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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Election result summaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_result_summaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Father_of_the_House_of_Assembly_since_1_Jan_1964" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Father_of_the_House_of_Assembly_since_1_Jan_1964"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Father of the House of Assembly since 1 Jan 1964</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Father_of_the_House_of_Assembly_since_1_Jan_1964-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&params=34_55_16_S_138_35_55_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°55′16″S</span> <span class="longitude">138°35′55″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.92111°S 138.59861°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.92111; 138.59861</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Lower house of the state's Parliament</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">House of Assembly</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2022%E2%80%932026" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2022–2026">55th Parliament</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms or logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/255px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/340px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="903" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></div> of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Parliament of South Australia">Parliament of South Australia</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">22 April 1857<span class="noprint">; 167 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">22 April 1857</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159">Leadership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly" title="Speaker of the South Australian House of Assembly">Speaker</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Bignell" title="Leon Bignell">Leon Bignell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Independent_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politics)">Independent</a> <br />since 11 April 2024 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_Government_Business_in_the_House_of_Assembly_(South_Australia)" title="Leader of Government Business in the House of Assembly (South Australia)">Leader of Government Business</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Koutsantonis" title="Tom Koutsantonis">Tom Koutsantonis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(South_Australian_Branch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)">Labor</a> <br />since 24 Mar 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em">Government Whip</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Lee_Odenwalder" title="Lee Odenwalder">Lee Odenwalder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(South_Australian_Branch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)">Labor</a> <br />since 24 Mar 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em">Opposition Whip</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/David_Pisoni" title="David Pisoni">David Pisoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia_(South_Australian_Division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division)">Liberal</a> <br />since 18 Apr 2022 </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">47</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_-_Composition_of_Members_2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_-_Composition_of_Members_2024.svg/200px-South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_-_Composition_of_Members_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_-_Composition_of_Members_2024.svg/300px-South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_-_Composition_of_Members_2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_-_Composition_of_Members_2024.svg/400px-South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_-_Composition_of_Members_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1468" data-file-height="1416" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Political groups</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Australia" title="Government of South Australia">Government</a> (28)</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F00011; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(South_Australian_Branch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)">Labor</a> (28)</div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Opposition_(Australia)" title="Opposition (Australia)">Opposition</a> (13)</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#080CAB; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia_(South_Australian_Division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division)">Liberal</a> (13)</div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Crossbencher" title="Crossbencher">Crossbench</a></b> (6) </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#888888; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (6)</div> <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Length of term</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 years</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Instant-runoff_voting" title="Instant-runoff voting">Full preferential voting</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">First election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1857_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1857 South Australian colonial election">9 March 1857</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Last election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2022_South_Australian_state_election" title="2022 South Australian state election">19 March 2022</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Next election</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2026_South_Australian_state_election" title="2026 South Australian state election">21 March 2026</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Redistricting</th><td class="infobox-data">Redistributions are carried out after each election by the <a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Electoral_Districts_Boundaries_Commission" title="South Australian Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission">South Australian Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission</a>.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:House_of_Assembly_SA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/House_of_Assembly_SA.png/220px-House_of_Assembly_SA.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/House_of_Assembly_SA.png/330px-House_of_Assembly_SA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/House_of_Assembly_SA.png/440px-House_of_Assembly_SA.png 2x" data-file-width="1467" data-file-height="977" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label">House of Assembly Chamber,<br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Adelaide" title="Parliament House, Adelaide">Parliament House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #307159; border-bottom: 2px solid #307159">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.sa.gov.au/House-of-Assembly/House-of-Assembly-Home">SA House of Assembly</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>South Australian House of Assembly</b> (also referred to as the <b>lower house</b>) is one of the two chambers of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Parliament of South Australia">Parliament of South Australia</a>, the other being the <a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Legislative_Council" title="South Australian Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a>. It sits in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Adelaide" title="Parliament House, Adelaide">Parliament House</a> in the state capital, <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The House of Assembly was created in 1857, when South Australia attained self-government. The development of an elected legislature — although only men could vote — marked a significant change from the prior system, where legislative power was in the hands of the Governor and the Legislative Council, which was appointed by the Governor. </p><p>In 1895, the House of Assembly <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Amendment_(Adult_Suffrage)_Act_1894" title="Constitutional Amendment (Adult Suffrage) Act 1894">granted women the right to vote and stand for election</a> to the legislature. South Australia was the second place in the world to do so after <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> in 1893, and the first to allow women to stand for election.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (The first woman candidates for the South Australia Assembly ran in 1918 general election, in Adelaide and Sturt.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%27South_Australian_Parliament;_the_House_of_Assembly%27,_c._1867.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/%27South_Australian_Parliament%3B_the_House_of_Assembly%27%2C_c._1867.jpg/220px-%27South_Australian_Parliament%3B_the_House_of_Assembly%27%2C_c._1867.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/%27South_Australian_Parliament%3B_the_House_of_Assembly%27%2C_c._1867.jpg/330px-%27South_Australian_Parliament%3B_the_House_of_Assembly%27%2C_c._1867.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/%27South_Australian_Parliament%3B_the_House_of_Assembly%27%2C_c._1867.jpg/440px-%27South_Australian_Parliament%3B_the_House_of_Assembly%27%2C_c._1867.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4724" data-file-height="3296" /></a><figcaption>A painting of the House of Assembly meeting in Old Parliament House in 1867</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1857 to 1933, the House of Assembly was elected from multi-member districts, commonly known as "<a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Electoral_Districts" class="mw-redirect" title="South Australian Electoral Districts">seats</a>", with each district returning between one and six members. The size of the Assembly varied during this time—36 members from 1857 to 1875, 46 members from 1875 to 1884, 52 members from 1884 to 1890, 54 members from 1890 to 1902, 42 members from 1902 to 1912, 40 members from 1912 to 1915, and 46 members from 1915 to 1938. In 1938, the Assembly was reduced to 39 members, elected from single-member districts. </p><p>The House of Assembly has had 47 members since the <a href="/wiki/1970_South_Australian_state_election" title="1970 South Australian state election">1970 election</a>, elected from single-member districts: currently 34 in the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a> metropolitan area and 13 in rural areas. These seats are intended to represent approximately the same population in each electorate. Voting is by <a href="/wiki/Instant-runoff_voting" title="Instant-runoff voting">Instant-runoff voting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Preferential_voting" title="Preferential voting">preferential voting</a> with complete preference allocation, as with the equivalent federal chamber, the <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">Australian House of Representatives</a>. All members face re-election approximately every four years. The most <a href="/wiki/2022_South_Australian_state_election" title="2022 South Australian state election">recent election</a> was held on 19 March 2022. </p><p>The House is presided over by a Speaker, who, as of the passage of the <i>Constitution (Independent Speaker) Amendment Act 2021</i>, is constitutionally banned from being a member of a registered political party outside of a "relevant election period".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Playmander_Map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Playmander_Map.svg/220px-Playmander_Map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="322" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Playmander_Map.svg/330px-Playmander_Map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Playmander_Map.svg/440px-Playmander_Map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2428" data-file-height="3553" /></a><figcaption>A map of South Australian electorates 1955-69, during the height of the Playmander</figcaption></figure> <p>Another distinctive aspect of the history of the South Australian Parliament was the "<a href="/wiki/Playmander" title="Playmander">Playmander</a>", a <a href="/wiki/Gerrymander" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerrymander">gerrymandering system</a> that instituted a pro-rural electoral <a href="/wiki/Apportionment_(politics)" title="Apportionment (politics)">malapportionment</a> introduced by the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Liberal_and_Country_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal and Country League">Liberal and Country League</a> (LCL) government, and in place for 32 years from 1936 to 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The already entrenched rural overweighting was increased to a 2:1 ratio, the number of MPs was reduced to 39 and the multi-member seats were abandoned for single-member seats. The House of Assembly now consisted of 26 low-population rural seats, which due to population shifts, were holding up to a 10-to-1 advantage over the 13 high-population metropolitan seats, even though rural seats contained only a third of South Australia's population. At the peak of the malapportionment in <a href="/wiki/1968_South_Australian_state_election" title="1968 South Australian state election">1968</a>, the rural seat of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Frome" title="Electoral district of Frome">Frome</a> had 4,500 formal votes, while the metropolitan seat of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Enfield" title="Electoral district of Enfield">Enfield</a> had 42,000 formal votes.<sup id="cite_ref-access_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-access-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party_(South_Australian_Branch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)">Labor</a> won enough parliamentary seats to form government just once during the Playmander against the odds − in <a href="/wiki/1965_South_Australian_state_election" title="1965 South Australian state election">1965</a>. Labor won comprehensive majorities of the statewide <a href="/wiki/Two-party-preferred_vote" title="Two-party-preferred vote">two-party</a> vote whilst failing to form government in <a href="/wiki/1944_South_Australian_state_election" title="1944 South Australian state election">1944</a>, <a href="/wiki/1953_South_Australian_state_election" title="1953 South Australian state election">1953</a>, <a href="/wiki/1962_South_Australian_state_election" title="1962 South Australian state election">1962</a> and <a href="/wiki/1968_South_Australian_state_election" title="1968 South Australian state election">1968</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-access_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-access-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More equitable boundaries were subsequently put in place following the <a href="/wiki/1968_South_Australian_state_election" title="1968 South Australian state election">1968</a>, <a href="/wiki/1975_South_Australian_state_election" title="1975 South Australian state election">1975</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1989_South_Australian_state_election" title="1989 South Australian state election">1989</a> elections.<sup id="cite_ref-access_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-access-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most legislation is initiated in the House of Assembly. The party or coalition with a majority of seats in the lower house is invited by the Governor to form government. The leader of that party becomes <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_South_Australia" title="Premier of South Australia">Premier of South Australia</a>, and their senior colleagues become ministers responsible for various portfolios. As Australian MPs almost always vote along party lines, almost all legislation introduced by the governing party will pass through the House of Assembly. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_Ballot_Paper.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_Ballot_Paper.png/150px-South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_Ballot_Paper.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_Ballot_Paper.png/225px-South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_Ballot_Paper.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_Ballot_Paper.png/300px-South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_Ballot_Paper.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="696" /></a><figcaption>South Australian House of Assembly ballot paper</figcaption></figure> <p>As with the federal parliament and Australian other states and territories, voting in the Assembly is compulsory for all those over the age of 18. Voting in the House of Assembly had originally been voluntary, but this was changed in 1942. </p><p>While <a href="/wiki/South_Australia" title="South Australia">South Australia</a>'s total population is 1.7 million, 1.3 million of them live in Adelaide. Over 75% of the state's population resides in the metropolitan area. As a result, Adelaide accounts for 72% (34 of 47) of the seats in the chamber. The dominance of Adelaide, combined with a lack of comparatively-sized rural population centres, results in the metropolitan area frequently deciding election outcomes. At the <a href="/wiki/2014_South_Australian_state_election" title="2014 South Australian state election">2014 election</a> for example, although the state-wide <a href="/wiki/Two-party-preferred_vote" title="Two-party-preferred vote">two-party vote</a> (2PP) was 47.0% Labor v 53.0% Liberal, the metropolitan area recorded a 2PP of 51.5% Labor v 48.5% Liberal.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_result_summaries">Election result summaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Election result summaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_elections_in_South_Australia" title="List of elections in South Australia">List of elections in South Australia</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SA_Lower_House_Chamber.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/SA_Lower_House_Chamber.jpg/250px-SA_Lower_House_Chamber.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/SA_Lower_House_Chamber.jpg/375px-SA_Lower_House_Chamber.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/SA_Lower_House_Chamber.jpg/500px-SA_Lower_House_Chamber.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>House of Assembly chamber circa 1928.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Father_of_the_House_of_Assembly_since_1_Jan_1964">Father of the House of Assembly since 1 Jan 1964</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Father of the House of Assembly since 1 Jan 1964"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:150px; text-align:center;">From </th> <th style="width:150px; text-align:center;">To </th> <th style="width:200px; text-align:center;">Member </th> <th style="width:150px; text-align:center;">Term Started </th> <th style="width:200px; text-align:center;">Status </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 January 1964 </td> <td>2 March 1968 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Playford_IV" title="Thomas Playford IV">Thomas Playford IV</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stott" title="Tom Stott">Tom Stott</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1933_South_Australian_state_election" title="1933 South Australian state election">1933</a> </td> <td>Joint Fathers </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 March 1968 </td> <td>30 May 1970 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Stott" title="Tom Stott">Tom Stott</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1933_South_Australian_state_election" title="1933 South Australian state election">1933</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 May 1970 </td> <td>10 March 1973 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Brookman_(Australian_politician)" title="David Brookman (Australian politician)">David Brookman</a> </td> <td>Appointed in 1948 due to death of Sir Hubert Hudd </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 March 1973 </td> <td>15 September 1979 </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Don_Dunstan" title="Don Dunstan">Don Dunstan</a></span> <br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Jennings_(politician)" title="Jack Jennings (politician)">Jack Jennings</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1953_South_Australian_state_election" title="1953 South Australian state election">1953</a> </td> <td>Joint Fathers </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 September 1977 </td> <td>15 September 1979 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Don_Dunstan" title="Don Dunstan">Don Dunstan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1953_South_Australian_state_election" title="1953 South Australian state election">1953</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 September 1979 </td> <td>9 November 1982 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Des_Corcoran" title="Des Corcoran">Des Corcoran</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1962_South_Australian_state_election" title="1962 South Australian state election">1962</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 November 1982 </td> <td>6 December 1985 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Allan_Rodda" title="Allan Rodda">Allan Rodda</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1965_South_Australian_state_election" title="1965 South Australian state election">1965</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 December 1985 </td> <td>11 December 1993 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stan_Evans" title="Stan Evans">Stan Evans</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1968_South_Australian_state_election" title="1968 South Australian state election">1968</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 December 1993 </td> <td>11 October 1997 </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Heini_Becker" title="Heini Becker">Heini Becker</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Graham_Gunn" title="Graham Gunn">Graham Gunn</a></small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_South_Australian_state_election" title="1970 South Australian state election">1970</a> </td> <td>Joint Fathers </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 October 1997 </td> <td>20 March 2010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Graham_Gunn" title="Graham Gunn">Graham Gunn</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_South_Australian_state_election" title="1970 South Australian state election">1970</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 March 2010 </td> <td>11 October 2014 </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Bob_Such" title="Bob Such">Bob Such</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Atkinson_(politician)" title="Michael Atkinson (politician)">Michael Atkinson</a></small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1989_South_Australian_state_election" title="1989 South Australian state election">1989</a> </td> <td>Joint Fathers </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 October 2014 </td> <td>17 March 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Atkinson_(politician)" title="Michael Atkinson (politician)">Michael Atkinson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1989_South_Australian_state_election" title="1989 South Australian state election">1989</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 March 2018 </td> <td>19 March 2022 </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Frances_Bedford" title="Frances Bedford">Frances Bedford</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Koutsantonis" title="Tom Koutsantonis">Tom Koutsantonis</a></small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_South_Australian_state_election" title="1997 South Australian state election">1997</a> </td> <td>Joint Father/Mother </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 March 2022 </td> <td>Present </td> <td><small> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Koutsantonis" title="Tom Koutsantonis">Tom Koutsantonis</a></small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_South_Australian_state_election" title="1997 South Australian state election">1997</a> </td> <td>Father </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_South_Australian_state_election" title="2022 South Australian state election">2022 South Australian state election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_elections_in_South_Australia" title="List of elections in South Australia">List of elections in South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Australian_state_by-elections" class="mw-redirect" title="List of South Australian state by-elections">List of South Australian state by-elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly">Members of the South Australian House of Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliaments_of_the_Australian_states_and_territories" title="Parliaments of the Australian states and territories">Parliaments of the Australian states and territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Electoral_Districts" class="mw-redirect" title="South Australian Electoral Districts">South Australian Electoral Districts</a> (for the House of Assembly)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Current <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> MPs: <a href="/wiki/Troy_Bell_(politician)" title="Troy Bell (politician)">Troy Bell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mount_Gambier" title="Electoral district of Mount Gambier">Mount Gambier</a>), <a href="/wiki/Leon_Bignell" title="Leon Bignell">Leon Bignell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Mawson" title="Electoral district of Mawson">Mawson</a>), <a href="/wiki/Geoff_Brock" title="Geoff Brock">Geoff Brock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Stuart" title="Electoral district of Stuart">Stuart</a>), <a href="/wiki/Dan_Cregan" title="Dan Cregan">Dan Cregan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Kavel" title="Electoral district of Kavel">Kavel</a>), <a href="/wiki/Fraser_Ellis" title="Fraser Ellis">Fraser Ellis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Narungga" title="Electoral district of Narungga">Narungga</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Nick_McBride" title="Nick McBride">Nick McBride</a> (<a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_MacKillop" title="Electoral district of MacKillop">MacKillop</a>, with Cregan serving in the Cabinet).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110329160732/http://www.parliament.sa.gov.au/education/teachers/Documents/Women%27s%20Petition%20Photograph.pdf">"Women's Suffrage Petition 1894: parliament.sa.gov.au"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.sa.gov.au/education/teachers/Documents/Women's%20Petition%20Photograph.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 29 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Women%27s+Suffrage+Petition+1894%3A+parliament.sa.gov.au&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.sa.gov.au%2Feducation%2Fteachers%2FDocuments%2FWomen%27s%2520Petition%2520Photograph.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Australian+House+of+Assembly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History of South Australia Elections, House of Assembly, volume 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Constitution (Independent Speaker) Amendment Act 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120709065419/http://www.history.sa.gov.au/history/Democracy%20Conference/JaenschPARTIES.pdf">Labor and Liberal Parties, SA, Dean Jaensch</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221206011920/https://archive.ph/2012.07.09-065419/http://www.history.sa.gov.au/history/Democracy%20Conference/JaenschPARTIES.pdf">Archived</a> 6 December 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, "A 2:1 ratio of enrolments in favour of the rural areas was in force from 1936."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-access-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-access_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-access_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-access_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaensch2002" class="citation news cs1">Jaensch, Dean (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308203426/http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?view=document&id=479">"Community access to the electoral processes in South Australia since 1850"</a>. South Australian State Electoral Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?view=document&id=479">the original</a> on 8 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Community+access+to+the+electoral+processes+in+South+Australia+since+1850&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Jaensch&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecsa.sa.gov.au%2Fpublications%3Fview%3Ddocument%26id%3D479&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Australian+House+of+Assembly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Metropolitan 2PP correctly calculated by adding raw metro 2PP vote numbers from the 34 metro seats, both Labor and Liberal, then dividing Labor's raw metro 2PP vote from the total, which revealed a Labor metropolitan 2PP of 51.54%. Obtained raw metro 2PP vote numbers from ECSA <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?view=document&id=1006">2014 election statistics</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307214109/http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?view=document&id=1006">Archived</a> 7 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, ECSA <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/elections/state-elections/past-state-election-results/7678?view=result">2014 Heysen election</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141211062918/http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/elections/state-elections/past-state-election-results/7678?view=result">Archived</a> 11 December 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> and ABC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/elections/sa/2014/fisher/">2014 Fisher by-election</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201114231927/http://www.abc.net.au/elections/sa/2014/fisher/">Archived</a> 14 November 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunstan1976" class="citation news cs1">Dunstan, Don (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dspace.flinders.edu.au/xmlui/bitstream/handle/2328/27911/2931.pdf">"John Curtin Memorial Lecture: Electoral reform in South Australia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=John+Curtin+Memorial+Lecture%3A+Electoral+reform+in+South+Australia&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Dunstan&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdspace.flinders.edu.au%2Fxmlui%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F2328%2F27911%2F2931.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Australian+House+of+Assembly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaensch2002" class="citation news cs1">Jaensch, Dean (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308203426/http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?view=document&id=479">"Community access to the electoral processes in South Australia since 1850"</a>. South Australian State Electoral Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?view=document&id=479">the original</a> on 8 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Community+access+to+the+electoral+processes+in+South+Australia+since+1850&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Jaensch&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecsa.sa.gov.au%2Fpublications%3Fview%3Ddocument%26id%3D479&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Australian+House+of+Assembly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJaensch2007" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dean_Jaensch" title="Dean Jaensch">Jaensch, Dean</a> (1 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140302093743/http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?task=document.download&id=480">"History of South Australian elections 1857-2006, volume 1"</a>. <a href="/wiki/State_Electoral_Office_of_South_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="State Electoral Office of South Australia">State Electoral Office of South Australia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/publications?task=document.download&id=480">the original</a> on 2 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+South+Australian+elections+1857-2006%2C+volume+1&rft.pub=State+Electoral+Office+of+South+Australia&rft.date=2007-03-01&rft.aulast=Jaensch&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecsa.sa.gov.au%2Fpublications%3Ftask%3Ddocument.download%26id%3D480&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASouth+Australian+House+of+Assembly" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.sa.gov.au/HouseofAssembly/Pages/HouseofAssembly.aspx">House of Assembly Homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.sa.gov.au/Hansard/Pages/GeneralHansardInformation.aspx">General Hansard Information</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Parliaments_of_Australia_–_Federal,_states_and_territories" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parliaments_of_Australia" title="Template:Parliaments of Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parliaments_of_Australia" title="Template talk:Parliaments of Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parliaments of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parliaments_of_Australia_–_Federal,_states_and_territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Parliaments of Australia – Federal, states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Federal</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="6" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia#States_and_territories" title="States and territories of Australia">States</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia#States_and_territories" title="States and territories of Australia">Internal Territories</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Australia" title="Parliament of Australia">Australia</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Australian_Senate" title="Australian Senate">Senate</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">House of Rep.</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_New_South_Wales" title="Parliament of New South Wales">New South Wales</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales_Legislative_Council" title="New South Wales Legislative Council">Council</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales_Legislative_Assembly" title="New South Wales Legislative Assembly">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Queensland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Queensland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Queensland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Queensland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Queensland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Queensland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Queensland" title="Parliament of Queensland">Queensland</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Queensland_Legislative_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Queensland Legislative Council">Council</a></i> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Queensland" title="Legislative Assembly of Queensland">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_South_Australia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Parliament of South Australia">South Australia</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Legislative_Council" title="South Australian Legislative Council">Council</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Tasmania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tasmania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Tasmania" title="Parliament of Tasmania">Tasmania</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_Legislative_Council" title="Tasmanian Legislative Council">Council</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Tasmanian_House_of_Assembly" title="Tasmanian House of Assembly">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Victoria_%28Australia%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Victoria_%28Australia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Victoria_%28Australia%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Victoria_%28Australia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Victoria_%28Australia%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Victoria_%28Australia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Victoria" title="Parliament of Victoria">Victoria</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Legislative_Council" title="Victorian Legislative Council">Council</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Victorian_Legislative_Assembly" title="Victorian Legislative Assembly">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Western_Australia" title="Parliament of Western Australia">Western Australia</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Western_Australian_Legislative_Council" title="Western Australian Legislative Council">Council</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Western_Australian_Legislative_Assembly" title="Western Australian Legislative Assembly">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory_Legislative_Assembly" title="Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly">Australian Capital Territory</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory_Legislative_Assembly" title="Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:silver;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_the_Northern_Territory.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Northern_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_the_Northern_Territory.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Northern_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_the_Northern_Territory.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Northern_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Northern_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of the Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:silver;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory_Legislative_Assembly" title="Northern Territory Legislative Assembly">Assembly</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Members_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Template:Members of the Parliament of South Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Members_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Template talk:Members of the Parliament of South Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Members_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Members of the Parliament of South Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Parliament_of_South_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Parliament of South Australia">Parliament of South Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Assembly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1857%E2%80%931860" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1857–1860">1857–1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1860%E2%80%931862" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1860–1862">1860–1862</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1862%E2%80%931865" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1862–1865">1862–1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1865%E2%80%931868" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1865–1868">1865–1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1868%E2%80%931870" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1868–1870">1868–1870</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1870%E2%80%9371" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1870–71">1870–1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1871%E2%80%931875" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1871–1875">1871–1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1875%E2%80%931878" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1875–1878">1875–1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1878%E2%80%931881" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1878–1881">1878–1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1881%E2%80%931884" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1881–1884">1881–1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1884%E2%80%931887" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1884–1887">1884–1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1887%E2%80%931890" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1887–1890">1887–1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1890%E2%80%931893" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1890–1893">1890–1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1893%E2%80%931896" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1893–1896">1893–1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1896%E2%80%931899" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1896–1899">1896–1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1899%E2%80%931902" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1899–1902">1899–1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1902%E2%80%931905" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1902–1905">1902–1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1905%E2%80%931906" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1905–1906">1905–1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1906%E2%80%931910" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1906–1910">1906–1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1910%E2%80%931912" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1910–1912">1910–1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1912%E2%80%931915" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1912–1915">1912–1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1915%E2%80%931918" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1915–1918">1915–1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1918%E2%80%931921" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1918–1921">1918–1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1921%E2%80%931924" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1921–1924">1921–1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1924%E2%80%931927" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1924–1927">1924–1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1927%E2%80%931930" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1927–1930">1927–1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1930%E2%80%931933" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1930–1933">1930–1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1933%E2%80%931938" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1933–1938">1933–1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1938%E2%80%931941" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1938–1941">1938–1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1941%E2%80%931944" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1941–1944">1941–1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1944%E2%80%931947" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1944–1947">1944–1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1947%E2%80%931950" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1947–1950">1947–1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1950%E2%80%931953" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1950–1953">1950–1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1953%E2%80%931956" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1953–1956">1953–1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1956%E2%80%931959" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1956–1959">1956–1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1959%E2%80%931962" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1959–1962">1959–1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1962%E2%80%931965" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1962–1965">1962–1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1965%E2%80%931968" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1965–1968">1965–1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1968%E2%80%931970" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1968–1970">1968–1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1970%E2%80%931973" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1970–1973">1970–1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1973%E2%80%931975" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1973–1975">1973–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1975%E2%80%931977" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1975–1977">1975–1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1977%E2%80%931979" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1977–1979">1977–1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1979%E2%80%931982" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1979–1982">1979–1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1982%E2%80%931985" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1982–1985">1982–1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1985%E2%80%931989" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1985–1989">1985–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1989%E2%80%931993" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1989–1993">1989–1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1993%E2%80%931997" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1993–1997">1993–1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_1997%E2%80%932002" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1997–2002">1997–2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2002%E2%80%932006" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2002–2006">2002–2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2006%E2%80%932010" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2006–2010">2006–2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2010%E2%80%932014" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2010–2014">2010–2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2014%E2%80%932018" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2014–2018">2014–2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2018%E2%80%932022" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2018–2022">2018–2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2022%E2%80%932026" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2022–2026">2022–2026</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="903" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Legislative_Council" title="South Australian Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1836%E2%80%931843" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1836–1843">1836–1843</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1843%E2%80%931851" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1843–1851">1843–1851</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1851%E2%80%931855" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1851–1855">1851–1855</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1855%E2%80%931857" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1855–1857">1855–1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1857%E2%80%931861" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1857–1861">1857–1861</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1861%E2%80%931865" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1861–1865">1861–1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1865%E2%80%931869" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1865–1869">1865–1869</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1869%E2%80%931873" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1869–1873">1869–1873</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1873%E2%80%931877" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1873–1877">1873–1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1877%E2%80%931881" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1877–1881">1877–1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1881%E2%80%931885" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1881–1885">1881–1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1885%E2%80%931888" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1885–1888">1885–1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1888%E2%80%931891" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1888–1891">1888–1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1891%E2%80%931894" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1891–1894">1891–1894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1894%E2%80%931897" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1894–1897">1894–1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1897%E2%80%931900" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1897–1900">1897–1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1900%E2%80%931902" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1900–1902">1900–1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1902%E2%80%931905" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1902–1905">1902–1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1905%E2%80%931908" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1905–1908">1905–1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1908%E2%80%931910" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1908–1910">1908–1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1910%E2%80%931912" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1910–1912">1910–1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1912%E2%80%931915" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1912–1915">1912–1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1915%E2%80%931918" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1915–1918">1915–1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1918%E2%80%931921" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1918–1921">1918–1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1921%E2%80%931924" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1921–1924">1921–1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1924%E2%80%931927" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1924–1927">1924–1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1927%E2%80%931930" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1927–1930">1927–1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1930%E2%80%931933" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1930–1933">1930–1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1933%E2%80%931938" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1933–1938">1933–1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1938%E2%80%931941" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1938–1941">1938–1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1941%E2%80%931944" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1941–1944">1941–1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1944%E2%80%931947" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1944–1947">1944–1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1947%E2%80%931950" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1947–1950">1947–1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1950%E2%80%931953" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1950–1953">1950–1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1953%E2%80%931956" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1953–1956">1953–1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1956%E2%80%931959" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1956–1959">1956–1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1959%E2%80%931962" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1959–1962">1959–1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1962%E2%80%931965" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1962–1965">1962–1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1965%E2%80%931968" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1965–1968">1965–1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1968%E2%80%931970" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1968–1970">1968–1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1970%E2%80%931973" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1970–1973">1970–1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1973%E2%80%931975" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1973–1975">1973–1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1975%E2%80%931979" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1975–1979">1975–1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1979%E2%80%931982" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1979–1982">1979–1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1982%E2%80%931985" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1982–1985">1982–1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1985%E2%80%931989" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1985–1989">1985–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1989%E2%80%931993" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1989–1993">1989–1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1993%E2%80%931997" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1993–1997">1993–1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_1997%E2%80%932002" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 1997–2002">1997–2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_2002%E2%80%932006" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2002–2006">2002–2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_2006%E2%80%932010" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2006–2010">2006–2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_2010%E2%80%932014" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2010–2014">2010–2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_2014%E2%80%932018" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2014–2018">2014–2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_2018%E2%80%932022" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2018–2022">2018–2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_2022%E2%80%932026" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2022–2026">2022–2026</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Elections_and_referendums_in_South_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Australian_elections" title="Template:South Australian elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_Australian_elections" title="Template talk:South Australian elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_Australian_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South Australian elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Elections_and_referendums_in_South_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_elections_in_South_Australia" title="List of elections in South Australia">Elections and referendums in South Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Parliament of South Australia">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1851_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1851 South Australian colonial election">1851</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1855_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1855 South Australian colonial election">1855</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1857_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1857 South Australian colonial election">1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1860 South Australian colonial election">1860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1862_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1862 South Australian colonial election">1862</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1865 South Australian colonial election">1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1868 South Australian colonial election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1870 South Australian colonial election">1870</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1871 South Australian colonial election">1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1875 South Australian colonial election">1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1878 South Australian colonial election">1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1881 South Australian colonial election">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1884 South Australian colonial election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1887 South Australian colonial election">1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1890_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1890 South Australian colonial election">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1893 South Australian colonial election">1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1896 South Australian colonial election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_South_Australian_colonial_election" title="1899 South Australian colonial election">1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_South_Australian_state_election" title="1902 South Australian state election">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_South_Australian_state_election" title="1905 South Australian state election">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_South_Australian_state_election" title="1906 South Australian state election">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1910_South_Australian_state_election" title="1910 South Australian state election">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_South_Australian_state_election" title="1912 South Australian state election">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_South_Australian_state_election" title="1915 South Australian state election">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_South_Australian_state_election" title="1918 South Australian state election">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_South_Australian_state_election" title="1921 South Australian state election">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_South_Australian_state_election" title="1924 South Australian state election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_South_Australian_state_election" title="1927 South Australian state election">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_South_Australian_state_election" title="1930 South Australian state election">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_South_Australian_state_election" title="1933 South Australian state election">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_South_Australian_state_election" title="1938 South Australian state election">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_South_Australian_state_election" title="1941 South Australian state election">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_South_Australian_state_election" title="1944 South Australian state election">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_South_Australian_state_election" title="1947 South Australian state election">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_South_Australian_state_election" title="1950 South Australian state election">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_South_Australian_state_election" title="1953 South Australian state election">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_South_Australian_state_election" title="1956 South Australian state election">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_South_Australian_state_election" title="1959 South Australian state election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_South_Australian_state_election" title="1962 South Australian state election">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_South_Australian_state_election" title="1965 South Australian state election">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_South_Australian_state_election" title="1968 South Australian state election">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_South_Australian_state_election" title="1970 South Australian state election">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_South_Australian_state_election" title="1973 South Australian state election">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_South_Australian_state_election" title="1975 South Australian state election">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_South_Australian_state_election" title="1977 South Australian state election">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_South_Australian_state_election" title="1979 South Australian state election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_South_Australian_state_election" title="1982 South Australian state election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_South_Australian_state_election" title="1985 South Australian state election">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_South_Australian_state_election" title="1989 South Australian state election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_South_Australian_state_election" title="1993 South Australian state election">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_South_Australian_state_election" title="1997 South Australian state election">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_South_Australian_state_election" title="2002 South Australian state election">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_South_Australian_state_election" title="2006 South Australian state election">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_South_Australian_state_election" title="2010 South Australian state election">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_South_Australian_state_election" title="2014 South Australian state election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_South_Australian_state_election" title="2018 South Australian state election">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_South_Australian_state_election" title="2022 South Australian state election">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2026_South_Australian_state_election" title="2026 South Australian state election"><i>2026</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Legislative_Council" title="South Australian Legislative Council">Legislative Council elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1861_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1861 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1861</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1865_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1865 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1865</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1869_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1869 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1869</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1873_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1873 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1873</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1877_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1877 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1882_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election" title="1882 South Australian Legislative Council election">1882</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1885_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1885 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1885</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1888_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1888 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1891_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1891 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1891</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1894_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1894 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1897_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1897 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1900_South_Australian_Legislative_Council_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1900 South Australian Legislative Council election (page does not exist)">1900</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_South_Australia" title="Local government areas of South Australia">Local elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1987 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1989_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1989 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1993_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1993 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1995_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1995 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003_South_Australian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003 South Australian local elections (page does not exist)">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_South_Australian_local_elections" title="2006 South Australian local elections">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_South_Australian_local_elections" title="2010 South Australian local elections">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_South_Australian_local_elections" title="2014 South Australian local elections">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_South_Australian_local_elections" title="2018 South Australian local elections">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_South_Australian_local_elections" title="2022 South Australian local elections">2022</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2026_South_Australian_local_elections" title="2026 South Australian local elections">2026</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Indigenous_advisory_bodies#South_Australia" title="Australian Indigenous advisory bodies">First Nations Voice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_South_Australian_First_Nations_Voice_election" title="2024 South Australian First Nations Voice election">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2026_South_Australian_First_Nations_Voice_election" title="2026 South Australian First Nations Voice election"><i>2026</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1896_South_Australian_referendum" title="1896 South Australian referendum">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898%E2%80%931900_Australian_constitutional_referendums" title="1898–1900 Australian constitutional referendums">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898%E2%80%931900_Australian_constitutional_referendums" title="1898–1900 Australian constitutional referendums">1899</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1911_South_Australian_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1911 South Australian referendum (page does not exist)">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1915_South_Australian_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1915 South Australian referendum (page does not exist)">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1965_South_Australian_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1965 South Australian referendum (page does not exist)">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1970_South_Australian_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1970 South Australian referendum (page does not exist)">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1982_South_Australian_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1982 South Australian referendum (page does not exist)">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_South_Australian_electoral_boundaries_referendum" title="1991 South Australian electoral boundaries referendum">1991</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly_by-elections" title="List of South Australian House of Assembly by-elections">by-elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Government_of_South_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Government_of_South_Australia" title="Template:Government of South Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Government_of_South_Australia" title="Template talk:Government of South Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Government_of_South_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Government of South Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Government_of_South_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Australia" title="Government of South Australia">Government of South Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Australia" title="Monarchy of Australia">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Australia" title="Governor of South Australia">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_South_Australia" title="Cabinet of South Australia">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_South_Australia" title="Premier of South Australia">Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Premier_of_South_Australia" title="Deputy Premier of South Australia">Deputy Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_South_Australia" title="Treasurer of South Australia">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney-General_of_South_Australia" title="Attorney-General of South Australia">Attorney-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australia_Police" title="South Australia Police">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_South_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="903" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_South_Australia" title="Parliament of South Australia">Parliament</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">House of Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Legislative_Council" title="South Australian Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly" title="Speaker of the South Australian House of Assembly">Speaker of the House of Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council" title="President of the South Australian Legislative Council">President of the Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_House_of_Assembly,_2018%E2%80%932022" title="Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2018–2022">MHAs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_South_Australian_Legislative_Council,_2018%E2%80%932022" title="Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2018–2022">MLCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(South_Australia)" title="Leader of the Opposition (South Australia)">Opposition Leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_districts_of_South_Australia" title="Electoral districts of South Australia">Electoral districts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">Judicial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_South_Australia" title="Supreme Court of South Australia">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Court_of_South_Australia" title="District Court of South Australia">District Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Australian_Employment_Court" title="South Australian Employment Court">Employment Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magistrates_Court_of_South_Australia" title="Magistrates Court of South Australia">Magistrates Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coroner%27s_Court_of_South_Australia" title="Coroner's Court of South Australia">Coroner's Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Australian_courts_and_tribunals" title="List of South Australian courts and tribunals">Other courts and tribunals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=South_Australian_House_of_Assembly&params=34_55_16_S_138_35_55_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°55′16″S</span> <span 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