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</nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Madrid</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> capitale de l'Espagne </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Langue" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Langue</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Madrid&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Suivre</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modifier</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Cet article concerne la capitale de l'Espagne. Pour les autres significations, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid_(homonymie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Madrid (homonymie)">Madrid (homonymie)</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p><b>Madrid</b> (prononcé : <span class="API nowrap" title="Alphabet phonétique international" style="font-family:'Segoe UI','DejaVu Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial Unicode MS','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro',sans-serif;">/<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_m?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API m"><span title="[m] « m » dans « mou ».">m</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API a"><span title="[a] « a » dans « patte ».">a</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ."><span title="[.] indique la séparation entre deux syllabes.">.</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_d?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API d"><span title="[d] en français « d » dans « doux » ; ailleurs avec la langue un peu plus en arrière.">d</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%CA%81?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ʁ"><span title="[ʁ] « r » dans « roue ».">ʁ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API i"><span title="[i] « i » dans « si ».">i</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_d?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API d"><span title="[d] en français « d » dans « doux » ; ailleurs avec la langue un peu plus en arrière.">d</span></a>/</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r216827669">.mw-parser-output .prononciation>a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg")center left no-repeat;background-size:11px 11px;padding-left:15px;font-size:smaller}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .prononciation>a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg/11px-Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg.png")center left no-repeat}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .prononciation>a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg/11px-Antu_audio-volume-medium.svg.png")center left no-repeat}}</style><sup class="prononciation noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:LL-Q150_(fra)-Fhala.K-Madrid.wav?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fichier:LL-Q150 (fra)-Fhala.K-Madrid.wav">Écouter</a></sup> ; en espagnol : <span class="API nowrap" title="Alphabet phonétique international" style="font-family:'Segoe UI','DejaVu Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode','Arial Unicode MS','Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro',sans-serif;">[<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_m?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API m"><span title="[m] « m » dans « mou ».">m</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API a"><span title="[a] « a » dans « patte ».">a</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%CB%88?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ˈ"><span title="[ˈ] indique que la syllabe ou voyelle suivante porte l'accent tonique.">ˈ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C3%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ð"><span title="[ð] proche de [z] mais avec la langue entre les dents. En anglais, « th » dans « the ».">ð</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C9%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ɾ"><span title="[ɾ] « r » du français languedocien. En catalan, « r » dans « pare ».">ɾ</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API i"><span title="[i] « i » dans « si ».">i</span></a><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/API_%C3%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="API ð"><span title="[ð] proche de [z] mais avec la langue entre les dents. En anglais, « th » dans « the ».">ð</span></a>]</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>) est la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capitale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capitale">capitale</a> et la plus grande ville d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espagne">Espagne</a>. Située dans la partie centrale du royaume, elle est également la capitale et la ville la plus peuplée de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Communauté de Madrid">communauté de Madrid</a>. En tant que capitale d'État, elle abrite la plupart des institutions politiques du pays, dont la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_la_Zarzuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de la Zarzuela">résidence royale</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_la_Moncloa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de la Moncloa">siège du gouvernement</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cortes_Generales?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cortes Generales">Parlement</a>.</p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete entete map" style="background-color:#DDFFDD;color:black;">Madrid<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r151886662">.mw-parser-output .entete.map{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")}</style></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="1" align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Escudo_de_Madrid.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Blason de Madrid"><img alt="Blason de Madrid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Escudo_de_Madrid.svg/65px-Escudo_de_Madrid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Escudo_de_Madrid.svg/98px-Escudo_de_Madrid.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Escudo_de_Madrid.svg/130px-Escudo_de_Madrid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="400"></a></span><br><small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%A9raldique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Héraldique">Héraldique</a> </small></td> <td colspan="1" align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Bandera_de_la_ciudad_de_Madrid.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Madrid"><img alt="Drapeau de Madrid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bandera_de_la_ciudad_de_Madrid.svg/130px-Bandera_de_la_ciudad_de_Madrid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bandera_de_la_ciudad_de_Madrid.svg/195px-Bandera_de_la_ciudad_de_Madrid.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bandera_de_la_ciudad_de_Madrid.svg/260px-Bandera_de_la_ciudad_de_Madrid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000"></a></span><br><small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drapeau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drapeau">Drapeau</a> </small></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CollageMadrid.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Madrid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/CollageMadrid.jpg/280px-CollageMadrid.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/CollageMadrid.jpg/420px-CollageMadrid.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/CollageMadrid.jpg/560px-CollageMadrid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2007" data-file-height="2060"></a></span> <br> De haut en bas : quartiers d'affaires centraux - <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/AZCA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="AZCA">AZCA</a> et CTBA, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_d%27Alcal%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue d'Alcalá">Rue d'Alcalá</a> avec l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Immeuble_Metr%C3%B3polis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Immeuble Metrópolis">immeuble Metrópolis</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_Cyb%C3%A8le?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de Cybèle">Palais de Cybèle</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais royal de Madrid">Palais royal</a> et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_de_l%27Almudena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cathédrale de l'Almudena">cathédrale de l'Almudena</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Administration</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_pays_du_monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des pays du monde">Pays</a></th> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Espagne"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Spain.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Espagne"><img alt="Drapeau de l'Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500"></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espagne">Espagne</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Statut</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Municipalit%C3%A9_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalité (Espagne)">Commune</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9s_autonomes_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Communautés autonomes d'Espagne">Communauté autonome</a></th> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Madrid communauté"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la communauté de Madrid"><img alt="Drapeau de la communauté de Madrid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="700"></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Communauté de Madrid">Communauté de Madrid</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Provinces_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Provinces d'Espagne">Province</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Communauté de Madrid">Madrid</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/District_judiciaire_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="District judiciaire espagnol">District judic.</a></th> <td>Madrid</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finances_locales?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finances locales">Budget</a></th> <td>5 939 000 000 <abbr class="abbr" title="euros"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Euro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Euro">euros</a></abbr> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2023?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2023">2023</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maire">Maire</a> <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mandat_politique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mandat politique">Mandat</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Mart%C3%ADnez-Almeida?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Luis Martínez-Almeida">José Luis Martínez-Almeida</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a>) <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2023?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2023">2023</a>-<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2027?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2027">2027</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Code_postal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Code postal">Code postal</a></th> <td>28001-28080</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Démographie</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gentil%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gentilé">Gentilé</a></th> <td>Madrilène</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Recensement_de_la_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Recensement de la population">Population</a></th> <td>3 332 035 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant">hab.</abbr> <small>(<time datetime="2023" data-sort-value="2023" class="date-lien"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2023?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2023">2023</a></time>)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Densit%C3%A9_de_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Densité de population">Densité</a></th> <td>5 512 <abbr class="abbr" title="habitant par kilomètre carré">hab./km<sup>2</sup></abbr></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Géographie</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coordonn%C3%A9es_g%C3%A9ographiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coordonnées géographiques">Coordonnées</a></th> <td><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/9/40.433333/-3.683333/fr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-zoom="9" data-lat="40.433333" data-lon="-3.683333" data-overlays="["_4986437d5e9d39473f51e248630ad96edc46913c"]">40° 26′ 00″ nord, 3° 41′ 00″ ouest</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altitude?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altitude">Altitude</a></th> <td>657 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr><br></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aire_(g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Superficie" title="Aire (géométrie)">Superficie</a></th> <td><span title="604 460 000 m² ou 604,46 km²" style="cursor:help">60 446</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="hectare">ha</abbr> = 604,46 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Rivière(s)</th> <td>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manzanares_(rivi%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manzanares (rivière)">Manzanares</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Divers</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_de_saints_patrons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste de saints patrons">Saint patron</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Isidore_le_Laboureur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Isidore le Laboureur">Isidore le Laboureur</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Localisation</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Location_map_Madrid.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Localisation de Madrid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Location_map_Madrid.png/280px-Location_map_Madrid.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Location_map_Madrid.png/420px-Location_map_Madrid.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Location_map_Madrid.png/560px-Location_map_Madrid.png 2x" data-file-width="901" data-file-height="805"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <div class="img_toggle" style="text-align:center;"> <div class="geobox"> <div> <small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espagne">Espagne</a></small> </div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border:none; padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;;"> <span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Reliefkarte_Spanien.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte topographique d'Espagne"><img alt="Voir sur la carte topographique d'Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Reliefkarte_Spanien.png/280px-Reliefkarte_Spanien.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Reliefkarte_Spanien.png/420px-Reliefkarte_Spanien.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Reliefkarte_Spanien.png/560px-Reliefkarte_Spanien.png 2x" data-file-width="3915" data-file-height="3368"></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(40.893474226802% - 8px);left:calc(42.29025170068% - 8px);line-height:0;"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_11.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/16px-City_locator_11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/24px-City_locator_11.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/32px-City_locator_11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16"></a></span> </div> <div style="position:absolute;font-size:120%;bottom:calc(100% - 40.893474226802% + 0.5em);left:calc(42.29025170068% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"> <span class="toponyme">Madrid</span> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="geobox"> <div> <small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espagne">Espagne</a></small> </div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border:none; padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;;"> <span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte administrative d'Espagne"><img alt="Voir sur la carte administrative d'Espagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg/280px-Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg/420px-Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg/560px-Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="1355"></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(40.893474226802% - 8px);left:calc(42.29025170068% - 8px);line-height:0;"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_11.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/16px-City_locator_11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/24px-City_locator_11.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/32px-City_locator_11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16"></a></span> </div> <div style="position:absolute;font-size:120%;bottom:calc(100% - 40.893474226802% + 0.5em);left:calc(42.29025170068% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"> <span class="toponyme">Madrid</span> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="geobox"> <div> <small>Géolocalisation sur la carte : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Communauté de Madrid">communauté de Madrid</a></small> </div> <table class="DebutCarte" style="width:auto; margin:0; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border:none; padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;;"> <span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madrid-loc.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Voir sur la carte administrative de la communauté de Madrid"><img alt="Voir sur la carte administrative de la communauté de Madrid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Madrid-loc.svg/280px-Madrid-loc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Madrid-loc.svg/420px-Madrid-loc.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Madrid-loc.svg/560px-Madrid-loc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="553"></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:calc(55.598391011801% - 8px);left:calc(56.549154804923% - 8px);line-height:0;"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:City_locator_11.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/16px-City_locator_11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/24px-City_locator_11.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/City_locator_11.svg/32px-City_locator_11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16"></a></span> </div> <div style="position:absolute;font-size:120%;bottom:calc(100% - 55.598391011801% + 0.5em);left:calc(56.549154804923% + 0.5em);text-align:left;"> <span class="toponyme">Madrid</span> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#DDFFDD; color:#000000">Liens</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Site_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Site web">Site web</a></th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.madrid.es">www.madrid.es</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:left;"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #DDFFDD solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DMadrid%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Commune_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Elle compte une population d'environ 3,4 millions d'habitants <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intra-muros?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intra-muros">intra-muros</a></i> sur une superficie totale de 604,3 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre carré">km<sup>2</sup></abbr>, au sein d'une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aire_m%C3%A9tropolitaine_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aire métropolitaine de Madrid">aire urbaine</a> d'environ 6,5 millions d'habitants en 2014. En comptant sa population intra-muros, Madrid est la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_villes_de_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne_par_population?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des villes de l'Union européenne par population">deuxième ville de l'Union européenne</a>, après <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berlin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>.</p> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ville_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ville mondiale">Ville mondiale</a>, elle abrite le siège de nombreuses institutions, dont l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_mondiale_du_tourisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation mondiale du tourisme">Organisation mondiale du tourisme</a>, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_des_%C3%89tats_ib%C3%A9ro-am%C3%A9ricains?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation des États ibéro-américains">Organisation des États ibéro-américains</a>, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_royale_espagnole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Académie royale espagnole">Académie royale espagnole</a> et l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Institut_Cervantes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Institut Cervantes">Institut Cervantes</a>. Considérée comme l'une des principales <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_financi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place financière">places financières</a> de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europe_du_Sud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europe du Sud">Europe du Sud</a>, elle partage le statut de cœur économique de l'Espagne avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barcelone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barcelone">Barcelone</a>. Elle accueille le siège social des plus grandes entreprises du pays, comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Telef%C3%B3nica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Telefónica">Telefónica</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Repsol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Repsol">Repsol</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iberia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberia">Iberia</a>.</p> <p>Les bâtiments d'architecture récente côtoient des constructions de style <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C3%A9o-classicisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Néo-classicisme">néo-classique</a>, telles que la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porte_d%27Alcal%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porte d'Alcalá">porte d'Alcalá</a>, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_de_Cyb%C3%A8le?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place de Cybèle">place de Cybèle</a> ou la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_de_l%27Almudena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cathédrale de l'Almudena">cathédrale de l'Almudena</a>. Ville d'art, ses trois principaux musées, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Prado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée du Prado">musée du Prado</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_centre_d%27art_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée national centre d'art Reina Sofía">musée Reina Sofía</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Thyssen-Bornemisza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée Thyssen-Bornemisza">musée Thyssen-Bornemisza</a>, comptent parmi <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_mus%C3%A9es_d%27art_les_plus_visit%C3%A9s_au_monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des musées d'art les plus visités au monde">les plus visités au monde</a><sup id="cite_ref-ANP_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ANP-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En outre, Madrid abrite deux des plus grands clubs de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Football?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Football">football</a> au monde, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Real_Madrid_Club_de_F%C3%BAtbol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Real Madrid Club de Fútbol">Real Madrid</a> et l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Club_Atl%C3%A9tico_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Club Atlético de Madrid">Atlético de Madrid</a>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#G%C3%A9ographie"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Géographie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Situation"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Situation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Communes_limitrophes"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Communes limitrophes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Hydrographie"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Hydrographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Climat"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Climat</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#climatique"><span class="tocnumber">1.4.1</span> <span class="toctext">climatique</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Urbanisme"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Urbanisme</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Logements"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Logements</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Toponymie"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Toponymie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Histoire"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Histoire</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Moyen_%C3%82ge"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Moyen Âge</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#La_maison_de_Habsbourg"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">La maison de Habsbourg</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#La_maison_de_Bourbon"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">La maison de Bourbon</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#La_guerre_d'ind%C3%A9pendance"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">La guerre d'indépendance</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Restauration_des_Bourbons"><span class="tocnumber">5.5</span> <span class="toctext">Restauration des Bourbons</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#De_la_r%C3%A9volution_de_1868_%C3%A0_la_guerre_civile"><span class="tocnumber">5.6</span> <span class="toctext">De la révolution de 1868 à la guerre civile</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Guerre_civile"><span class="tocnumber">5.7</span> <span class="toctext">Guerre civile</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9gime_de_Franco"><span class="tocnumber">5.8</span> <span class="toctext">Régime de Franco</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Troisi%C3%A8me_restauration_des_Bourbons"><span class="tocnumber">5.9</span> <span class="toctext">Troisième restauration des Bourbons</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Politique_et_administration"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Politique et administration</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Statut_de_capitale"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Statut de capitale</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gouvernement_et_administration_municipale"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Gouvernement et administration municipale</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#politiques"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">politiques</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Maires_et_conseils_municipaux_depuis_1979"><span class="tocnumber">6.4</span> <span class="toctext">Maires et conseils municipaux depuis 1979</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Arrondissements_et_quartiers"><span class="tocnumber">6.5</span> <span class="toctext">Arrondissements et quartiers</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Population_et_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Population et société</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#D%C3%A9mographie"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Démographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Lieux_d'int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Lieux d'intérêt</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-29"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Alonso_Mart%C3%ADnez"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Alonso Martínez</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-30"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Atocha"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Atocha</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-31"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#AZCA_/_Nuevos_Ministerios"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">AZCA / Nuevos Ministerios</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-32"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Chueca"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Chueca</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-33"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Las_Cortes"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Las Cortes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-34"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gran_V%C3%ADa"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.6</span> <span class="toctext">Gran Vía</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-35"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Lavapi%C3%A9s"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.7</span> <span class="toctext">Lavapiés</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-36"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#La_Latina"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.8</span> <span class="toctext">La Latina</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-37"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Malasa%C3%B1a"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.9</span> <span class="toctext">Malasaña</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-38"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Salamanca"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.10</span> <span class="toctext">Salamanca</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-39"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Puerta_del_Sol"><span class="tocnumber">7.2.11</span> <span class="toctext">Puerta del Sol</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-40"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89tablissement_de_luxe"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Établissement de luxe</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-41"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Mus%C3%A9es"><span class="tocnumber">7.4</span> <span class="toctext">Musées</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-42"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Autres_mus%C3%A9es"><span class="tocnumber">7.5</span> <span class="toctext">Autres musées</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-43"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Palais"><span class="tocnumber">7.6</span> <span class="toctext">Palais</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-44"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89difices_religieux"><span class="tocnumber">7.7</span> <span class="toctext">Édifices religieux</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-45"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Parcs_et_jardins"><span class="tocnumber">7.8</span> <span class="toctext">Parcs et jardins</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-46"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Fontaines"><span class="tocnumber">7.9</span> <span class="toctext">Fontaines</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-47"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pavillons_et_monuments_comm%C3%A9moratifs"><span class="tocnumber">7.10</span> <span class="toctext">Pavillons et monuments commémoratifs</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-48"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Art%C3%A8res_et_places_c%C3%A9l%C3%A8bres"><span class="tocnumber">7.11</span> <span class="toctext">Artères et places célèbres</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-49"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tours_et_gratte-ciel"><span class="tocnumber">7.12</span> <span class="toctext">Tours et gratte-ciel</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-50"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cimeti%C3%A8res"><span class="tocnumber">7.13</span> <span class="toctext">Cimetières</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-51"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Autour_de_Madrid"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Autour de Madrid</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-52"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Personnalit%C3%A9s_li%C3%A9es_%C3%A0_Madrid"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Personnalités liées à Madrid</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-53"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89ducation"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Éducation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-54"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#F%C3%A9minisme"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Féminisme</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-55"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Syst%C3%A8me_de_sant%C3%A9"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Système de santé</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-56"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voies_de_communication_et_transports"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Voies de communication et transports</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-57"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#P%C3%A9riph%C3%A9rique_int%C3%A9rieur_M30"><span class="tocnumber">13.1</span> <span class="toctext">Périphérique intérieur M30</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-58"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Transports_urbains"><span class="tocnumber">13.2</span> <span class="toctext">Transports urbains</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-59"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Restrictions_d'acc%C3%A8s_pour_les_v%C3%A9hicules_polluants"><span class="tocnumber">13.3</span> <span class="toctext">Restrictions d'accès pour les véhicules polluants</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-60"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Transports_ferroviaires_interurbains"><span class="tocnumber">13.4</span> <span class="toctext">Transports ferroviaires interurbains</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-61"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Transports_a%C3%A9riens"><span class="tocnumber">13.5</span> <span class="toctext">Transports aériens</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-62"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89conomie"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Économie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-63"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89conomie_de_la_Renaissance_au_XXe_si%C3%A8cle"><span class="tocnumber">14.1</span> <span class="toctext">Économie de la Renaissance au <span>XX</span><sup>e</sup> siècle</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-64"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89conomie_de_1992_%C3%A0_2009"><span class="tocnumber">14.2</span> <span class="toctext">Économie de 1992 à 2009</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-65"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#D%C3%A9sindustrialisation_urbaine"><span class="tocnumber">14.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Désindustrialisation urbaine</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-66"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Centres_d'affaires"><span class="tocnumber">14.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Centres d'affaires</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-67"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tourisme_durable"><span class="tocnumber">14.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Tourisme durable</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-68"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Construction"><span class="tocnumber">14.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Construction</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-69"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vie_nocturne"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">Vie nocturne</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-70"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Achats"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">Achats</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-71"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cuisine_madril%C3%A8ne"><span class="tocnumber">17</span> <span class="toctext">Cuisine madrilène</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-72"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sports"><span class="tocnumber">18</span> <span class="toctext">Sports</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-73"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Culture_et_patrimoine"><span class="tocnumber">19</span> <span class="toctext">Culture et patrimoine</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-74"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Monuments"><span class="tocnumber">19.1</span> <span class="toctext">Monuments</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-75"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#P%C3%A9riode_musulmane"><span class="tocnumber">19.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Période musulmane</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-76"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#P%C3%A9riode_chr%C3%A9tienne_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9vale"><span class="tocnumber">19.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Période chrétienne médiévale</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-77"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Renaissance"><span class="tocnumber">19.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Renaissance</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-78"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#H%C3%A9raldique_et_banni%C3%A8re"><span class="tocnumber">19.2</span> <span class="toctext">Héraldique et bannière</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-79"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Relations_internationales"><span class="tocnumber">20</span> <span class="toctext">Relations internationales</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-80"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Jumelages"><span class="tocnumber">20.1</span> <span class="toctext">Jumelages</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-81"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Union_des_Villes_Capitales_Ib%C3%A9ro-am%C3%A9ricaines"><span class="tocnumber">20.2</span> <span class="toctext">Union des Villes Capitales Ibéro-américaines</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-82"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Autres_partenariats"><span class="tocnumber">20.3</span> <span class="toctext">Autres partenariats</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-83"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Partenariats_avec_des_organisations_internationales"><span class="tocnumber">20.4</span> <span class="toctext">Partenariats avec des organisations internationales</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-84"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#F%C3%AAtes_locales"><span class="tocnumber">21</span> <span class="toctext">Fêtes locales</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-85"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">22</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-86"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Annexes"><span class="tocnumber">23</span> <span class="toctext">Annexes</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-87"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliographie"><span class="tocnumber">23.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-88"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">23.2</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-89"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">23.3</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Géographie"><span id="G.C3.A9ographie"></span>Géographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Géographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="exposé" style="border:none; margin:1em 2em; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.4em; font-size:100%; text-align:justify; overflow:hidden;"> <div class="NavContent"> <div class="mw-kartographer-container thumb tnone center"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 300px;"> <a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme" style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="300" data-zoom="9" data-lat="40.416944444444" data-lon="-3.7033333333333" data-overlays="["_69ad32f462fd4dfb61fb3224341eebb53f6b3fdd"]" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Map/9/40.416944444444/-3.7033333333333/fr?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <noscript> <img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,40.416944444444,-3.7033333333333,300x300.png?lang=fr&domain=fr.wikipedia.org&title=Madrid&revid=220423438&groups=_69ad32f462fd4dfb61fb3224341eebb53f6b3fdd" width="300" height="300" decoding="async" alt="Carte"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 300px;" data-src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,40.416944444444,-3.7033333333333,300x300.png?lang=fr&domain=fr.wikipedia.org&title=Madrid&revid=220423438&groups=_69ad32f462fd4dfb61fb3224341eebb53f6b3fdd" data-alt="Carte" data-width="300" data-height="300" data-srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,40.416944444444,-3.7033333333333,300x300@2x.png?lang=fr&domain=fr.wikipedia.org&title=Madrid&revid=220423438&groups=_69ad32f462fd4dfb61fb3224341eebb53f6b3fdd 2x"> </span></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> Les limites communales de Madrid et celles de ses communes adjacentes. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Situation">Situation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Situation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg/220px-Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="12640" data-file-height="10000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 174px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg/220px-Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="174" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg/330px-Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg/440px-Hoja-especial-50-Madrid_y_su_entorno-2012.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Carte de Madrid et de ses environs (2012). </figcaption> </figure> <p>Très proche du centre géographique de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9ninsule_Ib%C3%A9rique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Péninsule Ibérique">péninsule Ibérique</a>, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colline_des_Anges?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colline des Anges">colline des Anges</a> (<i>Cerro de los Ángeles</i>), à environ 50 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au sud de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sierra_de_Guadarrama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sierra de Guadarrama">sierra de Guadarrama</a>, la ville s'étend sur le plateau de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meseta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meseta">Meseta</a> entre 600 et 700 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr> d'altitude. Située à 657 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr> d'altitude, Madrid est la deuxième plus haute capitale européenne, après <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andorre-la-Vieille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andorre-la-Vieille">Andorre-la-Vieille</a>, qui s'élève à 1 013 <abbr class="abbr" title="mètre">m</abbr>.</p> <p>Nichée au sud de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meseta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meseta">Meseta centrale</a>, la ville appartient au bassin hydrographique du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tage">Tage</a>.</p> <p>Madrid est située à 302 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> à l'ouest-nord-ouest de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valence_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valence (Espagne)">Valence</a>, à 323 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au sud-sud-ouest de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bilbao?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a>, à 361 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au sud-ouest de la frontière française (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roncevaux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roncevaux">Roncevaux</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Communaut%C3%A9_forale_de_Navarre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Communauté forale de Navarre">Communauté forale de Navarre</a> ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arn%C3%A9guy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arnéguy">Arnéguy</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pyrénées-Atlantiques">Pyrénées-Atlantiques</a>), à 390 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> au nord-nord-est de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9ville?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Séville">Séville</a> et à 504 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> à l'ouest de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barcelone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barcelone">Barcelone</a> (les kilométrages indiqués représentent des distances <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orthodromie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orthodromie">orthodromiques</a>, dites aussi « à vol d'oiseau »).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Communes_limitrophes">Communes limitrophes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Communes limitrophes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div style="overflow:auto;"> <table class="toccolours centre" style="width:85%; font-size:95%;text-align:center;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width:5%;" rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rose des vents"> <noscript> <img alt="Rose des vents" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/50px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 50px;height: 50px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/50px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png" data-alt="Rose des vents" data-width="50" data-height="50" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/75px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/100px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></td> <td style="width:30%;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hoyo_de_Manzanares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hoyo de Manzanares">Hoyo de Manzanares</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Torrelodones?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Torrelodones">Torrelodones</a></td> <td style="width:30%;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colmenar_Viejo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colmenar Viejo">Colmenar Viejo</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tres_Cantos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tres Cantos">Tres Cantos</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcobendas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcobendas">Alcobendas</a></td> <td style="width:30%;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colmenar_Viejo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colmenar Viejo">Colmenar Viejo</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_los_Reyes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Sebastián de los Reyes">San Sebastián de los Reyes</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcobendas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcobendas">Alcobendas</a></td> <td style="width:5%;" rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rose des vents"> <noscript> <img alt="Rose des vents" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/50px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 50px;height: 50px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/50px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png" data-alt="Rose des vents" data-width="50" data-height="50" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/75px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Brosen_windrose-fr.svg/100px-Brosen_windrose-fr.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Las_Rozas_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Las Rozas de Madrid">Las Rozas de Madrid</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majadahonda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Majadahonda">Majadahonda</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pozuelo_de_Alarc%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pozuelo de Alarcón">Pozuelo de Alarcón</a></td> <td style="width:30%;"><span style="border: 1px solid #AAA;padding:0 0.4em;color:#AAA"><i><b><abbr class="abbr" title="Nord">N</abbr></b></i></span></td> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paracuellos_de_Jarama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paracuellos de Jarama">Paracuellos de Jarama</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Fernando_de_Henares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Fernando de Henares">San Fernando de Henares</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coslada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coslada">Coslada</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="30%" class="nowrap"><span style="border: 1px solid #AAA;padding:0 0.4em;color:#AAA"><i><b><abbr class="abbr" title="Ouest">O</abbr></b></i></span>   <b> Madrid </b>   <span style="border: 1px solid #AAA;padding:0 0.4em;color:#AAA"><i><b><abbr class="abbr" title="Est">E</abbr></b></i></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:30%;"><span style="border: 1px solid #AAA;padding:0 0.4em;color:#AAA"><i><b><abbr class="abbr" title="Sud">S</abbr></b></i></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:30%;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcorc%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcorcón">Alcorcón</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Legan%C3%A9s_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leganés (Madrid)">Leganés</a></td> <td style="width:30%;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Getafe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Getafe">Getafe</a></td> <td style="width:30%;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rivas-Vaciamadrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rivas-Vaciamadrid">Rivas-Vaciamadrid</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hydrographie">Hydrographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Hydrographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le principal cours d'eau de Madrid est le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manzanares_(rivi%C3%A8re)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manzanares (rivière)">Manzanares</a>, qui traverse la ville du nord au sud en passant par le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mont_du_Pardo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mont du Pardo">mont du Pardo</a>, où il alimente le barrage du même nom. C'est là qu'il reçoit les eaux des ruisseaux Manina et Tejada. Une fois le mont dépassé, la rivière poursuit son cours par la cité universitaire, puis brièvement par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casa_de_Campo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Casa de Campo">Casa de Campo</a>, où le ruisseau Meaques se jette dans son lit.</p> <p>Le Manzanares baigne ensuite l'espace urbain, vers le pont du Roi, où il est rejoint par le ruisseau Leganitos et par une autre rue qui passe sous la rue de Ségovie. Puis c'est au tour du ruisseau de la Fuente Castellana de s'y fondre. Il sert ensuite de frontière entre plusieurs arrondissements de la capitale, laissant au sud-ouest la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latina_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latina (Madrid)">Latina</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carabanchel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carabanchel">Carabanchel</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usera">Usera</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Villaverde_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Villaverde (Madrid)">Villaverde</a> et, au nord-est, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centro_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro (Madrid)">Centro</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arganzuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arganzuela">Arganzuela</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puente_de_Vallecas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puente de Vallecas">Puente de Vallecas</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Villa_de_Vallecas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Villa de Vallecas">Villa de Vallecas</a>. À la limite entre Arganzuela et Puente de Vallecas, il reçoit les eaux de l'Abroñigal, dont le lit coïncide presque totalement avec le parcours de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autoroute_espagnole_M-30?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autoroute espagnole M-30">autoroute M-30</a>, et celles du Butarque, non loin de l'arrondissement de Villaverde.</p> <p>Lorsqu'il quitte la ville proprement dite, le Manzanares entre à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Getafe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Getafe">Getafe</a> par l'est, voyant ainsi le ruisseau Culebro le rejoindre. C'est à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rivas-Vaciamadrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rivas-Vaciamadrid">Rivas-Vaciamadrid</a> qu'il se jette dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jarama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jarama">Jarama</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Climat">Climat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Climat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:AZCA_(Madrid)_04.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/220px-AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/220px-AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/330px-AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/440px-AZCA_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Madrid sous la neige. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La ville de Madrid jouit d'un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat_m%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9en?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat méditerranéen">climat méditerranéen</a> à influence <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat_continental?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat continental">continentale</a> combiné avec un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Climat_semi-aride?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Climat semi-aride">climat semi-aride</a>. Madrid est classé dans « BSk » dans la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Classification_de_K%C3%B6ppen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Classification de Köppen">classification de Köppen</a>. La capitale est marquée par des hivers relativement modérés, avec des gels fréquents et de la neige occasionnelle. Durant cette période, les températures peuvent descendre jusqu'à <span title="24,8 °F ou 269,2 K">−4 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr>, tandis que les étés sont très chauds. Juillet et août affichent fréquemment des températures journalières supérieures à <span title="86 °F ou 303,2 K">30 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr>.</p> <p>La température moyenne à Madrid est de <span title="57,2 °F ou 287,2 K">14 </span><abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr>, avec un maximum de <span title="108,9 °F ou 315,9 K" style="cursor:help">42,7</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr>, enregistré à l'aéroport de Madrid le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-08-14" data-sort-value="2021-08-14">14 août 2021</time>.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-01-12" data-sort-value="2021-01-12">12 janvier 2021</time>, <span title="9,9 °F ou 260,9 K" style="cursor:help">−12,3</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="degré Celsius">°C</abbr> ont été relevés à l'aéroport de Madrid.</p> <p>Madrid reçoit peu de précipitations. Ces dernières s'établissent autour de 400 <abbr class="abbr" title="millimètre">mm</abbr> par an, atteignant leur minimum en été. La pluie ou la neige tombent en moyenne <span class="nowrap">49 jours</span> par an. S'il tombe 56 <abbr class="abbr" title="millimètre">mm</abbr> de pluie en novembre et décembre, le mois d'août est le plus sec avec 10 <abbr class="abbr" title="millimètre">mm</abbr>.</p> <p>Les températures sont relevées au niveau de trois stations de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agence_d%27%C3%89tat_de_la_m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agence d'État de la météorologie">Agence d'État de la météorologie</a> (AEMET), respectivement situées au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_du_Retiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parc du Retiro">parc du Retiro</a>, à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez_Madrid-Barajas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aéroport Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas">aéroport de Barajas</a> et à celui de Cuatro Vientos.</p> <table class="wikitable sortable centre" style="text-align:center; background: var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:var(--color-emphasized, #000);"> <caption> Relevé météorologique de Madrid Parc de Buen Retiro, 1981-2010 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Mois</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="janvier">jan.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="février">fév.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">mars</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">avril</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">mai</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">juin</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="juillet">jui.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">août</th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="septembre">sep.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="octobre">oct.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="novembre">nov.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="décembre">déc.</abbr></th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">année</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Température minimale moyenne (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Degr%C3%A9_Celsius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Degré Celsius">°C</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">2,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">6,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">7,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">11,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">16,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">15,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">6,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">3,6</td> <td><b>10,1</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Température moyenne (°C)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">6,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">7,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">11,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">12,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">16,7</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">22,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">25,6</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">25,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">20,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">15,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">9,9</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">6,9</td> <td><b>15</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Température maximale moyenne (°C)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">9,8</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">12</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">16,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">22,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">28,2</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">32,1</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">31,3</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">26,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,4</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">13,5</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">10,1</td> <td><b>19,9</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Record de froid (°C)<br><small>date du record</small></th> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−12,3<br><small>2021</small></td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−9,1<br><small>1956</small></td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−5,1<br><small>2005</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−1,6<br><small>1986</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">0,6<br><small>1951</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">4,4<br><small>1984</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">8,5<br><small>1932</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFC0">9,2<br><small>1938</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">4<br><small>1927</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−0,4<br><small>1936</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">−3,4<br><small>1923</small></td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">−9,2<br><small>1962</small></td> <td><b>−12,3</b><br><small><b>12/01/2021</b></small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Record de chaleur (°C)<br><small>date du record</small></th> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">19,9<br><small>2003</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">22<br><small>1960</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">26,7<br><small>2015</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">30,1<br><small>1945</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">35,5<br><small>2015</small></td> <td style="background-color:#E23800">40,7<br><small>2019</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">39,7<br><small>2017</small></td> <td style="background-color:#E23800">42,7<br><small>2021</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">38,9<br><small>2016</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">30<br><small>1930</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">22,7<br><small>2009</small></td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">18,6<br><small>1979</small></td> <td><b>42,7</b><br><small><b>14/08/2021</b></small></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Ensoleillement (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heure?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heure">h</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">149</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">158</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">211</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">230</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">268</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">315</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">355</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">332</td> <td style="background-color:#FF8000">259</td> <td style="background-color:#FFC040">199</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">144</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFF80">124</td> <td><b>2 744</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Précipitations (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Millim%C3%A8tre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Millimètre">mm</a>)</th> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">33</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">34</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">25</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">45</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">50</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">21</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">12</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">10</td> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF">22</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">60</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">58</td> <td style="background-color:#DCF0FF">51</td> <td><b>423</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Nombre de jours avec précipitations</th> <td>5,7</td> <td>5,2</td> <td>4,1</td> <td>6,7</td> <td>7,3</td> <td>3,4</td> <td>1,7</td> <td>1,7</td> <td>3,3</td> <td>6,9</td> <td>6,5</td> <td>6,8</td> <td><b>59,4</b></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div style="margin-top: -1em; text-align:center; font-size:85%"> Source : <i>edu-stat.info</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> </div> <table style="text-align:center; margin: 1em auto; border:solid 1px silver; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diagramme_climatique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diagramme climatique">Diagramme climatique</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><abbr title="janvier">J</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="février">F</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="mars">M</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="avril">A</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="mai">M</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="juin">J</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="juillet">J</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="août">A</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="septembre">S</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="octobre">O</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="novembre">N</abbr></td> <td><abbr title="décembre">D</abbr></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.66em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.54em;left:.4em;height:1.42em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.71em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>9,8</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.04em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>2,7</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>33</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.68em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.74em;left:.4em;height:1.66em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.15em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>12</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.24em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>3,7</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>34</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.5em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.24em;left:.4em;height:2.02em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.01em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>16,3</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.74em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>6,2</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>25</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.9em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.54em;left:.4em;height:2.1em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.39em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>18,2</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.04em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>7,7</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>45</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.26em;left:.4em;height:2.18em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:12.19em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>22,2</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.76em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>11,3</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>50</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.42em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.22em;left:.4em;height:2.42em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.39em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>28,2</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.72em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>16,1</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>21</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.24em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.8em;left:.4em;height:2.62em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:14.17em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>32,1</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.3em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>19</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>12</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.2em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.76em;left:.4em;height:2.5em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:14.01em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>31,3</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.26em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>18,8</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>10</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:0.44em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.08em;left:.4em;height:2.2em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:13.03em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>26,4</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.58em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>15,4</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>22</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.2em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.14em;left:.4em;height:1.74em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:11.63em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>19,4</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.64em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>10,7</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>60</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.16em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.26em;left:.4em;height:1.44em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:10.45em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>13,5</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.76em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>6,3</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>58</small> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="position:relative;margin:0;height:16.5em;width:1.6em;background:white;padding:0;color:black;line-height:1.5;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center"> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:0;height:6em;width:1.6em;overflow:hidden;border-top:1px dotted #AAA;border-bottom:1px dotted #AAA;background:none;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:2em;left:.4em;height:1.02em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:#6478FF;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:8.72em;left:.4em;height:1.3em;width:.8em;overflow:hidden;background:black;padding:0;color:transparent">   </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:9.77em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:red"> <small>10,1</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:7.22em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:blue"> <small>3,6</small> </div> <div style="position:absolute;margin:0;bottom:.5em;left:0;height:1.5em;width:1.6em;background:none;padding:0;color:#6478FF"> <small>51</small> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="12" style="text-align:left;">Moyennes : <abbr title="Températures">• Temp.</abbr> <span style="color:red">maxi</span> et <span style="color:blue">mini</span> <abbr title="Degrés Celsius">°C</abbr> <span style="color:#6478FF">• Précipitation</span> <abbr title="Millimètres">mm</abbr></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="climatique">climatique</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : climatique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Urbanisme">Urbanisme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Urbanisme" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_(1656)_plano_de_Madrid.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png/220px-Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3823" data-file-height="2427"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 140px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png/220px-Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png" data-width="220" data-height="140" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png/330px-Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png/440px-Pedro_Teixeira_Albernaz_%281656%29_plano_de_Madrid.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Plan de Madrid par Pedro Teixeira (1656). </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg/220px-Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1560" data-file-height="837"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 118px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg/220px-Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="118" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg/330px-Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg/440px-Madrid_-_Plano_de_1762.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Plan de Madrid (1762). </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le centre historique de Madrid correspond à l'ancienne <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9dina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Médina">médina</a>, construite sur un emplacement stratégique. À cette époque, elle permet en effet de dominer la vallée du Manzanares, traversable à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gu%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gué">gué</a> à cet endroit. L'extension de la ville originelle est limitée par la rivière ainsi que par un fossé aujourd'hui occupé par la rue de Ségovie. Au nord s'élève la forteresse musulmane (<i>alcazaba</i>) et au sud s'étendent les quartiers <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mozarabe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mozarabe">mozarabe</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Juif">juif</a>.</p> <p>Lorsque <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_II_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe II d'Espagne">Philippe II</a> hisse Madrid au rang de capitale, elle n'est pas apte à recevoir la Cour et l'ensemble des administrations afférentes. Conjointement avec les autorités locales, la Couronne établit un règlement intitulé <i>Carga de Aposento</i> qui stipule que tout propriétaire d'un bâtiment de plus d'un étage doit céder l'un de ses niveaux pour le logement des fonctionnaires et du personnel de la Cour. Mécontents de cette décision, de nombreux Madrilènes réagissent en faisant construire les fameuses <i>casas a la malicia</i>. Il s'agit de demeures ne comportant qu'un seul véritable étage, de sorte que leur propriétaire n'a pas à obtempérer audit règlement. Cette façon de contourner la loi a pour conséquence un rapide <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89talement_urbain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Étalement urbain">étalement urbain</a> qui se réalise en une quarantaine d'années. Ce phénomène, par la suite conjugué à une nouvelle croissance en hauteur des bâtiments, configure l'essentiel de la morphologie de Madrid jusqu'au <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle.</p> <p>L'inévitable développement urbain se voit limité par le cours du Manzanares et Madrid doit par conséquent s'étendre vers l'est. À partir du règne de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_III_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles III d'Espagne">Charles III</a>, les artères qui débouchent sur l'actuel Prado deviennent des espaces de divertissement et de villégiature de l'aristocratie. C'est d'ailleurs à cette époque que la Couronne conçoit le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paseo_del_Prado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Paseo del Prado">paseo del Prado</a>, premier tronçon d'un axe nord-sud qui s'étend aujourd'hui jusqu'au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paseo_de_la_Castellana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paseo de la Castellana">paseo de la Castellana</a>.</p> <p>La croissance galopante du <abbr class="abbr" title="16ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle ne laisse pas le loisir d'aménager des places publiques et c'est pourquoi le règne de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a> est caractérisé par l'ouverture de semblables espaces. Cette intense activité urbanistique lui vaut le surnom de <i>Pepe Plazuelas</i> (littéralement « Jojo placettes »).</p> <p>Pendant plusieurs siècles, la ville connaît peu de nouvelles extensions et il faut attendre l'œuvre du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Salamanca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José de Salamanca">marquis de Salamanca</a>, au <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, pour que la capitale fasse l'objet d'un vaste programme de construction. Après avoir abattu la muraille de Philippe IV, l'architecte Carlos María de Castro fait réaliser de nouveaux quartiers au nord de la ville, vers l'actuel <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ceinture_p%C3%A9riph%C3%A9rique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ceinture périphérique">périphérique</a> M-20. Au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, l'urbaniste <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arturo_Soria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arturo Soria">Arturo Soria</a> fait bâtir sa célèbre <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_lin%C3%A9aire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cité linéaire">Cité linéaire</a>. Cette époque est également propice au percement de grandes avenues, dont l'exemple le plus célèbre est la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gran_V%C3%ADa_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gran Vía (Madrid)">Gran Vía</a>.</p> <p>Le périphérique <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autoroute_espagnole_M-30?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autoroute espagnole M-30">M-30</a> définit le centre de la capitale, surnommé « amande centrale » (<i>almendra central</i>). Au-delà, Madrid comprend pour l'essentiel d'anciennes communes annexées après la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre d'Espagne">guerre civile</a>. Il s'agit également de quartiers nouveaux édifiés sur d'anciens terrains agricoles ou en remplacement de bidonvilles.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Logements">Logements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Logements" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Madrid abrite le plus grand <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bidonville?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bidonville">bidonville</a> d’Europe occidentale : Cañada Real Galiana, où vivent 40 000 personnes dans des conditions insalubres<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La ville compte plus de 150 000 logements vacants, soit environ 10 % du nombre total de logements<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L'Espagne est l'un des pays d'Europe où les familles doivent consacrer le plus d’argent au paiement de leur logement. Les loyers sont particulièrement élevés dans la région de Madrid, où une personne payée au salaire minimal consacre ainsi en moyenne 65 % de ses revenus pour se loger<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Toponymie">Toponymie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Toponymie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>La plus ancienne attestation de nom de la ville remonte à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/932?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="932">932</a> dans un document latin, <i>Ad civitatem quae dicitur Magerit</i> « vers la ville qu'on appelle Magerit ».</p> <p>Selon l'orientaliste Jaime Oliver Asín, le terme de <i>Magerit</i> était également connu en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vieil_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vieil espagnol">castillan ancien</a>.</p> <p>Ce vocable, qui se prononce <i>Maŷriţ</i> ou <i>Maǧrīţ</i> pourrait se rapprocher Maghreb (arabe : المغرب (al-Mağrib), « le Couchant, l'Occident, l'Ouest », ou de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arabe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arabe">arabe</a> <i>Maǧra</i> (مَجْرَى), qui pourrait désigner selon, un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ruisseau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ruisseau">ruisseau</a>, un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canal_(voie_d%27eau)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canal (voie d'eau)">canal</a> ou encore peut-être un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aqueduc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aqueduc">aqueduc</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Un des deux pluriels de ce nom est <i>Maǧriat</i> (مجريات), terme qui fait référence à un cours d'eau avec des ruisseaux. Au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIIe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a>, le toponyme évolue vers <i>Madrit</i> puis vers <i>Madrid</i>, dénomination attestée au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIVe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIVe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>D'autres étymologies existent, ainsi celle qui rapproche ce nom du terme <i>madroño</i>, qui désigne l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arbousier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arbousier">arbousier</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espagnol">espagnol</a>. Cet arbre, présent sur les armoiries de la ville, était vraisemblablement le seul qui poussait dans la région à l'époque où le roi <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphonse_VI_de_Le%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphonse VI de León">Alphonse VI</a> s'en empara, au milieu du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="11ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de Madrid">Histoire de Madrid</a>. </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Moyen_Âge"><span id="Moyen_.C3.82ge"></span>Moyen Âge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Moyen Âge" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg/220px-Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg/220px-Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg/330px-Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg/440px-Muralla_%C3%A1rabe_de_Madrid_04.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muraille_musulmane_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muraille musulmane de Madrid">Muraille musulmane de Madrid</a>, vestige de la forteresse musulmane et de l'enceinte du noyau urbain primitif. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Fondée par l'émir arabe <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muhammad_Ier_(Omeyyade)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muhammad Ier (Omeyyade)">Muhammad <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a> vers la fin du <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, fait construire <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muraille_musulmane_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muraille musulmane de Madrid">une forteresse</a> pour protéger <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tol%C3%A8de?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tolède">Tolède</a>, l'antique capitale <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wisigoths?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wisigoths">wisigothe</a> autour de laquelle se développe la ville. En 1047, le roi <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_Ier_de_Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand Ier de Castille">Ferdinand <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> de Castille</a> entre dans Madrid, mais jugeant le lieu peu intéressant, il l'échange contre un tribut au roi de Tolède.</p> <p>Madrid appartient définitivement au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Royaume_de_Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Royaume de Castille">royaume de Castille</a> quand <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphonse_VI_de_Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphonse VI de Castille">Alphonse VI</a> prend la ville de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tol%C3%A8de?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tolède">Tolède</a> en 1085. Mais en 1109, la ville est détruite par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Almoravides?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Almoravides">Almoravides</a> qui ne sont expulsés définitivement de la région qu'en 1132, après la victoire d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphonse_VII_de_Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphonse VII de Castille">Alphonse VII</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Villarrubia_de_los_Ojos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Villarrubia de los Ojos">Villarrubia de los Ojos</a>. Madrid étend progressivement sa domination sur d'autres villes comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9govie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ségovie">Ségovie</a>.</p> <p>Au cours des siècles suivants, le développement de la ville se poursuit, avec notamment la construction d'édifices religieux.</p> <p>Les <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cortes_(Ancien_r%C3%A9gime)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cortes (Ancien régime)">Cortes</a></i> de Castille se tiennent pour la première fois à Madrid en 1309 sous le règne de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_IV_de_Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand IV de Castille">Ferdinand IV</a>. Elles ont de nouveau lieu en 1329, 1339, 1391, 1393, 1419 et deux fois en 1435. Après l'unification des royaumes d'Espagne sous une couronne commune, les <i>Cortes</i> sont convoquées à Madrid avec une plus grande fréquence.</p> <p>Au <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, sous les règnes de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_II_de_Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean II de Castille">Jean II</a> et d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Isabelle_la_Catholique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Isabelle la Catholique">Isabelle la Catholique</a>, de nouvelles règles d'urbanisme sont édictées et obligent, entre autres, Madrid à se doter de rues pavées.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="La_maison_de_Habsbourg">La maison de Habsbourg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : La maison de Habsbourg" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg/220px-Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1577" data-file-height="872"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 122px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg/220px-Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="122" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg/330px-Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg/440px-Corte-plaza_mayor.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Fête à la Plaza Mayor</i>, par Juan de la Corte (<abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle). </figcaption> </figure> <p>Lors de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_des_Communaut%C3%A9s_de_Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre des Communautés de Castille">guerre des Communautés de Castille</a>, menée par Juan de Zapata, Madrid rejoint le soulèvement contre <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Quint?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Quint">Charles Quint</a> et les révoltés prennent la forteresse de la ville le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1520-09-10" data-sort-value="1520-09-10">31 août 1520</time>. Cependant, après la défaite des <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comunero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comunero">comuneros</a></i> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bataille_de_Villalar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bataille de Villalar">Villalar</a>, la ville est assiégée et occupée par les troupes royales à la mi-<time class="nowrap" datetime="1521-05" data-sort-value="1521-05">mai 1521</time>.</p> <p>En 1525, le roi de France <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Ier_de_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="François Ier de France">François <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a> est fait prisonnier lors de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bataille_de_Pavie_(1525)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bataille de Pavie (1525)">bataille de Pavie</a> par l'armée de Charles Quint. Il est emprisonné à Madrid durant un an dans la tour des Lujanes. Un traité de paix est signé entre les deux puissances et François <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr> peut rentrer en France, laissant à Madrid ses deux fils comme garantie jusqu'à l'accomplissement des clauses dudit traité.</p> <p>En 1547, le prince héritier <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_II_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe II d'Espagne">Philippe</a> crée la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puerta del Sol (Madrid)">Puerta del Sol</a> et dix ans plus tard, la princesse <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Autriche_(1535-1573)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeanne d'Autriche (1535-1573)">Jeanne</a>, sa sœur, fonde le couvent de religieuses franciscaines des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monast%C3%A8re_des_D%C3%A9chauss%C3%A9es_royales?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monastère des Déchaussées royales">Déchaussées royales</a>.</p> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="1561-06" data-sort-value="1561-06">juin 1561</time>, alors que la ville compte déjà 30 000 habitants, Philippe II transporte la cour de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tol%C3%A8de?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tolède">Tolède</a> à Madrid, l'installant dans l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcazar_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcazar royal de Madrid">antique alcazar</a>. Il fait ainsi de la ville la capitale du royaume d'Espagne<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Madrid perd provisoirement son titre de siège du pouvoir royal quand <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_III_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe III d'Espagne">Philippe III</a> décide le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1601-01-11" data-sort-value="1601-01-11">11 janvier 1601</time> d'installer la cour à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valladolid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a>. Cependant, face au mécontentement populaire, la ville retrouve son statut de capitale de l'Espagne le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1606-03-04" data-sort-value="1606-03-04">4 mars 1606</time><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le <abbr class="abbr" title="17ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle est marqué par de grands travaux d'aménagement comme la création de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_Mayor_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaza Mayor de Madrid">Plaza Mayor</a> et du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_du_Buen_Retiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais du Buen Retiro">palais du Buen Retiro</a>.</p> <p>Avec l'installation définitive de la Cour à Madrid, sa population commence à augmenter de manière significative. En 1625, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_IV_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe IV d'Espagne">Philippe IV</a> fait abattre les murailles de la ville, déjà dépassées par l'urbanisation, et fait édifier une nouvelle enceinte exclusivement pour des raisons fiscales. Les fonctions du gouvernement sont centralisées dans l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcazar_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcazar royal de Madrid">Alcázar royal</a>, un ensemble de bâtiments situés sur le terrain occupé plus tard par le palais royal et la place d'Orient.</p> <p>Dans le même temps, le palais du Buen Retiro fait l'objet d'une extension connue sous le nom de <i>Casón del Buen Retiro</i>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="La_maison_de_Bourbon">La maison de Bourbon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : La maison de Bourbon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:La_pradera_de_San_Isidro,_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg/220px-La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="99" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="1836"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 99px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg/220px-La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="99" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg/330px-La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg/440px-La_pradera_de_San_Isidro%2C_Francisco_de_Goya.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Vue de Madrid</i>, par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francisco_Goya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Goya">Francisco Goya</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1788?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1788">1788</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Prado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée du Prado">musée du Prado</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>En 1700, Madrid voit arriver <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_V_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe V d'Espagne">Philippe V</a>, le premier roi de la dynastie des Bourbons,</p> <p>Le changement de dynastie donne une nouvelle impulsion à la capitale. Au goût des Bourbons, celle-ci est sombre, parcourue de rues étroites et encombrées, sans système d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89gout?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Égout">égout</a>. Il s'agit pour eux d'élever la ville au rang d'autres capitales européennes.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1734-12-24" data-sort-value="1734-12-24">24 décembre 1734</time>, un incendie détruit l'Alcázar, symbole de la dynastie des Habsbourg en Espagne (événement malheureux à l'origine de la disparition d'un tiers de la collection royale de peintures). Philippe V décide de la construction d'un nouveau palais royal dont la première pierre est posée dès le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1738-04-07" data-sort-value="1738-04-07">7 avril 1738</time>.</p> <p>En outre, le monarque soutient l'édification de diverses infrastructures (ponts, hôpitaux, parcs, fontaines, bâtiments à usage scientifique) et promeut des ordonnances relatives à l'assainissement.</p> <p>La <i>Casa de Correos</i> (« maison de la Poste »), actuel siège du gouvernement de la communauté autonome de Madrid, est édifiée à partir de 1766 sous l'impulsion de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_III_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles III d'Espagne">Charles III</a>. Le parc du Buen Retiro est ouvert au public l'année suivante.</p> <p>L'aménagement du quartier du Prado dans le dernier tiers du <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle laisse un héritage architectural remarquable, notamment composé des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fontaine_(bassin)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fontaine (bassin)">fontaines</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fontaine_de_Neptune_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fontaine de Neptune (Madrid)">Neptune</a>, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fontaine_de_Cyb%C3%A8le?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fontaine de Cybèle">Cybèle</a> et d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Apollon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apollon">Apollon</a>, du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jardin_botanique_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jardin botanique royal de Madrid">Jardin botanique royal</a> et de l'Observatoire royal. Le cours des Récollets bénéficie également de ces travaux.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="La_guerre_d'indépendance"><span id="La_guerre_d.27ind.C3.A9pendance"></span>La guerre d'indépendance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : La guerre d'indépendance" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1808-05-02" data-sort-value="1808-05-02">2 mai 1808</time>, le peuple de Madrid se <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soul%C3%A8vement_du_Dos_de_Mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Soulèvement du Dos de Mayo">soulève</a> contre les troupes françaises stationnées sur place, ce qui marque le début de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_d%27ind%C3%A9pendance_espagnole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre d'indépendance espagnole">campagne d'Espagne</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Ier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Napoléon Ier">Napoléon <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a>, qui installe son frère <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph</a> sur le trône espagnol. Ladite révolte est immortalisée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francisco_Goya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Goya">Francisco de Goya</a> dans un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dos_de_mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dos de mayo">célèbre tableau</a>, tout comme l'est la répression effectuée par les Français le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tres_de_Mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tres de Mayo">3 mai</a>.</p> <p>Le roi Joseph lance des projets visant à réaménager et aérer le centre de la ville. Il projette en effet plusieurs places majeures comme celle d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_de_l%27Orient?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place de l'Orient">Orient</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_Sainte-Anne_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place Sainte-Anne (Madrid)">Sainte-Anne</a>. Il fait également transférer les cimetières à l'extérieur de la ville<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En 1812, il doit cependant fuir Madrid après la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bataille_de_Majadahonda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bataille de Majadahonda">bataille de Majadahonda</a> et les troupes françaises sont expulsées d'Espagne un an plus tard. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1814-05-13" data-sort-value="1814-05-13">13 mai 1814</time>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII d'Espagne">Ferdinand VII</a> fait une entrée triomphale dans les rues de Madrid.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Restauration_des_Bourbons">Restauration des Bourbons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Restauration des Bourbons" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_(cropped).JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3995" data-file-height="2709"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 149px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="149" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-Episodio_de_la_revoluci%C3%B3n_de_1854_en_la_Puerta_del_Sol_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Épisode de la révolution de 1854 dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puerta del Sol (Madrid)">Puerta del Sol</a>, par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eugenio_Lucas_Vel%C3%A1zquez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eugenio Lucas Velázquez">Eugenio Lucas Velázquez</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Les processus successifs de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9samortissement_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Désamortissement espagnol">désamortissement</a> modifient radicalement le système de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Propriété">propriété</a> immobilière. Ils favorisent également la concentration des collections artistiques en un seul lieu (musée de la Trinité, futur musée du Prado, ouvert en 1819) ainsi que le rapprochement de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_(1499-1836)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université d'Alcalá de Henares (1499-1836)">université d'Alcalá de Henares</a>, qui devient par la suite l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_complutense_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université complutense de Madrid">Université complutense</a>.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1822-07-07" data-sort-value="1822-07-07">7 juillet 1822</time>, un soulèvement de la Garde royale est étouffé après des affrontements au Prado et sur la Plaza Mayor. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1823-11-07" data-sort-value="1823-11-07">7 novembre 1823</time>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rafael_del_Riego?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rafael del Riego">général Riego</a> est pendu, puis décapité<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>En 1831, la ville ouvre une des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_des_bourses_de_valeurs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9volution_fran%C3%A7aise_et_Empire_:_premi%C3%A8res_r%C3%A9glementations" title="Histoire des bourses de valeurs">premières bourses de valeurs d'Europe</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, cinq ans après l'inauguration du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_Brongniart?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais Brongniart">palais Brongniart</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paris">Paris</a>. Cette période correspond en effet à un accroissement démographique et économique qui fait disparaître la ville pré-industrielle.</p> <p>Le règne d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Isabelle_II_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabelle II d'Espagne">Isabelle II</a> est marqué par l'entrée de la ville dans l'ère technologique moderne, avec notamment l'ouverture des premières lignes de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transport_ferroviaire_en_Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transport ferroviaire en Espagne">chemin de fer en Espagne</a>, qui s'organisent peu à peu en étoile autour de la capitale. Cette dernière se dote logiquement de gares permettant d'accueillir les voyageurs — <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Atocha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Atocha">Atocha</a>, Delicias et du Nord (aujourd'hui Príncipe Pío). Le premier trajet ferroviaire depuis Madrid ouvre le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1851-02-09" data-sort-value="1851-02-09">9 février 1851</time> et mène jusqu'à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aranjuez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aranjuez">Aranjuez</a>. Les travaux du canal Isabelle-II, vaste réseau d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adduction_d%27eau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adduction d'eau">adduction</a> et d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89puration_des_eaux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Épuration des eaux">épuration des eaux</a>, commencent la même année.</p> <p>Un semblable mouvement de modernisation peut également être observé dans le domaine artistique avec l'inauguration du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Théâtre royal de Madrid">Théâtre royal</a> le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1850-11-19" data-sort-value="1850-11-19">19 novembre 1850</time>. En matière littéraire, les bouleversements de l'époque stimulent la créativité d'auteurs comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_de_Mesonero_Romanos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ramón de Mesonero Romanos">Ramón de Mesonero Romanos</a>. Ce dernier est célèbre pour ses tableaux de genre de la vie à Madrid typiques du <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Costumbrismo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Costumbrismo">costumbrismo</a></i>. Par ailleurs, un travail de conservation du patrimoine littéraire est engagé avec la création de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque nationale d'Espagne">Bibliothèque nationale</a> en 1866.</p> <p>En 1868, la muraille de Philippe IV est complètement abattue, ce qui permet aux plans d'urbanisme modernes de voir le jour. C'est notamment le cas du projet de Carlos María de Castro dès 1860 et surtout de celui de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Salamanca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José de Salamanca">José de Salamanca</a>. De telles planifications s'inscrivent de façon générale dans le mouvement des <i>ensanches</i>, ces extensions urbaines rationnelles et ordonnées, à l'image de l'<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eixample?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eixample">Eixample</a></i> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barcelone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barcelone">Barcelone</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="De_la_révolution_de_1868_à_la_guerre_civile"><span id="De_la_r.C3.A9volution_de_1868_.C3.A0_la_guerre_civile"></span>De la révolution de 1868 à la guerre civile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : De la révolution de 1868 à la guerre civile" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Après la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_de_1868?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Révolution de 1868">révolution de 1868</a>, la volonté de modernisation des autorités ne faiblit pas, comme en témoignent la création de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Caja_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Caja Madrid">Caisse d'épargne et Mont de piété</a> en 1870, ou encore l'apparition l'année suivante des premiers <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tramway_hippomobile?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tramway hippomobile">tramways hippomobiles</a> qui sont électrifiés en 1898.</p> <p>Les grands travaux se poursuivent. L'édification de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_de_l%27Almudena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cathédrale de l'Almudena">cathédrale de l'Almudena</a> commence le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1883-04-04" data-sort-value="1883-04-04">4 avril 1883</time>. De son côté, l'architecte <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carlos_Velasco_Peinado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carlos Velasco Peinado">Carlos Velasco Peinado</a> présente son projet de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gran_Via_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gran Via (Madrid)">Gran Via</a> qui reproduit, avec son quartier des affaires, le goût <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autriche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autriche">autrichien</a> pour l'architecture grandiose. Comme toutes les grandes capitales européennes, Madrid se dote d'un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro de Madrid">métro</a> dont la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ligne_1_du_m%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ligne 1 du métro de Madrid">première ligne</a> ouvre en 1919.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:1919-01-26,_Blanco_y_Negro,_Visita_de_las_autoridades,_Alba.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg/220px-1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="829"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 182px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg/220px-1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="182" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg/330px-1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg/440px-1919-01-26%2C_Blanco_y_Negro%2C_Visita_de_las_autoridades%2C_Alba.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Les autorités visitant les travaux du métro de Madrid (janvier 1919). </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le tournant entre le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIXe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIXe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr></a> et le <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle se caractérise à Madrid par contestation des autorités en place qui va jusqu'à l'organisation d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attentat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Attentat">attentats</a>. Ainsi le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1906-05-31" data-sort-value="1906-05-31">31 mai 1906</time> le couple royal (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphonse_XIII_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphonse XIII d'Espagne">Alphonse XIII</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Victoire_Eug%C3%A9nie_de_Battenberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoire Eugénie de Battenberg">Victoire Eugénie</a>) sort-il indemne d'une attaque dans la Calle Mayor. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1912-11-12" data-sort-value="1912-11-12">12 novembre 1912</time>, c'est au tour du président du Conseil, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Canalejas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Canalejas">José Canalejas</a>, d'être assassiné sur la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puerta del Sol (Madrid)">Puerta del Sol</a> par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anarchiste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchiste">anarchiste</a> Manuel Pardiñas. Enfin, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1921-03-08" data-sort-value="1921-03-08">8 mars 1921</time>, l'un de ses successeurs, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eduardo_Dato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eduardo Dato">Eduardo Dato</a>, est tué <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_de_l%27Ind%C3%A9pendance_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place de l'Indépendance (Madrid)">place de l'Indépendance</a>.</p> <p>Cela n'empêche pas la pensée scientifique de se développer dans la ville et de rayonner à l'international. À titre d'exemple, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1923-03-02" data-sort-value="1923-03-02">2 mars 1923</time>, Madrid reçoit la visite d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Einstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, qui participe à plusieurs conférences à l'université, à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ath%C3%A9n%C3%A9e_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Athénée de Madrid">Athénée</a> et à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_royale_espagnole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Académie royale espagnole">Académie royale</a>. À cette occasion, il est reçu par la famille royale<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>La fin des années 1920 et le début des années 1930 voient de plus l'inauguration de lieux emblématiques de la capitale tels que les arènes de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Las_Ventas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Las Ventas">Las Ventas</a> et l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez_Madrid-Barajas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aéroport Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas">aéroport de Barajas</a>.</p> <p>Toutefois, l'époque est surtout restée dans les livres d'histoire par la proclamation de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seconde_R%C3%A9publique_espagnole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Seconde République espagnole">Seconde République espagnole</a> à Madrid le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1931-04-14" data-sort-value="1931-04-14">14 avril 1931</time>. Cet événement fait suite à la victoire des républicains aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_municipales_espagnoles_de_1931?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections municipales espagnoles de 1931">élections municipales</a> deux jours plus tôt.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Guerre_civile">Guerre civile</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Guerre civile" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Restosguerra.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Banderole légère indiquant des restes de la guerre civile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Restosguerra.jpg/220px-Restosguerra.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="99" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="1800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 99px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Restosguerra.jpg/220px-Restosguerra.jpg" data-alt="Banderole légère indiquant des restes de la guerre civile" data-width="220" data-height="99" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Restosguerra.jpg/330px-Restosguerra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Restosguerra.jpg/440px-Restosguerra.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Signalement de restes de la Guerre civile dans les hauteurs de la Casa de Campo, en 2021 </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le début de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre d'Espagne">guerre civile</a> qui entraîne le renversement de la République ne permet pas aux nationalistes, dont les premiers mouvements sont écrasés par les forces armées loyalistes, de conquérir Madrid. Les autorités locales décident alors de réprimer les opposants au régime républicain par le biais d'exécutions sommaires de prisonniers qui suivent les <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sacas_de_presos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sacas de presos">sacas de presos</a></i>. Elles tentent d'obtenir des informations sur le camp <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franquisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Franquisme">franquiste</a> en ayant recours aux arrestations et à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Torture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Torture">torture</a>, notamment dans le cadre de <i>checas</i> (lieux illégaux d'interrogatoire). Une des plus célèbres d'entre elles se trouve dans les sous-sol du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%ADrculo_de_Bellas_Artes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Círculo de Bellas Artes">Cercle des Beaux-Arts</a>.</p> <p>De fait, dans la capitale, des tensions précèdent déjà le déclenchement du conflit. Ainsi le lieutenant de la <i>Guardia de Asalto</i> (corps de police républicain) José Castillo est-il assassiné le <time class="nowrap" datetime="07-12" data-sort-value="07-12">12 juillet</time>, puis, quelques heures plus tard, le député monarchiste <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Calvo_Sotelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Calvo Sotelo">José Calvo Sotelo</a>. De même, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="07-17" data-sort-value="07-17">17 juillet</time>, des manifestants exigent la distribution d'armes devant les rumeurs de renversement de la République.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="08-27" data-sort-value="08-27">27 août</time>, Madrid est bombardée par les troupes rebelles. Pour faire face aux combats, la première junte de défense de la ville est créée le <time class="nowrap" datetime="10-08" data-sort-value="10-08">8 octobre</time>, puis le gouvernement décide de quitter Madrid le <time class="nowrap" datetime="11-06" data-sort-value="11-06">6 novembre</time> pour établir la capitale de la République à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valence_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valence (Espagne)">Valence</a>. Le lendemain commence la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bataille_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bataille de Madrid">bataille de Madrid</a>.</p> <p>En tant que bastion républicain, la capitale se défend contre les attaques rebelles pendant plus de deux ans, ce qui pousse les troupes franquistes à la contourner. Toutefois, après la chute du gouvernement, qui s'est réfugié en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catalogne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Catalogne">Catalogne</a> en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1937-10" data-sort-value="1937-10">octobre 1937</time>, Madrid dépose les armes au début de 1939. La chute de la ville marque la victoire finale des nationalistes.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Régime_de_Franco"><span id="R.C3.A9gime_de_Franco"></span>Régime de Franco</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Régime de Franco" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espagne_franquiste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espagne franquiste">Espagne franquiste</a>. </div> </div> <p>De <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1948?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1948">1948</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1954?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1954">1954</a>, la commune de Madrid va intégrer dans ses limites les communes de Fuencarral, Aravaca, El Pardo, Chamartín de la Rosa, Hortaleza, Canillas, Canillejas, Barajas, Vicálvaro, Vallecas, Villaverde, Carabanchel Bajo et Carabanchel Alto.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1972-06-23" data-sort-value="1972-06-23">23 juin 1972</time>, le zoo de Madrid est inauguré à la Casa de Campo.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1973-12-20" data-sort-value="1973-12-20">20 décembre 1973</time>, l'organisation séparatiste basque <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Euskadi_ta_Askatasuna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Euskadi ta Askatasuna">ETA</a> assassine le président du Gouvernement, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luis_Carrero_Blanco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luis Carrero Blanco">Luis Carrero Blanco</a>, dans la rue Claudio Coello.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Troisième_restauration_des_Bourbons"><span id="Troisi.C3.A8me_restauration_des_Bourbons"></span>Troisième restauration des Bourbons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Troisième restauration des Bourbons" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg/250px-Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3880" data-file-height="2580"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 166px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg/250px-Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="166" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg/375px-Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg/500px-Madrid_-_Puerta_de_Atocha_-_Monumento_11-M_-_20070324a.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Monument édifié face à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Atocha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Atocha">gare d'Atocha</a> en mémoire des victimes des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attentats_du_11_mars_2004_%C3%A0_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Attentats du 11 mars 2004 à Madrid">attentats du 11 mars 2004</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Deux ans plus tard, Francisco Franco meurt le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1975-11-20" data-sort-value="1975-11-20">20 novembre 1975</time> des suites d'une grave maladie. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Ier_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Carlos Ier d'Espagne">Juan Carlos</a> est proclamé roi d'Espagne, et le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-12-27" data-sort-value="1978-12-27">27 décembre 1978</time> il signe la nouvelle Constitution faisant de l'Espagne une monarchie constitutionnelle. La Constitution entre en application deux jours plus tard.</p> <p>En 1981, le colonel <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antonio_Tejero_Molina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Tejero Molina">Antonio Tejero Molina</a> prend d'assaut le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Congr%C3%A8s_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Congrès des députés">Congrès des députés</a>, mais le roi, soutenu par la population espagnole, s'oppose fermement au coup d'État.</p> <p>En 1992, Madrid porte le titre de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capitale_europ%C3%A9enne_de_la_culture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Capitale européenne de la culture">capitale européenne de la culture</a>.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-03-11" data-sort-value="2004-03-11">11 mars 2004</time>, la ville est frappée par des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attentats_du_11_mars_2004_%C3%A0_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Attentats du 11 mars 2004 à Madrid">attentats islamistes</a> qui causent la mort de <span class="nowrap">191 personnes</span>.</p> <p>Depuis la fin du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XXe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XXe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a>, Madrid s'est affirmée comme l'une des grandes capitales européennes tant sur le plan économique que culturel, avec un très grand dynamisme et une forte croissance.</p> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Politique_et_administration">Politique et administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Politique et administration" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Statut_de_capitale">Statut de capitale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Statut de capitale" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Bien qu'elle soit la résidence de la cour depuis 1561, la ville n'a obtenu le statut juridique de capitale qu'avec l'avènement de la Seconde République et la promulgation de sa <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constitution_espagnole_de_1931?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constitution espagnole de 1931">Constitution</a>. Historiquement, Madrid n'a jamais joui officiellement du titre de <i>ciudad</i> (« ville »), ayant dû se contenter de celui de <i>villa</i> (« bourgade »). Sous le régime franquiste, la loi du <time class="nowrap" datetime="1963-07-11" data-sort-value="1963-07-11">11 juillet 1963</time> relative au régime spécial de Madrid confirme le statut de capitale, décision définitivement entérinée par la constitution de 1978. En 2006, le Parlement national adopte la loi relative au statut de capitale et au régime spécial de Madrid<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>En vertu de ce statut, elle héberge le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais royal de Madrid">Palais royal</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_La_Moncloa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais de La Moncloa">siège du gouvernement</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cortes_Generales?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cortes Generales">Parlement</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribunal_supr%C3%AAme_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribunal suprême (Espagne)">Tribunal suprême</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tribunal_constitutionnel_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tribunal constitutionnel (Espagne)">Tribunal constitutionnel</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Gouvernement_et_administration_municipale">Gouvernement et administration municipale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Gouvernement et administration municipale" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg/220px-El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1669" data-file-height="1278"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 168px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg/220px-El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="168" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg/330px-El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg/440px-El_Ayuntamiento_izar%C3%A1_un_estandarte_a_favor_de_la_accesibilidad_universal_como_s%C3%ADmbolo_de_la_reivindicaci%C3%B3n_de_este_derecho_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Séance plénière </figcaption> </figure> <p>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mairie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mairie">mairie</a> (<i>Ayuntamiento</i>), qui gouverne et administre la municipalité, est formé par : une assemblée délibérante (<i>Pleno</i>), composé de <span class="nowrap">57 conseillers municipaux</span> élus au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scrutin_proportionnel_plurinominal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scrutin proportionnel plurinominal">scrutin proportionnel</a> pour quatre ans; le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maire_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maire de Madrid">maire</a> (<i>alcalde</i>), qui est investi par le <i>Pleno</i> parmi ses membres; et la <i>Junta de Gobierno</i>, un organe collégial exécutif ou le maire, ses adjoints (<i>tenientes de alcalde</i>) et les conseillers responsables des différents secteurs du gouvernement (tous nommés à titre facultatif par le maire parmi les conseillers municipaux) se rencontrent.</p> <p>Comme dans le reste des municipalités espagnoles, le maire exerce la présidence de la plénière par défaut, mais il peut déléguer la présidence à un autre conseiller.</p> <p>Depuis 2007, le siège principal de la mairie est dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_Cyb%C3%A8le?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de Cybèle">palais de Cybèle</a>.</p> <p>Pour l'année 2018, le budget de la ville s'élève à la somme de 4 761 578 658 euros<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Les enquêtes d'opinion font ressortir que la sensibilité politique des électeurs madrilènes est notamment liée à leur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Classe_sociale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Classe sociale">classe sociale</a>. La droite est majoritaire auprès des 35 % d'habitants les plus riches de la ville, alors que la gauche est majoritaire auprès des 65 % des habitants les plus pauvres. Cette polarisation s'accroit dès lors que les écarts de revenu augmentent. Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">Parti Populaire</a> (PP) et ses alliés ont cependant gagné la plupart des élections locales depuis le début des années 1990, notamment grâce à une mobilisation électorale traditionnellement plus élevée des classes aisées que des classes populaires et à un soutien plus marqué à la droite dans les quartiers à haut revenu qu'à la gauche dans les quartiers à faible et moyen revenu<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="politiques">politiques</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : politiques" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Maires_et_conseils_municipaux_depuis_1979">Maires et conseils municipaux depuis 1979</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Maires et conseils municipaux depuis 1979" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maire_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maire de Madrid">Maire de Madrid</a>. </div> </div> <table class="wikitable alternance" style="text-align:center"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Date de l'élection</th> <th>Répartition des sièges</th> <th>Maire</th> <th>Parti</th> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1979-04-03" data-sort-value="1979-04-03">3 avril 1979</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_du_centre_d%C3%A9mocratique_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union du centre démocratique (Espagne)">UCD</a> : 25 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 25 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_communiste_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti communiste d'Espagne">PCE</a> : 9</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enrique_Tierno_Galv%C3%A1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enrique Tierno Galván">Enrique Tierno Galván</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1983-05-08" data-sort-value="1983-05-08">8 mai 1983</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 30 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alliance_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alliance populaire (Espagne)">AP</a>-<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_d%C3%A9mocrate_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Parti démocrate populaire (Espagne)">PDP</a>-<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_lib%C3%A9rale_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union libérale (Espagne)">UL</a> : 23 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_communiste_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti communiste d'Espagne">PCE</a> : 4</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enrique_Tierno_Galv%C3%A1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enrique Tierno Galván">Enrique Tierno Galván</a> <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juan_Barranco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juan Barranco">Juan Barranco</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1986?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1986">1986</a>)</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1987-06-10" data-sort-value="1987-06-10">10 juin 1987</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 24 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alliance_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alliance populaire (Espagne)">AP</a> : 20 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centre_d%C3%A9mocratique_et_social?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Centre démocratique et social">CDS</a> : 8 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauche_unie_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauche unie (Espagne)">IU</a> : 3</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juan_Barranco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juan Barranco">Juan Barranco</a> <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Sahag%C3%BAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agustín Rodríguez Sahagún">Agustín Rodríguez Sahagún</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1989?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1989">1989</a>)</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centre_d%C3%A9mocratique_et_social?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Centre démocratique et social">CDS</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1991-05-26" data-sort-value="1991-05-26">26 mai 1991</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 30 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 21 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauche_unie_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauche unie (Espagne)">IU</a> : 6</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_%C3%81lvarez_del_Manzano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José María Álvarez del Manzano">José María Álvarez del Manzano</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1995-05-28" data-sort-value="1995-05-28">28 mai 1995</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 30 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 16 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauche_unie_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauche unie (Espagne)">IU</a> : 9</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_%C3%81lvarez_del_Manzano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José María Álvarez del Manzano">José María Álvarez del Manzano</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1999-06-13" data-sort-value="1999-06-13">13 juin 1999</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 28 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 20 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauche_unie_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauche unie (Espagne)">IU</a> : 5</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_%C3%81lvarez_del_Manzano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José María Álvarez del Manzano">José María Álvarez del Manzano</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-05-25" data-sort-value="2003-05-25">25 mai 2003</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 30 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 21 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauche_unie_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauche unie (Espagne)">IU</a> : 4</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alberto_Ruiz-Gallard%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón">Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-05-27" data-sort-value="2007-05-27">27 mai 2007</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 34 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 18 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauche_unie_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauche unie (Espagne)">IU</a> : 5</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alberto_Ruiz-Gallard%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón">Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-22" data-sort-value="2011-05-22">22 mai 2011</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 31 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 15 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauche_unie_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauche unie (Espagne)">IU-LV</a> : 6 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union,_progr%C3%A8s_et_d%C3%A9mocratie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union, progrès et démocratie">UPyD</a> : 5</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alberto_Ruiz-Gallard%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón">Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón</a> <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ana_Botella_Serrano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ana Botella Serrano">Ana Botella</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2011?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2011">2011</a>)</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> <br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-05-24" data-sort-value="2015-05-24">24 mai 2015</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 21 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ahora_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ahora Madrid">AM</a> : 20 (dont 10 pour le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_communiste_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti communiste d'Espagne">PCE</a>) ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 9 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ciudadanos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciudadanos">C's</a> : 7</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manuela_Carmena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manuela Carmena">Manuela Carmena</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ahora_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ahora Madrid">AM</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-05-26" data-sort-value="2019-05-26">26 mai 2019</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A1s_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Más Madrid">MM</a> : 19 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 15 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ciudadanos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciudadanos">C's</a> : 11 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 8 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vox_(parti_politique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vox (parti politique)">Vox</a> : 4</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Mart%C3%ADnez-Almeida?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Luis Martínez-Almeida">José Luis Martínez-Almeida</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-05-28" data-sort-value="2023-05-28">28 mai 2023</time></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a> : 29 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A1s_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Más Madrid">MM</a> : 12 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_socialiste_ouvrier_espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol">PSOE</a> : 11 ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vox_(parti_politique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vox (parti politique)">Vox</a> : 5</td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Mart%C3%ADnez-Almeida?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Luis Martínez-Almeida">José Luis Martínez-Almeida</a></td> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_populaire_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti populaire (Espagne)">PP</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Arrondissements_et_quartiers">Arrondissements et quartiers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Arrondissements et quartiers" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG/220px-Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="540"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 261px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG/220px-Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG" data-width="220" data-height="261" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG/330px-Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG/440px-Maps_-_ES_-_Madrid_-_Overview_districts_numbered.PNG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Quartiers de Madrid. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Madrid est divisée en 21 arrondissements (<i>distritos</i>), subdivisés en 129 quartiers (<i>barrios</i>).</p> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Subdivisions_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdivisions de Madrid">Subdivisions de Madrid</a>. </div> </div> <ol> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centro_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Centro (Madrid)">Centre</a></i> : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palacio_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palacio (Madrid)">Palacio</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Embajadores_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Embajadores (Madrid)">Embajadores</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cortes_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cortes (Madrid)">Cortes</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Justicia_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Justicia (Madrid)">Justicia</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universidad_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universidad (Madrid)">Universidad</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sol_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sol (Madrid)">Sol</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arganzuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arganzuela">Arganzuela</a></i> : Imperial, Acacias, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chopera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chopera">Chopera</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Legazpi_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Legazpi (Madrid)">Legazpi</a>, Delicias, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palos_de_la_Frontera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palos de la Frontera">Palos de la Frontera</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atocha_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Atocha (Madrid)">Atocha</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Retiro_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Retiro (Madrid)">Retiro</a></i> : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pac%C3%ADfico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pacífico">Pacífico</a>, Adelfas, Estrella, Ibiza, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jerónimos">Jerónimos</a>, Niño Jesús.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salamanca_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salamanca (Madrid)">Salamanca</a></i> : Recoletos, Goya, Fuente del Berro, Guindalera, Lista, Castellana.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chamart%C3%ADn_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chamartín (Madrid)">Chamartín</a></i> : El Viso, Prosperidad, Ciudad Jardín, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hispanoam%C3%A9rica_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hispanoamérica (Madrid)">Hispanoamérica</a>, Nueva España, Pza. Castilla.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tetu%C3%A1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tetuán">Tetuán</a></i> : Bellas Vistas, Cuatro Caminos, Castillejos, Almenara, Valdeacederas, Berruguete.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chamber%C3%AD_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamberí (Madrid)">Chamberí</a></i> : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaztambide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaztambide">Gaztambide</a>, Arapiles, Trafalgar, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Almagro_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Almagro (Madrid)">Almagro</a>, Vallehermoso, Ríos Rosas.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fuencarral-El_Pardo_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuencarral-El Pardo (Madrid)">Fuencarral-El Pardo</a></i> : El Pardo, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fuentelarreina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fuentelarreina">Fuentelarreina</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pe%C3%B1agrande&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Peñagrande (page inexistante)">Peñagrande</a>, Barrio del Pilar, La Paz, Valverde, Mirasierra, El Goloso.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moncloa-Aravaca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moncloa-Aravaca">Moncloa-Aravaca</a></i> : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casa_de_Campo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Casa de Campo">Casa de Campo</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arg%C3%BCelles_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argüelles (Madrid)">Argüelles</a>, Ciudad Universitaria, Valdezarza, Valdemarín, El Plantío, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aravaca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aravaca">Aravaca</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latina_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latina (Madrid)">Latina</a></i> : Los Cármenes, Puerta del Ángel, Lucero, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aluche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aluche">Aluche</a>, Las Águilas, Campamento, Cuatro Vientos.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carabanchel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carabanchel">Carabanchel</a></i> : Comillas, Opañel, San Isidro, Vista Alegre, Puerta Bonita, Buenavista, Abrantes.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usera">Usera</a></i> : Orcasitas, Orcasur, San Fermín, Almendrales, Moscardó, Zofio, Pradolongo.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puente_de_Vallecas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puente de Vallecas">Puente de Vallecas</a></i> : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entrev%C3%ADas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entrevías">Entrevías</a>, San Diego, Palomeras Bajas, Palomeras Sureste, Portazgo, Numancia.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moratalaz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moratalaz">Moratalaz</a></i> : Pavones, Horcajo, Marroquina, Media Legua, Fontarrón, Vinateros.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ciudad_Lineal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciudad Lineal">Ciudad Lineal</a></i> : Ventas, Pueblo Nuevo, Quintana, La Concepción, San Pascual, San Juan Bautista, Colina, Atalaya, Costillares.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hortaleza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hortaleza">Hortaleza</a></i> : Palomas, Valdefuentes, Canillas, Pinar del Rey, Apóstol Santiago, Piovera.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Villaverde_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Villaverde (Madrid)">Villaverde</a></i> : San Andrés, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_los_%C3%81ngeles&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="San Cristóbal de los Ángeles (page inexistante)">San Cristóbal</a>, Butarque, Los Rosales, Los Ángeles (Villaverde).</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Villa_de_Vallecas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Villa de Vallecas">Villa de Vallecas</a></i> : Casco Histórico de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vallecas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vallecas">Vallecas</a>, Santa Eugenia.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vic%C3%A1lvaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vicálvaro">Vicálvaro</a></i> : Casco Histórico de Vicálvaro, Ambroz.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Blas-Canillejas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Blas-Canillejas">San Blas</a></i> : Simancas, Hellín, Amposta, Arcos, Rosas, Rejas, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Canillejas&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Canillejas (page inexistante)">Canillejas</a>, Salvador.</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barajas_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barajas (Madrid)">Barajas</a></i> : Alameda de Osuna, Aeropuerto, Casco Histórico de Barajas, Timón, Corralejos.</li> </ol> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Population_et_société"><span id="Population_et_soci.C3.A9t.C3.A9"></span>Population et société</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Population et société" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Démographie"><span id="D.C3.A9mographie"></span>Démographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Démographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <table class="wikitable droite"> <caption> Évolution 1897 - 2011 </caption> <tbody> <tr align="center"> <td>Année</td> <td>Total<br> Commune</td> <td>Total<br> province</td> <td>Pourcentage<br> (%)</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1897</td> <td>542 739</td> <td>730 807</td> <td>74,27</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1900</td> <td>575 675</td> <td>773 011</td> <td>74,47</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1910</td> <td>614 322</td> <td>831 254</td> <td>73,90</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1920</td> <td>823 711</td> <td>1 048 908</td> <td>78,53</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1930</td> <td>1 041 767</td> <td>1 290 445</td> <td>80,73</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1940</td> <td>1 322 835</td> <td>1 444 134</td> <td>84,04</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1950</td> <td>1 553 338</td> <td>1 823 418</td> <td>85,19</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1960</td> <td>2 177 123</td> <td>2 510 217</td> <td>86,73</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1965</td> <td>2 793 510</td> <td>3 278 068</td> <td>85,22</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1970</td> <td>3 120 941</td> <td>3 761 348</td> <td>82,97</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1975</td> <td>3 228 057</td> <td>4 319 904</td> <td>74,73</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1981</td> <td>3 158 818</td> <td>4 686 895</td> <td>67,40</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1986</td> <td>3 058 812</td> <td>4 780 572</td> <td>63,98</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1991</td> <td>3 010 492</td> <td>4 647 555</td> <td>64,78</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>1996</td> <td>2 866 850</td> <td>5 022 289</td> <td>57,08</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>2001</td> <td>2 938 723</td> <td>5 423 384</td> <td>54,19</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>2003</td> <td>3 092 759</td> <td>5 718 942</td> <td>54,08</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>2006</td> <td>3 250 334</td> <td>6 161 680</td> <td>52,75</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td>2011</td> <td>3 277 034</td> <td>6 271 638</td> <td>52,25</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>La population de Madrid a connu une lente augmentation entre 1877 et 1960 en raison de l'incorporation de diverses communes limitrophes : La Alameda, Aravaca, Barajas de Madrid, Canillas, Canillejas, Carabanchel Alto, Carabanchel Bajo, Chamartín de la Rosa, Fuencarral, Hortaleza, El Pardo, Vallecas, Vicálvaro et Villaverde. Avec l'industrialisation et l'exode rural, la population explose à partir des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1960?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Années 1960">années 1960</a>. Elle triple ainsi entre le recensement de 1940 et celui de 1970, ce qui, conjugué à l'absence de plans d'urbanisation, entraîne la création de zones résidentielles anarchiques et de bidonvilles, principalement au sud de la capitale. Les services publics fondamentaux ne s'y installent que plusieurs années après<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Dès les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_1970?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Années 1970">années 1970</a>, la croissance profite aux communes suburbaines et Madrid perd des habitants. Il faut attendre 1995 pour que la croissance de la population municipale reprenne, principalement grâce à l'immigration étrangère<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ainsi, selon les données officielles du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-01-01" data-sort-value="2011-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2011</time>, la population atteint environ <span class="nowrap">3,3 millions</span> d'habitants contre <span class="nowrap">2,9 millions</span> selon le recensement de 2001.</p> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2006-01" data-sort-value="2006-01">janvier 2006</time>, l'aire urbaine de Madrid, qui s'étale aussi sur la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Castille-La_Manche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Castille-La Manche">Castille-La Manche</a> et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Castille-et-Le%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Castille-et-León">Castille-et-León</a>, compte environ 7 millions d'habitants et la Communauté, plus de <span class="nowrap">6 millions</span>.</p> <p>En 2008, 16,9 % des Madrilènes ne sont pas originaires d'Espagne. Depuis le milieu des années 1990, en effet, la communauté de Madrid, plus encore que le reste du pays, voit arriver des milliers d'immigrants d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Afrique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> (notamment du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maroc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maroc">Maroc</a>), d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Am%C3%A9rique_latine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amérique latine">Amérique latine</a> (notamment d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89quateur_(pays)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Équateur (pays)">Équateur</a>, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colombie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colombie">Colombie</a> et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bolivie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bolivie">Bolivie</a>), d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europe_de_l%27Est?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europe de l'Est">Europe de l'Est</a> (notamment de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roumanie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roumanie">Roumanie</a> et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bulgarie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bulgarie">Bulgarie</a>) et d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asie">Asie</a> (notamment de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chine">Chine</a> et du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pakistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>).</p> <p>Tableau des résidents étrangers à Madrid en 2019.</p> <table class="wikitable gauche"> <caption> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th>Pays de naissance</th> <th>Population</th> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Roumanie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Romania.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Roumanie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Roumanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Roumanie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roumanie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roumanie">Roumanie</a></span></td> <td align="right">43 441</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Chine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chine">Chine</a></span></td> <td align="right">40 245</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Venezuela"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Venezuela.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Venezuela"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/20px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/20px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Venezuela" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/30px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/40px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venezuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></span></td> <td align="right">39 279</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Colombie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Colombia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Colombie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Colombie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Colombie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colombie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colombie">Colombie</a></span></td> <td align="right">32 752</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Perou"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Peru.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Pérou"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Pérou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/20px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/20px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Pérou" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/30px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/40px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9rou?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pérou">Pérou</a></span></td> <td align="right">26 813</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Italie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Italy.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Italie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Italie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Italie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italie">Italie</a></span></td> <td align="right">25 933</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Équateur"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ecuador.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Équateur"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Équateur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Équateur" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89quateur_(pays)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Équateur (pays)">Équateur</a></span></td> <td align="right">24 141</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Honduras"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Honduras.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Honduras"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Honduras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/20px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/20px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Honduras" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/30px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/40px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Honduras?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></span></td> <td align="right">23 498</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Maroc"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Morocco.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Maroc"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Maroc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Maroc" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/40px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maroc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maroc">Maroc</a></span></td> <td align="right">23 133</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Paraguay"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Paraguay.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Paraguay"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Paraguay" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/30px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paraguay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></span></td> <td align="right">20 435</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Dominicaine république"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République dominicaine"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la République dominicaine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la République dominicaine" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_dominicaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République dominicaine">République dominicaine</a></span></td> <td align="right">18 170</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bolivie"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Bandera_de_Bolivia_(Estado).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bolivie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/30px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/40px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bolivie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bolivie">Bolivie</a></span></td> <td align="right">14 042</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Philippines"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Philippines"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des Philippines" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></span></td> <td align="right">13 501</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Portugal"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Portugal.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Portugal"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Portugal" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></span></td> <td align="right">12 086</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="France"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la France"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la France" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a></span></td> <td align="right">10 957</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Bresil"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Brazil.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Brésil"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Brésil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Brésil" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Br%C3%A9sil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brésil">Brésil</a></span></td> <td align="right">10 751</td> </tr> <tr> <td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ukraine"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Ukraine"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Ukraine" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ukraine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></span></td> <td align="right">9 739</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Lieux_d'intérêt"><span id="Lieux_d.27int.C3.A9r.C3.AAt"></span>Lieux d'intérêt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Lieux d'intérêt" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Alonso_Martínez"><span id="Alonso_Mart.C3.ADnez"></span>Alonso Martínez</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=29&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Alonso Martínez" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_(Madrid)_06.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/220px-Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/220px-Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/330px-Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/440px-Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Place Colomb. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le quartier s'étend entre la vaste <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_Colomb_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place Colomb (Madrid)">place Colomb</a>, qui honore <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christophe_Colomb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christophe Colomb">Christophe Colomb</a>, et la place Alonso Martínez. Il est bordé à l'est par le cours des Récollets et au sud par Chueca. C'est un quartier calme au charme discret, étroitement surveillé car il abrite les plus hautes institutions judiciaires espagnoles (le Tribunal suprême, l'Audience nationale — où sont jugées les grandes affaires criminelles, notamment celles liées au terrorisme basque ou islamique — et le Conseil général du pouvoir judiciaire) ainsi que le ministère de l'Intérieur, le siège du Parti populaire, l'Institut français de Madrid.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Atocha">Atocha</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=30&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Atocha" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_(Madrid)_06.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/220px-Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/220px-Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/330px-Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/440px-Estaci%C3%B3n_de_Atocha_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Gare d'Atocha. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Ce quartier doit son nom à l'ancien ermitage d'Atocha, aujourd'hui basilique. Ici se trouve la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare">gare</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Renfe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Renfe">Renfe</a> d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Atocha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Atocha">Atocha</a>, qui est la plus ancienne de Madrid et la plus grande d'Espagne. Construite en 1851, elle est célèbre pour son hall, qui abrite un jardin tropical, et, plus tragiquement, pour avoir été le point de convergence des trains de banlieue (<i>cercanías</i>) frappés par les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attentats_du_11_mars_2004_%C3%A0_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Attentats du 11 mars 2004 à Madrid">attentats du 11 mars 2004</a>. Un monument érigé à la mémoire des victimes, prend la forme d'un grand cylindre de verre. En face de la gare, s'élève le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_centre_d%27art_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée national centre d'art Reina Sofía">Centre d'Art Reina Sofía</a>, musée national d'art contemporain qui abrite des pièces maîtresses de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juan_Gris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juan Gris">Juan Gris</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pablo_Picasso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a>, dont le fameux <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guernica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guernica">Guernica</a></i>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="AZCA_/_Nuevos_Ministerios"><span id="AZCA_.2F_Nuevos_Ministerios"></span><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/AZCA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="AZCA">AZCA</a> / <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nuevos_Ministerios?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nuevos Ministerios">Nuevos Ministerios</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=31&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : AZCA / Nuevos Ministerios" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>C'est le quartier d'affaires de Madrid, où s'élèvent notamment les tours <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tour_Picasso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tour Picasso">Picasso</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tour_Europa_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tour Europa (Madrid)">Europa</a>, ainsi que l'immeuble de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Banco_Bilbao_Vizcaya_Argentaria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria">BBVA</a>.</p> <p>Un grand magasin de la chaîne <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_Corte_Ingl%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="El Corte Inglés">El Corte Inglés</a> y est présent. Depuis la station de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro de Madrid">métro</a> <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nuevos_Ministerios_(m%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nuevos Ministerios (métro de Madrid)">Nuevos Ministerios</a></i>, la <span class="nowrap">ligne 8</span> rejoint tous les terminaux de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez_Madrid-Barajas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aéroport Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas">aéroport</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Torre_Picasso_(Madrid)_10.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/220px-Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2186" data-file-height="2979"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 300px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/220px-Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="300" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/330px-Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/440px-Torre_Picasso_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Torre_Picasso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Torre Picasso">Tour Picasso</a> dans le centre des finances AZCA de Madrid. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Chueca">Chueca</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=32&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Chueca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Quartier très animé lors de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Movida?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Movida">Movida</a> madrilène, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chueca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chueca">Chueca</a> avait été déserté dans les années <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1980?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1980">1980</a>, devenant un repaire d'héroïnomanes. Ayant bénéficié, depuis, de l'évolution urbaine et d'une politique de réhabilitation de la municipalité, Chueca est devenu un quartier branché d'avant-garde, où restaurants, bars et discothèques côtoient les boutiques de mode. C'est aujourd'hui le quartier <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gay_(homosexualit%C3%A9)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gay (homosexualité)">gay</a> de la ville. Organisé autour de la <i>plaza Chueca</i>, petite place haute en couleur, il est séparé du quartier voisin de Malasaña par deux rues commerçantes très animées, la <i>calle de Fuencarral</i> et la <i>calle de Hortaleza</i>, bordées de nombreux magasins de jeunes stylistes, d'objets design ou de musique électronique.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Las_Cortes">Las Cortes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=33&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Las Cortes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CalledelCalvario.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/CalledelCalvario.jpg/220px-CalledelCalvario.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/CalledelCalvario.jpg/220px-CalledelCalvario.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/CalledelCalvario.jpg/330px-CalledelCalvario.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/CalledelCalvario.jpg/440px-CalledelCalvario.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Calle del Calvario, une rue ordinaire du quartier de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lavapi%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lavapiés">Lavapiés</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Congreso_de_los_Diputados_(Espa%C3%B1a)_15.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg/220px-Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3683" data-file-height="2618"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg/220px-Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg/330px-Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg/440px-Congreso_de_los_Diputados_%28Espa%C3%B1a%29_15.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Congr%C3%A8s_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Congrès des députés">Congrès des députés</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Quartier petit mais dense en bâtiments abritant d'importantes institutions, qui fait la jonction entre Sol et le Prado, le long de la <i>carrera de San Jerómino</i>. Le bâtiment le plus notable est celui du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Congr%C3%A8s_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Congrès des députés">Congrès des députés</a> (<i>Congreso de los Diputados</i>). Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Thyssen-Bornemisza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée Thyssen-Bornemisza">musée Thyssen-Bornemisza</a> se situe dans le périmètre, ainsi que la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Banque_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Banque d'Espagne">Banque d'Espagne</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%ADrculo_de_Bellas_Artes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Círculo de Bellas Artes">Círculo de Bellas Artes</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Zarzuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Théâtre de la Zarzuela">théâtre de la Zarzuela</a> ou encore le grand hôtel <i>Palace</i>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Gran_Vía"><span id="Gran_V.C3.ADa"></span>Gran Vía</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=34&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Gran Vía" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>La « grand-rue » est l'avenue la plus importante du centre historique, regroupant <span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite plus de précisions." style="cursor:help;">actuellement</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Pr%C3%A9ciser_un_fait?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Préciser un fait">[C'est-à-dire ?]</a></sup> de nombreux centres de services : cinémas, théâtres, hôtels, grands magasins, banques, ainsi que le siège central de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Telef%C3%B3nica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Telefónica">Telefónica</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg/220px-PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg/220px-PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg/330px-PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg/440px-PlazadelDosdeMayo.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_du_Dos_de_Mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place du Dos de Mayo">Plaza del Dos de Mayo</a>, un lieu emblématique du quartier de Malasaña. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_(Madrid)_04.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/220px-Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/220px-Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/330px-Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg/440px-Calle_de_Alcal%C3%A1_%28Madrid%29_04.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Croisement <i>Gran Vía</i> et rue d'Alcala </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/220px-A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/220px-A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/330px-A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/440px-A_Black_and_White_Photo_of_the_the_Gran_V%C3%ADa_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Gran Vía</i> </figcaption> </figure> <p>En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1886?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1886">1886</a>, l'architecte Carlos Velasco Peinado proposa un projet de « <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gran_Via_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gran Via (Madrid)">Gran Via</a> » à la municipalité, entre la <i>calle Alcalá</i> et la place San Marcial, actuelle place d'Espagne. En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1898?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1898">1898</a>, la municipalité demanda aux architectes Francisco Andrés Octavio et Jose Lopez Sallavery d'étudier un projet de prolongement de la rue Preciados, approuvé en 1901<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Les premiers travaux pour sa construction débutèrent par la pose de la première pierre par le roi <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphonse_XIII?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alphonse XIII">Alphonse XIII</a> le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1910-04-04" data-sort-value="1910-04-04">4 avril 1910</time>, selon un plan d'aménagement de la ville de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1862?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1862">1862</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>24<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Avec ce grand projet d'urbanisme, s'inspirant de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York">New York</a>, s'affirma un style néo-classique madrilène établi par des architectes comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antonio_Palacios?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Palacios">Antonio Palacios</a>, Muguruza et Zuazo.</p> <p>Durant la guerre civile, de nombreux bâtiments furent la cible des bombardements aériens ou de l'artillerie <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franquisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Franquisme">Franquiste</a> et dont les traces de balle sont encore visibles sur de nombreux édifices. Pendant la dictature elle porta le nom d'« avenue José Antonio » en hommage à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Primo_de_Rivera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Antonio Primo de Rivera">José Antonio Primo de Rivera</a>, puis elle retrouva son nom originel après la mort de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francisco_Franco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Lavapiés"><span id="Lavapi.C3.A9s"></span>Lavapiés</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=35&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Lavapiés" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Officiellement dénommé <i>Embajadores</i>, c'était au <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle le quartier juif de Madrid. Aujourd'hui c'est un quartier populaire, accueillant de nombreux immigrés et des restaurants du monde entier. Le mélange cosmopolite attire aussi une population bohème d'artistes et de madrilènes à contre-courant. Les épiceries y proposent des ingrédients de toutes les cuisines du monde. On y trouve aussi de nombreux théâtres, des squats et des centres culturels tels que <i>la casa encendida</i> ou la salle de projection de la cinémathèque espagnole, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cine_Dor%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cine Doré">Cine Doré</a>. Le fragile équilibre interethnique y est menacé par la forte pression spéculative des promoteurs immobiliers et la politique de « dépaupérisation » du centre-ville lancé par la mairie de Madrid. Malgré cela, le quartier continue toujours à souffrir d'une certaine réputation d'insécurité.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="La_Latina">La Latina</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=36&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : La Latina" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Quartier du centre historique, qui se déplie en petites rues tortueuses au sud de la <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_Mayor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza Mayor">plaza Mayor</a></i>, de part et d'autre de la <i>calle Mayor</i>. Très fréquentée par les étudiants pour son charme, sa douceur de vivre et ses bars à tapas, la Latina entre en effervescence chaque dimanche matin à l'occasion du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rastro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rastro">Rastro</a>, le marché aux puces de Madrid, dont la tradition remonte à plusieurs siècles. C'est un immense marché en plein air où touristes et Madrilènes s'agglutinent en fin de matinée, autant pour y dénicher d'insolites objets que pour profiter de son ambiance festive.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Malasaña"><span id="Malasa.C3.B1a"></span>Malasaña</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=37&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Malasaña" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Originellement dénommé <i>Maravillas</i>, le quartier fut ensuite adopté sous le nom officiel de <i>Malasaña</i>. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manuela_Malasa%C3%B1a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manuela Malasaña">Manuela Malasaña</a> était une jeune fille de la <i>calle de San Andrés</i>, tuée lors du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soul%C3%A8vement_du_dos_de_mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Soulèvement du dos de mayo">soulèvement du dos de mayo</a> sous l'occupation napoléonienne en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1808?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1808">1808</a>. Le quartier est aussi souvent désigné sous le nom de <i>Tribunal</i>.</p> <p>Lieu incontournable de la vie nocturne madrilène, organisé autour de la <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_du_Dos_de_Mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place du Dos de Mayo">plaza del Dos de Mayo</a></i> et de la station de métro Tribunal, Malasaña est un quartier vivant et bigarré, dont les rues étroites abritent d'innombrables bars et discothèques attirant une clientèle jeune et animée, principalement étudiante. Le mouvement de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Movida?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Movida">movida</a> est né dans ces rues et dans des locaux qui existent toujours tels que la <i>Via Lactea</i> ou la <i>Nueva Visión</i>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Salamanca">Salamanca</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=38&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Salamanca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg/220px-Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg/220px-Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg/330px-Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg/440px-Vista_de_Madrid_-_Salamanca_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Vue du quartier de Salamanca depuis la tour BBVA. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Ce vaste quartier doit son nom à son promoteur, le marquis de Salamanca, qui le fit ériger ex nihilo au <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle. Aujourd'hui, c'est le quartier huppé de la capitale espagnole, où résident les classes aisées. Il est délimité par le <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paseo_de_la_Castellana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paseo de la Castellana">paseo de la Castellana</a></i> (Ouest), la <i>calle de Joaquín Costa</i> (nord), la <i>plaza Manuel Becerra</i> (est) et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_du_Retiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parc du Retiro">parc du Retiro</a> (sud). La <i>calle de Goya</i>, la <i>calle de Velázquez</i> et la <i>calle de Serrano</i> (la rue la plus chère de Madrid) en sont les principales artères. Les larges avenues organisées en damier de Salamanca tranchent avec l'imbroglio de petites rues qui forme les autres quartiers du centre de Madrid et sont bordées d'immeubles résidentiels de haut standing, de palaces et de magasins de luxe. C'est un quartier très élégant où il fait bon flâner et faire des emplettes (à condition d'en avoir les moyens) mais peu animé le soir venu. La résidence officielle de l'ambassadeur de France en Espagne, une magnifique villa du début de <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, se situe au cœur de Salamanca, à l'intersection de la <i>calle de Serrano</i> et de la <i>calle de María de Molina</i>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Puerta_del_Sol">Puerta del Sol</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=39&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Puerta del Sol" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg/220px-Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="545"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg/220px-Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg/330px-Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg/440px-Black_and_white_photograph_taken_at_Puerta_del_Sol_in_Madrid.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Real Casa de Correos à Puerta del Sol. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puerta del Sol (Madrid)">Puerta del Sol</a> est située au centre de la ville et elle en symbolise le cœur. Elle est aussi le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Point_z%C3%A9ro_(topographie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Point zéro (topographie)">point kilométrique zéro</a> des distances à Madrid, elle est au centre géométrique du pays. La place est totalement piétonne depuis 2020<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Établissement_de_luxe"><span id=".C3.89tablissement_de_luxe"></span>Établissement de luxe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=40&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Établissement de luxe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Ritz_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hôtel Ritz (Madrid)">Hôtel Ritz (Madrid)</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Westin_Palace_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Westin Palace (Madrid)">Westin Palace (Madrid)</a></li> </ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Palace_Hotel_(Madrid)_01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg/220px-Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1142"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 162px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg/220px-Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="162" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg/330px-Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg/440px-Palace_Hotel_%28Madrid%29_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Westin Palace Madrid. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Musées"><span id="Mus.C3.A9es"></span>Musées</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=41&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Musées" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Articles détaillés : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Prado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée du Prado">Musée du Prado</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée Reina Sofía">Musée Reina Sofía</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Thyssen-Bornemisza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée Thyssen-Bornemisza">Musée Thyssen-Bornemisza</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Museo_del_Prado_2016_(25185969599).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg/220px-Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4045" data-file-height="3021"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 164px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg/220px-Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="164" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg/330px-Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg/440px-Museo_del_Prado_2016_%2825185969599%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Prado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée du Prado">Musée du Prado</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG/220px-MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG/220px-MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG/330px-MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG/440px-MNCARS_Patio_Escultura_Miro.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Musée Reina Sofía, Sculpture de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joan Miró">Miró</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana,_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg/220px-Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg/220px-Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg/330px-Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg/440px-Madrid_-_Plaza_de_Santa_Ana%2C_monumento_a_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monument_%C3%A0_Federico_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monument à Federico García Lorca (Madrid)">Monument à Federico García Lorca</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julio_L%C3%B3pez_Hern%C3%A1ndez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julio López Hernández">Julio López Hernández</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_Sainte-Anne_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place Sainte-Anne (Madrid)">place Sainte-Anne</a>, face au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teatro_Espa%C3%B1ol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teatro Español">Teatro Español</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Madrid comprend des musées importants, notamment des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pinacoth%C3%A8que?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pinacothèque">pinacothèques</a>, qui constituent l'une des principales attractions touristiques de la ville. Le triangle de l'art regroupe trois centres de référence: le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Prado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée du Prado">musée du Prado</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Thyssen-Bornemisza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée Thyssen-Bornemisza">musée Thyssen-Bornemisza</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée Reina Sofía">musée Reina Sofía</a>.</p> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Prado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée du Prado">musée du Prado</a> est l'un des plus importants musées au monde consacré principalement à la peinture. Cette pinacothèque est qualifiée, à défaut d'être la plus complète, comme la plus riche en raison de l'accumulation de chefs-d'œuvre. Sa collection se concentre sur la peinture antérieure au <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, en particulier l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peinture_espagnole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peinture espagnole">espagnole</a>, l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peinture_italienne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peinture italienne">italienne</a> et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peinture_flamande?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peinture flamande">flamande</a>.</p> <p>Parmi les chefs-d'œuvre qu'il expose, figurent notamment : <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Gentilhomme_%C3%A0_la_main_sur_la_poitrine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Gentilhomme à la main sur la poitrine">Le Gentilhomme à la main sur la poitrine</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_Greco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="El Greco">El Greco</a> ; <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_M%C3%A9nines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Ménines">Les Ménines</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Reddition_de_Breda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="La Reddition de Breda">La Reddition de Breda</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Fileuses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Fileuses">Les Fileuses</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Forge_de_Vulcain_(V%C3%A9lasquez)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Forge de Vulcain (Vélasquez)">La Forge de Vulcain</a></i> et <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Triomphe_de_Bacchus_(V%C3%A9lasquez)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Triomphe de Bacchus (Vélasquez)">Le Triomphe de Bacchus</a></i> par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diego_V%C3%A9lasquez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diego Vélasquez">Velázquez</a> ; <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Maja_nue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Maja nue">La Maja nue</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Maja_v%C3%AAtue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Maja vêtue">La Maja vêtue</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Famille_de_Charles_IV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Famille de Charles IV">La Famille de Charles IV</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dos_de_mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dos de mayo">Dos de mayo</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tres_de_mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tres de mayo">Tres de mayo</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peintures_noires?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peintures noires">Peintures noires</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francisco_de_Goya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francisco de Goya">Goya</a> ; <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Trois_Gr%C3%A2ces_(Rubens,_1639)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Trois Grâces (Rubens, 1639)">Les Trois Grâces</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Jugement_de_P%C3%A2ris_(Rubens)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Jugement de Pâris (Rubens)">Le Jugement de Pâris</a></i>, <i>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Adoration_des_mages_(Rubens,_1617)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Adoration des mages (Rubens, 1617)">Adoration des mages</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rubens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubens">Rubens</a> ; <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autoportrait_aux_gants?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autoportrait aux gants">Autoportrait aux gants</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adam_et_%C3%88ve_(D%C3%BCrer,_1507)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adam et Ève (Dürer, 1507)">Adam et Ève</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albrecht Dürer">Dürer</a> ; <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Descente_de_croix_(Rogier_van_der_Weyden)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="La Descente de croix (Rogier van der Weyden)">La Descente de Croix</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rogier_van_der_Weyden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rogier van der Weyden">Rogier van der Weyden</a> ; <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Jardin_des_d%C3%A9lices?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Jardin des délices">Le Jardin des délices</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Chariot_de_foin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Chariot de foin">Le Chariot de foin</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Sept_P%C3%A9ch%C3%A9s_capitaux_et_les_Quatre_Derni%C3%A8res_%C3%89tapes_humaines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Sept Péchés capitaux et les Quatre Dernières Étapes humaines">Les Sept Péchés capitaux et les Quatre Dernières Étapes humaines</a></i> et <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Lithotomie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Lithotomie">La Lithotomie</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bosch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jérôme Bosch">Bosch</a> ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Quint_%C3%A0_cheval_%C3%A0_M%C3%BChlberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Quint à cheval à Mühlberg">Charles Quint à cheval à Mühlberg</a>, <i>La bacchanale de l'andrios</i> (<i>La bacanal de los andrios</i>), <i>Offrande à Vénus</i> (<i>Ofrenda a Venus</i>), <i>Danaé recevant la pluie d'or</i> du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Titien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Titien">Titien</a> ou <i>Les toilettes</i> (<i>El lavatorio</i>) du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tintoret?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tintoret">Tintoret</a>.</p> <p>Dans la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peinture_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peinture française">peinture française</a>, figurent des chefs-d'œuvre de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nicolas_Poussin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nicolas Poussin">Poussin</a>, tels que <i>Le Triomphe de David</i> et <i>Le Parnasse</i> ; de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_de_Lorraine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claude de Lorraine">Claude de Lorraine</a>, un ensemble de paysages remarquables ; trois peintures de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Simon_Vouet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Simon Vouet">Simon Vouet</a> et quatre de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Bourdon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sébastien Bourdon">Sébastien Bourdon</a>. Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%A9n%C3%A9brisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ténébrisme">ténébrisme</a> présente des exemples frappants de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georges_de_La_Tour?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georges de La Tour">Georges de La Tour</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nicolas_Tournier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nicolas Tournier">Nicolas Tournier</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valentin_de_Boulogne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valentin de Boulogne">Valentin de Boulogne</a>. Les portraits des Bourbons espagnols, tels que <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Ranc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Ranc">Jean Ranc</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis-Michel_van_Loo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis-Michel van Loo">Louis-Michel van Loo</a> (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Famille_de_Philippe_V_(van_Loo)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Famille de Philippe V (van Loo)">La Famille de Philippe V (van Loo)</a></i>) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel-Ange_Houasse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel-Ange Houasse">Michel-Ange Houasse</a>, ainsi que des Bourbons français, tels que <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hyacinthe_Rigaud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hyacinthe Rigaud">Hyacinthe Rigaud</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine-Fran%C3%A7ois_Callet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine-François Callet">Antoine-François Callet</a>, sont présents aux côtés de maîtres <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rococo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rococo">rococo</a> tels que <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_Watteau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine Watteau">Watteau</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François Boucher">Boucher</a>, de même que les paysagistes <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Joseph_Vernet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claude Joseph Vernet">Claude Joseph Vernet</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Pillement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Pillement">Jean Pillement</a>. Outre le chapitre pictural, il possède une remarquable collection de sculptures, d'époques gréco-romaine, de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Renaissance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> et autres, ainsi que des collections de dessins, d'estampes et d'arts décoratifs.</p> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Reina_Sof%C3%ADa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée Reina Sofía">Musée Reina Sofía</a> est le musée national d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Art_contemporain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Art contemporain">art contemporain</a>. Ses collections couvrent l'art de la fin du <abbr class="abbr" title="Dix-neuvième"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>, du <abbr class="abbr" title="Vingtième"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> et du <abbr class="abbr" title="21ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XXI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, avec un accent particulier sur les artistes espagnols. Ainsi, il possède d'importantes collections de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pablo_Picasso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a> (avec <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guernica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guernica">Guernica</a></i>, l'un de ses chefs-d'œuvre), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a> (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Grand_Masturbateur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Grand Masturbateur">Le Grand Masturbateur</a></i> (<i>El gran masturbador</i>)), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juan_Gris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juan Gris">Juan Gris</a> avec dix-neuf peintures (<i>La bouteille d'anis</i> (<i>La botella de anís</i>)) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a> (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Maison_du_palmier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Maison du palmier">La Maison du palmier</a></i> (1918) (<i>La casa de la palmera</i>), <i>Femme et chien devant la lune</i> (1936) (<i>Mujer y perro delante de la luna</i>), ou <i>Le sourire des ailes flamboyantes</i> (1953) (<i>La sonrisa de alas flameantes</i>)). Dans le cour centrale, une de ses sculptures est exposée, Oiseau lunaire (Pájaro lunar) (1966). Les autres artistes représentés sont les surréalistes <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_Picabia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francis Picabia">Francis Picabia</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="René Magritte">René Magritte</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%93scar_Dom%C3%ADnguez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Óscar Domínguez">Óscar Domínguez</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yves_Tanguy_(peintre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yves Tanguy (peintre)">Yves Tanguy</a> ; les cubistes <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georges_Braque?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georges Braque">Georges Braque</a> (Bouteille et fruits, 1911 (<i>Botella y frutas, 1911</i>) et Cartes à jouer et dés, 1914 (<i>Naipes y dados, 1914</i>)), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Delaunay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Delaunay">Robert Delaunay</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fernand Léger">Fernand Léger</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Gleizes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Gleizes">Albert Gleizes</a>; en plus de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julio_Gonz%C3%A1lez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julio González">Julio González</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yves_Klein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yves Klein">Yves Klein</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lucio_Fontana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lucio Fontana">Lucio Fontana</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eduardo_Chillida?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eduardo Chillida">Eduardo Chillida</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pablo_Palazuelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pablo Palazuelo">Pablo Palazuelo</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pablo_Serrano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pablo Serrano">Pablo Serrano</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Arp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="René Magritte">René Magritte</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoni_T%C3%A0pies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoni Tàpies">Antoni Tàpies</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_Bacon_(peintre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francis Bacon (peintre)">Francis Bacon</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pablo_Gargallo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pablo Gargallo">Pablo Gargallo</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexander_Calder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexander Calder">Alexander Calder</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mark_Rothko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mark Rothko">Mark Rothko</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Guti%C3%A9rrez_Solana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Luis Gutiérrez Solana">José Luis Gutiérrez Solana</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antonio_Saura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antonio Saura">Antonio Saura</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diego_Rivera?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diego Rivera">Diego Rivera</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roberto_Matta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roberto Matta">Roberto Matta</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_Garc%C3%ADa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antonio López García">Antonio López García</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miquel_Barcel%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miquel Barceló">Miquel Barceló</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sam_Francis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sam Francis">Sam Francis</a>, entre autres. Il abrite également une bibliothèque d'accès gratuit, spécialisée dans l'art, dont les fonds s'élèvent à plus de <span title="45 359,237 Kg" style="cursor:help">100 000</span> livres, 3 500 enregistrements sonores et près de 1 000 vidéos.</p> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Thyssen-Bornemisza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée Thyssen-Bornemisza">musée Thyssen-Bornemisza</a> représente l'une des plus grandes collections d'art privées au monde, acquises pour l'essentiel par l'État espagnol. Ses collections présentent une vue panoramique de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_l%E2%80%99art?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Histoire de l’art">histoire de l'art</a>, ordonnée par ordre chronologique, de sorte que la visite commence à la Renaissance et se termine au <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle. Au deuxième étage, se situe le cycle du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peinture_gothique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peinture gothique">gothique final</a> et de la Renaissance au baroque, en passant par le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quattrocento?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quattrocento">Quattrocento</a> italien ; avec des auteurs de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peinture_allemande?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Peinture allemande">école allemande</a> et flamande, tels que <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jan_van_Eyck?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jan van Eyck">Jan van Eyck</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albrecht Dürer">Dürer</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hans_Holbein_le_Jeune?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hans Holbein le Jeune">Hans Holbein le Jeune</a>, et une galerie consacrée au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Titien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Titien">Titien</a>, au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tintoret?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tintoret">Tintoret</a>, aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Famille_Bassano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Famille Bassano">Bassano</a>, au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Greco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Greco">Greco</a>, au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Bernin</a> et au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Caravage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Caravage">Caravage</a>, entre autres. Au premier étage, la collection de peintures néerlandaises est présentée, de Frans Hals à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Max_Beckmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Max Beckmann">Max Beckmann</a> ; avec des échantillons de réalisme, rococo, néoclassicisme, romantisme et mouvements impressionnistes. Le rez-de-chaussée regroupe des œuvres du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, allant du cubisme aux toutes premières avant-gardes, en passant par le pop art. Certains chefs-d'œuvre contemporains de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Picasso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Picasso">Picasso</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piet_Mondrian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piet Mondrian">Piet Mondrian</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marc_Chagall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marc Chagall">Marc Chagall</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edward_Hopper?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edward Hopper">Edward Hopper</a> se démarquent. Il convient de noter que ce musée est le seul en Espagne à présenter un panorama cohérent de tendances picturales telles que l'impressionnisme (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Édouard Manet">Manet</a> (Amazone en face), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste_Renoir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste Renoir">Renoir</a> (Femme au parapluie dans un jardin, 1875), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Monet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claude Monet">Monet</a> (<i>Le Dégel à Vétheuil</i>, 1881), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Degas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Degas">Degas</a> (<i>Dames à la chapellerie</i>, <i>Danseuse en vert</i>), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Camille_Pissarro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Camille Pissarro">Camille Pissarro</a> (les paysages <i>La forêt de Marly</i> et <i>Rue Saint-Honoré, effet de pluie</i>), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfred_Sisley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfred Sisley">Alfred Sisley</a> (<i>La Crue de Port-Marly</i>, 1876), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Bonnard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Bonnard">Pierre Bonnard</a> (<i>Portrait de Misia Godebska</i>) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berthe_Morisot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berthe Morisot">Berthe Morisot</a>) ; le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Postimpressionnisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Postimpressionnisme">postimpressionnisme</a>, qui comprend, entre autres, quatre toiles de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Van_Gogh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Gogh">Van Gogh</a> et une œuvre de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauguin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gauguin">Gauguin</a>, auxquelles il faut ajouter huit peintures et une sculpture rare de cet auteur à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Colecci%C3%B3n_Carmen_Thyssen-Bornemisza&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Colección Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza (page inexistante)">Colección Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colecci%25C3%25B3n_Carmen_Thyssen-Bornemisza" class="extiw" title="es:Colección Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en espagnol : « Colección Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza »">(es)</span></a> (Collection Carmen Thyssen-Bornesmisza) ; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toulouse-Lautrec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Toulouse-Lautrec">Toulouse-Lautrec</a> auquel <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Cézanne">Paul Cézanne</a> fait concurrence avec l'importante toile pré-publique (Paysanne assise (1905-06). Le musée présente également des exemples d'autres artistes du début du siècle : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edouard_Vuillard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Edouard Vuillard">Edouard Vuillard</a>, le symboliste <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gustave_Moreau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gustave Moreau">Gustave Moreau</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_Hodler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ferdinand Hodler">Ferdinand Hodler</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lovis_Corinth?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lovis Corinth">Lovis Corinth</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Ensor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Ensor">James Ensor</a> (Le théâtre des masques) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kees_van_Dongen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kees van Dongen">Kees van Dongen</a>. Peut-être <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edvard_Munch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edvard Munch">Munchles</a> éclipse-t-il (au moins par la gloire actuelle) ; l'expressionnisme allemand avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ernst Ludwig Kirchner">Ernst Ludwig Kirchner</a> (huit œuvres, soulignant la Calle con buscona vêtue de rouge), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emil_Nolde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emil Nolde">Emil Nolde</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Max_Beckmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Max Beckmann">Max Beckmann</a> (autoportrait à la main levée et Quappi vêtu de rose), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Marc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Marc">Franz Marc</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ludwig_Meidner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ludwig Meidner">Ludwig Meidner</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karl_Schmidt-Rottluff?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karl Schmidt-Rottluff">Karl Schmidt-Rottluff</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erich_Heckel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erich Heckel">Erich Heckel</a>. Une mention spéciale doit être faite des artistes atypiques tels que <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vassily_Kandinsky?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vassily Kandinsky">Vassily Kandinsky</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lyonel_Feininger?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lyonel Feininger">Lyonel Feininger</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Egon_Schiele?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Egon Schiele">Egon Schiele</a>. Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dadaisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadaisme">dadaiste</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kurt_Schwitters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kurt Schwitters">Kurt Schwitters</a> possède également un bon répertoire ou la peinture romantique européenne. L'échantillon de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fauvisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fauvisme">fauvisme</a> est très petit : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Matisse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri Matisse">Henri Matisse</a> a à peine un exemple mineur (<i>Les Fleurs jaunes</i>), bien qu'il faille souligner un paysage londonien cité du meilleur stade d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Derain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Derain">André Derain</a> (<i>Le Pont de Waterloo</i>, 1906). Ainsi qu'à exposer des œuvres d'auteurs totalement absents des autres collections de l'État, telles que Jan van Eyck, Frans Hals, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piero_della_Francesca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piero della Francesca">Piero della Francesca</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Caspar David Friedrich">Friedrich</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Autres_musées"><span id="Autres_mus.C3.A9es"></span>Autres musées</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=42&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Autres musées" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_arch%C3%A9ologique_national_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée archéologique national de Madrid">Musée archéologique national de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Real_Academia_de_Bellas_Artes_de_San_Fernando?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando">Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Museo_de_Am%C3%A9rica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo de América">Museo de América</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_L%C3%A1zaro_Galdiano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée Lázaro Galdiano">Musée Lázaro Galdiano</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_romantisme_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du romantisme (Madrid)">Musée du romantisme</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mus%C3%A9e_del_traje&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Musée del traje (page inexistante)">Musée del traje</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mus%C3%A9e_de_cera&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Musée de cera (page inexistante)">Musée de cera</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Sorolla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée Sorolla">Musée Sorolla</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mus%C3%A9e_el_Ejercito_del_aire&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Musée el Ejercito del aire (page inexistante)">Musée el Ejercito del aire</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mus%C3%A9e_des_sciences_(Madrid)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Musée des sciences (Madrid) (page inexistante)">Musée des sciences</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_d%27Anthropologie_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musée national d'Anthropologie (Madrid)">Musée national d'anthropologie</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27histoire_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée d'histoire de Madrid">Musée d'histoire de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Museo_Naval_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo Naval de Madrid">Museo Naval de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Museo_ABC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Museo ABC">Musée ABC</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Casa_de_la_Arquitectura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Casa de la Arquitectura">La Casa de la Arquitectura</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Palais">Palais</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=43&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Palais" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Palacio_Real_(Madrid)_18.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg/302px-Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg" decoding="async" width="302" height="202" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1793" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 302px;height: 202px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg/302px-Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg" data-width="302" data-height="202" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg/453px-Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg/604px-Palacio_Real_%28Madrid%29_18.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais royal de Madrid">Palais royal</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg/300px-PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 169px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg/300px-PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="169" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg/450px-PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg/600px-PalaisRoyalMadrid.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Le Palais Royal de Madrid à la lumière du soir. </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg/238px-Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="179" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 238px;height: 179px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg/238px-Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg" data-width="238" data-height="179" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg/357px-Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg/476px-Palacio_de_Comunicaciones_-_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Situé sur la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_de_Cibeles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza de Cibeles">plaza de Cibeles</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_des_communications?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais des communications">palais des communications</a> est le siège principal de l'administration municipale </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais royal de Madrid">Palais royal</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_des_Communications?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais des Communications">Palais des Communications</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_des_ducs_de_Pastrana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais des ducs de Pastrana">Palais des ducs de Pastrana</a> (ou Palais Gilhou)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_la_Moncloa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de la Moncloa">Palais de la Moncloa</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_la_Zarzuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de la Zarzuela">Palais de la Zarzuela</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_du_Pardo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais du Pardo">Palais du Pardo</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_du_Prince_d%27Anglona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais du Prince d'Anglona">Palais du Prince d'Anglona</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_Linares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de Linares">Palais de Linares</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_du_S%C3%A9nat_(Espagne)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais du Sénat (Espagne)">Palais du Sénat</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Palais_de_Fernan_Nunez&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Palais de Fernan Nunez (page inexistante)">Palais de Fernan Nunez</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Édifices_religieux"><span id=".C3.89difices_religieux"></span>Édifices religieux</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=44&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Édifices religieux" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Catedral_de_la_Almudena,_Madrid_SP.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/220px-Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/220px-Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/330px-Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/440px-Catedral_de_la_Almudena%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_de_l%27Almudena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cathédrale de l'Almudena">cathédrale de l'Almudena</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Temple_d%27Amon_(Debod)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Temple d'Amon (Debod)">Temple d'Amon (Debod)</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monast%C3%A8re_des_D%C3%A9chauss%C3%A9es_royales?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monastère des Déchaussées royales">Monastère des Déchaussées royales</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monast%C3%A8re_de_l%27Incarnation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monastère de l'Incarnation">Monastère de l'Incarnation</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cath%C3%A9drale_de_l%27Almudena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cathédrale de l'Almudena">Cathédrale de l'Almudena</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basilique_Notre-Dame-de-la-Conception_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basilique Notre-Dame-de-la-Conception de Madrid">Basilique Notre-Dame-de-la-Conception</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basilique_hispano-am%C3%A9ricaine_de_Notre-Dame_de_la_Mis%C3%A9ricorde_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basilique hispano-américaine de Notre-Dame de la Miséricorde de Madrid">Basilique hispano-américaine de Notre-Dame de la Miséricorde de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89glise_San_Antonio_de_la_Florida_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Église San Antonio de la Florida de Madrid">Église de San Antonio de la Florida</a> (Coupole peinte par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francisco_de_Goya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francisco de Goya">Goya</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89glise_protestante_du_Sauveur_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Église protestante du Sauveur de Madrid">Église protestante du Sauveur</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Parcs_et_jardins">Parcs et jardins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=45&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Parcs et jardins" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg/220px-Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg/220px-Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg/330px-Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg/440px-Buen_Retiro_Park_7.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Parc del Buen Retiro. </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jardins_du_Retiro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jardins du Retiro de Madrid">Parc del Buen Retiro</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jardin_botanique_royal_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jardin botanique royal de Madrid">Jardin botanique royal de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_Juan_Carlos_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Parc Juan Carlos I">Parc Juan Carlos I</a>, avec le jardin des Trois Cultures</li> <li>Jardin du Campo del Moro</li> <li>Jardins de Sabatini</li> <li>Parc de l'Ouest (Parque del Oeste)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_de_la_Casa_de_Campo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Parc de la Casa de Campo">Parc de la Casa de Campo</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jardin_du_Prince_d%27Anglona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jardin du Prince d'Anglona">Jardin du Prince d'Anglona</a></li> <li>Madrid Rio</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Fontaines">Fontaines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=46&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Fontaines" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Madrid dispose de nombreuses fontaines, dont quelques-unes photographiées par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfonso Begué">Alfonso Begué</a> en 1864 :</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg/97px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="950"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 97px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg/97px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg" data-width="97" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg/145px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg/194px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_calle_Santa_Isabel-1864.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg/94px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="743" data-file-height="950"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 94px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg/94px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg" data-width="94" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg/141px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg/188px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_plaza_Pontejos-1864.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg/93px-Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5273" data-file-height="6792"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 93px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg/93px-Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg" data-width="93" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg/140px-Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg/186px-Museo_de_Historia_de_Madrid-1619-Fuente_vecinal_en_la_plaza_de_las_Descalzas.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg/96px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="752"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 96px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg/96px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg" data-width="96" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg/144px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg/191px-Alfonso_Begu%C3%A9-Fuente_Red_de_San_Luis_-1864.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"></div></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Pavillons_et_monuments_commémoratifs"><span id="Pavillons_et_monuments_comm.C3.A9moratifs"></span>Pavillons et monuments commémoratifs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=47&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Pavillons et monuments commémoratifs" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg/220px-PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg/220px-PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg/330px-PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg/440px-PalaciodeCristalRetiro.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_cristal_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais de cristal (Madrid)">Palacio de Cristal</a>, situé dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_du_Retiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parc du Retiro">Parque del Retiro</a> à Madrid. </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fontaine_de_Neptune_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fontaine de Neptune (Madrid)">fontaine de Neptune</a></li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_de_Alcal%C3%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerta de Alcalá">Puerta de Alcalá</a></li> <li>La Puerta de Toledo</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_de_Cristal_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais de Cristal (Madrid)">Palais de Cristal du Retiro</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jardins_du_Retiro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jardins du Retiro de Madrid">Monument d'Alphonse XII</a></li> <li>Palais de cristal de l'Arganzuela (site du Matadero municipal de Legazpi)</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Artères_et_places_célèbres"><span id="Art.C3.A8res_et_places_c.C3.A9l.C3.A8bres"></span>Artères et places célèbres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=48&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Artères et places célèbres" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg/220px-Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg/220px-Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg/330px-Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg/440px-Plaza_de_sol_madrid.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puerta del Sol (Madrid)">Puerta del Sol</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg/220px-Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg/220px-Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg/330px-Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg/440px-Puerta_del_Sol_de_Madrid_The_statue_by_sculptor_Antonio_Navarro_Santafe_Madrid_Spain_Bear_Statue.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Puerta del Sol : statue de l'ours et l'arbousier par le sculpteur Antonio Navarro Santafe. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Plaza_de_Canalejas_(Madrid)_10.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/220px-Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3144" data-file-height="3702"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 259px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/220px-Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="259" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/330px-Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg/440px-Plaza_de_Canalejas_%28Madrid%29_10.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Plaza de Canalejas (Madrid). </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_de_Canalejas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza de Canalejas">Plaza de Canalejas</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Place_de_l%27Ind%C3%A9pendance_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Place de l'Indépendance (Madrid)">Plaza de la Independencia</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Plaza_Canovas_del_Castillo&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Plaza Canovas del Castillo (page inexistante)">Plaza Canovas del Castillo</a>, présidée en son centre par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fontaine_de_Neptune_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fontaine de Neptune (Madrid)">Fontaine de Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza de Colón (Madrid)">Plaza de Colón</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Plaza_de_Chueca&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Plaza de Chueca (page inexistante)">Plaza de Chueca</a></li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gran_Via_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gran Via (Madrid)">Gran Vía</a>, l'avenue principale du centre du Madrid</li> <li>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Paseo_de_Recoletos&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Paseo de Recoletos (page inexistante)">Paseo de Recoletos</a></li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_de_Cibeles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza de Cibeles">Plaza de Cibeles</a>, présidée en son centre par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fontaine_de_Cibeles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fontaine de Cibeles">Fontaine de Cibeles</a></li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza de España (Madrid)">Plaza de España</a></li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_Mayor_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaza Mayor de Madrid">Plaza Mayor</a></li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_del_Sol_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Puerta del Sol (Madrid)">Puerta del Sol</a></li> <li>Les rues Preciados/Carmen et Serrano/Goya, hauts lieux du commerce de luxe avec de nombreuses enseignes de marque. Les grands magasins y ont aussi pignon sur rue, comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_Corte_Ingl%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="El Corte Inglés">El Corte Inglés</a>.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tours_et_gratte-ciel">Tours et gratte-ciel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=49&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Tours et gratte-ciel" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG/220px-PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="525"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG/220px-PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG/330px-PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/PlazaCastillaMadrid.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Les tours penchées de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Puerta_de_Europa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerta de Europa">Puerta de Europa</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:MadridSkyline2008.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/MadridSkyline2008.jpg/220px-MadridSkyline2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="634" data-file-height="511"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 177px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/MadridSkyline2008.jpg/220px-MadridSkyline2008.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="177" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/MadridSkyline2008.jpg/330px-MadridSkyline2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/MadridSkyline2008.jpg/440px-MadridSkyline2008.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Cuatro Torres Business Area. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Bien que Madrid n'ait jamais été une ville qui se démarque par ses gratte-ciel, au cours du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, en particulier avec la construction de la Gran Vía, les premières ont été construites. Ce n'est qu'en 1953 que le premier gratte-ciel de Madrid se lève, l'Edificio España, et en 1957, il surpasse la Torre de Madrid. Dans les années 1980, les gratte-ciel AZCA, tels que la tour Picasso et la tour de télécommunication de Torrespaña, ont été construits, bien que cela ne soit généralement pas considéré comme un gratte-ciel. Au <abbr class="abbr" title="21ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XXI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, la tour Titania (de <span class="nowrap">104 mètres</span> de haut, érigée sur le site de la tour de Windsor détruite) a été construite à AZCA; et sur le Paseo de la Castellana, a été construit le parc d'activités Cuatro Torres Business Area, un complexe de quatre gratte-ciel de plus de <span class="nowrap">200 mètres</span> de haut, le plus haut d'Espagne.</p> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_gratte-ciel_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des gratte-ciel de Madrid">Liste des gratte-ciel de Madrid</a>. </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Cimetières"><span id="Cimeti.C3.A8res"></span>Cimetières</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=50&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Cimetières" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_Saint-Isidore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cimetière Saint-Isidore">Cimetière Saint-Isidore</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_de_Saint-Just?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cimetière de Saint-Just">Cimetière de Saint-Just</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_civil_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cimetière civil de Madrid">Cimetière civil de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_de_La_Almudena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cimetière de La Almudena">Cimetière de La Almudena</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_de_Mingorrubio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cimetière de Mingorrubio">Cimetière de Mingorrubio</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sacramental_de_San_Lorenzo_y_San_Jos%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sacramental de San Lorenzo y San José">Sacramental de San Lorenzo y San José</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Autour_de_Madrid">Autour de Madrid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=51&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Autour de Madrid" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul> <li>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Escurial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Escurial">Escurial</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palais_royal_d%27Aranjuez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palais royal d'Aranjuez">Palais royal d'Aranjuez</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Granja_(palais)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="La Granja (palais)">Palais royal de La Granja</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sierra_de_Guadarrama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sierra de Guadarrama">Sierra de Guadarrama</a></li> <li>Vieille ville d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcalá de Henares">Alcalá de Henares</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valle_de_los_Ca%C3%ADdos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valle de los Caídos">Valle de los Caídos</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Personnalités_liées_à_Madrid"><span id="Personnalit.C3.A9s_li.C3.A9es_.C3.A0_Madrid"></span>Personnalités liées à Madrid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=52&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Personnalités liées à Madrid" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article détaillé : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_de_personnalit%C3%A9s_li%C3%A9es_%C3%A0_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste de personnalités liées à Madrid">Liste de personnalités liées à Madrid</a>. </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Éducation"><span id=".C3.89ducation"></span>Éducation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=53&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Éducation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <p>Plusieurs écoles et universités sont installées dans la communauté de Madrid.</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Isabel_la_Cat%C3%B3lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lycée Isabel la Católica">Lycée Isabel la Católica</a> (près du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parc_du_Retiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parc du Retiro">Parc du Retiro</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_complutense_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université complutense de Madrid">Université complutense de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Carlos_III_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Carlos III de Madrid">Université Carlos III de Madrid</a> (campus à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Legan%C3%A9s_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leganés (Madrid)">Leganés</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Getafe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Getafe">Getafe</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colmenarejo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colmenarejo">Colmenarejo</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_autonome_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université autonome de Madrid">Université autonome de Madrid</a> (campus à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Cantoblanco_(Madrid)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Cantoblanco (Madrid) (page inexistante)">Cantoblanco</a>).</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_polytechnique_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université polytechnique de Madrid">Université polytechnique de Madrid</a> (campus à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ciudad_Universitaria_de_Madrid&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid (page inexistante)">Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid</a>, à Montegancedo (Boadilla del Monte) et au sud, à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vallecas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vallecas">Vallecas</a>).</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Roi_Juan_Carlos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université Roi Juan Carlos">Université Roi Juan Carlos</a> (essentiellement à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%B3stoles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Móstoles">Móstoles</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pozuelo_de_Alarc%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pozuelo de Alarcón">Alcorcón</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fuenlabrada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fuenlabrada">Fuenlabrada</a>, quelques facultés à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vic%C3%A1lvaro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vicálvaro">Vicálvaro</a>).</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_(actuelle)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université d'Alcalá de Henares (actuelle)">Université d'Alcalá</a> (essentiellement à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcalá de Henares">Alcalá de Henares</a> (Madrid)</li> <li>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_nationale_d%27enseignement_%C3%A0_distance?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université nationale d'enseignement à distance">Université nationale d'enseignement à distance</a> (UNED) a son siège à Madrid.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Pontificia_de_Comillas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Pontificia de Comillas">Université Pontificia de Comillas</a> (campus à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Cantoblanco_(Madrid)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Cantoblanco (Madrid) (page inexistante)">Cantoblanco</a>, à Alberto Aguilera et Calle Quintana)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Universit%C3%A9_Alfonso_X_el_Sabio&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Université Alfonso X el Sabio (page inexistante)">Université Alfonso X el Sabio</a></li> <li>Université CEU San Pablo</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Universit%C3%A9_Camilo_Jos%C3%A9_Cela&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Université Camilo José Cela (page inexistante)">Université Camilo José Cela</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Universit%C3%A9_Francisco_de_Vitoria&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Université Francisco de Vitoria (page inexistante)">Université Francisco de Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_europ%C3%A9enne_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université européenne de Madrid">Université européenne de Madrid</a> (UEM)</li> <li>Instituto de Empresa (IE) - IE Business school</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Féminisme"><span id="F.C3.A9minisme"></span>Féminisme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=54&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Féminisme" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul> <li>Le mouvement des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Las_Sinsombrero?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Las Sinsombrero">Las Sinsombrero</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maruja_Mallo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maruja Mallo">Maruja Mallo</a>;</li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Residencia_de_Se%C3%B1oritas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Residencia de Señoritas">Residencia de Señoritas</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maria_de_Maeztu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maria de Maeztu">María de Maeztu</a>;</li> <li>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cercle_saphique_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cercle saphique de Madrid">Cercle saphique de Madrid</a> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Victorina_Dur%C3%A1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Victorina Durán">Victorina Durán</a>;</li> <li>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Instituto_de_las_Mujeres?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Instituto de las Mujeres">Institut des femmes</a>, dont la première présidente est <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carlota_Bustelo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carlota Bustelo">Carlota Bustelo</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>26<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Système_de_santé"><span id="Syst.C3.A8me_de_sant.C3.A9"></span>Système de santé</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=55&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Système de santé" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <p>Le système de santé publique de la région de Madrid est le moins bien financé d’Espagne, la santé étant une compétence du gouvernement régional. Du fait du manque de moyens et de personnels, les soignants font état d’une surcharge de travail ingérable tandis que les délais de prise en charge des patients s’allongent. Il faut, en 2022, entre deux et trois semaines pour obtenir un rendez-vous avec un médecin généraliste<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>En novembre 2022 plusieurs centaines de milliers de personnes défilent pour dénoncer la mauvaise gestion de la présidente de région <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Isabel_D%C3%ADaz_Ayuso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Isabel Díaz Ayuso">Isabel Díaz Ayuso</a> et contre sa volonté de poursuivre la privatisation du secteur<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voies_de_communication_et_transports">Voies de communication et transports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=56&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voies de communication et transports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Périphérique_intérieur_M30"><span id="P.C3.A9riph.C3.A9rique_int.C3.A9rieur_M30"></span>Périphérique intérieur M30</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=57&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Périphérique intérieur M30" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:M-30_(Madrid,_Spain)_04.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg/220px-M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3056" data-file-height="2047"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg/220px-M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg/330px-M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg/440px-M-30_%28Madrid%2C_Spain%29_04.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> M-30 : Secteur Nord. </figcaption> </figure> <p>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autoroute_espagnole_M-30?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autoroute espagnole M-30">Autoroute espagnole M-30</a> aussi appelée Circunvalación de Madrid est une voie circulaire qui a les caractéristiques autoroutières, excepté au nord de la ville sur l'Avenida de la Ilustracion faisant le tour de la capitale espagnole. D'une longueur de 32,5 <abbr class="abbr" title="kilomètre">km</abbr> environ, c'est l'autovia la plus chargée d'Espagne avec plus de 100 000 véhicules par jour qui y transitent et jusqu'à 300 000 véhicules sur certains secteurs à l'est de la ville.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Transports_urbains">Transports urbains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=58&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Transports urbains" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Articles détaillés : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro de Madrid">Métro de Madrid</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_l%C3%A9ger_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro léger de Madrid">Métro léger de Madrid</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entreprise_municipale_des_transports_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entreprise municipale des transports de Madrid">Entreprise municipale des transports de Madrid</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madrid-metro-2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madrid-metro-2.jpg/220px-Madrid-metro-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="173"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 109px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madrid-metro-2.jpg/220px-Madrid-metro-2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="109" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Madrid-metro-2.jpg/330px-Madrid-metro-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Madrid-metro-2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Un train typique Metro (type 8000). </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG/220px-Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG/220px-Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG/330px-Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG/440px-Madrid_-_Puente_de_Vallecas-_Entrev%C3%ADas-Asamblea_de_Madrid.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> La station <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asamblea_de_Madrid-Entrev%C3%ADas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asamblea de Madrid-Entrevías">Asamblea de Madrid-Entrevías</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro de Madrid">métro de Madrid</a> offre un réseau dense qui le place en tête des systèmes de transports publics mondiaux. Il est ouvert de <span class="nowrap">6 <abbr class="abbr" title="heures">h</abbr></span> à <span class="nowrap">1 <abbr class="abbr" title="heure">h</abbr> 30</span>. En parallèle, un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_l%C3%A9ger_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro léger de Madrid">réseau de tramway</a> ainsi qu'un réseau de <span class="nowrap">215 <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entreprise_municipale_des_transports_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entreprise municipale des transports de Madrid">lignes d'autobus</a></span> irriguent la ville.</p> <p>Enfin, on retrouve le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cercan%C3%ADas_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cercanías Madrid">Cercanías Madrid</a>, qui relie le centre à la périphérie de la capitale espagnole.</p> <p>L'une des stations symboliques de l'aménagement urbain de la ville est celle d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asamblea_de_Madrid-Entrev%C3%ADas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asamblea de Madrid-Entrevías">Asamblea de Madrid-Entrevías</a>, située à proximité de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Assemblée de Madrid">Assemblée de Madrid</a>, qui dessert le quartier d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entrev%C3%ADas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entrevías">Entrevías</a>, popularisé dans le monde entier grâce à la série télévisée <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entrev%C3%ADas_(s%C3%A9rie_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entrevías (série télévisée)"><i>Entrevías</i></a> d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aitor_Gabilondo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aitor Gabilondo">Aitor Gabilondo</a> et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David_Bermejo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David Bermejo">David Bermejo</a>, avec l'acteur madrilène <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Coronado?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Coronado">José Coronado</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>28<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Restrictions_d'accès_pour_les_véhicules_polluants"><span id="Restrictions_d.27acc.C3.A8s_pour_les_v.C3.A9hicules_polluants"></span>Restrictions d'accès pour les véhicules polluants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=59&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Restrictions d'accès pour les véhicules polluants" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-11-23" data-sort-value="2018-11-23">23 novembre 2018</time>, le conseil municipal vote le plan « Madrid central » qui vise à restreindre l'accès au centre-ville pour donner la priorité aux piétons et aux résidents, ainsi qu'aux transports publics et aux véhicules propres<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>29<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>150 caméras contrôlent les immatriculations des véhicules entrant par les voies d'accès au cœur de la capitale sur 5,2 kilomètres carrés autour de la Puerta del Sol et la Plaza Mayor. Les voitures des habitants du quartier, les véhicules peu polluants (hybrides ou à énergie verte), les services d'urgence ou de livraison, ainsi que les transports publics, taxis et VTC, peuvent librement accéder à la zone. Les places de stationnement en surface sont réservées aux résidents. Les autres véhicules avec éco-vignettes (diesel postérieur à 2006 et essence postérieur à l'année 2000), sont autorisés à entrer, à condition de se diriger vers un parking. La vitesse est limitée à 30 kilomètres à l'heure dans les rues à deux voies.</p> <p>Un an après son application, un rapport de la fédération Transport & Environment salue les résultats de ce plan et estime qu'il a permis de réduire de 32 % les émissions de dioxyde d'azote (NO<sub>2</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) entre <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-06" data-sort-value="2018-06">juin 2018</time> et <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-06" data-sort-value="2019-06">juin 2019</time>. Il s'agit du meilleur taux d'amélioration de la qualité de l'air en Europe<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>30<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Transports_ferroviaires_interurbains">Transports ferroviaires interurbains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=60&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Transports ferroviaires interurbains" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Articles connexes : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Atocha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Atocha">Gare de Madrid-Atocha</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Chamart%C3%ADn-Clara_Campoamor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Chamartín-Clara Campoamor">Gare de Madrid-Chamartín-Clara Campoamor</a>. </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Atocha_2004Nov.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Atocha_2004Nov.jpg/220px-Atocha_2004Nov.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1050"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Atocha_2004Nov.jpg/220px-Atocha_2004Nov.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Atocha_2004Nov.jpg/330px-Atocha_2004Nov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Atocha_2004Nov.jpg/440px-Atocha_2004Nov.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Gare d'Atocha. </figcaption> </figure> <p>La société nationale ferroviaire <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Renfe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Renfe">Renfe</a> dessert toute la péninsule à partir de ses grandes gares ferroviaires :</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Atocha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Atocha">Atocha</a>, au sud du centre-ville, accueille les trains en provenance du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, du sud et l'ouest de l'Espagne, ainsi que les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alta_Velocidad_Espa%C3%B1ola?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alta Velocidad Española">AVE</a> à grande vitesse venant de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9ville?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Séville">Séville</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cordoue?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cordoue">Cordoue</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saragosse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saragosse">Saragosse</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tol%C3%A8de?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tolède">Tolède</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Barcelone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Barcelone">Barcelone</a> ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Chamart%C3%ADn-Clara_Campoamor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Chamartín-Clara Campoamor">Chamartin</a>, au nord de la métropole, permet de rejoindre directement la France par le train hôtel <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elipsos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elipsos">Elipsos</a>, anciennement <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Talgo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Talgo">Talgo</a>, « Francisco de Goya ».</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Transports_aériens"><span id="Transports_a.C3.A9riens"></span>Transports aériens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=61&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Transports aériens" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>L'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A%C3%A9roport_Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez_Madrid-Barajas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aéroport Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas">aéroport Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas</a> est situé à 13 km au nord-est de Madrid. Son trafic a été victime de la crise économique en 2008 qui a durement frappé l'Espagne, la fréquentation a chuté de près de 22% entre 2008 et 2013 passant de 50,8 millions à 39,7 millions de passagers. En 2019 l'aéroport a accueilli 61,7 millions de passagers soit une augmentation de 6,6 % par rapport a 2018.</p> <p>L'aéroport est accessible grâce à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ligne_8_du_m%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ligne 8 du métro de Madrid">ligne 8 du métro de Madrid</a>, le train reliant la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gare_de_Madrid-Chamart%C3%ADn-Clara_Campoamor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gare de Madrid-Chamartín-Clara Campoamor">gare de Madrid-Chamartín-Clara Campoamor</a> au Terminal 4, en bus et en taxi</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Économie"><span id=".C3.89conomie"></span>Économie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=62&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Économie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Économie_de_la_Renaissance_au_XXe_siècle"><span id=".C3.89conomie_de_la_Renaissance_au_XXe_si.C3.A8cle"></span>Économie de la Renaissance au <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=63&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Économie de la Renaissance au XXe siècle" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(Madrid)_06.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/220px-Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="1926"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 140px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/220px-Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="140" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/330px-Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg/440px-Banco_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_06.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Banco de España. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/220px-A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/220px-A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/330px-A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg/440px-A_black_and_white_photograph_taken_in_Madrid_Spain.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Bilbao édifice de la Banque. </figcaption> </figure> <p>À partir du règne de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_II_d%27Espagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippe II d'Espagne">Philippe II</a> la ville est devenue capitale. Pendant de nombreuses années, la ville resta une ville administrative, centralisant les activités de l'État.</p> <p>L'industrialisation est arrivée de façon massive après la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guerre_civile?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guerre civile">guerre civile</a>. Elle a été concentrée dans les domaines de mécanique de précision, électronique, pharmaceutique...</p> <p>Le centralisme étatique favorisa la croissance économique de la ville. De nombreuses entreprises y installèrent leur siège national pendant cette période.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Économie_de_1992_à_2009"><span id=".C3.89conomie_de_1992_.C3.A0_2009"></span>Économie de 1992 à 2009</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=64&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Économie de 1992 à 2009" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Désindustrialisation_urbaine"><span id="D.C3.A9sindustrialisation_urbaine"></span>Désindustrialisation urbaine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=65&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Désindustrialisation urbaine" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Récemment, le phénomène de désindustrialisation urbaine a laissé place à des activités tertiaires. Elles ne se limitent plus à l'administration d'État, mais sont surtout financières et liées aux communications (foires, conférences, trafic aéroportuaire).</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg/220px-Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4272"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 330px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg/220px-Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="330" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg/330px-Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg/440px-Madrid._Stock_Exchange_Building.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Bourse de Madrid. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Cette vaste tertiairisation a permis à Madrid d'accéder au rang de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tropole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métropole">métropole</a> financière européenne et <span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence." style="cursor:help;">de devenir la troisième ville d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europe">Europe</a> pour ce qui est du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produit_int%C3%A9rieur_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produit intérieur brut">PIB</a></span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf. nécessaire]</a></sup>. La ville s'est ainsi hissée au <abbr class="abbr" title="Sixième">6<sup>e</sup></abbr> rang des capitales les plus attractives de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_europ%C3%A9enne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union européenne">Union européenne</a>, selon <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cushman_%26_Wakefield?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cushman & Wakefield">Cushman & Wakefield</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>31<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Le tourisme constitue aussi un pôle économique d'importance. La ville joue sur son image vivante, moderne et attrayante pour captiver un tourisme culturel et festif. La ville de Madrid en 2003 avait un PIB de 79 785 000 000 <abbr class="abbr" title="Euro(s)">€</abbr>, représentant 10 % du revenu national. Les secteurs économiques de la ville, le plus important est le secteur tertiaire ou des services, qui représente désormais 85,09 % de l'économie de la ville. Ce secteur comprend les services financiers (31,91 % du total du PIB) et les entreprises (31,84 % du PIB total). Le reste du PIB est fourni par l'industrie (8,96 % du PIB total), le secteur de la construction (5,93 % du PIB total). L'agriculture a un caractère résiduel, de sorte qu'elle contribue seulement 0,03 % du total.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:CTBA_(Madrid)_32.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg/220px-CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 293px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg/220px-CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="293" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg/330px-CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg/440px-CTBA_%28Madrid%29_32.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> CTBA de Madrid. </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Centres_d'affaires"><span id="Centres_d.27affaires"></span>Centres d'affaires</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=66&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Centres d'affaires" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Madrid est le plus grand centre d'affaires en Espagne: En 2008, 72 % des 2000 plus grandes entreprises en Espagne avaient leur siège à Madrid [83] Et maintenant, 50,1 % des revenus des 5 000 plus grandes entreprises espagnoles sont générés par les sociétés dont le siège est à Madrid, ce qui représente 31,8 % d'entre eux [84]. Son économie est aussi tournée vers l'automobile avec le groupe français <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PSA_Peugeot_Citro%C3%ABn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PSA Peugeot Citroën">PSA</a>, la construction navale (composants), l'agroalimentaire, l'industrie plastique, l'électronique, la télécommunication... Elle concentre 50 % des activités de haute technologie en Espagne (universités, centre de recherches, sièges d'entreprises...).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Tourisme_durable">Tourisme durable</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=67&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Tourisme durable" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>C'est une des villes les plus visitées en Europe, derrière Paris et Londres grâce aux nombreuses activités pour les touristes, récréatives et culturelles mais aux foires et expositions : Madrid est le principal organisateur de la foire en Europe, en termes de superficie louée par les exposants. L'IFEMA, qui organise des salons comme FITUR, Madrid Fusion, ARCO, SIMO TCI, le moteur et la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Cibeles_Madrid_Fashion_Week&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Cibeles Madrid Fashion Week (page inexistante)">Cibeles Madrid Fashion Week</a>.</p> <p>La ville fait partie des destinations sensibles à la thématique du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tourisme_durable?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tourisme durable">tourisme durable</a><sup id="cite_ref-Fitur_32-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Fitur-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, et figure au classement des 20 villes les plus vertes établié en 2021 par le site spécialisé European Best Destinations à la <abbr class="abbr" title="Quinzième">15<sup>e</sup></abbr> place<sup id="cite_ref-Gurdjian_33-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Gurdjian-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>33<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>34<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Alors que l'Espagne en général ne compte plus les manifestations de tourismophobie, Madrid est concernée par la multiplication de pancartes hostiles aux vacanciers<sup id="cite_ref-Fitur_32-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Fitur-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, qui ont <span class="citation">« fleuri dans de nombreux quartiers touristiques espagnols »</span><sup id="cite_ref-Fitur_32-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Fitur-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, sur les Ramblas de Barcelone ou dans certaines rues touristiques des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Bal%C3%A9ares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îles Baléares">îles Baléares</a><sup id="cite_ref-Fitur_32-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Fitur-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>La très importante industrie touristique locale a estimé qu'il est <span class="citation">« devenu plus que vital pour une destination aussi prisée que l’Espagne de réinventer son tourisme pour satisfaire aussi bien visiteurs que locaux »</span>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Construction">Construction</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=68&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Construction" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>La construction est le secteur le plus dynamique de Madrid, estimé à 8,2 % en 2005. La tendance montre une augmentation de la construction non résidentielle, entraîné par le léger ralentissement de la croissance des prix immobiliers en 2005.</p> <p>C'est le secteur des services qui mène l'activité économique de Madrid, avec 85 % du total, et occupe les deux tiers de la population active. Madrid accueille notamment les fonctions administratives traditionnelles (de l'administration publique centrale), et financières (Madrid est le foyer de nombreuses entreprises qui opèrent en Espagne et en héberge la moitié du capital financier national), qui ont rejoint celles liées aux transports. Les principaux centres d'emploi et de contribution au PIB de la ville de Madrid, sont du même aéroport et l'IFEMA, le parc des expositions de la ville, avec ses 4,7 millions de visiteurs annuels est la première exposition en Espagne et un des plus importants en Europe.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vie_nocturne">Vie nocturne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=69&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Vie nocturne" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Calle_Mayor,_Madrid_SP.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/220px-Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/220px-Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/330px-Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg/440px-Calle_Mayor%2C_Madrid_SP.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Calle Mayor </figcaption> </figure> <p>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Movida?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Movida">movida</a>, mouvement culturel créatif, est apparue à la suite de la mort de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francisco_Franco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francisco Franco">Franco</a> et a contribué à affirmer le caractère festif de la ville. Le mouvement initial fut favorisé par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enrique_Tierno_Galv%C3%A1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enrique Tierno Galván">Enrique Tierno Galván</a>, alors maire de Madrid et figure emblématique de la transition démocratique. Depuis l'<i>operación Luna</i> cependant, initiative de la municipalité et du gouvernement de la communauté autonome madrilène, les bars doivent fermer à trois heures, et les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Botell%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Botellón">botellones</a> sont interdits depuis 2002 (même s'ils demeurent toujours), ce qui a définitivement mis fin à la movida madrilène<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr> souhaitée]</a></sup>.</p> <p>Les principaux quartiers de la vie nocturne madrilènes sont :</p> <ul> <li>Barrio de Huertas : plaza de Santa Ana, calle de la Cruz, calle del Principe ;</li> <li>Barrio La Latina: calle Cava Baja, calle de los Cuchilleros, plaza Mayor, plaza Tirso de Molina ;</li> <li>Barrio de Chueca (jeune) : plaza de Chueca ;</li> <li>Barrio de Malasaña (jeune) : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaza_del_Dos_de_Mayo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza del Dos de Mayo">plaza del Dos de Mayo</a> ;</li> <li>Barrio de Lavapiés (populaire) : plaza de Lavapiés ;</li> <li>Barrio Argüelles/Moncloa/Bulevar (jeune) : calle Alberto Aguilera, calle de Sagasta, calle de Luchana ;</li> <li>Barrio Salamanca (chic) : calle Jorge Juan, paseo de Recoletos.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(16)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Achats">Achats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=70&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Achats" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-16"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Hotel_Internacional_(Arenal_19,_Madrid)_02.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg/220px-Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3180" data-file-height="3764"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 260px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg/220px-Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="260" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg/330px-Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg/440px-Hotel_Internacional_%28Arenal_19%2C_Madrid%29_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <i>Hotel International</i> sur la rue Arenal à Madrid. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Madrid possède un grand nombre de magasins de mode, que ce soit au centre-ville ou dans les nombreux centres commerciaux, comme Las Rozas village/Heron City Madrid. La chaîne de grands magasins espagnole, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_Corte_Ingl%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="El Corte Inglés">El Corte Inglés</a>, est aussi présente partout à Madrid (Preciados, Princesa, Salamanca, Azca...)</p> <p>Les principaux quartiers commerciaux sont :</p> <ul> <li>Sol/Preciados : calle Preciados, calle del Carmen, calle de la Montera, calle de las Carretas ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gran_V%C3%ADa_(Madrid)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gran Vía (Madrid)">Gran Vía</a> ;</li> <li>Chueca : calle de Fuencarral, calle de Hortaleza ;</li> <li>Salamanca (chic) : calle Serrano, calle Claudio Coello, calle de Goya ;</li> <li>Princesa : calle de la Princesa.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(17)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Cuisine_madrilène"><span id="Cuisine_madril.C3.A8ne"></span>Cuisine madrilène</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=71&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Cuisine madrilène" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-17 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-17"> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Articles détaillés : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cuisine_espagnole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cuisine espagnole">cuisine espagnole</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cuisine_castillane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cuisine castillane">cuisine castillane</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cuisine_madril%C3%A8ne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cuisine madrilène">cuisine madrilène</a>. </div> </div> <p>La cuisine locale est riche en charcuteries et produits consistants et s'apparente à celle de toute la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Castille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Castille">Castille</a>. Elle comprend des plats célèbres :</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cocido_madrile%C3%B1o?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocido madrileño">Cocido madrileño</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pot-au-feu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pot-au-feu">pot-au-feu</a>) ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Callos_a_la_madrile%C3%B1a&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Callos a la madrileña (page inexistante)">Callos a la madrileña</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tripes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tripes">tripes</a>).</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(18)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=72&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Sports" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-18 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-18"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:StadeBarnabeu.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StadeBarnabeu.JPG/220px-StadeBarnabeu.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StadeBarnabeu.JPG/220px-StadeBarnabeu.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StadeBarnabeu.JPG/330px-StadeBarnabeu.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StadeBarnabeu.JPG/440px-StadeBarnabeu.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stade_Santiago_Bernab%C3%A9u?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade Santiago Bernabéu">stade Santiago Bernabéu</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le plus célèbre club sportif de la ville de Madrid est le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Real_Madrid_(club_omnisports)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Real Madrid (club omnisports)">Real Madrid</a>, considéré comme l'un des plus grands clubs omnisports du monde du fait, notamment, que ses sections football et basket-ball sont toutes deux les plus titrées en Championnat d'Europe des clubs. La section football réside au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stade_Santiago_Bernab%C3%A9u?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade Santiago Bernabéu">stade Santiago Bernabéu</a>. L'autre célèbre club de football de la ville est l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atletico_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atletico Madrid">Atletico de Madrid</a>, résidant depuis <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-09" data-sort-value="2017-09">septembre 2017</time> au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stade_Metropolitano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade Metropolitano">Stade Metropolitano</a>, d'une capacité de 68 000 personnes.</p> <p>Madrid fut candidate à l'organisation des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeux_olympiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeux olympiques">Jeux olympiques</a> de la <abbr class="abbr" title="Trentième">XXX<sup>e</sup></abbr> olympiade de l'ère moderne en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeux_olympiques_d%27%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_2012?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeux olympiques d'été de 2012">2012</a>. Le maire <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_%C3%81lvarez_del_Manzano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José María Álvarez del Manzano">José María Álvarez del Manzano</a> fut à l'origine de cette initiative. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alberto_Ruiz-Gallard%C3%B3n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón">Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón</a>, son successeur l'a poursuivie, mais les <i>Jeux de la <abbr class="abbr" title="Trentième">XXX<sup>e</sup></abbr> olympiade de l'ère moderne</i> ont été célébrés à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Londres?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Londres">Londres</a>. La ville olympique a été choisie et annoncée lors de la <abbr class="abbr" title="Cent dix-septième">117<sup>e</sup></abbr> session du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_international_olympique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comité international olympique">Comité international olympique</a> (CIO), le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-07-06" data-sort-value="2005-07-06">6 juillet 2005</time> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Singapour?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Singapour">Singapour</a>, Madrid avait été éliminé au troisième tour.</p> <p>Madrid a été candidate aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeux_olympiques_d%27%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_2016?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeux olympiques d'été de 2016">Jeux olympiques d'été de 2016</a> qui ont finalement eu lieu à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Br%C3%A9sil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brésil">Brésil</a>. Madrid se représente pour organiser les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeux_olympiques_d%27%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_2020?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeux olympiques d'été de 2020">Jeux olympiques d'été de 2020</a>, mais échoue une nouvelle fois, devancée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istanbul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, désignée ville organisatrice. Madrid a été désignée « Capitale Européenne du Sport » pour l'année <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2001_en_sport?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2001 en sport">2001</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>35<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Tous les ans, au mois de mai, la capitale espagnole accueille le tournoi de tennis des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tournoi_de_tennis_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tournoi de tennis de Madrid">Masters de Madrid</a>.</p> <p>En 2014, Madrid devient la première ville en Europe à avoir deux clubs en finale de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ligue_des_champions_de_l%27UEFA_2013-2014?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ligue des champions de l'UEFA 2013-2014">ligue des champions de football</a>. Cette finale oppose le 24 mai à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lisbonne">Lisbonne</a> les clubs de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Club_Atl%C3%A9tico_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Club Atlético de Madrid">Atlético de Madrid</a> au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Real_Madrid_Club_de_F%C3%BAtbol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Real Madrid Club de Fútbol">Real Madrid</a>. En 2016, les deux clubs s'opposaient à nouveau à Milan pour la finale de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ligue_des_champions_de_l%27UEFA_2015-2016?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ligue des champions de l'UEFA 2015-2016">Ligue des champions</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(19)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Culture_et_patrimoine">Culture et patrimoine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=73&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Culture et patrimoine" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-19 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-19"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Monuments">Monuments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=74&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Monuments" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Période_musulmane"><span id="P.C3.A9riode_musulmane"></span>Période musulmane</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=75&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Période musulmane" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Vers le <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, les seigneurs musulmans de Madrid édifient une muraille défensive dont il subsiste quelques tronçons comme dans le parc <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muhammad_Ier_(Omeyyade)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muhammad Ier (Omeyyade)">Mohammed <abbr class="abbr" title="premier">I<sup>er</sup></abbr></a>. Ils font aussi creuser des canaux d'irrigation et de transport des eaux (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qanat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Qanat">qanats</a></i>).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Période_chrétienne_médiévale"><span id="P.C3.A9riode_chr.C3.A9tienne_m.C3.A9di.C3.A9vale"></span>Période chrétienne médiévale</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=76&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Période chrétienne médiévale" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Entre 1083 et 1085, la ville passe sous contrôle chrétien et voit apparaître ses premières églises. Bon nombre d'entre elles sont par la suite détruites ou reconstruites dans un style différent, à l'image des églises Saint-André et Saint-Nicolas-de-Bari. Au <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, la tour et la maison des Luján sont édifiées sur l'actuelle place de la Bourgade (<i>plaza de la Villa</i>).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Renaissance">Renaissance</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=77&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Renaissance" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Héraldique_et_bannière"><span id="H.C3.A9raldique_et_banni.C3.A8re"></span>Héraldique et bannière</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=78&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Héraldique et bannière" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Les armoiries de la ville, qui remontent au <abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, montrent un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ours_brun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ours brun">ours brun</a> avec un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arbousier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arbousier">arbousier</a>, une des légendes voulant que le nom originel de la cité soit <i>Ursaria</i> (le « pays des ours » en latin du fait de leur présence en nombre alors dans les forêts avoisinantes). Les sept étoiles présentes autour sur la partie bleue, qui représente le ciel symbolisent la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grande_Ourse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grande Ourse">Grande Ourse</a>. Enfin, la couronne, dernier élément qui a été ajouté au blason en 1544, est le symbole de la monarchie<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>36<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drapeau_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drapeau de Madrid">drapeau de Madrid</a> présente un fond <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cramoisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cramoisi">cramoisi</a> orné en son centre des armoiries de la ville.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(20)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Relations_internationales">Relations internationales</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=79&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Relations internationales" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-20 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-20"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Jumelages">Jumelages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=80&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Jumelages" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Liste des accords (<i>acuerdos</i>) de jumelage<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>:</p> <div style="column-width:22em;margin:.3em 0;" class="colonnes"> <div style="margin:-.3em 0;"> <ul> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Émirats arabes unis"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des Émirats arabes unis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des Émirats arabes unis" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abou_Dabi_(ville)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abou Dabi (ville)">Abou Dabi</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89mirats_arabes_unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Émirats arabes unis">Émirats arabes unis</a>) (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la France"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la France" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bordeaux?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>) (1984)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bordeaux_twinnings_38-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Bordeaux_twinnings-38"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>38<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Portugal.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Portugal"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Portugal" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lisbonne">Lisbonne</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>) (1979)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Guinée équatoriale" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/30px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Malabo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Malabo">Malabo</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guin%C3%A9e_%C3%A9quatoriale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guinée équatoriale">Guinée équatoriale</a>) (1982)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Philippines"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des Philippines" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manille">Manille</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>) (2005)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des États-Unis"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des États-Unis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des États-Unis" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miami?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miami">Miami</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a>) (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des États-Unis"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des États-Unis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des États-Unis" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York">New York</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a>) (1982)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mauritania.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Mauritanie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Mauritanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Mauritanie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nouakchott?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nouakchott">Nouakchott</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mauritanie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mauritanie">Mauritanie</a>) (1986)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-8" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Panama.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Panama"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Panama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/20px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/20px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Panama" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/30px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/40px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Panama_(ville)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Panama (ville)">Panama</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Panama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Panama">Panama</a>) (1980)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-9" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Morocco.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Maroc"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Maroc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Maroc" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/40px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casablanca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Casablanca">Casablanca</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maroc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maroc">Maroc</a>) (2024)<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire"><span title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 24 mars 2024) ; voir l'aide.">[réf. nécessaire]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <p>Liste des minutes (<i>actas</i>) de jumelage<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>:</p> <ul> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Morocco.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Maroc"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Maroc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Maroc" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/40px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rabat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rabat">Rabat</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maroc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maroc">Maroc</a>) (1988)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Libya.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Libye"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Libye" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/20px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/20px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Libye" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/30px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/40px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tripoli_(ville_de_Libye)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripoli (ville de Libye)">Tripoli</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Libye?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libye">Libye</a>) (1988)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-12" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Union_des_Villes_Capitales_Ibéro-américaines"><span id="Union_des_Villes_Capitales_Ib.C3.A9ro-am.C3.A9ricaines"></span>Union des Villes Capitales Ibéro-américaines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=81&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Union des Villes Capitales Ibéro-américaines" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Madrid est membre de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Union_des_Capitales_culturelles_ib%C3%A9ro-am%C3%A9ricaines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Union des Capitales culturelles ibéro-américaines">Union des Villes Capitales Ibéro-américaines</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>39<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> qui a établi des relations fraternelles avec les villes suivantes par la publication d'une déclaration collective en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1982-10" data-sort-value="1982-10">octobre 1982</time>:</p> <div style="column-width:22em;margin:.3em 0;" class="colonnes"> <div style="margin:-.3em 0;"> <ul> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Paraguay.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Paraguay"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Paraguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Paraguay" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/30px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asuncion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asuncion">Asuncion</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paraguay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Colombia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Colombie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Colombie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Colombie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bogota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bogota">Bogota</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colombie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colombie">Colombie</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Argentina.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Argentine"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Argentine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Argentine" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buenos_Aires?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argentine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argentine">Argentine</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Venezuela.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Venezuela"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/20px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/20px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Venezuela" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/30px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/40px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Caracas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Caracas">Caracas</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Venezuela?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Guatemala.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Guatemala"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/20px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Guatemala" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/30px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/40px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guatemala_(ville)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guatemala (ville)">Guatemala</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guatemala?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Cuba.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Cuba"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de Cuba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de Cuba" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Havane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Havane">La Havane</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cuba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Bandera_de_Bolivia_(Estado).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bolivie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/30px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/40px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Paz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Paz">La Paz</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bolivie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bolivie">Bolivie</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Peru.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Pérou"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Pérou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/20px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/20px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Pérou" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/30px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/40px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lima">Lima</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9rou?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pérou">Pérou</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Portugal.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Portugal"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Portugal" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lisbonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lisbonne">Lisbonne</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Nicaragua"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Nicaragua" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Managua?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Managua">Managua</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nicaragua?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mexico.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Mexique"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Mexique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Mexique" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mexico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mexique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mexique">Mexique</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Uruguay.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Uruguay"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Uruguay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Uruguay" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Montevideo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uruguay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Panama.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Panama"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Panama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/20px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/20px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Panama" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/30px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/40px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Panama_(ville)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Panama (ville)">Panama</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Panama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Panama">Panama</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Ecuador.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Équateur"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Équateur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Équateur" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quito">Quito</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89quateur_(pays)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Équateur (pays)">Équateur</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Brazil.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Brésil"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Brésil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Brésil" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Br%C3%A9sil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brésil">Brésil</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Costa Rica"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Costa Rica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/20px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/20px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Costa Rica" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/30px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/40px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_(Costa_Rica)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San José (Costa Rica)">San José</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Costa_Rica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de Porto Rico"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de Porto Rico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de Porto Rico" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Juan_(Porto_Rico)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Juan (Porto Rico)">San Juan</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Porto_Rico?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Porto Rico">Porto Rico</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Salvador"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Salvador" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/20px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/20px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Salvador" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/30px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/40px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Salvador_(Salvador)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Salvador (Salvador)">San Salvador</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salvador?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salvador">Salvador</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Chile.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Chili"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Chili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Chili" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santiago?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santiago">Santiago</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chili?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chili">Chili</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République dominicaine"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la République dominicaine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la République dominicaine" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saint-Domingue_(ville)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saint-Domingue (ville)">Saint-Domingue</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_dominicaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="République dominicaine">République dominicaine</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Honduras.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Honduras"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Honduras" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/20px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/20px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Honduras" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/30px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/40px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tegucigalpa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tegucigalpa">Tegucigalpa</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Honduras?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>)</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Autres_partenariats">Autres partenariats</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=82&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Autres partenariats" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div style="column-width:22em;margin:.3em 0;" class="colonnes"> <div style="margin:-.3em 0;"> <ul> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Greece.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Grèce"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Grèce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Grèce" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ath%C3%A8nes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Athènes">Athènes</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gr%C3%A8ce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grèce">Grèce</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9kin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pékin">Pékin</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chine">Chine</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Serbia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Serbie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Serbie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Serbie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belgrade?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Serbie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Serbie">Serbie</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-15" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Germany.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Allemagne"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Allemagne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Allemagne" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berlin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Allemagne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Allemagne">Allemagne</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Berlin_twinnings_40-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Berlin_twinnings-40"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>40<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Brazil.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Brésil"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Brésil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Brésil" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brasilia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brasilia">Brasilia</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Br%C3%A9sil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brésil">Brésil</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-17" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Belgique"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Belgique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Belgique" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bruxelles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bruxelles">Bruxelles</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belgique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belgique">Belgique</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-18" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Hungary.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Hongrie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Hongrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Hongrie" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Budapest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hongrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hongrie">Hongrie</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-19" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Philippines"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des Philippines" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cebu_(ville)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cebu (ville)">Cebu</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-20" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la République populaire de Chine" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chongqing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chine">Chine</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-21" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Philippines"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des Philippines" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davao?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davao">Davao</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-22" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Mexico.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Mexique"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Mexique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Mexique" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guadalajara_(Mexique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guadalajara (Mexique)">Guadalajara</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mexique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mexique">Mexique</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-23" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nepal.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Népal"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Népal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/14px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/14px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Népal" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/21px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/28px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katmandou?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Katmandou">Katmandou</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C3%A9pal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Népal">Népal</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-24" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Nepal.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau du Népal"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau du Népal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/14px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/14px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau du Népal" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/21px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/28px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lumbini?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lumbini">Lumbini</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C3%A9pal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Népal">Népal</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-25" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Russia.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Russie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Russie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Russie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moscou?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moscou">Moscou</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Russie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Russie">Russie</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-26" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_France.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la France"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la France" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paris">Paris</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-27" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Tchéquie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Tchéquie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Tchéquie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prague?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prague">Prague</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tch%C3%A9quie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tchéquie">Tchéquie</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-28" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Italy.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de l'Italie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de l'Italie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de l'Italie" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rome?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rome">Rome</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italie">Italie</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-29" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bulgarie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Bulgarie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Bulgarie" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sofia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bulgarie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bulgarie">Bulgarie</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-30" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Bandera_de_Bolivia_(Estado).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Bolivie"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/20px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Bolivie" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/30px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg/40px-Bandera_de_Bolivia_%28Estado%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sucre_(Bolivie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sucre (Bolivie)">Sucre</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bolivie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bolivie">Bolivie</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-31" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_Poland.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau de la Pologne"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau de la Pologne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau de la Pologne" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Varsovie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Varsovie">Varsovie</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pologne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pologne">Pologne</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-32" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon" data-sort-value=""><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapeau des Philippines"> <noscript> <img alt="Drapeau des Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="Drapeau des Philippines" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zamboanga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zamboanga">Zamboanga</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-33" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Partenariats_avec_des_organisations_internationales">Partenariats avec des organisations internationales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=83&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Partenariats avec des organisations internationales" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C40_Cities_Climate_Leadership_Group?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group">C-40 Cities</a> (C40)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-34" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_internationale_du_travail?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation internationale du travail">Organisation internationale du travail</a> (OIT)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-35" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Secrétariat général ibéro-américain (SEGIB)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-36" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_des_Nations_unies_pour_l%27%C3%A9ducation,_la_science_et_la_culture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture">Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture</a> (UNESCO)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-37" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Programme_des_Nations_unies_pour_les_%C3%A9tablissements_humains?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Programme des Nations unies pour les établissements humains">Programme des Nations unies pour les établissements humains</a> (ONU-Habitat)<sup id="cite_ref-hermanadas_37-38" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(21)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Fêtes_locales"><span id="F.C3.AAtes_locales"></span>Fêtes locales</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=84&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Fêtes locales" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-21 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-21"> <ul> <li>2 mai, <i>Fiestas del 2 de Mayo</i> dans le quartier de Malasaña, en souvenir de l'affrontement tragique qui opposa la population aux troupes de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_Ier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Napoléon Ier">Napoléon</a> (1808) au cours de la guerre d'indépendance.</li> <li>15 mai, <i>Saint <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Isidore_le_Laboureur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Isidore le Laboureur">Isidore le Laboureur</a></i>. Saint patron de Madrid.</li> <li>12 juin, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Saint_Antoine_de_la_Floride&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Saint Antoine de la Floride (page inexistante)">Saint Antoine de la Floride</a></i>. Saint patron de Príncipe Pío.</li> <li>Juin, <i>Fiestas de la calle del pez</i>.</li> <li>Juin, <i>Fiestas de Chueca</i>. La Gay pride madrilène est une fête officielle de quartier.</li> <li>Autour du 7 aout : « Fiestas de Lavapiés » dans le quartier du même nom.</li> <li>Autour du 15 aout : « Fiestas de la Paloma » dans le quartier de la Latina.</li> <li>9 novembre, <i>fête de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Notre_Dame_de_la_Almudena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Notre Dame de la Almudena">Vierge de l'Almudena</a></i>. Sainte patronne de Madrid.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(22)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=85&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-22 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-22"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prononciation_du_fran%C3%A7ais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prononciation du français">Prononciation</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais_standard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Français standard">français standard</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transcription_phon%C3%A9tique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transcription phonétique">retranscrite</a> selon la norme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphabet_phon%C3%A9tique_international?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alphabet phonétique international">API</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dialectologie_de_la_langue_espagnole?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dialectologie de la langue espagnole">Prononciation</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Espagnol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Espagnol">espagnol standard</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transcription_phon%C3%A9tique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transcription phonétique">retranscrite</a> selon la norme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphabet_phon%C3%A9tique_international?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alphabet phonétique international">API</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-ANP-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ANP_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="noarchive">« [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511091944/http://www.theartnewspaper.com/attfig/attfig11.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20120511091944/http://www.theartnewspaper.com/attfig/attfig11.pdf</a> Exhibition & museum attendance figures 2011] »</span> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF)">[PDF]</abbr>, sur <i>theartnewspaper.com</i> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-05-11" data-sort-value="2012-05-11">11 mai 2012</time> sur <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_Archive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 2.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://biblioteca.ucjc.edu-stat.info/aemet.es">http://biblioteca.ucjc.edu-stat.info/aemet.es</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2008">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.france24.com/fr/20080515-ca%25C3%25B1ada-real-galiana-le-bidonville-honte-humanitaire-espagne"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Cañada Real Galiana, le bidonville de la honte</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France_24?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France 24">France 24</a></span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-05-15" data-sort-value="2008-05-15">15 mai 2008</time></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2019">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bfmtv.com/immobilier/international-etranger/a-madrid-une-grande-partie-des-locations-airbnb-vont-devenir-illegales_AN-201903280332.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">À Madrid, une grande partie des locations AirBnB vont devenir illégales</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BFM_TV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="BFM TV">BFM TV</a></span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-03-28" data-sort-value="2019-03-28">28 mars 2019</time></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2023">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2023/04/19/l-espagne-et-le-portugal-s-attaquent-a-la-crise-du-logement_6170218_3234.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">L’Espagne et le Portugal s’attaquent à la crise du logement</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Le Monde</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-04-20" data-sort-value="2023-04-20">20 avril 2023</time></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.almaany.com/ar/dict/ar-ar/%25D9%2585%25D8%25AC%25D8%25B1%25D9%2589/">[1]</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wordreference.com/aren/%25D9%2585%25D8%25AC%25D8%25B1%25D9%2589">[2]</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Dictionnaire des noms de lieux – <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_Deroy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis Deroy">Louis Deroy</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marianne_Mulon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marianne Mulon">Marianne Mulon</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dictionnaires_Le_Robert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dictionnaires Le Robert">Le Robert</a>, 1994) <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/285036195X?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/285036195X"><span class="nowrap">285036195X</span></a>)</small>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lucas_Dubreton1962"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean_Lucas_Dubreton1962">Jean Lucas Dubreton, <cite class="italique">Madrid : villes et pays</cite>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Librairie_Arth%C3%A8me_Fayard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Librairie Arthème Fayard">Fayard</a>, <time>1962</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 26<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Madrid&rft.pub=Fayard&rft.stitle=villes+et+pays&rft.au=Jean+Lucas+Dubreton&rft.date=1962&rft.pages=26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMadrid"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Stewart2013"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jules_Stewart2013"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Jules Stewart, <cite class="italique" lang="en">Madrid : The History</cite>, I.B.Tauris, <time>2013</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr> 57<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Madrid&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.stitle=The+History&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Jules&rft.date=2013&rft.pages=57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMadrid"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2008"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/421028/0/jose/bonaparte/madrid/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="es">Los 'regalos' de Bonaparte para la capital</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">20 minutos</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-10-20" data-sort-value="2008-10-20">20 octobre 2008</time></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/audios/en-dias-como-hoy/dias-como-hoy-ejecucion-del-general-rafael-del-riego/1242651/"><cite style="font-style:normal;"><i>En días como hoy</i> - La ejecución del general Rafael del Riego</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">RTVE</span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.six-swiss-exchange.com/knowhow/exchange/history_fr.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Histoire de la Bourse</cite></a> »</span> Site de la bourse suisse</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Luis Díaz Simón, <i>Los barrios bajos de Madrid, 1880-1936</i>, Los Libros de la Catarata, 2016, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">83-84</span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2014"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.secretosdemadrid.es/einstein-en-madrid/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="es">Einstein en Madrid</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Secretos de Madrid</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-03-05" data-sort-value="2014-03-05">5 mars 2014</time></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.madrid.es/UnidadWeb/UGNormativas/NormativaNoMunicipal/LEY_DE_CAPITALIDAD.pdf">Loi 22/2006 du 4 avril 2006 relative au statut de capitale et au régime spécial de Madrid</a>, Mairie de Madrid.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.madrid.es/portales/munimadrid/es/Inicio/El-Ayuntamiento/Informacion-financiera-y-presupuestaria/Presupuestos/Presupuestos-generales/Presupuesto-General-2018/?vgnextfmt%3Ddefault%26vgnextoid%3D3f75ebc61e294610VgnVCM1000001d4a900aRCRD%26vgnextchannel%3Dc73815bdb72f8210VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRD"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="es">Presupuesto General 2018</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Site officiel de Madrid</span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sánchez2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Raúl_Sánchez2021"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> Raúl <span class="nom_auteur">Sánchez</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.eldiario.es/madrid/gana-derecha-elecciones-madrid-mayoritaria-30-rico_1_7347696.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="es">El dominio histórico de la derecha en Madrid: consigue la mayoría ganando solo en el 30% más rico</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">ElDiario.es</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-04-04" data-sort-value="2021-04-04">4 avril 2021</time></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> Luis Enrique Otero Carvajal <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ucm.es/info/hcontemp/leoc/madrid%2520III.htm%23DE%2520LA%2520POSGUERRA%2520AL%2520PLAN%2520DE%2520ESTABILIZACION">« De la posguerra al Plan de Estabilización, 1939-1959 » Madrid, de territorio fronterizo a región metropolitana</a>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-03-13" data-sort-value="2007-03-13">13 mars 2007</time>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.munimadrid.es/portal/site/munimadrid/menuitem.ec7bec4d2ccca0aa7d245f019fc08a0c/?vgnextoid%3Ddfd9ef637004a010VgnVCM100000d90ca8c0RCRD">Demografía y población</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.elmundo.es/especiales/gran_via/arquitectura/index.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="es">100 años de la Gran Vía</cite></a> », <i>El Mundo</i></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20040407064915/http://www.ucm.es/info/hcontemp/madrid/gran%2520via.htm">La Gran Vía</a> »</span> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-04-07" data-sort-value="2004-04-07">7 avril 2004</time> sur <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_Archive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mika2024"><span class="nom_auteur">Mika</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bonjourmadrid.fr/puerta-del-sol-madrid/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Puerta del Sol Madrid : une place à voir absolument en 2024 !</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Bonjour Madrid</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-05-09" data-sort-value="2024-05-09">9 mai 2024</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-11-18" data-sort-value="2024-11-18">18 novembre 2024</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Crónic@2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="La_Crónic@2020"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> La <span class="nom_auteur">Crónic@</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lacronica.net/carlota-bustelo-premiada-por-el-instituto-de-la-mujer-de-castilla-la-mancha/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="es">Carlota Bustelo, premiada por el Instituto de la Mujer de Castilla-La Mancha</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">La Crónica de Guadalajara: Tu periódico digital</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-04-30" data-sort-value="2020-04-30">30 avril 2020</time></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-:0-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_27-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_27-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2022">« <cite style="font-style:normal">En Espagne, l’épuisement et la colère des médecins, en grève illimitée</cite> », <i>Le Monde.fr</i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-11-22" data-sort-value="2022-11-22">22 novembre 2022</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2022/11/22/en-espagne-l-epuisement-et-la-colere-des-medecins_6151046_3210.html">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=En+Espagne%2C+l%E2%80%99%C3%A9puisement+et+la+col%C3%A8re+des+m%C3%A9decins%2C+en+gr%C3%A8ve+illimit%C3%A9e&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.date=2022-11-22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMadrid"></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Etienne2022"><span class="nom_auteur">Etienne</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.mediacritik.com/netflix-le-polar-entrevias-a-t-il-tout-d-un-chef-d-oeuvre/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Netflix : le polar Entrevias a-t-il tout d’un chef d’œuvre? - Mediacritik</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">mediacritik.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-05-23" data-sort-value="2022-05-23">23 mai 2022</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-11-12" data-sort-value="2023-11-12">12 novembre 2023</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2018">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lesechos.fr/industrie-services/tourisme-transport/madrid-expulse-les-voitures-polluantes-du-centre-ville-141101"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Madrid expulse les voitures polluantes du centre-ville</cite></a> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_%C3%89chos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Échos">Les Échos</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-10-07" data-sort-value="2018-10-07">7 octobre 2018</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-09-15" data-sort-value="2019-09-15">15 septembre 2019</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2019">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lesechos.fr/monde/europe/pollution-la-politique-madrilene-reconnue-comme-lune-des-plus-efficaces-deurope-1130956"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Pollution : la politique madrilène reconnue comme l'une des plus efficaces d'Europe</cite></a> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_%C3%89chos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Échos">Les Échos</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-09-12" data-sort-value="2019-09-12">12 septembre 2019</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-09-15" data-sort-value="2019-09-15">15 septembre 2019</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Dossier BFM "Les dix villes européennes préférées des dirigeants" <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.radiobfm.com/edito/home/45529/les-dix-villes-europeennes-preferees-des-dirigeants/?photo%3D6%23photos">http://www.radiobfm.com/edito/home/45529/les-dix-villes-europeennes-preferees-des-dirigeants/?photo=6#photos</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Fitur-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Fitur_32-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Fitur_32-1">b</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Fitur_32-2">c</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Fitur_32-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Costil2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clotilde_Costil2021">Clotilde Costil, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Fitur 2019 : L’Espagne s’engage pour le tourisme durable</cite> », <i>Le quotidien du tourisme</i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-01-24" data-sort-value="2021-01-24">24 janvier 2021</time><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fitur+2019+%3A+L%E2%80%99Espagne+s%E2%80%99engage+pour+le+tourisme+durable&rft.jtitle=Le+quotidien+du+tourisme&rft.aulast=Costil&rft.aufirst=Clotilde&rft.date=2021-01-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMadrid"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Gurdjian-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Gurdjian_33-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gurdjian2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Chloé_Gurdjian2021">Chloé Gurdjian, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.geo.fr/voyage/les-20-villes-deurope-les-plus-vertes-en-2022-206775"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Les 20 villes d'Europe les plus vertes en 2022</cite></a> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geo_(magazine)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geo (magazine)">Geo</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-10-20" data-sort-value="2021-10-20">20 octobre 2021</time></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2021">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.forbes.fr/environnement/tourisme-durable-quelles-sont-les-20-villes-vertes-europeennes-en-2022/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Tourisme durable : Quelles sont les 20 villes vertes européennes en 2022 ?</cite></a> », <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forbes_(magazine)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forbes (magazine)">Forbes</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-11-05" data-sort-value="2021-11-05">5 novembre 2021</time></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.aces-europa.eu/Home/EuropeanCapitals/tabid/56/Default.aspx"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">European Capitals of Sport List</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">European Capitals of Sport Association</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-07-01" data-sort-value="2009-07-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> juillet 2009</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-36">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.shmadrid.fr/blog/fr/lours-et-larbousier-de-madrid/">L’Ours et l’Arbousier de Madrid</a>, shmadrid.fr, 25 février 2016.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-hermanadas-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-1">b</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-2">c</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-3">d</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-4">e</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-5">f</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-6">g</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-7">h</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-8">i</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-9">j</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-10">k</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-11">l</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-12">m</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-13">n</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-14">o</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-15">p</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-16">q</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-17">r</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-18">s</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-19">t</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-20">u</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-21">v</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-22">w</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-23">x</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-24">y</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-25">z</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-26">aa</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-27">ab</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-28">ac</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-29">ad</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-30">ae</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-31">af</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-32">ag</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-33">ah</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-34">ai</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-35">aj</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-36">ak</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-37">al</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-hermanadas_37-38">am</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.madrid.es/vgn-ext-templating/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid%3D76957c275129a310VgnVCM2000000c205a0aRCRD%26vgnextchannel%3Dce069e242ab26010VgnVCM100000dc0ca8c0RCRD%26vgnextfmt%3Ddefault%26idCapitulo%3D7182437"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Hermanamientos y Acuerdos con ciudades</cite></a> », Ayuntamiento de Madrid</span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Bordeaux_twinnings-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Bordeaux_twinnings_38-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207154903/http://www.bordeaux.fr/p63778/europe%25C2%25A0et%25C2%25A0international">Bordeaux – Rayonnement européen et mondial</a> »</span>, sur <i>Mairie de Bordeaux</i> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-02-07" data-sort-value="2013-02-07">7 février 2013</time> sur <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_Archive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small></span></li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-39">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510114810/http://www.munimadrid.es/UnidadWeb/Contenidos/EspecialInformativo/RelacInternac/RRII/HermanamientosyAcuerdos/Files/hermanamiento_UCCI.pdf">Declaración de Hermanamiento múltiple y solidario de todas las Capitales de Iberoamérica (12–10–82)</a> »</span> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF)">[PDF]</abbr>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1982-10-12" data-sort-value="1982-10-12">12 octobre 1982</time> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-05-10" data-sort-value="2013-05-10">10 mai 2013</time> sur <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_Archive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Berlin_twinnings-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Berlin_twinnings_40-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.berlin.de/rbmskzl/en/international-relations/city-partnerships/madrid/artikel.23597.en.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">City Partnership Madrid</cite></a> », State of Berlin and the BerlinOnline Stadtportal GmbH & Co. KG. <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-02-23" data-sort-value="2019-02-23">23 février 2019</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(23)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=86&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-23 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-23"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style> <div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Madrid?uselang%3Dfr">Madrid</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li> <li class="wikinews"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikinews.org/wiki/Cat%25C3%25A9gorie:Madrid" class="extiw" title="n:Catégorie:Madrid">Madrid</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikinews</span></span></li> <li class="wikivoyage"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Madrid" class="extiw" title="voy:Madrid">Madrid</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur <span class="project">Wikivoyage</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=87&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bartolom%C3%A9_Bennassar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bartolomé Bennassar">Bartolomé Bennassar</a>, <i>Histoire de Madrid</i>, Paris, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Perrin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Perrin">Perrin</a>, 2013, 508 p.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="2011"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> Daniel Gil Flores, María Dolores Algora Weber <i><abbr class="abbr" title="et alii (« et d’autres »)" lang="la">et al.</abbr></i>, <cite class="italique" lang="es">De Maŷrit a Madrid : Madrid y los árabes, del siglo IX al siglo XXI</cite>, Barcelone/Madrid, Lunwerg Editores/<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casa_%C3%81rabe_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Casa Árabe de Madrid">Casa Árabe</a>, <time>2011</time>, 246 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-84-9785-707-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-84-9785-707-9"><span class="nowrap">978-84-9785-707-9</span></a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/8497857070?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/8497857070"><span class="nowrap">8497857070</span></a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://worldcat.org/fr/title/798943110">798943110</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Ma%C5%B7rit+a+Madrid&rft.place=Barcelone%2FMadrid&rft.pub=Casa+%C3%81rabe&rft.stitle=Madrid+y+los+%C3%A1rabes%2C+del+siglo+IX+al+siglo+XXI&rft.date=2011&rft.tpages=246&rft.isbn=978-84-9785-707-9&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F798943110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AMadrid"></span></span></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=88&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drapeau_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drapeau de Madrid">Drapeau de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro de Madrid">Métro de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_l%C3%A9ger_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Métro léger de Madrid">Métro léger de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Entreprise_municipale_des_transports_de_Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Entreprise municipale des transports de Madrid">Entreprise municipale des transports de Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attentats_de_Madrid_du_11_mars_2004?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Attentats de Madrid du 11 mars 2004">Attentats de Madrid du 11 mars 2004</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christine_Mazzoli-Guintard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christine Mazzoli-Guintard">Christine Mazzoli-Guintard</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=edit&section=89&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li> <div 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00629281">Japon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action%3Ddisplay%26authority_id%3DXX450543">Espagne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func%3Dfind-b%26local_base%3DNLX10%26find_code%3DUID%26request%3D987007550239705171">Israël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058515735506706">Catalogne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n78-089046">WorldCat</a></span></li> </ul> </div></li> <li> <div class="liste-horizontale"> <span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2807?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/place/Madrid"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/madrid-20"><i>Brockhaus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//Madrid/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/madrid_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><i>Dizionario di Storia</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0039069.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3935934"><i>Internetowa encyklopedia PWN</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/ville/Madrid/131030"><i>Larousse</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://snl.no/Madrid"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/madrid"><i>Treccani</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/madrid/"><i>Universalis</i></a></li> </ul> </div></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative au spectacle<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2807?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://data.performing-arts.ch/p/c4c7a28f-46b9-4920-a2be-3b2cbfe79b3b"><i>Archives suisses des arts de la scène</i></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2807?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T053019"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Grove Art Online</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la musique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2807?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span></span> : <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://musicbrainz.org/area/9ddf829c-48ee-4457-a80d-f7370f24f2ec"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">MusicBrainz</span></a></li> </ul></span></li> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : espagnol">(es)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.madrid.es/">Site officiel</a></cite></li> <li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.esmadrid.com/fr/">Site officiel de l'office de tourisme</a></cite></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://madridinsolito.com/">Agence française locale d'évènements insolites - Madrid Insólito</a></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de Madrid et sa communauté"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="700"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 35px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="35" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/52px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/69px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Madrid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Madrid">Portail de Madrid et sa communauté</a></span> </span></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DMadrid%26oldid%3D220423438">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madrid&oldid=220423438</a> ». </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Madrid&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Beaufix" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1732012012"> <span>Dernière modification le 19 novembre 2024, à 11:26</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – abkhaze" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – adyguéen" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adyguéen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%259B%25E1%258B%25B5%25E1%2588%25AA%25E1%258B%25B5" title="ማድሪድ – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማድሪድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrit" title="Madrit – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Madrit" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – ancien anglais" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="ancien anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF" title="مدريد – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مدريد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25A1%25DC%2595%25DC%25AA%25DC%259D%25DC%2595_(%25DC%25A1%25DC%2595%25DC%259D%25DC%25A2%25DC%25AC%25DC%2590)" title="ܡܕܪܝܕ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) – araméen" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܕܪܝܕ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="araméen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF" title="مدريد – arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مدريد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF" title="مدريد – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مدريد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AF" title="مادرید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مادرید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – balinais" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – bavarois" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrids" title="Madrids – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Madrids" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрыд – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мадрыд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрыд – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мадрыд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="मैड्रिड – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मैड्रिड" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – bichelamar" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bichelamar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A6" title="মাদ্রিদ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাদ্রিদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BC%258D" title="མ་ད་རིད། – tibétain" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མ་ད་རིད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibétain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25DB%2595%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AF" title="مەدرید – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەدرید" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – corse" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tatar de Crimée" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tatar de Crimée" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrit" title="Madrit – kachoube" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Madrit" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kachoube" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4%25D1%258A" title="Мадридъ – slavon d’église" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Мадридъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavon d’église" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recommandé"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – bas-sorabe" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="bas-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – éwé" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="éwé" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259C%25CE%25B1%25CE%25B4%25CF%2581%25CE%25AF%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7" title="Μαδρίτη – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαδρίτη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madr%25C3%25ACd" title="Madrìd – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Madrìd" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrido" title="Madrido – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Madrido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualité"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madril" title="Madril – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Madril" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mairil" title="Mairil – estrémègne" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mairil" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="estrémègne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AF" title="مادرید – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مادرید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – francoprovençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="francoprovençal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – frioulan" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="frioulan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maidrid" title="Maidrid – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Maidrid" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – gagaouze" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagaouze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF" title="مادريد – gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="مادريد" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="माद्रिद – konkani de Goa" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="माद्रिद" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="konkani de Goa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258C%25BC%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25B3%25F0%2590%258D%2582%25F0%2590%258C%25B4%25F0%2590%258C%25B9%25F0%2590%258C%25B3" title="𐌼𐌰𐌳𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌳 – gotique" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌼𐌰𐌳𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌳" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – mannois" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makelika" title="Makelika – hawaïen" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Makelika" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259E%25D7%2593%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%2593" title="מדריד – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדריד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="मद्रिद – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मद्रिद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – hindi fidjien" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – haut-sorabe" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="haut-sorabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2584%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A4%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A4" title="Մադրիդ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մադրիդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2584%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BF%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25BF" title="Մատրիտ – arménien occidental" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մատրիտ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="arménien occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – ingouche" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingouche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madr%25C3%25ADd" title="Madríd – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Madríd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%259E%25E3%2583%2589%25E3%2583%25AA%25E3%2583%25BC%25E3%2583%2589" title="マドリード – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マドリード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majrid,_Spien" title="Majrid, Spien – créole jamaïcain" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Majrid, Spien" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="créole jamaïcain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598" title="მადრიდი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მადრიდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – kabarde" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maadiriidi" title="Maadiriidi – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Maadiriidi" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – groenlandais" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="groenlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಮಡ್ರಿಡ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಡ್ರಿಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25A7%2588%25EB%2593%259C%25EB%25A6%25AC%25EB%2593%259C" title="마드리드 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마드리드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – komi-permiak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madr%25C3%25AEd" title="Madrîd – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Madrîd" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – cornique" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matritum" title="Matritum – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Matritum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – lezghien" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid_(stad)" title="Madrid (stad) – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Madrid (stad)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madridas" title="Madridas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Madridas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madride" title="Madride – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Madride" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – mokcha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25AE%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25A1%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25A1%25E0%25B5%258D" title="മാഡ്രിഡ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാഡ്രിഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="माद्रिद – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="माद्रिद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – maltais" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – mirandais" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2592%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BC%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%25B7" title="မာဒရစ်မြို့ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မာဒရစ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4_%25D0%25BE%25D1%2588" title="Мадрид ош – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Мадрид ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AF" title="مادرید – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مادرید" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medrid" title="Medrid – bas-saxon néerlandais" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Medrid" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="bas-saxon néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="म्याड्रिड – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="म्याड्रिड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2580" title="माद्री – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="माद्री" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid_(stad)" title="Madrid (stad) – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Madrid (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madri" title="Madri – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Madri" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25B3_H%25C3%25A1%25C3%25A1l%25C4%25AF%25CC%2581_(Naakaii_%25C5%2581ib%25C3%25A1h%25C3%25AD_Bik%25C3%25A9yah)" title="Tó Háálį́ (Naakaii Łibáhí Bikéyah) – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tó Háálį́ (Naakaii Łibáhí Bikéyah)" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – chewa" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="chewa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madridu" title="Madridu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Madridu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%25AE%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%25A1%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AC%25B0%25E0%25AC%25BF%25E0%25AC%25A6" title="ମାଡ୍ରିଦ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମାଡ୍ରିଦ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – ossète" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossète" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A6%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A9%2580%25E0%25A8%25A6" title="ਮਾਦਰੀਦ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਾਦਰੀਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – pampangan" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – pennsilfaanisch" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="pennsilfaanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madryt" title="Madryt – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Madryt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AF" title="مادرید – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مادرید" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AF" title="مادرید – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مادرید" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – romanche" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – roundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="roundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – aroumain" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aroumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D1%2596%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрід – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мадрід" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%258D" title="मद्रिद् – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मद्रिद्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25A2%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25AB%25E1%25B1%25BD%25E1%25B1%25A8%25E1%25B1%25A4%25E1%25B1%25AB%25E1%25B1%25BD" title="ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤᱫᱽ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱤᱫᱽ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25DA%258A%25D8%25B1%25DA%258A" title="ميڊرڊ – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ميڊرڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – chleuh" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="chleuh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25B8%25E0%25B7%2590%25E0%25B6%25A9%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25A9%25E0%25B7%258A" title="මැඩ්රිඩ් – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මැඩ්රිඩ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madridi" title="Madridi – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Madridi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – sranan tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – sotho du Sud" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sotho du Sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madryt" title="Madryt – silésien" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Madryt" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma-te-li" title="Ma-te-li – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ma-te-li" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%258D" title="மத்ரித் – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மத்ரித்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B1%258D" title="మాడ్రిడ్ – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మాడ్రిడ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madr%25C3%25ADd" title="Madríd – tétoum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Madríd" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tétoum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2594" title="มาดริด – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาดริด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%259B%25E1%258B%25B5%25E1%2588%25AA%25E1%258B%25B5" title="ማድሪድ – tigrigna" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ማድሪድ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrigna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mataliti" title="Mataliti – tongien" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Mataliti" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – tahitien" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="tahitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – oudmourte" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="oudmourte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – ouïghour" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ouïghour" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4" title="Мадрид – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мадрид" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF" title="میدرد – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میدرد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – flamand occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamand occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E9%2587%258C%25E5%25B8%2582" title="马德里市 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马德里市" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598" title="მადრიდი – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მადრიდი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259E%25D7%2590%25D7%2593%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%2593" title="מאדריד – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאדריד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A9%25AC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E9%2587%258C" title="马德里 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马德里" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A6%25AC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E9%2587%258C" title="馬德里 – chinois littéraire" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="馬德里" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chinois littéraire" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Madrid" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25A6%25AC%25E5%25BE%25B7%25E9%2587%258C" title="馬德里 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬德里" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div 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