CINXE.COM

History & Traditions | University of Denver

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head> <script data-cfasync="false" src="https://app.termly.io/resource-blocker/7ba1b5fc-00c7-40fb-b9cb-ebbd46725653?autoBlock=on" async></script> <meta charset="utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"NRJS-ab08c239bec33d61f91",applicationID:"497891743"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.281.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>b,xN:()=>v});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources";var a=r(993);const s=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var c=r(614),u=r(944),l=r(384),d=r(122);const f="[data-nr-mask]",g=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:a.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:c.wk,inactiveMs:c.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){s(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(f):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=f:(0,u.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){s(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,u.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,u.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},p={},m="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(m);if(!p[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return p[e]}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);p[e]=(0,d.a)(t,g());const r=(0,l.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=p[e])}function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(m);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(122),i=r(384),o=r(154),a=r(324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.281.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(836),i=r(606),o=r(860),a=r(646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(990),o=r(371),a=r(646),s=r(607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(566).bz)()},566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(836),i=r(154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(154),i=r(863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(836),i=r(607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(836),i=r(687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(555),o=r(371),a=r(908),s=r(836),c=r(687),u=r(289),l=r(154),d=r(944),f=r(969),g=r(384),p=r(344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(863),b=r(614),y=r(993);var w=r(646),A=r(434);const R=new Map;function _(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[A.Jt]||t[r];return R.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>R.get(c))),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var R="api-",E=R+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(R,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function k(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),_(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=j(R,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=j(R,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=j(R,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(R,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new k).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const T=k.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(E+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{T[e]=j(E,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(E,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(R,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),m}var k=r(217),T=r(122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},I={};var S=r(284);const O=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");I[e]=(0,T.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=I[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,k.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(m.proxy.assets&&(O(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",S.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.281.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.281.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-zqOtfbjYsGTkQScey1O8Hh9fA1+m2RFxLpfv7BWqqTivgQ6iM13v6QJ4d5xykyDwx1GoMFmngC4SKpFn6VciYg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.281.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(374);var e=i(944),t=i(344),r=i(566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(603);var d=i(687),f=i(234),g=i(289),p=i(154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(908),_=i(843),E=i(878),x=i(782),N=i(863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,_.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,E.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var T=i(969);class j extends y{static featureName=T.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,k,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="description" content="Both DU and Denver rose out of the Colorado frontier in the mid-1800&#039;s. Learn more about DU&#039;s rich history and traditions and how they contribute to our future." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.du.edu/about/history-traditions" /> <meta name="google" content="FwD01lYHLpYgK46ITYHR7MQOgA9eqcjp-tZt9tHT0dM" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="University of Denver" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.du.edu" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://www.du.edu/themes/custom/pl_drupal/images/icons/og-share-400x400.png" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="University of Denver" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@uofdenver" /> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="C8AF7DD76B8B0DFDD23C5657C95E4E90" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="icon" href="/sites/default/files/du-main-logo.svg" type="image/svg+xml" /> <script src="/sites/default/files/google_tag/core_du_domain/google_tag.script.js?srsivf" defer></script> <title>History &amp; Traditions | University of Denver</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_sl7QUD1H8m-3-HmAxYnsPVDgLlc-msHkQ9qf52aVYeE.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_Pwug1E0taDZSQb49L6vH9_BLxYpdJzLGN5SIfrCdILY.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pl_drupal/dest/style.css?srsivf" /> </head> <body class="path-node" class="path-node"> <p class="show-on-focus"> <a href="#main-content">Skip to Content</a></p> <div class="off-canvas-wrap"> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PC9LRS" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div aria-label="audience-menu" class="off-canvas position-right" id="audience-menu" data-position="right" data-auto-focus="false" data-transition="push" data-off-canvas="data-off-canvas"> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/info/students" class="bg-img-btn" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/info-for-current-students-button.jpg" alt="Current Students"/> <div class="content"> <p>Current Students</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/info/alumni" class="bg-img-btn" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/info-for-alumni-button.jpg" alt="Alumni"/> <div class="content"> <p>Alumni</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/info/families" class="bg-img-btn" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/info-for-families-button.jpg" alt="Families"/> <div class="content"> <p>Families</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/info/neighbors" class="bg-img-btn" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/info-for-neighboors-button.jpg" alt="Neighbors"/> <div class="content"> <p>Neighbors</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/info/faculty" class="bg-img-btn" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/info-for-faculty-button.jpg" alt="Faculty"/> <div class="content"> <p>Faculty</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/info/staff" class="bg-img-btn" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/info-for-staff-button.jpg" alt="Staff"/> <div class="content"> <p>Staff</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/info/businesses" class="bg-img-btn" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/Businesses-ResourcesFor.jpg" alt="Individuals talking in a hallway"/> <div class="content"> <p>Businesses</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a href="/du-events" class="bg-img-btn" > <img src="/sites/default/files/du-event-portal-audience-nav.jpg" alt="table settings for banquet"/> <div class="content"> <p>Event Portal</p> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="https://newmancenter.evenue.net/list/NC" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> Newman Center </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="https://ritchiecenter.du.edu" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> Ritchie Center </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="/kennedy-mountain-campus" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> Kennedy Mountain Campus </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="https://www.bkstr.com/denverstore/home" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> DU Bookstore </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="https://syndeoinstitute.org" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> Cable Center </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="https://liberalarts.du.edu/anthropology-museum" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> Museum of Anthropology </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="http://vicki-myhren-gallery.du.edu/about-us/" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> Vicki Myhren Gallery </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-6"> <a role="button" href="https://knoebelevents.com/event-spaces/" class="btn btn--dark-red display-block" title="" target="_blank" target=""> Evans Chapel Weddings </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="off-canvas-content " id="off-canvas-content" data-off-canvas-content> <div class="content-top"> </div> <header class="header hero-image" role="banner"> <div id="utility-menu" class="utility-menu " aria-label="utility-menu"> <nav aria-labelledby="block-utilitymenu-menu" id="block-utilitymenu" data-block-plugin-id="system_menu_block:utility-menu"> <p class="visually-hidden" id="block-utilitymenu-menu">Utility Menu</p> <ul class="menu align-right"> <div class="menu-toggle-utility"> <span class="menu-toggle-utility__title">Explore</span> <li> <a href="https://www.du.edu/Directory/servlet/DirectoryServlet" target="_blank" title="DU Directory">Directory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/admission-aid/graduate-admission/request-information" target="_self" title="Request Information about the University of Denver" data-toggle="modal_footer_cta_request_info" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/61">Request Info</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://give.du.edu" target="_self" title="Give to the University of Denver">Give</a> </li> <li> <a href="/visit/du" target="_self" title="Find your program representative and schedule a visit" data-toggle="modal_footer_cta_visit" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2141">Visit</a> </li> <li> <a href="/admission-aid/undergraduate/how-to-apply" target="_self" title="Apply to the University of Denver" data-toggle="modal_footer_cta_apply_general" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66295">Apply</a> </li> <li> <a href="/du-report-it" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/61226">Report an Incident</a> </li> </div> <li class="audience-menu"><a href="#audience-menu" data-toggle="audience-menu">Resources For</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div data-sticky-container> <div id="top-bar-sticky-wrap" class="sticky" data-sticky data-sticky-on="small" data-margin-top="0" data-top-anchor="utility-menu:bottom"> <div class="core-elevate-wrapper"> <div class="unit-elevate-cart-popup" id="utility-elevate-cart-popup" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="unit-elevate-cart-wrapper"> <div role="button" class="back-to-main" aria-controls="#elevate-cart-popup"> <div class="back-to-main-wrapper"> <span class="icon-du-down-dir " aria-hidden="true"></span>Back </div> </div> <div id="elevate-cart-title">Cart</div> <div id="elevate-cart-courses">The cart is empty.</div> <div id="elevate-cart-total">Total<span>$0.00</span></div> <a href="" class="btn" id="elevate-cart-checkout">Checkout</a> <p id="elevate-more-courses">Interested in more? <a href="" id="elevate-checkout-search-courses">Search Courses</a></p> </div> <div role="button" class="close-panel" aria-controls="#elevate-cart-popup"> <span class="icon-du-cust-close " aria-hidden="true"></span> <div class="show-for-sr">Close Search</div> </div></div> </div> <div class="top-bar"> <nav id="main-menu-wrap"> <div class="row expanded"> <div class="columns shrink"> <a href="/" class="logo "> <span><img src="https://www.du.edu/themes/custom/pl_drupal/images/svg/university-of-denver-du-logo-main.svg" alt="Logo"/ width="224"/> <div class="site-identity"> <span class="site-prefix"></span> <span class="site-name"></span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns"> <div id="main-menu"> <nav aria-labelledby="block-pl-drupal-main-menu-menu" id="block-pl-drupal-main-menu" data-block-plugin-id="system_menu_block:main"> <p class="visually-hidden" id="block-pl-drupal-main-menu-menu">Main navigation</p> <ul class="menu menu-level-0"> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/admission-aid" target="_self" title="Admission and Aid" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/51">Admission &amp; Aid</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown--full menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="row"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content medium-8 columns"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__image"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/nav-img/admission-aid-flyout-visit-our-campus.png" width="791" height="391" alt="adm aid" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__card menu-dropdown__content__card--absolute"> <h2> <div>Visit Our Campus</div> </h2> <div><p>Discovering our campus is a breeze, whether you’re a high-schooler thinking about attending DU, an admitted student learning your way around, or a teacher or counselor setting up a group visit.</p></div> <a href="https://www.du.edu/admission-aid/undergraduate/visit" class="btn">Visit Us</a> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__sub-links menu-dropdown__sub-links--small medium-4 columns"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/admission-aid" target="_self" title="Admission and Aid Overview" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/51">Admission &amp; Aid Overview</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/admission-aid/undergraduate" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66778">Undergraduate Admission</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/admission-aid/graduate" target="_self" title="Graduate Admission" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/96">Graduate Admission</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/admission-aid/financial-aid" target="_self" title="Financial Aid and Scholarships" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5896">Financial Aid &amp; Scholarships</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/academics" target="_self" title="Academics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91">Academics</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown--full menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="row"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content medium-8 columns"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__image"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/nav-img/academics-flyout-outside-the-classroom.png" width="388" height="218" alt="Academics" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__card menu-dropdown__content__card--absolute"> <h2> <div>The World is Your Classroom</div> </h2> <div><p>With opportunities to participate in research and internships as well as robust service learning and study abroad traditions, a DU education takes you beyond the lecture hall walls.</p></div> <a href="https://www.du.edu/academics/outside-classroom" class="btn">Explore</a> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__sub-links menu-dropdown__sub-links--small medium-4 columns"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academics" target="_self" title="Academics Overview" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91">Academics Overview</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/academics/undergraduate-programs" target="_self" title="Undergraduate Programs" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/111">Undergraduate Programs</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/academics/graduate-programs" target="_self" title="Graduate Programs" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/146">Graduate Programs</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academics/outside-classroom" target="_self" title="Outside the Classroom" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/116">Outside the Classroom</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academics/study-abroad" target="_self" title="Study Abroad" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/151">Study Abroad</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academics/libraries" target="_self" title="Libraries" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/156">Libraries</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/academics/schools-colleges" target="_self" title="Schools and Colleges" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/161">Schools &amp; Colleges</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/4D-experience" target="_blank" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/60266">The 4D Experience</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/about/our-leadership/office-provost/accreditation" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/26551">Accreditation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/research/overview" title="Research Overview" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66399">Research</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown--full menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="row"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content medium-8 columns"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__image"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/DU-student-research.jpg" width="510" height="391" alt="DU students doing research in forest" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__card menu-dropdown__content__card--absolute"> <h2> <div>DU Research</div> </h2> <div><div><p>Our student and faculty researchers are blazing trails, and the world is taking notice. Check out some of our recent success stories and our ongoing efforts to improve our world.</p></div></div> <a href="https://www.du.edu/research/overview" class="btn">Learn More</a> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__sub-links menu-dropdown__sub-links--small medium-4 columns"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/overview" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66399">Research Overview</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/research/institutes" title="Research Institutes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66528">Research Institutes</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/leadership/provost/academic-leaders/public-impact-fellows" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66587">Public Impact Fellows</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/campus-life/overview" target="_self" title="Campus Life Overview" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/126">Campus Life</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown--full menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="row"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content medium-8 columns"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__image"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/nav-img/campus-life-flyout-make-yourself-at-home.png" width="791" height="391" alt="Make Yourself At Home" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__card menu-dropdown__content__card--absolute"> <h2> <div>Make Yourself at Home</div> </h2> <div><p>With well-appointed, sustainable residence halls and meals made from scratch to accommodate all dietary needs, DU is a place you can feel at home.</p></div> <a href="https://www.du.edu/campus-life/living/housing-dining" class="btn">Explore</a> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__sub-links menu-dropdown__sub-links--small medium-4 columns"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/campus-life/overview" target="_self" title="Campus Life Overview" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/126">Campus Life Overview</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://du.edu/usg" title="DU USG">Undergraduate Student Government</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/campus-life/living" target="_self" title="Living at DU" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1016">Living at DU</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/campus-life/arts-activities" target="_self" title="Arts and Activities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1301">Arts &amp; Activities</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/campus-life/academic-support" target="_self" title="Academic Support" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1306">Academic Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/athletics/overview" target="_self" title="Athletics page" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/131">Athletics</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.du.edu/news" title="News">News</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/calendar" target="_self" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1316">Events</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/about/overview" target="_self" title="About" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/141">About</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown--full menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="row"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content medium-8 columns"> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__image"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/DU%20Day%201%20Screenshot%20001.00_01_54_12.Still022.jpg" width="695" height="391" alt="students gathered on hill" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__content__card menu-dropdown__content__card--absolute"> <h2> <div>Kennedy Mountain Campus</div> </h2> <div><p>Learn about our brand new Kennedy Mountain Campus and explore the ways it contributes to our <a href="https://www.du.edu/4D-experience" target="_blank">Four-Dimensional Experience</a>.</p></div> <a href="/kennedy-mountain-campus" class="btn">Explore</a> </div> </div> <div class="menu-dropdown__sub-links menu-dropdown__sub-links--small medium-4 columns"> <ul class="menu menu-level-1"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/mission-vision-values" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/55465">Mission, Vision &amp; Values</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/about/educational-approach" target="_self" title="Educational Approach" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1071">Educational Approach</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.du.edu/about/freedom-of-expression">Freedom of Expression</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.du.edu/about/first-destinations">First Destinations</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.du.edu/kennedy-mountain-campus" target="_blank">Kennedy Mountain Campus</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/about/local-involvement" target="_self" title="Local Involvement" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1076">Local Involvement</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/about/global-reach" target="_self" title="Global Reach" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1101">Global Reach</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="/about/history-traditions" target="_self" title="History and Traditions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1106" class="is-active">History &amp; Traditions</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/about/alumni" target="_self" title="Alumni" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1111">Alumni</a> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/about/leadership" target="_self" title="Our Leadership" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1116">Our Leadership</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.du.edu/equity" target="_blank" class="external-link-gold" title="Equity website">Diversity, Equity &amp; Inclusion</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="/community-values" target="_blank" class="external-link-gold" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/53296">Community + Values</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.du.edu/policy">University Policies</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="utility-menu show-for-small-only " aria-label="utility-menu-mobile"> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="columns shrink"> <ul id="search-toggler" class="dropdown menu" data-dropdown-menu data-options="clickOpen: true; closeOnClickInside: false; closeOnClick: true; disableHover: true;"> <li class="search mega-menu"> <a href="#">Search</a> <ul id="search" class="menu"> <li> <div class="row"> <div class="columns"> <div class="search-box"> <label class="show-for-sr" for="site-search-input" aria-label="search-label">Search Input</label> <input name="search" id="site-search-input" placeholder="Search" type="text" required="required" tabindex="1"> <button class="search-submit" type="button" title="Submit Search"> <span class="icon-du-cust-search" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="show-for-sr">Submit Search</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <div id="unit-main-menu-toggler" class="align-right" data-responsive-toggle="main-menu" data-hide-for="large"> <button class="icon-du-cust-menu" type="button" data-toggle="main-menu"> <span class="show-for-sr">Toggle Menu</span></button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hero-media "> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/hero_image_1356_x_538/public/about-hero.jpg?itok=uiverLI7 1x" media="(min-width: 1200px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/hero_image_1200_x_476/public/about-hero.jpg?itok=EuV1fEAP 1x" media="(min-width: 1024px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/hero_image_1125_x_445/public/about-hero.jpg?itok=MxGyMpA6 1x" media="(min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/hero_image_1024_x_406/public/about-hero.jpg?itok=vYBbgQzA 1x" media="(min-width:450px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/hero_image_768_x_304/public/about-hero.jpg?itok=x4E40hqg 1x" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/hero_image_1200_x_476/public/about-hero.jpg?itok=EuV1fEAP" alt="hero image" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="hero-media__caption " id="hero-media__caption" data-toggler=".caption-expanded"> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12"> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <article id="main-content" role="main" > <div class="row"> <div class="columns large-offset-4 large-8 pull-up page-title-band"> <h1> <span>History &amp; Traditions</span> </h1> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 large-3 pull-up"> <div class="sub-menu-wrap"> <p id="sub-menu-toggler" data-responsive-toggle="sub-menu" data-hide-for="large"> <a href="#" data-toggle> Explore this Section </a> </p> <nav id="sub-menu" aria-label="sub-navigation"> <ul data-region="subnav"> <li > <a href="/about/overview" target="_self" title="About" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/141">Overview</a> <li > <a href="/about/mission-vision-values" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/55465">Mission, Vision &amp; Values</a> </li> <li class="has-subnav" > <a href="/about/educational-approach" target="_self" title="Educational Approach" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1071">Educational Approach</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.du.edu/about/freedom-of-expression">Freedom of Expression</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.du.edu/about/first-destinations">First Destinations</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.du.edu/kennedy-mountain-campus" target="_blank">Kennedy Mountain Campus</a> </li> <li class="has-subnav" > <a href="/about/local-involvement" target="_self" title="Local Involvement" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1076">Local Involvement</a> </li> <li class="has-subnav" > <a href="/about/global-reach" target="_self" title="Global Reach" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1101">Global Reach</a> </li> <li class="active" > <a href="/about/history-traditions" target="_self" title="History and Traditions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1106" class="is-active">History &amp; Traditions</a> </li> <li > <a href="/about/alumni" target="_self" title="Alumni" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1111">Alumni</a> </li> <li class="has-subnav" > <a href="/about/leadership" target="_self" title="Our Leadership" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1116">Our Leadership</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.du.edu/equity" target="_blank" class="external-link-gold" title="Equity website" >Diversity, Equity &amp; Inclusion<i class="external-link-icon icon-du-link-ext-alt"></i></a> </li> <li > <a href="/community-values" target="_blank" class="external-link-gold" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/53296" >Community + Values<i class="external-link-icon icon-du-link-ext-alt"></i></a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.du.edu/policy">University Policies</a> </li> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="columns small-12 large-8 large-offset-1 intro"> <h2> A Pioneer legacy </h2> <p>Both DU and Denver rose out of the Colorado frontier and have developed in tandem ever since. We were founded in 1864 as the Colorado Seminary, only six years after the founding of Denver City in what was then the Colorado Territory. As Denver grew from a gold rush boom town with a population of around 3,000 into one of the largest and most cosmopolitan cities of the interior West, we too evolved from our roots as a Methodist seminary into a global intellectual center in a city on the rise. Our first female and African American graduates earned their degrees in 1886 and 1900, respectively. </p> <p>We established one of the first business schools in the country, as well as the first school of social work between the Mississippi and the West Coast. Football teams from the NFL and the AFL played each other for the first time on our campus. During the 1960s, Martin Luther King Jr. visited and we became a center of protest for the region.</p> <p>As we entered the 21st century, we modernized our campus and renewed our commitment to academic excellence and inclusion. Our students and faculty continue to drive our development, and we look forward to the next 150 years as we enhance our status as one of our city's defining institutions and an internationally known, student-centered research university.</p> </div> </div> <div class="stories-module stories-module--two-col buffer-on-inner-row"> <div class="row stories-module__wrapper" data-equalizer="row" data-equalize-on-row="true"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <h3 class="btm-divider"> DU Traditions </h3> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <div class="stories-module__story"> <div class="content" data-equalizer-watch="row"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/story-du-rose_0.jpg" width="338" height="343" alt="DU Rose" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <h5> The DU Rose </h5> <p>The DU Rose is a special variety known as "Rosa Denvera." After the University received a rose bush as a gift in 1912, botanist Ira Cutler discovered the blossoms were unlike any others. He then used the original specimens to develop a distinct variety still used for functions on campus.</p> </div> <div class="story-cta"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <div class="stories-module__story"> <div class="content" data-equalizer-watch="row"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/story-founders-image_0.jpg" width="338" height="343" alt="Founders Forum" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <h5> Founders Celebration </h5> <p>The Founders Celebration is one of DU's most treasured traditions, dating back to our earliest days. We take part in lectures, forums and gatherings throughout our community as we honor the commitment and vision of those who have and continue to have the greatest impact on our University.</p> </div> <div class="story-cta"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="large-image-module__container"> <div class="row"> <div class="columns"> <h3 class="btm-divider"></h3> </div> </div> <div class="orbit large-image-module" role="region" data-auto-play="false" aria-label="Large Image Carousel" data-orbit data-options=""> <div class="large-image-module__wrapper orbit-wrapper"> <ul class="orbit-container"> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1864.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="John Evans" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>March 5, 1864:</strong> John Evans signs the charter for the Colorado Seminary.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1880.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="First DU Class" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>1880:</strong> After briefly shutting down due to financial issues, the Colorado Seminary reopens as the University of Denver.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1890.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="cornerstone" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>1890:</strong> The University breaks ground on the University Park campus, where we reside to this day.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1941.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="Lamont School of Music" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>1941:</strong> The Lamont School of Music, originally a separate institution, merges with DU.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1945.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="admission spikes" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>1946:</strong> Enrollment at DU skyrockets, jumping to a total of 5,716 following the return of GIs from World War II.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1958.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="Hockey Champs" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>1958:</strong> DU Pioneers Hockey wins their first NCAA Championship, beginning a legacy that would see them up that total to eight (second among all schools).</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1964.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="Centennial" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>1964:</strong> DU celebrates its centennial year.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/1991.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="The Bridge Project" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>1991:</strong> The Bridge Project is founded to provide tutoring, mentoring and college scholarships to children in Denver’s public housing communities.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/2001.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="First Diversity Summit" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>2001:</strong> Students hold DU's first Diversity Summit, a program started with 25 students to more than 1,000 today.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> <li class="orbit-slide"> <figure class="orbit-figure"> <div> <img src="/sites/default/files/2012.jpg" width="1356" height="704" alt="Presidential Debate" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> <figcaption class="orbit-caption"> <p><strong>2012:</strong> DU hosts the presidential election's first debate between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney.</p> </figcaption> </figure> </li> </ul> <div class="orbit-controls"> <button class="orbit-previous"><span class="show-for-sr">Previous Slide</span><span class="icon-du-left-open " aria-hidden="true"></span></button> <div class="slide-number"></div> <button class="orbit-next"><span class="show-for-sr">Next Slide</span><span class="icon-du-right-open " aria-hidden="true"></span></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="copy-module copy-module--image"> <div class="row expanded"> <div class="columns"> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 large-6"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/copy_image_584_x_373/public/copy-sand-creek-symposium.jpg?itok=P9aHhAs7 1x" media="(min-width: 1024px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/copy_image_884_x_564/public/copy-sand-creek-symposium.jpg?itok=jhfGoY3R 1x" media="(min-width: 768px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/copy_image_450_x_287/public/copy-sand-creek-symposium.jpg?itok=wIlrQV3W 1x" media="(min-width:450px)" type="image/jpeg"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/copy_image_450_x_287/public/copy-sand-creek-symposium.jpg?itok=wIlrQV3W 1x" type="image/jpeg"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/copy_image_884_x_564/public/copy-sand-creek-symposium.jpg?itok=jhfGoY3R" alt="Sand Creek Symposium" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </picture> </div> <div class="columns small-12 large-6 "> <div class="content "> <h3 class="btm-divider">Sand Creek</h3> <p>In November of 1864, the year of our founding, a U.S. militia group attacked and murdered an estimated 160 women, children and elderly members of the Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes at Sand Creek in Southeastern Colorado.</p> <p>The Sand Creek Massacre was planned by Col. John Chivington, a member of our original Board of Directors, and carried out by military troops under his command. However, the conditions under which the massacre could occur, including the raising of Chivington's forces, were created in large part by the person most often associated with founding the University, John Evans, who was governor and superintendent of Indian affairs of the Colorado Territory. By recognizing Evans’ role and learning more about the Cheyenne and Arapaho peoples who once lived on this land, we are able to understand our past more fully and promote healing from this dark moment in our collective history.</p> <p>We give particular attention to supporting and working with Colorado's Cheyenne and Arapaho communities through documentary screenings, lectures and special healing ceremonies, often as part of campus events like our annual Diversity Summit.</p> <p>We also created a Task Force on Native American Inclusivity, which developed a report on how we can serve the public good with respect to Native communities. This report resulted in the establishment of the office of the Director of Native American Community Partnerships and Programs, whose role is to help make the University more accessible to Native American students and provide support to them once they arrive.</p> <p><a class="btn" href="https://www.du.edu/sites/g/files/lmucqz251/files/2018-04/DUJEC%20Report%20Nov1-2014.pdf" target="_blank" title="John Evans Committee Report PDF Download">Read the Report</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <footer> <div> <div><div class="has-gray-band"> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <a href="https://admission.du.edu/register/requestinformation" class="bg-img-btn" onclick="" data-toggle="modal_footer_cta_request_info" target="_self" title="Request Information about the University of Denver"> <img src="/sites/default/files/button-img/footer-btn-img1.jpg" width="386" height="235" alt="Request Info" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <div class="content"> <img src="/sites/default/files/button-icon/footer-icon-request-info.png" width="74" height="81" alt="Request Info Icon" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <p>REQUEST INFO</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <a href="https://www.du.edu/admission-aid/undergraduate/how-to-apply" class="bg-img-btn" onclick="" data-toggle="modal_footer_cta_apply_general" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/20181013MFP_3870_Homecoming%20Hockey.jpg" width="384" height="234" alt="Homecoming hockey" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <div class="content"> <img src="/sites/default/files/button-icon/footer-icon-apply.png" width="67" height="80" alt="Apply Icon" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <p>APPLY TO DU</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <a href="/admission-aid/undergraduate/visit" class="bg-img-btn" onclick="" data-toggle="modal_footer_cta_visit" target="_self" > <img src="/sites/default/files/button-img/footer-btn-img3.jpg" width="386" height="235" alt="Campus Panorama" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <div class="content"> <img src="/sites/default/files/button-icon/footer-icon-visit.png" width="115" height="79" alt="Visit" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <p>VISIT DU</p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div class="follow-us"> <div class="row align-middle"> <div class="columns small-12 large-3"> <h2> Follow Us: </h2> </div> <div class="columns small-12 large-6"> <ul class="menu social-media align-spaced"> <li> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/uofdenver" title="follow&#x20;us&#x20;on&#x20;Facebook" target="_blank" > <span class="icon-du-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="show-for-sr">"</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.twitter.com/uofdenver" title="follow&#x20;us&#x20;on&#x20;twitter" target="_blank" > <span class="icon-du-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="show-for-sr">"</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.instagram.com/uofdenver/" title="follow&#x20;us&#x20;on&#x20;instagram" target="_blank" > <span class="icon-du-instagram" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="show-for-sr">"</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/university-of-denver/" title="follow&#x20;us&#x20;on&#x20;linkedin" target="_blank" > <span class="icon-du-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="show-for-sr">"</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.youtube.com/uofdenver" title="follow&#x20;us&#x20;on&#x20;youtube" target="_blank" > <span class="icon-du-youtube" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="show-for-sr">"</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="columns small-12 large-3"> <a href="/social-media" class="follow-us__view-all"> <strong>See Posts <span class="icon-du-right-arrow" aria-hidden="true"></span> </strong> </a> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> <nav aria-labelledby="block-footermenu-menu" id="block-footermenu" data-block-plugin-id="system_menu_block:footer-menu"> <p class="visually-hidden" id="block-footermenu-menu">Footer Menu</p> <nav class="bg-dark-gray" aria-label="footer-links"> <ul class="menu align-center"> <li> <a href="https://map.concept3d.com/?id=64" target="_blank" title="Interactive Map and Printable Map PDFs">Maps</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://jobs.du.edu/en-us/listing/" target="_blank" title="Jobs at the University of Denver">Jobs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/site-utilities/contact" target="_self" title="Contacting the Unviersity of Denver" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2831">Contact</a> </li> <li> <a href="/site-utilities/privacy-policy" target="_self" title="University of Denver Privacy Policy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/63922">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/feedback" target="_self" title="University of Denver Feedback Form" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1331">Feedback</a> </li> <li> <a href="" class="termly-display-preferences">Consent Preferences</a> </li> <li> <a href="/" data-toggle="modal_footer_disclosures" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6">Disclosures</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </nav> <p class="copyright">Copyright ©2025 University of Denver. | All rights reserved. | The University of Denver is an equal opportunity affirmative action institution</p> <div><div class="full reveal" data-animation-in="fade-in" data-animation-out="fade-out" data-reveal="data-reveal" id="modal_footer_cta_apply_general"> <div class="row align-center modal_wrapper"> <div class="columns align-self-middle modal_cta_utility"> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12"> <h2 class="btm-divider text-center">Start Your <strong>Application</strong></h2> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <h5>Undergraduate Applicants</h5> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-8"> <p>We accept the Common App, a universal application that can be sent to many schools.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 text-center"> <h6>Common App</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="https://apply.commonapp.org/login?m=78" target="_blank" title="Start a Common App for First Years">First-Year Students</a> <a class="btn" href="https://apply.commonapp.org/login?m=78" target="_blank" title="Start a Common App for Transfer Students">Transfer Students</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 text-center"> <h6>Bachelor Completions</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="https://gradadmissions.du.edu/apply/" target="_blank" title="Start an Application">All Students</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-2"> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <h5> </h5> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-8"> <p> </p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <h5>Graduate Applicants</h5> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-8"> <p>Go to the graduate admission application to submit your information. For information on admission requirements, visit the graduate academic programs page and locate your program of interest.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 text-center"> <h6>Apply Now</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="https://gradadmissions.du.edu/apply/" target="_blank" title="Start a Graduate Application">Graduate Application</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 text-center"> <h6>Explore Programs</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="/academics/graduate-programs" title="Explore Graduate Programs">Graduate Academic Programs</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-2"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="close-button" data-close=""><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div></div> <div><div class="full reveal" data-animation-in="fade-in" data-animation-out="fade-out" data-reveal="data-reveal" id="modal_footer_cta_apply_grad"> <div class="row align-center modal_wrapper"> <div class="columns align-self-middle modal_cta_utility"> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12"> <h2 class="btm-divider text-center">Start Your <strong>Application</strong></h2> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <h5>Graduate Applicants</h5> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-8"> <p>Go to the graduate admission application to submit your information. For information on admission requirements, visit the graduate academic programs page and locate your program of interest.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 text-center"> <h6>Apply Now</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="https://gradadmissions.du.edu/apply/" target="_blank" title="Start a Graduate Application">Graduate Application</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 text-center"> <h6>Explore Programs</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="/academics/graduate-programs" title="Start a Graduate Application">Graduate Academic Programs</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-2"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="close-button" data-close=""><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div></div> <div><div class="full reveal" data-animation-in="fade-in" data-animation-out="fade-out" data-reveal="data-reveal" id="modal_footer_cta_request_info"> <div class="row align-center modal_wrapper"> <div class="columns align-self-middle modal_cta_utility"> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12"> <h2 class="btm-divider text-center">Take The <strong>First Step</strong></h2> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4 text-center"> <h4>Undergraduates</h4> <p>Contact Undergraduate Admission</p> <p><a class="btn" href="https://admission.du.edu/register/requestinformation" target="_blank" title="Request Info from Undergraduate Admission">Request Info</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4 medium-offset-1 text-center"> <h4>Graduates</h4> <p>Request Graduate Program Information</p> <p><a class="btn" href="/admission-aid/graduate-admission/request-information" title="Request Info from Graduate Admission">Request Info</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="close-button" data-close=""><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button></div></div> <div><div class="full reveal" data-animation-in="fade-in" data-animation-out="fade-out" data-reveal="data-reveal" id="modal_footer_cta_apply_undergrad"> <div class="row align-center modal_wrapper"> <div class="columns align-self-middle modal_cta_utility"> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12"> <h2 class="btm-divider text-center">Start Your <strong>Application:</strong></h2> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4"> <h5>Undergraduate Applicants</h5> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-8"> <p>We accept the Common App, a universal application that can be sent to many schools.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 text-center"> <h6>Common App</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="https://apply.commonapp.org/login?m=78#_ga=2.113481415.1531125134.1525784382-2023974254.1479322633" target="_blank" title="Start a Common App for First Years">First-Year Students</a> <a class="btn" href="https://apply.commonapp.org/login?m=78#_ga=2.149485558.1531125134.1525784382-2023974254.1479322633" target="_blank" title="Start a Common App for Transfer Students">Transfer Students</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 medium-offset-1 text-center"> <h6>Bachelor Completions</h6> <p><a class="btn" href="https://gradadmissions.du.edu/apply/" target="_blank" title="Start an Application">All Students</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-3 medium-offset-1 text-center"> <h6> </h6> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p><button class="close-button" data-close=""><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button></p> </div></div> <div><div class="full reveal" data-animation-in="fade-in" data-animation-out="fade-out" data-reveal="data-reveal" id="modal_footer_cta_visit"> <div class="row align-center modal_wrapper"> <div class="columns align-self-middle modal_cta_utility"> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12"> <h2 class="btm-divider text-center">See Our <strong>Campus</strong></h2> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4 text-center"> <h4>Undergraduates</h4> <p>View our visit options and schedule your trip to DU.<br />  </p> <p><a class="btn" href="https://www.du.edu/admission-aid/undergraduate/visit" title="Schedule your undergraduate visit">Schedule a Visit</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4 medium-offset-1 text-center"> <h4>Graduates</h4> <p>Find your graduate program representative and schedule a visit.</p> <p><a class="btn" href="https://www.du.edu/admission-aid/graduate/visit" title="Schedule your graduate visit">Schedule a Visit</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="close-button" data-close=""><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button></div></div> <div><div class="full reveal" data-animation-in="fade-in" data-animation-out="fade-out" data-reveal="data-reveal" id="modal_footer_disclosures"> <div class="row align-center modal_wrapper"> <div class="columns align-self-middle modal_cta_utility"> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns medium-12"> <h2 class="btm-divider text-center">Disclosures</h2> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4 text-center">The University of Denver admits students of any race, color, national and ethnic origin to all the rights, privileges, programs, and activities generally accorded or made available to students at the school. It does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national and ethnic origin in administration of its educational policies, admissions policies, scholarship and loan programs, and athletic and other school-administered programs.<br /><br /> If interested in more information, please explore DU’s <a href="https://du.edu/ir/reporting/disclosures.html" target="_blank" title="Consumer Disclosures webpage">Consumer Disclosures</a>, the <a href="https://www.du.edu/equalopportunity/policies_procedures/index.html" target="_blank" title="Equal Opportunity policies webpage">Office of Equal Opportunity &amp; Office of Title IX</a> and <a href="https://www.du.edu/public-health/communications/heerf-disclosure" target="_blank">HEERF Disclosures</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="close-button" data-close=""><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button></div></div> <div><div class="full reveal" data-animation-in="fade-in" data-animation-out="fade-out" data-reveal="data-reveal" id="covid"> <div class="row align-center modal_wrapper"> <div class="columns align-self-middle modal_cta_utility"> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12"> <h2 class="btm-divider text-center">Important Links for Navigating COVID</h2> </div> </div> <div class="row align-center"> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4 text-center"> <h4>Government Bodies</h4> <p><a class="btn" href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html" target="_blank">Centers for Disease Control &amp; Prevention</a></p> <p><a class="btn" href="https://covid19.colorado.gov/" target="_blank">Colorado Department of Health &amp; Environment</a></p> </div> <div class="columns small-12 medium-4 medium-offset-1 text-center"> <h4>Healthcare Services</h4> <p><a class="btn" href="https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/" target="_blank">Kaiser Permanente</a></p> <p><a class="btn" href="https://www.du.edu/health-and-counseling-center/" target="_blank">DU's Health &amp; Counseling Center</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="close-button" data-close=""><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button></div></div> <div><style> .copy-module iframe { min-height: 100% !important; } .records-view { overflow: hidden; } .records-view table thead th a { color: #fefefe; } .records-view table thead tr, .records-view table tfoot tr { background: #757575 !important; } .records-view table thead th.is-active { background: #18171e; } .admission-steps .tabs-content .is-active .columns .align-years div:nth-child(n+3) { display: none; } .admission-steps .tabs-content .is-active .columns .align-years { display: flex; } @media screen and (min-width: 320px) { #kaltura-responsive-video-inline { margin-top: 460px !important; } } @media (min-width: 590px) and (max-width: 767px) { #kaltura-responsive-video-inline { margin-top: 83.15% !important; } } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1099px) { #kaltura-responsive-video-inline { margin-top: 93.15% !important; } } @media screen and (min-width: 1100px) { #kaltura-responsive-video-inline { margin-top: 61.15% !important; } } .find-an-expert-page #inner-information .expert-field-wrapper .field_social_links-field .follow-us { flex-direction: column !important; } .news-carousel__wrapper .news-item__group__image img { aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: cover; position: inherit !important; top: 25%; left: inherit; transform: translate(0, 0); aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: cover; } .find-an-expert-page #inner-information .expert-field-wrapper .field_social_links-field .follow-us .row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; flex-direction: column; } .find-an-expert-page #inner-information .expert-field-wrapper .field_social_links-field .follow-us .row .large-6 { width: 90% !important; max-width: 90% !important; } .kennedy-mountain-campus .utility-menu .menu .audience-menu a:hover { background-color: white; text-decoration: underline; } .kennedy-mountain-campus .utility-menu #homeAnchor { display: none; } .kennedy-mountain-campus .contact-single-module_overlay--teal { background-image: none !important; } .kennedy-mountain-campus footer div:first-child div .row .small-12 .btm-divider { display: none; } .kennedy-mountain-campus footer div:first-child div .row .small-12 .contact-single-module__content .btm-divider { display: initial; } .handbook-content-page div p { text-align: left !important; } .unit-elevate-cart-popup .elevate-cart-item .icon-du-cancel:before, .core-elevate-cart-popup .elevate-cart-item .icon-du-cancel:before { margin-bottom: -4px; font-size: 1.5rem; } header .utility-menu .menu .menu-toggle-utility__title { margin-bottom: 59px; width: 50% !important; z-index: 5; } header .utility-menu .menu .menu-toggle-utility li { border: none !important; } .handbook-content-page div p { text-align: left !important; } @media print, screen and (max-width: 47.99875em) { header .utility-menu .menu .menu-toggle-utility { width: 50% !important; } } .handbook table thead .views-field-field-policy-document { text-align: center; } @media screen and (max-width: 600px) { .du-alert .du-alert-custom-block .du-alert__action-button { top: 18% !important; } } @media print, screen and (max-width: 47.99875em) { header .utility-menu .menu .menu-toggle-utility { width: 50% !important; } } </style></div> <div><style> .du-home header.core-inline-site #hero-media__caption { padding-top: 0; } </style></div> </footer> <span id="du-loader" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="icon-du-spin3 animate-spin"></span> </span> </div> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1106","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"du_elevate_display":{"du_elevate_displayJS_checkout":{"courses_list":"\/node\/61344","api_url":"https:\/\/us-elevate.elluciancloud.com\/app\/udcs\/"}},"ajax":[],"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"d0e995ae0cd712f2da9a7d6edb075d0efac5287309611de1edca75a36735b609"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_R7bT8fCXA2lsgrL_ZqttPebVjETwN9vyAC4-7r6Lb1g.js"></script> <script src="/libraries/foundation-sites/dist/js/foundation.min.js?v=1.1.0"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_er8qbMak0EtuAdlx-239WoLjCbmTFRb9sRP8jCd4_O0.js"></script> <script src="/libraries/motion-ui/dist/motion-ui.min.js?v=1.1.0"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_iwji4W0X9slIxT97DYPB59MzWdCLgTbE03nKT0Y40R8.js"></script> <script src="https://admission.du.edu/ping" async></script> <script src="https://gradadmissions.du.edu/ping" async></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_vu-I2IfKid7TUx3xpkverZMHdMlbkbS6eiSx90SRh-g.js"></script> <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.isotope/2.2.2/isotope.pkgd.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-scrollTo/2.1.0/jquery.scrollTo.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-ab08c239bec33d61f91","applicationID":"497891743","transactionName":"NVZaZ0ZYXEtRUBdeXgwceVBAUF1WH0MCUFQ9UFlQXFw=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":29,"atts":"GRFZEQ5CT0U=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10