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boundary condition</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: convective boundary condition"> <meta name="keywords" content="convective boundary condition"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="convective boundary condition"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5133</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: convective boundary condition</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4953</span> The Use of Performance Indicators for Evaluating Models of Drying Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.): Page, Midilli, and Lewis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20S.%20C.%20Soares">D. S. C. Soares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20G.%20Costa"> D. G. Costa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20T.%20S."> J. T. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20S.%20Abud"> A. K. S. Abud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20P.%20Nunes"> T. P. Nunes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Oliveira%20J%C3%BAnior"> A. M. Oliveira Júnior</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical models of drying are used for the purpose of understanding the drying process in order to determine important parameters for design and operation of the dryer. The jackfruit is a fruit with high consumption in the Northeast and perishability. It is necessary to apply techniques to improve their conservation for longer in order to diffuse it by regions with low consumption. This study aimed to analyse several mathematical models (Page, Lewis, and Midilli) to indicate one that best fits the conditions of convective drying process using performance indicators associated with each model: accuracy (Af) and noise factors (Bf), mean square error (RMSE) and standard error of prediction (% SEP). Jackfruit drying was carried out in convective type tray dryer at a temperature of 50°C for 9 hours. It is observed that the model Midili was more accurate with Af: 1.39, Bf: 1.33, RMSE: 0.01%, and SEP: 5.34. However, the use of the Model Midilli is not appropriate for purposes of control process due to need four tuning parameters. With the performance indicators used in this paper, the Page model showed similar results with only two parameters. It is concluded that the best correlation between the experimental and estimated data is given by the Page’s model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying" title="drying">drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=models" title=" models"> models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackfruit" title=" jackfruit"> jackfruit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotechnology" title=" biotechnology"> biotechnology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2648/the-use-of-performance-indicators-for-evaluating-models-of-drying-jackfruit-artocarpus-heterophyllus-l-page-midilli-and-lewis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4952</span> CFD Simulation and Experimental Validation of the Bubble-Induced Flow during Electrochemical Water Splitting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Wosiak">Gabriel Wosiak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeyse%20da%20Silva"> Jeyse da Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sthefany%20S.%20Sena"> Sthefany S. Sena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renato%20N.%20de%20Andrade"> Renato N. de Andrade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernesto%20Pereira"> Ernesto Pereira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The bubble formation during hydrogen production by electrolysis and several electrochemical processes is an inherent phenomenon and can impact the energy consumption of the processes. In this work, it was reported both experimental and computational results describe the effect of bubble displacement, which, under the cases investigated, leads to the formation of a convective flow in the solution. The process is self-sustained, and a solution vortex is formed, which modifies the bubble growth and covering at the electrode surface. Using the experimental data, we have built a model to simulate it, which, with high accuracy, describes the phenomena. Then, it simulated many different experimental conditions and evaluated the effects of the boundary conditions on the bubble surface covering the surface. We have observed a position-dependent bubble covering the surface, which has an effect on the water-splitting efficiency. It was shown that the bubble covering is not uniform at the electrode surface, and using statistical analysis; it was possible to evaluate the influence of the gas type (H2 and O2), current density, and the bubble size (and cross-effects) on the covering fraction and the asymmetric behavior over the electrode surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20splitting" title="water splitting">water splitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bubble" title=" bubble"> bubble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrolysis" title=" electrolysis"> electrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20production" title=" hydrogen production"> hydrogen production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151356/cfd-simulation-and-experimental-validation-of-the-bubble-induced-flow-during-electrochemical-water-splitting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4951</span> Environment Saving and Efficiency of Diesel Heat-Insulated Combustion Chamber Using Semitransparent Ceramic Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Yu.%20Garnova">Victoria Yu. Garnova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20G.%20Merzlikin"> Vladimir G. Merzlikin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20V.%20Khudyakov"> Sergey V. Khudyakov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valeriy%20A.%20Tovstonog"> Valeriy A. Tovstonog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svyatoslav%20V.%20Cheranev"> Svyatoslav V. Cheranev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Long-term scientific forecasts confirm that diesel engines still will be the basis of the transport and stationary power in the near future. This is explained by their high efficiency and profitability compared to other types of heat engines. In the automotive industry carried basic researches are aimed at creating a new generation of diesel engines with reduced exhaust emissions (with stable performance) determining the minimum impact on the environment. The application of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and especially their modifications based on semitransparent ceramic materials allows solving this problem. For such researches, the preliminary stage of testing of physical characteristics materials and coatings especially with semitransparent properties the authors proposed experimental operating innovative radiative-and-convective cycling simulator. This setup contains original radiation sources (imitator) with tunable spectrum for modeling integral flux up to several MW/m2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment%20saving" title="environment saving">environment saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiative%20and%20convective%20cycling%20simulator" title=" radiative and convective cycling simulator"> radiative and convective cycling simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semitransparent%20ceramic%20coatings" title=" semitransparent ceramic coatings"> semitransparent ceramic coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imitator%20radiant%20energy" title=" imitator radiant energy"> imitator radiant energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36494/environment-saving-and-efficiency-of-diesel-heat-insulated-combustion-chamber-using-semitransparent-ceramic-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4950</span> Forage Quality of Chickpea - Barley as Affected by Mixed Cropping System in Water Stress Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Rafiee">Masoud Rafiee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To study the quality response of forage to chickpea-barley mixed cropping under drought stress and vermicompost consumption, an experiment was carried out under well watered and %70 water requirement (stress condition) in RCBD as split plot with four replications in temperate condition of Khorramabad in 2013. Chickpea-barley mix cropping (%100 chickpea, %75:25 chickpea:barley, %50:50 chickpea:barley, %25:75 chickpea:barley, and %100 barley) was studied. Results showed that wet and dry forage yield were significantly affected by environment and decreased in stress condition. Also, crude protein content decreased from %26.2 in well watered to %17.3 in stress condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20protein" title="crude protein">crude protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20forage%20yield" title=" wet forage yield"> wet forage yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20forage%20yield" title=" dry forage yield"> dry forage yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20stress%20condition" title=" water stress condition"> water stress condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=well%20watered" title=" well watered"> well watered</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31169/forage-quality-of-chickpea-barley-as-affected-by-mixed-cropping-system-in-water-stress-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4949</span> Effect of Slip Condition and Magnetic Field on Unsteady MHD Thin Film Flow of a Third Grade Fluid with Heat Transfer down an Inclined Plane</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Aiyesimi">Y. M. Aiyesimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20T.%20Okedayo"> G. T. Okedayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20W.%20Lawal"> O. W. Lawal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis has been carried out to study unsteady MHD thin film flow of a third grade fluid down an inclined plane with heat transfer when the slippage between the surface of plane and the lower surface of the fluid is valid. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations involved are reduced to linear partial differential equations using regular perturbation method. The resulting equations were solved analytically using method of separation of variable and eigenfunctions expansion. The solutions obtained were examined and discussed graphically. It is interesting to find that the variation of the velocity and temperature profile with the slip and magnetic field parameter depends on time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-Newtonian%20fluid" title="non-Newtonian fluid">non-Newtonian fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MHD%20flow" title=" MHD flow"> MHD flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film%20flow" title=" thin film flow"> thin film flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20grade%20fluid" title=" third grade fluid"> third grade fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20boundary%20condition" title=" slip boundary condition"> slip boundary condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation%20of%20variable" title=" separation of variable"> separation of variable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenfunction%20expansion" title=" eigenfunction expansion"> eigenfunction expansion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4836/effect-of-slip-condition-and-magnetic-field-on-unsteady-mhd-thin-film-flow-of-a-third-grade-fluid-with-heat-transfer-down-an-inclined-plane" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4948</span> Influence of Mass Flow Rate on Forced Convective Heat Transfer through a Nanofluid Filled Direct Absorption Solar Collector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Parvin">Salma Parvin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Alim"> M. A. Alim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The convective and radiative heat transfer performance and entropy generation on forced convection through a direct absorption solar collector (DASC) is investigated numerically. Four different fluids, including Cu-water nanofluid, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-waternanofluid, TiO<sub>2</sub>-waternanofluid, and pure water are used as the working fluid. Entropy production has been taken into account in addition to the collector efficiency and heat transfer enhancement. Penalty finite element method with Galerkin’s weighted residual technique is used to solve the governing non-linear partial differential equations. Numerical simulations are performed for the variation of mass flow rate. The outcomes are presented in the form of isotherms, average output temperature, the average Nusselt number, collector efficiency, average entropy generation, and Bejan number. The results present that the rate of heat transfer and collector efficiency enhance significantly for raising the values of <em>m</em> up to a certain range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DASC" title="DASC">DASC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title=" forced convection"> forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20flow%20rate" title=" mass flow rate"> mass flow rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66116/influence-of-mass-flow-rate-on-forced-convective-heat-transfer-through-a-nanofluid-filled-direct-absorption-solar-collector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4947</span> Numerical Studies on Bypass Thrust Augmentation Using Convective Heat Transfer in Turbofan Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Adwaith">R. Adwaith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Gopinath"> J. Gopinath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasantha%20Kohila%20B."> Vasantha Kohila B.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Chandru"> R. Chandru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arul%20Prakash%20R."> Arul Prakash R.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The turbofan engine is a type of air breathing engine that is widely used in aircraft propulsion produces thrust mainly from the mass-flow of air bypassing the engine core. The present research has developed an effective method numerically by increasing the thrust generated from the bypass air. This thrust increase is brought about by heating the walls of the bypass valve from the combustion chamber using convective heat transfer method. It is achieved computationally by the use external heat to enhance the velocity of bypass air of turbofan engines. The bypass valves are either heated externally using multicell tube resistor which convert electricity generated by dynamos into heat or heat is transferred from the combustion chamber. This increases the temperature of the flow in the valves and thereby increase the velocity of the flow that enters the nozzle of the engine. As a result, mass-flow of air passing the core engine for producing more thrust can be significantly reduced thereby saving considerable amount of Jet fuel. Numerical analysis has been carried out on a scaled down version of a typical turbofan bypass valve, where the valve wall temperature has been increased to 700 Kelvin. It is observed from the analysis that, the exit velocity contributing to thrust has significantly increased by 10 % due to the heating of by-pass valve. The degree of optimum increase in the temperature, and the corresponding effect in the increase of jet velocity is calculated to determine the operating temperature range for efficient increase in velocity. The technique used in the research increases the thrust by using heated by-pass air without extracting much work from the fuel and thus improve the efficiency of existing turbofan engines. Dimensional analysis has been carried to prove the accuracy of the results obtained numerically. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbofan%20engine" title="turbofan engine">turbofan engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bypass%20valve" title=" bypass valve"> bypass valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-cell%20tube" title=" multi-cell tube"> multi-cell tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20heat%20transfer" title=" convective heat transfer"> convective heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thrust" title=" thrust"> thrust</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30054/numerical-studies-on-bypass-thrust-augmentation-using-convective-heat-transfer-in-turbofan-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4946</span> Primary Resonance in Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Pipeline Close to a Plane Boundary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yiming%20Jin">Yiming Jin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ping%20Dong"> Ping Dong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The primary resonance of a pipeline close to a plane boundary is investigated in this paper. Based on classic Van der Pol equation and added a nonlinear item, a new wake oscillator model is proposed to predict the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a circular cylinder close to a plane boundary. Then, with the multi-scale method, the approximate solution for the case of the primary resonance is obtained. Besides, to study the characteristic of the primary resonance, the effects of the mass ration, frequency, damp ratio and gap ratio on the frequency-response curves of the pipeline are analysed. On the whole, the trend of the numerical results match up with that of the experimental data well and the mass ration, frequency, damp ratio and gap ratio play an important role in the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a circular cylinder close to a plane boundary, especially, the smaller is the mass ratio, the larger impact the gap ratio has on the frequency-response curves of the primary resonance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20resonance" title="primary resonance">primary resonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gap%20ratio" title=" gap ratio"> gap ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex-induced%20vibration" title=" vortex-induced vibration"> vortex-induced vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-scale%20method" title=" multi-scale method"> multi-scale method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42055/primary-resonance-in-vortex-induced-vibration-of-a-pipeline-close-to-a-plane-boundary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4945</span> Spatial Variation of WRF Model Rainfall Prediction over Uganda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaac%20Mugume">Isaac Mugume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Basalirwa"> Charles Basalirwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Waiswa"> Daniel Waiswa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Triphonia%20Ngailo"> Triphonia Ngailo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rainfall is a major climatic parameter affecting many sectors such as health, agriculture and water resources. Its quantitative prediction remains a challenge to weather forecasters although numerical weather prediction models are increasingly being used for rainfall prediction. The performance of six convective parameterization schemes, namely the Kain-Fritsch scheme, the Betts-Miller-Janjic scheme, the Grell-Deveny scheme, the Grell-3D scheme, the Grell-Fretas scheme, the New Tiedke scheme of the weather research and forecast (WRF) model regarding quantitative rainfall prediction over Uganda is investigated using the root mean square error for the March-May (MAM) 2013 season. The MAM 2013 seasonal rainfall amount ranged from 200 mm to 900 mm over Uganda with northern region receiving comparatively lower rainfall amount (200–500 mm); western Uganda (270–550 mm); eastern Uganda (400–900 mm) and the lake Victoria basin (400–650 mm). A spatial variation in simulated rainfall amount by different convective parameterization schemes was noted with the Kain-Fritsch scheme over estimating the rainfall amount over northern Uganda (300–750 mm) but also presented comparable rainfall amounts over the eastern Uganda (400–900 mm). The Betts-Miller-Janjic, the Grell-Deveny, and the Grell-3D underestimated the rainfall amount over most parts of the country especially the eastern region (300–600 mm). The Grell-Fretas captured rainfall amount over the northern region (250–450 mm) but also underestimated rainfall over the lake Victoria Basin (150–300 mm) while the New Tiedke generally underestimated rainfall amount over many areas of Uganda. For deterministic rainfall prediction, the Grell-Fretas is recommended for rainfall prediction over northern Uganda while the Kain-Fritsch scheme is recommended over eastern region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20parameterization%20schemes" title="convective parameterization schemes">convective parameterization schemes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=March-May%202013%20rainfall%20season" title=" March-May 2013 rainfall season"> March-May 2013 rainfall season</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20variation%20of%20parameterization%20schemes%20over%20Uganda" title=" spatial variation of parameterization schemes over Uganda"> spatial variation of parameterization schemes over Uganda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRF%20model" title=" WRF model"> WRF model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69722/spatial-variation-of-wrf-model-rainfall-prediction-over-uganda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4944</span> Mixed Convective Heat Transfer of Flow around a Radial Heat Sink</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benkherbache%20Souad">Benkherbache Souad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents the numerical results of the mixed convective heat transfer of a three-dimensional flow around a radial heat sink composed of horizontal circular base fitted with rectangular fins. The governing equations of mass, momentum, and energy equation are solved by the finite volume method using the commercially available CFD software Fluent 6.3.26. The circular base of the heat sink is subjected to uniform heat generation; the flow enters through the sides of the heat sink around the fins then the heat is transmitted from the base to the fins afterwards the fluid. In this study two fluids are utilized, in the first case, the air for the following Reynolds numbers Re=600,900,1200 and a Grashof number Gr=3.7x10⁶, in the second case a water based nano fluid for which two types of nano particles (Cu and Al₂O₃) are carried out for Re=25 and a Richardson number Ri=2.7(Ri=Gr/Re²). The effect of the number of the fins of the heat sink as well as the type and the volume fraction of nano particles of the nano fluid were investigated. Results have been presented for N=15 and N=20 fins. The effect of the nano particles concentrations and the number of fins on the temperature in the heat sink and the Nusselt number has been studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20sink" title="heat sink">heat sink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20convection" title=" mixed convection"> mixed convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20fluid" title=" nano fluid"> nano fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volumetric%20heat%20generation" title=" volumetric heat generation"> volumetric heat generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102564/mixed-convective-heat-transfer-of-flow-around-a-radial-heat-sink" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4943</span> Inverse Scattering for a Second-Order Discrete System via Transmission Eigenvalues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdon%20Choque-Rivero">Abdon Choque-Rivero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Jacobi system with the Dirichlet boundary condition is considered on a half-line lattice when the coefficients are real valued. The inverse problem of recovery of the coefficients from various data sets containing the so-called transmission eigenvalues is analyzed. The Marchenko method is utilized to solve the corresponding inverse problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20scattering" title="inverse scattering">inverse scattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20system" title=" discrete system"> discrete system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20eigenvalues" title=" transmission eigenvalues"> transmission eigenvalues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marchenko%20method" title=" Marchenko method"> Marchenko method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125118/inverse-scattering-for-a-second-order-discrete-system-via-transmission-eigenvalues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4942</span> Numerical Simulation of Unsteady Natural Convective Nanofluid Flow within a Trapezoidal Enclosure Using Meshfree Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Nandal">S. Nandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Bhargava"> R. Bhargava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper contains a numerical study of the unsteady magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection flow of nanofluids within a symmetrical wavy walled trapezoidal enclosure. The length and height of enclosure are both considered equal to L. Two-phase nanofluid model is employed. The governing equations of nanofluid flow along with boundary conditions are non-dimensionalized and are solved using one of Meshfree technique (EFGM method). Meshfree numerical technique does not require a predefined mesh for discretization purpose. The bottom wavy wall of the enclosure is defined using a cosine function. Element free Galerkin method (EFGM) does not require the domain. The effects of various parameters namely time t, amplitude of bottom wavy wall a, Brownian motion parameter Nb and thermophoresis parameter Nt is examined on rate of heat and mass transfer to get a visualization of cooling and heating effects. Such problems have important applications in heat exchangers or solar collectors, as wavy walled enclosures enhance heat transfer in comparison to flat walled enclosures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meshfree%20methods" title=" meshfree methods"> meshfree methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trapezoidal%20enclosure" title=" trapezoidal enclosure"> trapezoidal enclosure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63284/numerical-simulation-of-unsteady-natural-convective-nanofluid-flow-within-a-trapezoidal-enclosure-using-meshfree-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4941</span> A Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Single Rod Bundles with 54 Fuel Rods without Spacers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Verma">S. K. Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20L.%20Sinha"> S. L. Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20K.%20Chandraker"> D. K. Chandraker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Advanced Heavy Water Reactor (AHWR) is a vertical pressure tube type, heavy water moderated and boiling light water cooled natural circulation based reactor. The fuel bundle of AHWR contains 54 fuel rods arranged in three concentric rings of 12, 18 and 24 fuel rods. This fuel bundle is divided into a number of imaginary interacting flow passage called subchannels. Single phase flow condition exists in reactor rod bundle during startup condition and up to certain length of rod bundle when it is operating at full power. Prediction of the thermal margin of the reactor during startup condition has necessitated the determination of the turbulent mixing rate of coolant amongst these subchannels. Thus, it is vital to evaluate turbulent mixing between subchannels of AHWR rod bundle. With the remarkable progress in the computer processing power, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology can be useful for investigating the thermal–hydraulic characteristics phenomena in the nuclear fuel assembly. The present report covers the results of simulation of pressure drop, velocity variation and turbulence intensity on single rod bundle with 54 rods in circular arrays. In this investigation, 54-rod assemblies are simulated with ANSYS Fluent 15 using steady simulations with an ANSYS Workbench meshing. The simulations have been carried out with water for Reynolds number 9861.83. The rod bundle has a mean flow area of 4853.0584 mm2 in the bare region with the hydraulic diameter of 8.105 mm. In present investigation, a benchmark k-ε model has been used as a turbulence model and the symmetry condition is set as boundary conditions. Simulation are carried out to determine the turbulent mixing rate in the simulated subchannels of the reactor. The size of rod and the pitch in the test has been same as that of actual rod bundle in the prototype. Water has been used as the working fluid and the turbulent mixing tests have been carried out at atmospheric condition without heat addition. The mean velocity in the subchannel has been varied from 0-1.2 m/s. The flow conditions are found to be closer to the actual reactor condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AHWR" title="AHWR">AHWR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-phase%20turbulent%20mixing%20rate" title=" single-phase turbulent mixing rate"> single-phase turbulent mixing rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%E2%80%93hydraulic" title=" thermal–hydraulic "> thermal–hydraulic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48737/a-computational-fluid-dynamics-simulation-of-single-rod-bundles-with-54-fuel-rods-without-spacers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4940</span> People's Perspective on Water Commons in Trans-Boundary Water Governance: A Case Study from Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sristi%20Silwal">Sristi Silwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> South Asian rivers support ecosystems and sustain well-being of thousands of riparian communities. Rivers however are also sources of conflict between countries and one of the contested issues between governments of the region. Governments have signed treaties to harness some of the rivers but their provisions have not been successful in improving the quality of life of those who depend on water as common property resources. This paper will present a case of the study of the status of the water commons along the lower command areas of Koshi, Gandka and Mahakali rivers. Nepal and India have signed treaties for development and management of these rivers in 1928, 1954 and 1966. The study investigated perceptions of the local community on climate-induced disasters, provision of the treaties such as water for irrigation, participation in decision-making and specific impact of women. It looked at how the local community coped with adversities. The study showed that the common pool resources are gradually getting degraded, flood events increasing while community blame ‘other state’ and state administration for exacerbating these ills. The level of awareness about provisions of existing treatise is poor. Ongoing approach to trans-boundary water management has taken inadequate cognizance of these realities as the dominant narrative perpetuates cooperation between the governments. The paper argues that on-going discourses on trans-boundary water development and management need to use a new metrics of taking cognizance of the condition of the commons and that of the people depended on them for sustenance. In absence of such narratives, the scale of degradation would increase making those already marginalized more vulnerable to impacts of global climate change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change%20vulnerability" title="climate change vulnerability">climate change vulnerability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperation" title=" cooperation"> cooperation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20commons" title=" water commons"> water commons</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45347/peoples-perspective-on-water-commons-in-trans-boundary-water-governance-a-case-study-from-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4939</span> Inverse Mode Shape Problem of Hand-Arm Vibration (Humerus Bone) for Bio-Dynamic Response Using Varying Boundary Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20R">Ajay R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rammohan%20B"> Rammohan B</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sridhar%20K%20S%20S"> Sridhar K S S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurusharan%20%20N"> Gurusharan N</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the work is to develop a numerical method to solve the inverse mode shape problem by determining the cross-sectional area of a structure for the desired mode shape via the vibration response study of the humerus bone, which is in the form of a cantilever beam with anisotropic material properties. The humerus bone is the long bone in the arm that connects the shoulder to the elbow. The mode shape is assumed to be a higher-order polynomial satisfying a prescribed set of boundary conditions to converge the numerical algorithm. The natural frequency and the mode shapes are calculated for different boundary conditions to find the cross-sectional area of humerus bone from Eigenmode shape with the aid of the inverse mode shape algorithm. The cross-sectional area of humerus bone validates the mode shapes of specific boundary conditions. The numerical method to solve the inverse mode shape problem is validated in the biomedical application by finding the cross-sectional area of a humerus bone in the human arm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cross-sectional%20area" title="Cross-sectional area">Cross-sectional area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Humerus%20bone" title=" Humerus bone"> Humerus bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inverse%20mode%20shape%20problem" title=" Inverse mode shape problem"> Inverse mode shape problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mode%20shape" title=" Mode shape"> Mode shape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125654/inverse-mode-shape-problem-of-hand-arm-vibration-humerus-bone-for-bio-dynamic-response-using-varying-boundary-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4938</span> Numerical Simulation of Two-Dimensional Flow over a Stationary Circular Cylinder Using Feedback Forcing Scheme Based Immersed Boundary Finite Volume Method </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjith%20Maniyeri">Ranjith Maniyeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahamed%20C.%20Saleel"> Ahamed C. Saleel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two-dimensional fluid flow over a stationary circular cylinder is one of the bench mark problem in the field of fluid-structure interaction in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Motivated by this, in the present work, a two-dimensional computational model is developed using an improved version of immersed boundary method which combines the feedback forcing scheme of the virtual boundary method with Peskin’s regularized delta function approach. Lagrangian coordinates are used to represent the cylinder and Eulerian coordinates are used to describe the fluid flow. A two-dimensional Dirac delta function is used to transfer the quantities between the sold to fluid domain. Further, continuity and momentum equations governing the fluid flow are solved using fractional step based finite volume method on a staggered Cartesian grid system. The developed code is validated by comparing the values of drag coefficient obtained for different Reynolds numbers with that of other researcher’s results. Also, through numerical simulations for different Reynolds numbers flow behavior is well captured. The stability analysis of the improved version of immersed boundary method is tested for different values of feedback forcing coefficients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feedback%20Forcing%20Scheme" title="Feedback Forcing Scheme">Feedback Forcing Scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finite%20Volume%20Method" title=" Finite Volume Method"> Finite Volume Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Immersed%20Boundary%20Method" title=" Immersed Boundary Method"> Immersed Boundary Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navier-Stokes%20Equations" title=" Navier-Stokes Equations"> Navier-Stokes Equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57963/numerical-simulation-of-two-dimensional-flow-over-a-stationary-circular-cylinder-using-feedback-forcing-scheme-based-immersed-boundary-finite-volume-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4937</span> Simulations in Structural Masonry Walls with Chases Horizontal Through Models in State Deformation Plan (2D)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20Zydeck">Raquel Zydeck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karina%20Azzolin"> Karina Azzolin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Kosteski"> Luis Kosteski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisson%20Milani"> Alisson Milani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents numerical models in plane deformations (2D), using the Discrete Element Method formedbybars (LDEM) andtheFiniteElementMethod (FEM), in structuralmasonrywallswith horizontal chasesof 20%, 30%, and 50% deep, located in the central part and 1/3 oftheupperpartofthewall, withcenteredandeccentricloading. Differentcombinationsofboundaryconditionsandinteractionsbetweenthemethodswerestudied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chases%20in%20structural%20masonry%20walls" title="chases in structural masonry walls">chases in structural masonry walls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method%20formed%20by%20bars" title=" discrete element method formed by bars"> discrete element method formed by bars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20models" title=" numerical models"> numerical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20condition" title=" boundary condition"> boundary condition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144117/simulations-in-structural-masonry-walls-with-chases-horizontal-through-models-in-state-deformation-plan-2d" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4936</span> Influence of a Pulsatile Electroosmotic Flow on the Dispersivity of a Non-Reactive Solute through a Microcapillary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaime%20Mu%C3%B1oz">Jaime Muñoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Arcos"> José Arcos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oscar%20Bautista%20Federico%20M%C3%A9ndez"> Oscar Bautista Federico Méndez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of a pulsatile electroosmotic flow (PEOF) at the rate of spread, or dispersivity, for a non-reactive solute released in a microcapillary with slippage at the boundary wall (modeled by the Navier-slip condition) is theoretically analyzed. Based on the flow velocity field developed under such conditions, the present study implements an analytical scheme of scaling known as the Theory of Homogenization, in order to obtain a mathematical expression for the dispersivity, valid at a large time scale where the initial transients have vanished and the solute spreads under the Taylor dispersion influence. Our results show the dispersivity is a function of a slip coefficient, the amplitude of the imposed electric field, the Debye length and the angular Reynolds number, highlighting the importance of the latter as an enhancement/detrimental factor on the dispersivity, which allows to promote the PEOF as a strong candidate for chemical species separation at lab-on-a-chip devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersivity" title="dispersivity">dispersivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcapillary" title=" microcapillary"> microcapillary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navier-slip%20condition" title=" Navier-slip condition"> Navier-slip condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsatile%20electroosmotic%20flow" title=" pulsatile electroosmotic flow"> pulsatile electroosmotic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taylor%20dispersion" title=" Taylor dispersion"> Taylor dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theory%20of%20Homogenization" title=" Theory of Homogenization"> Theory of Homogenization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95021/influence-of-a-pulsatile-electroosmotic-flow-on-the-dispersivity-of-a-non-reactive-solute-through-a-microcapillary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4935</span> Condition Optimization for Trypsin and Chymotrypsin Activities in Economic Animals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mallika%20Supa-Aksorn">Mallika Supa-Aksorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buaream%20Maneewan"> Buaream Maneewan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiraporn%20Rojtinnakorn"> Jiraporn Rojtinnakorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For animals, trypsin and chymotrypsin are the 2 proteases that play the important role in protein digestion and involving in growth rate. In many animals, these two enzymes are indicated as growth parameter by feed. Although enzyme assay at optimal condition is significant for its accuracy activity determination. There is less report of trypsin and chymotrypsin. Therefore, in this study, optimization of pH and temperature for trypsin (T) and chymotrypsin (C) in economic species; i.e. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), sand goby (Oxyeleotoris marmoratus), giant freshwater prawn (Macrobachium rosenberchii) and native chicken (Gallus gallus) were investigated. Each enzyme of each species was assaying for its specific activity with variation of pH in range of 2-12 and temperature in range of 30-80 °C. It revealed that, for Nile tilapia, T had optimal condition at pH 9 and temperature 50-80 °C, whereas C had optimal condition at pH 8 and temperature 60 °C. For sand goby, T had optimal condition at pH 7 and temperature of 50 °C, while C had optimal condition at pH 11 and temperature of 70-75 °C. For juvenile freshwater prawn, T had optimal condition at pH 10-11 and temperature of 60-65 °C, C had optimal condition at pH 8 and temperature of 70°C. For starter native chicken, T has optimal condition at pH 7 and temperature of 70 °C, whereas C had o optimal condition at pH 8 and temperature of 60°C. This information of optimal conditions will be high valuable in further for, actual enzyme measurement of T and C activities that benefit for growth and feed analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trypsin" title="trypsin">trypsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chymotrypsin" title=" chymotrypsin"> chymotrypsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" Oreochromis niloticus"> Oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oxyeleotoris%20marmoratus" title=" Oxyeleotoris marmoratus"> Oxyeleotoris marmoratus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Macrobachium%20rosenberchii" title=" Macrobachium rosenberchii"> Macrobachium rosenberchii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gallus%20gallus" title=" Gallus gallus"> Gallus gallus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64899/condition-optimization-for-trypsin-and-chymotrypsin-activities-in-economic-animals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4934</span> The Data-Driven Localized Wave Solution of the Fokas-Lenells Equation using PINN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gautam%20Kumar%20Saharia">Gautam Kumar Saharia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sagardeep%20Talukdar"> Sagardeep Talukdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riki%20Dutta"> Riki Dutta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudipta%20Nandy"> Sudipta Nandy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The physics informed neural network (PINN) method opens up an approach for numerically solving nonlinear partial differential equations leveraging fast calculating speed and high precession of modern computing systems. We construct the PINN based on strong universal approximation theorem and apply the initial-boundary value data and residual collocation points to weekly impose initial and boundary condition to the neural network and choose the optimization algorithms adaptive moment estimation (ADAM) and Limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Golfard-Shanno (L-BFGS) algorithm to optimize learnable parameter of the neural network. Next, we improve the PINN with a weighted loss function to obtain both the bright and dark soliton solutions of Fokas-Lenells equation (FLE). We find the proposed scheme of adjustable weight coefficients into PINN has a better convergence rate and generalizability than the basic PINN algorithm. We believe that the PINN approach to solve the partial differential equation appearing in nonlinear optics would be useful to study various optical phenomena. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20Soliton" title=" optical Soliton"> optical Soliton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equation" title=" partial differential equation"> partial differential equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165868/the-data-driven-localized-wave-solution-of-the-fokas-lenells-equation-using-pinn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4933</span> Vulnerability Analysis for Risk Zones Boundary Definition to Support a Decision Making Process at CBRNE Operations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliaksei%20Patsekha">Aliaksei Patsekha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Hohenberger"> Michael Hohenberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harald%20Raupenstrauch"> Harald Raupenstrauch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An effective emergency response to accidents with chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive materials (CBRNE) that represent highly dynamic situations needs immediate actions within limited time, information and resources. The aim of the study is to provide the foundation for division of unsafe area into risk zones according to the impact of hazardous parameters (heat radiation, thermal dose, overpressure, chemical concentrations). A decision on the boundary values for three risk zones is based on the vulnerability analysis that covered a variety of accident scenarios containing the release of a toxic or flammable substance which either evaporates, ignites and/or explodes. Critical values are selected for the boundary definition of the Red, Orange and Yellow risk zones upon the examination of harmful effects that are likely to cause injuries of varying severity to people and different levels of damage to structures. The obtained results provide the basis for creating a comprehensive real-time risk map for a decision support at CBRNE operations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20values" title="boundary values">boundary values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBRNE%20threats" title=" CBRNE threats"> CBRNE threats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20process" title=" decision making process"> decision making process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazardous%20effects" title=" hazardous effects"> hazardous effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability%20analysis" title=" vulnerability analysis"> vulnerability analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20zones" title=" risk zones"> risk zones</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129557/vulnerability-analysis-for-risk-zones-boundary-definition-to-support-a-decision-making-process-at-cbrne-operations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4932</span> Numerical Simulation of Von Karman Swirling Bioconvection Nanofluid Flow from a Deformable Rotating Disk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kadir">Ali Kadir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20R.%20Mishra"> S. R. Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shamshuddin"> M. Shamshuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Anwar%20Beg"> O. Anwar Beg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Motivation- Rotating disk bio-reactors are fundamental to numerous medical/biochemical engineering processes including oxygen transfer, chromatography, purification and swirl-assisted pumping. The modern upsurge in biologically-enhanced engineering devices has embraced new phenomena including bioconvection of micro-organisms (photo-tactic, oxy-tactic, gyrotactic etc). The proven thermal performance superiority of nanofluids i.e. base fluids doped with engineered nanoparticles has also stimulated immense implementation in biomedical designs. Motivated by these emerging applications, we present a numerical thermofluid dynamic simulation of the transport phenomena in bioconvection nanofluid rotating disk bioreactor flow. Methodology- We study analytically and computationally the time-dependent three-dimensional viscous gyrotactic bioconvection in swirling nanofluid flow from a rotating disk configuration. The disk is also deformable i.e. able to extend (stretch) in the radial direction. Stefan blowing is included. The Buongiorno dilute nanofluid model is adopted wherein Brownian motion and thermophoresis are the dominant nanoscale effects. The primitive conservation equations for mass, radial, tangential and axial momentum, heat (energy), nanoparticle concentration and micro-organism density function are formulated in a cylindrical polar coordinate system with appropriate wall and free stream boundary conditions. A mass convective condition is also incorporated at the disk surface. Forced convection is considered i.e. buoyancy forces are neglected. This highly nonlinear, strongly coupled system of unsteady partial differential equations is normalized with the classical Von Karman and other transformations to render the boundary value problem (BVP) into an ordinary differential system which is solved with the efficient Adomian decomposition method (ADM). Validation with earlier Runge-Kutta shooting computations in the literature is also conducted. Extensive computations are presented (with the aid of MATLAB symbolic software) for radial and circumferential velocity components, temperature, nanoparticle concentration, micro-organism density number and gradients of these functions at the disk surface (radial local skin friction, local circumferential skin friction, Local Nusselt number, Local Sherwood number, motile microorganism mass transfer rate). Main Findings- Increasing radial stretching parameter decreases radial velocity and radial skin friction, reduces azimuthal velocity and skin friction, decreases local Nusselt number and motile micro-organism mass wall flux whereas it increases nano-particle local Sherwood number. Disk deceleration accelerates the radial flow, damps the azimuthal flow, decreases temperatures and thermal boundary layer thickness, depletes the nano-particle concentration magnitudes (and associated nano-particle species boundary layer thickness) and furthermore decreases the micro-organism density number and gyrotactic micro-organism species boundary layer thickness. Increasing Stefan blowing accelerates the radial flow and azimuthal (circumferential flow), elevates temperatures of the nanofluid, boosts nano-particle concentration (volume fraction) and gyrotactic micro-organism density number magnitudes whereas suction generates the reverse effects. Increasing suction effect reduces radial skin friction and azimuthal skin friction, local Nusselt number, and motile micro-organism wall mass flux whereas it enhances the nano-particle species local Sherwood number. Conclusions - Important transport characteristics are identified of relevance to real bioreactor nanotechnological systems not discussed in previous works. ADM is shown to achieve very rapid convergence and highly accurate solutions and shows excellent promise in simulating swirling multi-physical nano-bioconvection fluid dynamics problems. Furthermore, it provides an excellent complement to more general commercial computational fluid dynamics simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-nanofluids" title="bio-nanofluids">bio-nanofluids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20disk%20bioreactors" title=" rotating disk bioreactors"> rotating disk bioreactors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Von%20Karman%20swirling%20flow" title=" Von Karman swirling flow"> Von Karman swirling flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20solutions" title=" numerical solutions"> numerical solutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97804/numerical-simulation-of-von-karman-swirling-bioconvection-nanofluid-flow-from-a-deformable-rotating-disk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97804.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4931</span> Component-Based Approach in Assessing Sewer Manholes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Kaddoura">Khalid Kaddoura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Zayed"> Tarek Zayed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sewer networks are constructed to protect the communities and the environment from any contact with the sewer mediums. Pipelines, being laterals or sewer mains, and manholes form the huge underground infrastructure in every urban city. Due to the sewer networks importance, the infrastructure asset management field has extensive advancement in condition assessment and rehabilitation decision models. However, most of the focus was devoted to pipelines giving little attention toward manholes condition assessment. In fact, recent studies started to emerge in this area to preserve manholes from any malfunction. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to propose a condition assessment model for sewer manholes. The model divides the manhole into several components and determines the relative importance weight of each component using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) decision-making method. Later, the condition of the manhole is computed by aggregating the condition of each component with its corresponding weight. Accordingly, the proposed assessment model will enable decision-makers to have a final index suggesting the overall condition of the manhole and a backward analysis to check the condition of each component. Consequently, better decisions are made pertinent to maintenance, rehabilitation, and replacement actions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Analytic%20Network%20Process%20%28ANP%29" title="Analytic Network Process (ANP)">Analytic Network Process (ANP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20assessment" title=" condition assessment"> condition assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manholes" title=" manholes"> manholes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82763/component-based-approach-in-assessing-sewer-manholes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4930</span> Evolution and Merging of Double-Diffusive Layers in a Vertically Stable Compositional Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ila%20Thakur">Ila Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atul%20Srivastava"> Atul Srivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shyamprasad%20Karagadde"> Shyamprasad Karagadde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phenomenon of double-diffusive convection is driven by density gradients created by two different components (e.g., temperature and concentration) having different molecular diffusivities. The evolution of horizontal double-diffusive layers (DDLs) is one of the outcomes of double-diffusive convection occurring in a laterally/vertically cooled rectangular cavity having a pre-existing vertically stable composition field. The present work mainly focuses on different characteristics of the formation and merging of double-diffusive layers by imposing lateral/vertical thermal gradients in a vertically stable compositional field. A CFD-based twodimensional fluent model has been developed for the investigation of the aforesaid phenomena. The configuration containing vertical thermal gradients shows the evolution and merging of DDLs, where, elements from the same horizontal plane move vertically and mix with surroundings, creating a horizontal layer. In the configuration of lateral thermal gradients, a specially oriented convective roll was found inside each DDL and each roll was driven by the competing density change due to the already existing composition field and imposed thermal field. When the thermal boundary layer near the vertical wall penetrates the salinity interface, it can disrupt the compositional interface and can lead to layer merging. Different analytical scales were quantified and compared for both configurations. Various combinations of solutal and thermal Rayleigh numbers were investigated to get three different regimes, namely; stagnant regime, layered regime and unicellular regime. For a particular solutal Rayleigh number, a layered structure can originate only for a range of thermal Rayleigh numbers. Lower thermal Rayleigh numbers correspond to a diffusion-dominated stagnant regime. Very high thermal Rayleigh corresponds to a unicellular regime with high convective mixing. Different plots identifying these three regimes, number, thickness and time of existence of DDLs have been studied and plotted. For a given solutal Rayleigh number, an increase in thermal Rayleigh number increases the width but decreases both the number and time of existence of DDLs in the fluid domain. Sudden peaks in the velocity and heat transfer coefficient have also been observed and discussed at the time of merging. The present study is expected to be useful in correlating the double-diffusive convection in many large-scale applications including oceanography, metallurgy, geology, etc. The model has also been developed for three-dimensional geometry, but the results were quite similar to that of 2-D simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20diffusive%20layers" title="double diffusive layers">double diffusive layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20convection" title=" natural convection"> natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayleigh%20number" title=" Rayleigh number"> Rayleigh number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20gradients" title=" thermal gradients"> thermal gradients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compositional%20gradients" title=" compositional gradients"> compositional gradients</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151589/evolution-and-merging-of-double-diffusive-layers-in-a-vertically-stable-compositional-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4929</span> Diurnal Circle of Rainfall and Convective Properties over West and Central Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balogun%20R.%20Ayodeji">Balogun R. Ayodeji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adefisan%20E.%20Adesanya"> Adefisan E. Adesanya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeyewa%20Z.%20Debo"> Adeyewa Z. Debo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20C.%20Okogbue"> E. C. Okogbue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The need to investigate diurnal weather circles in West Africa is coined in the fact that complex interactions often results from diurnal weather patterns. This study investigates diurnal circles of wind, rainfall and convective properties using six (6) hour interval data from the ERA-Interim and the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM). The seven distinct zones, used in this work and classified as rainforest (west-coast, dry, Nigeria-Cameroon), Savannah (Nigeria, and Central Africa and South Sudan (CASS)), Sudano-Sahel, and Sahel, were clearly indicated by the rainfall pattern in each zones. Results showed that the land‐ocean warming contrast was more strongly sensitive to seasonal cycle and has been very weak during March-May (MAM) but clearly spelt out during June-September (JJAS). Dipoles of wind convergence/divergence and wet/dry precipitation, between CASS and Nigeria Savannah zones, were identified in morning and evening hours of MAM, whereas distinct night and day anomaly, in the same location of CASS, were found to be consistent during the JJAS season. Diurnal variation of convective properties showed that stratiform precipitation, due to the extremely low occurrence of flashcount climatology, was dominant during morning hours for both MAM and JJAS than other periods of the day. On the other hand, diurnal variation of the system sizes showed that small system sizes were most dominant during the day time periods for both MAM and JJAS, whereas larger system sizes were frequent during the evening, night, and morning hours. The locations of flashcount and system sizes agreed with earlier results that morning and day-time hours were dominated by stratiform precipitation and small system sizes respectively. Most results clearly showed that the eastern locations of Sudano and Sahel were consistently dry because rainfall and precipitation features were predominantly few. System sizes greater than or equal to 800 km² were found in the western axis of the Sudano and Sahel zones, whereas the eastern axis, particularly in the Sahel zone, had minimal occurrences of small/large system sizes. From the results of locations of extreme systems, flashcount greater than 275 in one single system was never observed during the morning (6Z) diurnal, whereas, the evening (18Z) diurnal had the most frequent cases (at least 8) of flashcount exceeding 275 in one single system. Results presented had shown the importance of diurnal variation in understanding precipitation, flashcount, system sizes patterns at diurnal scales, and understanding land-ocean contrast, precipitation, and wind field anomaly at diurnal scales. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20properties" title="convective properties">convective properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diurnal%20circle" title=" diurnal circle"> diurnal circle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flashcount" title=" flashcount"> flashcount</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20sizes" title=" system sizes"> system sizes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101205/diurnal-circle-of-rainfall-and-convective-properties-over-west-and-central-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4928</span> Forced Convection Boundary Layer Flow of a Casson Fluid over a Moving Permeable Flat Plate beneath a Uniform Free Stream</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Arifin">N. M. Arifin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20P.%20M.%20Isa"> S. P. M. Isa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Nazar"> R. Nazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Bachok"> N. Bachok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20M.%20Ali"> F. M. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Pop"> I. Pop</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the steady forced convection boundary layer flow of a Casson fluid past a moving permeable semi-infinite flat plate beneath a uniform free stream is investigated. The mathematical problem reduces to a pair of noncoupled ordinary differential equations by similarity transformation, which is then solved numerically using the shooting method. Both the cases when the plate moves into or out of the origin are considered. Effects of the non-Newtonian (Casson) parameter, moving parameter, suction or injection parameter and Eckert number on the flow and heat transfer characteristics are thoroughly examined. Dual solutions are found to exist for each value of the governing parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20convection" title="forced convection">forced convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Casson%20fluids" title=" Casson fluids"> Casson fluids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20flat%20plate" title=" moving flat plate"> moving flat plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer" title=" boundary layer"> boundary layer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13001/forced-convection-boundary-layer-flow-of-a-casson-fluid-over-a-moving-permeable-flat-plate-beneath-a-uniform-free-stream" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4927</span> Boundary Feedback Stabilization of an Overhead Crane Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhadi%20Elharfi">Abdelhadi Elharfi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A problem of boundary feedback (exponential) stabilization of an overhead crane model represented by a PDE is considered. For any $r>0$, the exponential stability at the desired decay rate $r$ is solved in semi group setting by a collocated-type stabiliser of a target system combined with a term involving the solution of an appropriate PDE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback%20stabilization" title="feedback stabilization">feedback stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi%20group%20and%20generator" title=" semi group and generator"> semi group and generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overhead%20crane%20system" title=" overhead crane system"> overhead crane system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27507/boundary-feedback-stabilization-of-an-overhead-crane-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4926</span> The Condition Testing of Damaged Plates Using Acoustic Features and Machine Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyle%20Saltmarsh">Kyle Saltmarsh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acoustic testing possesses many benefits due to its non-destructive nature and practicality. There hence exists many scenarios in which using acoustic testing for condition testing shows powerful feasibility. A wealth of information is contained within the acoustic and vibration characteristics of structures, allowing the development meaningful features for the classification of their respective condition. In this paper, methods, results, and discussions are presented on the use of non-destructive acoustic testing coupled with acoustic feature extraction and machine learning techniques for the condition testing of manufactured circular steel plates subjected to varied levels of damage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plates" title="plates">plates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation" title=" deformation"> deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20features" title=" acoustic features"> acoustic features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76911/the-condition-testing-of-damaged-plates-using-acoustic-features-and-machine-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4925</span> Explicit Numerical Approximations for a Pricing Weather Derivatives Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clarinda%20V.%20Nhangumbe">Clarinda V. Nhangumbe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erc%C3%ADlia%20Sousa"> Ercília Sousa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Weather Derivatives are financial instruments used to cover non-catastrophic weather events and can be expressed in the form of standard or plain vanilla products, structured or exotics products. The underlying asset, in this case, is the weather index, such as temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind, and snowfall. The complexity of the Weather Derivatives structure shows the weakness of the Black Scholes framework. Therefore, under the risk-neutral probability measure, the option price of a weather contract can be given as a unique solution of a two-dimensional partial differential equation (parabolic in one direction and hyperbolic in other directions), with an initial condition and subjected to adequate boundary conditions. To calculate the price of the option, one can use numerical methods such as the Monte Carlo simulations and implicit finite difference schemes conjugated with Semi-Lagrangian methods. This paper is proposed two explicit methods, namely, first-order upwind in the hyperbolic direction combined with Lax-Wendroff in the parabolic direction and first-order upwind in the hyperbolic direction combined with second-order upwind in the parabolic direction. One of the advantages of these methods is the fact that they take into consideration the boundary conditions obtained from the financial interpretation and deal efficiently with the different choices of the convection coefficients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incomplete%20markets" title="incomplete markets">incomplete markets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20methods" title=" numerical methods"> numerical methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equations" title=" partial differential equations"> partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20process" title=" stochastic process"> stochastic process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weather%20derivatives" title=" weather derivatives"> weather derivatives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150745/explicit-numerical-approximations-for-a-pricing-weather-derivatives-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4924</span> Inverse Cauchy Problem of Doubly Connected Domains via Spectral Meshless Radial Point Interpolation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elyas%20Shivanian">Elyas Shivanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the spectral meshless radial point interpolation (SMRPI) technique is applied to the Cauchy problems of two-dimensional elliptic PDEs in doubly connected domains. It is obtained the unknown data on the inner boundary of the domain while overspecified boundary data are imposed on the outer boundary of the domain by using the SMRPI. Shape functions, which are constructed through point interpolation method using the radial basis functions, help us to treat problem locally with the aim of high order convergence rate. In this way, localization in SMRPI can reduce the ill-conditioning for Cauchy problem. Furthermore, we improve previous results and it is revealed the SMRPI is more accurate and stable by adding strong perturbations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cauchy%20problem" title="cauchy problem">cauchy problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly%20connected%20domain" title=" doubly connected domain"> doubly connected domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20basis%20function" title=" radial basis function"> radial basis function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20function" title=" shape function"> shape function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56408/inverse-cauchy-problem-of-doubly-connected-domains-via-spectral-meshless-radial-point-interpolation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56408.pdf" target="_blank" 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