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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John Zubly</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Hans Joachim Zublin</div><br />27 August 1724<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/St._Gallen" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">23 July 1781<span style="display:none">(1781-07-23)</span> (aged 56)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah, Georgia</a>, United States</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Reverend <b>John Joachim Zubly</b> (August 27, 1724 – July 23, 1781), born <b>Hans Joachim Züblin</b>, was a <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Swiss</a>-born <a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">American</a> pastor, planter, and statesman during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>. Although a delegate for <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Georgia" title="Province of Georgia">Georgia</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> in 1775, he resisted independence from <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a> and became a <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalist</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Joachim_Zubly&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zubly was born in <a href="/wiki/St._Gallen" title="St. Gallen">St. Gall</a>, Switzerland, on August 27, 1724.<sup id="cite_ref-ANBO_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANBO-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was ordained to the German [Reformed] Church ministry in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> on 19 August 1744. Following that, he came to <a href="/wiki/Province_of_South_Carolina" title="Province of South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, where his father David Zublin had settled near the <a href="/wiki/Savannah_River" title="Savannah River">Savannah River</a> in 1735. He preached first at small congregations south of <a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah</a>. In 1746, he married Anna Tobler, daughter of Appenzell Ausserrhoden governor and later New Windsor Township founder Johannes Tobler. He then spent 10 years as minister at the Wappetaw Church near <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston</a>, an interesting congregation composed largely of descendants of a shipwreck that carried Congregationalists from <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>. In 1756, he visited and preached to a congregation in Savannah. They were so impressed with him that he was later invited to their newly created pulpit. So in 1760, he moved to Savannah and became the first pastor of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Presbyterian_Church_(Savannah,_Georgia)" title="Independent Presbyterian Church (Savannah, Georgia)">Independent Presbyterian Church</a> there.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reverend Zubly's relationship to the Revolution reflects the confusion and conflict inherent in the shift of ideas during his time. Zubly's Calvinist religious beliefs made him an outspoken and influential supporter of the colonists' rights. By 1775, Zubly had come to view what he saw as the increasingly secular and godless resistance of the colonies with alarm. Many view his career as moving from a staunch defender of colonial rights, to an apologist for the monarchy, to a loyalist and opponent of republican government. However, it was his religious beliefs that remained constant, while the political environment shifted around him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Start_of_the_revolution">Start of the revolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Joachim_Zubly&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Start of the revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_1765" title="Stamp Act 1765">Stamp Act</a> in 1765, some of his sermons began to be issued as pamphlets, most notably <i>An Humble Enquiry Into the Nature of the Dependency of the American Colonies upon the Parliament of Great-Britain and the Right of Parliament to Lay Taxes on the said Colonies.</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His reasoning helped to clarify the differences and relationships between constitutions, legislatures, laws, and people. <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bailyn" title="Bernard Bailyn">Bernard Bailyn</a> credits him with making important contributions to the consideration of representative legislatures by identifying some of the issues involved. </p><p>In the period leading up to the Revolution, he was not a member of the Georgia Assembly. But, he was frequently called on to open their sessions with prayer and a sermon. Georgia was not represented in the First Continental Congress of 1774, but in July 1775, they held a revolutionary congress in Savannah and Zubly was named as one of their delegates to the Second <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia, Pennsylvania">Philadelphia</a>. </p><p>In 1774, he published <i>Great Britain's right to tax her colonies, placed in the clearest light, by a Swiss</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Continental_Congress">The Continental Congress</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Joachim_Zubly&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Continental Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>John Zubly took his seat as a delegate in Philadelphia on September 15, 1775.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early in his time at the Congress he expressed his position by saying, "I came here with two views; one, to secure the rights of America; second, a reconciliation with Great Britain.". His distance from the sentiments of the Congress as a whole widened during debates over non-importation or trade embargoes. Georgia's development was so recent that she lacked even the limited manufacturing capabilities that existed in most of the other colonies, and it was the least self-sufficient of any. </p><p>As the other delegates argued for unity and conformance with the majority views, he became increasingly outspoken. By October 12, as the debate continued he observed that "Trade is important.... Wisdom is better than weapons of war. We don't mean to oppose Great Britain, merely for diversion; if it is necessary, that we make war, and that we have the means of it." When pushed he declared that "A republican government is little better than government of devils." </p><p>By mid-November, Zubly was on his way back to Savannah. The Congress had accused him of disloyalty since he was still carrying on a correspondence with his friend, <a href="/wiki/James_Wright_(governor)" title="James Wright (governor)">James Wright</a>, the Royal Governor of Georgia. He resumed his pulpit, and still sought a reconciliation in which Britain would respect colonists' rights. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exile_and_return">Exile and return</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Joachim_Zubly&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Exile and return"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the revolutionary fervor rose in Georgia, the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Safety" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Safety">Council of Safety</a> decided that his "going at large will... endanger the public safety". So on July 1, 1776, <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Bulloch" title="Archibald Bulloch">Archibald Bulloch</a> ordered his arrest, but Zubly was able to escape and find refuge with his family in South Carolina. Half his property was seized,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his library was thrown into the Savannah River by Georgians. </p><p>When the British recaptured Savannah in 1778, he was able to return home. Beginning in August 1780, the Savannah newspaper <i>The Royal Georgia Gazette</i> published a series of nine essays written by Zubly, who used the pseudonym of Helvetius. In these essays, Zubly laid out his case for opposing the American Revolution. Zubly made the case that the revolutionists were violating both God's law and international law. He died in Savannah on July 23, 1781 before the end of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>. Though it is rumored that he is buried at Savannah's Colonial Cemetery, his grave has never been found. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Joachim_Zubly&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ANBO-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ANBO_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMiller2000" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Miller, Randall M. (February 2000) [1999]. "Zubly, John Joachim". <i>American National Biography</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.0101026">10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0101026</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Zubly%2C+John+Joachim&rft.btitle=American+National+Biography&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.0101026&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Randall+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNichols2001" class="citation journal cs1">Nichols, Joel A. (2001). "A Man True to His Principles: John Joachim Zubly and Calvinism". <i>Journal of Church & State</i>. <b>43</b> (2): 297. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjcs%2F43.2.297">10.1093/jcs/43.2.297</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Church+%26+State&rft.atitle=A+Man+True+to+His+Principles%3A+John+Joachim+Zubly+and+Calvinism&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=297&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjcs%2F43.2.297&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=Joel+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLocke2010" class="citation journal cs1">Locke, Joseph (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=56646586&site=eds-live&scope=site">"Compelled to Dissent: The Politicization of Rev. John Joachim Zubly, 1760-1776"</a>. <i>Georgia Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>94</b> (4): 453–478<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Georgia+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Compelled+to+Dissent%3A+The+Politicization+of+Rev.+John+Joachim+Zubly%2C+1760-1776&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=453-478&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Locke&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.ebscohost.com%2Flogin.aspx%3Fdirect%3Dtrue%26db%3Da9h%26AN%3D56646586%26site%3Deds-live%26scope%3Dsite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeeman2013" class="citation book cs1">Beeman, Richard R. (2013). <i>Our Lives, Our Fortunes and Our Sacred Honor : The Forging of American Independence, 1774-1776</i>. New York: Basic Books. p. 329. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0465026296" title="Special:BookSources/978-0465026296"><bdi>978-0465026296</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+Lives%2C+Our+Fortunes+and+Our+Sacred+Honor+%3A+The+Forging+of+American+Independence%2C+1774-1776&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=329&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0465026296&rft.aulast=Beeman&rft.aufirst=Richard+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHammond" class="citation web cs1">Hammond, Samuel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlna/id:tcc937">"Proposal [for] a house and lot in Yamecraw [i.e. Yamacraw]"</a>. <i>Telamon Cuyler, Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, The University of Georgia Libraries, presented in the Digital Library of Georgia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telamon+Cuyler%2C+Hargrett+Rare+Book+and+Manuscript+Library%2C+The+University+of+Georgia+Libraries%2C+presented+in+the+Digital+Library+of+Georgia&rft.atitle=Proposal+%5Bfor%5D+a+house+and+lot+in+Yamecraw+%5Bi.e.+Yamacraw%5D&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdlg.galileo.usg.edu%2Fzlna%2Fid%3Atcc937&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Joachim_Zubly&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColeman1958" class="citation book cs1">Coleman, Kenneth (1958). <i>American Revolution in Georgia 1763-1789</i>. University of Georgia Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8203-0015-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8203-0015-2"><bdi>0-8203-0015-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Revolution+in+Georgia+1763-1789&rft.pub=University+of+Georgia+Press&rft.date=1958&rft.isbn=0-8203-0015-2&rft.aulast=Coleman&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawes1989" class="citation book cs1">Hawes, Lilla Mills, ed. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/collectionsofgeo21zubl"><i>The Journal of the Reverend John Joachim Zubly A.M., D.D. March 5, 1770 through June 22, 1781</i></a>. Georgia Historical Society Collections. Vol. 21. Savannah: The Georgia Historical Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Journal+of+the+Reverend+John+Joachim+Zubly+A.M.%2C+D.D.+March+5%2C+1770+through+June+22%2C+1781&rft.place=Savannah&rft.series=Georgia+Historical+Society+Collections&rft.pub=The+Georgia+Historical+Society&rft.date=1989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcollectionsofgeo21zubl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcBride2016" class="citation book cs1">McBride, Spencer W. (2016). <i>Pulpit and Nation: Clergymen and the Politics of Revolutionary America</i>. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pulpit+and+Nation%3A+Clergymen+and+the+Politics+of+Revolutionary+America&rft.place=Charlottesville&rft.pub=University+of+Virginia+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=McBride&rft.aufirst=Spencer+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1982" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Randall, ed. (1982). <i>A Warm and Zealous Spirit: John J. Zubly and the American Revolution, A Selection of His Writings</i>. Mercer University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86554-028-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-86554-028-4"><bdi>0-86554-028-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Warm+and+Zealous+Spirit%3A+John+J.+Zubly+and+the+American+Revolution%2C+A+Selection+of+His+Writings&rft.pub=Mercer+University+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-86554-028-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmidt1998" class="citation journal cs1">Schmidt, Jim (Summer 1998). "The Reverend John Joachim Zubly's 'The Law of Liberty' Sermon: Calvinist Opposition to the American Revolution". <i>The Georgia Historical Quarterly'<span></span></i>. <b>82</b> (2).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Georgia+Historical+Quarterly%27&rft.atitle=The+Reverend+John+Joachim+Zubly%27s+%27The+Law+of+Liberty%27+Sermon%3A+Calvinist+Opposition+to+the+American+Revolution&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Jim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZubly1972" class="citation book cs1">Zubly, John J. (1972). <i>Revolutionary Tracts</i>. Spartanburg, SC: Reprint Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87152-088-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-87152-088-5"><bdi>0-87152-088-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolutionary+Tracts&rft.place=Spartanburg%2C+SC&rft.pub=Reprint+Co&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=0-87152-088-5&rft.aulast=Zubly&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span> – A short reprint of some of his sermons and pamphlets</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Joachim_Zubly&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressZ000015" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=Z000015">"John Joachim Zubly (id: Z000015)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=John+Joachim+Zubly+%28id%3A+Z000015%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DZ000015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Joachim+Zubly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/zimmermann-zywicki.html#220.49.74">John Joachim Zubly entry</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Political_Graveyard" title="The Political Graveyard">The Political Graveyard</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourgeorgiahistory.com/people/zubly.html">Rev. John J. Zubly</a> Biography of the Loyalist preacher</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-662">New Georgia Encyclopedia Biography of Zubly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jimschmidt.com/albany/paper.htm">"No other brains could have produced so exotick a plant": The Rev. John J. Zubly's Calvinist-Humanist Critique of the American Revolution</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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