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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be.svg" width="117" height="12" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" aria-label="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Адмысловае:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be" class=""><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Гісторыя" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гісторыя"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Гісторыя</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гісторыя-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эканоміка" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эканоміка"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Эканоміка</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эканоміка-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Грамадства" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Грамадства"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Грамадства</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Грамадства-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Дэмаграфія" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Дэмаграфія"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Дэмаграфія</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Дэмаграфія-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Дэмаграфія</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Дэмаграфія-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Мовы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Мовы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Мовы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Мовы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Рэлігіі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Рэлігіі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Рэлігіі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Рэлігіі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Іслам" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Іслам"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Іслам</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Іслам-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хрысціянства_і_іўдаізм" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хрысціянства_і_іўдаізм"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Хрысціянства і іўдаізм</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хрысціянства_і_іўдаізм-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Войска" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Войска"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Войска</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Войска-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Культура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Культура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Культура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Культура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Султаны" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Султаны"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Султаны</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Султаны-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Султаны</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Султаны-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Спіс_султанаў_Асманскай_імперыі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спіс_султанаў_Асманскай_імперыі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Спіс султанаў Асманскай імперыі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спіс_султанаў_Асманскай_імперыі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гл._таксама" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гл._таксама"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Гл. таксама</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гл._таксама-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спасылкі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спасылкі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Спасылкі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спасылкі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Асманская імперыя</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 179 мовах." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-179" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">179 моў</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Османтәи аимпериа – абхазская" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Османтәи аимпериа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="абхазская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turuki_Utsmani" title="Turuki Utsmani – ачэх" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Turuki Utsmani" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачэх" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8A%D1%8B%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BE" title="Осмэн Пачъыхьыгъо – адыгейская" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Осмэн Пачъыхьыгъо" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="адыгейская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottomaanse_Ryk" title="Ottomaanse Ryk – афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ottomaanse Ryk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanisches_Reich" title="Osmanisches Reich – швейцарская нямецкая" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Osmanisches Reich" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарская нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%A6%E1%89%B6%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%95_%E1%88%98%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%A5%E1%89%B5" title="የኦቶማን መንግሥት – амхарская" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የኦቶማን መንግሥት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Otom%C3%A1n" title="Imperio Otomán – арагонская" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Imperio Otomán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%C3%BEomanisce_R%C4%ABce" title="Oþomanisce Rīce – стараанглійская" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Oþomanisce Rīce" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="стараанглійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ij%E1%BB%8Dn%CC%84-ub%E1%BB%8D%E1%BB%8Dn%CC%84_Otoman" title="Ijọn̄-ubọọn̄ Otoman – абола" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Ijọn̄-ubọọn̄ Otoman" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="абола" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الدولة العثمانية – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدولة العثمانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الدولة لعتمانية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="الدولة لعتمانية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="امبراطوريه عثمانيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="امبراطوريه عثمانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="অটোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য – асамская" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="অটোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="асамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiu_Otomanu" title="Imperiu Otomanu – астурыйская" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Imperiu Otomanu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B1_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="ГӀусманияб империя – аварская" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ГӀусманияб империя" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="аварская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_imperiyas%C4%B1" title="Osmanlı imperiyası – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Osmanlı imperiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88" title="عثمانلی ایمپیراتورلوغو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عثمانلی ایمپیراتورلوغو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Ғосман империяһы – башкірская" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғосман империяһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкірская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanischs_Reich" title="Osmanischs Reich – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Osmanischs Reich" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uosmanu_imper%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Uosmanu imperėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Uosmanu imperėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyong_Ottoman" title="Imperyong Ottoman – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Imperyong Ottoman" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Асманская імпэрыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Асманская імпэрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Османска империя – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Османска империя" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="উসমানীয় সাম্রাজ্য – бенгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উসমানীয় সাম্রাজ্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impalaeriezh_otoman" title="Impalaeriezh otoman – брэтонская" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Impalaeriezh otoman" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="брэтонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmansko_Carstvo" title="Osmansko Carstvo – баснійская" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Osmansko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="баснійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Османай эзэнтэ гүрэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Османай эзэнтэ гүрэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_Otom%C3%A0" title="Imperi Otomà – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Imperi Otomà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_D%C3%A1%CC%A4-gu%C3%B3k" title="Osman Dá̤-guók – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Osman Dá̤-guók" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Iусманойн шуре – чачэнская" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Iусманойн шуре" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чачэнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی عوسمانی – цэнтральнакурдская" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی عوسمانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="цэнтральнакурдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_Devleti" title="Osmanlı Devleti – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Osmanlı Devleti" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmansk%C3%A1_%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1e" title="Osmanská říše – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Osmanská říše" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Осман империйĕ – чувашская" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Осман империйĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yr_Ymerodraeth_Otomanaidd" title="Yr Ymerodraeth Otomanaidd – валійская" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yr Ymerodraeth Otomanaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_Osmanniske_Rige" title="Det Osmanniske Rige – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det Osmanniske Rige" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanisches_Reich" title="Osmanisches Reich – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Osmanisches Reich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0mperatoriya_Usman%C4%B1can" title="İmperatoriya Usmanıcan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İmperatoriya Usmanıcan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B8%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ottoman Empire" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomana_Imperio" title="Otomana Imperio – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Otomana Imperio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_otomano" title="Imperio otomano – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Imperio otomano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanite_riik" title="Osmanite riik – эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Osmanite riik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomandar_Inperioa" title="Otomandar Inperioa – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Otomandar Inperioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperiu_otomanu" title="Emperiu otomanu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Emperiu otomanu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="امپراتوری عثمانی – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امپراتوری عثمانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanien_valtakunta" title="Osmanien valtakunta – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Osmanien valtakunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmann%C3%B5_riik" title="Osmannõ riik – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Osmannõ riik" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanska_r%C3%ADki%C3%B0" title="Osmanska ríkið – фарэрская" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Osmanska ríkið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарэрская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_ottoman" title="Empire ottoman – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Empire ottoman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmaansk_Rik" title="Osmaansk Rik – паўночнафрызская" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Osmaansk Rik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="паўночнафрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmaanske_Ryk" title="Osmaanske Ryk – заходняя фрызская" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Osmaanske Ryk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="заходняя фрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Impireacht_Otam%C3%A1nach" title="An Impireacht Otamánach – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Impireacht Otamánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_Devleti" title="Osmanlı Devleti – гагаузская" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Osmanlı Devleti" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="гагаузская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampir_otoman" title="Ampir otoman – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ampir otoman" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impireachd_nan_Otomanach" title="Impireachd nan Otomanach – шатландская гэльская" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Impireachd nan Otomanach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шатландская гэльская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Otom%C3%A1n" title="Imperio Otomán – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Imperio Otomán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mburuvi_otom%C3%A1no" title="Mburuvi otománo – гуарані" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mburuvi otománo" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарані" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daular_Usmaniyya" title="Daular Usmaniyya – хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Daular Usmaniyya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_Ti-koet" title="Osman Ti-koet – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Osman Ti-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%AA%27%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האימפריה העות'מאנית – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האימפריה העות'מאנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="उस्मानी साम्राज्य – хіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उस्मानी साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Samrajya" title="Ottoman Samrajya – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ottoman Samrajya" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmansko_Carstvo" title="Osmansko Carstvo – харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Osmansko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anpi_Otoman" title="Anpi Otoman – гаіцянская крэольская" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Anpi Otoman" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаіцянская крэольская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oszm%C3%A1n_Birodalom" title="Oszmán Birodalom – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Oszmán Birodalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BD%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Օսմանյան կայսրություն – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օսմանյան կայսրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BD%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Օսմանեան Կայսրութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Օսմանեան Կայսրութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Ottoman" title="Imperio Ottoman – інтэрлінгва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Imperio Ottoman" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="інтэрлінгва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empayar_Ottoman" title="Empayar Ottoman – ібан" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Empayar Ottoman" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ібан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesultanan_Utsmaniyah" title="Kesultanan Utsmaniyah – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kesultanan Utsmaniyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Imperie" title="Ottoman Imperie – інтэрлінгвэ" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ottoman Imperie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="інтэрлінгвэ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_nga_Otomano" title="Imperio nga Otomano – ілакана" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Imperio nga Otomano" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ілакана" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Хьункархой импери – інгушская" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хьункархой импери" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="інгушская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otoman_imperio" title="Otoman imperio – іда" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Otoman imperio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="іда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkjaveldi" title="Tyrkjaveldi – ісландская" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tyrkjaveldi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_ottomano" title="Impero ottomano – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impero ottomano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="オスマン帝国 – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オスマン帝国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ataman_Empaya" title="Ataman Empaya – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ataman Empaya" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakaisaran_Ottoman" title="Kakaisaran Ottoman – яванская" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kakaisaran Ottoman" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ოსმალეთის იმპერია – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოსმალეთის იმპერია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamnekda_n_Iturkiyen" title="Tamnekda n Iturkiyen – кабільская" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tamnekda n Iturkiyen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D" title="Уэсмэн империэ – кабардзінская" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Уэсмэн империэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="кабардзінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1byintyokshan_A%CC%B1toman" title="A̱byintyokshan A̱toman – т’яп" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱byintyokshan A̱toman" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="т’яп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Осман империясы – казахская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Осман империясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B" title="ចក្រភពអូតូម៉ង់ – кхмерская" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចក្រភពអូតូម៉ង់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF" title="ಆಟೋಮನ್ ಚಕ್ರಾಧಿಪತ್ಯ – канада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಟೋಮನ್ ಚಕ್ರಾಧಿಪತ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="канада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%EB%A7%8C_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="오스만 제국 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오스만 제국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8F%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8E%D8%AA" title="عُثمانیہ سلطنَت – кашмірская" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="عُثمانیہ سلطنَت" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмірская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Osman%C3%AE" title="Împeratoriya Osmanî – курдская" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Împeratoriya Osmanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperoureth_Ottoman" title="Emperoureth Ottoman – корнская" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Emperoureth Ottoman" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Осмон империясы – кіргізская" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Осмон империясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="кіргізская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperium_Ottomanicum" title="Imperium Ottomanicum – лацінская" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Imperium Ottomanicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лацінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Otomano" title="Imperio Otomano – ладына" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Imperio Otomano" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладына" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanescht_R%C3%A4ich" title="Osmanescht Räich – люксембургская" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Osmanescht Räich" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Усманрин империя – лезгінская" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Усманрин империя" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_Osmanan" title="Impero Osmanan – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Impero Osmanan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottomaans_Riek" title="Ottomaans Riek – лімбургская" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ottomaans Riek" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лімбургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imper_Otoman" title="Imper Otoman – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Imper Otoman" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imper_Otoman" title="Imper Otoman – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Imper Otoman" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99" title="ຈັກກະວັດໂອສະມັນ – лаоская" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຈັກກະວັດໂອສະມັນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаоская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman%C5%B3_imperija" title="Osmanų imperija – літоўская" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Osmanų imperija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="літоўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rija" title="Osmaņu impērija – латышская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Osmaņu impērija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empira_%C3%94t%C3%B4m%C3%A0na" title="Empira Ôtômàna – малагасійская" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Empira Ôtômàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Отоманско Царство – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Отоманско Царство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ഓട്ടൊമൻ സാമ്രാജ്യം – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓട്ടൊമൻ സാമ്രാജ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Османы эзэнт гүрэн – мангольская" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Османы эзэнт гүрэн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="мангольская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="ओस्मानी साम्राज्य – маратхі" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ओस्मानी साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empayar_Uthmaniyah" title="Empayar Uthmaniyah – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Empayar Uthmaniyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperu_Ottoman" title="Imperu Ottoman – мальтыйская" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Imperu Ottoman" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальтыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amp%C3%A9rio_Outomano" title="Ampério Outomano – мірандыйская" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ampério Outomano" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мірандыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%90%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC" title="အော့တမန် အင်ပိုင်ယာ – бірманская" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အော့တမန် အင်ပိုင်ယာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бірманская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="عثمانی – мазандэранская" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="عثمانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандэранская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmaansch_Riek" title="Osmaansch Riek – ніжненямецкая" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Osmaansch Riek" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ніжненямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottomaanse_Riek" title="Ottomaanse Riek – ніжнесаксонская" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Ottomaanse Riek" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="ніжнесаксонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="अटोमन साम्राज्य – непальская" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अटोमन साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="उस्मान साम्राज्य – неўары" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="उस्मान साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неўары" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottomaanse_Rijk" title="Ottomaanse Rijk – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ottomaanse Rijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_osmanske_riket" title="Det osmanske riket – нарвежская (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Det osmanske riket" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_osmanske_rike" title="Det osmanske rike – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det osmanske rike" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8F%DF%95%DF%8F%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%B2_%DF%9D%DF%8A%DF%B0%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%8A" title="ߏߕߏߡߊ߲ ߝߊ߰ߡߊ߬ߟߊ – нко" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߏߕߏߡߊ߲ ߝߊ߰ߡߊ߬ߟߊ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="нко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Otoman" title="Empèri Otoman – аксітанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Empèri Otoman" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Османты импери – асецінская" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Османты импери" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="асецінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C" title="ਉਸਮਾਨੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ – панджабі" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉਸਮਾਨੀ ਸਾਮਰਾਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджабі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Otomano" title="Imperio Otomano – пап’яменту" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Imperio Otomano" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="пап’яменту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanisches_Reich" title="Osmanisches Reich – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Osmanisches Reich" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperium_Osma%C5%84skie" title="Imperium Osmańskie – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Imperium Osmańskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81" title="سلطنت عثمانیہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سلطنت عثمانیہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A" title="عثماني سترواکي – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="عثماني سترواکي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Otomano" title="Império Otomano – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Império Otomano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utumanu_qhapaq_suyu" title="Utumanu qhapaq suyu – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Utumanu qhapaq suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otomano_Thagaripen" title="Otomano Thagaripen – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Otomano Thagaripen" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiul_Otoman" title="Imperiul Otoman – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Imperiul Otoman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27Mbere_Ottomane" title="'Mbere Ottomane – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="'Mbere Ottomane" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Османская империя – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Османская империя" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Османьска імперія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Османьска імперія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Осмаан Импиэрийэтэ – якуцкая" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Осмаан Импиэрийэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="якуцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A8riu_otomanu" title="Impèriu otomanu – сардзінская" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Impèriu otomanu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардзінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpiru_uttumanu" title="Mpiru uttumanu – сіцылійская" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mpiru uttumanu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сіцылійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire – шатландская" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ottoman Empire" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="عثماني سلطنت – сіндхі" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عثماني سلطنت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="сіндхі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmansko_Carstvo" title="Osmansko Carstvo – сербскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Osmansko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%95%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA" title="ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යය – сінгальская" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сінгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ottoman Empire" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmansk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Osmanská ríša – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Osmanská ríša" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmansko_cesarstvo" title="Osmansko cesarstvo – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Osmansko cesarstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimintooyada_Cosmaniya" title="Rimintooyada Cosmaniya – самалі" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Rimintooyada Cosmaniya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="самалі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perandoria_Osmane" title="Perandoria Osmane – албанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Perandoria Osmane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Османско царство – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Османско царство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmoansk_Riek" title="Osmoansk Riek – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Osmoansk Riek" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasultanan_Utsmaniyah" title="Kasultanan Utsmaniyah – сунда" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kasultanan Utsmaniyah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanska_riket" title="Osmanska riket – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Osmanska riket" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milki_ya_Osmani" title="Milki ya Osmani – суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Milki ya Osmani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94sma%C5%84ske_Imperyjum" title="Ôsmańske Imperyjum – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ôsmańske Imperyjum" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="உதுமானியப் பேரரசு – тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உதுமானியப் பேரரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Имперотурии Усмонӣ – таджыкская" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Имперотурии Усмонӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджыкская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="จักรวรรดิออตโตมัน – тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรวรรดิออตโตมัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_imperi%C3%BDasy" title="Osman imperiýasy – туркменская" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Osman imperiýasy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyong_Otomano" title="Imperyong Otomano – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Imperyong Otomano" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanijon_Imperij%C9%99" title="Osmanijon Imperijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Osmanijon Imperijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanl%C4%B1_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Osmanlı İmparatorluğu – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Osmanlı İmparatorluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Госман империясе – татарская" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Госман империясе" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="ئوسمان ئىمپېرىيىسى – уйгурская" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئوسمان ئىمپېرىيىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Османська імперія – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Османська імперія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="выдатны артыкул"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81" title="سلطنت عثمانیہ – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلطنت عثمانیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usmoniylar_davlati" title="Usmoniylar davlati – узбекская" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Usmoniylar davlati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inpero_otoman" title="Inpero otoman – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Inpero otoman" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmanan_imperii" title="Osmanan imperii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Osmanan imperii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c_Ottoman" title="Đế quốc Ottoman – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đế quốc Ottoman" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyo_Otomano" title="Imperyo Otomano – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Imperyo Otomano" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="奥斯曼帝国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ოსმალეთიშ იმპერია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოსმალეთიშ იმპერია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אטאמאנישע אימפעריע – ідыш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אטאמאנישע אימפעריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ідыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%E1%BB%8Cba_%C3%92tt%C3%B3m%C3%A1n%C3%AC" title="Ilẹ̀-Ọba Òttómánì – ёруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ilẹ̀-Ọba Òttómánì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ёруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_Daeqgoz" title="Osman Daeqgoz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Osman Daeqgoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="奥斯曼帝国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="奧斯曼帝國 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="奧斯曼帝國" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_T%C3%A8-kok" title="Osman Tè-kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Osman Tè-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="鄂圖曼帝國 – кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鄂圖曼帝國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12560#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма такой старонкі) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Віды"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=history" title="Ранейшыя версіі гэтай старонкі. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Інструменты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеянні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Спіс вікістаронак, якія спасылаюцца сюды [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Сюды спасылаюцца</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" rel="nofollow" title="Нядаўнія змены ў старонках, на якія спасылаецца гэтая старонка [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Звязаныя праўкі</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:SpecialPages" title="Пералік усіх адмысловых старонак [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Адмысловыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&oldid=4810892" title="Нязменная спасылка на гэтую версію гэтай старонкі"><span>Нязменная спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=info" title="Больш звестак пра гэту старонку"><span>Звесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&id=4810892&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Інфармацыя пра тое, як цытаваць гэтую старонку"><span>Цытаваць гэту старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D1%2581%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D1%2596%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%258F"><span>Атрымаць скарочаны URL-адрас</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2590%25D1%2581%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D1%2596%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%258F"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Пасля перасылкі з <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Атаманская Турцыя">Атаманская Турцыя</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox-123b9a9678013002 vcard" style="min-width: 27em;" data-name="Гістарычная дзяржава"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;">Імперыя</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above" style="background:#eaecf0;">Вялікая Асманская Дзяржава</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><div data-wikidata-property-id="P1705" class="no-wikidata"> <p><big>دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه </big></p><big> </big><br />Devlet-i Âliyye-i Osmâniyye</div></td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <table style="background:inherit; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%; display:table; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P94" class="no-wikidata"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_(1882%E2%80%931922).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Герб" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1595" data-file-height="1906" /></a></span></span></td> <td style="vertical-align: middle"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P41" class="no-wikidata"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_(1844%E2%80%931922).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Сцяг" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/320px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Герб</td> <td>Сцяг</td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P85" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD" title="Дзяржаўны гімн">Гімн</a>: <i><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q12560$9819E092-2347-414D-8263-6D1763A2C534" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P85"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span lang="en"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Imperial+anthems+of+the+Ottoman+Empire&action=edit"><span style="color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333); text-decoration:inherit; text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Imperial anthems of the Ottoman Empire</span></a></span></span><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192863" class="extiw" title="d:Q1192863">[d]</a></sup></span></span></i></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q12560$EAFD5EC9-7E4C-4A24-AFC9-AAE23C1FB342" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P242[1]"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:OttomanEmpireIn1683.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OttomanEmpireIn1683.png/300px-OttomanEmpireIn1683.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OttomanEmpireIn1683.png/450px-OttomanEmpireIn1683.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/OttomanEmpireIn1683.png/600px-OttomanEmpireIn1683.png 2x" data-file-width="1966" data-file-height="1850" /></a></span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#eaecf0;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:0.5em; text-align:left; width:4em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Канійскі султанат"><</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/30px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/45px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/60px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></span><br /><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Візантыйская імперыя"><</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/30px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/45px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/60px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></span></div> <div style="float:right; margin-left:0.5em; text-align:right; width:4em;"><a href="#before-after">v</a></div> <div style="margin:0 4em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P571" class="no-wikidata">1299</span> —</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span data-wikidata-property-id="P576" class="no-wikidata">1923</span></span></div> <br style="clear: both" /></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Сталіца">Сталіца</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P36" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%8E%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сёгют (няма такой старонкі)">Сёгют</a> (<a href="/wiki/1299" title="1299">1299</a>—<a href="/wiki/1326" title="1326">1326</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Бурса (горад)">Бурса</a> (<a href="/wiki/1326" title="1326">1326</a>—<a href="/wiki/1365" title="1365">1365</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Эдырнэ">Эдырнэ</a> (<a href="/wiki/1365" title="1365">1365</a>—<a href="/wiki/1453" title="1453">1453</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Канстанцінопаль">Канстанцінопаль</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул">Стамбул</a>) (<a href="/wiki/1453" title="1453">1453</a>—<a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a>)</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Мова(ы)</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P2936" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Асманская мова">асманская мова</a> і інш.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Афіцыйная мова</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q12560$e5368984-4e82-f26b-43fe-62b4848f3754" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P37"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Асманская мова">асманская мова</a></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Рэлігія">Рэлігія</a></th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P3075" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Іслам">Іслам</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Суніты">сунізм</a>)</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Грашовая адзінка</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P38" class="no-wikidata"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%87%D1%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Акчэ (няма такой старонкі)">акчэ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Куруш (няма такой старонкі)">куруш</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0" class="mw-disambig" title="Ліра">ліра</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Плошча</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P2046" class="no-wikidata">24.534.242 км²</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Насельніцтва</th> <td class="plainlist"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P1082" class="no-wikidata">35 350 000 чал</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Форма кіравання</th> <td class="plainlist"> <div data-wikidata-property-id="P122" class="no-wikidata"> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Абсалютная манархія">Абсалютная манархія</a>: </p> <ul><li>Да <a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a> (афіц. і факт.)</li> <li>З <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a> (факт.)</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Канстытуцыйная манархія">Канстытуцыйная манархія</a>: </p> <ul><li>З <a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a> (афіц.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a>-<a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a> (афіц. і факт.)</li></ul></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="plainlist">Дынастыя</th> <td class="plainlist"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Асманскія султаны">Асманскія султаны</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#eaecf0;"><cite id="before-after" style="font-style:normal">Папярэднікі і пераемнікі</cite></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;text-align:left;"> <table style="display:table; margin:0; padding:0; table-layout:fixed; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-left:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Канійскі султанат">Канійскі султанат</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Візантыйская імперыя">Візантыйская імперыя</a></li></ul></td> <td style="padding-right:0;"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Турцыя">Турцыя</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Albania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Албанія">Албанія</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8F%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Трэцяе Балгарскае царства">Трэцяе Балгарскае царства</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Yugoslavia_(1918%E2%80%931941).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281918%E2%80%931941%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%AE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Каралеўства Югаславія">Каралеўства Югаславія</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Каралеўства Румынія">Каралеўства Румынія</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Greece_(1822-1978).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Першая Грэчаская Рэспубліка (няма такой старонкі)">Першая Грэчаская Рэспубліка</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="Каралеўства Хіджаз">Каралеўства Хіджаз</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ensign_of_the_Palestine_Mandate_(1927%E2%80%931948).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ensign_of_the_Palestine_Mandate_%281927%E2%80%931948%29.svg/20px-Ensign_of_the_Palestine_Mandate_%281927%E2%80%931948%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ensign_of_the_Palestine_Mandate_%281927%E2%80%931948%29.svg/30px-Ensign_of_the_Palestine_Mandate_%281927%E2%80%931948%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ensign_of_the_Palestine_Mandate_%281927%E2%80%931948%29.svg/40px-Ensign_of_the_Palestine_Mandate_%281927%E2%80%931948%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Брытанскі мандат у Палесціне">Брытанскі мандат у Палесціне</a></li></ul></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;background:#eaecf0;"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="q12560$2BC3924D-4E2F-4B13-A655-A016C4767913" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ottoman_Empire" title="commons:Category:Ottoman Empire"><img alt="Лагатып Вікісховішча" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ottoman_Empire" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ottoman Empire">Медыяфайлы на Вікісховішчы</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Асма́нская імпе́рыя</b>, <b>Атама́нская імпе́рыя</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Турэцкая мова">турэцк.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="tr">Osmanlı İmparatorluğu</span>); афіцыйна <b>Высо́кая Асма́нская Дзяржа́ва</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Турэцкая мова">турэцк.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="tr">Devlet-i Âliyye-i Osmâniyye</span>) (<a href="/wiki/1299" title="1299">1299</a>—<a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>) — адна з найбуйнейшых і наймацнейшых дзяржаў у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%E2%80%99%D0%B5" title="Міжземнамор’е">Міжземнамор’і</a>, якая займала тэрыторыю <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Малая Азія">Малай Азіі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Балканскі паўвостраў">Балканаў</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Чорнае мора">чарнаморскага басейну</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Блізкі Усход">Блізкага</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Сярэдні Усход">Сярэдняга Усходу</a>, а таксама <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Паўночная Афрыка">Паўночнай Афрыкі</a>. З <a href="/wiki/XVI_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XVI стагоддзе">XVI ст.</a> Асманская імперыя становіцца чыста <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Іслам">ісламскай</a> дзяржавай. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гісторыя"><span id=".D0.93.D1.96.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.8F"></span>Гісторыя</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Гісторыя" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Гісторыя"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Асманская імперыя была першапачаткова часткай <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Дзяржава Сельджукідаў">уладанняў сельджукаў</a>. У <a href="/wiki/1299" title="1299">1299</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Асман I">Асман I</a> аб’яўляе незалежнасць Атаманскага прынцыпіята, яго праўнук <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_I" title="Мурад I">Мурад I</a> быў першым, хто прыняў тытул <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан">султана</a> як валадар Асманскай дзяржавы. Пасля заваявання <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Канстанцінопаль">Канстанцінопаля</a> ў <a href="/wiki/1453" title="1453">1453</a> г. дзяржава стала магутнай імперыяй. </p><p>Краіна дасягнула свайго піка пад кіраўніцтвам <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I">Сулеймана І</a> ў XVI стагоддзі, калі яе межы распасцерліся ад <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%9E" title="Персідскі заліў">Персідскага заліва</a> да ўсходняй часткі <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Венгрыя">Венгрыі</a> на паўночным захадзе і ад <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Егіпет">Егіпта</a> на поўдні да <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Каўказ">Каўказа</a> на поўначы. </p><p>Дзякуючы сваёй магутнасці аказвала ўплыў на краіны розных частак свету: напрыклад, Асманская імперыя падтрымлівала мусульманскіх кіраўнікоў у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кенія">Кеніі</a>, а таксама дапамагла галандскай пратэстанцкай уладзе ў змаганні з каталіцкай <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Іспанія">Іспаніяй</a>. </p><p>У XVII стагоддзі пад уплывам вонкавых і ўнутраных ворагаў, дарагіх войн, асабліва супраць <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Персія">Персіі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Расійская імперыя">Расіі</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Аўстра-Венгрыя">Аўстра-Венгрыі</a>, пачынаецца палітычны і эканамічны спад. Нягледзячы на цяжкія абставіны, імперыя і дагэтуль заставалася адной з найболей важных палітычных сіл у <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Еўропа">Еўропе</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Пярэдняя Азія">Пярэдняй Азіі</a>. У <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Першая сусветная вайна">Першай сусветнай вайне</a> Асманская імперыя далучылася да цэнтральных сіл, якія ў выніку прайгралі вайну. Пасля турэцкай вайны за незалежнасць (<a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>—<a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a>) на астатках былой імперыі <a href="/wiki/29_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="29 кастрычніка">29 кастрычніка</a> <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> ўтвараецца новая краіна — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рэспубліка Турцыя (няма такой старонкі)">Рэспубліка Турцыя</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эканоміка"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.BC.D1.96.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Эканоміка</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Эканоміка" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Эканоміка"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Асманскі ўрад наўмысна вёў палітыку развіцця такіх гарадоў, як <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Бурса (горад)">Бурса</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Эдырнэ">Эдырнэ</a> (Адрыянопаль) і Канстанцінопаль — паслядоўныя Атаманскія сталіцы, у далейшым галоўныя камерцыйныя і прамысловыя цэнтры краіны, вакол якіх фарміравалася ўнутраная эканоміка краіны. </p><p>Асманская імперыя, эканамічны лад якой быў цесна звязаны з фундаментальнымі паняццямі <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Грамадства">грамадства</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Блізкі Усход">Блізкім Усходзе</a>, у якім абсалютнай мэтай была кансалідацыя і пашырэнне магутнасці кіраўніка, імкнулася дасягнуць гэтага павелічэннем прыбыткаў у дзяржаўную казну, ствараючы прадукцыйныя багатыя класы. Абсалютная мэта заключалася ў тым, каб павялічыць дзяржаўныя прыбыткі ў максімальна магчымай ступені, не парушаючы традыцыйную арганізацыю грамадства. Казначэйства і канцылярыі былі нашмат больш развітыя, чым у любой іншай ісламскай краіне. Да XVII стагоддзя яны былі вядучымі арганізацыямі сярод усіх дзяржаўных устаноў. </p><p>Эканамічная структура імперыі таксама вызначалася яе геапалітычнай структурай. Асманская імперыя стаяла паміж Захадам і Усходам, такім чынам кантралюючы маршрут ва ўсходнім кірунку, што вымусіла іспанскіх і партугальскіх мараходаў шукаць новыя маршруты на Усход. Перад адкрыццём новых марскіх шляхоў Асманская імперыя была ў зеніце эканамічнага развіцця, сваёй тэрыторыяй яна ахапіла тры кантыненты. Пасля настаў эканамічны спад, выкліканы зніжэннем інтэнсіўнасці перавозак ва ўсходнім кірунку праз Блізкі Усход і Міжземнамор’е, паколькі <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Заходняя Еўропа">Заходняя Еўропа</a> адчыняла новыя акіянскія маршруты. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Грамадства"><span id=".D0.93.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.B4.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0"></span>Грамадства</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Правіць раздзел: Грамадства" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Грамадства"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Адным з поспехаў сацыяльнай структуры Асманскай імперыі было адзінства, якое існавала сярод шматнацыянальнага насельніцтва, праз арганізацыю, вядомую як <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Мілет">мілет</a>. Мілеты ўяўлялі сабой рэлігійныя групы, якім дазвалялі ўстанаўліваць уласныя адміністрацыйныя ўстановы, паводле Асманскага кіравання. Таксама дазвалялася захоўваць уласныя рэлігійныя законы, традыцыі і мову пад агульнай абаронай султана. Такім чынам, мілеты паслужылі ключом да даўгавечнасці імперыі. Ужо ў часы панавання <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_II_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%91%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Мехмед II Заваёўнік">Мехмеда II Заваёўніка</a> шырокія правы атрымалі <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%91%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фанарыёты (няма такой старонкі)">фанарыёты</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%9E%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%96" title="Яўрэі">яўрэі</a>. У выніку адносна высокая ступень талерантнасці была адной з самых вялікіх сіл імперыі ў аб’яднанні новых абласцей, але гэтая неасіміліруючая палітыка стала слабасцю з пачаткам росту <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Нацыяналізм">нацыяналізму</a> ў народаў, якія апынуліся ў складзе Асманскай імперыі. </p><p>Унікальная асаблівасць грамадскага жыцця заключалася ў суіснаванні шматлікіх культур, з традыцыйным мусульманскім вобразам жыцця і запазычваннем заходніх манераў жыцця. Сталіца Асманскай імперыі — Канстанцінопаль таксама меў унікальную культуру, галоўным чынам таму, што да асманаў горад з’яўляўся сталіцай рымскай і візантыйскай культур. Асманскі суд у шматлікіх аспектах сабраў старажытныя традыцыі персідскіх шахаў, але меў шмат грэчаскіх і еўрапейскіх уплываў. </p><p>Адным з галоўных падмуркаў грамадства ў Асманскай імперыі было <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Рабства">рабства</a>, якое мела рэлігійную і сацыяльную падтрымку. Яшчэ ў <a href="/wiki/1908" title="1908">1908</a> годзе ў імперыі прадаваліся рабы. На працягу XIX стагоддзя імперыя пад ціскам заходнееўрапейскіх краін абвясціла рабства па-за законам, але на практыцы гандаль рабамі доўжыўся. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Дэмаграфія"><span id=".D0.94.D1.8D.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D1.96.D1.8F"></span>Дэмаграфія</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Правіць раздзел: Дэмаграфія" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Дэмаграфія"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Galata_Bridge,_Istanbul_(Constantinople).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Galata_Bridge%2C_Istanbul_%28Constantinople%29.jpg/220px-Galata_Bridge%2C_Istanbul_%28Constantinople%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Galata_Bridge%2C_Istanbul_%28Constantinople%29.jpg/330px-Galata_Bridge%2C_Istanbul_%28Constantinople%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Galata_Bridge%2C_Istanbul_%28Constantinople%29.jpg/440px-Galata_Bridge%2C_Istanbul_%28Constantinople%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption>Выгляд Стамбула (Стары горад) і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Галацкі мост (няма такой старонкі)">Галацкага моста</a>. Выгляд з <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B3_(%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Залаты Рог (Стамбул)">заліва Залаты Рог</a>. Каля 1880—1893.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Bridge_and_Galata_Area,_Istanbul,_Turkey_by_Abdullah_Fr%C3%A8res,_ca._1880-1893_(LOC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bridge_and_Galata_Area%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey_by_Abdullah_Fr%C3%A8res%2C_ca._1880-1893_%28LOC%29.jpg/220px-Bridge_and_Galata_Area%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey_by_Abdullah_Fr%C3%A8res%2C_ca._1880-1893_%28LOC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bridge_and_Galata_Area%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey_by_Abdullah_Fr%C3%A8res%2C_ca._1880-1893_%28LOC%29.jpg/330px-Bridge_and_Galata_Area%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey_by_Abdullah_Fr%C3%A8res%2C_ca._1880-1893_%28LOC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bridge_and_Galata_Area%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey_by_Abdullah_Fr%C3%A8res%2C_ca._1880-1893_%28LOC%29.jpg/440px-Bridge_and_Galata_Area%2C_Istanbul%2C_Turkey_by_Abdullah_Fr%C3%A8res%2C_ca._1880-1893_%28LOC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="967" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption>Выгляд <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Галата">Галаты</a> і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Галацкі мост (няма такой старонкі)">Галацкага моста</a>. Выгляд з <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B3_(%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Залаты Рог (Стамбул)">заліва Залаты Рог</a>. Каля 1880—1893.</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"> <caption>Насельніцтва імперыі </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Год </th> <th>Насельніцтва </th></tr> <tr> <td>1520 </td> <td>11,692,480<sup id="cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kabadayı-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1566 </td> <td>15,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinross1979206_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinross1979206-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1683 </td> <td>30,000,000<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinross1979281_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinross1979281-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1831 </td> <td>7,230,660<sup id="cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kabadayı-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1856 </td> <td>35,350,000<sup id="cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kabadayı-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1881 </td> <td>17,388,604<sup id="cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kabadayı-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1906 </td> <td>20,884,000<sup id="cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kabadayı-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1914 </td> <td>18,520,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1919 </td> <td>14,629,000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Першы перапіс насельніцтва Асманскай імперыі адбыўся ў пачатку XIX стагоддзя. Афіцыйныя вынікі перапісу 1831 года і наступных гадоў публікаваліся ўрадам, аднак вёўся перапіс не ўсіх слаёў насельніцтва, а толькі асобных. Да прыкладу, у 1831 годзе ішоў перапіс толькі мужчынскага насельніцтва<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinross1979281_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinross1979281-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kabadayı-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Незразумела, з-за чаго насельніцтва краіны ў XVIII стагоддзі было ніжэйшым, чым у XVI стагоддзі<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Тым не менш, насельніцтва імперыі стала павялічвацца і да 1800 дасягнула 25 млн — 32 млн чалавек, з якіх 10 млн пражывала ў Еўропе, 11 млн — у Азіі і 3 млн — у Афрыцы. Шчыльнасць насельніцтва Асманскай імперыі ў Еўропе была ў два разы вышэйшай, чым у Анатоліі, шчыльнасць насельніцтва якой, у сваю чаргу, была ў 3 разы вышэйшай, чым у Іраку і Сірыі, і ў 5 разоў вышэйшай, чым у Аравіі<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000110–111_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000110–111-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. У 1914 годзе колькасць насельніцтва дзяржавы складала 18.500.000 чалавек. Да гэтага часу тэрыторыя краіны скарацілася прыкладна ў 3 разы. А гэта значыла, што колькасць насельніцтва павялічылася практычна ў 2 разы. </p><p>Да канца існавання імперыі сярэдняя працягласць жыцця ў ёй была 49 гадоў, нягледзячы на тое, што яшчэ ў XIX стагоддзі гэты паказчык быў вельмі нізкім і складаў 20-25 гадоў<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000112_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000112-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Такая малая працягласць жыцця ў XIX стагоддзі была абумоўлена эпідэмічнымі захворваннямі і голадам, якія, у сваю чаргу, былі выкліканыя дэстабілізацыяй і дэмаграфічнымі зменамі. У 1785 годзе каля адной шостай насельніцтва асманскага Егіпта памерла ад чумы. На працягу ўсяго XVIII стагоддзя колькасць насельніцтва Алепа скарацілася на 20 %. У 1687—1731 гадах насельніцтва Егіпта галадала 6 разоў, апошні ж голад у Асманскай імперыі адбыўся ў 1770-х гадах у Анатоліі<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000113_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000113-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Пазбегнуць голаду ў наступныя гады атрымалася дзякуючы паляпшэнню санітарных умоў, аховы здароўя і пачатку транспарціроўкі прадуктаў харчавання ў гарады дзяржавы. </p><p>Насельніцтва пачало перабірацца ў партовыя гарады, што было выклікана пачаткам развіцця параходства і чыгунак. У 1700—1922 гадах у Асманскай імперыі ішоў працэс актыўнага росту гарадоў. Дзякуючы паляпшэнню сістэмы аховы здароўя і санітарных умоў, гарады Асманскай імперыі сталі больш прывабнымі для жыцця. Асабліва ў партовых гарадах ішоў актыўны рост насельніцтва. Да прыкладу, у Салоніках колькасць насельніцтва павялічылася з 55 000 у 1800 годзе да 160 000 у 1912 годзе, у Ізміры — са 150 000 у 1800 да 300 000 у 1914 годзе<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000114_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000114-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. У некаторыя рэгіёнах ішло зніжэнне колькасці насельніцтва. Напрыклад, колькасць насельніцтва Белграда знізілася з 25000 да 8000, прычынай чаго была барацьба за ўладу ў горадзе<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000114_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000114-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Такім чынам, колькасць насельніцтва ў розных рэгіёнах была рознай. </p><p>Эканамічная і палітычная міграцыі аказалі адмоўнае ўздзеянне на імперыю. Напрыклад, анексія рускімі і Габсбургамі Крыма і Балкан прывялі да бежанства ўсіх мусульман, якія засялялі гэтыя тэрыторыі, — каля 200 000 крымскіх татараў бегла ў Дабруджу<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000115_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000115-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. У 1783—1913 годзе ў Асманскую імперыю імігравалі 5 000 000 — 7 000 000 чалавек, 3 800 000 з якіх былі выхадцамі з Расіі. Міграцыя моцна паўплывала на палітычную напружанасць паміж рознымі часткамі імперыі, з прычыны чаго больш не існавала адрозненняў паміж рознымі пластамі насельніцтва. Зменшылася колькасць рамеснікаў, гандляроў, прамыслоўцаў і земляробаў<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000116_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000116-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Пачынаючы з XIX стагоддзя, у Асманскую імперыю пачалася масавая эміграцыя ўсіх мусульман (так званае мухаджырства<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) з Балкан. Да канца існавання Асманскай імперыі, у 1922 годзе, большая частка мусульман, якія жылі ў дзяржаве, былі эмігрантамі з Расійскай імперыі. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Мовы"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.8B"></span>Мовы</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Правіць раздзел: Мовы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=5" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Мовы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Афіцыйнай мовай Асманскай імперыі з’яўлялася асманская мова. Яна зведала моцны ўплыў персідскай і арабскай моў. Найбольш распаўсюджанымі мовамі ў азіяцкай частцы краіны былі: асманская (на якой размаўляла насельніцтва Анатоліі і Балкан, за выключэннем Албаніі і Босніі), фарсі (на якой размаўляла шляхта<sup id="cite_ref-Bertold_Spuler_page_69_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bertold_Spuler_page_69-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) і арабская (на якой размаўляла насельніцтва Аравіі, Паўночнай Афрыкі, Ірака, Кувейта і Леванта), у азіяцкай частцы таксама былі распаўсюджаны курдская, армянская, новаарамейскія мовы, пантыйская і кападакійская грэчаская; у еўрапейскай — албанская, грэчаская, сербская, балгарская і арумынская мовы. У апошнія два стагоддзі існавання імперыі гэтыя мовы ўжо не выкарыстоўваліся насельніцтвам<cite style="font-style:normal"><span style="background: #ffeaea; color: #444444;"></span><sup class="noprint" style="white-space: nowrap">[<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Вікіпедыя:Спасылкі на крыніцы"><span title="вельмі спрэчнае сцвярджэнне" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted;"><span style="background-color:yellow">крыніца?</span></span></a></i>]</sup></cite>: фарсі была мовай літаратуры, арабская выкарыстоўвалася для рэлігійных абрадаў. </p><p>З-за нізкага ўзроўню пісьменнасці насельніцтва для зваротаў простых людзей да ўрада выкарыстоўваліся спецыяльныя людзі, якія складалі прашэнні<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Нацыянальныя ж меншасці размаўлялі на родных мовах (Махалля). У шматмоўных гарадах і вёсках насельніцтва гаварыла на розных мовах, прычым не ўсе людзі, якія пражывалі ў мегаполісах, ведалі асманскую мову. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Рэлігіі"><span id=".D0.A0.D1.8D.D0.BB.D1.96.D0.B3.D1.96.D1.96"></span>Рэлігіі</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Правіць раздзел: Рэлігіі" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=6" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Рэлігіі"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Іслам"><span id=".D0.86.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BC"></span>Іслам</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Правіць раздзел: Іслам" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=7" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Іслам"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Да прыняцця ісламу цюркі былі шаманістамі. Распаўсюджванне ісламу пачалося пасля перамогі Абасідаў у Таласкай бітве 751 года. У другой палове VIII стагоддзя большая частка агузаў (продкаў сельджукаў і туркаў) прыняла іслам. У XI стагоддзі агузы пасяліліся ў Анатоліі, што спрыяла яго распаўсюджванню там. </p><p>У 1514 г. султан Селім I зладзіў масавую разню шыітаў, якія жылі ў Анатоліі, бо лічыў іх ерэтыкамі, пры гэтым было забіта больш за 40 000 чалавек<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Хрысціянства_і_іўдаізм"><span id=".D0.A5.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.81.D1.86.D1.96.D1.8F.D0.BD.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.B0_.D1.96_.D1.96.D1.9E.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.96.D0.B7.D0.BC"></span>Хрысціянства і іўдаізм</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Правіць раздзел: Хрысціянства і іўдаізм" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=8" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Хрысціянства і іўдаізм"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Свабода хрысціян, якія жылі ў Асманскай імперыі, была абмежаваная, бо туркі адносілі іх да «грамадзян другога гатунку». Хрысціяне і іўдзеі не лічыліся роўнымі ў правах з туркамі: паказанні хрысціян супраць турак не прымаліся судом. Яны не маглі насіць зброю, ездзіць на конях, іх дамы не маглі быць вышэйшымі за дамы мусульман, мелася і шмат іншых прававых абмежаванняў<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. На працягу ўсяго існавання Асманскай імперыі з немусульманскага насельніцтва спаганяўся падатак — Дэўшырме. Перыядычна ў Асманскай імперыі праходзіла мабілізацыя хлопчыкаў-хрысціян дападлеткавага ўзросту, якія пасля прызыву ўзгадоўваліся як мусульмане<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Гэтыя хлопчыкі навучаліся мастацтву кіравання дзяржавай, прымалі ўдзел у фарміраванні кіруючага класа і стварэнні элітных войскаў (янычар). </p><p>Згодна з сістэмай мілета, немусульмане з’яўляліся грамадзянамі імперыі, але не мелі правоў, якія мелі мусульмане. Сістэма праваслаўнага мілета была створана яшчэ пры Юстыніяне I і ўжывалася да канца існавання Візантыйскай імперыі. Хрысціяне, як найбольшая група немусульманскага насельніцтва ў Асманскай імперыі, мелі шэраг асаблівых прывілеяў у палітыцы і гандлі і таму плацілі больш высокія падаткі, чым мусульмане<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Пасля падзення Канстанцінопаля ў 1453 годзе Мехмед II не выразаў хрысціян горада, а наадварот, нават захаваў іх інстытуцыі (да прыкладу, Канстанцінопальская праваслаўная царква). </p><p>У 1461 годзе Мехмед II заснаваў Армянскі патрыярхат Канстанцінопаля. У часы ж Візантыйскай імперыі армяне лічыліся ерэтыкамі і таму не маглі будаваць цэрквы ў горадзе. У 1492 годзе падчас ганенняў іспанскай інквізіцыі Баязід II накіраваў турэцкі флот у Іспанію для выратавання мусульман і сефардаў, якія неўзабаве аселі на тэрыторыі Асманскай імперыі. </p><p>Адносіны Порты з Канстанцінопальскай праваслаўнай царквой у асноўным насілі мірны характар, рэпрэсіі ж былі рэдкімі. Структура царквы была захавана ў недатыкальнасці, але яна знаходзілася пад строгім кантролем турак. Пасля прыходу да ўлады ў XIX стагоддзі нацыяналістычна настроеных новых асманаў палітыка Асманскай імперыі набыла рысы нацыяналізму і асманізму. Балгарская праваслаўная царква была распушчана і змешчана пад юрысдыкцыю Грэчаскай праваслаўнай царквы. У 1870 годзе султан Абдул-Азіз заснаваў Балгарскі экзархат Грэчаскай праваслаўнай царквы і аднавіў яе аўтаномію. </p><p>Падобныя мілеты склаліся з розных рэлігійных суполак, уключаючы мілет з яўрэяў, на чале якога стаяў галоўны равін, і мілет з армян, на чале якога стаяў біскуп. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Войска"><span id=".D0.92.D0.BE.D0.B9.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Войска</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Правіць раздзел: Войска" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=9" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Войска"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Першай ваеннай адзінкай Атаманскай дзяржавы было войска, якое арганізаваў Асман І з супляменнікаў, якія насялялі заходнюю <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Анатолія">Анатолію</a>, у канцы XIII стагоддзя. З развіцём імперыі ваенная сістэма стала заблытанай арганізацыяй. Галоўны корпус Асманскага войска ўключаў <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Янычары">янычар</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сіпахі (няма такой старонкі)">сіпахаў</a> і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Акунджы (няма такой старонкі)">акунджаў</a>. Асманскае войска было аднымі з самых перадавых узброеных сіл у свеце, было адным з першых, хто выкарыстоўваў <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мушкеты (няма такой старонкі)">мушкеты</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Пушкі">пушкі</a>. Атаманская конніца вызначалася высокай хуткасцю і рухомасцю, без цяжкой брані, выкарыстоўваючы кароткія мячы на хуткіх аравійскіх канях. Паніжэнне баяздольнасці войска стала відавочным з сярэдзіны XVII ст. і пасля <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вялікая турэцкая вайна (няма такой старонкі)">Вялікай турэцкай вайны</a>. </p><p>Мадэрнізацыя Асманскай імперыі ў XIX стагоддзі пачалася з узброеных сіл. У <a href="/wiki/1826" title="1826">1826</a> г. султан <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B4_II" title="Махмуд II">Махмуд II</a> адмяніў корпус янычараў і заснаваў сучаснае асманскае войска, якое наймала замежных экспертаў і пасылала сваіх афіцэраў на навучанне ў заходнееўрапейскія краіны. Таксама існавалі ваенна-марскі флот і ваенна-паветраныя сілы. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Культура"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.8C.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Культура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Правіць раздзел: Культура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=10" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Культура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Blue_mosque_2006-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Blue_mosque_2006-1.jpg/220px-Blue_mosque_2006-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Blue_mosque_2006-1.jpg/330px-Blue_mosque_2006-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Blue_mosque_2006-1.jpg/440px-Blue_mosque_2006-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Блакітная мячэць</figcaption></figure> <p>Асманская імперыя ў эпоху сваёй магутнасці займала тэрыторыі вакол <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Міжземнае мора">Міжземнага мора</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Чорнае мора">Чорнага мора</a>. На гэтых землях існавала вялікая колькасць культур, у выніку вызначыць агульную «Асманскую культуру» вельмі цяжка, за выключэннем некаторых рэгіянальных цэнтраў і сталіц. </p><p>Уплыў заваёваных культур, асабліва еўрапейскіх, на турэцкі народ быў відавочны, праяўляўся ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Архітэктура">архітэктуры</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мастацтва">мастацтве</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Султаны"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.8B"></span>Султаны</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Правіць раздзел: Султаны" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=11" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Султаны"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Султан або падзішах, таксама вядомы ў Еўропе як Вялікі Турак, быў адзіным кіраўніком у краіне. У Асманскай імперыі правячай дынастыяй з’яўляўся <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Род Асманаў (няма такой старонкі)">дом Асманаў</a>, нашчадкаў Асмана І. Першы султан імперыі — Мурад I, апошні — Мехмед VI. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Спіс_султанаў_Асманскай_імперыі"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D1.96.D1.81_.D1.81.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.9E_.D0.90.D1.81.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D1.96.D0.BC.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.96"></span>Спіс султанаў Асманскай імперыі</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Правіць раздзел: Спіс султанаў Асманскай імперыі" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=12" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Спіс султанаў Асманскай імперыі"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Асман I">Асман I</a> (1281—1326; <i>бей</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Архан I">Архан I</a> (1326—1359; <i>бей</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_I" title="Мурад I">Мурад I</a> (1359—1389; султан з 1383)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B4_I" title="Баязід I">Баязід I</a> (1389—1402)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Асманскае безуладдзе (няма такой старонкі)">Безуладдзе</a></i> (1402—1413)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_I" title="Мехмед I">Мехмед I</a> (1413—1421)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_II" title="Мурад II">Мурад II</a> (1421—1444, 1445—1451)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Мехмед II">Мехмед II</a> (1444—1445, 1451—1481)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B4_II" title="Баязід II">Баязід II</a> (1481—1512)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC_I" title="Селім I">Селім I</a> (1512—1520; халіф з 1517)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_I" title="Сулейман I">Сулейман I</a> (1520—1566)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC_II" title="Селім II">Селім II</a> (1566—1574)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_III" title="Мурад III">Мурад III</a> (1574—1595)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_III" title="Мехмед III">Мехмед III</a> (1595—1603)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_I" title="Ахмед I">Ахмед I</a> (1603—1617)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_I" title="Мустафа I">Мустафа I</a> (1617—1618)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_II" title="Асман II">Асман II</a> (1618—1622)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_I" title="Мустафа I">Мустафа I</a> (1622—1623)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_IV" title="Мурад IV">Мурад IV</a> (1623—1640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BC_I" title="Ібрагім I">Ібрагім I</a> (1640—1648)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мехмед IV (няма такой старонкі)">Мехмед IV</a> (1648—1687)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_II" title="Сулейман II">Сулейман II</a> (1687—1691)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_II" title="Ахмед II">Ахмед II</a> (1691—1695)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мустафа II (няма такой старонкі)">Мустафа II</a> (1695—1703)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ахмед III (няма такой старонкі)">Ахмед III</a> (1703—1730)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B4_I" title="Махмуд I">Махмуд I</a> (1730—1754)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Асман III (няма такой старонкі)">Асман III</a> (1754—1757)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мустафа III (няма такой старонкі)">Мустафа III</a> (1757—1774)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абдул Хамід I (няма такой старонкі)">Абдул Хамід I</a> (1774—1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC_III" title="Селім III">Селім III</a> (1789—1807)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_IV" title="Мустафа IV">Мустафа IV</a> (1807—1808)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B4_II" title="Махмуд II">Махмуд II</a> (1808—1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB-%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B4_I" title="Абдул-Меджыд I">Абдул-Меджыд I</a> (1839—1861)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абдул Азіз (няма такой старонкі)">Абдул Азіз</a> (1861—1876)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мурад V (няма такой старонкі)">Мурад V</a> (1876)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Абдул Хамід II (няма такой старонкі)">Абдул Хамід II</a> (1876—1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_V" title="Мехмед V">Мехмед V</a> (1909—1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_VI" title="Мехмед VI">Мехмед VI</a> (1918—1922)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гл._таксама"><span id=".D0.93.D0.BB._.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Гл. таксама</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Правіць раздзел: Гл. таксама" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=13" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Гл. таксама"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Хайрадзін Барбароса">Хайрадзін Барбароса</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB-%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%80-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Абдул-Керым-Надзір-Паша">Абдул-Керым-Надзір-Паша</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Правіць раздзел: Крыніцы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=14" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Kabadayı-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-2"><sup><i><b>в</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-3"><sup><i><b>г</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-4"><sup><i><b>д</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kabadayı_1-5"><sup><i><b>е</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Kabadayı, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iisg.nl/research/labourcollab/turkey.pdf">Inventory for the Ottoman Empire / Turkish Republic 1500—2000</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinross1979206-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinross1979206_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKinross1979281-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinross1979281_3-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKinross1979281_3-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKinross1979">Kinross 1979</a>, p. 281.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Leila Erder and Suraiya Faroqhi, Population Rise and Fall in Anatolia 1550—1620, Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 15, No. 3 (Oct., 1979), pp. 322—345.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000110–111-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000110–111_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuataertSpivey2000">Quataert & Spivey 2000</a>, pp. 110–111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000112-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000112_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuataertSpivey2000">Quataert & Spivey 2000</a>, p. 112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000113-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000113_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuataertSpivey2000">Quataert & Spivey 2000</a>, p. 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000114-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000114_8-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000114_8-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuataertSpivey2000">Quataert & Spivey 2000</a>, p. 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pamuk, S. «The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy: The Nineteenth Century». International Journal of Middle East Studies, Cambridge University Press, Vol. 23, No. 3, Aug. 1991.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000115-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000115_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuataertSpivey2000">Quataert & Spivey 2000</a>, p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000116-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuataertSpivey2000116_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuataertSpivey2000">Quataert & Spivey 2000</a>, p. 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Justin McCarthy, <i>Death and Exile: The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims, 1821—2000</i>, Princeton, N.J: Darwin Press, 1995.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bertold_Spuler_page_69-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bertold_Spuler_page_69_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bertold Spuler, M. Ismail Marcinkowski. Persian historiography and geography. 2003. P. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4817788">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKemal_H._Karpat2002" class="citation book cs1">Kemal H. Karpat (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=082osLxyBDgC&pg=PA266&dq=arzuhalci#v=onepage&q=arzuhalci&f=false"><i>Studies on Ottoman social and political history: selected articles and essays</i></a>. Brill. p. 266. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/90-04-12101-3" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/90-04-12101-3"><bdi>90-04-12101-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studies+on+Ottoman+social+and+political+history%3A+selected+articles+and+essays&rft.pages=266&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=90-04-12101-3&rft.au=Kemal+H.+Karpat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D082osLxyBDgC%26pg%3DPA266%26dq%3Darzuhalci%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Darzuhalci%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">George C. Kohn (2007). <i>Dictionary of Wars</i>. Infobase Publishing. p. 385. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0816065772" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8160-6577-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Akcam, Taner. <i>A Shameful Act: The Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility</i>. New York: Metropolitan Books, 2006. P. 24. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/0805079327" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8050-7932-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shaw and Shaw. <i>History of the Ottoman Empire</i>, pp. 112—129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sean Krummerich. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loyno.edu/history/journal/1998-9/Krummerich.htm">The Divinely-Protected, Well-Flourishing Domain: The Establishment of the Ottoman System in the Balkan Peninsula</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090610014150/http://www.loyno.edu/history/journal/1998-9/Krummerich.htm">Архівавана</a> 10 чэрвеня 2009.</span></small> Loyola University New Orleans, <i>The Student Historical Journal</i>, volume 30 (1998-99).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globaled.org/nyworld/materials/ottoman/turkish.html">Turkish Toleration</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_American_Forum_for_Global_Education&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The American Forum for Global Education (няма такой старонкі)">The American Forum for Global Education</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=15" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFKinross1979"><i>Patrick Balfour Kinross.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ottomancenturies00kinr">The Ottoman Centuries: The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="англійскай мовай">(англ.)</span>. — William Morrow, 1979.</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFQuataertSpivey2000" class="citation cs2">Quataert, Donald; Spivey, Diane M. (2000), <i>Consumption Studies and the History of the Ottoman Empire, 1550–1922</i>, SUNY Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (ідэнтыфікатар)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/978-0-7914-4431-3" title="Адмысловае:BookSources/978-0-7914-4431-3"><bdi>978-0-7914-4431-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Consumption+Studies+and+the+History+of+the+Ottoman+Empire%2C+1550%E2%80%931922&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-4431-3&rft.aulast=Quataert&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.au=Spivey%2C+Diane+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спасылкі"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BB.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Спасылкі</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Правіць раздзел: Спасылкі" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&section=16" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Спасылкі"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lahana.org/blog/index.htm">Асманская імперыя</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100612125401/http://www.lahana.org/blog/index.htm">Архівавана</a> 12 чэрвеня 2010.</span></small> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4785216">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/44px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="432" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Аўстра-Венгрыя">Аўстра-Венгрыя</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_(1844%E2%80%931922).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Чцяг Асманскай імперыі"><img alt="Чцяг Асманскай імперыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Асманская імперыя</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Балгарыі"><img alt="Сцяг Балгарыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/25px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/38px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/50px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8F%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Трэцяе Балгарскае царства">Балгарскае царства</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Саюзнікі Цэнтральных дзяржаў</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Польшчы"><img alt="Сцяг Польшчы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/25px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/38px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/50px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_(1916%E2%80%941918)" title="Каралеўства Польскае (1916—1918)">Каралеўства Польскае</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Ukraine_(1917%E2%80%931921).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Украінскай Народнай Рэспублікі"><img alt="Сцяг Украінскай Народнай Рэспублікі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_Ukraine_%281917%E2%80%931921%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ukraine_%281917%E2%80%931921%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_Ukraine_%281917%E2%80%931921%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Ukraine_%281917%E2%80%931921%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_Ukraine_%281917%E2%80%931921%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Ukraine_%281917%E2%80%931921%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Украінская Народная Рэспубліка">Украінская Народная Рэспубліка</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Украіны"><img alt="Сцяг Украіны" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/25px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/38px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/50px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Украінская дзяржава">Украінская дзяржава</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Don_Cossacks.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Don_Cossacks.svg/25px-Flag_of_Don_Cossacks.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Don_Cossacks.svg/38px-Flag_of_Don_Cossacks.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Don_Cossacks.svg/50px-Flag_of_Don_Cossacks.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Усевялікае Войска Данское (няма такой старонкі)">Усевялікае Войска Данское</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Lithuania_(1918%E2%80%931940).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Lithuania_%281918%E2%80%931940%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(1918)" title="Каралеўства Літва (1918)">Каралеўства Літва</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Courland_(state).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5" title="Герцагства Курляндскае і Семігальскае">Курляндскае герцагства</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:United_Baltic_Duchy_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/United_Baltic_Duchy_flag.svg/25px-United_Baltic_Duchy_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/United_Baltic_Duchy_flag.svg/38px-United_Baltic_Duchy_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/United_Baltic_Duchy_flag.svg/50px-United_Baltic_Duchy_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="345" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%E2%80%99%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Аб’яднанае Балтыйскае герцагства">Балтыйскае герцагства</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Finland_(state).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Finland_%28state%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Finland_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Finland_%28state%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Finland_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Finland_%28state%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Finland_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Каралеўства Фінляндыя">Каралеўства Фінляндыя</a> • <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Azerbaijan_(1918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Azerbaijan_%281918%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Azerbaijan_%281918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Azerbaijan_%281918%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Azerbaijan_%281918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Azerbaijan_%281918%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_Azerbaijan_%281918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Азербайджанская Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка">Азербайджанская Дэмакратычная Рэспубліка</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Горская рэспубліка">Рэспубліка Саюза Горцаў Паўночнага Каўказа</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4785216"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Тэрытарыяльная_экспансія" data-name="Каланіяльныя імперыі" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><span class="navbox-gear" style="float:left;text-align:left;width:5em;margin-right:0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⛭" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></span><div id="Тэрытарыяльная_экспансія" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em">Тэрытарыяльная экспансія</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><small><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Калонія">Калонія</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F,_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метраполія, дзяржава (няма такой старонкі)">Метраполія</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Каланіялізм">Каланіялізм</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Імперыялізм">Імперыялізм</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Неакаланіялізм">Неакаланіялізм</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Ірэдэнтызм">Ірэдэнтызм</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сепаратызм">Сепаратызм</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Суверэнітэт">Суверэнітэт</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Заморская тэрыторыя (няма такой старонкі)">Заморская тэрыторыя</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Незалежнасць">Незалежнасць</a></small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каланіяльныя імперыі (няма такой старонкі)">Каланіяльныя<br />імперыі</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="padding-left:5px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Вялікабрытаніі"><img alt="Сцяг Вялікабрытаніі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96_%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Калоніі і залежныя тэрыторыі Вялікабрытаніі">Калоніі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Брытанскія заморскія тэрыторыі">заморскія тэрыторыі Вялікабрытаніі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cross_of_Burgundy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Іспанская імперыя">Калоніі Іспаніі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Prinsenvlag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Prinsenvlag.svg/22px-Prinsenvlag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Prinsenvlag.svg/33px-Prinsenvlag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Prinsenvlag.svg/44px-Prinsenvlag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Калоніі Нідэрландаў">Калоніі</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Заморскія тэрыторыі Нідэрландаў (няма такой старонкі)">заморскія тэрыторыі Нідэрландаў</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Portugal_(1830%E2%80%931910).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Калоніі Партугаліі">Калоніі Партугаліі</a> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Францыі"><img alt="Сцяг Францыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/25px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/38px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/50px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Калоніі Францыі">Калоніі</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Заморскія ўладанні Францыі">заморскія тэрыторыі Францыі</a></div></div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 7px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Родэс Калосус: карыкатура на Сесіла Джона Родса, пасля абвяшчэння ім планаў тэлеграфічнай лініі ад Кейптаўна да Каіра"><img alt="Родэс Калосус: карыкатура на Сесіла Джона Родса, пасля абвяшчэння ім планаў тэлеграфічнай лініі ад Кейптаўна да Каіра" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png/120px-Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png/180px-Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png/240px-Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png 2x" data-file-width="2069" data-file-height="2681" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><small><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Экспансія">Экспансія</a><br />іншых<br />дзяржаў</small></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><center><small>ранняя</small></center></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="padding-left:5px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/22px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/33px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/44px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Калоніі Венецыі (няма такой старонкі)">Калоніі Венецыі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Genoa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/26px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/39px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/52px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Генуэзскія калоніі (няма такой старонкі)">Калоніі Генуі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Даніі"><img alt="Сцяг Даніі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/25px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/38px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/50px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Уладанні Даніі">Уладанні Даніі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Courland_(state).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%96" class="mw-redirect" title="Калоніі Курляндыі">Калоніі Курляндыі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Norway.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Нарвегіі"><img alt="Сцяг Нарвегіі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Уладанні Нарвегіі (няма такой старонкі)">Уладанні Нарвегіі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Muscat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Muscat.svg/22px-Flag_of_Muscat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Muscat.svg/33px-Flag_of_Muscat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Muscat.svg/44px-Flag_of_Muscat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Уладанні Маската і Амана (няма такой старонкі)">Уладанні Маската і Амана</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Швецыі"><img alt="Сцяг Швецыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/25px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/38px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/50px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Уладанні Швецыі">Уладанні Швецыі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Шатландыі"><img alt="Сцяг Шатландыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/25px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/38px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/50px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Калоніі Шатландыі (няма такой старонкі)">Калоніі Шатландыі</a></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><center><small>позняя</small></center></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="padding-left:5px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Бельгіі"><img alt="Сцяг Бельгіі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F#Гісторыя" title="Бельгія">Калоніі Бельгіі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Германіі (1871-1918, 1933-1935)"><img alt="Сцяг Германіі (1871-1918, 1933-1935)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Калоніі Германіі (няма такой старонкі)">Калоніі Германіі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Каралеўства Італія"><img alt="Сцяг Каралеўства Італія" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Калоніі Італіі">Калоніі Італіі</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг ЗША"><img alt="Сцяг ЗША" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Калоніі ЗША">Калоніі ЗША</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Japan_(1870%E2%80%931999).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Калоніі Японіі (няма такой старонкі)">Калоніі Японіі</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><small>Кантынентальныя<br />імперыі</small></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рымская імперыя">Рымская імперыя</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Аўстрыйскай імперыі"><img alt="Сцяг Аўстрыйскай імперыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Габсбургская манархія">Габсбургская імперыя</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каланіяльная экспансія Аўстрыйскай імперыі (няма такой старонкі)">яе экспансія</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Brazil_(1822%E2%80%931870).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Brazil_%281822%E2%80%931870%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281822%E2%80%931870%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Brazil_%281822%E2%80%931870%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281822%E2%80%931870%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Brazil_%281822%E2%80%931870%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil_%281822%E2%80%931870%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="439" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бразільская імперыя (няма такой старонкі)">Бразільская імперыя</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Fictional_flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Fictional_flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire.svg/22px-Fictional_flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Fictional_flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire.svg/33px-Fictional_flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Fictional_flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire.svg/44px-Fictional_flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Імперыя Вялікіх Маголаў">Імперыя Вялікіх Маголаў</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Расіі"><img alt="Сцяг Расіі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/25px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/38px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Расійская імперыя">Расія</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тэрытарыяльна-палітычная экспансія Расіі (няма такой старонкі)">яе экспансія</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_(1844%E2%80%931922).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Чцяг Асманскай імперыі"><img alt="Чцяг Асманскай імперыі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Асманская імперыя</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Уладанні Асманскай імперыі">яе ўладанні</a> • <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Germany_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг Нацысцкай Германіі"><img alt="Сцяг Нацысцкай Германіі" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%96_%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%85" title="Трэці рэйх">Нацысцкая Германія</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тэрытарыяльна-палітычная экспансія Нацысцкай Германіі (няма такой старонкі)">яе экспансія</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_China_(1889%E2%80%931912).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сцяг дынастыі Цын (1890-1912)"><img alt="Сцяг дынастыі Цын (1890-1912)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_China_%281889%E2%80%931912%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Імперыя Цын">Дынастыя Цын</a></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><small>Спісы: <i><b><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Залежныя тэрыторыі">сучасных залежных тэрыторый</a> • <a 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href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⛭" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span></span><div id="Гісторыя_Еўропы" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B" title="Гісторыя Еўропы">Гісторыя Еўропы</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D1%83_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каменны век у Еўропе (няма такой старонкі)">Дагістарычная Еўропа</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist hlist-items-nowrap" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D1%83_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каменны век у Еўропе (няма такой старонкі)">Еўропа каменнага веку</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Неаліт Еўропы (няма такой старонкі)">Еўропа новакаменнага веку</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рымская рэспубліка">Рымская рэспубліка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Элінізм">Элінізм</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рымская імперыя">Рымская імперыя</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Позняя Антычнасць">Позняя Антычнасць</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5_%D1%85%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Ранняе хрысціянства">Ранняе хрысціянства</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96_III_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F" title="Крызіс 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href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%B5" title="Высокае Сярэдневякоўе">Высокае Сярэднявечча</a></li> <li><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Добры артыкул"><img alt="✰" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Blue_star_unboxed.svg/13px-Blue_star_unboxed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Blue_star_unboxed.svg/20px-Blue_star_unboxed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Blue_star_unboxed.svg/26px-Blue_star_unboxed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="13" data-file-height="13" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%88%D1%87%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Свяшчэнная Рымская імперыя">Свяшчэнная Рымская імперыя</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Крыжовыя паходы">Крыжовыя паходы</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Феадалізм">Феадалізм</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%B5" title="Позняе Сярэдневякоўе">Позняе Сярэднявечча</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Стагадовая вайна">Стагадовая вайна</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Адраджэнне">Адраджэнне</a></li></ul> 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href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Габсбургская манархія">Габсбургская манархія</a></li> <li>Імперыі (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Асманская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Калоніі Партугаліі">Партугальская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Іспанская імперыя">Іспанская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Шведская імперыя">Шведская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Брытанская імперыя">Брытанская</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Расійская імперыя">Расійская</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сучасная гісторыя (няма такой старонкі)">Сучасная гісторыя</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist hlist-items-nowrap" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Асветніцтва">Асветніцтва</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Еўрапейскі цуд (няма такой старонкі)">Еўрапейскі 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href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Вясна народаў">Вясна народаў</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Індустрыялізацыя">Індустрыялізацыя</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Першая сусветная вайна">Першая сусветная вайна</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Кастрычніцкая рэвалюцыя">Кастрычніцкая рэвалюцыя</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Інтэрбелум">Інтэрбелум</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Другая сусветная вайна">Другая сусветная вайна</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Халодная вайна">Халодная вайна</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Еўрапейская інтэграцыя">Еўрапейская інтэграцыя</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Гл. таксама</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist hlist-items-nowrap" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Генетычная гісторыя Еўропы (няма такой старонкі)">Генетычная гісторыя 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гісторыя еўрапейскага мастацтва (няма такой старонкі)">Гісторыя еўрапейскага мастацтва</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Марская гісторыя Еўропы (няма такой старонкі)">Марская гісторыя Еўропы</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Гісторыя Еўрапейскага саюза">Гісторыя Еўрапейскага саюза</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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text" href="https://bigenc.ru/c/osmanskaia-imperiia-f0636f">Вялікая расійская (навукова-адукацыйны партал)</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%91%D0%A1%D0%AD1/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="s:ru:БСЭ1/Оттоманская империя">Вялікая савецкая (1 выд.)</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Турция">Бракгаўза і Эфрона</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/istoriya/OSMANSKAYA_OTTOMANSKAYA_IMPERIYA.html">Кругасвет</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/autre-region/Empire_ottoman/136521">Ларуса</a> · <a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%9C%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="s:ru:МЭСБЕ/Турция">Малы Бракгаўза і Эфрона</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravenc.ru/text/2581625.html">Праваслаўная</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Ottoman-Empire">Britannica (онлайн)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15097a.htm">Catholic (1997—…)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/impero-ottomano">Treccani</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3748793">.mw-parser-output .ts-navbox-plaintitle{font-size:100%!important;margin:0 6em!important}</style></div><table class="nowraplinks authoritycontrol collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Нарматыўны_кантроль" class="ts-navbox-plaintitle" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нарматыўны кантроль">Нарматыўны кантроль</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span title="CONOR.SI" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">CONOR</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cobiss.si/scripts/cobiss?command=DISPLAY&base=CONOR&rid=423489027">423489027</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4075720-1">4075720-1</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Кантрольны нумар Бібліятэкі Кангрэса">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85138802">sh85138802</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Латвіі">LNB</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/processed/LNB%7CLNC10-000070016">000070016</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная парламенцкая бібліятэка Японіі">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00573333">00573333</a> · <span title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Чэхіі" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NKC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ge138162">ge138162</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Нацыянальная і ўніверсітэцкая бібліятэка Заграба">NSK</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/processed/NSK%7C000199548">000199548</a> · <a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/1775152140023111100001">1775152140023111100001</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Узята з "<a dir="ltr" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Асманская_імперыя&oldid=4810892">https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Асманская_імперыя&oldid=4810892</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Categories" title="Адмысловае:Categories">Катэгорыі</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%97%E2%80%99%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F_%D1%9E_1299_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Катэгорыя:З’явіліся ў 1299 годзе">З’явіліся ў 1299 годзе</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96_%D1%9E_1923_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Катэгорыя:Зніклі ў 1923 годзе">Зніклі ў 1923 годзе</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Асманская імперыя">Асманская імперыя</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%E2%80%99%D1%8F" title="Катэгорыя:Гісторыя Міжземнамор’я">Гісторыя Міжземнамор’я</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%9E_%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Катэгорыя:Дзяржавы ў гісторыі Албаніі">Дзяржавы ў гісторыі Албаніі</a></li><li><a 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