScript":"setTimeout(\"__doPostBack(\\\u0027ctl00$txtSearch\\\u0027,\\\u0027\\\u0027)\", 0)","_skin":"Default","_validationGroup":"BasicSearch","_validationText":"","clientStateFieldID":"ctl00_txtSearch_ClientState","emptyMessage":"Search","enabled":true,"styles":{HoveredStyle: ["width:160px;", "riTextBox riHover textBox"],InvalidStyle: ["width:160px;", "riTextBox riError textBox"],DisabledStyle: ["width:160px;", "riTextBox riDisabled textBox"],FocusedStyle: ["width:160px;", "riTextBox riFocused textBox"],EmptyMessageStyle: ["width:160px;", "riTextBox riEmpty textBox"],ReadOnlyStyle: ["width:160px;", "riTextBox riRead textBox"],EnabledStyle: ["width:160px;", "riTextBox riEnabled textBox"]}}, null, null, $get("ctl00_txtSearch")); }); document.getElementById('ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1').dispose = function() { Array.remove(Page_Validators, document.getElementById('ctl00_RequiredFieldValidator1')); } document.getElementById('ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1').dispose = function() { Array.remove(Page_Validators, document.getElementById('ctl00_RegularExpressionValidator1')); } Sys.Application.add_init(function() { $create(Telerik.Web.UI.RadTextBox, {"_causesValidation":true,"_displayText":"Type your email","_focused":false,"_initialValueAsText":"","_postBackEventReferenceScript":"setTimeout(\"__doPostBack(\\\u0027ctl00$Username1$LoginView1$txtEmail\\\u0027,\\\u0027\\\u0027)\", 0)","_skin":"Default","_validationText":"","clientStateFieldID":"ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_txtEmail_ClientState","emptyMessage":"Type your email","enabled":true,"styles":{HoveredStyle: ["background-color:#F9F9F8;width:160px;", "riTextBox riHover textBox"],InvalidStyle: ["background-color:#F9F9F8;width:160px;", "riTextBox riError textBox"],DisabledStyle: ["background-color:#F9F9F8;width:160px;", "riTextBox riDisabled textBox"],FocusedStyle: ["background-color:#F9F9F8;width:160px;", "riTextBox riFocused textBox"],EmptyMessageStyle: ["background-color:#F9F9F8;width:160px;", "riTextBox riEmpty textBox"],ReadOnlyStyle: ["background-color:#F9F9F8;width:160px;", "riTextBox riRead textBox"],EnabledStyle: ["background-color:#F9F9F8;width:160px;", "riTextBox riEnabled textBox"]}}, null, null, $get("ctl00_Username1_LoginView1_txtEmail")); }); //]]> </script> </form> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150905155247js_/http://s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=ra-5165551068a72215" async="async"></script> </body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 15:52:47 Sep 05, 2015 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 02:46:14 Dec 12, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 1.458 exclusion.robots: 0.862 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.039 esindex: 0.01 cdx.remote: 11.118 LoadShardBlock: 370.616 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 330.106 (4) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 1178.45 (2) load_resource: 1197.199 -->