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Bulgaria | RSF
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Descubra nuestra Clasificación Mundial de la Libertad de Prensa, nuestros últimos informes de investigación así como nuestras publicaciones que elaboran cada día nuestras oficinas regionales, en conexión con nuestra red de corresponsales en 115 países del mundo.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Países y regiones</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="link-lvl4 child-3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">América</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/argentina">Argentina</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/belice">Belice</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bolivia">Bolivia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/brasil">Brasil</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/canad%C3%A1">Canadá</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/chile">Chile</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/colombia">Colombia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/costa-rica">Costa Rica</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/cuba">Cuba</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ecuador">Ecuador</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/el-salvador">El Salvador</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/estados-unidos">Estados Unidos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guatemala">Guatemala</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guyana">Guyana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/hait%C3%AD">Haití</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/honduras">Honduras</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/jamaica">Jamaica</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/m%C3%A9xico">México</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/oeco">OECO</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/panam%C3%A1">Panamá</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/paraguay">Paraguay</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/per%C3%BA">Perú</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rep%C3%BAblica-dominicana">República Dominicana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/suriname">Suriname</a></li><li><a href="/es/taxonomy/term/632">The Bahamas</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/trinidad-y-tobago">Trinidad y Tobago</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/uruguay">Uruguay</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/am%C3%A9rica">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Asia-Pacífico</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/afganist%C3%A1n">Afganistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/australia">Australia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/birmania">Birmania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/brunei">Brunei</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/but%C3%A1n">Bután</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/camboya">Camboya</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/china">China</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/corea-del-norte">Corea del Norte</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/corea-del-sur">Corea del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/filipinas">Filipinas</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/fiyi">Fiyi</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/hong-kong">Hong Kong</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/india">India</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/indonesia">Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/jap%C3%B3n">Japón</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/laos">Laos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/malasia">Malasia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/maldivas">Maldivas</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mongolia">Mongolia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nepal">Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nueva-zelanda">Nueva Zelanda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/pap%C3%BAa-nueva-guinea">Papúa Nueva Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/paquist%C3%A1n">Paquistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/samoa">Samoa</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/singapur">Singapur</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sri-lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tailandia">Tailandia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/taiw%C3%A1n">Taiwán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/timor-oriental">Timor Oriental</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tonga">Tonga</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/asia-pac%C3%ADfico">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Europa-Asia central</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/albania">Albania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/alemania">Alemania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/andorra">Andorra</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/armenia">Armenia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/austria">Austria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/azerbaiy%C3%A1n">Azerbaiyán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/b%C3%A9lgica">Bélgica</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bielorrusia">Bielorrusia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bosnia-herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais-chequia">Chequia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/chipre">Chipre</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/croacia">Croacia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/dinamarca">Dinamarca</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eslovaquia">Eslovaquia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eslovenia">Eslovenia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/espa%C3%B1a">España</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/estonia">Estonia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/finlandia">Finlandia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/francia">Francia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/georgia">Georgia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/gran-breta%C3%B1a">Gran Bretaña</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/grecia">Grecia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/hungr%C3%ADa">Hungría</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/irlanda">Irlanda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/islandia">Islandia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/italia">Italia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kazajist%C3%A1n">Kazajistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kirguist%C3%A1n">Kirguistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kosovo">Kosovo</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/letonia">Letonia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/lituania">Lituania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/luxemburgo">Luxemburgo</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/macedonia-del-norte">Macedonia del Norte</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/malta">Malta</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/moldavia">Moldavia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/montenegro">Montenegro</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/noruega">Noruega</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/pa%C3%ADses-bajos">Países Bajos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/polonia">Polonia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rep%C3%BAblica-turca-del-norte-de-chipre">República Turca del Norte de Chipre</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rumania">Rumania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rusia">Rusia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/serbia">Serbia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/suecia">Suecia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/suiza">Suiza</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tayikist%C3%A1n">Tayikistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/turkmenist%C3%A1n">Turkmenistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/turqu%C3%ADa">Turquía</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ucrania">Ucrania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/uzbekist%C3%A1n">Uzbekistán</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/europa-asia-central">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Magreb-Oriente medio</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/arabia-saudita">Arabia Saudita</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/argelia">Argelia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bahr%C3%A9in">Bahréin</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/egipto">Egipto</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/emiratos-%C3%A1rabes-unidos">Emiratos Árabes Unidos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/irak">Irak</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ir%C3%A1n">Irán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/israel">Israel</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/jordania">Jordania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kuwait">Kuwait</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/l%C3%ADbano">Líbano</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/libia">Libia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/marruecos-sahara-occidental">Marruecos / Sahara Occidental</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/om%C3%A1n">Omán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/palestina">Palestina</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais-qatar">Qatar</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/siria">Siria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/t%C3%BAnez">Túnez</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/magreb-oriente-medio">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">África</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/%C3%A1frica-del-sur">África del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/angola">Angola</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ben%C3%ADn">Benín</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/botsuana">Botsuana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/burkina-faso">Burkina Faso</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/burundi">Burundi</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/cabo-verde">Cabo Verde</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/camer%C3%BAn">Camerún</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/chad">Chad</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/comoras">Comoras</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/congo-brazzaville">Congo Brazzaville</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/costa-de-marfil">Costa de Marfil</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eritrea">Eritrea</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eswatini">eSwatini</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/etiop%C3%ADa">Etiopía</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/gab%C3%B3n">Gabón</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/gambia">Gambia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ghana">Ghana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guinea">Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guinea-bissau">Guinea Bissau</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guinea-ecuatorial">Guinea Ecuatorial</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kenia">Kenia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/lesoto">Lesoto</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/liberia">Liberia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/madagascar">Madagascar</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/malaui">Malaui</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mal%C3%AD">Malí</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mauricio">Mauricio</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mauritania">Mauritania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mozambique">Mozambique</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/namibia">Namibia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/n%C3%ADger">Níger</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nigeria">Nigeria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rdc">RDC</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rep%C3%BAblica-centroafricana">República Centroafricana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ruanda">Ruanda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/senegal">Senegal</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/seychelles">Seychelles</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sierra-leona">Sierra Leona</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/somalia">Somalia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sud%C3%A1n">Sudán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sud%C3%A1n-del-sur">Sudán del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tanzania">Tanzania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/togo">Togo</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/uganda">Uganda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/yibuti">Yibuti</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/zambia">Zambia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/zimbabue">Zimbabue</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/africa">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Temas</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="link-lvl4 child-3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/tema/censura-y-vigilancia-tecnol%C3%B3gica">Censura y vigilancia tecnológica</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/derecho-internacional-y-gobernanza">Derecho internacional y gobernanza</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/desinformaci%C3%B3n-y-propaganda">Desinformación y propaganda</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/detenciones-y-juicios-arbitrarios">Detenciones y juicios arbitrarios</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/espacio-digital-y-democracia">Espacio digital y democracia</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/independencia-y-pluralismo">Independencia y pluralismo</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/marco-legal-y-justicia">Marco legal y justicia</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/modelos-y-mejores-pr%C3%A1cticas">Modelos y mejores prácticas</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/sustentabilidad-de-los-medios">Sustentabilidad de los medios</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/violencia-contra-periodistas">Violencia contra periodistas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/fr/publications">Publicaciones</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/clasificacion">Clasificación mundial</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/barometro">Barómetro</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/fr/rapports">Informes</a></div> </div> </div> </li><li><span class="link-lvl-1" tabIndex="0">nuestros proyectos</span><div class="header_sub"><div class="header_sub-left"><div class="header_sub-rte"><h3 class="title">nuestros proyectos</h3> <div class="description"><p>Llevamos a cabo un trabajo de fondo con gobiernos e instituciones con el fin de lograr un cambio duradero. Ofrecemos soluciones concretas y lanzamos iniciativas internacionales. Actuamos sobre el terreno para ayudar a los periodistas en peligro, en cualquier lugar y en cualquier momento.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/node/79253">Información y Democracia</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/collateral-freedom">Collateral Freedom</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/protect-journalists">Protect journalists</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/journalism-trust-initiative">Journalism Trust Initiative</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/servicios-para-periodistas-y-medios-de-comunicaci%C3%B3n">Asistencia a periodistas y medios de comunicación</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> </div> </div> </li><li><span class="link-lvl-1" tabIndex="0">Actuar</span><div class="header_sub"><div class="header_sub-left"><div class="header_sub-rte"><h3 class="title">Actuar</h3> <div class="description"><p>¿Cree que no puede haber libertad de conciencia sin libertad de prensa? ¿Quiere ayudar al periodismo libre e independiente, y a quienes lo personifican? ¿Quiere defender el derecho a la información? Hay varias formas de apoyar a RSF: ¡encuentre la más adecuada para usted y únase a la lucha!</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Apóyanos</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="https://donate.rsf.org/b/mon-don?cid=32&_cv=1" target="_blank">Haz un donativo</a></li><li><a href="/es/afiliarse">Únete</a></li><li><a href="https://boutique.rsf.org/" target="_blank">Compra el álbum fotográfico </a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79146">Legados y donaciones</a></li><li><a href="/es/convertirse-en-mecenas">Hazte patrocinador</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/fr/nos-petitions">Firma nuestras peticiones</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/node/79155">Únete a nosotros</a></div> <div class="header_mea"><div class="epingle_menu taxonomy-term vocabulary-pays-region" id="taxonomy-term-44"> <div class="content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li><span class="link-lvl-1" tabIndex="0">Conócernos</span><div class="header_sub"><div class="header_sub-left"><div class="header_sub-rte"><h3 class="title">Conócernos</h3> <div class="description"><p>Descubra RSF entre bastidores para conocer en pormenores nuestro funcionamiento, nuestros equipos, nuestra financiación, nuestra organización así como nuestras recomendaciones, socios, proyectos y eventos que apoyamos y que actúan, a su manera, para promover nuestro ideal común.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/qui%C3%A9nes-somos">¿Quiénes somos?</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Organización</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/gobernabilidad">Gobernanza</a></li><li><a href="/es/equipo">Equipo</a></li><li><a href="/es/finanzas-y-ayudas">Transparencia financiera y apoyos</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/rsf-apoya">RSF apoya...</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/cont%C3%A1ctenos">Contáctenos</a></div> </div> </div> </li></ul></div></nav> </div> <div class="wrapper-don block block-rsf-common block-rsf-faire-don-block" id="block-rsffaireundon"> <div><a href="https://donate.rsf.org/b?cid=32&lang=es_ES">Haz un donativo</a></div> </div> <div role="search" id="block-rsfformulaireverslarecherche" class="block block-rsf-search block-rsf-search-search-form"> <button class="search-loop" aria-label="Búsqueda" aria-expanded="false">Búsqueda</button> <div id="search_form_display"><div class="search-form-wrapper"><form class="ows-search-views-keyword-form" data-drupal-selector="ows-search-views-keyword-form" role="search" action="/es/recherche" method="get" id="ows-search-views-keyword-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search form-type-search js-form-item-text form-item-text"> <input 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<div class="layout-content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-rsf-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <div class="pays taxonomy-term vocabulary-pays-region" id="taxonomy-term-167"> <div class="content"> <div class="header-wrapper"> <div class="header-wrapper-content"> <div class="text-wrapper"><a href="/es/region/europa-asia-central" class="surtitre" hreflang="es">Europa-Asia central</a><div class="titre">Bulgaria</div> <div class="text-analyse field field--name-field-accroche field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">-</div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-visuel field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 11.27 6.52"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#fff;fill-rule:evenodd;}</style></defs><g id="Calque_2" data-name="Calque 2"><g id="BG"><polygon class="cls-1" points="10.98 1.1 10.89 1.09 10.61 1.02 10.3 0.92 10.12 0.7 10 0.55 9.74 0.62 9.69 0.6 9.62 0.53 9.42 0.48 9.18 0.48 8.63 0.2 8.56 0.16 8.13 0.2 7.49 0.34 6.99 0.51 6.48 0.81 6.28 1.04 6.04 1.16 5.69 1.25 5.08 1.22 4.45 1.1 3.77 0.98 3.4 1.05 2.9 0.99 2.15 0.85 1.59 0.8 1.04 0.89 0.94 0.82 0.93 0.75 0.95 0.64 1.02 0.55 1.16 0.49 1.23 0.42 1.24 0.35 1.09 0.24 0.78 0.09 0.65 0 0.58 0.04 0.51 0.1 0.47 0.2 0.46 0.36 0.23 0.48 0.14 0.51 0.1 0.59 0.04 0.83 0.05 1.01 0.08 1.1 0.09 1.17 0.17 1.26 0.23 1.4 0.28 1.58 0.38 1.73 0.64 1.86 0.77 1.95 0.86 2.06 0.93 2.17 1.14 2.31 1.13 2.41 1.08 2.51 1.03 2.55 0.93 2.68 0.82 2.75 0.65 2.97 0.39 2.98 0.32 3 0.22 3.06 0.17 3.17 0.22 3.26 0.21 3.35 0.17 3.53 0.23 3.71 0.33 3.8 0.34 3.85 0.32 3.94 0.18 4.11 0.14 4.18 0 4.21 0.28 4.54 0.43 4.67 0.61 4.76 0.82 4.84 0.89 4.91 1.02 5.25 1.08 5.38 1.17 5.42 1.19 5.45 1.2 5.5 1.1 5.74 1.06 6.28 1.03 6.32 1.23 6.35 1.47 6.35 1.62 6.22 1.86 6.21 1.97 6.19 2.15 6.22 2.33 6.21 2.56 6.16 2.77 6.07 2.94 6.07 3.01 6.06 3.05 6.04 3.09 5.91 3.41 5.9 3.51 5.92 3.69 5.92 3.87 5.85 3.93 5.86 4.02 6.04 4.07 6.09 4.17 6.14 4.39 6.28 4.43 6.24 4.52 6.2 4.78 6.26 5.04 6.37 5.25 6.52 5.49 6.48 5.75 6.4 5.92 6.38 6.1 6.37 6.21 6.34 6.46 6.38 6.72 6.29 6.85 6.22 6.88 6.11 6.86 5.92 6.8 5.74 6.74 5.67 6.72 5.6 6.76 5.53 6.8 5.49 6.96 5.45 7.18 5.5 7.18 5.44 7.19 5.38 7.25 5.32 7.53 5.27 7.56 5.22 7.59 5.12 7.65 5 7.71 4.97 7.83 4.97 8.05 4.95 8.2 4.91 8.35 4.83 8.43 4.76 8.76 4.72 8.85 4.69 8.94 4.72 9.06 4.84 9.27 5.01 9.37 5.06 9.46 5.04 9.6 4.98 9.74 4.97 9.86 4.99 9.91 4.93 9.99 4.92 10.24 4.96 10.18 4.79 9.89 4.44 9.69 4.13 9.56 4.02 9.28 3.88 9.77 3.36 9.88 3.34 10.01 3.27 10.03 2.67 10.09 2.31 10.18 2.21 10.28 2.13 10.46 1.85 10.79 1.78 11.05 1.87 11.23 1.62 11.27 1.09 10.98 1.1"/></g></g></svg></div> <div class="popin-classement preview-pays"><div class="current-year"><div>Clasificación 2024</div> <div class="position"><span class="general bg-color-3"></span> <span class="rang"><span class="current">59</span>/ 180</span> </div> <div class="score current">Puntuación: 65,32</div> <div class="indicateurs-wrapper"><div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador político</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">50</div> <div class="indicateur-score">60.63</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador económico</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">105</div> <div class="indicateur-score">41.60</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador legislativo</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">50</div> <div class="indicateur-score">72.24</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador social</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">70</div> <div class="indicateur-score">67.06</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador de seguridad</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">61</div> <div class="indicateur-score">85.08</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="prev-year"><div>Clasificación 2023</div> <div class="position"><span class="rang"><span class="current up">71</span>/ 180</span> </div> <div class="score current">Puntuación: 62,98</div> <div class="indicateurs-wrapper"><div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador político</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">73</div> <div class="indicateur-score">58.25</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador económico</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">133</div> <div class="indicateur-score">37.91</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador legislativo</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">57</div> <div class="indicateur-score">70.25</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador social</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">81</div> <div class="indicateur-score">65.53</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">Indicador de seguridad</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">53</div> <div class="indicateur-score">82.94</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper-block-sticky"> <div class="content-block-sticky"> <div class="wrapper-sticky-anchors"><div class="item-list"><ul class="links"><li><span class="label-anchor-highlight">Bulgaria</span> </li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria#medios-6484">Medios</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria#politica-6486">Política</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria#legislacion-6488">Legislación</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria#economia-6490">Economía</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria#sociedad-6492">Sociedad</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria#seguridad-6494">Seguridad</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria#todas-las-publicaciones">Publicaciones</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="wrapper-social-shared"><div class="title">Partager</div> <div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://rsf.org/es/pais/bulgaria" class="link-shared-social link-social-facebook" target="_blank">facebook</a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=https://rsf.org/es/pais/bulgaria" class="link-shared-social link-social-twitter" target="_blank">twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://rsf.org/es/pais/bulgaria" class="link-shared-social link-social-linkedin" target="_blank">linkedin</a></li><li><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#16294563747c7375622b54637a7177647f7730777b662d7479726f2b7e626266652c3939646570387964713973653966777f653974637a7177647f77" class="mailto-link">Correo electrónico</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="content-node"></div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-chapo field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p dir="ltr"><span>La libertad de prensa sigue siendo frágil e inestable en este país, que se mantiene como uno de los más pobres y corruptos de la Unión Europea. Los pocos medios independientes que tienen repercusión en Bulgaria sufren presiones.</span></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-contenu-editorial field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="medios-6484">Panorama mediático</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-justify" dir="ltr"><span>Las cadenas de televisión (</span><em>BNT, bTV, Nova, </em><span>etc.)</span><em> </em><span>y los medios digitales constituyen las dos principales fuentes de información de un país en el que la prensa en papel pierde progresivamente su influencia. La afiliación política que exhiben los miembros del Consejo para la Prensa Digital erosiona la independencia editorial de los medios públicos, mientras que la de los medios privados se ve amenazada por los intereses que tienen sus dueños en otros sectores regulados. </span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="politica-6486">Contexto político</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-justify" dir="ltr"><span>Las intimidaciones a los periodistas por parte de políticos y la instrumentalización de determinados medios con fines políticos están a la orden del día en Bulgaria. Tras 12 años de retroceso de la libertad de prensa bajo los gobiernos de Boïko Borissov y más de un año de inestabilidad política, Bulgaria tiene, desde junio de 2023, un gobierno relativamente estable que se ha comprometido a garantizar la libertad de los medios de comunicación.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="legislacion-6488">Marco legal</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-justify" dir="ltr"><span>El marco legislativo de Bulgaria prevé unas normas “de mínimos” para proteger a los periodistas, conforme a las exigencias de la Convención Europea de Derechos Humanos y a la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Estrasburgo. Al mismo tiempo, la corrupción, la falta de independencia y la escasa eficacia del sistema jurídico contribuyen a que el Estado se vea impotente para actuar contras las vulneraciones de la libertad de prensa. Los medios independientes y los periodistas de investigación son objeto regularmente de acciones judiciales abusivas o “procesos mordaza” (SLAPP).</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="economia-6490">Contexto económico</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-justify" dir="ltr"><span>Los medios dependen casi enteramente de los ingresos publicitarios, controlados mayoritariamente por el Estado. El reparto por parte del gobierno de fondos públicos nacionales y europeos no es transparente, lo que favorece una atribución partidista, que privilegia a los medios cuya línea editorial es afín al ejecutivo. No obstante, el gobierno en el poder desde junio de 2023 ha manifestado su voluntad de hacer frente a este problema.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="sociedad-6492">Contexto sociocultural</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-justify" dir="ltr"><span>Los periodistas de investigación que cubren asuntos relativos al crimen organizado y a la corrupción sufren amenazas frecuentes. Además, los medios especializados en cuestiones de minorías o financiados por fundaciones con sede en Estados Unidos y en Europa occidental se enfrentan habitualmente a un entorno hostil, así como a campañas de odio.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="seguridad-6494">Seguridad</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-justify" dir="ltr"><span>Las amenazas y las constantes agresiones físicas contra los periodistas búlgaros constituyen un problema importante. El impacto de esta violencia, que se ejerce especialmente contra los reporteros de fuera de la capital, se ve agravado por la impunidad que afecta a los crímenes cometidos contra los periodistas. El uso excesivo de la fuerza por parte de la policía contra los periodistas es un problema sistémico, como demostró la violencia policial sin precedentes que se vivió a finales de 2023. </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-strates field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--barometre-exactions paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="barometre-exactions-wrapper"> <div class="wrapper-top"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Ataques en tiempo real en Bulgaria</h2> </div> <a href="/es/barometro" class="go-to-barometre"></a> </div> <div class="barometre-real-time"><div class="exaction-pays--content real-time--content"><div class="chart-card tue"><div class="chart-card--text-wrapper"><div class="chart-card--title">Asesinados a partir del 1 de enero de 2024</div> <div class="chart-card--journaliste"><span>0</span> periodistas</div> <div class="chart-card--media"><span>0</span> colaboradores de medios</div> </div> <div class="doughnut-wrapper"><canvas class="doughnut" data-total="0" data-line1="0" data-line2="0" data-empty="true"></canvas> <div class="doughnut--total">0</div> </div> </div> <div class="chart-card emprisonnement"><div class="chart-card--text-wrapper"><div class="chart-card--title">Detenidos actualmente</div> <div class="chart-card--journaliste"><span>0</span> periodistas</div> <div class="chart-card--media"><span>0</span> colaboradores de medios</div> </div> <div class="doughnut-wrapper"><canvas class="doughnut" data-total="0" data-line1="0" data-line2="0" data-empty="true"></canvas> <div class="doughnut--total">0</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--aller-plus-loin paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="wrapper-aller-loin"><div class="wrapper-top"><div class="wrapper-left"><h2 id="todas-las-publicaciones" class="title title-h2">Todas las publicaciones</h2> </div> <a href="/es/publicaciones">Todas las publicaciones</a></div> <div class="wrapper-articles"> <article class="node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="wrapper-infos"> <div class="wrapper-thematiques"> <a href="/es/tema/derecho-internacional-y-gobernanza" class="link">Derecho internacional y gobernanza</a><a href="/es/tema/desinformaci%C3%B3n-y-propaganda" class="link">Desinformación y propaganda</a><a href="/es/tema/violencia-contra-periodistas" class="link">Violencia contra periodistas</a><a href="/es/tema/marco-legal-y-justicia" class="link">Marco legal y justicia</a><a href="/es/tema/independencia-y-pluralismo" class="link">Independencia y pluralismo</a><a href="/es/publicaciones?types%5B%5D=36" class="article wrapper-bundle">Actualidad</a> <div class="field field--name-field-date-publication field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item"><time datetime="2020-11-23T12:41:58Z" class="datetime">23.11.2020</time> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <a href="/es/uni%C3%B3n-europea-diez-recomendaciones-de-rsf-para-responder-los-desaf%C3%ADos-de-las-democracias" class="field-group-link" hreflang="es"> <div class="text-wrapper"> <div class="title">Unión Europea: diez recomendaciones de RSF para responder a los desafíos de las democracias</div> </div> </a> </div> <a href="/es/uni%C3%B3n-europea-diez-recomendaciones-de-rsf-para-responder-los-desaf%C3%ADos-de-las-democracias" class="field-group-link" hreflang="es"> <div class="field field--name-field-visuel field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article data-focal-point="50% 50%" class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/desktop_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/000_par7983484.jpg?h=a28cd65f&itok=Hi2FI4mA 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="297" height="200"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/tablette_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/000_par7983484.jpg?itok=RGxng0BQ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="129" height="82"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/mobile_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/000_par7983484.jpg?h=a28cd65f&itok=gP0d9A6C 1x" media="all and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/jpeg" width="64" height="64"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/mobile_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/000_par7983484.jpg?h=a28cd65f&itok=gP0d9A6C" width="64" height="64" alt="" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div> </a> </div> </article> <article class="node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="wrapper-infos"> <div 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