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diffuser</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: wedge diffuser"> <meta name="keywords" content="wedge diffuser"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="wedge diffuser" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="wedge diffuser"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 90</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: wedge diffuser</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Structure Interaction on Wedge Slamming Impact by Using Particle Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Chul%20Hwang">Sung-Chul Hwang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Di%20Ren"> Di Ren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Moon%20Yoon"> Sang-Moon Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Chun%20Park"> Jong-Chun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Khayyer"> Abbas Khayyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hitoshi%20Gotoh"> Hitoshi Gotoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The slamming impact problem has a very important engineering background. For seaplane landing, recycling for the satellite re-entry capsule, and the impact load of the bow in the adverse sea conditions, the slamming problem always plays the important role. Due to its strong nonlinear effect, however, it seems to be not easy to obtain the accurate simulation results. Combined with the strong interaction between the fluid field and the elastic structure, the difficulty for the simulation leads to a new level for challenging. This paper presents a fully Lagrangian coupled solver for simulations of fluid-structure interactions, which is based on the Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) method to solve the governing equations corresponding to incompressible flows as well as elastic structures. The developed solver is verified by reproducing the high velocity impact loads of deformable thin wedges with two different materials such as aluminum and steel on water entry. The present simulation results are compared with analytical solution derived using the hydrodynamic Wagner model and linear theory by Wan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid-structure%20interaction" title="fluid-structure interaction">fluid-structure interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moving%20particle%20semi-implicit%20%28MPS%29%20method" title=" moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method"> moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20structure" title=" elastic structure"> elastic structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incompressible%20flow" title=" incompressible flow"> incompressible flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedge%20slamming%20impact" title=" wedge slamming impact"> wedge slamming impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32919/numerical-simulation-of-fluid-structure-interaction-on-wedge-slamming-impact-by-using-particle-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Analysis of Slope in an Excavated Gneiss Rock Using Geological Strength Index (GSI) in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Agbalajobi">S. A. Agbalajobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20Bello"> W. A. Bello</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study carried out analysis on slope stability in an excavated gneiss rock using geological strength index (GSI) in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. A kinematic analysis of planar discontinuity sets in a gneiss deposit was carried out to ascertain the degree of slope stability. Discontinuity orientations in the rock mass were mapped using compass clinometers. The average result of physical and mechanical properties such as specific gravity, unit weight, uniaxial compressive strength, point load index, and Schmidt rebound value are 2.64 g/m3, 25.95 kN/m3, 156 MPa, 6.5 MPa, and 53.12 respectively. Also, a statistical model equation relating the rock strength was developed. The analyses states that the rock face is susceptible to wedge failures having all the geometrical conditions associated with the occurrence of such failures were noticeable. It can be concluded that analyses of discontinuity orientation in relation to cut face direction in rock excavation is essential for mine planning to forestall mine accidents. Assessment of excavated slope methods was evident that one excavation method (blasting and/or use of hydraulic hammer) is applicable for the given rock strength, the ease of excavation decreases as the rock mass quality increases, thus blasting most suitable for such operation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title="slope stability">slope stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedge%20failure" title=" wedge failure"> wedge failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geological%20strength%20index%20%28GSI%29" title=" geological strength index (GSI)"> geological strength index (GSI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discontinuities%20and%20excavated%20slope" title=" discontinuities and excavated slope"> discontinuities and excavated slope</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15096/analysis-of-slope-in-an-excavated-gneiss-rock-using-geological-strength-index-gsi-in-ilorin-kwara-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Understanding the Effect of Material and Deformation Conditions on the “Wear Mode Diagram”: A Numerical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mostaani">A. Mostaani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20P.%20Pereira"> M. P. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20F.%20Rolfe"> B. F. Rolfe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing application of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) in the automotive industry to fulfill crash requirements has introduced higher levels of wear in stamping dies and parts. Therefore, understanding wear behaviour in sheet metal forming is of great importance as it can help to reduce the high costs currently associated with tool wear. At the contact between the die and the sheet, the tips of hard tool asperities interact with the softer sheet material. Understanding the deformation that occurs during this interaction is important for our overall understanding of the wear mechanisms. For these reasons, the scratching of a perfectly plastic material by a rigid indenter has been widely examined in the literature; with finite element modelling (FEM) used in recent years to further understand the behaviour. The ‘wear mode diagram’ has been commonly used to classify the deformation regime of the soft work-piece during scratching, into three modes: ploughing, wedge formation, and cutting. This diagram, which is based on 2D slip line theory and upper bound method for perfectly plastic work-piece and rigid indenter, relates different wear modes to attack angle and interfacial strength. This diagram has been the basis for many wear studies and wear models to date. Additionally, it has been concluded that galling is most likely to occur during the wedge formation mode. However, there has been little analysis in the literature of how the material behaviour and deformation conditions associated with metal forming processes influence the wear behaviour. Therefore, the first aim of this work is first to use a commercial FEM package (Abaqus/Explicit) to build a 3D model to capture wear modes during scratching with indenters with different attack angles and different interfacial strengths. The second goal is to utilise the developed model to understand how wear modes might change in the presence of bulk deformation of the work-piece material as a result of the metal forming operation. Finally, the effect of the work-piece material properties, including strain hardening, will be examined to understand how these influence the wear modes and wear behaviour. The results show that both strain hardening and substrate deformation can change the critical attack angle at which the wedge formation regime is activated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pile-up" title=" pile-up"> pile-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scratch%20test" title=" scratch test"> scratch test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20mode" title=" wear mode"> wear mode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33712/understanding-the-effect-of-material-and-deformation-conditions-on-the-wear-mode-diagram-a-numerical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Effect of Volute Tongue Shape and Position on Performance of Turbo Machinery Compressor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuj%20Srivastava">Anuj Srivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuldeep%20Kumar"> Kuldeep Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a numerical study of volute tongue design, which affects the centrifugal compressor operating range and pressure recovery. Increased efficiency has been the traditional importance of compressor design. However, the increased operating range has become important in an age of ever-increasing productivity and energy costs in the turbomachinery industry. Efficiency and overall operating range are the two most important parameters studied to evaluate the aerodynamic performance of centrifugal compressor. Volute is one of the components that have significant effect on these two parameters. Choice of volute tongue geometry has major role in compressor performance, also affects performance map. The author evaluates the trade-off on using pull-back tongue geometry on centrifugal compressor performance. In present paper, three different tongue positions and shapes are discussed. These designs are compared in terms of pressure recovery coefficient, pressure loss coefficient, and stable operating range. The detailed flow structures for various volute geometries and pull back angle near tongue are studied extensively to explore the fluid behavior. The viscous Navier-Stokes equations are used to simulate the flow inside the volute. The numerical calculations are compared with thermodynamic 1-D calculations. Author concludes that the increment in compression ratio accompanies with more uniform pressure distribution in the modified tongue shape and location, a uniform static pressure around the circumferential which build a more uniform flow in the impeller and diffuser. Also, the blockage at the tongue of the volute was causing circumferentially nonuniformed pressure along the volute. This nonuniformity may lead impeller and diffuser to operate unstably. However, it is not the volute that directly controls the stall. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrifugal%20compressor%20volute" title="centrifugal compressor volute">centrifugal compressor volute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tongue%20geometry" title=" tongue geometry"> tongue geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pull-back" title=" pull-back"> pull-back</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressor%20performance" title=" compressor performance"> compressor performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20instability" title=" flow instability"> flow instability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105516/effect-of-volute-tongue-shape-and-position-on-performance-of-turbo-machinery-compressor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Geological and Geotechnical Approach for Stabilization of Cut-Slopes in Power House Area of Luhri HEP Stage-I (210 MW), India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20P.%20Bansal">S. P. Bansal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukesh%20Kumar%20Sharma"> Mukesh Kumar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankit%20Prabhakar"> Ankit Prabhakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Luhri Hydroelectric Project Stage-I (210 MW) is a run of the river type development with a dam toe surface powerhouse (122m long, 50.50m wide, and 65.50m high) on the right bank of river Satluj in Himachal Pradesh, India. The project is located in the inner lesser Himalaya between Dhauladhar Range in the south and higher Himalaya in the north in the seismically active region. At the project, the location river is confined within narrow V-shaped valleys with little or no flat areas close to the river bed. Nearly 120m high cut slopes behind the powerhouse are proposed from the powerhouse foundation level of 795m to ± 915m to accommodate the surface powerhouse. The stability of 120m high cut slopes is a prime concern for the reason of risk involved. The slopes behind the powerhouse will be excavated in mainly in augen gneiss, fresh to weathered in nature, and biotite rich at places. The foliation joints are favorable and dipping inside the hill. Two valleys dipping steeper joints will be encountered on the slopes, which can cause instability during excavation. Geological exploration plays a vital role in designing and optimization of cut slopes. SWEDGE software has been used to analyze the geometry and stability of surface wedges in cut slopes. The slopes behind powerhouse have been analyzed in three zones for stability analysis by providing a break in the continuity of cut slopes, which shall provide quite substantial relief for slope stabilization measure. Pseudo static analysis has been carried out for the stabilization of wedges. The results indicate that many large wedges are forming, which have a factor of safety less than 1. The stability measures (support system, bench width, slopes) have been planned so that no wedge failure may occur in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cut%20slopes" title="cut slopes">cut slopes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotechnical%20investigations" title=" geotechnical investigations"> geotechnical investigations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himalayan%20geology" title=" Himalayan geology"> Himalayan geology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20powerhouse" title=" surface powerhouse"> surface powerhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedge%20failure" title=" wedge failure"> wedge failure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116777/geological-and-geotechnical-approach-for-stabilization-of-cut-slopes-in-power-house-area-of-luhri-hep-stage-i-210-mw-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Study of the Uncertainty Behaviour for the Specific Total Enthalpy of the Hypersonic Plasma Wind Tunnel Scirocco at Italian Aerospace Research Center</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adolfo%20Martucci">Adolfo Martucci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iulian%20Mihai"> Iulian Mihai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By means of the expansion through a Conical Nozzle and the low pressure inside the Test Chamber, a large hypersonic stable flow takes place for a duration of up to 30 minutes. Downstream the Test Chamber, the diffuser has the function of reducing the flow velocity to subsonic values, and as a consequence, the temperature increases again. In order to cool down the flow, a heat exchanger is present at the end of the diffuser. The Vacuum System generates the necessary vacuum conditions for the correct hypersonic flow generation, and the DeNOx system, which follows the Vacuum System, reduces the nitrogen oxide concentrations created inside the plasma flow behind the limits imposed by Italian law. This very large, powerful, and complex facility allows researchers and engineers to reproduce entire re-entry trajectories of space vehicles into the atmosphere. One of the most important parameters for a hypersonic flowfield representative of re-entry conditions is the specific total enthalpy. This is the whole energy content of the fluid, and it represents how severe could be the conditions around a spacecraft re-entering from a space mission or, in our case, inside a hypersonic wind tunnel. It is possible to reach very high values of enthalpy (up to 45 MJ/kg) that, together with the large allowable size of the models, represent huge possibilities for making on-ground experiments regarding the atmospheric re-entry field. The maximum nozzle exit section diameter is 1950 mm, where values of Mach number very much higher than 1 can be reached. The specific total enthalpy is evaluated by means of a number of measurements, each of them concurring with its value and its uncertainty. The scope of the present paper is the evaluation of the sensibility of the uncertainty of the specific total enthalpy versus all the parameters and measurements involved. The sensors that, if improved, could give the highest advantages have so been individuated. Several simulations in Python with the METAS library and by means of Monte Carlo simulations are presented together with the obtained results and discussions about them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypersonic" title="hypersonic">hypersonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enthalpy" title=" enthalpy"> enthalpy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulations" title=" simulations"> simulations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172280/study-of-the-uncertainty-behaviour-for-the-specific-total-enthalpy-of-the-hypersonic-plasma-wind-tunnel-scirocco-at-italian-aerospace-research-center" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> The Effect of Subsurface Dam on Saltwater Intrusion in Heterogeneous Coastal Aquifers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antoifi%20Abdoulhalik">Antoifi Abdoulhalik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ahmed"> Ashraf Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Saltwater intrusion (SWI) in coastal aquifers has become a growing threat for many countries around the world. While various control measures have been suggested to mitigate SWI, the construction of subsurface physical barriers remains one of the most effective solutions for this problem. In this work, we used laboratory experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the effectiveness of subsurface dams in heterogeneous layered coastal aquifer with different layering patterns. Four different cases were investigated, including a homogeneous (case H), and three heterogeneous cases in which a low permeability (K) layer was set in the top part of the system (case LH), in the middle part of the system (case HLH) and the bottom part of the system (case HL). Automated image analysis technique was implemented to quantify the main SWI parameters under high spatial and temporal resolution. The method also provides transient salt concentration maps, allowing for the first time clear visualization of the spillage of saline water over the dam (advancing wedge condition) as well as the flushing of residual saline water from the freshwater area (receding wedge condition). The SEAWAT code was adopted for the numerical simulations. The results show that the presence of an overlying layer of low permeability enhanced the ability of the dam to retain the saline water. In such conditions, the rate of saline water spillage and inland extension may considerably be reduced. Conversely, the presence of an underlying low K layer led to a faster increase of saltwater volume on the seaward side of the wall, therefore considerably facilitating the spillage. The results showed that a complete removal of the residual saline water eventually occurred in all the investigated scenarios, with a rate of removal strongly affected by the hydraulic conductivity of the lower part of the aquifer. The data showed that the addition of the underlying low K layer in case HL caused the complete flushing to be almost twice longer than in the homogeneous scenario. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20coastal%20aquifers" title="heterogeneous coastal aquifers">heterogeneous coastal aquifers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laboratory%20experiments" title=" laboratory experiments"> laboratory experiments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20barriers" title=" physical barriers"> physical barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seawater%20intrusion%20control" title=" seawater intrusion control"> seawater intrusion control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69006/the-effect-of-subsurface-dam-on-saltwater-intrusion-in-heterogeneous-coastal-aquifers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Overtopping Protection Systems for Overflow Earth Dams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Pourabdollah">Omid Pourabdollah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Misaghian"> Mohsen Misaghian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Overtopping is known as one the most important reasons for the failure of earth dams. In some cases, it has resulted in heavy damages and losses. Therefore, enhancing the safety of earth dams against overtopping has received much attention in the past four decades. In this paper, at first, the overtopping phenomena and its destructive consequences will be introduced. Then, overtopping failure mechanism of embankments will be described. Finally, different types of protection systems for stabilization of earth dams against overtopping will be presented. These include timber cribs, riprap and gabions, reinforced earth, roller compacted concrete, and the precast concrete blocks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embankment%20dam" title="embankment dam">embankment dam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overtopping" title=" overtopping"> overtopping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roller%20compacted%20concrete" title=" roller compacted concrete"> roller compacted concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedge%20concrete%20block" title=" wedge concrete block"> wedge concrete block</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109537/overtopping-protection-systems-for-overflow-earth-dams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Variation of Stagnation Properties at Various Altitudes of an Klimov RD-33 Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Upamanyu%20Majumder">Upamanyu Majumder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angshuman%20Das"> Angshuman Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Klimov RD-33 is a turbofan jet engine for a lightweight fighter jet that is the primary engine for the Mikoyan MiG-29. Its production started in 1981. The RD-33 was the first afterburning turbofan engine produced by the Klimov Company of Russia in the 8,000 to 9,000 kilograms-force (78,000 to 88,000 N; 18,000 to 20,000 lbf) thrust class. It features a modular twin-shaft design with individual parts that can be replaced separately and has a good tolerance to the environment. The RD-33 is simple to maintain and retains good performance in challenging environments. In this paper the stagnation properties(pressure and temperature) at the intake diffuser, compressor and turbine sections of the RD-33 engine are calculated using the standard atmosphere conditions at different altitudes( take-off, 5000m, 10000m, 15000m, 20000m and 22500m). The results are plotted against altitude values using MS-Excel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Klimov%20RD-33%20engine" title="Klimov RD-33 engine">Klimov RD-33 engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stagnation%20properties" title=" stagnation properties"> stagnation properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=various%20altitudes" title=" various altitudes"> various altitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ms-excel" title=" ms-excel"> ms-excel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37620/variation-of-stagnation-properties-at-various-altitudes-of-an-klimov-rd-33-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Numerical Study of the Dynamic Behavior of an Air Conditioning with a Muti Confined Swirling Jet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Roudane">Mohamed Roudane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to know the dynamic behavior of a multi swirling jet used for air conditioning inside a room. To conduct this study, we designed a facility to ensure proper conditions of confinement in which we placed five air blowing devices with adjustable vanes, providing multiple swirling turbulent jets. The jets were issued in the same direction and the same spacing defined between them. This study concerned the numerical simulation of the dynamic mixing of confined swirling multi-jets, and examined the influence of important parameters of a swirl diffuser system on the dynamic performance characteristics. The CFD investigations are carried out by a hybrid mesh to discretize the computational domain. In this work, the simulations have been performed using the finite volume method and FLUENT solver, in which the standard k-ε RNG turbulence model was used for turbulence computations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title="simulation">simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20behavior" title=" dynamic behavior"> dynamic behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swirl" title=" swirl"> swirl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20jet" title=" turbulent jet"> turbulent jet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38034/numerical-study-of-the-dynamic-behavior-of-an-air-conditioning-with-a-muti-confined-swirling-jet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Aeration of Fish Pond Aquaculture Using Wind Power </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Hassan%20Mohamed%20Ahmed">Fatima Hassan Mohamed Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study discusses the possibility techniques of using wind energy to operate the aeration devices which are used in the intensive fish farm for Nile Tilapia. The main objective is to show at what expense this renewable energy source can increase the production. The study was done for the oxygen consumption by 1 kg fishes of tilapia put in 1 m3. The theoretical study shows that the fishes consume around 0.5 gO2/hour when using paddle wheels with average oxygen transfer rate 2.6 kgO2/kW.h comparing this with dissolved oxygen consumed by fishes it was found that 1 kW will aerate 5200 m3 and the same power will aerate 1800 m3 when using air diffuser system with average oxygen transfer rate 0.9 kgO2/kW.h, this power can be supplied by the wind turbine with dimension with a tower 6 m high and diameter 2.7 m. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aeration" title="aeration">aeration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20pond" title=" fish pond"> fish pond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind" title=" wind"> wind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power" title=" power"> power</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29828/aeration-of-fish-pond-aquaculture-using-wind-power" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">638</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> 3D-Printing of Waveguide Terminations: Effect of Material Shape and Structuring on Their Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Damaj">Lana Damaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincent%20Laur"> Vincent Laur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azar%20Maalouf"> Azar Maalouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexis%20Chevalier"> Alexis Chevalier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Matched termination is an important part of the passive waveguide components. It is typically used at the end of a waveguide transmission line to prevent reflections and improve signal quality. Waveguide terminations (loads) are commonly used in microwave and RF applications. In traditional microwave architectures, usually, waveguide termination consists of a standard rectangular waveguide made by a lossy resistive material, and ended by shorting metallic plate. These types of terminations are used, to dissipate the energy as heat. However, these terminations may increase the size and the weight of the overall system. New alternative solution consists in developing terminations based on 3D-printing of materials. Designing such terminations is very challenging since it should meet the requirements imposed by the system. These requirements include many parameters such as the absorption, the power handling capability in addition to the cost, the size and the weight that have to be minimized. 3D-printing is a shaping process that enables the production of complex geometries. It allows to find best compromise between requirements. In this paper, a comparison study has been made between different existing and new shapes of waveguide terminations. Indeed, 3D printing of absorbers makes it possible to study not only standard shapes (wedge, pyramid, tongue) but also more complex topologies such as exponential ones. These shapes have been designed and simulated using CST MWS®. The loads have been printed using the carbon-filled PolyLactic Acid, conductive PLA from ProtoPasta. Since the terminations has been characterized in the X-band (from 8GHz to 12GHz), the rectangular waveguide standard WR-90 has been selected. The classical wedge shape has been used as a reference. First, all loads have been simulated with the same length and two parameters have been compared: the absorption level (level of |S11|) and the dissipated power density. This study shows that the concave exponential pyramidal shape has the better absorption level and the convex exponential pyramidal shape has the better dissipated power density level. These two loads have been printed in order to measure their properties. A good agreement between the simulated and measured reflection coefficient has been obtained. Furthermore, a study of material structuring based on the honeycomb hexagonal structure has been investigated in order to vary the effective properties. In the final paper, the detailed methodology and the simulated and measured results will be presented in order to show how 3D-printing can allow controlling mass, weight, absorption level and power behaviour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title="additive manufacturing">additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20composite%20materials" title=" electromagnetic composite materials"> electromagnetic composite materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20measurements" title=" microwave measurements"> microwave measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20components" title=" passive components"> passive components</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20handling%20capacity%20%28PHC%29" title=" power handling capacity (PHC)"> power handling capacity (PHC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D-printing" title=" 3D-printing"> 3D-printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191309/3d-printing-of-waveguide-terminations-effect-of-material-shape-and-structuring-on-their-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Aerodynamic Designing of Supersonic Centrifugal Compressor Stages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Galerkin">Y. Galerkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rekstin"> A. Rekstin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Soldatova"> K. Soldatova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Universal modeling method well proven for industrial compressors was applied for design of the high flow rate supersonic stage. Results were checked by ANSYS CFX and NUMECA Fine Turbo calculations. The impeller appeared to be very effective at transonic flow velocities. Stator elements efficiency is acceptable at design Mach numbers too. Their loss coefficient versus inlet flow angle performances correlates well with Universal modeling prediction. The impeller demonstrated ability of satisfactory operation at design flow rate. Supersonic flow behavior in the impeller inducer at the shroud blade to blade surface Φdes deserves additional study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrifugal%20compressor%20stage" title="centrifugal compressor stage">centrifugal compressor stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20impeller" title=" supersonic impeller"> supersonic impeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inlet%20flow%20angle" title=" inlet flow angle"> inlet flow angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss%20coefficient" title=" loss coefficient"> loss coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=return%20channel" title=" return channel"> return channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock%20wave" title=" shock wave"> shock wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vane%20diffuser" title=" vane diffuser"> vane diffuser</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18034/aerodynamic-designing-of-supersonic-centrifugal-compressor-stages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> The Development of Micro Patterns Using Benchtop Lithography for Marine Antifouling Applications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felicia%20Wong%20Yen%20Myan">Felicia Wong Yen Myan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Walker"> James Walker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development of micro topographies usually begins with the fabrication of a master stamp. Fabrication of such small structures can be technically challenging and expensive. These techniques are often used for applications where patterns only cover a small surface area (e.g. semiconductors, microfluidic channels). This research investigated the use of benchtop lithography to fabricate patterns with average widths of 50 and 100 microns on silicon wafer substrates. Further development of this method will attempt to layer patterns to create hierarchical structures. Photomasks consisted of patterns printed onto transparency films with a high resolution printer and a fully patterned 10cm by 10cm area has been successfully developed. UV exposure was carried out with a self-made array of ultraviolet LEDs that was positioned a distance above a glass diffuser. Observations under a light microscope and SEM showed that developed patterns exhibit an adequate degree of fidelity with patterns from the master stamp. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithography" title="lithography">lithography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifouling" title=" antifouling"> antifouling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine" title=" marine"> marine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microtopography" title=" microtopography "> microtopography </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4376/the-development-of-micro-patterns-using-benchtop-lithography-for-marine-antifouling-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> A Case Study: Remediation of Abandoned Mines for Residential Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Issa%20S.%20Oweis">Issa S. Oweis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gary%20Gartenberg"> Gary Gartenberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luma%20J.%20Oweis"> Luma J. Oweis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The site for a residential apartment building overlies an abandoned iron mine in granitic gneiss in northern New Jersey. The mine stope is about 137 m (450 long) and dipping over 344m (800 feet) at 450 to 500. As the building footprint straddles, the mine site needed remediation. The remediation scheme consisted of compaction grouting a minimum 10 m (30 ft.) depth of the mine stope in rock to establish a buttress for the hanging wall and allow support of the building foundation. The rock strength parameters (friction and cohesion) were established based on Hoek Geologic Strength Index (GSI). The derived strength parameters were used in the wedge analysis to simulate rock cave-in. It was concluded that a cave-in would be unlikely. Verification holes confirmed the effectiveness of grouting. Although post grouting micro gravity survey depicted a few anomalies, no anomalies were found to exist by further drilling and excavation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grout" title="grout">grout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stope" title=" stope"> stope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock" title=" rock"> rock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=properties" title=" properties"> properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57720/a-case-study-remediation-of-abandoned-mines-for-residential-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> The Effect of Compensating Filter on Image Quality in Lateral Projection of Thoracolumbar Radiography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Arda%20Adrina%20Daud">Noor Arda Adrina Daud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Hanafi%20Ali"> Mohd Hanafi Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The compensating filter is placed between the patient and X-ray tube to compensate various density and thickness of human body. The main purpose of this project is to study the effect of compensating filter on image quality in lateral projection of thoracolumbar radiography. The study was performed by an X-ray unit where different thicknesses of aluminum were used as compensating filter. Specifically the relationship between thickness of aluminum, density and noise were evaluated. Results show different thickness of aluminum compensating filter improved the image quality of lateral projection thoracolumbar radiography. The compensating filter of 8.2 mm was considered as the optimal filter to compensate the thoracolumbar junction (T12-L1), 1 mm to compensate lumbar region and 5.9 mm to compensate thorax region. The aluminum wedge compensating filter was designed resulting in an acceptable image quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensating%20filter" title="compensating filter">compensating filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title=" aluminum"> aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20quality" title=" image quality"> image quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral" title=" lateral"> lateral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thoracolumbar" title=" thoracolumbar "> thoracolumbar </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6135/the-effect-of-compensating-filter-on-image-quality-in-lateral-projection-of-thoracolumbar-radiography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> CFD Modeling and Optimization of Gas Cyclone Separator for Performance Improvement </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Beit%20Saeid">N. Beit Saeid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cyclones are used in the field of air industrial gases pollution and control the pollution with centrifugal forces that is generated with spatial geometry of the cyclone. Their simple design, low capital and maintenance costs and adaptability to a wide range of operating conditions have made cyclones one of the most widely used industrial dust collectors. Their cost of operation is proportional to the fan energy required to overcome their pressure drop. Optimized geometry of outlet diffuser of the cyclones potentially could reduce exit pressure losses without affecting collection efficiency. Three rectangular outlets and a radial outlet with a variable opening had been analyzed on two cyclones. Pressure drop was investigated for inlet velocities from about 10 to 20 m s−1. The radial outlet reduced cyclone pressure drop by between 8.7 and 11.9 percent when its exit area was equal to the flow area of the cyclone vortex finder or gas exit. A simple payback based on avoided energy costs was estimated to be between 3600 and 5000 h, not including installation cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclone" title="cyclone">cyclone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34559/cfd-modeling-and-optimization-of-gas-cyclone-separator-for-performance-improvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Difference Expansion Based Reversible Data Hiding Scheme Using Edge Directions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshanlal%20Meenpal">Toshanlal Meenpal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankita%20Meenpal"> Ankita Meenpal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A very important technique in reversible data hiding field is Difference expansion. Secret message as well as the cover image may be completely recovered without any distortion after data extraction process due to reversibility feature. In general, in any difference expansion scheme embedding is performed by integer transform in the difference image acquired by grouping two neighboring pixel values. This paper proposes an improved reversible difference expansion embedding scheme. We mainly consider edge direction for embedding by modifying the difference of two neighboring pixels values. In general, the larger difference tends to bring a degraded stego image quality than the smaller difference. Image quality in the range of 0.5 to 3.7 dB in average is achieved by the proposed scheme, which is shown through the experimental results. However payload wise it achieves almost similar capacity in comparisons with previous method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20hiding" title="information hiding">information hiding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wedge%20direction" title=" wedge direction"> wedge direction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=difference%20expansion" title=" difference expansion"> difference expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integer%20transform" title=" integer transform"> integer transform</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18293/difference-expansion-based-reversible-data-hiding-scheme-using-edge-directions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Production Optimization through Ejector Installation at ESA Platform Offshore North West Java Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arii%20Bowo%20Yudhaprasetya">Arii Bowo Yudhaprasetya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ario%20Guritno"> Ario Guritno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agus%20Setiawan"> Agus Setiawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recky%20Tehupuring"> Recky Tehupuring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cosmas%20Supriatna"> Cosmas Supriatna </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The offshore facilities condition of Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore North West Java (PHE ONWJ) varies greatly from place to place, depending on the characteristics of the presently installed facilities. In some locations, such as ESA platform, gas trap is mainly caused by the occurrence of flash gas phenomenon which is known as mechanical-physical separation process of multiphase flow. Consequently, the presence of gas trap at main oil line would accumulate on certain areas result in a reduced oil stream throughout the pipeline. Any presence of discrete gaseous along continuous oil flow represents a unique flow condition under certain specific volume fraction and velocity field. From gas lift source, a benefit line is used as a motive flow for ejector which is designed to generate a syphon effect to minimize the gas trap phenomenon. Therefore, the ejector’s exhaust stream will flow to the designated point without interfering other systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffuser" title="diffuser">diffuser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ejector" title=" ejector"> ejector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow" title=" flow"> flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluent" title=" fluent"> fluent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38424/production-optimization-through-ejector-installation-at-esa-platform-offshore-north-west-java-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Generative Design of Acoustical Diffuser and Absorber Elements Using Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saqib%20Aziz">Saqib Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brad%20Alexander"> Brad Alexander</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christoph%20Gengnagel"> Christoph Gengnagel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Weinzierl"> Stefan Weinzierl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores a generative design, simulation, and optimization workflow for the integration of acoustical diffuser and/or absorber geometry with embedded coupled Helmholtz-resonators for full-scale 3D printed building components. Large-scale additive manufacturing in conjunction with algorithmic CAD design tools enables a vast amount of control when creating geometry. This is advantageous regarding the increasing demands of comfort standards for indoor spaces and the use of more resourceful and sustainable construction methods and materials. The presented methodology highlights these new technological advancements and offers a multimodal and integrative design solution with the potential for an immediate application in the AEC-Industry. In principle, the methodology can be applied to a wide range of structural elements that can be manufactured by additive manufacturing processes. The current paper focuses on a case study of an application for a biaxial load-bearing beam grillage made of reinforced concrete, which allows for a variety of applications through the combination of additive prefabricated semi-finished parts and in-situ concrete supplementation. The semi-prefabricated parts or formwork bodies form the basic framework of the supporting structure and at the same time have acoustic absorption and diffusion properties that are precisely acoustically programmed for the space underneath the structure. To this end, a hybrid validation strategy is being explored using a digital and cross-platform simulation environment, verified with physical prototyping. The iterative workflow starts with the generation of a parametric design model for the acoustical geometry using the algorithmic visual scripting editor Grasshopper3D inside the building information modeling (BIM) software Revit. Various geometric attributes (i.e., bottleneck and cavity dimensions) of the resonator are parameterized and fed to a numerical optimization algorithm which can modify the geometry with the goal of increasing absorption at resonance and increasing the bandwidth of the effective absorption range. Using Rhino.Inside and LiveLink for Revit, the generative model was imported directly into the Multiphysics simulation environment COMSOL. The geometry was further modified and prepared for simulation in a semi-automated process. The incident and scattered pressure fields were simulated from which the surface normal absorption coefficients were calculated. This reciprocal process was repeated to further optimize the geometric parameters. Subsequently the numerical models were compared to a set of 3D concrete printed physical twin models, which were tested in a .25 m x .25 m impedance tube. The empirical results served to improve the starting parameter settings of the initial numerical model. The geometry resulting from the numerical optimization was finally returned to grasshopper for further implementation in an interdisciplinary study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustical%20design" title="acoustical design">acoustical design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title=" additive manufacturing"> additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20design" title=" computational design"> computational design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20optimization" title=" multimodal optimization"> multimodal optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142873/generative-design-of-acoustical-diffuser-and-absorber-elements-using-large-scale-additive-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Shock Formation for Double Ramp Surface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Wajid%20Ali">Abdul Wajid Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Supersonic flight promises speed, but the design of the air inlet faces an obstacle: shock waves. They prevent air flow in the mixed compression ports, which reduces engine performance. Our research investigates this using supersonic wind tunnels and schlieren imaging to reveal the complex dance between shock waves and airflow. The findings show clear patterns of shock wave formation influenced by internal/external pressure surfaces. We looked at the boundary layer, the slow-moving air near the inlet walls, and its interaction with shock waves. In addition, the study emphasizes the dependence of the shock wave behaviour on the Mach number, which highlights the need for adaptive models. This knowledge is key to optimizing the combined compression inputs, paving the way for more powerful and efficient supersonic vehicles. Future engineers can use this knowledge to improve existing designs and explore innovative configurations for next-generation ultrasonic applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oblique%20shock%20formation" title="oblique shock formation">oblique shock formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer%20interaction" title=" boundary layer interaction"> boundary layer interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schlieren%20images" title=" schlieren images"> schlieren images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20wedge%20surface" title=" double wedge surface"> double wedge surface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184376/shock-formation-for-double-ramp-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Simulation of Internal Flow Field of Pitot-Tube Jet Pump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Noor">Iqra Noor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihtzaz%20Qamar"> Ihtzaz Qamar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pitot-tube Jet pump, single-stage pump with low flow rate and high head, consists of a radial impeller that feeds water to rotating cavity. Water then enters stationary pitot-tube collector (diffuser), which discharges to the outside. By means of ANSYS Fluent 15.0, the internal flow characteristics for Pitot-tube Jet pump with standard pitot and curved pitot are studied. Under design condition, realizable k-e turbulence model and SIMPLEC algorithm are used to calculate 3D flow field inside both pumps. The simulation results reveal that energy is imparted to the flow by impeller and inside the rotor, forced vortex type flow is observed. Total pressure decreases inside pitot-tube whereas static pressure increases. Changing pitot-tube from standard to curved shape results in minimum flow circulation inside pitot-tube and leads to a higher pump performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20circulation" title=" flow circulation"> flow circulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure%20pump" title=" high pressure pump"> high pressure pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impeller" title=" impeller"> impeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20flow" title=" internal flow"> internal flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pickup%20tube%20pump" title=" pickup tube pump"> pickup tube pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectangle%20channels" title=" rectangle channels"> rectangle channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20casing" title=" rotating casing"> rotating casing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118/simulation-of-internal-flow-field-of-pitot-tube-jet-pump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Effects of Thermal Radiation on Mixed Convection in a MHD Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet Using a Spectral Relaxation Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nageeb%20A.%20H.%20Haroun">Nageeb A. H. Haroun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabyasachi%20Mondal"> Sabyasachi Mondal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Precious%20Sibanda"> Precious Sibanda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effects of thermal radiation, Soret and Dufour parameters on mixed convection and nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet in the presence of a magnetic field are investigated. The flow is subject to temperature dependent viscosity and a chemical reaction parameter. It is assumed that the nanoparticle volume fraction at the wall may be actively controlled. The physical problem is modelled using systems of nonlinear differential equations which have been solved numerically using a spectral relaxation method. In addition to the discussion on heat and mass transfer processes, the velocity, nanoparticles volume fraction profiles as well as the skin friction coefficient are determined for different important physical parameters. A comparison of current findings with previously published results for some special cases of the problem shows an excellent agreement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-isothermal%20wedge" title="non-isothermal wedge">non-isothermal wedge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20radiation" title=" thermal radiation"> thermal radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid" title=" nanofluid"> nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soret%20and%20dufour%20effects" title=" soret and dufour effects"> soret and dufour effects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53060/effects-of-thermal-radiation-on-mixed-convection-in-a-mhd-nanofluid-flow-over-a-stretching-sheet-using-a-spectral-relaxation-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Turbulence Modeling of Source and Sink Flows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Israt%20Jahan%20Eshita">Israt Jahan Eshita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flows developed between two parallel disks have many engineering applications. Two types of non-swirling flows can be generated in such a domain. One is purely source flow in disc type domain (outward flow). Other is purely sink flow in disc type domain (inward flow). This situation often appears in some turbo machinery components such as air bearings, heat exchanger, radial diffuser, vortex gyroscope, disc valves, and viscosity meters. The main goal of this paper is to show the mesh convergence, because mesh convergence saves time, and economical to run and increase the efficiency of modeling for both sink and source flow. Then flow field is resolved using a very fine mesh near-wall, using enhanced wall treatment. After that we are going to compare this flow using standard k-epsilon, RNG k-epsilon turbulence models. Lastly compare some experimental data with numerical solution for sink flow. The good agreement of numerical solution with the experimental works validates the current modeling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20diameter" title="hydraulic diameter">hydraulic diameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-epsilon%20model" title=" k-epsilon model"> k-epsilon model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meshes%20convergence" title=" meshes convergence"> meshes convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reynolds%20number" title=" Reynolds number"> Reynolds number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RNG%20model" title=" RNG model"> RNG model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sink%20flow" title=" sink flow"> sink flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20flow" title=" source flow"> source flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wall%20y%2B" title=" wall y+"> wall y+</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9060/turbulence-modeling-of-source-and-sink-flows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">538</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> An Approach to Maximize the Influence Spread in the Social Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaye%20Ibrahima">Gaye Ibrahima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mendy%20Gervais"> Mendy Gervais</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seck%20Diaraf"> Seck Diaraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouya%20Samuel"> Ouya Samuel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the influence maximization in social networks. Here we give importance to initial diffuser called the seeds. The goal is to find efficiently a subset of k elements in the social network that will begin and maximize the information diffusion process. A new approach which treats the social network before to determine the seeds, is proposed. This treatment eliminates the information feedback toward a considered element as seed by extracting an acyclic spanning social network. At first, we propose two algorithm versions called SCG − algoritm (v1 and v2) (Spanning Connected Graphalgorithm). This algorithm takes as input data a connected social network directed or no. And finally, a generalization of the SCG − algoritm is proposed. It is called SG − algoritm (Spanning Graph-algorithm) and takes as input data any graph. These two algorithms are effective and have each one a polynomial complexity. To show the pertinence of our approach, two seeds set are determined and those given by our approach give a better results. The performances of this approach are very perceptible through the simulation carried out by the R software and the igraph package. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acyclic%20spanning%20graph" title="acyclic spanning graph">acyclic spanning graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrality%20measures" title=" centrality measures"> centrality measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20feedback" title=" information feedback"> information feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence%20maximization" title=" influence maximization"> influence maximization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network" title=" social network"> social network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44624/an-approach-to-maximize-the-influence-spread-in-the-social-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Theory of Gyrotron Amplifier in a Vane-Loaded Waveguide with Inner Dielectric Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reyhaneh%20Hashemi">Reyhaneh Hashemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahrooz%20Saviz"> Shahrooz Saviz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In his study, we have survey the theory of gyrotron amplifier in a vane-loaded waveguide with inner dielectric material. Dispersion relation for electromagnetic waves emitted by a cylindrical waveguide that provided with wedge-shaped metal vanes projecting radially inward from the wall of the guide and exited in the transverse-electric mode was analysed. From numerical analysis of this dispersion relation, it is shown that the stability behavior of the fast-wave mode is dependent of the dielectric constant. With a small axial momentum spreed, a super bandwidth is shown to be attainable by a mixed mode operation. Also, with the utilization from the numeric analysis of relation dispersion. We show that in the –speed mode, the constant is independent de-electric. With the ratio of dispersion of smell, high –bandwith was obtained for the combined mode. And at the end, we were comparing the result of our work (vane-loaded) by the waveguide with a smooth wall. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gyrotron%20amplifier" title="gyrotron amplifier">gyrotron amplifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waveguide" title=" waveguide"> waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vane-loaded%20waveguide" title=" vane-loaded waveguide"> vane-loaded waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20material" title=" dielectric material"> dielectric material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20relation" title=" dispersion relation"> dispersion relation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cylindrical%20waveguide" title=" cylindrical waveguide"> cylindrical waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast-wave%20mode" title=" fast-wave mode"> fast-wave mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20mode%20operation" title=" mixed mode operation"> mixed mode operation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151063/theory-of-gyrotron-amplifier-in-a-vane-loaded-waveguide-with-inner-dielectric-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Computational Analysis of Variation in Thrust of Oblique Detonation Ramjet Engine With Adaptive Inlet</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aditya">Aditya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ganapati%20Joshi"> Ganapati Joshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20Kumar"> Vinod Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> IN THE MODERN-WARFARE ERA, THE PRIME REQUIREMENT IS A HIGH SPEED AND MACH NUMBER. WHEN THE MISSILES STRIKE IN THE HYPERSONIC REGIME THE OPPONENT CAN DETECT IT WITH THE ANTI-DEFENSE SYSTEM BUT CAN NOT STOP IT FROM CAUSING DAMAGE. SO, TO ACHIEVE THE SPEEDS OF THIS LEVEL THERE ARE TWO ENGINES THAT ARE AVAILABLE WHICH CAN WORK IN THIS REGION ARE RAMJET AND SCRAMJET. THE PROBLEM WITH RAMJET STARTS TO OCCUR WHEN MACH NUMBER EXCEEDS 4 AS THE STATIC PRESSURE AT THE INLET BECOMES EQUAL TO THE EXIT PRESSURE. SO, SCRAMJET ENGINE DEALS WITH THIS PROBLEM AS IT NEARLY HAS THE SAME WORKING BUT HERE THE FLOW IS NOT MUCH SLOWED DOWN AS COMPARED TO RAMJET IN THE DIFFUSER BUT IT SUFFERS FROM THE PROBLEMS SUCH AS INLET BUZZ, THERMAL CHOCKING, MIXING OF FUEL AND OXIDIZER, THERMAL HEATING, AND MANY MORE. HERE THE NEW ENGINE IS DEVELOPED ON THE SAME PRINCIPLE AS THE SCRAMJET ENGINE BUT BURNING HAPPENS DUE TO DETONATION INSTEAD OF DEFLAGRATION. THE PROBLEM WITH THE ENGINE STARTS WHEN THE MACH NUMBER BECOMES VARIABLE AND THE INLET GEOMETRY IS FIXED AND THIS LEADS TO INLET SPILLAGE WHICH WILL AFFECT THE THRUST ADVERSELY. SO, HERE ADAPTIVE INLET IS MADE OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS WHICH WILL ENHANCE THE INLET MASS FLOW RATE AS WELL AS THRUST. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detonation" title="detonation">detonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ramjet%20engine" title=" ramjet engine"> ramjet engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20memory%20alloy" title=" shape memory alloy"> shape memory alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignition%20delay" title=" ignition delay"> ignition delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shock-boundary%20layer%20interaction" title=" shock-boundary layer interaction"> shock-boundary layer interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eddy%20dissipation" title=" eddy dissipation"> eddy dissipation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20nozzle" title=" asymmetric nozzle"> asymmetric nozzle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149070/computational-analysis-of-variation-in-thrust-of-oblique-detonation-ramjet-engine-with-adaptive-inlet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Nonlinear Defects and Discombinations in Anisotropic Solids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashkan%20Golgoon">Ashkan Golgoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Yavari"> Arash Yavari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present some analytical solutions for the stress fields of nonlinear anisotropic solids with line and point defects distributions. In particular, we determine the induced stress fields of a parallel cylindrically-symmetric distribution of screw dislocations in infinite orthotropic and monoclinic media as well as a cylindrically-symmetric distribution of parallel wedge disclinations in an infinite orthotropic medium. For a given distribution of edge dislocations, the material manifold is constructed using Cartan's moving frames and the stress field is obtained assuming that the medium is orthotropic. Also, we consider a spherically-symmetric distribution of point defects in a transversely isotropic spherical ball. We show that for an arbitrary incompressible transversely isotropic ball with the radial material preferred direction, a uniform point defect distribution results in a uniform hydrostatic stress field inside the spherical region the distribution is supported in. Finally, we find the stresses induced by a discombination in an orthotropic medium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defects" title="defects">defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disclinations" title=" disclinations"> disclinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dislocations" title=" dislocations"> dislocations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monoclinic%20solids" title=" monoclinic solids"> monoclinic solids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20elasticity" title=" nonlinear elasticity"> nonlinear elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthotropic%20solids" title=" orthotropic solids"> orthotropic solids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transversely%20isotropic%20solids" title=" transversely isotropic solids"> transversely isotropic solids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88905/nonlinear-defects-and-discombinations-in-anisotropic-solids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Groundwater Utilization and Sustainability: A Case Study of Pydibheemavaram Industrial Area, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Venkata%20Rao">G. Venkata Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Srinivasa%20Rao"> R. Srinivasa Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Neelima%20Sri%20Priya"> B. Neelima Sri Priya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The over extraction of groundwater from the coastal aquifers, result in reduction of groundwater resource and lowering of water level. In general, the depletion of groundwater level enhances the landward migration of saltwater wedge. Now a days the ground water extraction increases by year to year because increased population and industrialization. The ground water is the only source of irrigation, domestic and Industrial purposes at Pydibhimavaram industrial area, which is located in the coastal belt of Srikakulam district, India of Latitudes 18.145N 83.627E and Longitudes 18.099N 83.674E. The present study has been attempted to calculate amount of water getting recharged into this aquifer, status of rainfall pattern for the past two decades and the runoff is calculated by using Khosla’s formula with available rainfall and temperature in the study area. A decision support model has been developed on the basis of Monthly Extractions of the water from the ground through bore wells and the Net Recharge of the aquifer. It is concluded that the amount of extractions is exceeding the amount of recharge from May to October in a given year which will in turn damage the water balance in the subsurface layers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquifer" title="aquifer">aquifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support%20model" title=" decision support model"> decision support model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwater%20extraction" title=" groundwater extraction"> groundwater extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=run%20off%20estimation%20and%20rainfall" title=" run off estimation and rainfall"> run off estimation and rainfall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42655/groundwater-utilization-and-sustainability-a-case-study-of-pydibheemavaram-industrial-area-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Comparing UV-based and O₃-Based AOPs for Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Food Processing Digestate Sludge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Moradi">N. Moradi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20M.%20Lopez-Vazquez"> C. M. Lopez-Vazquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Garcia%20Hernandez"> H. Garcia Hernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Rubio%20Rincon"> F. Rubio Rincon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Brdanovic"> D. Brdanovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20van%20Loosdrecht"> Mark van Loosdrecht</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Advanced oxidation processes have been widely used for disinfection, removal of residual organic material, and for the removal of emerging contaminants from drinking water and wastewater. Yet, the application of these technologies to sludge treatment processes has not gained enough attention, mostly, considering the complexity of the sludge matrix. In this research, ozone and UV/H₂O₂ treatment were applied for the removal of emerging contaminants from a digestate supernatant. The removal of the following compounds was assessed:(i) salicylic acid (SA) (a surrogate of non-stradiol anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)), and (ii) sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfamethazine (SMN), and tetracycline (TCN) (the most frequent human and animal antibiotics). The ozone treatment was carried out in a plexiglass bubble column reactor with a capacity of 2.7 L; the system was equipped with a stirrer and a gas diffuser. The UV and UV/H₂O₂ treatments were done using a LED set-up (PearlLab beam device) dosing H₂O₂. In the ozone treatment evaluations, 95 % of the three antibiotics were removed during the first 20 min of exposure time, while an SA removal of 91 % occurred after 8 hours of exposure time. In the UV treatment evaluations, when adding the optimum dose of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂:COD molar ratio of 0.634), 36% of SA, 82% of TCN, and more than 90 % of both SMX and SMN were removed after 8 hours of exposure time. This study concluded that O₃ was more effective than UV/H₂O₂ in removing emerging contaminants from the digestate supernatant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digestate%20sludge" title="digestate sludge">digestate sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20contaminants" title=" emerging contaminants"> emerging contaminants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozone" title=" ozone"> ozone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV-AOP" title=" UV-AOP"> UV-AOP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149466/comparing-uv-based-and-o3-based-aops-for-removal-of-emerging-contaminants-from-food-processing-digestate-sludge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light 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