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searchaux" style="display:none">United States supreme court case</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1951 United States Supreme Court case</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox scotus" style="line-height: 1.4em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #99c0ff; padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.4em; font-size:125%; font-style: italic">Kunz v. New York</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Seal of the United States Supreme Court"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Supreme_Court.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding-top: 0.5em; font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Argued October 17, 1950<br />Decided January 15, 1951</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full case name</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Kunz v. New York</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citations</th><td class="infobox-data">340 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/us/340/290/case.html">290</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_340" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 340">more</a></i>)<div>71 S. Ct. 312; 95 <a href="/wiki/L._Ed._2d" class="mw-redirect" title="L. Ed. 2d">L. Ed. 2d</a> 280; 1951 <a href="/wiki/U.S._LEXIS" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. LEXIS">U.S. LEXIS</a> 2248</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Court membership</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><dl style="margin:0; padding:0.1em 0.5em; text-align:center; line-height:1.3em;"> <dt style="margin:0;">Chief Justice</dt> <dd style="margin:0 0 0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Vinson" title="Fred M. Vinson">Fred M. Vinson</a> </dd> <dt style="margin:0;">Associate Justices</dt> <dd style="margin:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Black" title="Hugo Black">Hugo Black</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Forman_Reed" title="Stanley Forman Reed">Stanley F. Reed</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Felix_Frankfurter" title="Felix Frankfurter">Felix Frankfurter</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/William_O._Douglas" title="William O. Douglas">William O. Douglas</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Jackson" title="Robert H. Jackson">Robert H. Jackson</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Harold_Hitz_Burton" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold Hitz Burton">Harold H. Burton</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tom_C._Clark" title="Tom C. Clark">Tom C. Clark</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sherman_Minton" title="Sherman Minton">Sherman Minton</a> </dd></dl></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Case opinions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Majority</th><td class="infobox-data">Vinson, joined by Reed, Douglas, Burton, Clark, Minton</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Black</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Concurrence</th><td class="infobox-data">Frankfurter</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dissent</th><td class="infobox-data">Jackson</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #99c0ff; white-space:nowrap">Laws applied</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">U.S. Const. amends I</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Kunz v. New York</b></i>, 340 U.S. 290 (1951), was a landmark <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a> case that held a requirement mandating a permit to speak on religious issues in public was unconstitutional. The case was argued on October 17, 1950, and decided on January 15, 1951, with an 8–1 decision. <a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Vinson" title="Fred M. Vinson">Chief Justice Vinson</a> delivered the opinion for the Court. <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Black" title="Hugo Black">Justice Black</a> and <a href="/wiki/Felix_Frankfurter" title="Felix Frankfurter">Justice Frankfurter</a> concurred in the result only. <a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Jackson" title="Robert H. Jackson">Justice Jackson</a> dissented. </p><p><i>Kunz</i> helped establish the principle that government restrictions on speech must be narrowly tailored to avoid improperly limiting expression protected by the <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a>. In this case, the Court held that laws granting public officials broad discretion to restrain speech about religious issues in advance constitute an invalid <a href="/wiki/Prior_restraint" title="Prior restraint">prior restraint</a>, violating the First Amendment. The Court reversed the 1948 conviction of <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a> minister Carl J. Kunz, who was found guilty of violating a <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> <a href="/wiki/Local_ordinance" title="Local ordinance">ordinance</a> required a permit from the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Commissioner" title="New York City Police Commissioner">police commissioner</a> to hold religious services on public streets. Although the ordinance did not specify grounds for refusing permission, Kunz was denied permits in 1947 and 1948 after being accused of making “scurrilous attacks” on Catholics and Jews under a previous permit. He was subsequently arrested for speaking without a permit in <a href="/wiki/Columbus_Circle" title="Columbus Circle">Columbus Circle</a>. </p><p>Kunz's conviction for violating the ordinance was upheld by the Appellate Part of the Court of Special Sessions and by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Court_of_Appeals" title="New York Court of Appeals">New York Court of Appeals</a>. However, the Supreme Court ultimately ruled that New York's ordinance was overly broad because it failed to provide any standards for administrators to determine who should receive permits to speak about religious issues. </p><p>In his dissenting opinion, Justice Robert Jackson argued that Kunz had used “<a href="/wiki/Fighting_words" title="Fighting words">fighting words</a>” that were not protected by the First Amendment (see unprotected speech). He also criticized the Court for striking down the permit scheme citing the recent case of <i><a href="/wiki/Feiner_v._New_York" title="Feiner v. New York">Feiner v. New York</a></i> (1951), in which the Court had allowed local officials the discretion to arrest volatile speakers during their presentations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunz_v._New_York&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clear_and_present_danger" title="Clear and present danger">Clear and present danger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imminent_lawless_action" title="Imminent lawless action">Imminent lawless action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_340" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 340">List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shouting_fire_in_a_crowded_theater" title="Shouting fire in a crowded theater">Shouting <i>fire</i> in a crowded theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threatening_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="Threatening the president of the United States">Threatening the president of the United States</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abrams_v._United_States" title="Abrams v. United States">Abrams v. United States</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_250" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 250">250</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/250/616/">616</a> (1919)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg_v._Ohio" title="Brandenburg v. Ohio">Brandenburg v. Ohio</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_395" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 395">395</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/395/444/">444</a> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chaplinsky_v._New_Hampshire" title="Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire">Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_315" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 315">315</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/315/568/">568</a> (1942)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feiner_v._New_York" title="Feiner v. New York">Feiner v. New York</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_340" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 340">340</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/340/315/">315</a> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hess_v._Indiana" title="Hess v. Indiana">Hess v. Indiana</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_414" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 414">414</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/414/105/">105</a> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Korematsu_v._United_States" title="Korematsu v. United States">Korematsu v. United States</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_323" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 323">323</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/323/214/">214</a> (1944)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masses_Publishing_Co._v._Patten" title="Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten">Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten</a></i>, (1917)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sacher_v._United_States" title="Sacher v. United States">Sacher v. United States</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_343" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 343">343</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/343/1/">1</a> (1952)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schenck_v._United_States" title="Schenck v. United States">Schenck v. United States</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_248" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 248">248</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/248/47/">47</a> (1919)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terminiello_v._Chicago" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminiello v. Chicago">Terminiello v. Chicago</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_337" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 337">337</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/337/1/">1</a> (1949)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whitney_v._California" title="Whitney v. California">Whitney v. California</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_274" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 274">274</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/274/357/">357</a> (1927)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunz_v._New_York&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Works related to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kunz_v._New_York" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Kunz v. 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New York</i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_340" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 340">340</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> 290 (1951) is available from: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/104843/kunz-v-new-york/">CourtListener</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=9105752986676100521">Google Scholar</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/340/290/case.html">Justia</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdn.loc.gov/service/ll/usrep/usrep340/usrep340290/usrep340290.pdf">Library of Congress</a> </li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kunz_v._New_York&oldid=1238676894">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kunz_v._New_York&oldid=1238676894</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Supreme_Court_cases" title="Category:United States Supreme Court cases">United States Supreme Court cases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Supreme_Court_cases_of_the_Vinson_Court" title="Category:United States Supreme Court cases of the Vinson Court">United States Supreme Court cases of the Vinson Court</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Free_Speech_Clause_case_law" title="Category:United States Free Speech Clause case law">United States Free Speech Clause case law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1951_in_United_States_case_law" title="Category:1951 in United States case law">1951 in United States case law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_equal_protection_case_law" title="Category:United States equal protection case law">United States equal protection case law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Baptist_Christianity_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:Baptist Christianity in New York (state)">Baptist Christianity in New York (state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Columbus_Circle" title="Category:Columbus Circle">Columbus Circle</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Antisemitism_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:Antisemitism in New York (state)">Antisemitism in New York (state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-Catholicism_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Anti-Catholicism in the United States">Anti-Catholicism in the United States</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2023" title="Category:Use mdy dates from September 2023">Use mdy dates from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 August 2024, at 03:30<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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