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R</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Rahul Ravi R"> <meta name="keywords" content="Rahul Ravi R"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Rahul Ravi R"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 214</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Rahul Ravi R</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">214</span> Effect of Bull Exposure on Post-Partum Estrus Interval in Nili-Ravi Buffaloes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Saleem%20Akhtar">Muhammad Saleem Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mushtaq%20Hussain%20Lashari"> Mushtaq Hussain Lashari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ejaz%20Ahmad"> Ejaz Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanveer%20Ahmad"> Tanveer Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laeeq%20Akbar%20Lodhi"> Laeeq Akbar Lodhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ijaz%20Ahmad"> Ijaz Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20Akhtar"> Masood Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to determine the effect of bull exposure continuously or intermittently or its excretory products after calving on postpartum interval to estrus, in Nili-Ravi buffalo. Forty-eight buffaloes of Nili-Ravi breed were allocated one of the four treatments in a totally randomized plan using a 4 x 1 factorial design. The four treatment groups were BEC (Bull Exposed Continuously), BEI (Bull Exposed Intermittently), EPB (Excretory Products of Bull) and BNE (Bull Not Exposed). BEC; buffaloes (n = 12) were exposed continuously to the physical presence of a bull whereas in BEI; buffaloes (n = 12) were exposed intermittently to the physical presence of bull. EPB; buffaloes (n = 12) were exposed to discharge waste (urine and feces) of bull and BNE buffaloes (n = 12) were not exposed to a bull or discharge waste of bulls. Buffaloes were exposed on day 15 after parturition. Day 15 postpartum represented d 0 for each treatment. The postpartum interval from calving to first behavioural estrus was 66.88 days in BEC, 75.12 days in BEI, 77.28 days in EPB and 76.5 days in BNE treatments. Postpartum interval to first behavioural estrus was shorter in BEC than BEI, EPB, and BNE treatments. There was no significant difference in postpartum interval to estrus between BEI, EPB and BNE treatments. In present study, the percentage of buffaloes showing estrus during experimental period was 75.0%, 66.66%, 66.66% and 58.33% in BEC, BEI, EPB and BNE treatments, respectively. The mean serum progesterone concentration did not differ significantly between BEC and other (BEI, EPB, and BNE) treatments. It was concluded that presence of bull has positive effect in reducing calving interval in Nili Ravi buffalo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calving%20interval" title="calving interval">calving interval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biostimulation" title=" biostimulation"> biostimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffalo" title=" buffalo"> buffalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bull%20exposure" title=" bull exposure"> bull exposure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100620/effect-of-bull-exposure-on-post-partum-estrus-interval-in-nili-ravi-buffaloes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">213</span> Effect of Varying Levels of Concentrate Ration on the Performance of Nili-Ravi Buffalo Heifer Calves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20M.%20Iqbal">Z. M. Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdullah"> M. Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Javed"> K. Javed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Jabbar"> M. A. Jabbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Haque"> A. Haque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Saadullah"> M. Saadullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Shahzad"> F. Shahzad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study was conducted to set the appropriate concentrate level for Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers. Twenty seven buffalo heifers were randomly divided into three different groups A, B and C having nine animals in each group. All the heifers were given free access to chopped green fodder and fresh water. In addition, heifers of group A, B and C were given concentrate at the rate of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% of their body weight. The average daily dry matter intake was 2.69, 3.06 and 3.83 kg with average daily gain of 456.09, 398.56 and 515.87 gm in group A, B and C, respectively. The feed conversion ratio of heifers of these groups was 5.89, 7.74 and 7.52, respectively. There was non-significant (P>0.05) difference in the body measurements (height at wither, body length and heart girth), final body condition and scoring and blood serum (glucose, total protein and cholesterol) of heifers of all the three groups. The results of current study shows that there is non-significant (P>0.05) difference in the growth rate of Nili-Ravi heifers at varying levels of concentrate so, it is cost effective to raise 6-8 month calves by offering concentrate at the rate of 0.5% body weight along with free access of green fodder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentrate%20level" title="concentrate level">concentrate level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffalo%20heifer" title=" buffalo heifer"> buffalo heifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20measurement" title=" body measurement"> body measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20fodder" title=" green fodder "> green fodder </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5540/effect-of-varying-levels-of-concentrate-ration-on-the-performance-of-nili-ravi-buffalo-heifer-calves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">212</span> Quantification of River Ravi Pollution and Oxidation Pond Treatment to Improve the Drain Water Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusra%20Mahfooz">Yusra Mahfooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleha%20Mehmood"> Saleha Mehmood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With increase in industrialization and urbanization, water contaminating rivers through effluents laden with diverse chemicals in developing countries. The study was based on the waste water quality of the four drains (Outfall, Gulshan -e- Ravi, Hudiara, and Babu Sabu) which enter into river Ravi in Lahore, Pakistan. Different pollution parameters were analyzed including pH, DO, BOD, COD, turbidity, EC, TSS, nitrates, phosphates, sulfates and fecal coliform. Approximately all the water parameters of drains were exceeded the permissible level of wastewater standards. In calculation of pollution load, Hudiara drains showed highest pollution load in terms of COD i.e. 429.86 tons/day while in Babu Sabu drain highest pollution load was calculated in terms of BOD i.e. 162.82 tons/day (due to industrial and sewage discharge in it). Lab scale treatment (oxidation ponds) was designed in order to treat the waste water of Babu Sabu drain, through combination of different algae species i.e. chaetomorphasutoria, sirogoniumsticticum and zygnema sp. Two different sizes of ponds (horizontal and vertical), and three different concentration of algal samples (25g/3L, 50g/3L, and 75g/3L) were selected. After 6 days of treatment, 80 to 97% removal efficiency was found in the pollution parameters. It was observed that in the vertical pond, maximum reduction achieved i.e. turbidity 62.12%, EC 79.3%, BOD 86.6%, COD 79.72%, FC 100%, nitrates 89.6%, sulphates 96.9% and phosphates 85.3%. While in the horizontal pond, the maximum reduction in pollutant parameters, turbidity 69.79%, EC 83%, BOD 88.5%, COD 83.01%, FC 100%, nitrates 89.8%, sulphates 97% and phosphates 86.3% was observed. Overall treatment showed that maximum reduction was carried out in 50g algae setup in the horizontal pond due to large surface area, after 6 days of treatment. Results concluded that algae-based treatment are most energy efficient, which can improve drains water quality in cost effective manners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation%20pond" title="oxidation pond">oxidation pond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ravi%20pollution" title=" ravi pollution"> ravi pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20water%20quality" title=" river water quality"> river water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61616/quantification-of-river-ravi-pollution-and-oxidation-pond-treatment-to-improve-the-drain-water-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">211</span> Experimental Investigation on the Role of Thermoacoustics on Soot Formation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sambit%20Supriya%20Dash">Sambit Supriya Dash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Ravi%20R"> Rahul Ravi R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikram%20Ramanan"> Vikram Ramanan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinayak%20Malhotra"> Vinayak Malhotra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Combustion in itself is a complex phenomenon that involves the interaction and interplay of multiple phenomena, the combined effect of which gives rise to the common flame that we see and use in our daily life applications from cooking to propelling our vehicles to space. The most important thing that goes unnoticed about these flames is the effect of the various phenomena from its surrounding environment that affects its behavior and properties. These phenomena cause a variety of energy interactions that lead to various types of energy transformations which in turn affect the flame behavior. This paper focuses on experimentally investigating the effect of one such phenomenon, which is the acoustics or sound energy on diffusion flames. The subject in itself is extensively studied upon as thermo-acoustics globally, whereas the current work focuses on studying its effect on soot formation on diffusion flames. The said effect is studied in this research work by the use of a butane as fuel, fitted with a nozzle that houses 3 arrays consisting of 4 holes each that are placed equidistant to each other and the resulting flame impinged with sound from two independent and similar sound sources that are placed equidistant from the centre of the flame. The entire process is systematically video graphed using a 60 fps regular CCD and analysed for variation in flame heights and flickering frequencies where the fuel mass flow rate is maintained constant and the configuration of entrainment holes and frequency of sound are varied, whilst maintaining constant ambient atmospheric conditions. The current work establishes significant outcomes on the effect of acoustics on soot formation; it is noteworthy that soot formation is the main cause of pollution and a major cause of inefficiency of current propulsion systems. This work is one of its kinds, and its outcomes are widely applicable to commercial and domestic appliances that utilize combustion for energy generation or propulsion and help us understand them better, so that we can increase their efficiency and decrease pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoacoustics" title="thermoacoustics">thermoacoustics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrainment" title=" entrainment"> entrainment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propulsion%20system" title=" propulsion system"> propulsion system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95303/experimental-investigation-on-the-role-of-thermoacoustics-on-soot-formation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">210</span> Efficiency of Microbial Metabolites on Quality Milk Production in Nili Ravi Breed of Buffalos</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Ur%20Rahman">Sajjad Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Tahir"> Muhammad Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukarram%20Bashir"> Mukarram Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawad"> Jawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aoun%20Muhammad"> Aoun Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zohaib"> Muhammad Zohaib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Khan"> Hannan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seemal%20Javaid"> Seemal Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Azam"> Mariam Azam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficiency of natural metabolites obtained from partially fermented soya hulls and wheat bran using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) ensures a potential impact on the total milk yield and quality of milk production. On attaining a moderate number of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells around 1×10⁹ CFU/ml, the concentrate was further elevated under in-vivo conditions to study the quality of milk production in lactating buffalo. Ten lactating buffalos of the Nili Ravi breed having the same physical factors were given 12 gm of microbial metabolites daily, along with the palleted feed having 22 % proteins. Another group of 10 lactating animals with the same characteristics was maintained without metabolites. The body score, overall health, incidence of mastitis, milk fat, milk proteins, ash and solid not fat (SNF) were elevated on a weekly basis up to thirty days of trial. It was recorded that the average total increase in quality milk production was 0.9 liter/h/d, whereas SNF in the milk was enhanced to 0.71, and fats were decreased to 0.09 %. Moreover, during all periods of the trial, the overall non-specific immunity of buffalo was increased, as indicated by less than 0.2 % of mastitis incidence compared to 1.8% in the untreated buffalos. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20metabolites" title="natural metabolites">natural metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20milk" title=" quality milk"> quality milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk%20yield" title=" milk yield"> milk yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonspecific%20immunity" title=" nonspecific immunity"> nonspecific immunity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=better%20performing%20animals" title=" better performing animals"> better performing animals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164255/efficiency-of-microbial-metabolites-on-quality-milk-production-in-nili-ravi-breed-of-buffalos" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">209</span> Fish Scales as a Nonlethal Screening Tools for Assessing the Effects of Surface Water Contaminants in Cyprinus Carpio</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Mahboob">Shahid Mahboob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Muhammad%20Ashraf"> Hafiz Muhammad Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Sultana"> Salma Sultana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayyaba%20Sultana"> Tayyaba Sultana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Al-Ghanim"> Khalid Al-Ghanim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahid%20Al-Misned"> Fahid Al-Misned</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Ahmedd"> Zubair Ahmedd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an increasing need for an effective tool to estimate the risks derived from the large number of pollutants released to the environment by human activities. Typical screening procedures are highly invasive or lethal to the fish. Recent studies show that fish scales biochemically respond to a range of contaminants, including toxic metals, organic compounds, and endocrine disruptors. The present study evaluated the effects of the surface water contaminants on Cyprinus carpio in the Ravi River by comparing DNA extracted non-lethally from their scales to DNA extracted from the scales of fish collected from a controlled fish farm. A single, random sampling was conducted. Fish were broadly categorised into three weight categories (W1, W2 and W3). The experimental samples in the W1, W2 and W3 categories had an average DNA concentration (µg/µl) that was lower than the control samples. All control samples had a single DNA band; whereas the experimental samples in W1 fish had 1 to 2 bands, the experimental samples in W2 fish had two bands and the experimental samples in W3 fish had fragmentation in the form of three bands. These bands exhibit the effects of pollution on fish in the Ravi River. On the basis findings of this study, we propose that fish scales can be successfully employed as a new non-lethal tool for the evaluation of the effect of surface water contaminants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20scales" title="fish scales">fish scales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cyprinus%20carpio" title=" Cyprinus carpio"> Cyprinus carpio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-invasive" title=" non-invasive"> non-invasive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20fragmentation" title=" DNA fragmentation"> DNA fragmentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28624/fish-scales-as-a-nonlethal-screening-tools-for-assessing-the-effects-of-surface-water-contaminants-in-cyprinus-carpio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">208</span> Design and Simulation of All Optical Fiber to the Home Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Malhotra">Rahul Malhotra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber based access networks can deliver performance that can support the increasing demands for high speed connections. One of the new technologies that have emerged in recent years is Passive Optical Networks. This paper is targeted to show the simultaneous delivery of triple play service (data, voice and video). The comparative investigation and suitability of various data rates is presented. It is demonstrated that as we increase the data rate, number of users to be accommodated decreases due to increase in bit error rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title="BER">BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PON" title=" PON"> PON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TDMPON" title=" TDMPON"> TDMPON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPON" title=" GPON"> GPON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CWDM" title=" CWDM"> CWDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OLT" title=" OLT"> OLT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ONT" title=" ONT"> ONT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34879/design-and-simulation-of-all-optical-fiber-to-the-home-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">207</span> Analysis of Delivery of Quad Play Services </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Malhotra">Rahul Malhotra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anurag%20Sharma"> Anurag Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber based access networks can deliver performance that can support the increasing demands for high speed connections. One of the new technologies that have emerged in recent years is Passive Optical Networks. This paper is targeted to show the simultaneous delivery of triple play service (data, voice, and video). The comparative investigation and suitability of various data rates is presented. It is demonstrated that as we increase the data rate, number of users to be accommodated decreases due to increase in bit error rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTTH" title="FTTH">FTTH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quad%20play" title=" quad play"> quad play</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=play%20service" title=" play service"> play service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20networks" title=" access networks"> access networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20rate" title=" data rate"> data rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14687/analysis-of-delivery-of-quad-play-services" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">206</span> Investigation of Delivery of Triple Play Service in GE-PON Fiber to the Home Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anurag%20Sharma">Anurag Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinesh%20Kumar"> Dinesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Malhotra"> Rahul Malhotra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20Kumar"> Manoj Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber based access networks can deliver performance that can support the increasing demands for high speed connections. One of the new technologies that have emerged in recent years is Passive Optical Networks. This paper is targeted to show the simultaneous delivery of triple play service (data, voice and video). The comparative investigation and suitability of various data rates is presented. It is demonstrated that as we increase the data rate, number of users to be accommodated decreases due to increase in bit error rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title="BER">BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PON" title=" PON"> PON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TDMPON" title=" TDMPON"> TDMPON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPON" title=" GPON"> GPON</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CWDM" title=" CWDM"> CWDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OLT" title=" OLT"> OLT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ONT" title=" ONT"> ONT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4036/investigation-of-delivery-of-triple-play-service-in-ge-pon-fiber-to-the-home-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">734</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">205</span> Performance Improvement of UWB Corrugated Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna Using Spiral Shape Negative Index Metamaterial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Singha">Rahul Singha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Vakula"> D. Vakula</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a corrugated antipodal vivaldi antenna with improved performance by using negative index metamaterial (NIM) of the Archimedean spiral design. A single layer NIM piece is placed perpendicular middle of the two arm of the proposed antenna. The antenna size is 30×60×0.787 mm3 operating at 8GHz. The simulated results of NIM corrugated antipodal vivaldi antenna show that the gain and directivity has increased up to 1.2dB and 1dB respectively. The HPBW is increased by 90 with the reﬂection coeﬃcient less than ‒10 dB from 4.7 GHz to 11 GHz for UWB application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negative%20Index%20Metamaterial%20%28NIM%29" title="Negative Index Metamaterial (NIM)">Negative Index Metamaterial (NIM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ultra%20Wide%20Band%20%28UWB%29" title=" Ultra Wide Band (UWB)"> Ultra Wide Band (UWB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Half%20Power%20Beam%20Width%20%28HPBW%29" title=" Half Power Beam Width (HPBW)"> Half Power Beam Width (HPBW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vivaldi%20antenna" title=" vivaldi antenna"> vivaldi antenna</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15963/performance-improvement-of-uwb-corrugated-antipodal-vivaldi-antenna-using-spiral-shape-negative-index-metamaterial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">624</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">204</span> Performance Analysis of Next Generation OCDM-RoF-Based Hybrid Network under Diverse Conditions </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anurag%20Sharma">Anurag Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Malhotra"> Rahul Malhotra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Love%20Kumar"> Love Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harjit%20Pal%20Singh"> Harjit Pal Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper demonstrates OCDM-ROF based hybrid architecture where data/voice communication is enabled via a permutation of Optical Code Division Multiplexing (OCDM) and Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) techniques under various diverse conditions. OCDM-RoF hybrid network of 16 users with DPSK modulation format has been designed and performance of proposed network is analyzed for 100, 150, and 200 km fiber span length under the influence of linear and nonlinear effect. It has been reported that Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) has the least effect while other nonlinearity affects the performance of proposed network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCDM" title="OCDM">OCDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RoF" title=" RoF"> RoF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPSK" title=" DPSK"> DPSK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMD" title=" PMD"> PMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye%20diagram" title=" eye diagram"> eye diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BER" title=" BER"> BER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q%20factor" title=" Q factor"> Q factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16352/performance-analysis-of-next-generation-ocdm-rof-based-hybrid-network-under-diverse-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">638</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">203</span> Design and Optimization of Composite Canopy Structure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prakash%20Kattire">Prakash Kattire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Pathare"> Rahul Pathare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nilesh%20Tawde"> Nilesh Tawde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A canopy is an overhead roof structure generally used at the entrance of a building to provide shelter from rain and sun and may also be used for decorative purposes. In this paper, the canopy structure to cover the conveyor line has been studied. Existing most of the canopy structures are made of steel and glass, which makes a heavier structure, so the purpose of this study is to weight and cost optimization of the canopy. To achieve this goal, the materials of construction considered are Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) natural composite, Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP), and Structural steel Fe250. Designing and modeling were done in Solid works, whereas Altair Inspire software was used for the optimization of the structure. Through this study, it was found that there is a total 10% weight reduction in the structure with sufficient reserve for structural strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canopy" title="canopy">canopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title=" composite"> composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRP" title=" FRP"> FRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVC" title=" PVC"> PVC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167283/design-and-optimization-of-composite-canopy-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">202</span> Thermal Contact Resistance of Nanoscale Rough Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Prasher">Ravi Prasher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In nanostructured material thermal transport is dominated by contact resistance. Theoretical models describing thermal transport at interfaces assume perfectly flat surface whereas in reality surfaces can be rough with roughness ranging from sub-nanoscale dimension to micron scale. Here we introduce a model which includes both nanoscale contact mechanics and nanoscale heat transfer for rough nanoscale surfaces. This comprehensive model accounts for the effect of phonon acoustic mismatch, mechanical properties, chemical properties and randomness of the rough surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion%20and%20contact%20resistance" title="adhesion and contact resistance">adhesion and contact resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaptiza%20resistance%20of%20rough%20surfaces" title=" Kaptiza resistance of rough surfaces"> Kaptiza resistance of rough surfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoscale%20thermal%20transport" title=" nanoscale thermal transport"> nanoscale thermal transport</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58637/thermal-contact-resistance-of-nanoscale-rough-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">201</span> The Effect of Heat Stress on the Gastro-Intestinal Microbiota of Pigs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yadnyavalkya%20Patil">Yadnyavalkya Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Gooneratne"> Ravi Gooneratne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiang-Hong%20Ju"> Xiang-Hong Ju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat stress (HS) negatively affects the physiology of pigs. In this study, 6 pigs will be subjected to temperatures of 35 ± 2℃ for 12 hrs/day for a duration of 21 days. The changes in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota will be observed by analyzing the freshly collected faeces on days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21. The changes will be compared to faeces from a set of 6 control pigs kept simultaneously at temperatures of 26 ± 2℃ for the same duration of 21 days. Different types of stresses such a weaning have a detrimental effect on GIT microflora. Similarly, HS is expected to have a harmful effect on the microbial diversity of the GIT. How these changes affect the immune system of the pigs will be studied and therapeutics to reduce the negative effects of HS will be developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIT%20microbiota" title="GIT microbiota">GIT microbiota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20stress" title=" heat stress"> heat stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immune%20system" title=" immune system"> immune system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=therapeutics" title=" therapeutics"> therapeutics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93443/the-effect-of-heat-stress-on-the-gastro-intestinal-microbiota-of-pigs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">200</span> Smart Helmet for Two-Wheelers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Nandu">Ravi Nandu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuldeep%20Singh"> Kuldeep Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A helmet is a protective layer that is worn in order to prevent head injury. Helmet is the most important safety gear for two wheeler riders. However, due to carelessness of people, less importance toward safety, lot of causalities is every year. According to National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) two wheelers claimed 92 lives every day out of which most were due to helmetless drive. The system design will be such that without wearing the helmet the rider cannot start two wheelers. The helmet will be connected to vehicle key ignition systems which will be electronically controlled. The smart helmet will be having proximity sensor fitted inside it, which will act as our switch for ignition and further with wireless connection the helmet sensor circuit will be connected to the vehicle ignition system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helmet" title="helmet">helmet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximity%20sensor" title=" proximity sensor"> proximity sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcontroller" title=" microcontroller"> microcontroller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=head%20injury" title=" head injury "> head injury </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16256/smart-helmet-for-two-wheelers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">199</span> Axiomatic Design of Laser Beam Machining Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikhil%20Deshpande">Nikhil Deshpande</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Mahajan"> Rahul Mahajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laser Beam Machining (LBM) is a non-traditional machining process that has inherent problems like dross, striation, and Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) which reduce the quality of machining. In the present day scenario, these problems are controlled only by iteratively adjusting a large number of process parameters. This paper applies Axiomatic Design principles to design LBM process so as to eliminate the problem of dross and striation and minimize the effect of HAZ. Process parameters and their ranges are proposed to set-up the LBM process, execute the cut and finish the workpiece so as to obtain the best quality cut. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20beam%20machining" title="laser beam machining">laser beam machining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dross" title=" dross"> dross</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=striation" title=" striation"> striation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20affected%20zone" title=" heat affected zone"> heat affected zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axiomatic%20design" title=" axiomatic design"> axiomatic design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64156/axiomatic-design-of-laser-beam-machining-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> A Simulation-Based Investigation of the Smooth-Wall, Radial Gravity Problem of Granular Flow through a Wedge-Shaped Hopper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20F.%20Momin">A. F. Momin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20V.%20Khakhar"> D. V. Khakhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Granular materials consist of particulate particles found in nature and various industries that, due to gravity flow, behave macroscopically like liquids. A fundamental industrial unit operation is a hopper with inclined walls or a converging channel in which material flows downward under gravity and exits the storage bin through the bottom outlet. The simplest form of the flow corresponds to a wedge-shaped, quasi-two-dimensional geometry with smooth walls and radially directed gravitational force toward the apex of the wedge. These flows were examined using the Mohr-Coulomb criterion in the classic work of Savage (1965), while Ravi Prakash and Rao used the critical state theory (1988). The smooth-wall radial gravity (SWRG) wedge-shaped hopper is simulated using the discrete element method (DEM) to test existing theories. DEM simulations involve the solution of Newton's equations, taking particle-particle interactions into account to compute stress and velocity fields for the flow in the SWRG system. Our computational results are consistent with the predictions of Savage (1965) and Ravi Prakash and Rao (1988), except for the region near the exit, where both viscous and frictional effects are present. To further comprehend this behaviour, a parametric analysis is carried out to analyze the rheology of wedge-shaped hoppers by varying the orifice diameter, wedge angle, friction coefficient, and stiffness. The conclusion is that velocity increases as the flow rate increases but decreases as the wedge angle and friction coefficient increase. We observed no substantial changes in velocity due to varying stiffness. It is anticipated that stresses at the exit result from the transfer of momentum during particle collisions; for this reason, relationships between viscosity and shear rate are shown, and all data are collapsed into a single curve. In addition, it is demonstrated that viscosity and volume fraction exhibit power law correlations with the inertial number and that all the data collapse into a single curve. A continuum model for determining granular flows is presented using empirical correlations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title="discrete element method">discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20flow" title=" gravity flow"> gravity flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smooth-wall" title=" smooth-wall"> smooth-wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedge-shaped%20hoppers" title=" wedge-shaped hoppers"> wedge-shaped hoppers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160087/a-simulation-based-investigation-of-the-smooth-wall-radial-gravity-problem-of-granular-flow-through-a-wedge-shaped-hopper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Frequent Item Set Mining for Big Data Using MapReduce Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamanna%20Jethava">Tamanna Jethava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Joshi"> Rahul Joshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frequent Item sets play an essential role in many data Mining tasks that try to find interesting patterns from the database. Typically it refers to a set of items that frequently appear together in transaction dataset. There are several mining algorithm being used for frequent item set mining, yet most do not scale to the type of data we presented with today, so called “BIG DATA”. Big Data is a collection of large data sets. Our approach is to work on the frequent item set mining over the large dataset with scalable and speedy way. Big Data basically works with Map Reduce along with HDFS is used to find out frequent item sets from Big Data on large cluster. This paper focuses on using pre-processing & mining algorithm as hybrid approach for big data over Hadoop platform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequent%20item%20set%20mining" title="frequent item set mining">frequent item set mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data" title=" big data"> big data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadoop" title=" Hadoop"> Hadoop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MapReduce" title=" MapReduce"> MapReduce</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49592/frequent-item-set-mining-for-big-data-using-mapreduce-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> A Quadratic Approach for Generating Pythagorean Triples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20K.%20Rahul%20Krishna">P. K. Rahul Krishna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sandeep%20Kumar"> S. Sandeep Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayanthi%20Sunder%20Raj"> Jayanthi Sunder Raj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article explores one of the important relations between numbers-the Pythagorean triples (triplets) which finds its application in distance measurement, construction of roads, towers, buildings and wherever Pythagoras theorem finds its application. The Pythagorean triples are numbers, that satisfy the condition “In a given set of three natural numbers, the sum of squares of two natural numbers is equal to the square of the other natural number”. There are numerous methods and equations to obtain the triplets, which have their own merits and demerits. Here, quadratic approach for generating triples uses the hypotenuse leg difference method. The advantage is that variables are few and finally only three independent variables are present. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arithmetic%20progression" title="arithmetic progression">arithmetic progression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypotenuse%20leg%20difference%20method" title=" hypotenuse leg difference method"> hypotenuse leg difference method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20numbers" title=" natural numbers"> natural numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pythagorean%20triplets" title=" Pythagorean triplets"> Pythagorean triplets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadratic%20equation" title=" quadratic equation"> quadratic equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61275/a-quadratic-approach-for-generating-pythagorean-triples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> Internet of Things based AquaSwach Water Purifier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karthiyayini%20J.">Karthiyayini J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arpita%20Chowdary%20Vantipalli"> Arpita Chowdary Vantipalli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darshana%20Sailu%20Tanti"> Darshana Sailu Tanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malvika%20Ravi%20Kudari"> Malvika Ravi Kudari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krtin%20Kannan"> Krtin Kannan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is propelled from the generally existing undertaking of the smart water quality management, which addresses an IoT (Internet of things) based brilliant water quality observing (SWQM) framework which we call it AquaSwach that guides in the ceaseless estimation of water conditions dependent on five actual boundaries i.e., temperature, pH, electric conductivity and turbidity properties and water virtue estimation each time you drink water. Six sensors relate to Arduino-Mega in a discrete way to detect the water parameters. Extracted data from the sensors are transmitted to a desktop application developed in the NET platform and compared with the WHO (World Health Organization) standard values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AquaSwach" title="AquaSwach">AquaSwach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WHO" title=" WHO"> WHO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144659/internet-of-things-based-aquaswach-water-purifier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Substituted Pyrimidine Derivative Containing Thiol Group</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shradha%20S.%20Binani">Shradha S. Binani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravin%20S.%20Bodke"> Pravin S. Bodke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20V.%20Joat"> Ravi V. Joat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An efficient method has been described for the synthesis of 6-(substituted aryl)-4-(2'- hydroxy-5'-chlorophenyl)-1, 6-dihydropyrimidine-2-thiol, as a beneficial antibacterial and antifungal agents. The diketones of title compounds were synthesized in four steps and subsequently these diketones were further reacted with thiourea in the presence of DMF, which led to the formation of dihydropyrimidine derivatives 5 (a-f). Compounds 5 (a-f) were screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity by agar well method. Compounds 5b, 5c, 5e, and 5f were exhibited significant antimicrobial potential against tested strains at 50ug/ml and 100ug/ml concentrations. Six novel dihydropyrimidine analogues have been synthesized, characterized and found to be promising antibacterial and antifungal agents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diketones" title="diketones">diketones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dihyropyrimidine" title=" dihyropyrimidine"> dihyropyrimidine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title=" antimicrobial activity"> antimicrobial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiol%20group" title=" thiol group"> thiol group</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23800/synthesis-and-pharmacological-evaluation-of-substituted-pyrimidine-derivative-containing-thiol-group" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Software Cloning and Agile Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Kumar">Ravi Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhrubajit%20Barman"> Dhrubajit Barman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nomi%20Baruah"> Nomi Baruah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Software Cloning has grown an active area in software engineering research community yielding numerous techniques, various tools and other methods for clone detection and removal. The copying, modifying a block of code is identified as cloning as it is the most basic means of software reuse. Agile Software Development is an approach which is currently being used in various software projects, so that it helps to respond the unpredictability of building software through incremental, iterative, work cadences. Software Cloning has been introduced to Agile Environment and many Agile Software Development approaches are using the concept of Software Cloning. This paper discusses the various Agile Software Development approaches. It also discusses the degree to which the Software Cloning concept is being introduced in the Agile Software Development approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20environment" title="agile environment">agile environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refactoring" title=" refactoring"> refactoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reuse" title=" reuse"> reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20cloning" title=" software cloning"> software cloning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16005/software-cloning-and-agile-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">531</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> Automatic Segmentation of Lung Pleura Based On Curvature Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasidhar%20B.">Sasidhar B.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhaskar%20Rao%20N."> Bhaskar Rao N.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramesh%20Babu%20D.%20R."> Ramesh Babu D. R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Shankar%20M."> Ravi Shankar M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Segmentation of lung pleura is a preprocessing step in Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) which helps in reducing false positives in detection of lung cancer. The existing methods fail in extraction of lung regions with the nodules at the pleura of the lungs. In this paper, a new method is proposed which segments lung regions with nodules at the pleura of the lungs based on curvature analysis and morphological operators. The proposed algorithm is tested on 06 patient’s dataset which consists of 60 images of Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) and the results are found to be satisfactory with 98.3% average overlap measure (AΩ). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curvature%20analysis" title="curvature analysis">curvature analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20segmentation" title=" image segmentation"> image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20operators" title=" morphological operators"> morphological operators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thresholding" title=" thresholding"> thresholding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20846/automatic-segmentation-of-lung-pleura-based-on-curvature-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">596</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> Optimum Flight Altitude</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Nandu">Ravi Nandu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anmol%20Taploo"> Anmol Taploo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As per current scenario, commercial aircrafts have been very well functioning with higher efficiency, but there is something that affects it. Every aircraft runs with the combustion produced by mixture of fuel and air. For example: A flight to travel from Mumbai to Kolkata it takes 2h: 30 min and from Kolkata to Mumbai it takes 2h: 45 min. It happens due to head and tail wind. Due to head wind air craft travels faster than its usual velocity and it takes 2h: 30 min to reach to Kolkata, while it takes 2h;45min vis versa. This lag in time is caused due to head wind that increases the drag and reduces the relative velocity of the plane. So in order to reduce this wastage of fuel there is an optimal flight altitude at which the head and tail wind action is reduced compared to the present scenario. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drag" title="drag">drag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=head%20wind" title=" head wind"> head wind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tail%20wind" title=" tail wind"> tail wind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aircraft" title=" aircraft"> aircraft</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16394/optimum-flight-altitude" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy Analysis on Transformer Oil by Correlating It with Various Oil Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajnish%20Shrivastava">Rajnish Shrivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20R.%20Sood"> Y. R. Sood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priti%20Pundir"> Priti Pundir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Srivastava"> Rahul Srivastava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Power transformer is one of the most important devices that are used in power station. Due to several fault impending upon it or due to ageing, etc its life gets lowered. So, it becomes necessary to have diagnosis of oil for fault analysis. Due to the chemical, electrical, thermal and mechanical stress the insulating material in the power transformer degraded. It is important to regularly assess the condition of oil and the remaining life of the power transformer. In this paper UV-VIS absorption graph area is correlated with moisture content, Flash point, IFT and Density of Transformer oil. Since UV-VIS absorption graph area varies accordingly with the variation in different transformer parameters. So by obtaining the correlation among different oil parameters for oil with respect to UV-VIS absorption area, decay contents of transformer oil can be predicted <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breakdown%20voltage%20%28BDV%29" title="breakdown voltage (BDV)">breakdown voltage (BDV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20Tension%20%28IFT%29" title=" interfacial Tension (IFT)"> interfacial Tension (IFT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20content" title=" moisture content"> moisture content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra%20violet-visible%20rays%20spectroscopy%20%28UV-VIS%29" title=" ultra violet-visible rays spectroscopy (UV-VIS)"> ultra violet-visible rays spectroscopy (UV-VIS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27975/ultraviolet-visible-spectroscopy-analysis-on-transformer-oil-by-correlating-it-with-various-oil-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27975.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">642</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> A Hybrid Method for Determination of Effective Poles Using Clustering Dominant Pole Algorithm </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuj%20Abraham">Anuj Abraham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Pappa"> N. Pappa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Honc"> Daniel Honc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Sharma"> Rahul Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an analysis of some model order reduction techniques is presented. A new hybrid algorithm for model order reduction of linear time invariant systems is compared with the conventional techniques namely Balanced Truncation, Hankel Norm reduction and Dominant Pole Algorithm (DPA). The proposed hybrid algorithm is known as Clustering Dominant Pole Algorithm (CDPA) is able to compute the full set of dominant poles and its cluster center efficiently. The dominant poles of a transfer function are specific eigenvalues of the state space matrix of the corresponding dynamical system. The effectiveness of this novel technique is shown through the simulation results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balanced%20truncation" title="balanced truncation">balanced truncation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dominant%20pole" title=" dominant pole"> dominant pole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hankel%20norm" title=" Hankel norm"> Hankel norm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20reduction" title=" model reduction"> model reduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17480/a-hybrid-method-for-determination-of-effective-poles-using-clustering-dominant-pole-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17480.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">599</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">188</span> An Investigation of New Phase Diagram of Ag2SO4-CaSO4</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20V.%20Joat">Ravi V. Joat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pravin%20S.%20Bodke"> Pravin S. Bodke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shradha%20S.%20Binani"> Shradha S. Binani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Wasnik"> S. S. Wasnik </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A phase diagram of the Ag2SO4 - CaSO4 (Silver sulphate – Calcium Sulphate) binaries system using conductivity, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction Technique) and DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis) data is constructed. The eutectic reaction (liquid -» a-Ag2SO4 + CaSO4) is observed at 10 mole% CaSO4 and 645°C. Room temperature solid solubility limit up to 5.27 mole % of Ca 2+ in Ag2SO4 is set using X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results. All compositions beyond this limit are two-phase mixtures below and above the transition temperature (≈ 416°C). The bulk conductivity, obtained following complex impedance spectroscopy, is found decreasing with increase in CaSO4 content. Amongst other binary compositions, the 80AgSO4-20CaSO4 gave improved sinterability/packing density. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20diagram" title="phase diagram">phase diagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ag2SO4-CaSO4%20binaries%20system" title=" Ag2SO4-CaSO4 binaries system"> Ag2SO4-CaSO4 binaries system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity" title=" conductivity"> conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XRD" title=" XRD"> XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DTA" title=" DTA"> DTA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9345/an-investigation-of-new-phase-diagram-of-ag2so4-caso4" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">626</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">187</span> Evaluation of the Nutritional Potential of a Developed Spice Formulation for nah poh (An Emulsion-Based Gravy): Physicochemical and Techno-Functional Characterisations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djiazet%20St%C3%A8ve">Djiazet Stève</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mezajoug%20Kenfack%20Laurette%20Blandine"> Mezajoug Kenfack Laurette Blandine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Pullakhandam"> Ravi Pullakhandam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bethala%20L.%20A.%20Prabhavathi%20Devi"> Bethala L. A. Prabhavathi Devi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tchiegang%20Clerg%C3%A9"> Tchiegang Clergé</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prathapkumar%20Halady%20Shetty"> Prathapkumar Halady Shetty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nutritional potential of a developed spice formulation for nah poh was evaluated. It was found that when spices were used for the formulation for nah poh, the concentration of some nutrients is diluted while that of some of them increases. The proportion of unsaturated fats was estimated to be 76.2% of the total fat content while the chemical score varied between 31 to 39%. The contents of some essential minerals of nutritional interest in mg are as follows for 100g of spice: 2372.474 ± 0.007 for potassium, 16.447 ± 0.010 for iron, 4.772 ± 0.005 for zinc, 0.537 ± 0.001 for cupper, 0.138 ± 0.005 for selenium, and 112.954 ± 0.003 for manganese. This study shows that the consumption of these spices in the form of formulation significantly contributes to meet the mineral requirements of the populations whose food habits regularly require these spices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spice%20formulation" title="spice formulation">spice formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterisation" title=" characterisation"> characterisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20potential" title=" nutritional potential"> nutritional potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nah%20poh" title=" nah poh"> nah poh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=techno%20functional%20properties" title=" techno functional properties"> techno functional properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142085/evaluation-of-the-nutritional-potential-of-a-developed-spice-formulation-for-nah-poh-an-emulsion-based-gravy-physicochemical-and-techno-functional-characterisations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">186</span> Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Achievement of Technical Students and Perspective Teachers: A Study of Haryana State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anu%20Malhotra">Anu Malhotra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Malhotra"> Rahul Malhotra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This review paper is focused on achievement ability analysis of perspective teachers and students of technical education of Haryana. It is well known that women have higher verbal achievement, while men have higher achievement in non-verbal and scientific achievement. Chi-square analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of information and communication technology tools on the scientific, verbal and non-verbal achievement of the controlled and uncontrolled group of 204 students of Haryana. The computed value of expected count, which is more than 5, shows that there is a significant improvement in achievement ability of students of the controlled group when compared to the uncontrolled group. The research analyzes that the Information and communication technology tools play an important role in enhancing student’s achievement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=achievement" title="achievement">achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title=" ICT"> ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perspective%20teacher" title=" perspective teacher"> perspective teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=verbal%20achievement" title=" verbal achievement"> verbal achievement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94702/impact-of-information-and-communication-technology-on-achievement-of-technical-students-and-perspective-teachers-a-study-of-haryana-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">185</span> New Approaches for the Handwritten Digit Image Features Extraction for Recognition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Ravi%20Babu">U. Ravi Babu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Mastan"> Mohd Mastan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper proposes a novel approach for handwritten digit recognition system. The present paper extract digit image features based on distance measure and derives an algorithm to classify the digit images. The distance measure can be performing on the thinned image. Thinning is the one of the preprocessing technique in image processing. The present paper mainly concentrated on an extraction of features from digit image for effective recognition of the numeral. To find the effectiveness of the proposed method tested on MNIST database, CENPARMI, CEDAR, and newly collected data. The proposed method is implemented on more than one lakh digit images and it gets good comparative recognition results. The percentage of the recognition is achieved about 97.32%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwritten%20digit%20recognition" title="handwritten digit recognition">handwritten digit recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20measure" title=" distance measure"> distance measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MNIST%20database" title=" MNIST database"> MNIST database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20features" title=" image features"> image features</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40518/new-approaches-for-the-handwritten-digit-image-features-extraction-for-recognition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 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