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element method formed by bars</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: discrete element method formed by bars"> <meta name="keywords" content="discrete element method formed by bars"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science 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method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="discrete element method formed by bars"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 22505</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: discrete element method formed by bars</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22505</span> Simulations in Structural Masonry Walls with Chases Horizontal Through Models in State Deformation Plan (2D)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20Zydeck">Raquel Zydeck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karina%20Azzolin"> Karina Azzolin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Kosteski"> Luis Kosteski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisson%20Milani"> Alisson Milani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents numerical models in plane deformations (2D), using the Discrete Element Method formedbybars (LDEM) andtheFiniteElementMethod (FEM), in structuralmasonrywallswith horizontal chasesof 20%, 30%, and 50% deep, located in the central part and 1/3 oftheupperpartofthewall, withcenteredandeccentricloading. Differentcombinationsofboundaryconditionsandinteractionsbetweenthemethodswerestudied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chases%20in%20structural%20masonry%20walls" title="chases in structural masonry walls">chases in structural masonry walls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method%20formed%20by%20bars" title=" discrete element method formed by bars"> discrete element method formed by bars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20models" title=" numerical models"> numerical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20condition" title=" boundary condition"> boundary condition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144117/simulations-in-structural-masonry-walls-with-chases-horizontal-through-models-in-state-deformation-plan-2d" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22504</span> Numerical Modelling of Dry Stone Masonry Structures Based on Finite-Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%BD.%20Nikoli%C4%87">Ž. Nikolić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Smoljanovi%C4%87"> H. Smoljanović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20%C5%BDivalji%C4%87"> N. Živaljić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents numerical model based on finite-discrete element method for analysis of the structural response of dry stone masonry structures under static and dynamic loads. More precisely, each discrete stone block is discretized by finite elements. Material non-linearity including fracture and fragmentation of discrete elements as well as cyclic behavior during dynamic load are considered through contact elements which are implemented within a finite element mesh. The application of the model was conducted on several examples of these structures. The performed analysis shows high accuracy of the numerical results in comparison with the experimental ones and demonstrates the potential of the finite-discrete element method for modelling of the response of dry stone masonry structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20stone%20masonry%20structures" title="dry stone masonry structures">dry stone masonry structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20load" title=" dynamic load"> dynamic load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite-discrete%20element%20method" title=" finite-discrete element method"> finite-discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20load" title=" static load"> static load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47740/numerical-modelling-of-dry-stone-masonry-structures-based-on-finite-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22503</span> Discrete Element Modeling on Bearing Capacity Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Li">N. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Cheng"> Y. M. Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the classical bearing capacity problem is re-considered from discrete element analysis. In the discrete element approach, the bearing capacity problem is considered from the elastic stage to plastic stage to rupture stage (large displacement). The bearing capacity failure mechanism of a strip footing on soil is investigated, and the influence of micro-parameters on the bearing capacity of soil is also observed. It is found that the distinct element method (DEM) gives very good visualized results, and basically coincides well with that derived by the classical methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing%20capacity" title="bearing capacity">bearing capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distinct%20element%20method" title=" distinct element method"> distinct element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20mechanism" title=" failure mechanism"> failure mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20displacement" title=" large displacement"> large displacement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43831/discrete-element-modeling-on-bearing-capacity-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22502</span> Failure Simulation of Small-scale Walls with Chases Using the Lattic Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karina%20C.%20Azzolin">Karina C. Azzolin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20E.%20Kosteski"> Luis E. Kosteski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisson%20S.%20Milani"> Alisson S. Milani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20C.%20Zydeck"> Raquel C. Zydeck</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work aims to represent Numerically tests experimentally developed in reduced scale walls with horizontal and inclined cuts by using the Lattice Discrete Element Method (LDEM) implemented On de Abaqus/explicit environment. The cuts were performed with depths of 20%, 30%, and 50% On the walls subjected to centered and eccentric loading. The parameters used to evaluate the numerical model are its strength, the failure mode, and the in-plane and out-of-plane displacements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20masonry" title="structural masonry">structural masonry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wall%20chases" title=" wall chases"> wall chases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20scale" title=" small scale"> small scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20model" title=" numerical model"> numerical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lattice%20discrete%20element%20method" title=" lattice discrete element method"> lattice discrete element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143660/failure-simulation-of-small-scale-walls-with-chases-using-the-lattic-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22501</span> A Coupled Extended-Finite-Discrete Element Method: On the Different Contact Schemes between Continua and Discontinua</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shervin%20Khazaeli">Shervin Khazaeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahab%20Haj-zamani"> Shahab Haj-zamani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, advanced geotechnical engineering problems related to soil movement, particle loss, and modeling of local failure (i.e. discontinua) as well as modeling the in-contact structures (i.e. continua) are of the great interest among researchers. The aim of this research is to meet the requirements with respect to the modeling of the above-mentioned two different domains simultaneously. To this end, a coupled numerical method is introduced based on Discrete Element Method (DEM) and eXtended-Finite Element Method (X-FEM). In the coupled procedure, DEM is employed to capture the interactions and relative movements of soil particles as discontinua, while X-FEM is utilized to model in-contact structures as continua, which may consist of different types of discontinuities. For verification purposes, the new coupled approach is utilized to examine benchmark problems including different contacts between/within continua and discontinua. Results are validated by comparison with those of existing analytical and numerical solutions. This study proves that extended-finite-discrete element method can be used to robustly analyze not only contact problems, but also other types of discontinuities in continua such as (i) crack formations and propagations, (ii) voids and bimaterial interfaces, and (iii) combination of previous cases. In essence, the proposed method can be used vastly in advanced soil-structure interaction problems to investigate the micro and macro behaviour of the surrounding soil and the response of the embedded structure that contains discontinuities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20problems" title="contact problems">contact problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extended-finite%20element%20method" title=" extended-finite element method"> extended-finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil-structure%20interaction" title=" soil-structure interaction"> soil-structure interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36267/a-coupled-extended-finite-discrete-element-method-on-the-different-contact-schemes-between-continua-and-discontinua" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22500</span> Bridging Stress Modeling of Composite Materials Reinforced by Fiber Using Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chong%20Wang">Chong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kellem%20M.%20Soares"> Kellem M. Soares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20E.%20Kosteski"> Luis E. Kosteski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of toughening in brittle materials reinforced by fibers is complex, involving all the mechanical properties of fibers, matrix, the fiber/matrix interface, as well as the geometry of the fiber. An appropriate method applicable to the simulation and analysis of toughening is essential. In this work, we performed simulations and analysis of toughening in brittle matrix reinforced by randomly distributed fibers by means of the discrete elements method. At first, we put forward a mechanical model of the contribution of random fibers to the toughening of composite. Then with numerical programming, we investigated the stress, damage and bridging force in the composite material when a crack appeared in the brittle matrix. From the results obtained, we conclude that: (i) fibers with high strength and low elasticity modulus benefit toughening; (ii) fibers with relatively high elastic modulus compared to the matrix may result in considerable matrix damage (spalling effect); (iii) employment of high-strength synthetic fiber is a good option. The present work makes it possible to optimize the parameters in order to produce advanced ceramic with desired performance. We believe combination of the discrete element method (DEM) with the finite element method (FEM) can increase the versatility and efficiency of the software developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridging%20stress" title="bridging stress">bridging stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20reinforced%20composites" title=" fiber reinforced composites"> fiber reinforced composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toughening" title=" toughening"> toughening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15719/bridging-stress-modeling-of-composite-materials-reinforced-by-fiber-using-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22499</span> Crack Width Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Members under Shrinkage Effect by Pseudo-Discrete Crack Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20J.%20Ma">F. J. Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20H.%20Kwan"> A. K. H. Kwan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crack caused by shrinkage movement of concrete is a serious problem especially when restraint is provided. It may cause severe serviceability and durability problems. The existing prediction methods for crack width of concrete due to shrinkage movement are mainly numerical methods under simplified circumstances, which do not agree with each other. To get a more unified prediction method applicable to more sophisticated circumstances, finite element crack width analysis for shrinkage effect should be developed. However, no existing finite element analysis can be carried out to predict the crack width of concrete due to shrinkage movement because of unsolved reasons of conventional finite element analysis. In this paper, crack width analysis implemented by finite element analysis is presented with pseudo-discrete crack model, which combines traditional smeared crack model and newly proposed crack queuing algorithm. The proposed pseudo-discrete crack model is capable of simulating separate and single crack without adopting discrete crack element. And the improved finite element analysis can successfully simulate the stress redistribution when concrete is cracked, which is crucial for predicting crack width, crack spacing and crack number. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20queuing%20algorithm" title="crack queuing algorithm">crack queuing algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20width%20analysis" title=" crack width analysis"> crack width analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinkage%20effect" title=" shrinkage effect"> shrinkage effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50507/crack-width-analysis-of-reinforced-concrete-members-under-shrinkage-effect-by-pseudo-discrete-crack-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22498</span> Assessment of Seismic Behavior of Masonry Minarets by Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozden%20Saygili">Ozden Saygili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eser%20Cakti"> Eser Cakti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mosques and minarets can be severely damaged as a result of earthquakes. Non-linear behavior of minarets of Mihrimah Sultan and Süleymaniye Mosques and the minaret of St. Sophia are analyzed to investigate seismic response, damage and failure mechanisms of minarets during earthquake. Selected minarets have different height and diameter. Discrete elements method was used to create the numerical minaret models. Analyses were performed using sine waves. Two parameters were used for evaluating the results: the maximum relative dislocation of adjacent drums and the maximum displacement at the top of the minaret. Both parameters were normalized by the drum diameter. The effects of minaret geometry on seismic behavior were evaluated by comparing the results of analyses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title="discrete element method">discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake%20safety" title=" earthquake safety"> earthquake safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analysis" title=" nonlinear analysis"> nonlinear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry%20structures" title=" masonry structures"> masonry structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28561/assessment-of-seismic-behavior-of-masonry-minarets-by-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22497</span> Calibration of Discrete Element Method Parameters for Modelling DRI Pellets Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hossein%20Madadi-Najafabadi">A. Hossein Madadi-Najafabadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Nasiri"> Masoud Nasiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discrete element method is a powerful technique for numerical modeling the flow of granular materials such as direct reduced iron. It would enable us to study processes and equipment related to the production and handling of the material. However, the characteristics and properties of the granules have to be adjusted precisely to achieve reliable results in a DEM simulation. The main properties for DEM simulation are size distribution, density, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and the contact coefficients of restitution, rolling friction and sliding friction. In the present paper, the mentioned properties are determined for DEM simulation of DRI pellets. A reliable DEM simulation would contribute to optimizing the handling system of DRIs in an iron-making plant. Among the mentioned properties, Young's modulus is the most important parameter, which is usually hard to get for particulate solids. Here, an especial method is utilized to precisely determine this parameter for DRI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title="discrete element method">discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20reduced%20iron" title=" direct reduced iron"> direct reduced iron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20parameters" title=" simulation parameters"> simulation parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20material" title=" granular material"> granular material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145335/calibration-of-discrete-element-method-parameters-for-modelling-dri-pellets-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22496</span> Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer as an Alternative Reinforcement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20E.%20El-Metwally">Salah E. El-Metwally</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwan%20Abdo"> Marwan Abdo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basem%20Abdel%20Wahed"> Basem Abdel Wahed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have been proposed as an alternative to conventional steel bars; hence, the use of these non-corrosive and nonmetallic reinforcing bars has increased in various concrete projects. This concrete material is lightweight, has a long lifespan, and needs minor maintenance; however, its non-ductile nature and weak bond with the surrounding concrete create a significant challenge. The behavior of concrete elements reinforced with FRP bars has been the subject of several experimental investigations, even with their high cost. This study aims to numerically assess the viability of using FRP bars, as longitudinal reinforcement, in comparison with traditional steel bars, and also as prestressing tendons instead of the traditional prestressing steel. The nonlinear finite element analysis has been utilized to carry out the current study. Numerical models have been developed to examine the behavior of concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars or tendons against similar models reinforced with either conventional steel or prestressing steel. These numerical models were verified by experimental test results available in the literature. The obtained results revealed that concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars, as passive reinforcement, exhibited less ductility and less stiffness than similar beams reinforced with steel bars. On the other hand, when FRP tendons are employed in prestressing concrete beams, the results show that the performance of these beams is similar to those beams prestressed by conventional active reinforcement but with a difference caused by the two tendon materials’ moduli of elasticity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title="reinforced concrete">reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prestressed%20concrete" title=" prestressed concrete"> prestressed concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20finite%20element%20analysis" title=" nonlinear finite element analysis"> nonlinear finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber-reinforced%20polymer" title=" fiber-reinforced polymer"> fiber-reinforced polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductility" title=" ductility"> ductility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192629/performance-of-fiber-reinforced-polymer-as-an-alternative-reinforcement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">13</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22495</span> Nonlinear Analysis of Torsionally Loaded Steel Fibred Self-Compacted Concrete Beams Reinforced by GFRP Bars </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Saad%20Eldin%20Mohamed%20Ragab">Khaled Saad Eldin Mohamed Ragab </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates analytically the torsion behavior of steel fibered high strength self compacting concrete beams reinforced by GFRP bars. Nonlinear finite element analysis on 12 beams specimens was achieved by using ANSYS software. The nonlinear finite element analysis program ANSYS is utilized owing to its capabilities to predict either the response of reinforced concrete beams in the post elastic range or the ultimate strength of a reinforced concrete beams produced from steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete (SFRSCC) and reinforced by GFRP bars. A general description of the finite element method, theoretical modeling of concrete and reinforcement are presented. In order to verify the analytical model used in this research using test results of the experimental data, the finite element analysis were performed. Then, a parametric study of the effect ratio of volume fraction of steel fibers in ordinary strength concrete, the effect ratio of volume fraction of steel fibers in high strength concrete, and the type of reinforcement of stirrups were investigated. A comparison between the experimental results and those predicted by the existing models are presented. Results and conclusions thyat may be useful for designers have been raised and represented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analysis" title="nonlinear analysis">nonlinear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsionally%20loaded" title=" torsionally loaded"> torsionally loaded</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20concrete" title=" self compacting concrete"> self compacting concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20fiber%20reinforced%20self%20compacting%20concrete%20%28SFRSCC%29" title=" steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete (SFRSCC)"> steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete (SFRSCC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GFRP%20bars%20and%20sheets" title=" GFRP bars and sheets"> GFRP bars and sheets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4945/nonlinear-analysis-of-torsionally-loaded-steel-fibred-self-compacted-concrete-beams-reinforced-by-gfrp-bars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4945.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22494</span> Finite Element and Split Bregman Methods for Solving a Family of Optimal Control Problem with Partial Differential Equation Constraint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Lot">Mahmoud Lot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, we will discuss the solution of elliptic optimal control problem. First, by using the nite element method, we obtain the discrete form of the problem. The obtained discrete problem is actually a large scale constrained optimization problem. Solving this optimization problem with traditional methods is diﬃcult and requires a lot of CPU time and memory. But split Bergman method converts the constrained problem to an unconstrained, and hence it saves time and memory requirement. Then we use the split Bregman method for solving this problem, and examples show the speed and accuracy of split Bregman methods for solving these types of problems. We also use the SQP method for solving the examples and compare with the split Bregman method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Split%20Bregman%20Method" title="Split Bregman Method">Split Bregman Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control%20with%20elliptic%20partial%20differential%20equation%20constraint" title=" optimal control with elliptic partial differential equation constraint"> optimal control with elliptic partial differential equation constraint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123437/finite-element-and-split-bregman-methods-for-solving-a-family-of-optimal-control-problem-with-partial-differential-equation-constraint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22493</span> Artificial Neural Network in Predicting the Soil Response in the Discrete Element Method Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaofeng%20Li">Zhaofeng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Kang%20Chow"> Jun Kang Chow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Hsing%20Wang"> Yu-Hsing Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempts to bridge the soil properties and the mechanical response of soil in the discrete element method (DEM) simulation. The artificial neural network (ANN) was therefore adopted, aiming to reproduce the stress-strain-volumetric response when soil properties are given. 31 biaxial shearing tests with varying soil parameters (e.g., initial void ratio and interparticle friction coefficient) were generated using the DEM simulations. Based on these 45 sets of training data, a three-layer neural network was established which can output the entire stress-strain-volumetric curve during the shearing process from the input soil parameters. Beyond the training data, 2 additional sets of data were generated to examine the validity of the network, and the stress-strain-volumetric curves for both cases were well reproduced using this network. Overall, the ANN was found promising in predicting the soil behavior and reducing repetitive simulation work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20properties" title=" soil properties"> soil properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress-strain-volumetric%20response" title=" stress-strain-volumetric response"> stress-strain-volumetric response</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59289/artificial-neural-network-in-predicting-the-soil-response-in-the-discrete-element-method-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22492</span> Number of Parametrization of Discrete-Time Systems without Unit-Delay Element: Single-Input Single-Output Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyoshi%20Mori">Kazuyoshi Mori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the parametrization of the discrete-time systems without the unit-delay element within the framework of the factorization approach. In the parametrization, we investigate the number of required parameters. We consider single-input single-output systems in this paper. By the investigation, we find, on the discrete-time systems without the unit-delay element, three cases that are (1) there exist plants which require only one parameter and (2) two parameters, and (3) the number of parameters is at most three. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factorization%20approach" title="factorization approach">factorization approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete-time%20system" title=" discrete-time system"> discrete-time system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameterization%20of%20stabilizing%20controllers" title=" parameterization of stabilizing controllers"> parameterization of stabilizing controllers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20without%20unit-delay" title=" system without unit-delay"> system without unit-delay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74319/number-of-parametrization-of-discrete-time-systems-without-unit-delay-element-single-input-single-output-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22491</span> Analysis of Cracked Beams with Spalling Having Different Arrangements of the Reinforcement Bars Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rishabh%20Shukla">Rishabh Shukla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achin%20Agrawal"> Achin Agrawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anupam%20Saxena"> Anupam Saxena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mandal"> S. Mandal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The existence of a crack, affects the mechanical behaviour and various properties of a structure to a great degree. This paper focuses on recognizing the parameters that gets changed due to the formation of cracks and have a great impact on the performance of the structure. Spalling is a major concern as it leaves the reinforcement bars more susceptible to environmental attacks. Beams of cross section 300 mm × 500 mm are designed and for a calculated area of steel, two different arrangements of reinforced bars are analysed. Results are prepared for different stages of cracking for each arrangement of rebars. The parameters for both arrangements are then compared. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is carried out and changes in the properties like flexural strength, Elasticity and modal frequency are reported. The conclusions have been drawn by comparing the results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracks" title="cracks">cracks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elasticity" title=" elasticity"> elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spalling" title=" spalling"> spalling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEA" title=" FEA"> FEA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57697/analysis-of-cracked-beams-with-spalling-having-different-arrangements-of-the-reinforcement-bars-using-finite-element-analysis-fea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22490</span> The Comparison of Dismount Skill between National and International Men’s Artistic Gymnastics in Parallel Bars Apparatus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20ChihYu">Chen ChihYu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tang%20Wen%20Tzu"> Tang Wen Tzu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Kuang%20Hui"> Chen Kuang Hui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim —To compare the dismount skill between Taiwanese and elite international gymnastics in parallel bars following the 2017-2020 code of points. Methods—The gymnasts who advanced to the parallel bars event finals of these four competitions including World Championships, Universiade, the National Games of Taiwan, and the National Intercollegiate Athletic Games of Taiwan both 2017 and 2019 were selected in this study. The dismount skill of parallel bars was analyzed, and the average difficulty score was compared by one-way ANOVA. Descriptive statistics were applied to present the type of dismount skill and the difficulty of each gymnast in these four competitions. The data from World Championships and Universiade were combined as the international group (INT), and data of Taiwanese National Games and National Intercollegiate Athletic Games were also combined as the national group (NAT). The differences between INT and NAT were analyzed by the Chi-square test. The statistical significance of this study was set at α= 0.05. Results— i) There was a significant difference in the mean parallel bars dismount skill in these four competitions analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Both dismount scores of World Championships and Universiade were significantly higher than in Taiwanese National Games and National Intercollegiate Athletic Games (0.58±0.08 & 0.56±0.08 > 0.42±0.06 & 40±0.06, p < 0.05). ii) Most of the gymnasts in World Championships and Universiade selected the 0.6-point skill as the parallel bars dismount element, and for the Taiwanese National Games and the National Intercollegiate Athletic Games, most of the gymnasts performed the 0.4-point dismount skill. iii) The result of the Chi-square test has shown that there was a significant difference in the selection of parallel bars dismount skill. The INT group used the E or E+ difficulty element as the dismount skill, and the NAT group selected the D or D- difficulty element. Conclusion— The level of parallel bars dismount in Taiwanese gymnastics is inferior to elite international gymnastics. It is suggested that Taiwanese gymnastics must try to practice the F difficulty dismount (double salto forward tucked with half twist) in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artistic%20Gymnastics%20World%20Championships" title="Artistic Gymnastics World Championships">Artistic Gymnastics World Championships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dismount" title=" dismount"> dismount</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=difficulty%20score" title=" difficulty score"> difficulty score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=element" title=" element"> element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121088/the-comparison-of-dismount-skill-between-national-and-international-mens-artistic-gymnastics-in-parallel-bars-apparatus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22489</span> Investigating the Shear Behaviour of Fouled Ballast Using Discrete Element Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngoc%20Trung%20Ngo">Ngoc Trung Ngo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhima%20Indraratna"> Buddhima Indraratna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cholachat%20Rujikiathmakjornr"> Cholachat Rujikiathmakjornr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For several hundred years, the design of railway tracks has practically remained unchanged. Traditionally, rail tracks are placed on a ballast layer due to several reasons, including economy, rapid drainage, and high load bearing capacity. The primary function of ballast is to distributing dynamic track loads to sub-ballast and subgrade layers, while also providing lateral resistance and allowing for rapid drainage. Upon repeated trainloads, the ballast becomes fouled due to ballast degradation and the intrusion of fines which adversely affects the strength and deformation behaviour of ballast. This paper presents the use of three-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) in studying the shear behaviour of the fouled ballast subjected to direct shear loading. Irregularly shaped particles of ballast were modelled by grouping many spherical balls together in appropriate sizes to simulate representative ballast aggregates. Fouled ballast was modelled by injecting a specified number of miniature spherical particles into the void spaces. The DEM simulation highlights that the peak shear stress of the ballast assembly decreases and the dilation of fouled ballast increases with an increase level of fouling. Additionally, the distributions of contact force chain and particle displacement vectors were captured during shearing progress, explaining the formation of shear band and the evolutions of volumetric change of fouled ballast. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway%20ballast" title="railway ballast">railway ballast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal%20fouling" title=" coal fouling"> coal fouling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20modelling" title=" discrete element modelling"> discrete element modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34239/investigating-the-shear-behaviour-of-fouled-ballast-using-discrete-element-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22488</span> Simulation of Fiber Deposition on Molded Fiber Screen Using Multi-Sphere Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Quy%20Le">Kim Quy Le</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duan%20Fei"> Duan Fei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20Wei%20Chew"> Jia Wei Chew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Zeng"> Jun Zeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Fabiola%20Leyva"> Maria Fabiola Leyva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In line with the sustainable development goal, molded fiber products play important roles in reducing plastic-based packaging. To fabricate molded fiber products, besides using conventional meshing tools, 3D printing is employed to manufacture the molded fiber screen. 3D printing technique allows printing molded fiber screens with complex geometry, flexible in pore size and shape. The 3D printed molded fiber screens are in the progress of investigation to improve the de-watering efficiency, fiber collection, mechanical strength, etc. In addition, the fiber distribution on the screen is also necessary to access the quality of the screen. Besides using experimental methods to capture the fiber distribution on screen, simulation also offers using tools to access the uniformity of fiber. In this study, the fiber was simulated using the multi-sphere model to simulate the fibers. The interaction of the fibers was able to mimic by employing the discrete element method. The fiber distribution was captured and compared to the experiment. The simulation results were able to reveal the fiber deposition layer upon layer and explain the formation of uneven thickness on the tilted area of molded fiber screen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-jet%20fusion" title=" multi-jet fusion"> multi-jet fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molded%20fiber%20screen" title=" molded fiber screen"> molded fiber screen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157099/simulation-of-fiber-deposition-on-molded-fiber-screen-using-multi-sphere-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22487</span> Coarse-Grained Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method Modelling of the Multiphase Flow in Hydrocyclones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Ji">Li Ji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaiwei%20Chu"> Kaiwei Chu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shibo%20Kuang"> Shibo Kuang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aibing%20Yu"> Aibing Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrocyclones are widely used to classify particles by size in industries such as mineral processing and chemical processing. The particles to be handled usually have a broad range of size distributions and sometimes density distributions, which has to be properly considered, causing challenges in the modelling of hydrocyclone. The combined approach of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Discrete Element Method (DEM) offers convenience to model particle size/density distribution. However, its direct application to hydrocyclones is computationally prohibitive because there are billions of particles involved. In this work, a CFD-DEM model with the concept of the coarse-grained (CG) model is developed to model the solid-fluid flow in a hydrocyclone. The DEM is used to model the motion of discrete particles by applying Newton’s laws of motion. Here, a particle assembly containing a certain number of particles with same properties is treated as one CG particle. The CFD is used to model the liquid flow by numerically solving the local-averaged Navier-Stokes equations facilitated with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model to capture air-core. The results are analyzed in terms of fluid and solid flow structures, and particle-fluid, particle-particle and particle-wall interaction forces. Furthermore, the calculated separation performance is compared with the measurements. The results obtained from the present study indicate that this approach can offer an alternative way to examine the flow and performance of hydrocyclones <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocyclone" title=" hydrocyclone"> hydrocyclone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiphase%20flow" title=" multiphase flow"> multiphase flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68071/coarse-grained-computational-fluid-dynamics-discrete-element-method-modelling-of-the-multiphase-flow-in-hydrocyclones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22486</span> Numerical Simulation of the Bond Behavior Between Concrete and Steel Reinforcing Bars in Specialty Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camille%20A.%20Issa">Camille A. Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Masri"> Omar Masri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the study, the commercial finite element software Abaqus was used to develop a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model capable of simulating the pull-out test of reinforcing bars from underwater concrete. The results of thirty-two pull-out tests that have different parameters were implemented in the software to study the effect of the concrete cover, the bar size, the use of stirrups, and the compressive strength of concrete. The interaction properties used in the model provided accurate results in comparison with the experimental bond-slip results, thus the model has successfully simulated the pull-out test. The results of the finite element model are used to better understand and visualize the distribution of stresses in each component of the model, and to study the effect of the various parameters used in this study including the role of the stirrups in preventing the stress from reaching to the sides of the specimens. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pull-out%20test" title="pull-out test">pull-out test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond%20strength" title=" bond strength"> bond strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20concrete" title=" underwater concrete"> underwater concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20finite%20element%20analysis" title=" nonlinear finite element analysis"> nonlinear finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abaqus" title=" abaqus"> abaqus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26543/numerical-simulation-of-the-bond-behavior-between-concrete-and-steel-reinforcing-bars-in-specialty-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22485</span> An Optimized Method for 3D Magnetic Navigation of Nanoparticles inside Human Arteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangelos%20G.%20Karvelas">Evangelos G. Karvelas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christos%20Liosis"> Christos Liosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Theodorakakos"> Andreas Theodorakakos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theodoros%20E.%20Karakasidis"> Theodoros E. Karakasidis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work, a numerical method for the estimation of the appropriate gradient magnetic fields for optimum driving of the particles into the desired area inside the human body is presented. The proposed method combines Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Covariance Matrix Adaptation (CMA) evolution strategy for the magnetic navigation of nanoparticles. It is based on an iteration procedure that intents to eliminate the deviation of the nanoparticles from a desired path. Hence, the gradient magnetic field is constantly adjusted in a suitable way so that the particles’ follow as close as possible to a desired trajectory. Using the proposed method, it is obvious that the diameter of particles is crucial parameter for an efficient navigation. In addition, increase of particles' diameter decreases their deviation from the desired path. Moreover, the navigation method can navigate nanoparticles into the desired areas with efficiency approximately 99%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=covariance%20matrix%20adaptation%20evolution%20strategy" title=" covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy"> covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEM" title=" DEM"> DEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20navigation" title=" magnetic navigation"> magnetic navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spherical%20particles" title=" spherical particles"> spherical particles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131811/an-optimized-method-for-3d-magnetic-navigation-of-nanoparticles-inside-human-arteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131811.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22484</span> Discrete Element Modeling of the Effect of Particle Shape on Creep Behavior of Rockfills</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunjia%20Wang">Yunjia Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhihong%20Zhao"> Zhihong Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erxiang%20Song"> Erxiang Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rockfills are widely used in civil engineering, such as dams, railways, and airport foundations in mountain areas. A significant long-term post-construction settlement may affect the serviceability or even the safety of rockfill infrastructures. The creep behavior of rockfills is influenced by a number of factors, such as particle size, strength and shape, water condition and stress level. However, the effect of particle shape on rockfill creep still remains poorly understood, which deserves a careful investigation. Particle-based discrete element method (DEM) was used to simulate the creep behavior of rockfills under different boundary conditions. Both angular and rounded particles were considered in this numerical study, in order to investigate the influence of particle shape. The preliminary results showed that angular particles experience more breakages and larger creep strains under one-dimensional compression than rounded particles. On the contrary, larger creep strains were observed in he rounded specimens in the direct shear test. The mechanism responsible for this difference is that the possibility of the existence of key particle in rounded particles is higher than that in angular particles. The above simulations demonstrate that the influence of particle shape on the creep behavior of rockfills can be simulated by DEM properly. The method of DEM simulation may facilitate our understanding of deformation properties of rockfill materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rockfills" title="rockfills">rockfills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep%20behavior" title=" creep behavior"> creep behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20crushing" title=" particle crushing"> particle crushing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20conditions" title=" boundary conditions"> boundary conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72418/discrete-element-modeling-of-the-effect-of-particle-shape-on-creep-behavior-of-rockfills" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22483</span> Calibration of the Discrete Element Method Using a Large Shear Box</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20J.%20Coetzee">C. J. Coetzee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Horn"> E. Horn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the main challenges in using the Discrete Element Method (DEM) is to specify the correct input parameter values. In general, the models are sensitive to the input parameter values and accurate results can only be achieved if the correct values are specified. For the linear contact model, micro-parameters such as the particle density, stiffness, coefficient of friction, as well as the particle size and shape distributions are required. There is a need for a procedure to accurately calibrate these parameters before any attempt can be made to accurately model a complete bulk materials handling system. Since DEM is often used to model applications in the mining and quarrying industries, a calibration procedure was developed for materials that consist of relatively large (up to 40 mm in size) particles. A coarse crushed aggregate was used as the test material. Using a specially designed large shear box with a diameter of 590 mm, the confined Young’s modulus (bulk stiffness) and internal friction angle of the material were measured by means of the confined compression test and the direct shear test respectively. DEM models of the experimental setup were developed and the input parameter values were varied iteratively until a close correlation between the experimental and numerical results was achieved. The calibration process was validated by modelling the pull-out of an anchor from a bed of material. The model results compared well with experimental measurement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Discrete%20Element%20Method%20%28DEM%29" title="Discrete Element Method (DEM)">Discrete Element Method (DEM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration" title=" calibration"> calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20box" title=" shear box"> shear box</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anchor%20pull-out" title=" anchor pull-out"> anchor pull-out</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17097/calibration-of-the-discrete-element-method-using-a-large-shear-box" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17097.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22482</span> Simulation of Nonlinear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Using Rigid Body-Spring Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20Jr.%20Garde">Felix Jr. Garde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Augustus%20Tingatinga"> Eric Augustus Tingatinga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most analysis procedures of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs are based on elastic theory. When subjected to large forces, however, slabs deform beyond elastic range and the study of their behavior and performance require nonlinear analysis. This paper presents a numerical model to simulate nonlinear behavior of RC slabs using rigid body-spring discrete element method. The proposed slab model composed of rigid plate elements and nonlinear springs is based on the yield line theory which assumes that the nonlinear behavior of the RC slab subjected to transverse loads is contained in plastic or yield-lines. In this model, the displacement of the slab is completely described by the rigid elements and the deformation energy is concentrated in the flexural springs uniformly distributed at the potential yield lines. The spring parameters are determined from comparison of transverse displacements and stresses developed in the slab obtained using FEM and the proposed model with assumed homogeneous material. Numerical models of typical RC slabs with varying geometry, reinforcement, support conditions, and loading conditions, show reasonable agreement with available experimental data. The model was also shown to be useful in investigating dynamic behavior of slabs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20slab" title="RC slab">RC slab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20behavior" title=" nonlinear behavior"> nonlinear behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20line%20theory" title=" yield line theory"> yield line theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rigid%20body-spring%20discrete%20element%20method" title=" rigid body-spring discrete element method"> rigid body-spring discrete element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57601/simulation-of-nonlinear-behavior-of-reinforced-concrete-slabs-using-rigid-body-spring-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22481</span> Flexural Behavior of Heat-Damaged Concrete Beams Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20R.%20Irshidat">Mohammad R. Irshidat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rami%20H.%20Haddad"> Rami H. Haddad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanadi%20Al-Mahmoud"> Hanadi Al-Mahmoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reinforced concrete (RC) is the most common used material for construction in the world. In the past decades, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars had been widely used to substitute the steel bars due to their high resistance to corrosion, high tensile capacity, and low weight in comparison with steel. Experimental studies on the behavior of FRP bar reinforced concrete beams had been carried out worldwide for a few decades. While the research on such structural members under elevated temperatures is still very limited. In this research, the flexural behavior of heat-damaged concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars is studied. Two types of FRP rebar namely, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP), are used. The beams are subjected to four levels of temperature before tested to monitor their flexural behavior. The results are compared with other concrete beams reinforced with regular steel bars. The results show that the beams reinforced with CFRP bars and GFRP bars had higher flexural capacity than the beams reinforced with steel bars even if heated up to 400°C and 300°C, respectively. After that the beams reinforced with steel bars had the superiority. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20beams" title="concrete beams">concrete beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRP%20rebar" title=" FRP rebar"> FRP rebar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20behavior" title=" flexural behavior"> flexural behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat-damaged" title=" heat-damaged"> heat-damaged</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1470/flexural-behavior-of-heat-damaged-concrete-beams-reinforced-with-fiber-reinforced-polymer-frp-bars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22480</span> Flange/Web Distortional Buckling of Cold-Formed Steel Beams with Web Holes under Pure Bending</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nan-Ting%20Yu">Nan-Ting Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boksun%20Kim"> Boksun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Long-Yuan%20Li"> Long-Yuan Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cold-formed steel beams with web holes are widely used as the load-carrying members in structural engineering. The perforations can release the space of the building and let the pipes go through. However, the perforated cold-formed steel (PCFS) beams may fail by distortional buckling more easily than beams with plain web; this is because the rotational stiffness from the web decreases. It is well known that the distortional buckling can be described as the buckling of the compressed flange-lip system. In fact, near the ultimate failure, the flange/web corner would move laterally, which indicates the bending of the web should be taken account. The purpose of this study is to give a specific solution for the critical stress of flange/web distortional buckling of PCFS beams. The new model is deduced based on classical energy method, and the deflection of the web is represented by the shape function of the plane beam element. The finite element analyses have been performed to validate the accuracy of the proposed model. The comparison of the critical stress calculated from Hancock's model, FEA, and present model, shows that the present model can provide a splendid prediction for the flange/web distortional buckling of PCFS beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold-formed%20steel" title="cold-formed steel">cold-formed steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beams" title=" beams"> beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforations" title=" perforations"> perforations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flange-web%20distortional%20buckling" title=" flange-web distortional buckling"> flange-web distortional buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122660/flangeweb-distortional-buckling-of-cold-formed-steel-beams-with-web-holes-under-pure-bending" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22479</span> Superconvergence of the Iterated Discrete Legendre Galerkin Method for Fredholm-Hammerstein Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payel%20Das">Payel Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gnaneshwar%20Nelakanti"> Gnaneshwar Nelakanti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we analyse the iterated discrete Legendre Galerkin method for Fredholm-Hammerstein integral equations with smooth kernel. Using sufficiently accurate numerical quadrature rule, we obtain superconvergence rates for the iterated discrete Legendre Galerkin solutions in both infinity and $L^2$-norm. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the theoretical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hammerstein%20integral%20equations" title="hammerstein integral equations">hammerstein integral equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20method" title=" spectral method"> spectral method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20galerkin" title=" discrete galerkin"> discrete galerkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%0D%0Aquadrature" title=" numerical quadrature"> numerical quadrature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superconvergence" title=" superconvergence"> superconvergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22260/superconvergence-of-the-iterated-discrete-legendre-galerkin-method-for-fredholm-hammerstein-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22478</span> Influence of the Coarse-Graining Method on a DEM-CFD Simulation of a Pilot-Scale Gas Fluidized Bed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theo%20Ndereyimana">Theo Ndereyimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yann%20Dufresne"> Yann Dufresne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Micael%20Boulet"> Micael Boulet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephane%20Moreau"> Stephane Moreau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The DEM (Discrete Element Method) is used a lot in the industry to simulate large-scale flows of particles; for instance, in a fluidized bed, it allows to predict of the trajectory of every particle. One of the main limits of the DEM is the computational time. The CGM (Coarse-Graining Method) has been developed to tackle this issue. The goal is to increase the size of the particle and, by this means, decrease the number of particles. The method leads to a reduction of the collision frequency due to the reduction of the number of particles. Multiple characteristics of the particle movement and the fluid flow - when there is a coupling between DEM and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The main characteristic that is impacted is the energy dissipation of the system, to regain the dissipation, an ADM (Additional Dissipative Mechanism) can be added to the model. The objective of this current work is to observe the influence of the choice of the ADM and the factor of coarse-graining on the numerical results. These results will be compared with experimental results of a fluidized bed and with a numerical model of the same fluidized bed without using the CGM. The numerical model is one of a 3D cylindrical fluidized bed with 9.6M Geldart B-type particles in a bubbling regime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20dissipative%20mechanism" title="additive dissipative mechanism">additive dissipative mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coarse-graining" title=" coarse-graining"> coarse-graining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluidized%20bed" title=" fluidized bed"> fluidized bed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176694/influence-of-the-coarse-graining-method-on-a-dem-cfd-simulation-of-a-pilot-scale-gas-fluidized-bed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22477</span> Variational Evolutionary Splines for Solving a Model of Temporomandibular Disorders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberto%20Hananel">Alberto Hananel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to modelize the occlusion of a person with temporomandibular disorders as an evolutionary equation and approach its solution by the construction and characterizing of discrete variational splines. To formulate the problem, certain boundary conditions have been considered. After showing the existence and the uniqueness of the solution of such a problem, a convergence result of a discrete variational evolutionary spline is shown. A stress analysis of the occlusion of a human jaw with temporomandibular disorders by finite elements is carried out in FreeFem++ in order to prove the validity of the presented method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approximation" title="approximation">approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20PDE" title=" evolutionary PDE"> evolutionary PDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finite%20Element%20Method" title=" Finite Element Method"> Finite Element Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporomandibular%20disorders" title=" temporomandibular disorders"> temporomandibular disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20spline" title=" variational spline"> variational spline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51438/variational-evolutionary-splines-for-solving-a-model-of-temporomandibular-disorders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22476</span> Direct Approach in Modeling Particle Breakage Using Discrete Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Ghasemi%20Ardi">Ebrahim Ghasemi Ardi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ai%20Bing%20Yu"> Ai Bing Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Run%20Yu%20Yang"> Run Yu Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current study is aimed to develop an available in-house discrete element method (DEM) code and link it with direct breakage event. So, it became possible to determine the particle breakage and then its fragments size distribution, simultaneous with DEM simulation. It directly applies the particle breakage inside the DEM computation algorithm and if any breakage happens the original particle is replaced with daughters. In this way, the calculation will be followed based on a new updated particles list which is very similar to the real grinding environment. To validate developed model, a grinding ball impacting an unconfined particle bed was simulated. Since considering an entire ball mill would be too computationally demanding, this method provided a simplified environment to test the model. Accordingly, a representative volume of the ball mill was simulated inside a box, which could emulate media (ball)–powder bed impacts in a ball mill and during particle bed impact tests. Mono, binary and ternary particle beds were simulated to determine the effects of granular composition on breakage kinetics. The results obtained from the DEM simulations showed a reduction in the specific breakage rate for coarse particles in binary mixtures. The origin of this phenomenon, commonly known as cushioning or decelerated breakage in dry milling processes, was explained by the DEM simulations. Fine particles in a particle bed increase mechanical energy loss, and reduce and distribute interparticle forces thereby inhibiting the breakage of the coarse component. On the other hand, the specific breakage rate of fine particles increased due to contacts associated with coarse particles. Such phenomenon, known as acceleration, was shown to be less significant, but should be considered in future attempts to accurately quantify non-linear breakage kinetics in the modeling of dry milling processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20bed" title="particle bed">particle bed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breakage%20models" title=" breakage models"> breakage models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breakage%20kinetic" title=" breakage kinetic"> breakage kinetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method" title=" discrete element method"> discrete element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79163/direct-approach-in-modeling-particle-breakage-using-discrete-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method%20formed%20by%20bars&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method%20formed%20by%20bars&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20element%20method%20formed%20by%20bars&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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