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Bloodbath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stockholm_Bloodbath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_reforms_and_downfall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_reforms_and_downfall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legal reforms and downfall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_reforms_and_downfall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exile_and_imprisonment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exile_and_imprisonment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Exile and imprisonment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exile_and_imprisonment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Issue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Issue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Issue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Issue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Christian II of Denmark</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_II_van_Denemarke" title="Christiaan II van Denemarke – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Christiaan II van Denemarke" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83" title="كريستيان الثاني ملك الدنمارك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كريستيان الثاني ملك الدنمارك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/II_Kristian_(Danimarka_kral%C4%B1)" title="II Kristian (Danimarka kralı) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="II Kristian (Danimarka kralı)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9)" title="ایکینجی کریستیان (دانمارک) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایکینجی کریستیان (دانمارک)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD_II" title="Крысціян II – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Крысціян II" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_II" title="Кристиан II – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кристиан II" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II_Danmark" title="Christian II Danmark – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Christian II Danmark" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristi%C3%A0_II_de_Dinamarca" title="Cristià II de Dinamarca – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cristià II de Dinamarca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi%C3%A1n_II._D%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD" title="Kristián II. Dánský – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kristián II. Dánský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_2." title="Christian 2. – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Christian 2." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II._(D%C3%A4nemark,_Norwegen_und_Schweden)" title="Christian II. (Dänemark, Norwegen und Schweden) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Christian II. (Dänemark, Norwegen und Schweden)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II" title="Christian II – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Christian II" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Χριστιανός Β΄ της Δανίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χριστιανός Β΄ της Δανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristi%C3%A1n_II_de_Dinamarca" title="Cristián II de Dinamarca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cristián II de Dinamarca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristiano_la_2-a_(Danio-Norvegio)" title="Kristiano la 2-a (Danio-Norvegio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kristiano la 2-a (Danio-Norvegio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian_II.a_Danimarkakoa" title="Kristian II.a Danimarkakoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kristian II.a Danimarkakoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85" title="کریستیان دوم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کریستیان دوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II_(roi_de_Danemark)" title="Christian II (roi de Danemark) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Christian II (roi de Danemark)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%88_2%EC%84%B8" title="크리스티안 2세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크리스티안 2세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristijan_II." title="Kristijan II. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kristijan II." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian_la_2ma_di_Dania" title="Kristian la 2ma di Dania – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kristian la 2ma di Dania" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian_II_dari_Denmark" title="Kristian II dari Denmark – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kristian II dari Denmark" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristj%C3%A1n_2." title="Kristján 2. – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kristján 2." data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristiano_II_di_Danimarca" title="Cristiano II di Danimarca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cristiano II di Danimarca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%99,_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A7" title="כריסטיאן השני, מלך דנמרק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כריסטיאן השני, מלך דנמרק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C_II" title="კრისტიან II – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კრისტიან II" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianus_II_(rex_Daniae)" title="Christianus II (rex Daniae) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Christianus II (rex Daniae)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristi%C4%81ns_II" title="Kristiāns II – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kristiāns II" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristijonas_II" title="Kristijonas II – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kristijonas II" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/II._Kereszt%C3%A9ly_d%C3%A1n_kir%C3%A1ly" title="II. Keresztély dán király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="II. Keresztély dán király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83" title="كريستيان التانى ملك الدنمارك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كريستيان التانى ملك الدنمارك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristiano_II_de_Dinamarca" title="Cristiano II de Dinamarca – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Cristiano II de Dinamarca" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_II_van_Denemarken" title="Christiaan II van Denemarken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Christiaan II van Denemarken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B32%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E7%8E%8B)" title="クリスチャン2世 (デンマーク王) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クリスチャン2世 (デンマーク王)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II._(Denemark)" title="Christian II. (Denemark) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Christian II. (Denemark)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II_av_Danmark,_Norge_og_Sverige" title="Christian II av Danmark, Norge og Sverige – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Christian II av Danmark, Norge og Sverige" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian_II_av_Noreg,_Danmark_og_Sverige" title="Kristian II av Noreg, Danmark og Sverige – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kristian II av Noreg, Danmark og Sverige" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrystian_II_Oldenburg" title="Chrystian II Oldenburg – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chrystian II Oldenburg" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristiano_II_da_Dinamarca" title="Cristiano II da Dinamarca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cristiano II da Dinamarca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_al_II-lea_al_Danemarcei" title="Christian al II-lea al Danemarcei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Christian al II-lea al Danemarcei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_II_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8)" title="Кристиан II (король Дании) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кристиан II (король Дании)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristijan_II._Danski" title="Kristijan II. Danski – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kristijan II. Danski" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD_II_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Кристијан II Дански – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кристијан II Дански" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II_od_Danske" title="Christian II od Danske – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Christian II od Danske" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian_II" title="Kristian II – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kristian II" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristian_II" title="Kristian II – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kristian II" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_2_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="พระเจ้าคริสเตียนที่ 2 แห่งเดนมาร์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าคริสเตียนที่ 2 แห่งเดนมาร์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/II._Christian_(Danimarka_kral%C4%B1)" title="II. Christian (Danimarka kralı) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="II. Christian (Danimarka kralı)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD_II" title="Кристіан II – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кристіан II" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II_c%E1%BB%A7a_%C4%90an_M%E1%BA%A1ch" title="Christian II của Đan Mạch – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Christian II của Đan Mạch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="克里斯蒂安二世 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="克里斯蒂安二世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="克里斯蒂安二世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克里斯蒂安二世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q154460#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King of Denmark and Norway (r. 1513–1523), King of Sweden (r. 1520–1521)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"King Christian II" and "Christian II" redirect here. For the composition, see <a href="/wiki/King_Christian_II_(Sibelius)" title="King Christian II (Sibelius)">King Christian II (Sibelius)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Christian_II_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Christian II (disambiguation)">Christian II (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Christian II</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucas_Cranach_(I)_-_Bildnis_Christians_II.,_K%C3%B6nig_von_D%C3%A4nemark_(MbK,_Leipzig).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Lucas_Cranach_%28I%29_-_Bildnis_Christians_II.%2C_K%C3%B6nig_von_D%C3%A4nemark_%28MbK%2C_Leipzig%29.jpg/220px-Lucas_Cranach_%28I%29_-_Bildnis_Christians_II.%2C_K%C3%B6nig_von_D%C3%A4nemark_%28MbK%2C_Leipzig%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Lucas_Cranach_%28I%29_-_Bildnis_Christians_II.%2C_K%C3%B6nig_von_D%C3%A4nemark_%28MbK%2C_Leipzig%29.jpg/330px-Lucas_Cranach_%28I%29_-_Bildnis_Christians_II.%2C_K%C3%B6nig_von_D%C3%A4nemark_%28MbK%2C_Leipzig%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Lucas_Cranach_%28I%29_-_Bildnis_Christians_II.%2C_K%C3%B6nig_von_D%C3%A4nemark_%28MbK%2C_Leipzig%29.jpg/440px-Lucas_Cranach_%28I%29_-_Bildnis_Christians_II.%2C_K%C3%B6nig_von_D%C3%A4nemark_%28MbK%2C_Leipzig%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2656" data-file-height="3469" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Lucas_Cranach_the_Elder" title="Lucas Cranach the Elder">Lucas Cranach the Elder</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1523</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Denmark">King of Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/King_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Norway">Norway</a> <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal" class="noprint">(<a href="/wiki/Style_of_the_Danish_sovereign" class="mw-redirect" title="Style of the Danish sovereign">more...</a>) </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">22 July 1513 – 20 January 1523</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coronation" title="Coronation">Coronation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11 June 1514, <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a><br />23 July 1514, <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_Norway" title="Viceroy of Norway">Viceroy of Norway</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">1506 - 20 January 1513</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data">Christian II (As king)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Sweden">King of Sweden</a> <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal" class="noprint">(<a href="/wiki/Style_of_the_Swedish_sovereign" title="Style of the Swedish sovereign">more...</a>) </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">1 November 1520 – 23 August 1521</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coronation</th><td class="infobox-data">4 November 1520<br /><a href="/wiki/Storkyrkan" title="Storkyrkan">Storkyrkan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav I of Sweden">Gustav I</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 1481<br /><a href="/wiki/Nyborg_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyborg Castle">Nyborg Castle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">25 January 1559<span style="display:none">(1559-01-25)</span> (aged 77)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kalundborg_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalundborg Castle">Kalundborg Castle</a> (as prisoner)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Abbey,_Ghent" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Peter's Abbey, Ghent">St. Peter's Abbey, Ghent</a> <small>(1559–1883)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/St._Canute%27s_Cathedral" title="St. Canute's Cathedral">St. Canute's Cathedral, Odense</a> <small>(since 1883)</small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Austria" title="Isabella of Austria">Isabella of Austria</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1514; died 1526)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal"><i><a href="#Issue">among others...</a></i></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_of_Denmark_(1518-1532)" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Denmark (1518-1532)">John of Denmark</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_of_Denmark,_Electress_Palatine" title="Dorothea of Denmark, Electress Palatine">Dorothea, Electress Palatine</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Christina_of_Denmark" title="Christina of Denmark">Christina, Duchess of Milan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John, King of Denmark</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christina_of_Saxony" title="Christina of Saxony">Christina of Saxony</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="notpageimage infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Autograf,_Kristian_II,_Nordisk_familjebok.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Christian II's signature"><img alt="Christian II's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Autograf%2C_Kristian_II%2C_Nordisk_familjebok.png/125px-Autograf%2C_Kristian_II%2C_Nordisk_familjebok.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Autograf%2C_Kristian_II%2C_Nordisk_familjebok.png/188px-Autograf%2C_Kristian_II%2C_Nordisk_familjebok.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Autograf%2C_Kristian_II%2C_Nordisk_familjebok.png/250px-Autograf%2C_Kristian_II%2C_Nordisk_familjebok.png 2x" data-file-width="762" data-file-height="261" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Christian II</b> (1 July 1481 – 25 January 1559) was a <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavian</a> monarch under the <a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a> who reigned as <a href="/wiki/King" title="King">King</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Denmark">Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Norway">Norway</a>, from 1513 until 1523, and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Sweden">Sweden</a> from 1520 until 1521. From 1513 to 1523, he was concurrently <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Schleswig" title="Duchy of Schleswig">Duke of Schleswig</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Holstein" title="Duchy of Holstein">Holstein</a> in joint rule with his uncle <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick</a>. </p><p>As king, Christian tried to maintain the <a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a> between the Scandinavian countries which brought him to war with Sweden, lasting between 1518 and 1523. Though he captured the country in 1520, the subsequent slaughter of leading Swedish nobility, churchmen, and others, known as the <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Bloodbath" title="Stockholm Bloodbath">Stockholm Bloodbath</a>, caused the Swedes to rise against his rule. He was deposed in a rebellion led by the nobleman and later king of Sweden <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Vasa" title="Gustav Vasa">Gustav Vasa</a>. He attempted to bring in a radical reform of the Danish state in 1521–22, which would have strengthened the rights of commoners at the expense of the nobles and clergy. The nobility rose against him in 1523, and he was exiled to the Netherlands, ceding the Danish throne to his uncle <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick</a>. After attempting to reclaim the thrones in 1531, he was arrested and held in captivity for the rest of his life, first in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8nderborg_Castle" title="Sønderborg Castle">Sønderborg Castle</a> and later at <a href="/wiki/Kalundborg_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalundborg Castle">Kalundborg Castle</a>. Supporters tried to restore him to power both during his exile and his imprisonment but they were defeated decisively during the <a href="/wiki/Count%27s_Feud" title="Count's Feud">Count's Feud</a> in 1536. Christian died at Kalundborg in 1559. </p><p>Christian married <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Austria" title="Isabella of Austria">Isabella of Austria</a>, granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, in 1515. Isabella died in 1526, after which her family took Christian's three children from him. His relationship with his mistress, <a href="/wiki/Dyveke_Sigbritsdatter" title="Dyveke Sigbritsdatter">Dyveke Sigbritsdatter</a>, pre-dated his marriage and continued until her death in 1517. Christian's persecution of her supposed murderer contributed to his political isolation and downfall. Dyveke's mother, <a href="/wiki/Sigbrit_Willoms" title="Sigbrit Willoms">Sigbrit Willoms</a>, became an influential councillor and followed Christian into exile. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Christian was born at <a href="/wiki/Nyborg_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyborg Castle">Nyborg Castle</a> in 1481 as the son of <a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John, King of Denmark</a> and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Christina_of_Saxony" title="Christina of Saxony">Christina of Saxony</a>. Christian descended, through <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Valdemar I of Sweden">Valdemar I of Sweden</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Eric" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Eric">House of Eric</a>, and from Catherine, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Inge_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Inge I of Sweden">Inge I of Sweden</a>, as well as from Ingrid Ylva, granddaughter of <a href="/wiki/Sverker_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Sverker I of Sweden">Sverker I of Sweden</a>. His rival <a href="/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav I of Sweden">Gustav I of Sweden</a> descended only from <a href="/wiki/Sverker_II_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Sverker II of Sweden">Sverker II of Sweden</a> and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Sverker" title="House of Sverker">House of Sverker</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Christian took part in his father's <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rotebro" title="Battle of Rotebro">conquest of Sweden in 1497</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Dano-Swedish_War_(1501%E2%80%931512)" title="Dano-Swedish War (1501–1512)">Dano-Swedish War (1501–1512)</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He was appointed <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_Norway" title="Viceroy of Norway">viceroy of Norway</a> in 1506, and succeeded in maintaining control of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200712_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200712-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his administration in Norway, he attempted to deprive the Norwegian nobility of its traditional influence exercised through the <i><a href="/wiki/Rigsraadet" class="mw-redirect" title="Rigsraadet">Rigsraadet</a></i> privy council, leading to controversy with the latter.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1513, he succeeded his father as king of Denmark and Norway.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200712_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200712-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christian's succession to the thrones of Norway and Denmark was confirmed at the <i><a href="/wiki/Herredag" class="mw-redirect" title="Herredag">Herredag</a></i> assembly of notables from the three northern kingdoms, which met at <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> in 1513. The Swedish delegates said, "We have the choice between peace at home and strife here, or peace here and civil war at home, and we prefer the former." A decision as to the Swedish succession was therefore postponed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911275-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christian's coronations as king of Denmark in Copenhagen and of Norway in Oslo took place in the summer of 1514.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200712_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200712-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isabella_of_Spain_Denmark.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Isabella_of_Spain_Denmark.jpg/170px-Isabella_of_Spain_Denmark.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Isabella_of_Spain_Denmark.jpg/255px-Isabella_of_Spain_Denmark.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Isabella_of_Spain_Denmark.jpg/340px-Isabella_of_Spain_Denmark.jpg 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Isabella of Austria, Christian's wife.</figcaption></figure> <p>Whilst visiting <a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a> in 1507 or 1509, Christian fell in love with a Norwegian girl of Dutch heritage, named <a href="/wiki/Dyveke_Sigbritsdatter" title="Dyveke Sigbritsdatter">Dyveke Sigbritsdatter</a>. She became his <a href="/wiki/Mistress_(lover)" title="Mistress (lover)">mistress</a> and remained with him until Dyveke's death. Their relationship was not interrupted by Christian's marriage to <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Austria" title="Isabella of Austria">Isabella of Austria</a>, the granddaughter of Holy Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian I</a>. They <a href="/wiki/Proxy_marriage" title="Proxy marriage">married by proxy</a> on 11 June 1514 in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200713_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200713-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Isabella was brought to <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> a year later, and the marriage was ratified on 12 August 1515 at <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Castle" title="Copenhagen Castle">Copenhagen Castle</a>, in a ceremony conducted by Birger Gunnersen, <a href="/wiki/List_of_bishops_of_Lund" title="List of bishops of Lund">Archbishop of Lund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dyveke died in 1517, and Christian was led to believe that the magnate <a href="/wiki/Torben_Oxe" title="Torben Oxe">Torben Oxe</a> had poisoned her. Oxe's status meant that he should have been tried by the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Denmark)" title="Council of State (Denmark)">Council of State</a>, but instead he was brought to trial by a common jury at Solbjerg outside Copenhagen. He was found guilty and executed in November 1517. This act precipitated the division between the king and aristocracy that ultimately led to Christian's deposition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200714-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Christian's chief counsellor was Dyveke's mother, <a href="/wiki/Sigbrit_Willoms" title="Sigbrit Willoms">Sigbrit Willoms</a>. Christian appointed her controller of the <a href="/wiki/Sound_Dues" title="Sound Dues">Sound Dues</a> of <a href="/wiki/%C3%98resund" title="Øresund">Øresund</a>, and took her advice on all financial matters.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200714-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A bourgeoise herself, she acted to extend the influence of the middle classes, and formed an inner council, which competed with the <i>Rigsraadet</i> for power.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911275-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her influence was resented by the aristocracy, who blamed her for the king's favouring the working classes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reconquest_of_Sweden">Reconquest of Sweden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Reconquest of Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dano-Swedish_War_(1512%E2%80%931520)" title="Dano-Swedish War (1512–1520)">Dano-Swedish War (1512–1520)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_II_og_Elisabeth_(altertavle).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Christian_II_og_Elisabeth_%28altertavle%29.JPG/220px-Christian_II_og_Elisabeth_%28altertavle%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Christian_II_og_Elisabeth_%28altertavle%29.JPG/330px-Christian_II_og_Elisabeth_%28altertavle%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Christian_II_og_Elisabeth_%28altertavle%29.JPG/440px-Christian_II_og_Elisabeth_%28altertavle%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Christian and Isabella depicted on an <a href="/wiki/Altarpiece" title="Altarpiece">altarpiece</a> in <a href="/wiki/Elsinore" class="mw-redirect" title="Elsinore">Elsinore</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Christian was meanwhile preparing for the inevitable war with Sweden. The anti-Danish faction, headed by the regent <a href="/wiki/Sten_Sture_the_Younger" title="Sten Sture the Younger">Sten Sture the Younger</a>, was opposed by the pro-Danish party led by Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Trolle" title="Gustav Trolle">Gustav Trolle</a>. In 1517 Christian dispatched ships and soldiers to the relief of the archbishop's fortress of <a href="/wiki/Almarest%C3%A4ket" title="Almarestäket">Stäket</a>, but was defeated by Sture and his peasant levies at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vedila (page does not exist)">Vedila</a>. A second attempt the following year was also frustrated by Sture's victory at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Br%C3%A4nnkyrka" title="Battle of Brännkyrka">Battle of Brännkyrka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200714-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911275-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A third attempt made in 1520 with a large army of French, German and Scottish mercenaries proved successful. Sture was mortally wounded at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bogesund" title="Battle of Bogesund">Battle of Bogesund</a> on 19 January, and the remaining rebel forces were suppressed in April at the bloody <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uppsala" title="Battle of Uppsala">Battle of Uppsala</a>. Christian’s army and navy then moved to <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Stockholm_(1520)" title="Siege of Stockholm (1520)">besiege the city</a>. Sweden was now under the leadership of Sture's widow <a href="/wiki/Christina_Gyllenstierna" title="Christina Gyllenstierna">Christina Gyllenstierna</a>. Stockholm held out until September 1520, when Christina surrendered. Christian was crowned king of Sweden by Trolle in November, with the agreement of the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_Sweden" title="Privy Council of Sweden">Swedish Privy Council</a> (<i>Riksråd</i>), who had, however, extracted an indemnity for the past and guarantee that Sweden should be ruled according to Swedish laws and custom.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200715_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200715-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911275-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stockholm_Bloodbath">Stockholm Bloodbath</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Stockholm Bloodbath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Bloodbath" title="Stockholm Bloodbath">Stockholm Bloodbath</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stockholm_Bloodbath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Stockholm_Bloodbath.jpg/220px-Stockholm_Bloodbath.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Stockholm_Bloodbath.jpg/330px-Stockholm_Bloodbath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Stockholm_Bloodbath.jpg/440px-Stockholm_Bloodbath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1172" data-file-height="759" /></a><figcaption>The Stockholm bloodbath depicted in a 1676 engraving by Dionysius Padtbrugge.</figcaption></figure> <p>Three days after the coronation, Archbishop Trolle accused the followers of Sture of heresy for their part in the rising against him. Gyllenstierna used the fact that the <a href="/wiki/Riksdag_of_the_Estates" title="Riksdag of the Estates">Swedish Diet</a> had made a 'swearing in common' <i>(sammansvärjning)</i> in 1517, which had bound the nobles to Sture's cause, in defence of her husband's followers. However, Christian seized on this as an opportunity to cement his control over Sweden by removing his opponents. He convened an ecclesiastical court which condemned all parties to the swearing in common. On 8 and 9 November eighty-two Swedish noblemen were executed at Stockholm castle, including the bishops of <a href="/wiki/Skara" title="Skara">Skara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Str%C3%A4ngn%C3%A4s" title="Strängnäs">Strängnäs</a>. As well as Sture's supporters, who had formed Trolle's original list, Christian's suspicious nature led him to even execute supporters of the Kalmar Union. The bodies of <a href="/wiki/Sten_Sture_the_Younger" title="Sten Sture the Younger">Sten Sture</a> and his child were dug up and burnt. Gyllenstierna and other noble Swedish ladies were sent as prisoners to Denmark.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200715–16_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200715–16-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911275-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The bloodbath, rather than cementing Christian's control of the Swedish throne, led in short order to Sweden's secession from the Kalmar Union. <a href="/wiki/Didrik_Slagheck" title="Didrik Slagheck">Didrik Slagheck</a>, whom Christian appointed to the bishopric of Skara and as one of the three regents of Sweden, proved brutal and inept. The remaining Swedish nobility, appalled by the bloodbath, rose against Christian and the Swedish Diet elected <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Vasa" title="Gustav Vasa">Gustav Vasa</a> regent and subsequently King of Sweden.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200716_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200716-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On account of the massacre Christian is remembered in Sweden as <i>Christian the Tyrant</i> (<i>Kristian Tyrann</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReiter1943_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReiter1943-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_reforms_and_downfall">Legal reforms and downfall</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legal reforms and downfall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 1521, the Danish king paid a visit to <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, where he remained for some months. He visited most of the large cities, made the personal acquaintance of <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Matsys" title="Quentin Matsys">Quentin Matsys</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a>, and met <a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a>, with whom he discussed the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911275-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Directly upon his return to Denmark in September 1521 Christian issued two bodies of laws – the Town Law and the Land Law – which governed respectively trade and the behaviour of the clergy. The Town Law strengthened the rights of tradesmen and peasants at the expense of the nobility. Trade was reorganised and was to be conducted solely through market towns, which were to be governed by officials appointed by the king. Trading in peasants was forbidden, and peasants were given the right to negotiate the terms of their tenure with the nobility. The Land Law permitted clergy to marry, and gave some control of the church over to the state. The new laws were radical, progressive, and perceived by the nobility and bishops as an existential threat.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200717–18_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200717–18-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1522, Christian was running out of allies. In an attempt to set up a Danish-centered trading company in direct competition with the <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic League</a>, Christian had raised the sound tolls, which affected trade between Sweden and the Hanseatic towns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714,_18_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200714,_18-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a consequence, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Danzig" class="mw-redirect" title="Danzig">Danzig</a> joined the newly independent Sweden in war against Denmark. Domestic rebellion against Christian started in <a href="/wiki/Jutland" title="Jutland">Jutland</a>. On 20 January 1523, the <i>herredag</i> at <a href="/wiki/Viborg,_Denmark" title="Viborg, Denmark">Viborg</a> offered the Danish crown to Christian's uncle, Duke <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick of Holstein</a>. Frederick's army gained control over most of Denmark during the spring, and in April 1523 Christian left Denmark to seek help abroad. On 1 May, he landed at <a href="/wiki/Veere" title="Veere">Veere</a> in <a href="/wiki/Zeeland" title="Zeeland">Zeeland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200718–19_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200718–19-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911276_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911276-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exile_and_imprisonment">Exile and imprisonment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Exile and imprisonment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carl_Bloch_-_Christian_II_i_f%C3%A6ngslet_p%C3%A5_S%C3%B8nderborg_Slot_1871.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Carl_Bloch_-_Christian_II_i_f%C3%A6ngslet_p%C3%A5_S%C3%B8nderborg_Slot_1871.jpg/170px-Carl_Bloch_-_Christian_II_i_f%C3%A6ngslet_p%C3%A5_S%C3%B8nderborg_Slot_1871.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Carl_Bloch_-_Christian_II_i_f%C3%A6ngslet_p%C3%A5_S%C3%B8nderborg_Slot_1871.jpg/255px-Carl_Bloch_-_Christian_II_i_f%C3%A6ngslet_p%C3%A5_S%C3%B8nderborg_Slot_1871.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Carl_Bloch_-_Christian_II_i_f%C3%A6ngslet_p%C3%A5_S%C3%B8nderborg_Slot_1871.jpg/340px-Carl_Bloch_-_Christian_II_i_f%C3%A6ngslet_p%C3%A5_S%C3%B8nderborg_Slot_1871.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1764" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>Christian II at Sønderborg Castle, painting by Carl Bloch, 1871.</figcaption></figure> <p>In exile Christian led a humble life in the city of <a href="/wiki/Lier,_Belgium" title="Lier, Belgium">Lier</a> in the Netherlands (now in Belgium), waiting for military help from his brother-in-law Charles V. Christian corresponded with <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> and he became a Lutheran for some time; he even commissioned a translation of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> into Danish. Isabella died in January 1526, and Christian's children were taken by her family so as not to be raised as heretics. Popular agitation against Fredrick I in Denmark centered on <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Norby" title="Søren Norby">Søren Norby</a>, who gathered an army of peasants in <a href="/wiki/Scania" title="Scania">Scania</a>, but was defeated in 1525.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200720–21,_61_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200720–21,_61-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1531, Christian had reverted to Catholicism and reconciled with the Emperor. He took a fleet to Norway, and landed in Oslo to popular acclaim in November 1531. Christian failed to subdue <a href="/wiki/Akershus_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Akershus Castle">Akershus Castle</a>, and accepted a promise of safe conduct from Fredrick I, in 1532.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200722_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200722-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Frederick did not keep his promise, and Christian was kept prisoner for the next 27 years, first in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8nderborg_Castle" title="Sønderborg Castle">Sønderborg Castle</a> until 1549, and afterwards at the castle of <a href="/wiki/Kalundborg" title="Kalundborg">Kalundborg</a>. Stories of solitary confinement in small dark chambers are inaccurate; King Christian was treated like a nobleman, particularly in his old age, and he was allowed to host parties, go hunting, and wander freely as long as he did not go beyond the Kalundborg town boundaries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911276_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911276-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fredrick I died in April 1533, and the Danish Council of State was at first unable to choose a successor. The mayor of <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Wullenwever" title="Jürgen Wullenwever">Jürgen Wullenwever</a>, took advantage of the resulting interregnum to conspire for the restoration of Christian II to the throne of Denmark. He formed an alliance with two prominent nobles, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambrosius_Bogbinder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambrosius Bogbinder (page does not exist)">Ambrosius Bogbinder</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B8rgen_Kock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jørgen Kock (page does not exist)">Jørgen Kock</a>, mayor of Malmö. With <a href="/wiki/Christopher,_Count_of_Oldenburg" title="Christopher, Count of Oldenburg">Christopher, Count of Oldenburg</a> as his military commander he succeeded in seizing Scania and Zeeland in the name of Christian II in a conflict known as the <a href="/wiki/Count%27s_Feud" title="Count's Feud">Count's Feud</a>. However, Fredrick's eldest son, also named Christian, raised an army in <a href="/wiki/Holstein" title="Holstein">Holstein</a> which, led by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Rantzau" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Rantzau">Johann Rantzau</a>, took in turn Holstein, Jutland and Zeeland in a series of brilliant military manoeuvers. He formed an alliance with Gustav Vasa, who subdued Scania, and took the throne as <a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III of Denmark</a>. Christian II remained in prison in Kalundborg.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200725–28_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200725–28-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_II_of_Denmark,_Norway_%26_Sweden_grave_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Christian_II_of_Denmark%2C_Norway_%26_Sweden_grave_2009.jpg/200px-Christian_II_of_Denmark%2C_Norway_%26_Sweden_grave_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Christian_II_of_Denmark%2C_Norway_%26_Sweden_grave_2009.jpg/300px-Christian_II_of_Denmark%2C_Norway_%26_Sweden_grave_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Christian_II_of_Denmark%2C_Norway_%26_Sweden_grave_2009.jpg/400px-Christian_II_of_Denmark%2C_Norway_%26_Sweden_grave_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="418" /></a><figcaption>Christian's gravestone at Odense.</figcaption></figure> <p>Christian II died in January 1559,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911276_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911276-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a few days after Christian III. The new king, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a>, ordered that a royal funeral be held in his memory.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He is buried in <a href="/wiki/Odense" title="Odense">Odense</a> next to his wife, parents, and son <a href="/wiki/John_of_Denmark_(1518%E2%80%931532)" title="John of Denmark (1518–1532)">John</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who died in the summer of 1532.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200725_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200725-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Christian II is one of the most discussed of all Danish kings.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He has been regarded as both a hypocritical tyrant and a progressive despot, who wanted to create an absolute monarchy based upon "free citizens".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> His psychological weaknesses have caught the interest of historians, especially his frequently mentioned irresolution, which as years passed seemed to dominate his acts. Christian clearly made too many enemies. Furthermore, the Danish middle class was still not strong enough to support royal power. However some of his ambitions were fulfilled by the victory of absolutism in 1660.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Christian den Anden (Christian II) is a 1889 play by <a href="/wiki/Jenny_Blicher-Clausen" title="Jenny Blicher-Clausen">Jenny Blicher-Clausen</a> which was performed at Copenhagen's Dagmar Theatre.<sup id="cite_ref-kvinfo_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kvinfo-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Jean Sibelius</a> composed in 1898 incidental music <i><a href="/wiki/King_Christian_II_(Sibelius)" title="King Christian II (Sibelius)">King Christian II</a></i> to a play about the king, and derived from it a suite.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fall_of_the_King" title="The Fall of the King">The Fall of the King</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a>: <i lang="da">Kongens Fald</i>), a novel by the Danish author and Nobel Prize Laureate <a href="/wiki/Johannes_V._Jensen" title="Johannes V. Jensen">Johannes V. Jensen</a>, published in three parts from 1900 to 1901, is considered a major work of modern Danish literature. It relates the tangled history of Christian II reign and downfall as seen by the (fictional) Mikkel Thøgersen, a loyal follower of king. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Corridors_of_Time" title="The Corridors of Time">The Corridors of Time</a></i> by Danish-American <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Poul_Anderson" title="Poul Anderson">Poul Anderson</a> includes a section where a modern American travels in time to 16th Century Denmark, arriving there shortly after Christian II's downfall – where he meets and befriends a diehard follower of the deposed King, and the two of them share various adventures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Issue">Issue</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Issue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_children_of_King_Christian_II_of_Denmark_by_Jan_Gossaert_(1526).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Three_children_of_King_Christian_II_of_Denmark_by_Jan_Gossaert_%281526%29.jpg/220px-Three_children_of_King_Christian_II_of_Denmark_by_Jan_Gossaert_%281526%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Three_children_of_King_Christian_II_of_Denmark_by_Jan_Gossaert_%281526%29.jpg/330px-Three_children_of_King_Christian_II_of_Denmark_by_Jan_Gossaert_%281526%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Three_children_of_King_Christian_II_of_Denmark_by_Jan_Gossaert_%281526%29.jpg/440px-Three_children_of_King_Christian_II_of_Denmark_by_Jan_Gossaert_%281526%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2409" data-file-height="1791" /></a><figcaption>Three children of Christian II (Dorothea, John and Christina), by <a href="/wiki/Jan_Mabuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Mabuse">Jan Mabuse</a>, 1526.</figcaption></figure> <p>Christian II had six children by his wife, <a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Austria" title="Isabella of Austria">Isabella of Austria</a> (1501–1526), only three of whom survived infancy and two reached adulthood.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They were: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Birth</th> <th>Death</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_of_Denmark_(1518%E2%80%931532)" title="John of Denmark (1518–1532)">John</a></td> <td><span class="nowrap">21 February 1518</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap">2 August 1532</span></td> <td>Heir to the thrones of Denmark, Norway and Sweden.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBricka1887566–567_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBricka1887566–567-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">Philip Ferdinand</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap">4 July 1519</span></td> <td>1519</td> <td>Twin </td></tr> <tr> <td>Maximilian</td> <td><span class="nowrap">4 July 1519</span></td> <td>1519</td> <td>Twin </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_of_Denmark,_Electress_Palatine" title="Dorothea of Denmark, Electress Palatine">Dorothea</a></td> <td><span class="nowrap">10 November 1520</span></td> <td><span class="nowrap">31 May 1580</span></td> <td>Married in 1535, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick II, Elector Palatine">Frederick II, Elector Palatine</a> and had no issue.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBricka1887306–307_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBricka1887306–307-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Christina_of_Denmark" title="Christina of Denmark">Christina</a></td> <td>c.1522</td> <td>c.1590</td> <td>Married in 1533, <a href="/wiki/Francesco_II_Sforza" title="Francesco II Sforza">Francis II Sforza</a> and had no issue.<br />Married again in 1541, <a href="/wiki/Francis_I,_Duke_of_Lorraine" title="Francis I, Duke of Lorraine">Francis I, Duke of Lorraine</a> and had issue.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBricka1887573–574_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBricka1887573–574-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stillborn son</td> <td>January 1523</td> <td>January 1523</td> <td>Unnamed </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hans</i> in Danish</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200712-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200712_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200712_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200712_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911275-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911275_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBain1911">Bain 1911</a>, p. 275.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSkipper,_Jon_Bloch.2002" class="citation book cs1">Skipper, Jon Bloch. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55219013"><i>Danmarkshistoriens årstal</i></a> [<i>The History of Denmark's dates</i>] (2. revid. udg ed.). Copenhagen: Aschehoug. p. 143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8711115971" title="Special:BookSources/8711115971"><bdi>8711115971</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/55219013">55219013</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Danmarkshistoriens+%C3%A5rstal&rft.place=Copenhagen&rft.pages=143&rft.edition=2.+revid.+udg&rft.pub=Aschehoug&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F55219013&rft.isbn=8711115971&rft.au=Skipper%2C+Jon+Bloch.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F55219013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200713-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200713_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200714-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200715-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200715_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200715–16-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200715–16_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, pp. 15–16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200716-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200716_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReiter1943-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReiter1943_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReiter1943">Reiter 1943</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200717–18-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200717–18_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, pp. 17–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200714,_18-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200714,_18_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, pp. 14, 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200718–19-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200718–19_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, pp. 18–19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBain1911276-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911276_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911276_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBain1911276_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBain1911">Bain 1911</a>, p. 276.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200720–21,_61-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200720–21,_61_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, pp. 20–21, 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200722-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200722_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200725–28-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200725–28_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, pp. 25–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELockhart200725-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELockhart200725_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLockhart2007">Lockhart 2007</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kvinfo-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kvinfo_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZibrandtsen,_Marianne2003" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zibrandtsen, Marianne (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kvinfo.dk/side/171/bio/162/">"Jenny Blicher-Clausen (1865–1907)"</a> (in Danish). Kvinfo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jenny+Blicher-Clausen+%281865%E2%80%931907%29&rft.pub=Kvinfo&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Zibrandtsen%2C+Marianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kvinfo.dk%2Fside%2F171%2Fbio%2F162%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBricka1887566–567-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBricka1887566–567_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBricka1887">Bricka 1887</a>, pp. 566–567.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBricka1887306–307-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBricka1887306–307_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBricka1887">Bricka 1887</a>, pp. 306–307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBricka1887573–574-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBricka1887573–574_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBricka1887">Bricka 1887</a>, pp. 573–574.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBain1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet_Bain" title="Robert Nisbet Bain">Bain, Robert Nisbet</a> (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Christian_II." class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Christian II.">Christian II.</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 274–276.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Christian+II.&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=274-276&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Bain&rft.aufirst=Robert+Nisbet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBisgaard2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bisgaard, Lars (2019). <i>Christian 2. : en biografi</i> [<i>Christian II : a biography</i>] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Gads Forlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8712056973" title="Special:BookSources/978-8712056973"><bdi>978-8712056973</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christian+2.+%3A+en+biografi&rft.place=Copenhagen&rft.pub=Gads+Forlag&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-8712056973&rft.aulast=Bisgaard&rft.aufirst=Lars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBricka1887" class="citation book cs1">Bricka, Carl Frederik (1887). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/dbl/"><i>Dansk biografisk Lexikon</i></a>. Copenhagen: Gyldendal<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dansk+biografisk+Lexikon&rft.place=Copenhagen&rft.pub=Gyldendal&rft.date=1887&rft.aulast=Bricka&rft.aufirst=Carl+Frederik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fruneberg.org%2Fdbl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLockhart2007" class="citation book cs1">Lockhart, Paul Douglas (2007). <i>Denmark, 1513–1660 : the rise and decline of a Renaissance monarchy</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199271214" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199271214"><bdi>978-0199271214</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Denmark%2C+1513%E2%80%931660+%3A+the+rise+and+decline+of+a+Renaissance+monarchy&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0199271214&rft.aulast=Lockhart&rft.aufirst=Paul+Douglas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReiter1943" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Reiter, Paul Johann (1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cR0NzQEACAAJ"><i>Kristian Tyrann. Personlighet, själsliv och livsdrama</i></a> (in Swedish). Witting, Gustaf (tr). Natur och kultur.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kristian+Tyrann.+Personlighet%2C+sj%C3%A4lsliv+och+livsdrama.&rft.pub=Natur+och+kultur&rft.date=1943&rft.aulast=Reiter&rft.aufirst=Paul+Johann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcR0NzQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScocozza1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Scocozza, Benito (1997). "Christian 2.". <i>Politikens bog om danske monarker</i> [<i>Politiken's book about Danish monarchs</i>] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag. pp. 102–110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/8756757727" title="Special:BookSources/8756757727"><bdi>8756757727</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Christian+2.&rft.btitle=Politikens+bog+om+danske+monarker&rft.place=Copenhagen&rft.pages=102-110&rft.pub=Politikens+Forlag&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=8756757727&rft.aulast=Scocozza&rft.aufirst=Benito&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Christian_II_of_Denmark" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Christian II of Denmark">Christian II of Denmark</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-monarchy-in-denmark/The-Royal-Lineage">The Royal Lineage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150314224944/http://kongehuset.dk/english/the-monarchy-in-denmark/The-Royal-Lineage">Archived</a> 14 March 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the website of the <a href="/wiki/Danish_Monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish Monarchy">Danish Monarchy</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRipleyDana1879" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Christian (Danish kings)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Christian_(Danish_kings)">"Christian, the name of nine kings of Denmark. I. Christian II." </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia" class="mw-redirect" title="The American Cyclopædia">The American Cyclopædia</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Christian%2C+the+name+of+nine+kings+of+Denmark.+I.+Christian+II.&rft.btitle=The+American+Cyclop%C3%A6dia&rft.date=1879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristian+II+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Christian II</div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">House of Oldenburg</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 2 July 1481</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 25 January 1559</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Denmark">King of Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="List of Norwegian monarchs">Norway</a> </b><br />1513–1523 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Holstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Holstein">Duke of Holstein</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_dukes_of_Schleswig#House_of_Oldenburg_(1460–1544)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of dukes of Schleswig">Schleswig</a> </b><br />1513–1523<br /><i>with <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a></i> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John II</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Sweden">King of Sweden</a> </b><br />1520–1521 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title next held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustav I of Sweden">Gustav I</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Denmark" title="Template:Monarchs of Denmark"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Denmark" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Denmark"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Denmark" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Denmark"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Denmark" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_monarchs" title="List of Danish monarchs">Monarchs of Denmark</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Kn%C3%BDtlinga" title="House of Knýtlinga">Knýtlinga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="c._916_–_1042" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 916 – 1042</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harthacnut_I_of_Denmark" title="Harthacnut I of Denmark">Сanute I</a> (Harthacnut)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorm_the_Old" title="Gorm the Old">Gorm the Old</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harald_Bluetooth" title="Harald Bluetooth">Harald I Bluetooth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn I</a></i><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_II_of_Denmark" title="Harald II of Denmark">Harald II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnut" title="Cnut">Canute II</a></i><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harthacnut" title="Harthacnut">Canute III</a> (Harthacanute)<sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg/120px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg/180px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg/240px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="1177" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Fairhair_dynasty" title="Fairhair dynasty">Fairhair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1042–1047" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1042–1047</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Magnus_the_Good" title="Magnus the Good">Magnus the Good</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Estridsen" title="House of Estridsen">Estridsen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1047–1375" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1047–1375</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_II_of_Denmark" title="Sweyn II of Denmark">Sweyn II Estridsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Hen" title="Harald Hen">Harald III Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canute_IV_of_Denmark" title="Canute IV of Denmark">Canute IV the Saint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_I_of_Denmark" title="Olaf I of Denmark">Olaf I Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_I_of_Denmark" title="Eric I of Denmark">Eric I Evergood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels,_King_of_Denmark" title="Niels, King of Denmark">Niels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_II_of_Denmark" title="Eric II of Denmark">Eric II the Memorable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_III_of_Denmark" title="Eric III of Denmark">Eric III Lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_III_of_Denmark" title="Sweyn III of Denmark">Sweyn III Grathe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Canute_V_of_Denmark" title="Canute V of Denmark">Canute V</a> / <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_I_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar I of Denmark">Valdemar I the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canute_VI_of_Denmark" title="Canute VI of Denmark">Canute VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdemar_II_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar II of Denmark">Valdemar II the Victorious</a> / <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_the_Young" title="Valdemar the Young">Valdemar the Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_IV_of_Denmark" title="Eric IV of Denmark">Eric IV Plough-tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel,_King_of_Denmark" title="Abel, King of Denmark">Abel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_I_of_Denmark" title="Christopher I of Denmark">Christopher I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_V_of_Denmark" title="Eric V of Denmark">Eric V Klipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_VI_of_Denmark" title="Eric VI of Denmark">Eric VI Menved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_II_of_Denmark" title="Christopher II of Denmark">Christopher II</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_Christoffersen_of_Denmark" title="Eric Christoffersen of Denmark">Eric Christoffersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdemar_III_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar III of Denmark">Valdemar III</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#999">Interregnum</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valdemar_IV_of_Denmark" title="Valdemar IV of Denmark">Valdemar IV Atterdag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bj%C3%A4lbo" title="House of Bjälbo">Bjälbo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1376–1387" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1376–1387</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Olaf_II_of_Denmark" title="Olaf II of Denmark">Olaf II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Estridsen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1376–1412" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1376–1412</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Margaret_I_of_Denmark" title="Margaret I of Denmark">Margrethe I</a></i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Pomerania" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Pomerania">Pomerania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1397–1439" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1397–1439</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric VII of Pomerania</a></i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Palatinate-Neumarkt" title="House of Palatinate-Neumarkt">Palatinate-Neumarkt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1440–1448" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;">1440–1448</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Bavaria" title="Christopher of Bavaria">Christopher III of Bavaria</a></i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><b>Senior branch</b><br />1448–1863</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_I_of_Denmark" title="Christian I of Denmark">Christian I</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christian II</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">Frederick III</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Denmark" title="Frederick IV of Denmark">Frederick IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_VI_of_Denmark" title="Christian VI of Denmark">Christian VI</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark" title="Frederick V of Denmark">Frederick V</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_VII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VII of Denmark">Christian VII</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">Christian VIII</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VII of Denmark">Frederick VII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Gl%C3%BCcksburg" title="House of Glücksburg">Glücksburg</a></b><br />since 1863</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_IX_of_Denmark" title="Christian IX of Denmark">Christian IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VIII of Denmark">Frederick VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_X_of_Denmark" title="Christian X of Denmark">Christian X</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_IX" title="Frederik IX">Frederik IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margrethe_II" title="Margrethe II">Margrethe II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_X" title="Frederik X">Frederik X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicates Danish monarchs who were also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="List of Norwegian monarchs">monarchs of Norway</a>.</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_monarchs" title="List of English monarchs">monarch of England</a>.</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs" title="List of Swedish monarchs">monarch of Sweden</a>.</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Icelandic_monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Icelandic monarchs">monarch of Iceland</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Norway" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Norway" title="Template:Monarchs of Norway"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Norway" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Norway"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Norway" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Norway"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Norway" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="List of Norwegian monarchs">Monarchs of</a> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(872%E2%80%931397)" title="Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)">I. Independent Norway</a><br /><br /><small>Foreign and non-royal<br /> rulers in <i>italics</i>, disputed<br /> monarchs in brackets</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="872–1387" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">872–1387</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Fairhair" title="Harald Fairhair">Harald I Fairhair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Bloodaxe" title="Eric Bloodaxe">Eric I Bloodaxe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_the_Good" title="Haakon the Good">Haakon I the Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Greycloak" title="Harald Greycloak">Harald II Greycloak</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harald_Bluetooth" title="Harald Bluetooth">Harald Bluetooth</a></i> <sup><small>d</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Sigurdsson" title="Haakon Sigurdsson">Haakon Sigurdsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Tryggvason" title="Olaf Tryggvason">Olaf I Tryggvason</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Forkbeard" title="Sweyn Forkbeard">Sweyn Forkbeard</a></i> <sup><small>de</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Eir%C3%ADkr_H%C3%A1konarson" title="Eiríkr Hákonarson">Eiríkr Hákonarson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Sweyn_Haakonsson" title="Sweyn Haakonsson">Sweyn Haakonsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_II_of_Norway" title="Olaf II of Norway">Olaf II the Saint</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cnut" title="Cnut">Cnut</a></i> <sup><small>de</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Ericsson" title="Haakon Ericsson">Haakon Ericsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup> & <i><a href="/wiki/Svein_Knutsson" title="Svein Knutsson">Sweyn Knutsson</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup> (<i><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfgifu_of_Northampton" title="Ælfgifu of Northampton">Ælfgifu</a></i> <sup><small>r</small></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_the_Good" title="Magnus the Good">Magnus I the Good</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Hardrada" title="Harald Hardrada">Harald III Hardrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_II_of_Norway" title="Magnus II of Norway">Magnus II Haraldsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_III_of_Norway" title="Olaf III of Norway">Olaf III Kyrre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Toresfostre" title="Haakon Toresfostre">Haakon Toresfostre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Barefoot" title="Magnus Barefoot">Magnus III Barefoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_Magnusson_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Olav Magnusson of Norway">Olav Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eystein_I_of_Norway" title="Eystein I of Norway">Eystein I Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigurd_the_Crusader" title="Sigurd the Crusader">Sigurd I the Crusader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Gille" title="Harald Gille">Harald IV Gille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Sigurdsson" title="Magnus Sigurdsson">Magnus IV the Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigurd_II" title="Sigurd II">Sigurd II Munn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inge_Haraldsson" title="Inge Haraldsson">Inge I Haraldsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eystein_II_of_Norway" title="Eystein II of Norway">Eystein II Haraldsson</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Magnus_Haraldsson_(son_of_Harald_Gille)" title="Magnus Haraldsson (son of Harald Gille)">Magnus Haraldsson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_II" title="Haakon II">Haakon II Broadshoulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_V_of_Norway" title="Magnus V of Norway">Magnus V Erlingsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverre_of_Norway" title="Sverre of Norway">Sverre Sigurdsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_III_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Haakon III of Norway">Haakon III Sverresson</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Guttorm_of_Norway" title="Guttorm of Norway">Guttorm Sigurdsson</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inge_B%C3%A5rdsson" title="Inge Bårdsson">Inge II Bårdsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_IV" title="Haakon IV">Haakon IV Haakonsson</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Haakon_the_Young" title="Haakon the Young">Haakon the Young</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnus VI">Magnus VI the Law-mender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_II_of_Norway" title="Eric II of Norway">Eric II Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_V" title="Haakon V">Haakon V Magnusson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Eriksson" title="Magnus Eriksson">Magnus VII Ericsson</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_VI" title="Haakon VI">Haakon VI Magnusson</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_II_of_Denmark" title="Olaf II of Denmark">Olaf IV Haakonsson</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1387–1523" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1387–1523</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_I_of_Denmark" title="Margaret I of Denmark">Margaret</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric III</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Bavaria" title="Christopher of Bavaria">Christopher</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles I</a></i> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_I_of_Denmark" title="Christian I of Denmark">Christian I</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christian II</a> <sup><small>ds</small></sup></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1524–1814" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1524–1814</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">Frederick III</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Denmark" title="Frederick IV of Denmark">Frederick IV</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VI_of_Denmark" title="Christian VI of Denmark">Christian VI</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark" title="Frederick V of Denmark">Frederick V</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VII of Denmark">Christian VII</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI</a> <sup><small>d</small></sup></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Norway_(1814)" title="Kingdom of Norway (1814)">II. Independent Norway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1814" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1814</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">Christian Frederick</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway" title="Union between Sweden and Norway">Union with Sweden</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1814–1905" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">1814–1905</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIII" title="Charles XIII">Charles II</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Charles III John</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_I_of_Sweden" title="Oscar I of Sweden">Oscar I</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XV" title="Charles XV">Charles IV</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_II" title="Oscar II">Oscar II</a> <sup><small>s</small></sup></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">III. Independent Norway</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Since_1905" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size:80%; font-weight:normal;">Since 1905</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_VII" title="Haakon VII">Haakon VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olav_V" title="Olav V">Olav V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_V" title="Harald V">Harald V</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>r</small></sup></span> Regent</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>d</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_monarchs" title="List of Danish monarchs">Danish monarch</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>e</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_monarchs" title="List of English monarchs">English monarch</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>s</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs" title="List of Swedish monarchs">Swedish monarch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Sweden" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Sweden" title="Template:Monarchs of Sweden"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Sweden" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Sweden"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Sweden" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Sweden"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Sweden" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs" title="List of Swedish monarchs">Monarchs of Sweden</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Muns%C3%B6" title="House of Munsö">Munsö</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="c._970_–_c._1060" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 970 – c. 1060</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_the_Victorious" title="Eric the Victorious">Eric "VII"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Sk%C3%B6tkonung" title="Olof Skötkonung">Olof Skötkonung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anund_Jacob" title="Anund Jacob">Anund Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emund_the_Old" title="Emund the Old">Emund the Old</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Stenkil" title="House of Stenkil">Stenkil</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="c._1060_–_c._11301160–1161" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">c. 1060 – c. 1130<br />1160–1161</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stenkil" title="Stenkil">Stenkil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_and_Eric" title="Eric and Eric">Eric and Eric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halsten_Stenkilsson" title="Halsten Stenkilsson">Halsten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anund_G%C3%A5rdske" class="mw-redirect" title="Anund Gårdske">Anund Gårdske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A5kan_the_Red" title="Håkan the Red">Håkan the Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halsten_Stenkilsson" title="Halsten Stenkilsson">Halsten</a> / <a href="/wiki/Inge_the_Elder" title="Inge the Elder">Inge the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blot-Sweyn" title="Blot-Sweyn">Blot-Sweyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inge_the_Elder" title="Inge the Elder">Inge the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_of_Sweden" title="Philip of Sweden">Philip</a> / <a href="/wiki/Inge_the_Younger" title="Inge the Younger">Inge the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnvald_Knaph%C3%B6vde" title="Ragnvald Knaphövde">Ragnvald Knaphövde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_the_Strong" title="Magnus the Strong">Magnus I</a> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Estridsen" title="House of Estridsen">House of Estridsen</a>, <small>descendant of Inge the Elder</small>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Sverker" title="House of Sverker">Sverker</a> · <i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Eric" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Eric">Eric</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="c._1130_–_1250" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">c. 1130 – 1250</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sverker_the_Elder" title="Sverker the Elder">Sverker the Elder</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Erik" title="Saint Erik">Eric "IX" the Holy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Henriksson" title="Magnus Henriksson">Magnus II</a> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Estridsen" title="House of Estridsen">House of Estridsen</a>, <small>descendant of Inge the Elder</small>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Sverkersson" title="Karl Sverkersson">Charles VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kol_of_Sweden" title="Kol of Sweden">Kol</a> / <a href="/wiki/Boleslaw_of_Sweden" title="Boleslaw of Sweden">Boleslaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knut_Eriksson" title="Knut Eriksson">Knut Eriksson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverker_the_Younger" title="Sverker the Younger">Sverker the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Knutsson" title="Erik Knutsson">Eric "X"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="John I of Sweden">John I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erik_Eriksson" title="Erik Eriksson">Eric "XI"</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knut_L%C3%A5nge" title="Knut Långe">Knut Långe</a> <sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erik_Eriksson" title="Erik Eriksson">Eric "XI"</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bj%C3%A4lbo" title="House of Bjälbo">Bjälbo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1250–1364" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">1250–1364</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valdemar,_King_of_Sweden" title="Valdemar, King of Sweden">Valdemar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Ladul%C3%A5s" title="Magnus Ladulås">Magnus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birger,_King_of_Sweden" title="Birger, King of Sweden">Birger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Eriksson" title="Magnus Eriksson">Magnus IV</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_XII_of_Sweden" title="Eric XII of Sweden">Eric "XII"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Eriksson" title="Magnus Eriksson">Magnus IV</a> / <a href="/wiki/Haakon_VI_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Haakon VI of Norway">Haakon</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Mecklenburg" title="House of Mecklenburg">Mecklenburg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1364–1389" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">1364–1389</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert,_King_of_Sweden" title="Albert, King of Sweden">Albert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a> <div style="padding-top:0.5em; line-height:1.1em; font-size:80%;"><i>Italics</i> indicate<br />regents</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1389–1523" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">1389–1523</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_I_of_Denmark" title="Margaret I of Denmark">Margaret</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Estridsen" title="House of Estridsen">House of Estridsen</a>) / <a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric XIII</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Griffins" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Griffins">House of Griffins</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric XIII</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Griffins" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Griffins">House of Griffins</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles (VIII)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric XIII</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Griffins" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Griffins">House of Griffins</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles (VIII)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Bavaria" title="Christopher of Bavaria">Christopher of Bavaria</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">House of Wittelsbach</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bengt_J%C3%B6nsson_(Oxenstierna)" title="Bengt Jönsson (Oxenstierna)">Bengt Jönsson (Oxenstierna)</a></i> / <i><a href="/wiki/Nils_J%C3%B6nsson_(Oxenstierna)" title="Nils Jönsson (Oxenstierna)">Nils Jönsson (Oxenstierna)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles VIII</a><sup><small>2</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonde" title="House of Bonde">House of Bonde</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Bengtsson_Oxenstierna" title="Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna">Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna</a></i> / <i><a href="/wiki/Erik_Axelsson_Tott" title="Erik Axelsson Tott">Erik Axelsson Tott</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_I_of_Denmark" title="Christian I of Denmark">Christian I</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">House of Oldenburg</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kettil_Karlsson_(Vasa)" title="Kettil Karlsson (Vasa)">Kettil Karlsson (Vasa)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles VIII</a> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonde" title="House of Bonde">House of Bonde</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kettil_Karlsson_(Vasa)" title="Kettil Karlsson (Vasa)">Kettil Karlsson (Vasa)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Bengtsson_Oxenstierna" title="Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna">Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erik_Axelsson_Tott" title="Erik Axelsson Tott">Erik Axelsson Tott</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles VIII</a> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Bonde" title="House of Bonde">House of Bonde</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sten_Sture_the_Elder" title="Sten Sture the Elder">Sten Sture the Elder</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John II</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">House of Oldenburg</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sten_Sture_the_Elder" title="Sten Sture the Elder">Sten Sture the Elder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svante_Nilsson_(regent_of_Sweden)" title="Svante Nilsson (regent of Sweden)">Svante Nilsson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erik_Trolle" title="Erik Trolle">Erik Trolle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sten_Sture_the_Younger" title="Sten Sture the Younger">Sten Sture the Younger</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christian II</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">House of Oldenburg</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Vasa" title="Gustav Vasa">Gustav (I)</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Vasa" title="House of Vasa">Vasa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1523–1654" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">1523–1654</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Vasa" title="Gustav Vasa">Gustav I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_XIV_of_Sweden" title="Eric XIV of Sweden">Eric XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Sweden" title="John III of Sweden">John III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismund_III_Vasa" title="Sigismund III Vasa">Sigismund</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_Sweden" title="Charles IX of Sweden">Charles IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus" title="Gustavus Adolphus">Gustav II Adolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina,_Queen_of_Sweden" title="Christina, Queen of Sweden">Christina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Palatinate-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken">Palatinate-<br />Zweibrücken</a> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">Wittelsbach)</a><br /><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel">Hesse-Kassel</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1654–1751" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">1654–1751</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_Gustav" title="Charles X Gustav">Charles X Gustav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden" title="Charles XI of Sweden">Charles XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XII_of_Sweden" title="Charles XII of Sweden">Charles XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulrika_Eleonora_of_Sweden" title="Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden">Ulrika Eleonora</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Sweden" title="Frederick I of Sweden">Frederick I</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Holstein-Gottorp_(Swedish_line)" title="House of Holstein-Gottorp (Swedish line)">Holstein-Gottorp</a> (<a href="/wiki/House_of_Oldenburg" title="House of Oldenburg">Oldenburg</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1751–1818" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">1751–1818</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Frederick_of_Sweden" title="Adolf Frederick of Sweden">Adolf Frederick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_III" title="Gustav III">Gustav III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_IV_Adolf" title="Gustav IV Adolf">Gustav IV Adolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIII" title="Charles XIII">Charles XIII</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bernadotte" title="House of Bernadotte">Bernadotte</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="since_1818" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em;font-weight:normal;">since 1818</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XIV_John" title="Charles XIV John">Charles XIV John</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_I_of_Sweden" title="Oscar I of Sweden">Oscar I</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_XV" title="Charles XV">Charles XV</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_II" title="Oscar II">Oscar II</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_V" title="Gustaf V">Gustaf V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_VI_Adolf" title="Gustaf VI Adolf">Gustaf VI Adolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf" title="Carl XVI Gustaf">Carl XVI Gustaf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>1</small></sup></span> Lineage uncertain</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>2</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="List of Norwegian monarchs">Norwegian monarch</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>3</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs" title="List of Norwegian monarchs">Norwegian</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_monarchs" title="List of Danish monarchs">Danish monarch</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>4</small></sup></span> Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_monarchs" title="List of Polish monarchs">king of Poland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Iceland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Iceland" title="Template:Monarchs of Iceland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Iceland" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Iceland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Iceland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Iceland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Iceland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rulers of Iceland">Monarchs of Iceland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Possession of Norway</a> (1262–1814)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_IV" title="Haakon IV">Haakon IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_the_Lawmender" title="Magnus the Lawmender">Magnus VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_II_of_Norway" title="Eric II of Norway">Eric II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_V" title="Haakon V">Haakon V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Eriksson" title="Magnus Eriksson">Magnus VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_VI" title="Haakon VI">Haakon VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_II_of_Denmark" title="Olaf II of Denmark">Olaf IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_I_of_Denmark" title="Margaret I of Denmark">Margaret I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania" title="Eric of Pomerania">Eric III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_of_Bavaria" title="Christopher of Bavaria">Christopher I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Knutsson" title="Karl Knutsson">Charles I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_I_of_Denmark" title="Christian I of Denmark">Christian I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_King_of_Denmark" title="John, King of Denmark">John I</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christian II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Denmark" title="Frederick I of Denmark">Frederick I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Denmark" title="Frederick II of Denmark">Frederick II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">Frederick III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Denmark" title="Frederick IV of Denmark">Frederick IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VI_of_Denmark" title="Christian VI of Denmark">Christian VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark" title="Frederick V of Denmark">Frederick V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VII of Denmark">Christian VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Possession of Denmark</a> (1814–1918)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VI_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VI of Denmark">Frederick VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Christian VIII of Denmark">Christian VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VII of Denmark">Frederick VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_IX_of_Denmark" title="Christian IX of Denmark">Christian IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_VIII_of_Denmark" title="Frederick VIII of Denmark">Frederick VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_X_of_Denmark" title="Christian X of Denmark">Christian X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iceland" title="Kingdom of Iceland">Kingdom of Iceland</a> (1918–1944)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_X_of_Denmark" title="Christian X of Denmark">Kristján X (Christian X)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154460#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154460#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154460#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000061243138">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/42642695">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/169817/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdx44mfvtkw7xrrxHwXBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119195380">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85216320">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13327509p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13327509p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kristián"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola20241239731&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070400253">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90712511">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/gdsvw5q03bmvm3k">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810558969005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/131500">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007275220605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13930929">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/6044441e-48a8-4bc2-8730-843eaa85f7d6">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1460460">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119195380.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119195380">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/035658231">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&oldid=1259105000">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christian_II_of_Denmark&oldid=1259105000</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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