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id="toc-Composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orbits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orbits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Orbits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orbits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distances_and_scales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distances_and_scales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Distances and scales </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distances_and_scales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Habitability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Habitability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Habitability </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Habitability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_with_extrasolar_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_with_extrasolar_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Comparison with extrasolar systems </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_with_extrasolar_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Sun </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inner_Solar_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inner_Solar_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Inner Solar System </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Inner_Solar_System-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Inner Solar System subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Inner_Solar_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inner_planets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inner_planets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Inner planets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inner_planets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asteroids" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asteroids"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Asteroids </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asteroids-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asteroid_belt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asteroid_belt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Asteroid belt </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asteroid_belt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outer_Solar_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outer_Solar_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Outer Solar System </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Outer_Solar_System-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Outer Solar System subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Outer_Solar_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outer_planets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outer_planets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Outer planets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outer_planets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Centaurs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Centaurs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Centaurs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Centaurs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trans-Neptunian_region" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trans-Neptunian_region"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Trans-Neptunian region </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Trans-Neptunian_region-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Trans-Neptunian region subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Trans-Neptunian_region-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kuiper_belt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kuiper_belt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Kuiper belt </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kuiper_belt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scattered_disc" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scattered_disc"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Scattered disc </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scattered_disc-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extreme_trans-Neptunian_objects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extreme_trans-Neptunian_objects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Extreme trans-Neptunian objects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extreme_trans-Neptunian_objects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edge_of_the_heliosphere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edge_of_the_heliosphere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Edge of the heliosphere </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edge_of_the_heliosphere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscellaneous_populations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miscellaneous_populations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Miscellaneous populations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Miscellaneous_populations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Miscellaneous populations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Miscellaneous_populations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Comets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Comets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meteoroids,_meteors_and_dust" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meteoroids,_meteors_and_dust"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Meteoroids, meteors and dust </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meteoroids,_meteors_and_dust-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boundary_region_and_uncertainties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boundary_region_and_uncertainties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Boundary region and uncertainties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boundary_region_and_uncertainties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Celestial_neighborhood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celestial_neighborhood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Celestial neighborhood </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celestial_neighborhood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galactic_position" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galactic_position"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Galactic position </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galactic_position-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discovery_and_exploration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery_and_exploration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Discovery and exploration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discovery_and_exploration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Data_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.1 Data sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.2 Other sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Solar System</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 236 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-236" aria-hidden="true" > 236 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_mata_uroe" title="Sistem mata uroe – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Sistem mata uroe" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnestelsel" title="Sonnestelsel – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sonnestelsel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnensystem" title="Sonnensystem – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sonnensystem" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%B1%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D2%A5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Кӱнниҥ системазы – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Кӱнниҥ системазы" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Алтай тил</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8D%80%E1%88%90%E1%8B%AD_%E1%88%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%93%E1%89%B0_%E1%8D%88%E1%88%88%E1%8A%AD" title="የፀሐይ ሥርዓተ ፈለክ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የፀሐይ ሥርዓተ ፈለክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%A4iv%C3%A1%C5%A1kodde" title="Piäiváškodde – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Piäiváškodde" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="सौरमंडल – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सौरमंडल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnlicu_Endebyrdnes" title="Sunnlicu Endebyrdnes – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sunnlicu Endebyrdnes" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="المجموعة الشمسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المجموعة الشمسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solar" title="Sistema Solar – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sistema Solar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%B4%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Արեգակնային Դրութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Արեգակնային Դրութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemlu_solaru" title="Sistemlu solaru – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Sistemlu solaru" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8mo_sol%C3%A8ro" title="Sistèmo solèro – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Sistèmo solèro" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4" title="সৌৰজগত – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সৌৰজগত" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solar" title="Sistema Solar – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sistema Solar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="सौर मण्डल – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सौर मण्डल" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarahy_Ypykatu" title="Kuarahy Ypykatu – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuarahy Ypykatu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCn%C9%99%C5%9F_sistemi" title="Günəş sistemi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Günəş sistemi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B4_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C" title="گونش سیستمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="گونش سیستمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Surya" title="Tata Surya – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Tata Surya" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8E" title="সৌরজগৎ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সৌরজগৎ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Surya" title="Tata Surya – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Tata Surya" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0i-i%C3%B4ng-h%C4%93" title="Thài-iông-hē – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thài-iông-hē" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Surya" title="Tata Surya – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Tata Surya" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%88_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Ҡояш системаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡояш системаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сонечная сістэма – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сонечная сістэма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сонечная сыстэма – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сонечная сыстэма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="सौर मंडल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सौर मंडल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemang_Solar" title="Sistemang Solar – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sistemang Solar" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Слънчева система – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Слънчева система" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunsystem" title="Sunsystem – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Sunsystem" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ཉི་མའི་ཁྱིམ་རྒྱུད། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཉི་མའི་ཁྱིམ་རྒྱུད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sistem" title="Sunčev sistem – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sunčev sistem" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koskoriad_an_Heol" title="Koskoriad an Heol – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Koskoriad an Heol" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Наранай аймаг – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Наранай аймаг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solar" title="Sistema solar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sistema solar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%C4%95%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88_%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%C4%83%D0%BC%C4%95" title="Хĕвел тавраш тытăмĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хĕвел тавраш тытăмĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemang_Solar" title="Sistemang Solar – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sistemang Solar" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slune%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_soustava" title="Sluneční soustava – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sluneční soustava" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutandira_weZuva" title="Mutandira weZuva – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mutandira weZuva" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solare" title="Sistema solare – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Sistema solare" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysawd_yr_Haul" title="Cysawd yr Haul – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cysawd yr Haul" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Solsystemet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="النضام الشمسي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="النضام الشمسي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaivv%C3%A1%C5%A1goddi" title="Beaivvášgoddi – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Beaivvášgoddi" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnensystem" title="Sonnensystem – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sonnensystem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%88%DE%A9_%DE%82%DE%A8%DE%92%DE%A7%DE%89%DE%AA" title="އިރަވީ ނިޒާމު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އިރަވީ ނިޒާމު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="सौर्यमण्डल – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="सौर्यमण्डल" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4ikeses%C3%BCsteem" title="Päikesesüsteem – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Päikesesüsteem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%83%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Ηλιακό σύστημα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηλιακό σύστημα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A9ma_sul%C3%A0r" title="Sistéma sulàr – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Sistéma sulàr" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Чинь система – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чинь система" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solar" title="Sistema solar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sistema solar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunsistemo" title="Sunsistemo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sunsistemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solal" title="Sistema Solal – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sistema Solal" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eguzki-sistema" title="Eguzki-sistema – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eguzki-sistema" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="منظومه شمسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منظومه شمسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saur_mandal" title="Saur mandal – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Saur mandal" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3lskipanin" title="Sólskipanin – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sólskipanin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_solaire" title="Système solaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Système solaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinnestelsel" title="Sinnestelsel – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sinnestelsel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nju%C9%93%C9%93udi_naangeyankoori" title="Njuɓɓudi naangeyankoori – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Njuɓɓudi naangeyankoori" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisteme_sol%C3%A2r" title="Sisteme solâr – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sisteme solâr" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grianch%C3%B3ras" title="Grianchóras – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Grianchóras" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corys_ny_Greiney" title="Corys ny Greiney – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Corys ny Greiney" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Crios-Gr%C3%A8ine" title="An Crios-Grèine – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Crios-Grèine" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solar" title="Sistema solar – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sistema solar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Маьлха ков – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Маьлха ков" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" title="太陽系 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="太陽系" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8A%D9%85%D9%87" title="خۊري منظۊمه – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="خۊري منظۊمه" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%B3" title="સૂર્યમંડળ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સૂર્યમંડળ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai-y%C3%B2ng-hi" title="Thai-yòng-hi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thai-yòng-hi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%9C%EC%96%91%EA%B3%84" title="태양계 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="태양계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsarin_hasken_rana" title="Tsarin hasken rana – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tsarin hasken rana" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahua_o_n%C4%81_h%C5%8Dk%C5%AB" title="Kahua o nā hōkū – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kahua o nā hōkū" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Արեգակնային համակարգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արեգակնային համակարգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="सौर मण्डल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सौर मण्डल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sunčev sustav" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Surya" title="Tata Surya – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Tata Surya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunala_sistemo" title="Sunala sistemo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sunala sistemo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_a_Solar" title="Sistema a Solar – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sistema a Solar" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A4" title="সৌরজগত – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সৌরজগত" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Surya" title="Tata Surya – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tata Surya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systema_solar" title="Systema solar – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Systema solar" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solari_sistema" title="Solari sistema – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Solari sistema" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%C3%A6" title="Хуры системæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хуры системæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzungezohlelo_lweLanga" title="Uzungezohlelo lweLanga – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Uzungezohlelo lweLanga" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3lkerfi%C3%B0" title="Sólkerfið – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sólkerfið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solare" title="Sistema solare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sistema solare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%A9" title="מערכת השמש – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מערכת השמש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Surya" title="Tata Surya – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tata Surya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C9%A9s%C9%A9_cejewiye" title="Wɩsɩ cejewiye – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Wɩsɩ cejewiye" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B2" title="ಸೌರಮಂಡಲ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೌರಮಂಡಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemang_solar" title="Sistemang solar – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Sistemang solar" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8E%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Кюн система – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Кюн система" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="მზის სისტემა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მზის სისტემა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%96%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%88%D9%8F%D9%84" title="سيٖری منڈُل – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سيٖری منڈُل" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%82u%C5%84cowi_%C3%99st%C3%B4w" title="Słuńcowi Ùstôw – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Słuńcowi Ùstôw" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96" title="Күн жүйесі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Күн жүйесі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_howlek" title="System howlek – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="System howlek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mfumo_wa_Jua" title="Mfumo wa Jua – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mfumo wa Jua" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96_%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D3%A7%D1%81" title="Шонді ылдӧс – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Шонді ылдӧс" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8m_sol%C3%A8" title="Sistèm solè – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sistèm solè" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8m_sol%C3%A8r" title="Sistèm solèr – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Sistèm solèr" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergala_Roj%C3%AA" title="Pergala Rojê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pergala Rojê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Күн тутуму – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Күн тутуму" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_soler" title="Sistem soler – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Sistem soler" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B0" title="ລະບົບສຸລິຍະ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລະບົບສຸລິຍະ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systema_solare" title="Systema solare – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Systema solare" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saules_sist%C4%93ma" title="Saules sistēma – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Saules sistēma" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnesystem" title="Sonnesystem – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sonnesystem" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ракъинин система – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Ракъинин система" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saul%C4%97s_sistema" title="Saulės sistema – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Saulės sistema" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scistema_Sol%C3%A2re" title="Scistema Solâre – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Scistema Solâre" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonnest%C3%A8lsel" title="Zonnestèlsel – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zonnestèlsel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minz%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94_mwa_M%C3%B3i" title="Minzɔ́tɔ mwa Mói – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Minzɔ́tɔ mwa Mói" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_solal" title="Sistem solal – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sistem solal" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4iv%C3%A4zensistiemu" title="Päiväzensistiemu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Päiväzensistiemu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/solri_ciste" title="solri ciste – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="solri ciste" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solar" title="Sistema Solar – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sistema Solar" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naprendszer" title="Naprendszer – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Naprendszer" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="सौर्य परिवार – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="सौर्य परिवार" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Сончев Систем – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сончев Систем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafi-masoandro" title="Rafi-masoandro – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rafi-masoandro" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%82" title="സൗരയൂഥം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൗരയൂഥം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solari" title="Sistema Solari – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Sistema Solari" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="सूर्यमाला – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सूर्यमाला" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ბჟაშ სისტემა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბჟაშ სისტემა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%89" title="نظام شمسى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نظام شمسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87" title="خورشیدی منظومه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="خورشیدی منظومه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_Suria" title="Sistem Suria – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sistem Suria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1i-i%C3%B2ng-hi%C3%AA" title="Tái-iòng-hiê – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tái-iòng-hiê" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solar" title="Sistema Solar – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Sistema Solar" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Нарны аймаг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нарны аймаг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%A1%E1%80%96%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2%E1%80%B7%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="နေအဖွဲ့အစည်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နေအဖွဲ့အစည်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonatiuh_ichan" title="Tonatiuh ichan – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tonatiuh ichan" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sola_system" title="Sola system – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Sola system" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Naijá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivakarau_Solar" title="Ivakarau Solar – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Ivakarau Solar" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonnestelsel" title="Zonnestelsel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zonnestelsel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zunnesysteem" title="Zunnesysteem – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zunnesysteem" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="सौर्यमण्डल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सौर्यमण्डल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83" title="सुर्द्यः मन्दः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सुर्द्यः मन्दः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" title="太陽系 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="太陽系" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solare" title="Sistema solare – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Sistema solare" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%95%DF%9F%DF%8B%DF%AC_%DF%9E%DF%8A%DF%B2%DF%9E%DF%8B" title="ߕߟߋ߬ ߞߊ߲ߞߋ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߕߟߋ߬ ߞߊ߲ߞߋ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Маьлхан система – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Маьлхан система" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans%C3%BCsteem" title="Sansüsteem – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sansüsteem" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Solsystemet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Solsystemet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunal_sisteme" title="Sunal sisteme – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sunal sisteme" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8ma_Solar" title="Sistèma Solar – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sistèma Solar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8C%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%A4" title="ସୌର ଜଗତ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସୌର ଜଗତ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirna_Biiftuu" title="Sirna Biiftuu – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sirna Biiftuu" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quyosh_tizimi" title="Quyosh tizimi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Quyosh tizimi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਸੂਰਜ ਮੰਡਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੂਰਜ ਮੰਡਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="سورجی نظام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سورجی نظام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86%DA%89%D8%A7%D9%84" title="لمريز غونډال – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لمريز غونډال" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suola_Sistim" title="Suola Sistim – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suola Sistim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99" title="ប្រព័ន្ធព្រះអាទិត្យ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ប្រព័ន្ធព្រះអាទិត្យ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8me_sol%C3%A8re" title="Sistème solère – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Sistème solère" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solar" title="Sistema solar – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sistema solar" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCnnsystem" title="Sünnsystem – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sünnsystem" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_S%C5%82oneczny" title="Układ Słoneczny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Układ Słoneczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solar" title="Sistema Solar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema Solar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCne%C5%9F_sistemi" title="Küneş sistemi – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Küneş sistemi" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnesystem" title="Sunnesystem – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Sunnesystem" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemul_solar" title="Sistemul solar – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sistemul solar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kham-Sestemi" title="Kham-Sestemi – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Kham-Sestemi" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_solar" title="Sistem solar – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Sistem solar" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inti_Llikacha" title="Inti Llikacha – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Inti Llikacha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сонячна сістема – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Сонячна сістема" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Солнечная система – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Солнечная система" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Күн систиэмэтэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Күн систиэмэтэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="सूर्यमण्डलम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सूर्यमण्डलम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A7_%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9A_%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱮᱨ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱮᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="نظام شمسی – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="نظام شمسی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_solari" title="Sistema solari – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sistema solari" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_Seestem" title="Solar Seestem – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Solar Seestem" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnensystem" title="Sunnensystem – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sunnensystem" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemi_diellor" title="Sistemi diellor – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sistemi diellor" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_sulari" title="Sistema sulari – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sistema sulari" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9E%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="සෞරග්‍රහ මණ්ඩලය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සෞරග්‍රහ මණ්ඩලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Solar System" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%AA%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%8A%D9%84" title="آڪاش منڊل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آڪاش منڊل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slne%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_s%C3%BAstava" title="Slnečná sústava – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Slnečná sústava" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oson%C4%8Dje" title="Osončje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Osončje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%82%C5%AFneczny_Uk%C5%82od" title="Słůneczny Ukłod – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Słůneczny Ukłod" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahda_Qoraxdu_Midaysay" title="Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bahda Qoraxdu Midaysay" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AE%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="سیستمی خۆری – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیستمی خۆری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Сунчев систем – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сунчев систем" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sistem" title="Sunčev sistem – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sunčev sistem" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surya_Mandala" title="Surya Mandala – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Surya Mandala" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurinkokunta" title="Aurinkokunta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aurinkokunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solsystemet" title="Solsystemet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Solsystemet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemang_Solar" title="Sistemang Solar – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sistemang Solar" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சூரியக் குடும்பம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சூரியக் குடும்பம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angraw_anafuk" title="Angraw anafuk – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Angraw anafuk" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anagraw_afukan" title="Anagraw afukan – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Anagraw afukan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%88_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Кояш системасы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кояш системасы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%B0_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%82" title="సౌర కుటుంబం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సౌర కుటుంబం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Sol%C3%A1r" title="Sistema Solár – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Sistema Solár" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B0" title="ระบบสุริยะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ระบบสุริยะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D3%A3" title="Манзумаи офтобӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Манзумаи офтобӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famili_%CA%BBo_e_la%CA%BB%C4%81" title="Famili ʻo e laʻā – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Famili ʻo e laʻā" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%93_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%B4_%E1%8F%9A%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%95%E1%8F%AB%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%9B" title="ᏅᏓ ᎠᎴ ᏚᏓᏕᏫᏍᏛ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏅᏓ ᎠᎴ ᏚᏓᏕᏫᏍᏛ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B9" title="ಸೌರವ್ಯೂಹ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಸೌರವ್ಯೂಹ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCne%C5%9F_Sistemi" title="Güneş Sistemi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güneş Sistemi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCn_ulgamy" title="Gün ulgamy – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gün ulgamy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%CC%B1tem_Mam" title="Si̱tem Mam – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Si̱tem Mam" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Хүн системазы – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Хүн системазы" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Шунды система – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шунды система" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сонячна система – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сонячна система" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="نظام شمسی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نظام شمسی" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">The Sun and objects orbiting it</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Solar_System_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Solar System (disambiguation)">Solar System (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.15em;">Solar System</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_System_true_color.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Solar_System_true_color.jpg/290px-Solar_System_true_color.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Solar_System_true_color.jpg/435px-Solar_System_true_color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Solar_System_true_color.jpg/580px-Solar_System_true_color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a>without captions</div><div><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_System_true_color_(title_and_caption).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Solar_System_true_color_%28title_and_caption%29.jpg/290px-Solar_System_true_color_%28title_and_caption%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Solar_System_true_color_%28title_and_caption%29.jpg/435px-Solar_System_true_color_%28title_and_caption%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Solar_System_true_color_%28title_and_caption%29.jpg/580px-Solar_System_true_color_%28title_and_caption%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a>with captions</div></div><div class="infobox-caption"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; padding:2px 0 4px 0;">The <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Planets_of_the_solar_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Planets of the solar system">planets, moons and dwarf planets</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[a]</a> (true color, size to scale, distances not to scale)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Age</th><td class="infobox-data">4.568 billion years<a href="#cite_note-AgeSolarSystem-2">[b]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_Interstellar_Cloud" title="Local Interstellar Cloud">Local Interstellar Cloud</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Local_Bubble" title="Local Bubble">Local Bubble</a><a href="#cite_note-JPL_interstellar-3">[1]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Orion%E2%80%93Cygnus_Arm" class="mw-redirect" title="Orion–Cygnus Arm">Orion–Cygnus Arm</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[2]</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Nearest star</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri" title="Proxima Centauri">Proxima Centauri</a></li><li> (4.2465 <a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">ly</a>)<a href="#cite_note-lurie2014-5">[D 1]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Centauri" title="Alpha Centauri">Alpha Centauri</a></li><li> (4.36 ly)<a href="#cite_note-RECONS-6">[D 2]</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#efefef">Population</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Stars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Planets</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Known <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">dwarf planets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/List_of_possible_dwarf_planets" title="List of possible dwarf planets">more candidates...</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Known <a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">natural satellites</a></th><td class="infobox-data">758<a href="#cite_note-JPLbodies-7">[D 3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Known <a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">minor planets</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,368,528<a href="#cite_note-MPCSummary-8">[D 4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Known <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">comets</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4,591<a href="#cite_note-MPCSummary-8">[D 4]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#efefef">Planetary system</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Star spectral type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G2V</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Frost_line_(astrophysics)" title="Frost line (astrophysics)">Frost line</a></th><td class="infobox-data">~5 AU<a href="#cite_note-Mumma-12">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Semi-major_axis" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-major axis">Semi-major axis</a> of outermost planet</th><td class="infobox-data">30.07 AU<a href="#cite_note-Horizons-9">[D 5]</a> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_cliff" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiper cliff">Kuiper cliff</a></th><td class="infobox-data">50–70 AU<a href="#cite_note-twotino-10">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-KuiperGap-11">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Heliopause_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliopause (astronomy)">Heliopause</a></th><td class="infobox-data">detected at 120 AU<a href="#cite_note-heliopause-13">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Hill_sphere" title="Hill sphere">Hill sphere</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1.1 pc (230,000 AU)<a href="#cite_note-Chebotarev-14">[7]</a> – 0.865 pc (178,419 AU)<a href="#cite_note-15">[8]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#efefef">Orbit about <a href="/wiki/Galactic_Center" title="Galactic Center">Galactic Center</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Invariable_plane" title="Invariable plane">Invariable</a>-to-<a href="/wiki/Galactic_plane" title="Galactic plane">galactic plane</a> inclination</th><td class="infobox-data">~60°, to the ecliptic<a href="#cite_note-angle-16">[c]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Distance to Galactic Center</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">24,000–28,000 ly</div><a href="#cite_note-francis14-17">[9]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Orbital speed</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">720,000 km/h (450,000 mi/h)<a href="#cite_note-roughfactsofthesun-18">[10]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding:0.2em 0.5em 0 0.1em;line-height:1.2em;">Orbital period</th><td class="infobox-data">~230 <a href="/wiki/Million_year" class="mw-redirect" title="Million year">million years</a><a href="#cite_note-roughfactsofthesun-18">[10]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Solar System<a href="#cite_note-19">[d]</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Gravitationally_bound" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitationally bound">gravitationally bound</a> system of the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> and the objects that <a href="/wiki/Orbit" title="Orbit">orbit</a> it.<a href="#cite_note-IAU_Office_of_Astronomy_for_Education_y607-20">[11]</a> It <a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">formed about 4.6 billion years ago</a> when a dense region of a <a href="/wiki/Molecular_cloud" title="Molecular cloud">molecular cloud</a> collapsed, forming the Sun and a <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Protoplanetary disc">protoplanetary disc</a>. The Sun is a typical star that maintains a <a href="/wiki/Hydrostatic_equilibrium" title="Hydrostatic equilibrium">balanced equilibrium</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Thermonuclear_fusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermonuclear fusion">fusion</a> of hydrogen into helium at its <a href="/wiki/Stellar_core" title="Stellar core">core</a>, releasing this energy from its outer <a href="/wiki/Photosphere" title="Photosphere">photosphere</a>. Astronomers <a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">classify</a> it as a <a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G-type main-sequence star</a>. The largest objects that orbit the Sun are the eight <a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">planets</a>. In order from the Sun, they are four <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_planet" title="Terrestrial planet">terrestrial planets</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>); two <a href="/wiki/Gas_giant" title="Gas giant">gas giants</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>); and two <a href="/wiki/Ice_giant" title="Ice giant">ice giants</a> (<a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a>). All terrestrial planets have solid surfaces. Inversely, all <a href="/wiki/Giant_planets" class="mw-redirect" title="Giant planets">giant planets</a> do not have a definite surface, as they are mainly composed of gases and liquids. Over 99.86% of the Solar System's mass is in the Sun and nearly 90% of the remaining mass is in Jupiter and Saturn. There is a strong consensus among astronomers<a href="#cite_note-21">[e]</a> that the Solar System has at least nine <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">dwarf planets</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a>. There are a vast number of <a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_body" title="Small Solar System body">small Solar System bodies</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">comets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centaur_(minor_planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centaur (minor planet)">centaurs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">meteoroids</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloud" title="Interplanetary dust cloud">interplanetary dust clouds</a>. Some of these bodies are in the <a href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" title="Asteroid belt">asteroid belt</a> (between Mars's and Jupiter's orbit) and the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a> (just outside Neptune's orbit).<a href="#cite_note-22">[f]</a> Six planets, seven dwarf planets, and other bodies have orbiting <a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">natural satellites</a>, which are commonly called 'moons'. The Solar System is constantly flooded by the Sun's <a href="/wiki/Charged_particle" title="Charged particle">charged particles</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a>, forming the <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a>. Around 75–90 <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">astronomical units</a> from the Sun,<a href="#cite_note-24">[g]</a> the solar wind is halted, resulting in the <a href="/wiki/Heliopause_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliopause (astronomy)">heliopause</a>. This is the boundary of the Solar System to <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_space" class="mw-redirect" title="Interstellar space">interstellar space</a>. The outermost region of the Solar System is the theorized <a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a>, the source for <a href="/wiki/Long-period_comet" class="mw-redirect" title="Long-period comet">long-period comets</a>, extending to a radius of 2,000–200,000 AU. The closest star to the Solar System, <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri" title="Proxima Centauri">Proxima Centauri</a>, is 4.25 light-years (269,000 AU) away. Both stars belong to the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> galaxy. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formation_and_evolution">Formation and evolution</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">Formation and evolution of the Solar System</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Past">Past</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soot-line1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Soot-line1.jpg/300px-Soot-line1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Soot-line1.jpg/450px-Soot-line1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Soot-line1.jpg/600px-Soot-line1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1960" data-file-height="1304" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of the early Solar System's <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disk" title="Protoplanetary disk">protoplanetary disk</a>, out of which Earth and other Solar System bodies formed</figcaption></figure> The Solar System formed at least 4.568 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a region within a large <a href="/wiki/Molecular_cloud" title="Molecular cloud">molecular cloud</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AgeSolarSystem-2">[b]</a> This initial cloud was likely several light-years across and probably birthed several stars.<a href="#cite_note-Arizona-26">[14]</a> As is typical of molecular clouds, this one consisted mostly of hydrogen, with some helium, and small amounts of heavier elements <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fusion" title="Nuclear fusion">fused</a> by previous generations of stars.<a href="#cite_note-:3-27">[15]</a> As the <a href="/wiki/Solar_nebula" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar nebula">pre-solar nebula</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-27">[15]</a> collapsed, <a href="/wiki/Conservation_of_angular_momentum" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation of angular momentum">conservation of angular momentum</a> caused it to rotate faster. The center, where most of the mass collected, became increasingly hotter than the surroundings.<a href="#cite_note-Arizona-26">[14]</a> As the contracting nebula spun faster, it began to flatten into a <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Protoplanetary disc">protoplanetary disc</a> with a diameter of roughly 200 AU<a href="#cite_note-Arizona-26">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[16]</a> and a hot, dense <a href="/wiki/Protostar" title="Protostar">protostar</a> at the center.<a href="#cite_note-29">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[18]</a> The planets formed by <a href="/wiki/Accretion_(astrophysics)" title="Accretion (astrophysics)">accretion</a> from this disc,<a href="#cite_note-31">[19]</a> in which dust and gas gravitationally attracted each other, coalescing to form ever larger bodies. Hundreds of protoplanets may have existed in the early Solar System, but they either merged or were destroyed or ejected, leaving the planets, dwarf planets, and leftover <a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_body" title="Small Solar System body">minor bodies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bennett_8.2-32">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[21]</a> Due to their higher boiling points, only metals and silicates could exist in solid form in the warm inner Solar System close to the Sun (within the <a href="/wiki/Frost_line_(astrophysics)" title="Frost line (astrophysics)">frost line</a>). They would eventually form the rocky planets of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. Because these <a href="/wiki/Refractory_(planetary_science)" title="Refractory (planetary science)">refractory</a> materials only comprised a small fraction of the solar nebula, the terrestrial planets could not grow very large.<a href="#cite_note-bennett_8.2-32">[20]</a> The giant planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) formed further out, beyond the frost line, the point between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter where material is cool enough for <a href="/wiki/Volatile_(astrogeology)" title="Volatile (astrogeology)">volatile</a> icy compounds to remain solid. The ices that formed these planets were more plentiful than the metals and silicates that formed the terrestrial inner planets, allowing them to grow massive enough to capture large atmospheres of hydrogen and helium, the lightest and most abundant elements.<a href="#cite_note-bennett_8.2-32">[20]</a> Leftover debris that never became planets congregated in regions such as the asteroid belt, Kuiper belt, and Oort cloud.<a href="#cite_note-bennett_8.2-32">[20]</a> Within 50 million years, the pressure and density of hydrogen in the center of the protostar became great enough for it to begin <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fusion" title="Nuclear fusion">thermonuclear fusion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Yi2001-34">[22]</a> As helium accumulates at its core, the Sun is growing brighter;<a href="#cite_note-:4-35">[23]</a> early in its main-sequence life its brightness was 70% that of what it is today.<a href="#cite_note-36">[24]</a> The temperature, <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_reaction_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear reaction rate">reaction rate</a>, pressure, and density increased until <a href="/wiki/Hydrostatic_equilibrium" title="Hydrostatic equilibrium">hydrostatic equilibrium</a> was achieved: the thermal pressure counterbalancing the force of gravity. At this point, the Sun became a <a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">main-sequence</a> star.<a href="#cite_note-37">[25]</a> Solar wind from the Sun created the <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a> and swept away the remaining gas and dust from the protoplanetary disc into interstellar space.<a href="#cite_note-:4-35">[23]</a> Following the dissipation of the <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disk" title="Protoplanetary disk">protoplanetary disk</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nice_model" title="Nice model">Nice model</a> proposes that <a href="/wiki/Gravity_assist" title="Gravity assist">gravitational encounters</a> between planetisimals and the gas giants caused each to <a href="/wiki/Planetary_migration" title="Planetary migration">migrate</a> into different orbits. This led to dynamical instability of the entire system, which scattered the planetisimals and ultimately placed the gas giants in their current positions. During this period, the <a href="/wiki/Grand_tack_hypothesis" title="Grand tack hypothesis">grand tack hypothesis</a> suggests that a final inward migration of Jupiter dispersed much of the asteroid belt, leading to the <a href="/wiki/Late_Heavy_Bombardment" title="Late Heavy Bombardment">Late Heavy Bombardment</a> of the inner planets.<a href="#cite_note-38">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Present_and_future">Present and future</h3></div> The Solar System remains in a relatively stable, slowly evolving state by following isolated, <a href="/wiki/Gravitationally_bound" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitationally bound">gravitationally bound</a> orbits around the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-40">[28]</a> Although the Solar System has been fairly stable for billions of years, it is technically <a href="/wiki/Chaotic_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaotic system">chaotic</a>, and may <a href="/wiki/Stability_of_the_Solar_System" title="Stability of the Solar System">eventually be disrupted</a>. There is a small chance that another star will pass through the Solar System in the next few billion years. Although this could destabilize the system and eventually lead millions of years later to expulsion of planets, collisions of planets, or planets hitting the Sun, it would most likely leave the Solar System much as it is today.<a href="#cite_note-41">[29]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sun_red_giant.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sun_red_giant.svg/220px-Sun_red_giant.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sun_red_giant.svg/330px-Sun_red_giant.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Sun_red_giant.svg/440px-Sun_red_giant.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption>The current Sun compared to its peak size in the red-giant phase</figcaption></figure> The Sun's main-sequence phase, from beginning to end, will last about 10 billion years for the Sun compared to around two billion years for all other subsequent phases of the Sun's pre-<a href="/wiki/Stellar_remnant" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellar remnant">remnant</a> life combined.<a href="#cite_note-mnras386_1-42">[30]</a> The Solar System will remain roughly as it is known today until the hydrogen in the core of the Sun has been entirely converted to helium, which will occur roughly 5 billion years from now. This will mark the end of the Sun's main-sequence life. At that time, the core of the Sun will contract with hydrogen fusion occurring along a shell surrounding the inert helium, and the energy output will be greater than at present. The outer layers of the Sun will expand to roughly 260 times its current diameter, and the Sun will become a <a href="/wiki/Red_giant" title="Red giant">red giant</a>. Because of its increased surface area, the surface of the Sun will be cooler (2,600 K (4,220 °F) at its coolest) than it is on the main sequence.<a href="#cite_note-mnras386_1-42">[30]</a> The expanding Sun is expected to vaporize Mercury as well as Venus, and render Earth and Mars uninhabitable (possibly destroying Earth as well).<a href="#cite_note-43">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[32]</a> Eventually, the core will be hot enough for helium fusion; the Sun will burn helium for a fraction of the time it burned hydrogen in the core. The Sun is not massive enough to commence the fusion of heavier elements, and nuclear reactions in the core will dwindle. Its outer layers will be ejected into space, leaving behind a dense <a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">white dwarf</a>, half the original mass of the Sun but only the size of Earth.<a href="#cite_note-mnras386_1-42">[30]</a> The ejected outer layers may form a <a href="/wiki/Planetary_nebula" title="Planetary nebula">planetary nebula</a>, returning some of the material that formed the Sun—but now enriched with <a href="/wiki/Metallicity" title="Metallicity">heavier elements</a> like carbon—to the <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">interstellar medium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_characteristics">General characteristics</h2></div> Astronomers sometimes divide the Solar System structure into separate regions. The <a href="/wiki/Inner_Solar_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner Solar System">inner Solar System</a> includes Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and the bodies in the <a href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" title="Asteroid belt">asteroid belt</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Outer_Solar_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Outer Solar System">outer Solar System</a> includes Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and the bodies in the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[35]</a> Since the discovery of the Kuiper belt, the outermost parts of the Solar System are considered a distinct region consisting of <a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">the objects beyond Neptune</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composition">Composition</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_objects" title="List of Solar System objects">List of Solar System objects</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules</a></div> The principal component of the Solar System is the Sun, a <a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G-type main-sequence star</a> that contains 99.86% of the system's known mass and dominates it gravitationally.<a href="#cite_note-49">[37]</a> The Sun's four largest orbiting bodies, the giant planets, account for 99% of the remaining mass, with Jupiter and Saturn together comprising more than 90%. The remaining objects of the Solar System (including the four terrestrial planets, the dwarf planets, moons, <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroids</a>, and comets) together comprise less than 0.002% of the Solar System's total mass.<a href="#cite_note-footnoteD-53">[h]</a> The Sun is composed of roughly 98% hydrogen and helium,<a href="#cite_note-54">[41]</a> as are Jupiter and Saturn.<a href="#cite_note-55">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-Williams-Jupiter-56">[43]</a> A composition gradient exists in the Solar System, created by heat and <a href="/wiki/Light_pressure" class="mw-redirect" title="Light pressure">light pressure</a> from the early Sun; those objects closer to the Sun, which are more affected by heat and light pressure, are composed of elements with high melting points. Objects farther from the Sun are composed largely of materials with lower melting points.<a href="#cite_note-57">[44]</a> The boundary in the Solar System beyond which those volatile substances could coalesce is known as the <a href="/wiki/Frost_line_(astrophysics)" title="Frost line (astrophysics)">frost line</a>, and it lies at roughly five times the Earth's distance from the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-Mumma-12">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orbits">Orbits</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_system_orrery_inner_planets.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Solar_system_orrery_inner_planets.gif/220px-Solar_system_orrery_inner_planets.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Solar_system_orrery_inner_planets.gif/330px-Solar_system_orrery_inner_planets.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Solar_system_orrery_inner_planets.gif/440px-Solar_system_orrery_inner_planets.gif 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Animations of the Solar System's <a href="/wiki/Inner_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Inner planet">inner planets</a> orbiting. Each frame represents 2 days of motion.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_system_orrery_outer_planets.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Solar_system_orrery_outer_planets.gif/220px-Solar_system_orrery_outer_planets.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Solar_system_orrery_outer_planets.gif/330px-Solar_system_orrery_outer_planets.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Solar_system_orrery_outer_planets.gif/440px-Solar_system_orrery_outer_planets.gif 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Animations of the Solar System's <a href="/wiki/Outer_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Outer planet">outer planets</a> orbiting. This animation is 100 times faster than the inner planet animation.</figcaption></figure> The planets and other large objects in orbit around the Sun lie near the plane of Earth's orbit, known as the <a href="/wiki/Ecliptic" title="Ecliptic">ecliptic</a>. Smaller icy objects such as comets frequently orbit at significantly greater angles to this plane.<a href="#cite_note-Levison2003-58">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[46]</a> Most of the planets in the Solar System have secondary systems of their own, being orbited by natural satellites called moons. All of the largest natural satellites are in <a href="/wiki/Synchronous_rotation" class="mw-redirect" title="Synchronous rotation">synchronous rotation</a>, with one face permanently turned toward their parent. The four giant planets have planetary rings, thin discs of tiny particles that orbit them in unison.<a href="#cite_note-bennett_4.5-60">[47]</a> As a result of the <a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">formation of the Solar System</a>, planets and most other objects orbit the Sun in the same direction that the Sun is rotating. That is, counter-clockwise, as viewed from above Earth's north pole.<a href="#cite_note-61">[48]</a> There are exceptions, such as <a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley's Comet">Halley's Comet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[49]</a> Most of the larger moons orbit their planets in <a href="/wiki/Retrograde_and_prograde_motion" title="Retrograde and prograde motion">prograde</a> direction, matching the direction of planetary rotation; Neptune's moon <a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a> is the largest to orbit in the opposite, retrograde manner.<a href="#cite_note-63">[50]</a> Most larger objects rotate around their own axes in the prograde direction relative to their orbit, though the rotation of Venus is retrograde.<a href="#cite_note-64">[51]</a> To a good first approximation, <a href="/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion" title="Kepler's laws of planetary motion">Kepler's laws of planetary motion</a> describe the orbits of objects around the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-:0-65">[52]</a>: 433–437  These laws stipulate that each object travels along an <a href="/wiki/Ellipse" title="Ellipse">ellipse</a> with the Sun at one <a href="/wiki/Focus_(geometry)" title="Focus (geometry)">focus</a>, which causes the body's distance from the Sun to vary over the course of its year. A body's closest approach to the Sun is called its <a href="/wiki/Perihelion" class="mw-redirect" title="Perihelion">perihelion</a>, whereas its most distant point from the Sun is called its <a href="/wiki/Aphelion" class="mw-redirect" title="Aphelion">aphelion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:8-66">[53]</a>: 9-6  With the exception of Mercury, the orbits of the planets are nearly circular, but many comets, asteroids, and Kuiper belt objects follow highly elliptical orbits. Kepler's laws only account for the influence of the Sun's gravity upon an orbiting body, not the gravitational pulls of different bodies upon each other. On a human time scale, these perturbations can be accounted for using <a href="/wiki/Numerical_model_of_the_Solar_System" title="Numerical model of the Solar System">numerical models</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:8-66">[53]</a>: 9-6  but the planetary system can change chaotically over billions of years.<a href="#cite_note-67">[54]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Angular_momentum" title="Angular momentum">angular momentum</a> of the Solar System is a measure of the total amount of orbital and <a href="/wiki/Rotational_momentum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotational momentum">rotational momentum</a> possessed by all its moving components.<a href="#cite_note-68">[55]</a> Although the Sun dominates the system by mass, it accounts for only about 2% of the angular momentum.<a href="#cite_note-Marochnik1995-69">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[57]</a> The planets, dominated by Jupiter, account for most of the rest of the angular momentum due to the combination of their mass, orbit, and distance from the Sun, with a possibly significant contribution from comets.<a href="#cite_note-Marochnik1995-69">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distances_and_scales">Distances and scales</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg/550px-Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="550" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg/825px-Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg/1100px-Solar_System_distance_to_scale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1169" data-file-height="106" /></a><figcaption>To-scale diagram of distance between planets, with the white bar showing orbital variations. The size of the planets is not to scale.</figcaption></figure> The radius of the Sun is 0.0047 AU (700,000 km; 400,000 mi).<a href="#cite_note-arxiv1203_4898-71">[58]</a> Thus, the Sun occupies 0.00001% (1 part in 107) of the volume of a sphere with a radius the size of Earth's orbit, whereas Earth's volume is roughly 1 millionth (10−6) that of the Sun. Jupiter, the largest planet, is 5.2 AU from the Sun and has a radius of 71,000 km (0.00047 AU; 44,000 mi), whereas the most distant planet, Neptune, is 30 AU from the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-Williams-Jupiter-56">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[59]</a> With a few exceptions, the farther a planet or belt is from the Sun, the larger the distance between its orbit and the orbit of the next nearest object to the Sun. For example, Venus is approximately 0.33 AU farther out from the Sun than Mercury, whereas Saturn is 4.3 AU out from Jupiter, and Neptune lies 10.5 AU out from Uranus. Attempts have been made to determine a relationship between these orbital distances, like the <a href="/wiki/Titius%E2%80%93Bode_law" title="Titius–Bode law">Titius–Bode law</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[60]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mysterium_Cosmographicum" title="Mysterium Cosmographicum">Johannes Kepler's model</a> based on the <a href="/wiki/Platonic_solid" title="Platonic solid">Platonic solids</a>,<a href="#cite_note-74">[61]</a> but ongoing discoveries have invalidated these hypotheses.<a href="#cite_note-Boss-75">[62]</a> Some <a href="/wiki/Solar_System_model" title="Solar System model">Solar System models</a> attempt to convey the relative scales involved in the Solar System in human terms. Some are small in scale (and may be mechanical—called <a href="/wiki/Orrery" title="Orrery">orreries</a>)—whereas others extend across cities or regional areas.<a href="#cite_note-76">[63]</a> The largest such scale model, the <a href="/wiki/Sweden_Solar_System" title="Sweden Solar System">Sweden Solar System</a>, uses the 110-meter (361-foot) <a href="/wiki/Avicii_Arena" title="Avicii Arena">Avicii Arena</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> as its substitute Sun, and, following the scale, Jupiter is a 7.5-meter (25-foot) sphere at <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Arlanda_Airport" title="Stockholm Arlanda Airport">Stockholm Arlanda Airport</a>, 40 km (25 mi) away, whereas the farthest current object, <a href="/wiki/90377_Sedna" class="mw-redirect" title="90377 Sedna">Sedna</a>, is a 10 cm (4 in) sphere in <a href="/wiki/Lule%C3%A5" title="Luleå">Luleå</a>, 912 km (567 mi) away.<a href="#cite_note-77">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sedna-78">[65]</a> At that scale, the distance to Proxima Centauri would be roughly 8 times further than the Moon is from Earth. If the Sun–Neptune distance is scaled to 100 metres (330 ft), then the Sun would be about 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter (roughly two-thirds the diameter of a golf ball), the giant planets would be all smaller than about 3 mm (0.12 in), and <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_diameter" class="mw-redirect" title="Earth's diameter">Earth's diameter</a> along with that of the other terrestrial planets would be smaller than a <a href="/wiki/Flea" title="Flea">flea</a> (0.3 mm or 0.012 in) at this scale.<a href="#cite_note-79">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Habitability">Habitability</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Planetary_habitability_in_the_Solar_System" title="Planetary habitability in the Solar System">Planetary habitability in the Solar System</a></div> Besides solar energy, the primary characteristic of the Solar System enabling the presence of life is the heliosphere and planetary magnetic fields (for those planets that have them). These magnetic fields partially shield the Solar System from high-energy interstellar particles called <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_ray" title="Cosmic ray">cosmic rays</a>. The density of cosmic rays in the <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">interstellar medium</a> and the strength of the Sun's magnetic field change on very long timescales, so the level of cosmic-ray penetration in the Solar System varies, though by how much is unknown.<a href="#cite_note-Langner_et_al_2005-80">[67]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_habitable_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Circumstellar habitable zone">zone of habitability</a> of the Solar System is conventionally located in the inner Solar System, where planetary surface or atmospheric temperatures admit the possibility of <a href="/wiki/Liquid_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid water">liquid water</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NASA-20150407-81">[68]</a> Habitability might be possible in <a href="/wiki/Subsurface_ocean" class="mw-redirect" title="Subsurface ocean">subsurface oceans</a> of various outer Solar System moons.<a href="#cite_note-82">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comparison_with_extrasolar_systems">Comparison with extrasolar systems</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diagram_of_different_habitable_zone_regions_by_Chester_Harman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Diagram_of_different_habitable_zone_regions_by_Chester_Harman.jpg/220px-Diagram_of_different_habitable_zone_regions_by_Chester_Harman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Diagram_of_different_habitable_zone_regions_by_Chester_Harman.jpg/330px-Diagram_of_different_habitable_zone_regions_by_Chester_Harman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Diagram_of_different_habitable_zone_regions_by_Chester_Harman.jpg/440px-Diagram_of_different_habitable_zone_regions_by_Chester_Harman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3302" data-file-height="1931" /></a><figcaption>Comparison of the <a href="/wiki/Habitable_zone" title="Habitable zone">habitable zones</a> for different stellar temperatures, with a sample of known exoplanets plus the Earth, Mars, and Venus</figcaption></figure> Compared to many extrasolar systems, the Solar System stands out in lacking planets interior to the orbit of Mercury.<a href="#cite_note-Martin082015-83">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[71]</a> The known Solar System lacks <a href="/wiki/Super-Earth" title="Super-Earth">super-Earths</a>, planets between one and ten times as massive as the Earth,<a href="#cite_note-Martin082015-83">[70]</a> although the hypothetical <a href="/wiki/Planet_Nine" title="Planet Nine">Planet Nine</a>, if it does exist, could be a super-Earth orbiting in the edge of the Solar System.<a href="#cite_note-85">[72]</a> Uncommonly, it has only small terrestrial and large gas giants; elsewhere planets of intermediate size are typical—both rocky and gas—so there is no "gap" as seen between the size of Earth and of Neptune (with a radius 3.8 times as large). As many of these super-Earths are closer to their respective stars than Mercury is to the Sun, a hypothesis has arisen that all planetary systems start with many close-in planets, and that typically a sequence of their collisions causes consolidation of mass into few larger planets, but in case of the Solar System the collisions caused their destruction and ejection.<a href="#cite_note-Martin082015-83">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[73]</a> The orbits of Solar System planets are nearly circular. Compared to many other systems, they have smaller <a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">orbital eccentricity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Martin082015-83">[70]</a> Although there are attempts to explain it partly with a bias in the <a href="/wiki/Doppler_spectroscopy" title="Doppler spectroscopy">radial-velocity detection method</a> and partly with long interactions of a quite high number of planets, the exact causes remain undetermined.<a href="#cite_note-Martin082015-83">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sun">Sun</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="White ball of plasma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/220px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/330px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/440px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3379" data-file-height="3379" /></a><figcaption>The Sun in true white color</figcaption></figure> The Sun is the Solar System's star and by far its most massive component. Its large mass (332,900 <a href="/wiki/Earth_mass" title="Earth mass">Earth masses</a>),<a href="#cite_note-88">[75]</a> which comprises 99.86% of all the mass in the Solar System,<a href="#cite_note-Woolfson00-89">[76]</a> produces temperatures and densities in its <a href="/wiki/Solar_core" title="Solar core">core</a> high enough to sustain nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.<a href="#cite_note-90">[77]</a> This releases an enormous amount of <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a>, mostly <a href="/wiki/Radiant_energy" title="Radiant energy">radiated</a> into <a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">space</a> as <a href="/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation" title="Electromagnetic radiation">electromagnetic radiation</a> peaking in <a href="/wiki/Visible_light" class="mw-redirect" title="Visible light">visible light</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[79]</a> Because the Sun fuses hydrogen at its core, it is a main-sequence star. More specifically, it is a <a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G2-type main-sequence star</a>, where the type designation refers to its <a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">effective temperature</a>. Hotter main-sequence stars are more luminous but shorter lived. The Sun's temperature is intermediate between that of the <a href="/wiki/O-type_main-sequence_star" title="O-type main-sequence star">hottest stars</a> and that of the coolest stars. Stars brighter and hotter than the Sun are rare, whereas substantially dimmer and cooler stars, known as <a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">red dwarfs</a>, make up about 75% of the <a href="/wiki/Fusor_(astronomy)" title="Fusor (astronomy)">fusor</a> stars in the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a>.<a href="#cite_note-93">[80]</a> The Sun is a <a href="/wiki/Population_I_stars" class="mw-redirect" title="Population I stars">population I star</a>, having formed in the <a href="/wiki/Spiral_arm" title="Spiral arm">spiral arms</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> galaxy. It has a higher abundance of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium ("<a href="/wiki/Metallicity" title="Metallicity">metals</a>" in astronomical parlance) than the older population II stars in the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_bulge" title="Galactic bulge">galactic bulge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Galactic_halo" title="Galactic halo">halo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-94">[81]</a> Elements heavier than hydrogen and helium were formed in the cores of ancient and exploding stars, so the first generation of stars had to die before the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a> could be enriched with these atoms. The oldest stars contain few metals, whereas stars born later have more. This higher metallicity is thought to have been crucial to the Sun's development of a <a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">planetary system</a> because the planets formed from the accretion of "metals".<a href="#cite_note-95">[82]</a> The region of space dominated by the Solar <a href="/wiki/Magnetosphere" title="Magnetosphere">magnetosphere</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a>, which spans much of the Solar System. Along with <a href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">light</a>, the Sun radiates a continuous stream of charged particles (a <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(physics)" title="Plasma (physics)">plasma</a>) called the <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a>. This stream spreads outwards at speeds from 900,000 kilometres per hour (560,000 mph) to 2,880,000 kilometres per hour (1,790,000 mph),<a href="#cite_note-96">[83]</a> filling the vacuum between the bodies of the Solar System. The result is a <a href="/wiki/Vacuum" title="Vacuum">thin</a>, dusty atmosphere, called the <a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_medium" title="Interplanetary medium">interplanetary medium</a>, which extends to at least 100 AU.<a href="#cite_note-Voyager-97">[84]</a> Activity on the Sun's surface, such as <a href="/wiki/Solar_flare" title="Solar flare">solar flares</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection" title="Coronal mass ejection">coronal mass ejections</a>, disturbs the heliosphere, creating <a href="/wiki/Space_weather" title="Space weather">space weather</a> and causing <a href="/wiki/Geomagnetic_storm" title="Geomagnetic storm">geomagnetic storms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SunFlip-98">[85]</a> Coronal mass ejections and similar events blow a magnetic field and huge quantities of material from the surface of the Sun. The interaction of this magnetic field and material with Earth's magnetic field funnels charged particles into Earth's upper atmosphere, where its interactions create <a href="/wiki/Aurora_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aurora (astronomy)">aurorae</a> seen near the <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_magnetic_field#Magnetic_poles" title="Earth's magnetic field">magnetic poles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-99">[86]</a> The largest stable structure within the heliosphere is the <a href="/wiki/Heliospheric_current_sheet" title="Heliospheric current sheet">heliospheric current sheet</a>, a spiral form created by the actions of the Sun's rotating magnetic field on the interplanetary medium.<a href="#cite_note-100">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inner_Solar_System">Inner Solar System</h2></div> The inner Solar System is the region comprising the <a href="#Terrestrial_planets">terrestrial planets</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroids</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[89]</a> Composed mainly of <a href="/wiki/Silicate" title="Silicate">silicates</a> and metals,<a href="#cite_note-103">[90]</a> the objects of the inner Solar System are relatively close to the Sun; the radius of this entire region is less than the distance between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn. This region is within the <a href="/wiki/Frost_line_(astrophysics)" title="Frost line (astrophysics)">frost line</a>, which is a little less than 5 AU from the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-Levison2003-58">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inner_planets">Inner planets</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_planet" title="Terrestrial planet">Terrestrial planet</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terrestrial_planet_sizes_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Venus and Earth about the same size, Mars is about 0.55 times as big and Mercury is about 0.4 times as big" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Terrestrial_planet_sizes_3.jpg/220px-Terrestrial_planet_sizes_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Terrestrial_planet_sizes_3.jpg/330px-Terrestrial_planet_sizes_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Terrestrial_planet_sizes_3.jpg/440px-Terrestrial_planet_sizes_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3215" data-file-height="3215" /></a><figcaption>The four terrestrial planets <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></figcaption></figure> The four terrestrial or inner planets have dense, rocky compositions, few or no <a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">moons</a>, and no <a href="/wiki/Planetary_ring" class="mw-redirect" title="Planetary ring">ring systems</a>. They are composed largely of <a href="/wiki/Refractory_(planetary_science)" title="Refractory (planetary science)">refractory</a> minerals such as <a href="/wiki/Silicates" class="mw-redirect" title="Silicates">silicates</a>—which form their <a href="/wiki/Crust_(geology)" title="Crust (geology)">crusts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mantle_(geology)" title="Mantle (geology)">mantles</a>—and metals such as iron and nickel which form their <a href="/wiki/Planetary_core" title="Planetary core">cores</a>. Three of the four inner planets (Venus, Earth, and Mars) have <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere" title="Atmosphere">atmospheres</a> substantial enough to generate weather; all have impact craters and <a href="/wiki/Tectonics" title="Tectonics">tectonic</a> surface features, such as <a href="/wiki/Rift_valley" title="Rift valley">rift valleys</a> and volcanoes.<a href="#cite_note-Ryden-104">[91]</a> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a> (0.31–0.59 AU from the Sun)<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> is the smallest planet in the Solar System. Its surface is grayish, with an expansive <a href="/wiki/Rupes" title="Rupes">rupes</a> (cliff) system generated from <a href="/wiki/Thrust_fault" title="Thrust fault">thrust faults</a> and bright <a href="/wiki/Ray_system" title="Ray system">ray systems</a> formed by <a href="/wiki/Ejecta" title="Ejecta">impact event remnants</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[92]</a> The surface has widely varying temperature, with the <a href="/wiki/Equator" title="Equator">equatorial</a> regions ranging from −170 °C (−270 °F) at night to 420 °C (790 °F) during sunlight. In the past, Mercury was volcanically active, producing smooth <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basaltic</a> plains similar to the Moon.<a href="#cite_note-Head_et_al_1981-107">[93]</a> It is likely that Mercury has a silicate crust and a large iron core.<a href="#cite_note-108">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-Margot2012-109">[95]</a> Mercury has a very tenuous atmosphere, consisting of <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar-wind</a> particles and ejected atoms.<a href="#cite_note-110">[96]</a> Mercury has no natural satellites.<a href="#cite_note-spaceplace.nasa.gov-111">[97]</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> (0.72–0.73 AU)<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> has a reflective, whitish atmosphere that is mainly composed of <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>. At the surface, the atmospheric pressure is ninety times as dense as on Earth's sea level.<a href="#cite_note-u3r1a-112">[98]</a> Venus has a surface temperatures over 400 °C (752 °F), mainly due to the amount of <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas" title="Greenhouse gas">greenhouse gases</a> in the atmosphere.<a href="#cite_note-113">[99]</a> The planet lacks a protective magnetic field to protect against <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_stripping" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmospheric stripping">stripping</a> by the solar wind, which suggests that its atmosphere is sustained by volcanic activity.<a href="#cite_note-114">[100]</a> Its surface displays extensive evidence of volcanic activity with stagnant <a href="/wiki/Lid_tectonics" title="Lid tectonics">lid tectonics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[101]</a> Venus has no natural satellites.<a href="#cite_note-spaceplace.nasa.gov-111">[97]</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> (0.98–1.02 AU)<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> is the only place in the universe where <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_distribution_on_Earth" title="Water distribution on Earth">surface liquid water</a> are known to exist.<a href="#cite_note-life-116">[102]</a> Earth's atmosphere contains 78% <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> and 21% <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a>, which is the result of the presence of life.<a href="#cite_note-handbook-117">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20131003-118">[104]</a> The planet has a complex <a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">climate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weather" title="Weather">weather</a> system, with conditions differing drastically between <a href="/wiki/Climate_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate region">climate regions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-climate_zones-119">[105]</a> The solid surface of Earth is dominated by green <a href="/wiki/Vegetation" title="Vegetation">vegetation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hot_deserts" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot deserts">deserts</a> and white <a href="/wiki/Ice_sheet" title="Ice sheet">ice sheets</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Carlowicz_Simmon_2019-120">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cain_2010-121">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-National_Geographic_Society_2006-122">[108]</a> Earth's surface is shaped by <a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">plate tectonics</a> that formed the continental masses.<a href="#cite_note-Head_et_al_1981-107">[93]</a> Earth's planetary <a href="/wiki/Magnetosphere" title="Magnetosphere">magnetosphere</a> shields the surface from radiation, limiting <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_stripping" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmospheric stripping">atmospheric stripping</a> and maintaining life habitability.<a href="#cite_note-123">[109]</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> is Earth's only natural satellite.<a href="#cite_note-124">[110]</a> Its diameter is one-quarter the size of Earth's.<a href="#cite_note-Metzger2021-125">[111]</a> Its surface is covered in <a href="/wiki/Lunar_soil" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar soil">very fine regolith</a> and dominated by <a href="/wiki/Impact_crater" title="Impact crater">impact craters</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[113]</a> Large dark patches on the Moon, <a href="/wiki/Lunar_mare" title="Lunar mare">maria</a>, are formed from past volcanic activity.<a href="#cite_note-128">[114]</a> The Moon's atmosphere is extremely thin, consisting of a <a href="/wiki/Partial_vacuum" class="mw-redirect" title="Partial vacuum">partial vacuum</a> with particle densities of under 107 per cm−3.<a href="#cite_note-129">[115]</a></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> (1.38–1.67 AU)<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> has a radius about half of that of Earth.<a href="#cite_note-Seidelmann2007-130">[116]</a> Most of the planet is red due to <a href="/wiki/Iron(III)_oxide" title="Iron(III) oxide">iron oxide</a> in Martian soil,<a href="#cite_note-131">[117]</a> and the polar regions are covered in <a href="/wiki/Martian_polar_ice_caps" title="Martian polar ice caps">white ice caps</a> made of water and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[118]</a> Mars has an atmosphere composed mostly of carbon dioxide, with surface pressure 0.6% of that of Earth, which is sufficient to support some weather phenomena.<a href="#cite_note-133">[119]</a> During the Mars year (687 Earth days), there are large surface temperature swings on the surface between −78.5 °C (−109.3 °F) to 5.7 °C (42.3 °F). The surface is peppered with volcanoes and <a href="/wiki/Rift_valley" title="Rift valley">rift valleys</a>, and has a rich collection of <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">minerals</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-ismars-135">[121]</a> Mars has a highly <a href="/wiki/Planetary_differentiation" title="Planetary differentiation">differentiated</a> internal structure, and lost its magnetosphere 4 billion years ago.<a href="#cite_note-Nimmo_2005-136">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-swind-137">[123]</a> <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Mars" title="Moons of Mars">Mars has two tiny moons</a>:<a href="#cite_note-NYT-20200725-138">[124]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(moon)" title="Phobos (moon)">Phobos</a> is Mars's inner moon. It is a small, irregularly shaped object with a mean radius of 11 km (7 mi). Its surface is very unreflective and dominated by impact craters.<a href="#cite_note-jplssd-139">[D 7]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[125]</a> In particular, Phobos's surface has a very large <a href="/wiki/Stickney_(crater)" title="Stickney (crater)">Stickney impact crater</a> that is roughly 4.5 km (2.8 mi) in radius.<a href="#cite_note-141">[126]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(moon)" title="Deimos (moon)">Deimos</a> is Mars's outer moon. Like Phobos, it is irregularly shaped, with a mean radius of 6 km (4 mi) and its surface reflects little light.<a href="#cite_note-Horizons-Deimos-142">[D 8]</a><a href="#cite_note-JPLSSD-143">[D 9]</a> However, the surface of Deimos is noticeably smoother than Phobos because the regolith partially covers the impact craters.<a href="#cite_note-144">[127]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asteroids">Asteroids</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inner_solar_system_objects_top_view_for_wiki.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Asteroid populations depicted: near-Earth asteroids, Earth trojans, Mars trojans, main asteroid belt, Jupiter trojans, Jupiter Greeks, Jupiter Hilda's triangle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Inner_solar_system_objects_top_view_for_wiki.png/220px-Inner_solar_system_objects_top_view_for_wiki.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Inner_solar_system_objects_top_view_for_wiki.png/330px-Inner_solar_system_objects_top_view_for_wiki.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Inner_solar_system_objects_top_view_for_wiki.png/440px-Inner_solar_system_objects_top_view_for_wiki.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Overview of the inner Solar System up to Jupiter's orbit</figcaption></figure>Asteroids except for the largest, Ceres, are classified as <a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_bodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Small Solar System bodies">small Solar System bodies</a> and are composed mainly of <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbonaceous</a>, refractory rocky and metallic minerals, with some ice.<a href="#cite_note-145">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[129]</a> They range from a few meters to hundreds of kilometers in size. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Many asteroids are divided into <a href="/wiki/Asteroid_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteroid group">asteroid groups</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asteroid_family" title="Asteroid family">families</a> based on their orbital characteristics. Some <a href="/wiki/Minor-planet_moon" title="Minor-planet moon">asteroids have natural satellites that orbit them</a>, that is, asteroids that orbit larger asteroids.<a href="#cite_note-147">[130]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mercury-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Mercury-crossing minor planets">Mercury-crossing asteroids</a> are those with <a href="/wiki/Perihelia" class="mw-redirect" title="Perihelia">perihelia</a> within the orbit of Mercury. At least 362 are known to date, and include the closest objects to the Sun known in the Solar System.<a href="#cite_note-JPLcrosserlist-148">[131]</a> No <a href="/wiki/Vulcanoid" title="Vulcanoid">vulcanoids</a>, asteroids between the orbit of Mercury and the Sun, have been discovered.<a href="#cite_note-149">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-Steffl2013-150">[133]</a> As of 2024, one asteroid has been discovered to orbit completely within Venus's orbit, <a href="/wiki/594913_%EA%9E%8CAyl%C3%B3%EA%9E%8Cchaxnim" title="594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim">594913 ꞌAylóꞌchaxnim</a>.<a href="#cite_note-151">[134]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus-crossing_asteroid" class="mw-redirect" title="Venus-crossing asteroid">Venus-crossing asteroids</a> are those that cross the orbit of Venus. There are 2,809 as of 2015.<a href="#cite_note-jpello-152">[135]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth asteroids</a> have orbits that approach relatively close to Earth's orbit,<a href="#cite_note-MorbidelliAstIII-153">[136]</a> and some of them are <a href="/wiki/Potentially_hazardous_object" title="Potentially hazardous object">potentially hazardous objects</a> because they might collide with Earth in the future.<a href="#cite_note-CNEOS-Basics-154">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-NEO-groups-155">[138]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars-crossing_asteroids" class="mw-redirect" title="Mars-crossing asteroids">Mars-crossing asteroids</a> are those with perhihelia above 1.3 AU which cross the orbit of Mars.<a href="#cite_note-156">[139]</a> As of 2024, NASA lists 26,182 confirmed Mars-crossing asteroids.<a href="#cite_note-jpello-152">[135]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Asteroid_belt">Asteroid belt</h4></div> The <a href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" title="Asteroid belt">asteroid belt</a> occupies a torus-shaped region between 2.3 and 3.3 AU from the Sun, which lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. It is thought to be remnants from the Solar System's formation that failed to coalesce because of the gravitational interference of Jupiter.<a href="#cite_note-157">[140]</a> The asteroid belt contains tens of thousands, possibly millions, of objects over one kilometer in diameter.<a href="#cite_note-158">[141]</a> Despite this, the total mass of the asteroid belt is unlikely to be more than a thousandth of that of Earth.<a href="#cite_note-Krasinsky2002-52">[40]</a> The asteroid belt is very sparsely populated; spacecraft routinely pass through without incident.<a href="#cite_note-159">[142]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg/220px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg/330px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg/440px-The_Four_Largest_Asteroids.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1563" data-file-height="735" /></a><figcaption>The four largest asteroids: <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a>, <a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a>, <a href="/wiki/10_Hygiea" title="10 Hygiea">Hygiea</a>. Only Ceres and Vesta have been visited by a spacecraft and thus have a detailed picture.</figcaption></figure> Below are the descriptions of the three largest bodies in the asteroid belt. They are all considered to be relatively intact <a href="/wiki/Protoplanet" title="Protoplanet">protoplanets</a>, a precursor stage before becoming a fully-formed planet (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_exceptional_asteroids" title="List of exceptional asteroids">List of exceptional asteroids</a>):<a href="#cite_note-160">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-nasa-dawn20110329-161">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-Marsset2020-162">[145]</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a> (2.55–2.98 AU) is the only dwarf planet in the asteroid belt.<a href="#cite_note-IAU-QA-163">[146]</a> It is the largest object in the belt, with a diameter of 940 km (580 mi).<a href="#cite_note-Ermakov2017-164">[147]</a> Its surface contains a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Nature_12_2018-165">[148]</a> frozen water and <a href="/wiki/Hydrate" title="Hydrate">hydrated</a> minerals.<a href="#cite_note-EPSC2-166">[149]</a> There are signs of past <a href="/wiki/Cryovolcano" title="Cryovolcano">cryovolcanic</a> activity, where <a href="/wiki/Volatile_(astrogeology)" title="Volatile (astrogeology)">volatile</a> material such as water are erupted onto the surface, as seen in <a href="/wiki/Bright_spots_on_Ceres" title="Bright spots on Ceres">surface bright spots</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[150]</a> Ceres has a very thin water vapor atmosphere, but practically speaking it is indistinguishable from a vacuum.<a href="#cite_note-168">[151]</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a> (2.13–3.41 AU) is the second-largest object in the asteroid belt.<a href="#cite_note-Astronomy_&_Astrophysics-169">[152]</a> Its fragments survive as the <a href="/wiki/Vesta_family" title="Vesta family">Vesta asteroid family</a><a href="#cite_note-planetarysociety-170">[153]</a> and numerous <a href="/wiki/HED_meteorite" title="HED meteorite">HED meteorites</a> found on Earth.<a href="#cite_note-Vestainterior-171">[154]</a> Vesta's surface, dominated by <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basaltic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metamorphic_rock" title="Metamorphic rock">metamorphic</a> material, has a denser composition than Ceres's.<a href="#cite_note-Takeda1997-172">[155]</a> Its surface is marked by two giant craters: <a href="/wiki/Rheasilvia" title="Rheasilvia">Rheasilvia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Veneneia_(crater)" title="Veneneia (crater)">Veneneia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Schenk2012-173">[156]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a> (2.15–2.57 AU) is the third-largest object in the asteroid belt.<a href="#cite_note-Astronomy_&_Astrophysics-169">[152]</a> It has its own <a href="/wiki/Pallas_family" title="Pallas family">Pallas</a> <a href="/wiki/Vesta_family" title="Vesta family">asteroid family</a>.<a href="#cite_note-planetarysociety-170">[153]</a> Not much is known about Pallas because it has never been visited by a spacecraft,<a href="#cite_note-174">[157]</a> though its surface is predicted to be composed of silicates.<a href="#cite_note-AutoCB-19-175">[158]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Hilda_asteroid" title="Hilda asteroid">Hilda asteroids</a> are in a 3:2 resonance with Jupiter; that is, they go around the Sun three times for every two Jovian orbits.<a href="#cite_note-Barucci-176">[159]</a> They lie in three linked clusters between Jupiter and the main asteroid belt. <a href="/wiki/Trojan_(celestial_body)" title="Trojan (celestial body)">Trojans</a> are bodies located within another body's gravitationally stable <a href="/wiki/Lagrangian_point" class="mw-redirect" title="Lagrangian point">Lagrange points</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L4_and_L5" title="Lagrange point">L4</a>, 60° ahead in its orbit, or <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L4_and_L5" title="Lagrange point">L5</a>, 60° behind in its orbit.<a href="#cite_note-spies-177">[160]</a> Every planet except Mercury and Saturn is known to possess at least 1 trojan.<a href="#cite_note-Connors-178">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-secondUranus-179">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-CeresVestatrojans-180">[163]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_trojan" title="Jupiter trojan">Jupiter trojan</a> population is roughly equal to that of the asteroid belt.<a href="#cite_note-Yoshida2005-181">[164]</a> After Jupiter, Neptune possesses the most confirmed trojans, at 28.<a href="#cite_note-182">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outer_Solar_System">Outer Solar System</h2></div> The outer region of the Solar System is home to the <a href="/wiki/Giant_planet" title="Giant planet">giant planets</a> and their large moons. The <a href="/wiki/Centaur_(minor_planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centaur (minor planet)">centaurs</a> and many <a href="/wiki/Short-period_comet" class="mw-redirect" title="Short-period comet">short-period comets</a> orbit in this region. Due to their greater distance from the Sun, the solid objects in the outer Solar System contain a higher proportion of volatiles such as water, ammonia, and methane, than planets of the inner Solar System because their lower temperatures allow these compounds to remain solid, without significant <a href="/wiki/Sublimation_(phase_transition)" title="Sublimation (phase transition)">sublimation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bennett_8.2-32">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outer_planets">Outer planets</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Giant_planet" title="Giant planet">Giant planet</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Planet_collage_to_scale_(captioned).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Jupiter and Saturn is about 2 times bigger than Uranus and Neptune, 10 times bigger than Venus and Earth, 20 times bigger than Mars and 25 times bigger than Mercury" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Planet_collage_to_scale_%28captioned%29.jpg/220px-Planet_collage_to_scale_%28captioned%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Planet_collage_to_scale_%28captioned%29.jpg/330px-Planet_collage_to_scale_%28captioned%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Planet_collage_to_scale_%28captioned%29.jpg/440px-Planet_collage_to_scale_%28captioned%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>The outer planets <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a>, compared to the inner planets Earth, Venus, Mars, and Mercury at the bottom right</figcaption></figure> The four outer planets, called giant planets or Jovian planets, collectively make up 99% of the mass orbiting the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-footnoteD-53">[h]</a> All four giant planets have multiple moons and a ring system, although only Saturn's rings are easily observed from Earth.<a href="#cite_note-Ryden-104">[91]</a> Jupiter and Saturn are composed mainly of gases with extremely low melting points, such as hydrogen, helium, and <a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">neon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Podolak_Podolak_et_al._2000-183">[166]</a> hence their designation as <a href="/wiki/Gas_giant" title="Gas giant">gas giants</a>.<a href="#cite_note-184">[167]</a> Uranus and Neptune are <a href="/wiki/Ice_giants" class="mw-redirect" title="Ice giants">ice giants</a>,<a href="#cite_note-185">[168]</a> meaning they are largely composed of <a href="/wiki/Volatile_(astrogeology)" title="Volatile (astrogeology)">'ice' in the astronomical sense</a> (chemical compounds with melting points of up to a few hundred <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">kelvins</a><a href="#cite_note-Podolak_Podolak_et_al._2000-183">[166]</a> such as water, methane, ammonia, <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_sulfide" title="Hydrogen sulfide">hydrogen sulfide</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Podolak_Weizman_et_al._1995-186">[169]</a>) Icy substances comprise the majority of the satellites of the giant planets and small objects that lie beyond Neptune's orbit.<a href="#cite_note-Podolak_Weizman_et_al._1995-186">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-zeilik-187">[170]</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a> (4.95–5.46 AU)<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> is the biggest and most massive planet in the Solar System. On its surface, there are orange-brown and white cloud bands moving via the principles of <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_circulation" title="Atmospheric circulation">atmospheric circulation</a>, with giant storms swirling on the surface such as the <a href="/wiki/Great_Red_Spot" title="Great Red Spot">Great Red Spot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oval_BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Oval BA">white 'ovals'</a>. <a href="/wiki/Magnetosphere_of_Jupiter" title="Magnetosphere of Jupiter">Jupiter possesses a strong enough magnetosphere</a> to redirect <a href="/wiki/Ionizing_radiation" title="Ionizing radiation">ionizing radiation</a> and cause <a href="/wiki/Aurora" title="Aurora">auroras</a> on its poles.<a href="#cite_note-188">[171]</a> As of 2024, Jupiter has <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Jupiter" title="Moons of Jupiter">95 confirmed satellites</a>, which can roughly be sorted into three groups: <ul><li>The Amalthea group, consisting of <a href="/wiki/Metis_(moon)" title="Metis (moon)">Metis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adrastea_(moon)" title="Adrastea (moon)">Adrastea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amalthea_(moon)" title="Amalthea (moon)">Amalthea</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thebe_(moon)" title="Thebe (moon)">Thebe</a>. They orbit substantially closer to Jupiter than other satellites.<a href="#cite_note-189">[172]</a> Materials from these natural satellites are the source of Jupiter's faint ring.<a href="#cite_note-190">[173]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Galilean_moons" title="Galilean moons">Galilean moons</a>, consisting of <a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(moon)" title="Ganymede (moon)">Ganymede</a>, <a href="/wiki/Callisto_(moon)" title="Callisto (moon)">Callisto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Io_(moon)" title="Io (moon)">Io</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Europa_(moon)" title="Europa (moon)">Europa</a>. They are the largest moons of Jupiter and exhibit planetary properties.<a href="#cite_note-191">[174]</a></li> <li>Irregular satellites, consisting of substantially smaller natural satellites. They have more distant orbits than the other objects.<a href="#cite_note-list-192">[175]</a></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a> (9.08–10.12 AU)<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> has a distinctive visible <a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Saturn" title="Rings of Saturn">ring system</a> orbiting around its equator composed of small ice and rock particles. Like Jupiter, it is mostly made of hydrogen and helium.<a href="#cite_note-193">[176]</a> At its north and south poles, Saturn has peculiar <a href="/wiki/Saturn%27s_hexagon" title="Saturn's hexagon">hexagon-shaped storms</a> larger than the diameter of Earth. <a href="/wiki/Magnetosphere_of_Saturn" title="Magnetosphere of Saturn">Saturn has a magnetosphere</a> capable of producing weak auroras. As of 2024, Saturn has <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Saturn" title="Moons of Saturn">146 confirmed satellites</a>, grouped into: <ul><li>Ring <a href="/wiki/Moonlet" title="Moonlet">moonlets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shepherd_moon" title="Shepherd moon">shepherds</a>, which orbit inside or close to Saturn's rings. A moonlet can only partially clear out dust in its orbit,<a href="#cite_note-Sremcevic2007-194">[177]</a> while the ring shepherds are able to completely clear out dust, forming visible gaps in the rings.<a href="#cite_note-Porco2005-195">[178]</a></li> <li>Inner large satellites <a href="/wiki/Mimas" title="Mimas">Mimas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enceladus" title="Enceladus">Enceladus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tethys_(moon)" title="Tethys (moon)">Tethys</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dione_(moon)" title="Dione (moon)">Dione</a>. These satellites orbit within <a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Saturn#E_Ring" title="Rings of Saturn">Saturn's E ring</a>. They are composed mostly of water ice and are believed to have differentiated internal structures.<a href="#cite_note-:2-196">[179]</a></li> <li>Trojan moons <a href="/wiki/Calypso_(moon)" title="Calypso (moon)">Calypso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Telesto_(moon)" title="Telesto (moon)">Telesto</a> (trojans of Tethys), and <a href="/wiki/Helene_(moon)" title="Helene (moon)">Helene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polydeuces_(moon)" title="Polydeuces (moon)">Polydeuces</a> (trojans of Dione). These small moons share their orbits with Tethys and Dione, leading or trailing either.<a href="#cite_note-Calypso-197">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-Polydeuces-198">[181]</a></li> <li>Outer large satellites <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(moon)" title="Rhea (moon)">Rhea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Titan_(moon)" title="Titan (moon)">Titan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(moon)" title="Hyperion (moon)">Hyperion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Iapetus_(moon)" title="Iapetus (moon)">Iapetus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-196">[179]</a> Titan is the only satellite in the Solar System to have a substantial atmosphere.<a href="#cite_note-Forget2017-199">[182]</a></li> <li>Irregular satellites, consisting of substantially smaller natural satellites. They have more distant orbits than the other objects. <a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(moon)" title="Phoebe (moon)">Phoebe</a> is the largest irregular satellite of Saturn.<a href="#cite_note-Jewitt2007-200">[183]</a></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a> (18.3–20.1 AU),<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> uniquely among the planets, orbits the Sun on its side with an <a href="/wiki/Axial_tilt" title="Axial tilt">axial tilt</a> >90°. This gives the planet extreme seasonal variation as each pole points alternately toward and then away from the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-201">[184]</a> Uranus' outer layer has a muted <a href="/wiki/Cyan" title="Cyan">cyan</a> color, but underneath these clouds are <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Uranus" title="Climate of Uranus">many mysteries about its climate</a>, such as unusually low <a href="/wiki/Internal_heat" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal heat">internal heat</a> and erratic cloud formation. As of 2024, Uranus has <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus" title="Moons of Uranus">28 confirmed satellites</a>, divided into three groups: <ul><li>Inner satellites, which orbit inside Uranus' ring system.<a href="#cite_note-Esposito2002-202">[185]</a> They are very close to each other, which suggests that their orbits are <a href="/wiki/Chaotic_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaotic system">chaotic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Duncan_Lissauer_1997-203">[186]</a></li> <li>Large satellites, consisting of <a href="/wiki/Titania_(moon)" title="Titania (moon)">Titania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oberon_(moon)" title="Oberon (moon)">Oberon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umbriel" title="Umbriel">Umbriel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ariel_(moon)" title="Ariel (moon)">Ariel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Miranda_(moon)" title="Miranda (moon)">Miranda</a>.<a href="#cite_note-204">[187]</a> Most of them have roughly equal amounts of rock and ice, except Miranda, which is made primarily of ice.<a href="#cite_note-Hussmann_Sohl_et_al._2006-205">[188]</a></li> <li>Irregular satellites, having more distant and eccentric orbits than the other objects.<a href="#cite_note-Sheppardmoons2024-206">[189]</a></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a> (29.9–30.5 AU)<a href="#cite_note-nasa-factsheet-105">[D 6]</a> is the furthest planet known in the Solar System. Its outer atmosphere has a slightly muted cyan color, with occasional storms on the surface that look like dark spots. Like Uranus, many atmospheric phenomena of Neptune are unexplained, such as the <a href="/wiki/Thermosphere" title="Thermosphere">thermosphere</a>'s abnormally high temperature or the strong tilt (47°) of its magnetosphere. As of 2024, Neptune has <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune" title="Moons of Neptune">16 confirmed satellites</a>, divided into two groups: <ul><li>Regular satellites, which have circular orbits that lie near Neptune's equator.<a href="#cite_note-Jewitt2007-200">[183]</a></li> <li>Irregular satellites, which as the name implies, have less regular orbits. One of them, <a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a>, is Neptune's largest moon. It is geologically active, with erupting <a href="/wiki/Geyser" title="Geyser">geysers</a> of nitrogen gas, and possesses a thin, cloudy nitrogen atmosphere.<a href="#cite_note-Soderblom2-207">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-Forget2017-199">[182]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Centaurs">Centaurs</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)" title="Centaur (small Solar System body)">Centaur</a></div> The centaurs are icy, comet-like bodies whose <a href="/wiki/Semi-major_and_semi-minor_axes" title="Semi-major and semi-minor axes">semi-major axes</a> are longer than Jupiter's and shorter than Neptune's (between 5.5 and 30 AU). These are former Kuiper belt and <a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">scattered disc objects</a> (SDOs) that were gravitationally <a href="/wiki/Perturbation_(astronomy)" title="Perturbation (astronomy)">perturbed</a> closer to the Sun by the outer planets, and are expected to become comets or be ejected out of the Solar System.<a href="#cite_note-Delsanti-Beyond_The_Planets-51">[39]</a> While most centaurs are inactive and asteroid-like, some exhibit cometary activity, such as the first centaur discovered, <a href="/wiki/2060_Chiron" title="2060 Chiron">2060 Chiron</a>, which has been classified as a comet (95P) because it develops a coma just as comets do when they approach the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-208">[191]</a> The largest known centaur, <a href="/wiki/10199_Chariklo" title="10199 Chariklo">10199 Chariklo</a>, has a diameter of about 250 km (160 mi) and is one of the few minor planets possessing a ring system.<a href="#cite_note-spitzer-209">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-Braga-Ribas-2014-210">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trans-Neptunian_region">Trans-Neptunian region</h2></div> Beyond the orbit of Neptune lies the area of the "<a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">trans-Neptunian region</a>", with the doughnut-shaped Kuiper belt, home of Pluto and several other dwarf planets, and an overlapping disc of scattered objects, which is <a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">tilted toward the plane</a> of the Solar System and reaches much further out than the Kuiper belt. The entire region is still <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Solar_System_exploration" title="Timeline of Solar System exploration">largely unexplored</a>. It appears to consist overwhelmingly of many thousands of small worlds—the largest having a diameter only a fifth that of Earth and a mass far smaller than that of the Moon—composed mainly of rock and ice. This region is sometimes described as the "third zone of the Solar System", enclosing the inner and the outer Solar System.<a href="#cite_note-211">[194]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kuiper_belt">Kuiper belt</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuiper_belt_plot_objects_of_outer_solar_system.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Kuiper_belt_plot_objects_of_outer_solar_system.png/220px-Kuiper_belt_plot_objects_of_outer_solar_system.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Kuiper_belt_plot_objects_of_outer_solar_system.png/330px-Kuiper_belt_plot_objects_of_outer_solar_system.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Kuiper_belt_plot_objects_of_outer_solar_system.png/440px-Kuiper_belt_plot_objects_of_outer_solar_system.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Plot of objects around the <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a> and other asteroid populations. J, S, U and N denotes Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TheKuiperBelt_classes-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TheKuiperBelt_classes-en.svg/220px-TheKuiperBelt_classes-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TheKuiperBelt_classes-en.svg/330px-TheKuiperBelt_classes-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TheKuiperBelt_classes-en.svg/440px-TheKuiperBelt_classes-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>Orbit classification of Kuiper belt objects. Some clusters that is subjected to <a href="/wiki/Orbital_resonance" title="Orbital resonance">orbital resonance</a> are marked.</figcaption></figure> The Kuiper belt is a great ring of debris similar to the asteroid belt, but consisting mainly of objects composed primarily of ice.<a href="#cite_note-physical-212">[195]</a> It extends between 30 and 50 AU from the Sun. It is composed mainly of small Solar System bodies, although the largest few are probably large enough to be dwarf planets.<a href="#cite_note-Grundy2019-213">[196]</a> There are estimated to be over 100,000 Kuiper belt objects with a diameter greater than 50 km (30 mi), but the total mass of the Kuiper belt is thought to be only a tenth or even a hundredth the mass of Earth.<a href="#cite_note-Delsanti-Beyond_The_Planets-51">[39]</a> Many Kuiper belt objects have satellites,<a href="#cite_note-214">[197]</a> and most have orbits that are substantially inclined (~10°) to the plane of the ecliptic.<a href="#cite_note-trojan-215">[198]</a> The Kuiper belt can be roughly divided into the "<a href="/wiki/Classical_Kuiper_belt_object" title="Classical Kuiper belt object">classical</a>" belt and the <a href="/wiki/Resonant_trans-Neptunian_object" title="Resonant trans-Neptunian object">resonant trans-Neptunian objects</a>.<a href="#cite_note-physical-212">[195]</a> The latter have orbits whose periods are in a simple ratio to that of Neptune: for example, going around the Sun twice for every three times that Neptune does, or once for every two. The classical belt consists of objects having no resonance with Neptune, and extends from roughly 39.4 to 47.7 AU.<a href="#cite_note-216">[199]</a> Members of the classical Kuiper belt are sometimes called "cubewanos", after the first of their kind to be discovered, originally designated <a href="/wiki/15760_Albion" title="15760 Albion">1992 QB1</a>, (and has since been named Albion); they are still in near primordial, low-eccentricity orbits.<a href="#cite_note-217">[200]</a> Currently, there is strong consensus among astronomers that five members of the Kuiper belt are <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">dwarf planets.<a href="#cite_note-Grundy2019-213">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-JWST-218">[201]</a> Many dwarf planet candidates are being considered, pending further data for verification.<a href="#cite_note-Tancredi2008-219">[202]</a> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509"><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> (29.7–49.3 AU) is the largest known object in the Kuiper belt. Pluto has a relatively eccentric orbit, inclined 17 degrees to the <a href="/wiki/Ecliptic_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecliptic plane">ecliptic plane</a>. Pluto has a <a href="/wiki/Orbital_resonance" title="Orbital resonance">2:3 resonance</a> with Neptune, meaning that Pluto orbits twice around the Sun for every three Neptunian orbits. Kuiper belt objects whose orbits share this resonance are called <a href="/wiki/Plutino" title="Plutino">plutinos</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fajans_et_al_2001-220">[203]</a> <a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Pluto" title="Moons of Pluto">Pluto has five moons</a>: Charon, <a href="/wiki/Styx_(moon)" title="Styx (moon)">Styx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nix_(moon)" title="Nix (moon)">Nix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerberos_(moon)" title="Kerberos (moon)">Kerberos</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hydra_(moon)" title="Hydra (moon)">Hydra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-221">[204]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon_(moon)" title="Charon (moon)">Charon</a>, the largest of Pluto's moons, is sometimes described as part of a <a href="/wiki/Binary_system_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Binary system (astronomy)">binary system</a> with Pluto, as the two bodies orbit a <a href="/wiki/Barycenter" class="mw-redirect" title="Barycenter">barycenter</a> of gravity above their surfaces (i.e. they appear to "orbit each other").</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a> (30.3–48.1 AU), is in the same 2:3 orbital resonance with Neptune as Pluto, and is the largest such object after Pluto itself.<a href="#cite_note-brownlargest-222">[205]</a> Its eccentricity and inclination are similar to Pluto's, but its perihelion lies about 120° from that of Pluto. Thus, the <a href="/wiki/Phase_(waves)#Phase_difference" title="Phase (waves)">phase</a> of Orcus's orbit is opposite to Pluto's: Orcus is at aphelion (most recently in 2019) around when Pluto is at perihelion (most recently in 1989) and vice versa.<a href="#cite_note-MPC2004-D15-223">[206]</a> For this reason, it has been called the anti-Pluto.<a href="#cite_note-MBP-224">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[208]</a> It has one known moon, <a href="/wiki/Vanth_(moon)" title="Vanth (moon)">Vanth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IAUC8812-226">[209]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a> (34.6–51.6 AU) was discovered in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-227">[210]</a> It is in a temporary 7:12 orbital resonance with Neptune.<a href="#cite_note-brownlargest-222">[205]</a> Haumea possesses a ring system, two known moons named <a href="/wiki/Hi%CA%BBiaka_(moon)" title="Hiʻiaka (moon)">Hiʻiaka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Namaka_(moon)" title="Namaka (moon)">Namaka</a>, and rotates so quickly (once every 3.9 hours) that it is stretched into an <a href="/wiki/Ellipsoid" title="Ellipsoid">ellipsoid</a>. It is part of a <a href="/wiki/Collisional_family" title="Collisional family">collisional family</a> of Kuiper belt objects that share similar orbits, which suggests a giant impact on Haumea ejected fragments into space billions of years ago.<a href="#cite_note-Noviello2022-228">[211]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a> (38.1–52.8 AU), although smaller than Pluto, is the largest known object in the classical Kuiper belt (that is, a Kuiper belt object not in a confirmed resonance with Neptune). Makemake is the brightest object in the Kuiper belt after Pluto. Discovered in 2005, it was officially named in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-229">[212]</a> Its orbit is far more inclined than Pluto's, at 29°.<a href="#cite_note-Buie136472-230">[213]</a> It has one known moon, <a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">S/2015 (136472) 1</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ParkerA2016-231">[214]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a> (41.9–45.5 AU) is the second-largest known object in the classical Kuiper belt, after Makemake. Its orbit is significantly less eccentric and inclined than those of Makemake or Haumea.<a href="#cite_note-brownlargest-222">[205]</a> It possesses a ring system and one known moon, <a href="/wiki/Weywot_(moon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Weywot (moon)">Weywot</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Morgado2023-232">[215]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scattered_disc">Scattered disc</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TheKuiperBelt_Projections_100AU_Classical_SDO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/TheKuiperBelt_Projections_100AU_Classical_SDO.svg/220px-TheKuiperBelt_Projections_100AU_Classical_SDO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/TheKuiperBelt_Projections_100AU_Classical_SDO.svg/330px-TheKuiperBelt_Projections_100AU_Classical_SDO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/TheKuiperBelt_Projections_100AU_Classical_SDO.svg/440px-TheKuiperBelt_Projections_100AU_Classical_SDO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The orbital eccentricities and inclinations of the scattered disc population compared to the classical and resonant Kuiper belt objects</figcaption></figure> The scattered disc, which overlaps the Kuiper belt but extends out to near 500 AU, is thought to be the source of short-period comets. Scattered-disc objects are believed to have been perturbed into erratic orbits by the gravitational influence of <a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System#Planetary_migration" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">Neptune's early outward migration</a>. Most scattered disc objects have perihelia within the Kuiper belt but aphelia far beyond it (some more than 150 AU from the Sun). SDOs' orbits can be inclined up to 46.8° from the ecliptic plane.<a href="#cite_note-233">[216]</a> Some astronomers consider the scattered disc to be merely another region of the Kuiper belt and describe scattered-disc objects as "scattered Kuiper belt objects".<a href="#cite_note-234">[217]</a> Some astronomers classify centaurs as inward-scattered Kuiper belt objects along with the outward-scattered residents of the scattered disc.<a href="#cite_note-235">[218]</a> Currently, there is strong consensus among astronomers that two of the bodies in the scattered disc are <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">dwarf planets: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a> (38.3–97.5 AU) is the largest known scattered disc object and the most massive known dwarf planet. Eris's discovery contributed to a debate about the definition of a planet because it is 25% more massive than Pluto<a href="#cite_note-Brown_Schaller_2007-236">[219]</a> and about the same diameter. It has one known moon, <a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(moon)" title="Dysnomia (moon)">Dysnomia</a>. Like Pluto, its orbit is highly eccentric, with a perihelion of 38.2 AU (roughly Pluto's distance from the Sun) and an aphelion of 97.6 AU, and steeply inclined to the ecliptic plane at an angle of 44°.<a href="#cite_note-237">[220]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a> (33.8–101.2 AU) is a dwarf planet in a comparable orbit to Eris, except that it is in a 3:10 resonance with Neptune.<a href="#cite_note-jpldata-238">[D 10]</a> It has one known moon, <a href="/wiki/Xiangliu_(moon)" title="Xiangliu (moon)">Xiangliu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kissetal2017-239">[221]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Extreme_trans-Neptunian_objects">Extreme trans-Neptunian objects</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Extreme_trans-Neptunian_object" title="Extreme trans-Neptunian object">Extreme trans-Neptunian object</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Distant_object_orbits_%2B_Planet_Nine.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Distant_object_orbits_%2B_Planet_Nine.png/290px-Distant_object_orbits_%2B_Planet_Nine.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Distant_object_orbits_%2B_Planet_Nine.png/435px-Distant_object_orbits_%2B_Planet_Nine.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Distant_object_orbits_%2B_Planet_Nine.png/580px-Distant_object_orbits_%2B_Planet_Nine.png 2x" data-file-width="5850" data-file-height="3900" /></a><figcaption>The current orbits of <a href="/wiki/90377_Sedna" class="mw-redirect" title="90377 Sedna">Sedna</a>, <a href="/wiki/2012_VP113" title="2012 VP113">2012 VP113</a>, <a href="/wiki/541132_Lele%C4%81k%C5%ABhonua" title="541132 Leleākūhonua">Leleākūhonua</a> (pink), and other very <a href="/wiki/ETNO" class="mw-redirect" title="ETNO">distant objects</a> (red, brown and cyan) along with the predicted orbit of the hypothetical <a href="/wiki/Planet_Nine" title="Planet Nine">Planet Nine</a> (dark blue)</figcaption></figure> Some objects in the Solar System have a very large orbit, and therefore are much less affected by the known giant planets than other minor planet populations. These bodies are called extreme trans-Neptunian objects, or ETNOs for short.<a href="#cite_note-Sheppard-2018-240">[222]</a> Generally, ETNOs' <a href="/wiki/Semi-major_axis" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-major axis">semi-major axes</a> are at least 150–250 AU wide.<a href="#cite_note-Sheppard-2018-240">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-Caju_outlier-241">[223]</a> For example, <a href="/wiki/541132_Lele%C4%81k%C5%ABhonua" title="541132 Leleākūhonua">541132 Leleākūhonua</a> orbits the Sun once every ~32,000 years, with a distance of 65–2000 AU from the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-jpldata2-242">[D 11]</a> This population is divided into three subgroups by astronomers. The <a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc_object" class="mw-redirect" title="Scattered disc object">scattered</a> ETNOs have <a href="/wiki/Perihelia" class="mw-redirect" title="Perihelia">perihelia</a> around 38–45 AU and an exceptionally high <a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">eccentricity</a> of more than 0.85. As with the regular scattered disc objects, they were likely formed as result of <a href="/wiki/Planetary_migration#Gravitational_scattering" title="Planetary migration">gravitational scattering</a> by Neptune and still interact with the giant planets. The <a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">detached</a> ETNOs, with perihelia approximately between 40–45 and 50–60 AU, are less affected by Neptune than the scattered ETNOs, but are still relatively close to Neptune. The <a href="/wiki/Sednoid" title="Sednoid">sednoids</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hills_Cloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Hills Cloud">inner Oort cloud</a> objects, with perihelia beyond 50–60 AU, are too far from Neptune to be strongly influenced by it.<a href="#cite_note-Sheppard-2018-240">[222]</a> Currently, there is one ETNO that is classified as a dwarf planet: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a> (76.2–937 AU) was the first extreme trans-Neptunian object to be discovered. It is a large, reddish object, and it takes ~11,400 years for Sedna to complete one orbit. <a href="/wiki/Michael_E._Brown" title="Michael E. Brown">Mike Brown</a>, who discovered the object in 2003, asserts that it cannot be part of the scattered disc or the Kuiper belt because its perihelion is too distant to have been affected by Neptune's migration.<a href="#cite_note-243">[224]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sednoid" title="Sednoid">sednoid population</a> is named after Sedna.<a href="#cite_note-Sheppard-2018-240">[222]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edge_of_the_heliosphere">Edge of the heliosphere</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magnetosphere_Levels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Magnetosphere_Levels.jpg/220px-Magnetosphere_Levels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Magnetosphere_Levels.jpg/330px-Magnetosphere_Levels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Magnetosphere_Levels.jpg/440px-Magnetosphere_Levels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of the Sun's magnetosphere and helioshealth</figcaption></figure> The Sun's <a href="/wiki/Stellar-wind_bubble" title="Stellar-wind bubble">stellar-wind bubble</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">heliosphere</a>, a region of space dominated by the Sun, has its boundary at the termination shock. Based on the Sun's <a href="/wiki/Peculiar_motion" class="mw-redirect" title="Peculiar motion">peculiar motion</a> relative to the <a href="/wiki/Local_standard_of_rest" title="Local standard of rest">local standard of rest</a>, this boundary is roughly 80–100 AU from the Sun upwind of the interstellar medium and roughly 200 AU from the Sun downwind.<a href="#cite_note-fahr-244">[225]</a> Here the solar wind collides with the interstellar medium<a href="#cite_note-245">[226]</a> and dramatically slows, condenses and becomes more turbulent, forming a great oval structure known as the <a href="/wiki/Heliosheath" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliosheath">heliosheath</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fahr-244">[225]</a> The heliosheath has been theorized to look and behave very much like a comet's tail, extending outward for a further 40 AU on the upwind side but tailing many times that distance downwind to possibly several thousands of AU.<a href="#cite_note-n092-246">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-247">[228]</a> Evidence from the <a href="/wiki/Cassini_(spacecraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassini (spacecraft)">Cassini</a> and <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Boundary_Explorer" title="Interstellar Boundary Explorer">Interstellar Boundary Explorer</a> spacecraft has suggested that it is forced into a bubble shape by the constraining action of the interstellar magnetic field,<a href="#cite_note-248">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-249">[230]</a> but the actual shape remains unknown.<a href="#cite_note-250">[231]</a> The shape and form of the outer edge of the heliosphere is likely affected by the <a href="/wiki/Fluid_dynamics" title="Fluid dynamics">fluid dynamics</a> of interactions with the interstellar medium as well as <a href="/wiki/Solar_magnetic_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar magnetic field">solar magnetic fields</a> prevailing to the south, e.g. it is bluntly shaped with the northern hemisphere extending 9 AU farther than the southern hemisphere.<a href="#cite_note-fahr-244">[225]</a> The heliopause is considered the beginning of the interstellar medium.<a href="#cite_note-Voyager-97">[84]</a> Beyond the heliopause, at around 230 AU, lies the <a href="/wiki/Bow_shock" title="Bow shock">bow shock</a>: a plasma "wake" left by the Sun as it travels through the Milky Way.<a href="#cite_note-251">[232]</a> Large objects outside the heliopause remain gravitationally bound to the Sun, but the flow of matter in the interstellar medium homogenizes the distribution of micro-scale objects.<a href="#cite_note-Voyager-97">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Miscellaneous_populations">Miscellaneous populations</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comets">Comets</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">Comet</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg/220px-Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg/330px-Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg/440px-Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Comet_Hale%E2%80%93Bopp" title="Comet Hale–Bopp">Comet Hale–Bopp</a> seen in 1997</figcaption></figure> Comets are <a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_bodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Small Solar System bodies">small Solar System bodies</a>, typically only a few kilometers across, composed largely of volatile ices. They have highly eccentric orbits, generally a perihelion within the orbits of the inner planets and an aphelion far beyond Pluto. When a comet enters the inner Solar System, its proximity to the Sun causes its icy surface to <a href="/wiki/Sublimation_(chemistry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sublimation (chemistry)">sublimate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ionise</a>, creating a <a href="/wiki/Coma_(cometary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coma (cometary)">coma</a>: a long tail of gas and dust often visible to the naked eye.<a href="#cite_note-252">[233]</a> Short-period comets have orbits lasting less than two hundred years. Long-period comets have orbits lasting thousands of years. Short-period comets are thought to originate in the Kuiper belt, whereas long-period comets, such as <a href="/wiki/Comet_Hale%E2%80%93Bopp" title="Comet Hale–Bopp">Hale–Bopp</a>, are thought to originate in the Oort cloud. Many comet groups, such as the <a href="/wiki/Kreutz_sungrazer" title="Kreutz sungrazer">Kreutz sungrazers</a>, formed from the breakup of a single parent.<a href="#cite_note-253">[234]</a> Some comets with <a href="/wiki/Hyperbolic_trajectory" title="Hyperbolic trajectory">hyperbolic</a> orbits may originate outside the Solar System, but determining their precise orbits is difficult.<a href="#cite_note-hyperbolic-254">[235]</a> Old comets whose volatiles have mostly been driven out by solar warming are often categorized as asteroids.<a href="#cite_note-255">[236]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meteoroids,_meteors_and_dust">Meteoroids, meteors and dust</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">Meteoroid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloud" title="Interplanetary dust cloud">Interplanetary dust cloud</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">Cosmic dust</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meteor_shower_in_the_Chilean_Desert_(annotated_and_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Meteor_shower_in_the_Chilean_Desert_%28annotated_and_cropped%29.jpg/220px-Meteor_shower_in_the_Chilean_Desert_%28annotated_and_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Meteor_shower_in_the_Chilean_Desert_%28annotated_and_cropped%29.jpg/330px-Meteor_shower_in_the_Chilean_Desert_%28annotated_and_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Meteor_shower_in_the_Chilean_Desert_%28annotated_and_cropped%29.jpg/440px-Meteor_shower_in_the_Chilean_Desert_%28annotated_and_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7500" data-file-height="7500" /></a><figcaption>The planets, zodiacal light and meteor shower (top left of image)</figcaption></figure> Solid objects smaller than one meter are usually called meteoroids and micrometeoroids (grain-sized), with the exact division between the two categories being debated over the years.<a href="#cite_note-256">[237]</a> By 2017, the IAU designated any solid object having a diameter between ~30 <a href="/wiki/Micrometre" title="Micrometre">micrometers</a> and 1 meter as meteoroids, and depreciated the micrometeoroid categorization, instead terms smaller particles simply as 'dust particles'.<a href="#cite_note-257">[238]</a> Some meteoroids formed via disintegration of comets and asteroids, while a few formed via impact debris ejected from planetary bodies. Most meteoroids are made of silicates and heavier metals like <a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">nickel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>.<a href="#cite_note-258">[239]</a> When passing through the Solar System, comets produce a trail of meteoroids; it is hypothesized that this is caused either by vaporization of the comet's material or by simple breakup of dormant comets. When crossing an atmosphere, these meteoroids will produce bright streaks in the sky due to <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_entry" title="Atmospheric entry">atmospheric entry</a>, called <a href="/wiki/Meteor" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteor">meteors</a>. If a stream of meteoroids enter the atmosphere on parallel trajectories, the meteors will seemingly 'radiate' from a point in the sky, hence the phenomenon's name: <a href="/wiki/Meteor_shower" title="Meteor shower">meteor shower</a>.<a href="#cite_note-259">[240]</a> The inner Solar System is home to the <a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloud" title="Interplanetary dust cloud">zodiacal dust cloud</a>, which is visible as the hazy <a href="/wiki/Zodiacal_light" title="Zodiacal light">zodiacal light</a> in dark, unpolluted skies. It may be generated by collisions within the asteroid belt brought on by gravitational interactions with the planets; a more recent proposed origin is materials from planet Mars.<a href="#cite_note-260">[241]</a> The outer Solar System hosts a cosmic dust cloud. It extends from about 10 AU to about 40 AU, and was probably created by collisions within the Kuiper belt.<a href="#cite_note-261">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-262">[243]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boundary_region_and_uncertainties">Boundary region and uncertainties</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Planets_beyond_Neptune" title="Planets beyond Neptune">Planets beyond Neptune</a>, <a href="/wiki/Planet_Nine" title="Planet Nine">Planet Nine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_objects_by_greatest_aphelion" title="List of Solar System objects by greatest aphelion">List of Solar System objects by greatest aphelion</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/220px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/330px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg/440px-Kuiper_belt_-_Oort_cloud-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="439" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Artist%27s_impression" title="Artist's impression">artist's impression</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a>, a region still well within the <a href="/wiki/Sphere_of_influence_(astrodynamics)" title="Sphere of influence (astrodynamics)">sphere of influence</a> of the Solar System, including a depiction of the much further inside <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a> (inset); the sizes of objects are over-scaled for visibility.</figcaption></figure> Much of the Solar System is still unknown. Regions beyond thousands of AU away are still virtually unmapped and learning about this region of space is difficult. Study in this region depends upon inferences from those few objects whose orbits happen to be perturbed such that they fall closer to the Sun, and even then, detecting these objects has often been possible only when they happened to become bright enough to register as comets.<a href="#cite_note-263">[244]</a> Many objects may yet be discovered in the Solar System's uncharted regions.<a href="#cite_note-264">[245]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a> is a theorized spherical shell of up to a trillion icy objects that is thought to be the source for all long-period comets.<a href="#cite_note-:5-265">[246]</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-266">[247]</a> No direct observation of the Oort cloud is possible with present imaging technology.<a href="#cite_note-267">[248]</a> It is theorized to surround the Solar System at roughly 50,000 AU (~0.9 <a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">ly</a>) from the Sun and possibly to as far as 100,000 AU (~1.8 ly). The Oort cloud is thought to be composed of comets that were ejected from the inner Solar System by gravitational interactions with the outer planets. Oort cloud objects move very slowly, and can be perturbed by infrequent events, such as collisions, the gravitational effects of a passing star, or the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_tide" title="Galactic tide">galactic tide</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tidal_force" title="Tidal force">tidal force</a> exerted by the Milky Way.<a href="#cite_note-:5-265">[246]</a><a href="#cite_note-:6-266">[247]</a> As of the 2020s, a few astronomers have hypothesized that <a href="/wiki/Planet_Nine" title="Planet Nine">Planet Nine</a> (a planet beyond Neptune) might exist, based on statistical variance in the orbit of <a href="/wiki/Extreme_trans-Neptunian_object" title="Extreme trans-Neptunian object">extreme trans-Neptunian objects</a>.<a href="#cite_note-P9H2019-268">[249]</a> Their closest approaches to the Sun are mostly clustered around one sector and their orbits are similarly tilted, suggesting that a large planet might be influencing their orbit over millions of years.<a href="#cite_note-Sheppard2014-269">[250]</a><a href="#cite_note-nodes-2021-270">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-nodes-2022-271">[252]</a> However, some astronomers said that this observation might be credited to observational biases or just sheer coincidence.<a href="#cite_note-272">[253]</a> An alternative hypothesis has a close flyby of another star disrupting the outer Solar System.<a href="#cite_note-273">[254]</a> The Sun's gravitational field is estimated to <a href="/wiki/Sphere_of_influence_(astrodynamics)" title="Sphere of influence (astrodynamics)">dominate the gravitational forces of surrounding stars</a> out to about two light-years (125,000 AU). Lower estimates for the radius of the Oort cloud, by contrast, do not place it farther than 50,000 AU.<a href="#cite_note-Encrenaz_et_al_2004-274">[255]</a> Most of the mass is orbiting in the region between 3,000 and 100,000 AU.<a href="#cite_note-275">[256]</a> The furthest known objects, such as <a href="/wiki/Comet_West" title="Comet West">Comet West</a>, have aphelia around 70,000 AU from the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-276">[257]</a> The Sun's <a href="/wiki/Hill_sphere" title="Hill sphere">Hill sphere</a> with respect to the galactic nucleus, the effective range of its gravitational influence, is thought to extend up to a thousand times farther and encompasses the hypothetical Oort cloud.<a href="#cite_note-Littmann-277">[258]</a> It was calculated by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleb_Alexandrovich_Chebotarev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gleb Alexandrovich Chebotarev (page does not exist)">G. A. Chebotarev</a> to be 230,000 AU.<a href="#cite_note-Chebotarev-14">[7]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Interstellar_medium_annotated.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Interstellar_medium_annotated.jpg/550px-Interstellar_medium_annotated.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Interstellar_medium_annotated.jpg/825px-Interstellar_medium_annotated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Interstellar_medium_annotated.jpg/1100px-Interstellar_medium_annotated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10800" data-file-height="4590" /></a><figcaption>The Solar System (left) within the <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">interstellar medium</a>, with the different regions and their distances on a <a href="/wiki/Logarithmic_scale" title="Logarithmic scale">logarithmic scale</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Celestial_neighborhood">Celestial neighborhood</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_exoplanets" title="List of nearest exoplanets">List of nearest exoplanets</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearby_stellar_associations_and_moving_groups" title="List of nearby stellar associations and moving groups">List of nearby stellar associations and moving groups</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Local_Interstellar_Cloud_and_neighboring_G-cloud_complex.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/The_Local_Interstellar_Cloud_and_neighboring_G-cloud_complex.svg/220px-The_Local_Interstellar_Cloud_and_neighboring_G-cloud_complex.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/The_Local_Interstellar_Cloud_and_neighboring_G-cloud_complex.svg/330px-The_Local_Interstellar_Cloud_and_neighboring_G-cloud_complex.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/The_Local_Interstellar_Cloud_and_neighboring_G-cloud_complex.svg/440px-The_Local_Interstellar_Cloud_and_neighboring_G-cloud_complex.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of the <a href="/wiki/Local_Interstellar_Cloud" title="Local Interstellar Cloud">Local Interstellar Cloud</a>, the <a href="/wiki/G-Cloud" title="G-Cloud">G-Cloud</a> and surrounding stars. As of 2022, the precise location of the Solar System in the clouds is an open question in astronomy.<a href="#cite_note-278">[259]</a></figcaption></figure> Within 10 light-years of the Sun there are relatively few stars, the closest being the triple star system <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Centauri" title="Alpha Centauri">Alpha Centauri</a>, which is about 4.4 light-years away and may be in the Local Bubble's <a href="/wiki/G-Cloud" title="G-Cloud">G-Cloud</a>.<a href="#cite_note-279">[260]</a> Alpha Centauri A and B are a closely tied pair of <a href="/wiki/Solar_analog" title="Solar analog">Sun-like stars</a>, whereas the closest star to the Sun, the small <a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">red dwarf</a> <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri" title="Proxima Centauri">Proxima Centauri</a>, orbits the pair at a distance of 0.2 light-years. In 2016, a potentially habitable <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">exoplanet</a> was found to be orbiting Proxima Centauri, called <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri_b" title="Proxima Centauri b">Proxima Centauri b</a>, the closest confirmed exoplanet to the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-proxima_b_discovery_paper-280">[261]</a> The Solar System is surrounded by the <a href="/wiki/Local_Interstellar_Cloud" title="Local Interstellar Cloud">Local Interstellar Cloud</a>, although it is not clear if it is embedded in the Local Interstellar Cloud or if it lies just outside the cloud's edge.<a href="#cite_note-:1-281">[262]</a> Multiple other <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_cloud" title="Interstellar cloud">interstellar clouds</a> exist in the region within 300 light-years of the Sun, known as the <a href="/wiki/Local_Bubble" title="Local Bubble">Local Bubble</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-281">[262]</a> The latter feature is an hourglass-shaped cavity or <a href="/wiki/Superbubble" title="Superbubble">superbubble</a> in the interstellar medium roughly 300 light-years across. The bubble is suffused with high-temperature plasma, suggesting that it may be the product of several recent supernovae.<a href="#cite_note-282">[263]</a> The Local Bubble is a small superbubble compared to the neighboring wider <a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Wave" class="mw-redirect" title="Radcliffe Wave">Radcliffe Wave</a> and Split linear structures (formerly <a href="/wiki/Gould_Belt" title="Gould Belt">Gould Belt</a>), each of which are some thousands of light-years in length.<a href="#cite_note-Alves_Zucker_Goodman_Speagle_2020-283">[264]</a> All these structures are part of the <a href="/wiki/Orion_Arm" title="Orion Arm">Orion Arm</a>, which contains most of the stars in the Milky Way that are visible to the unaided eye.<a href="#cite_note-284">[265]</a> Groups of stars form together in <a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">star clusters</a>, before dissolving into co-moving associations. A prominent grouping that is visible to the naked eye is the <a href="/wiki/Ursa_Major_moving_group" title="Ursa Major moving group">Ursa Major moving group</a>, which is around 80 light-years away within the Local Bubble. The nearest star cluster is <a href="/wiki/Hyades_(star_cluster)" title="Hyades (star cluster)">Hyades</a>, which lies at the edge of the Local Bubble. The closest star-forming regions are the <a href="/wiki/Corona_Australis_Molecular_Cloud" class="mw-redirect" title="Corona Australis Molecular Cloud">Corona Australis Molecular Cloud</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Rho_Ophiuchi_cloud_complex" title="Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex">Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Taurus_molecular_cloud" title="Taurus molecular cloud">Taurus molecular cloud</a>; the latter lies just beyond the Local Bubble and is part of the Radcliffe wave.<a href="#cite_note-285">[266]</a> Stellar flybys that pass within 0.8 light-years of the Sun occur roughly once every 100,000 years. The <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars_and_brown_dwarfs#Distant_future_and_past_encounters" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs">closest well-measured approach</a> was <a href="/wiki/Scholz%27s_Star" title="Scholz's Star">Scholz's Star</a>, which approached to ~50,000 AU of the Sun some ~70 thousands years ago, likely passing through the outer Oort cloud.<a href="#cite_note-286">[267]</a> There is a 1% chance every billion years that a star will pass within 100 AU of the Sun, potentially disrupting the Solar System.<a href="#cite_note-Raymond_et_al_2024-287">[268]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galactic_position">Galactic position</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Location_of_Earth" title="Location of Earth">Location of Earth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galactic_year" title="Galactic year">Galactic year</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Orbit_of_the_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Orbit of the Sun">Orbit of the Sun</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Milky_Way_side_view.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Milky_Way_side_view.png/220px-Milky_Way_side_view.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Milky_Way_side_view.png/330px-Milky_Way_side_view.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Milky_Way_side_view.png/440px-Milky_Way_side_view.png 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="4200" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of the Milky Way, with galactic features and the relative position of the Solar System labeled.</figcaption></figure> The Solar System is located in the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Barred_spiral_galaxy" title="Barred spiral galaxy">barred spiral galaxy</a> with a diameter of about 100,000 <a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">light-years</a> containing more than 100 billion stars.<a href="#cite_note-Lang2013-288">[269]</a> The Sun is part of one of the Milky Way's outer spiral arms, known as the <a href="/wiki/Orion%E2%80%93Cygnus_Arm" class="mw-redirect" title="Orion–Cygnus Arm">Orion–Cygnus Arm</a> or Local Spur.<a href="#cite_note-289">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-290">[271]</a> It is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Thin_disk" title="Thin disk">thin disk</a> population of stars orbiting close to the galactic plane.<a href="#cite_note-291">[272]</a> Its speed around the center of the Milky Way is about 220 km/s, so that it completes one revolution every 240 million years.<a href="#cite_note-Lang2013-288">[269]</a> This revolution is known as the Solar System's <a href="/wiki/Galactic_year" title="Galactic year">galactic year</a>.<a href="#cite_note-292">[273]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Solar_apex" title="Solar apex">solar apex</a>, the direction of the Sun's path through interstellar space, is near the constellation <a href="/wiki/Hercules_(constellation)" title="Hercules (constellation)">Hercules</a> in the direction of the current location of the bright star <a href="/wiki/Vega" title="Vega">Vega</a>.<a href="#cite_note-293">[274]</a> The plane of the ecliptic lies at an angle of about 60° to the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_plane" title="Galactic plane">galactic plane</a>.<a href="#cite_note-angle-16">[c]</a> The Sun follows a nearly circular orbit around the <a href="/wiki/Galactic_Center" title="Galactic Center">Galactic Center</a> (where the <a href="/wiki/Supermassive_black_hole" title="Supermassive black hole">supermassive black hole</a> <a href="/wiki/Sagittarius_A*" title="Sagittarius A*">Sagittarius A*</a> resides) at a distance of 26,660 light-years,<a href="#cite_note-295">[276]</a> orbiting at roughly the same speed as that of the spiral arms.<a href="#cite_note-astrobiology-296">[277]</a> If it orbited close to the center, gravitational tugs from nearby stars could perturb bodies in the <a href="#Oort_cloud">Oort cloud</a> and send many comets into the inner Solar System, producing collisions with potentially catastrophic implications for life on Earth. In this scenario, the intense radiation of the Galactic Center could interfere with the development of complex life.<a href="#cite_note-astrobiology-296">[277]</a> The Solar System's location in the Milky Way is a factor in the <a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_history_of_life" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolutionary history of life">evolutionary history of life</a> on Earth. Spiral arms are home to a far larger concentration of <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernovae</a>, gravitational instabilities, and radiation that could disrupt the Solar System, but since Earth stays in the Local Spur and therefore does not pass frequently through spiral arms, this has given Earth long periods of stability for life to evolve.<a href="#cite_note-astrobiology-296">[277]</a> However, according to the controversial <a href="/wiki/Shiva_hypothesis" title="Shiva hypothesis">Shiva hypothesis</a>, the changing position of the Solar System relative to other parts of the Milky Way could explain periodic <a href="/wiki/Extinction_events" class="mw-redirect" title="Extinction events">extinction events</a> on Earth.<a href="#cite_note-297">[278]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[279]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discovery_and_exploration">Discovery and exploration</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Discovery_and_exploration_of_the_Solar_System" title="Discovery and exploration of the Solar System">Discovery and exploration of the Solar System</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apparent_retrograde_motion_of_Mars_in_2003.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Apparent_retrograde_motion_of_Mars_in_2003.gif/220px-Apparent_retrograde_motion_of_Mars_in_2003.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Apparent_retrograde_motion_of_Mars_in_2003.gif/330px-Apparent_retrograde_motion_of_Mars_in_2003.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Apparent_retrograde_motion_of_Mars_in_2003.gif 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>The motion of 'lights' moving across the sky is the basis of the classical definition of planets: wandering stars.</figcaption></figure> Humanity's knowledge of the Solar System has grown incrementally over the centuries. Up to the <a href="/wiki/Late_Middle_Ages" title="Late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a>–<a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>, astronomers from Europe to India believed Earth to <a href="/wiki/Geocentric_model" title="Geocentric model">be stationary at the center</a> of the universe<a href="#cite_note-299">[280]</a> and categorically different from the divine or ethereal objects that moved through the sky. Although the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> philosopher <a href="/wiki/Aristarchus_of_Samos" title="Aristarchus of Samos">Aristarchus of Samos</a> had speculated on a <a href="/wiki/Heliocentric" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliocentric">heliocentric</a> reordering of the cosmos, <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Copernicus" title="Nicolaus Copernicus">Nicolaus Copernicus</a> was the first person known to have developed <a href="/wiki/Copernican_heliocentrism" title="Copernican heliocentrism">a mathematically predictive heliocentric system</a>.<a href="#cite_note-300">[281]</a><a href="#cite_note-301">[282]</a> Heliocentrism did not triumph immediately over geocentrism, but the work of Copernicus had its champions, notably <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">Johannes Kepler</a>. Using a heliocentric model that improved upon Copernicus by allowing orbits to be elliptical, and the precise observational data of <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">Tycho Brahe</a>, Kepler produced the <a href="/wiki/Rudolphine_Tables" title="Rudolphine Tables">Rudolphine Tables</a>, which enabled accurate computations of the positions of the then-known planets. <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gassendi" title="Pierre Gassendi">Pierre Gassendi</a> used them to predict a <a href="/wiki/Transit_of_Mercury" title="Transit of Mercury">transit of Mercury</a> in 1631, and <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Horrocks" title="Jeremiah Horrocks">Jeremiah Horrocks</a> did the same for a <a href="/wiki/Transit_of_Venus" title="Transit of Venus">transit of Venus</a> in 1639. This provided a strong vindication of heliocentrism and Kepler's elliptical orbits.<a href="#cite_note-302">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-303">[284]</a> In the 17th century, <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo</a> publicized the use of the telescope in astronomy; he and <a href="/wiki/Simon_Marius" title="Simon Marius">Simon Marius</a> independently discovered that Jupiter had four satellites in orbit around it.<a href="#cite_note-304">[285]</a> <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Huygens" title="Christiaan Huygens">Christiaan Huygens</a> followed on from these observations by discovering Saturn's moon <a href="/wiki/Titan_(moon)" title="Titan (moon)">Titan</a> and the shape of the <a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Saturn" title="Rings of Saturn">rings of Saturn</a>.<a href="#cite_note-305">[286]</a> In 1677, <a href="/wiki/Edmond_Halley" title="Edmond Halley">Edmond Halley</a> observed a transit of Mercury across the Sun, leading him to realize that observations of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_parallax" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar parallax">solar parallax</a> of a planet (more ideally using the transit of Venus) could be used to <a href="/wiki/Trigonometry" title="Trigonometry">trigonometrically</a> determine the distances between Earth, <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a>, and the Sun.<a href="#cite_note-306">[287]</a> Halley's friend <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>, in his magisterial <a href="/wiki/Philosophi%C3%A6_Naturalis_Principia_Mathematica" title="Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica">Principia Mathematica</a> of 1687, demonstrated that celestial bodies are not quintessentially different from Earthly ones: the same <a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion" title="Newton's laws of motion">laws of motion</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_universal_gravitation" title="Newton's law of universal gravitation">gravity</a> apply on Earth and in the skies.<a href="#cite_note-:0-65">[52]</a>: 142  <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Solar_System,_with_the_orbits_of_5_remarkable_comets._LOC_2013593161_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/The_Solar_System%2C_with_the_orbits_of_5_remarkable_comets._LOC_2013593161_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-The_Solar_System%2C_with_the_orbits_of_5_remarkable_comets._LOC_2013593161_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/The_Solar_System%2C_with_the_orbits_of_5_remarkable_comets._LOC_2013593161_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-The_Solar_System%2C_with_the_orbits_of_5_remarkable_comets._LOC_2013593161_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/The_Solar_System%2C_with_the_orbits_of_5_remarkable_comets._LOC_2013593161_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-The_Solar_System%2C_with_the_orbits_of_5_remarkable_comets._LOC_2013593161_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3491" data-file-height="3629" /></a><figcaption>Solar System diagram made by <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Bowen" title="Emanuel Bowen">Emanuel Bowen</a> in 1747. At that time, Uranus, Neptune, nor the asteroid belts have been discovered yet. Orbits of planets are drawn to scale, but the orbits of moons and the size of bodies are not.</figcaption></figure> The term "Solar System" entered the English language by 1704, when <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a> used it to refer to the Sun, planets, and comets.<a href="#cite_note-307">[288]</a> In 1705, Halley realized that repeated sightings of <a href="/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet" title="Halley's Comet">a comet</a> were of the same object, returning regularly once every 75–76 years. This was the first evidence that anything other than the planets repeatedly orbited the Sun,<a href="#cite_note-308">[289]</a> though <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a> had theorized this about comets in the 1st century.<a href="#cite_note-309">[290]</a> Careful observations of the 1769 transit of Venus allowed astronomers to calculate the average Earth–Sun distance as 93,726,900 miles (150,838,800 km), only 0.8% greater than the modern value.<a href="#cite_note-310">[291]</a> <a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a>, having occasionally been observed since 1690 and possibly from antiquity, was recognized to be a planet orbiting beyond Saturn by 1783.<a href="#cite_note-311">[292]</a> In 1838, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Bessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich Bessel">Friedrich Bessel</a> successfully measured a <a href="/wiki/Stellar_parallax" title="Stellar parallax">stellar parallax</a>, an apparent shift in the position of a star created by Earth's motion around the Sun, providing the first direct, experimental proof of heliocentrism.<a href="#cite_note-312">[293]</a> <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a> was identified as a planet some years later, in 1846, thanks to its gravitational pull causing a slight but detectable variation in the orbit of Uranus.<a href="#cite_note-313">[294]</a> <a href="/wiki/Perihelion_precession_of_Mercury" class="mw-redirect" title="Perihelion precession of Mercury">Mercury's orbital anomaly</a> observations led to searches for <a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Vulcan (hypothetical planet)">Vulcan</a>, a planet interior of Mercury, but these attempts were quashed with <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>'s theory of <a href="/wiki/General_relativity" title="General relativity">general relativity</a> in 1915.<a href="#cite_note-Clemence-314">[295]</a> In the 20th century, humans began their space exploration around the Solar System, starting with placing <a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">telescopes in space</a> since the 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-315">[296]</a> By 1989, all eight planets have been visited by space probes.<a href="#cite_note-FactSheet-316">[297]</a> Probes have returned samples from comets<a href="#cite_note-317">[298]</a> and asteroids,<a href="#cite_note-318">[299]</a> as well as flown through the <a href="/wiki/Sun%27s_corona" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun's corona">Sun's corona</a><a href="#cite_note-319">[300]</a> and visited two dwarf planets (<a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a>).<a href="#cite_note-320">[301]</a><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20180907-321">[302]</a> To save on fuel, some space missions make use of <a href="/wiki/Gravity_assist" title="Gravity assist">gravity assist maneuvers</a>, such as the two <a href="/wiki/Voyager_program" title="Voyager program">Voyager probes</a> accelerating when flyby planets in the outer Solar System<a href="#cite_note-:7-322">[303]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Parker_Solar_Probe" title="Parker Solar Probe">Parker Solar Probe</a> decelerating closer towards the Sun after flyby with Venus.<a href="#cite_note-323">[304]</a> Humans have landed on the Moon during the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo program</a> in the 1960s and 1970s<a href="#cite_note-324">[305]</a> and will return to the Moon in the 2020s with the <a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis program</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sn-20230313-325">[306]</a> Discoveries in the 20th and 21st century has prompted the <a href="/wiki/Definition_of_planet" title="Definition of planet">redefinition of the term planet</a> in 2006, hence the demotion of Pluto to a dwarf planet,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-20220118-326">[307]</a> and further interest in <a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">trans-Neptunian objects</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:02-327">[308]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/22px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/34px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/45px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Solar system">Solar system portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/32px-Earth-moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/48px-Earth-moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/64px-Earth-moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Outer space portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/28px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/42px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/56px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_spaceflight" title="Interplanetary spaceflight">Interplanetary spaceflight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_geological_features_of_the_Solar_System" title="Lists of geological features of the Solar System">Lists of geological features of the Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gravitationally_rounded_objects_of_the_Solar_System" title="List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System">List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_extremes" title="List of Solar System extremes">List of Solar System extremes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_objects_by_size" title="List of Solar System objects by size">List of Solar System objects by size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Solar_System" title="Outline of the Solar System">Outline of the Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_mnemonic" title="Planetary mnemonic">Planetary mnemonic</a> – Phrase used to remember the planets of the Solar System</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> The <a href="/wiki/Asteroid_Belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Asteroid Belt">Asteroid Belt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_Belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiper Belt">Kuiper Belt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scattered_Disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Scattered Disc">Scattered Disc</a> are not added because the individual asteroids are too small to be shown on the diagram. </li> <li id="cite_note-AgeSolarSystem-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AgeSolarSystem_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AgeSolarSystem_2-1">b</a> The date is based on the oldest <a href="/wiki/Inclusion_(mineral)" title="Inclusion (mineral)">inclusions</a> found to date in <a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">meteorites</a>, 4568.2+0.2 −0.4 million years, and is thought to be the date of the formation of the first solid material in the collapsing nebula.<a href="#cite_note-25">[13]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-angle-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-angle_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-angle_16-1">b</a> If <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \psi }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ψ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \psi }</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/45e5789e5d9c8f7c79744f43ecaaf8ba42a8553a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.513ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \psi }"> is the angle between the <a href="/wiki/Ecliptic_pole" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecliptic pole">north pole of the ecliptic</a> and the north <a href="/wiki/Galactic_pole" class="mw-redirect" title="Galactic pole">galactic pole</a> then: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \cos \psi =\cos(\beta _{g})\cos(\beta _{e})\cos(\alpha _{g}-\alpha _{e})+\sin(\beta _{g})\sin(\beta _{e})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>ψ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>cos</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \cos \psi =\cos(\beta _{g})\cos(\beta _{e})\cos(\alpha _{g}-\alpha _{e})+\sin(\beta _{g})\sin(\beta _{e})}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0355a973ffa402dc57f8f4371f702db85b17e989" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:53.341ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \cos \psi =\cos(\beta _{g})\cos(\beta _{e})\cos(\alpha _{g}-\alpha _{e})+\sin(\beta _{g})\sin(\beta _{e})}"> where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \beta _{g}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \beta _{g}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/876ecaef49f096f44b57f0258336275f8ba3a373" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.337ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \beta _{g}}"> = 27° 07′ 42.01″ and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \alpha _{g}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \alpha _{g}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db73983682cbebba39553ac1760903b39e050466" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.509ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \alpha _{g}}"> = 12h 51m 26.282s are the declination and right ascension of the north galactic pole,<a href="#cite_note-294">[275]</a> whereas <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \beta _{e}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>β</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \beta _{e}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ea2097c0262c82b8e921dfcc2cc9873e238bc31c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.314ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \beta _{e}}"> = 66° 33′ 38.6″ and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \alpha _{e}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \alpha _{e}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5a386d5764fd35c853376fd570d4c46300b19867" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.486ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \alpha _{e}}"> = 18h 0m 00s are those for the north pole of the ecliptic. (Both pairs of coordinates are for <a href="/wiki/J2000" class="mw-redirect" title="J2000">J2000</a> epoch.) The result of the calculation is 60.19°. </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Capitalization" title="Capitalization">Capitalization</a> of the name varies. The <a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a>, the authoritative body regarding <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_nomenclature" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical nomenclature">astronomical nomenclature</a>, specifies capitalizing the names of all individual astronomical objects but uses mixed "Solar System" and "solar system" structures in their <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming/">naming guidelines document</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210725053113/https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming">Archived</a> 25 July 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. The name is commonly rendered in lower case ('solar system'), as, for example, in the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/solar%20system">Merriam-Webster's 11th Collegiate Dictionary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080127201148/http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/solar%20system">Archived</a> 27 January 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> The <a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a>'s Minor Planet Center has yet to officially list Orcus, Quaoar, Gonggong, and Sedna as dwarf planets as of 2024. </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> For more classifications of Solar System objects, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_minor-planet_groups" title="List of minor-planet groups">List of minor-planet groups</a> and <a href="/wiki/Comet#Classification" title="Comet">Comet § Classification</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> The scale of the Solar System is sufficiently large that astronomers use a custom unit to express distances. The <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">astronomical unit</a>, abbreviated AU, is equal to 150,000,000 km; 93,000,000 mi. This is what the distance from the Earth to the Sun would be if the planet's orbit were perfectly circular.<a href="#cite_note-23">[12]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-footnoteD-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteD_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-footnoteD_53-1">b</a> The mass of the Solar System excluding the Sun, Jupiter and Saturn can be determined by adding together all the calculated masses for its largest objects and using rough calculations for the masses of the Oort cloud (estimated at roughly 3 Earth masses),<a href="#cite_note-50">[38]</a> the Kuiper belt (estimated at 0.1 Earth mass)<a href="#cite_note-Delsanti-Beyond_The_Planets-51">[39]</a> and the asteroid belt (estimated to be 0.0005 Earth mass)<a href="#cite_note-Krasinsky2002-52">[40]</a> for a total, rounded upwards, of ~37 Earth masses, or 8.1% of the mass in orbit around the Sun. With the combined masses of Uranus and Neptune (~31 Earth masses) subtracted, the remaining ~6 Earth masses of material comprise 1.3% of the total orbiting mass. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Data_sources">Data sources</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-lurie2014-5"><a href="#cite_ref-lurie2014_5-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLurieHenryJaoQuinn2014" class="citation journal cs1">Lurie, John C.; Henry, Todd J.; Jao, Wei-Chun; et al. (2014). "The Solar neighborhood. XXXIV. A search for planets orbiting nearby M dwarfs using astrometry". The Astronomical Journal. 148 (5): 91. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1407.4820">1407.4820</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AJ....148...91L">2014AJ....148...91L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-6256%2F148%2F5%2F91">10.1088/0004-6256/148/5/91</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6256">0004-6256</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:118492541">118492541</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astronomical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Solar+neighborhood.+XXXIV.+A+search+for+planets+orbiting+nearby+M+dwarfs+using+astrometry&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=91&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A118492541%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014AJ....148...91L&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1407.4820&rft.issn=0004-6256&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0004-6256%2F148%2F5%2F91&rft.aulast=Lurie&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rft.au=Henry%2C+Todd+J.&rft.au=Jao%2C+Wei-Chun&rft.au=Quinn%2C+Samuel+N.&rft.au=Winters%2C+Jennifer+G.&rft.au=Ianna%2C+Philip+A.&rft.au=Koerner%2C+David+W.&rft.au=Riedel%2C+Adric+R.&rft.au=Subasavage%2C+John+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RECONS-6"><a href="#cite_ref-RECONS_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astro.gsu.edu/RECONS/TOP100.posted.htm">"The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems"</a>. astro.gsu.edu. Research Consortium On Nearby Stars, Georgia State University. 7 September 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071112173559/http://www.chara.gsu.edu/RECONS/TOP100.posted.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=astro.gsu.edu&rft.atitle=The+One+Hundred+Nearest+Star+Systems&rft.date=2007-09-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astro.gsu.edu%2FRECONS%2FTOP100.posted.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-JPLbodies-7"><a href="#cite_ref-JPLbodies_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov">"Solar System Objects"</a>. NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210707142304/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Solar+System+Objects&rft.pub=NASA%2FJPL+Solar+System+Dynamics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fssd.jpl.nasa.gov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPCSummary-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MPCSummary_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPCSummary_8-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpc/summary">"Latest Published Data"</a>. 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Retrieved 18 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jpl.nasa.gov&rft.atitle=HORIZONS+Web-Interface+for+Neptune+Barycenter+%28Major+Body%3D8%29&rft.aulast=Yeomans&rft.aufirst=Donald+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fssd.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fhorizons_batch.cgi%3Fbatch%3D1%26COMMAND%3D%25278%2527%26TABLE_TYPE%3D%2527ELEMENTS%2527%26START_TIME%3D%25272000-01-01%2527%26STOP_TIME%3D%25272000-01-02%2527%26STEP_SIZE%3D%2527200%2520years%2527%26CENTER%3D%2527%400%2527%26OUT_UNITS%3D%2527AU-D%2527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988">—Select "Ephemeris Type: Orbital Elements", "Time Span: 2000-01-01 12:00 to 2000-01-02". 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Retrieved 28 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Neptune%27s+capture+of+its+moon+Triton+in+a+binary%E2%80%93planet+gravitational+encounter&rft.volume=441&rft.issue=7090&rft.pages=192-194&rft.date=2006-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4420518%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006Natur.441..192A&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature04792&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16688170&rft.aulast=Agnor&rft.aufirst=Craig+B.&rft.au=Hamilton%2C+Douglas+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fnature04792&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallant1980" class="citation book cs1">Gallant, Roy A. (1980). 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Isis. 56 (2): 196–200. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F349957">10.1086/349957</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-1753">0021-1753</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/227915">227915</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145268784">145268784</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Isis&rft.atitle=Kepler%27s+Echinus&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=196-200&rft.date=1965&rft.issn=0021-1753&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145268784%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F227915%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F349957&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=J.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boss-75"><a href="#cite_ref-Boss_75-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoss2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Boss, Alan (October 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astronomy.com/magazine/ask-astro/2006/10/is-it-a-coincidence-that-most-of-the-planets-fall-within-the-titius-bode-laws-boundaries">"Is it a coincidence that most of the planets fall within the Titius-Bode law's boundaries?"</a>. Astronomy. Ask Astro. Vol. 30, no. 10. p. 70. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220316135255/https://astronomy.com/magazine/ask-astro/2006/10/is-it-a-coincidence-that-most-of-the-planets-fall-within-the-titius-bode-laws-boundaries">Archived</a> from the original on 16 March 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomy&rft.atitle=Is+it+a+coincidence+that+most+of+the+planets+fall+within+the+Titius-Bode+law%27s+boundaries%3F&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=70&rft.date=2006-10&rft.aulast=Boss&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fastronomy.com%2Fmagazine%2Fask-astro%2F2006%2F10%2Fis-it-a-coincidence-that-most-of-the-planets-fall-within-the-titius-bode-laws-boundaries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOttewell1989" class="citation web cs1">Ottewell, Guy (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710065429/http://www.noao.edu/education/peppercorn/pcmain.html">"The Thousand-Yard Model: or, Earth as a Peppercorn"</a>. NOAO Educational Outreach Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.noao.edu/education/peppercorn/pcmain.html">the original</a> on 10 July 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NOAO+Educational+Outreach+Office&rft.atitle=The+Thousand-Yard+Model%3A+or%2C+Earth+as+a+Peppercorn&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Ottewell&rft.aufirst=Guy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.noao.edu%2Feducation%2Fpeppercorn%2Fpcmain.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110412124455/http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/~wbrewer/solarmodel.html">"Tours of Model Solar Systems"</a>. University of Illinois. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/~wbrewer/solarmodel.html">the original</a> on 12 April 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tours+of+Model+Solar+Systems&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finternal.psychology.illinois.edu%2F~wbrewer%2Fsolarmodel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sedna-78"><a href="#cite_ref-Sedna_78-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100715074955/http://www.kuriren.nu/arkiv/2005/11/17/Lokalt/1510647/Lule%C3%A5-%C3%A4r-Sedna.aspx">"Luleå är Sedna. I alla fall om vår sol motsvaras av Globen i Stockholm"</a>. Norrbotten Kuriren (in Swedish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuriren.nu/arkiv/2005/11/17/Lokalt/1510647/Lule%C3%A5-%C3%A4r-Sedna.aspx">the original</a> on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 10 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lule%C3%A5+%C3%A4r+Sedna.+I+alla+fall+om+v%C3%A5r+sol+motsvaras+av+Globen+i+Stockholm&rft.pub=Norrbotten+Kuriren+%28in+Swedish%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuriren.nu%2Farkiv%2F2005%2F11%2F17%2FLokalt%2F1510647%2FLule%25C3%25A5-%25C3%25A4r-Sedna.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> See, for example, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOffice_of_Space_Science2004" class="citation web cs1">Office of Space Science (9 July 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/5-8/features/F_Solar_System_Scale.html">"Solar System Scale"</a>. NASA Educator Features. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827184323/http://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/5-8/features/F_Solar_System_Scale.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NASA+Educator+Features&rft.atitle=Solar+System+Scale&rft.date=2004-07-09&rft.au=Office+of+Space+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Faudience%2Fforeducators%2F5-8%2Ffeatures%2FF_Solar_System_Scale.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Langner_et_al_2005-80"><a href="#cite_ref-Langner_et_al_2005_80-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangnerPotgieter2005" class="citation journal cs1">Langner, U. W.; Potgieter, M. S. (2005). "Effects of the position of the solar wind termination shock and the heliopause on the heliospheric modulation of cosmic rays". <a href="/wiki/Advances_in_Space_Research" title="Advances in Space Research">Advances in Space Research</a>. 35 (12): 2084–2090. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005AdSpR..35.2084L">2005AdSpR..35.2084L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.asr.2004.12.005">10.1016/j.asr.2004.12.005</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Space+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+the+position+of+the+solar+wind+termination+shock+and+the+heliopause+on+the+heliospheric+modulation+of+cosmic+rays&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=2084-2090&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.asr.2004.12.005&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005AdSpR..35.2084L&rft.aulast=Langner&rft.aufirst=U.+W.&rft.au=Potgieter%2C+M.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA-20150407-81"><a href="#cite_ref-NASA-20150407_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDychesChou2015" class="citation web cs1">Dyches, Preston; Chou, Felcia (7 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150410113514/http://www.nasa.gov/jpl/the-solar-system-and-beyond-is-awash-in-water/">"The Solar System and Beyond is Awash in Water"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/jpl/the-solar-system-and-beyond-is-awash-in-water">the original</a> on 10 April 2015. Retrieved 8 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NASA&rft.atitle=The+Solar+System+and+Beyond+is+Awash+in+Water&rft.date=2015-04-07&rft.aulast=Dyches&rft.aufirst=Preston&rft.au=Chou%2C+Felcia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fjpl%2Fthe-solar-system-and-beyond-is-awash-in-water&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_T._PappalardoWilliam_B._McKinnonK._Khurana2009" class="citation book cs1">Robert T. Pappalardo; William B. McKinnon; K. 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"The Solar System as an Exoplanetary System". <a href="/wiki/The_Astrophysical_Journal" title="The Astrophysical Journal">The Astrophysical Journal</a>. 810 (2): 105. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00931">1508.00931</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJ...810..105M">2015ApJ...810..105M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F810%2F2%2F105">10.1088/0004-637X/810/2/105</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:119119390">119119390</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Astrophysical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Solar+System+as+an+Exoplanetary+System&rft.volume=810&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=105&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1508.00931&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A119119390%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F810%2F2%2F105&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015ApJ...810..105M&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Rebecca+G.&rft.au=Livio%2C+Mario&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKohler2015" class="citation journal cs1">Kohler, Susanna (25 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aasnova.org/2015/09/25/how-normal-is-our-solar-system">"How Normal is Our Solar System?"</a>. Aas Nova Highlights. American Astronomical Society: 313. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015nova.pres..313K">2015nova.pres..313K</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407043952/https://aasnova.org/2015/09/25/how-normal-is-our-solar-system">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aas+Nova+Highlights&rft.atitle=How+Normal+is+Our+Solar+System%3F&rft.pages=313&rft.date=2015-09-25&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015nova.pres..313K&rft.aulast=Kohler&rft.aufirst=Susanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faasnova.org%2F2015%2F09%2F25%2Fhow-normal-is-our-solar-system&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheppardTrujillo2016" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Scott_S._Sheppard" title="Scott S. 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Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 33 (1): 133–161. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005AREPS..33..133N">2005AREPS..33..133N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.33.092203.122637">10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122637</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:45843366">45843366</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.atitle=Early+Crustal+Evolution+of+Mars&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=133-161&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A45843366%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.33.092203.122637&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005AREPS..33..133N&rft.aulast=Nimmo&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft.au=Tanaka%2C+Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-swind-137"><a href="#cite_ref-swind_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips2001" class="citation web cs1">Philips, Tony (31 January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110818180040/https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2001/ast31jan_1/">"The Solar Wind at Mars"</a>. 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Retrieved 22 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Science%40NASA&rft.atitle=The+Solar+Wind+at+Mars&rft.date=2001-01-31&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.nasa.gov%2Fscience-news%2Fscience-at-nasa%2F2001%2Fast31jan_1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> <img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20200725-138"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20200725_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrews2020" class="citation news cs1">Andrews, Robin George (25 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/25/science/mars-moons-phobos-deimos.html">"Why the 'Super Weird' Moons of Mars Fascinate Scientists - What's the big deal about little Phobos and tinier Deimos?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200725094039/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/25/science/mars-moons-phobos-deimos.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Why+the+%27Super+Weird%27+Moons+of+Mars+Fascinate+Scientists+-+What%27s+the+big+deal+about+little+Phobos+and+tinier+Deimos%3F&rft.date=2020-07-25&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=Robin+George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F07%2F25%2Fscience%2Fmars-moons-phobos-deimos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090422160500/http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/space/solarsystem/mars/phobos.shtml">"Phobos"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_Online" title="BBC Online">BBC Online</a>. 12 January 2004. 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Retrieved 21 April 2024. <q>One of the most striking features of Phobos, aside from its irregular shape, is its giant crater Stickney. Because Phobos is only 28 by 20 kilometers (17 by 12 mi), it must have been nearly shattered from the force of the impact that caused the giant crater. Grooves that extend across the surface from Stickney appear to be surface fractures caused by the impact.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stickney+Crater-Phobos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solarviews.com%2Fcap%2Fmars%2Fphobos2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Deimos-moon-of-Mars">"Deimos"</a>. Britannica. 6 June 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112023547/https://www.britannica.com/place/Deimos-moon-of-Mars">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2024. <q>It thus appears smoother than Phobos because its craters lie partially buried under this loose material.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britannica&rft.atitle=Deimos&rft.date=2023-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FDeimos-moon-of-Mars&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090603001603/http://www.iau.org/public_press/news/release/iau0601/newspaper">"IAU Planet Definition Committee"</a>. International Astronomical Union. 2006. 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International Journal of Astrobiology. 8 (3): 213–219. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/0905.3919">0905.3919</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009IJAsB...8..213B">2009IJAsB...8..213B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS147355040999005X">10.1017/S147355040999005X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2028999">2028999</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220401231355/https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009IJAsB...8..213B">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2022. 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Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 57 (4): 681–702. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4202%2Fapp.2011.0058">10.4202/app.2011.0058</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128%2F534">20.500.12128/534</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0567-7920">0567-7920</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:54021858">54021858</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220401214314/https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20110058.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2022. Retrieved 1 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Palaeontologica+Polonica&rft.atitle=The+Alvarez+Impact+Theory+of+Mass+Extinction%3B+Limits+to+its+Applicability+and+the+%22Great+Expectations+Syndrome%22&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=681-702&rft.date=2012-12&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F20.500.12128%2F534&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A54021858%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0567-7920&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4202%2Fapp.2011.0058&rft.aulast=Racki&rft.aufirst=Grzegorz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.app.pan.pl%2Farticle%2Fitem%2Fapp20110058.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrrell2012" class="citation book cs1">Orrell, David (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mNMsa18vTpsC&pg=PA25">Truth Or Beauty: Science and the Quest for Order</a>. Yale University Press. pp. 25–27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300186611" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300186611"><bdi>978-0300186611</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220730084322/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Truth_Or_Beauty/mNMsa18vTpsC?gbpv=1&pg=PA25">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2022. 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(May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0021828615585493">"Simon Marius's Mundus Iovialis: 400th Anniversary in Galileo's Shadow"</a>. Journal for the History of Astronomy. 46 (2): 218–234. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JHA....46..218P">2015JHA....46..218P</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0021828615585493">10.1177/0021828615585493</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-8286">0021-8286</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:120470649">120470649</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211127213209/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0021828615585493">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+for+the+History+of+Astronomy&rft.atitle=Simon+Marius%27s+Mundus+Iovialis%3A+400th+Anniversary+in+Galileo%27s+Shadow&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=218-234&rft.date=2015-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0021828615585493&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A120470649%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0021-8286&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015JHA....46..218P&rft.aulast=Pasachoff&rft.aufirst=Jay+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0021828615585493&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_history/Christiaan_Huygens_Discoverer_of_Titan">"Christiaan Huygens: Discoverer of Titan"</a>. ESA Space Science. The European Space Agency. 8 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191206001920/http://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESA_history/Christiaan_Huygens_Discoverer_of_Titan">Archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 27 October 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESA+Space+Science&rft.atitle=Christiaan+Huygens%3A+Discoverer+of+Titan&rft.date=2012-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esa.int%2FAbout_Us%2FESA_history%2FChristiaan_Huygens_Discoverer_of_Titan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-306"><a href="#cite_ref-306">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman2005" class="citation conference cs1">Chapman, Allan (April 2005). Kurtz, D. W. (ed.). Jeremiah Horrocks, William Crabtree, and the Lancashire observations of the transit of Venus of 1639. Transits of Venus: New Views of the Solar System and Galaxy, Proceedings of IAU Colloquium #196, held 7–11 June 2004 in Preston, U.K. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. Vol. 2004. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 3–26. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005tvnv.conf....3C">2005tvnv.conf....3C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1743921305001225">10.1017/S1743921305001225</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union&rft.atitle=Jeremiah+Horrocks%2C+William+Crabtree%2C+and+the+Lancashire+observations+of+the+transit+of+Venus+of+1639&rft.volume=2004&rft.pages=3-26&rft.date=2005-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1743921305001225&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005tvnv.conf....3C&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Allan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-307"><a href="#cite_ref-307">^</a> See, for example: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/solar">"solar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220318002833/https://www.etymonline.com/word/solar">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=solar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Fword%2Fsolar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-solar_system" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=solar+system">"solar system"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=solar+system&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dsolar%2Bsystem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> (Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLocke1754" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">Locke, John</a> (1754) [1720]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ni9bAAAAcAAJ">Elements of Natural Philosophy ... To which are added. Some Thoughts concerning Reading and Study for a Gentleman. By the same author. With prefatory remarks by P. Des Maizeaux</a>. R. Taylor. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220318005707/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ni9bAAAAcAAJ&newbks=0">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elements+of+Natural+Philosophy+...+To+which+are+added.+Some+Thoughts+concerning+Reading+and+Study+for+a+Gentleman.+By+the+same+author.+With+prefatory+remarks+by+P.+Des+Maizeaux&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=R.+Taylor&rft.date=1754&rft.aulast=Locke&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNi9bAAAAcAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> Posthumous publication.</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFestouKellerWeaver2004" class="citation book cs1">Festou, M. C.; Keller, H. U.; Weaver, H. A. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ehA8EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA4">"A brief conceptual history of cometary science"</a>. Comets II. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. pp. 3–16. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004come.book....3F">2004come.book....3F</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0816524501" title="Special:BookSources/978-0816524501"><bdi>978-0816524501</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220420161222/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Comets_II/ehA8EAAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PA4">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+brief+conceptual+history+of+cometary+science&rft.btitle=Comets+II&rft.place=Tucson&rft.pages=3-16&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004come.book....3F&rft.isbn=978-0816524501&rft.aulast=Festou&rft.aufirst=M.+C.&rft.au=Keller%2C+H.+U.&rft.au=Weaver%2C+H.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DehA8EAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaganDruyan1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Sagan, Carl</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ann_Druyan" title="Ann Druyan">Druyan, Ann</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LhkoowKFaTsC">Comet</a>. New York: Random House. pp. 26–27, 37–38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-3078-0105-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-3078-0105-0"><bdi>978-0-3078-0105-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615020250/https://books.google.com/books?id=LhkoowKFaTsC">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comet&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=26-27%2C+37-38&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-3078-0105-0&rft.aulast=Sagan&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.au=Druyan%2C+Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLhkoowKFaTsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeets2003" class="citation journal cs1">Teets, Donald (December 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maa.org/sites/default/files/pdf/pubs/mm_dec03-Venus.pdf">"Transits of Venus and the Astronomical Unit"</a> (PDF). Mathematics Magazine. 76 (5): 335–348. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0025570X.2003.11953207">10.1080/0025570X.2003.11953207</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3654879">3654879</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:54867823">54867823</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220203080207/https://www.maa.org/sites/default/files/pdf/pubs/mm_dec03-Venus.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 3 February 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematics+Magazine&rft.atitle=Transits+of+Venus+and+the+Astronomical+Unit&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=335-348&rft.date=2003-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A54867823%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3654879%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F0025570X.2003.11953207&rft.aulast=Teets&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maa.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpdf%2Fpubs%2Fmm_dec03-Venus.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBourtembourg2013" class="citation journal cs1">Bourtembourg, René (2013). "Was Uranus Observed by Hipparchos?". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 44 (4): 377–387. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013JHA....44..377B">2013JHA....44..377B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F002182861304400401">10.1177/002182861304400401</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:122482074">122482074</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+for+the+History+of+Astronomy&rft.atitle=Was+Uranus+Observed+by+Hipparchos%3F&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=377-387&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A122482074%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F002182861304400401&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013JHA....44..377B&rft.aulast=Bourtembourg&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-312"><a href="#cite_ref-312">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDi_Bari2018" class="citation book cs1">Di Bari, Pasquale (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hPm7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4">Cosmology and the Early Universe</a>. CRC Press. pp. 3–4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1351020138" title="Special:BookSources/978-1351020138"><bdi>978-1351020138</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cosmology+and+the+Early+Universe&rft.pages=3-4&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1351020138&rft.aulast=Di+Bari&rft.aufirst=Pasquale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhPm7DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-313"><a href="#cite_ref-313">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhatnagarVyasanakereMurthy2021" class="citation journal cs1">Bhatnagar, Siddharth; Vyasanakere, Jayanth P.; Murthy, Jayant (May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aapt.scitation.org/doi/10.1119/10.0003349">"A geometric method to locate Neptune"</a>. American Journal of Physics. 89 (5): 454–458. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.04248">2102.04248</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021AmJPh..89..454B">2021AmJPh..89..454B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1119%2F10.0003349">10.1119/10.0003349</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9505">0002-9505</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:231846880">231846880</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129125826/https://aapt.scitation.org/doi/10.1119/10.0003349">Archived</a> from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physics&rft.atitle=A+geometric+method+to+locate+Neptune&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=454-458&rft.date=2021-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A231846880%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2021AmJPh..89..454B&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F2102.04248&rft.issn=0002-9505&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1119%2F10.0003349&rft.aulast=Bhatnagar&rft.aufirst=Siddharth&rft.au=Vyasanakere%2C+Jayanth+P.&rft.au=Murthy%2C+Jayant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faapt.scitation.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1119%2F10.0003349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clemence-314"><a href="#cite_ref-Clemence_314-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClemence1947" class="citation journal cs1">Clemence, G. M. (1947). "The Relativity Effect in Planetary Motions". Reviews of Modern Physics. 19 (4): 361–364. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1947RvMP...19..361C">1947RvMP...19..361C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FRevModPhys.19.361">10.1103/RevModPhys.19.361</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+Modern+Physics&rft.atitle=The+Relativity+Effect+in+Planetary+Motions&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=361-364&rft.date=1947&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FRevModPhys.19.361&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1947RvMP...19..361C&rft.aulast=Clemence&rft.aufirst=G.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mathpages.com/rr/s6-02/6-02.htm">(math)</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-315"><a href="#cite_ref-315">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarner2018" class="citation web cs1">Garner, Rob (10 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/nasa-s-first-stellar-observatory-oao-2-turns-50">"50th Anniversary of OAO 2: NASA's 1st Successful Stellar Observatory"</a>. NASA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211229231948/https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/nasa-s-first-stellar-observatory-oao-2-turns-50">Archived</a> from the original on 29 December 2021. 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Retrieved 23 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=A+Wild+%27Interstellar+Probe%27+Mission+Idea+Is+Gaining+Momentum&rft.date=2019-01-09&rft.aulast=Spaceflight&rft.aufirst=Leonard+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F42935-nasa-interstellar-probe-mission-idea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235611614">.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);margin:0.5em 0;padding:0.2em;line-height:1.5em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-header{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-listen-to{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-files{text-align:center;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-icon{float:left;margin-left:5px;margin-top:10px}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer{margin-left:60px;margin-top:10px;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em}.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia-footer{margin-top:10px;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .spoken-wikipedia{width:20em;float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="spoken-wikipedia noprint haudio"><div class="spoken-wikipedia-header">Listen to this article (1 hour and 2 minutes)</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-files"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="200" style="width:200px;" data-durationhint="3728" data-mwtitle="En-Solar_System-article.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/En-Solar_System-article.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/En-Solar_System-article.ogg/En-Solar_System-article.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-icon"><img alt="Spoken Wikipedia icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/45px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/68px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/90px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer"><a href="/wiki/File:En-Solar_System-article.ogg" title="File:En-Solar System-article.ogg">This audio file</a> was created from a revision of this article dated 31 May 2021 (2021-05-31), and does not reflect subsequent edits.</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-footer">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">Audio help</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spoken_articles" title="Wikipedia:Spoken articles">More spoken articles</a>)</div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about Solar System <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=&su=Solar+system&library=OLBP">Online books</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=&su=Solar+system">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=&su=Solar+system&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Solar_System">"Solar System" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 157–158.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Solar+System&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=157-158&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+System" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joshworth.com/a-tediously-accurate-map-of-the-solar-system/">If the Moon were only 1 Pixel: A Tediously Accurate Map of the Solar System (web based scroll map scaled to the Moon being 1 pixel)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eyes.nasa.gov/apps/solar-system">NASA's Eyes on the Solar System</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/">NASA's Solar System Exploration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://space.jpl.nasa.gov">NASA's Solar System Simulator</a></li></ul> <style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System" title="Template:Solar System"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Solar_System" title="Template talk:Solar System"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Solar_System" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Solar System"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Solar_System" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar System</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div><figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="The Sun, the planets, their moons, and several trans-Neptunian objects" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Solar_System_Template_2.png" decoding="async" width="666" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="36" usemap="#ImageMap_95c11910eb0c3136" /><map name="ImageMap_95c11910eb0c3136"><area href="/wiki/Sun" shape="rect" coords="0,0,90,35" alt="The Sun" title="The Sun" /><area href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" shape="circle" coords="112,18,6" alt="Mercury" title="Mercury" /><area href="/wiki/Venus" shape="circle" coords="153,18,8" alt="Venus" title="Venus" /><area href="/wiki/Moon" shape="circle" coords="204,10,4" alt="The Moon" title="The Moon" /><area href="/wiki/Earth" shape="circle" coords="195,18,8" alt="Earth" title="Earth" /><area href="/wiki/Mars" shape="circle" coords="233,18,8" alt="Mars" title="Mars" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Mars" shape="circle" coords="241,13,3" alt="Phobos and Deimos" title="Phobos and Deimos" /><area href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" shape="circle" coords="271,18,5" alt="Ceres" title="Ceres" /><area href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" shape="rect" coords="256,0,288,35" alt="The main asteroid belt" title="The main asteroid belt" /><area href="/wiki/Jupiter" shape="circle" coords="316,19,15" alt="Jupiter" title="Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Jupiter" shape="circle" coords="329,6,6" alt="Moons of Jupiter" title="Moons of Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Jupiter" shape="rect" coords="298,18,335,20" alt="Rings of Jupiter" title="Rings of Jupiter" /><area href="/wiki/Saturn" shape="circle" coords="372,18,12" alt="Saturn" title="Saturn" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Saturn" shape="circle" coords="381,7,6" alt="Moons of Saturn" title="Moons of Saturn" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Saturn" shape="rect" coords="353,5,389,31" alt="Rings of Saturn" title="Rings of Saturn" /><area href="/wiki/Uranus" shape="circle" coords="418,18,12" alt="Uranus" title="Uranus" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus" shape="circle" coords="427,10,6" alt="Moons of Uranus" title="Moons of Uranus" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Uranus" shape="rect" coords="408,4,429,34" alt="Rings of Uranus" title="Rings of Uranus" /><area href="/wiki/Neptune" shape="circle" coords="462,18,12" alt="Neptune" title="Neptune" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune" shape="circle" coords="471,10,5" alt="Moons of Neptune" title="Moons of Neptune" /><area href="/wiki/Rings_of_Neptune" shape="rect" coords="441,9,485,28" alt="Rings of Neptune" title="Rings of Neptune" /><area href="/wiki/Pluto" shape="circle" coords="504,18,12" alt="Pluto" title="Pluto" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Pluto" shape="circle" coords="510,13,8" alt="Moons of Pluto" title="Moons of Pluto" /><area href="/wiki/Haumea" shape="circle" coords="534,18,12" alt="Haumea" title="Haumea" /><area href="/wiki/Moons_of_Haumea" shape="circle" coords="540,13,8" alt="Moons of Haumea" title="Moons of Haumea" /><area href="/wiki/Makemake" shape="circle" coords="567,18,12" alt="Makemake" title="Makemake" /><area href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" shape="circle" coords="571,13,8" alt="S/2015 (136472) 1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1" /><area href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" shape="rect" coords="490,0,580,35" alt="The Kuiper Belt" title="The Kuiper Belt" /><area href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" shape="circle" coords="596,18,12" alt="Eris" title="Eris" /><area href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(moon)" shape="circle" coords="602,13,8" alt="Dysnomia" title="Dysnomia" /><area href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" shape="rect" coords="581,0,610,35" alt="The Scattered Disc" title="The Scattered Disc" /><area href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" shape="rect" coords="623,0,640,35" alt="The Hills Cloud" title="The Hills Cloud" /><area href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" shape="rect" coords="641,0,666,35" alt="The Oort Cloud" title="The Oort Cloud" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Planets,dwarfs" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">Planets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">dwarfs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_planet" title="Terrestrial planet">Terrestrials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_planet" title="Giant planet">Giants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gas_giant" title="Gas giant">Gas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_giant" title="Ice giant">Ice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uranus" title="Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">Dwarfs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea" title="Haumea">Haumea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedna_(dwarf_planet)" title="Sedna (dwarf planet)">Sedna</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_satellite" title="Natural satellite">Moons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Earth <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claimed_moons_of_Earth" title="Claimed moons of Earth">other near-Earth objects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Mars" title="Moons of Mars">Mars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phobos_(moon)" title="Phobos (moon)">Phobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos_(moon)" title="Deimos (moon)">Deimos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Jupiter" title="Moons of Jupiter">Jupiter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganymede_(moon)" title="Ganymede (moon)">Ganymede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callisto_(moon)" title="Callisto (moon)">Callisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(moon)" title="Io (moon)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(moon)" title="Europa (moon)">Europa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Jupiter#List" title="Moons of Jupiter">all 95</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Saturn" title="Moons of Saturn">Saturn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titan_(moon)" title="Titan (moon)">Titan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(moon)" title="Rhea (moon)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iapetus_(moon)" title="Iapetus (moon)">Iapetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dione_(moon)" title="Dione (moon)">Dione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tethys_(moon)" title="Tethys (moon)">Tethys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enceladus" title="Enceladus">Enceladus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimas" title="Mimas">Mimas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(moon)" title="Hyperion (moon)">Hyperion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(moon)" title="Phoebe (moon)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Saturn#List" title="Moons of Saturn">all 146</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus" title="Moons of Uranus">Uranus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titania_(moon)" title="Titania (moon)">Titania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberon_(moon)" title="Oberon (moon)">Oberon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbriel" title="Umbriel">Umbriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(moon)" title="Ariel (moon)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miranda_(moon)" title="Miranda (moon)">Miranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Uranus#List" title="Moons of Uranus">all 28</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune" title="Moons of Neptune">Neptune</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triton_(moon)" title="Triton (moon)">Triton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteus_(moon)" title="Proteus (moon)">Proteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nereid_(moon)" title="Nereid (moon)">Nereid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Neptune#List" title="Moons of Neptune">all 16</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orcus_(dwarf_planet)" title="Orcus (dwarf planet)">Orcus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vanth_(moon)" title="Vanth (moon)">Vanth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Pluto" title="Moons of Pluto">Pluto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charon_(moon)" title="Charon (moon)">Charon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nix_(moon)" title="Nix (moon)">Nix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(moon)" title="Hydra (moon)">Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerberos_(moon)" title="Kerberos (moon)">Kerberos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styx_(moon)" title="Styx (moon)">Styx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moons_of_Haumea" title="Moons of Haumea">Haumea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hi%CA%BBiaka_(moon)" title="Hiʻiaka (moon)">Hiʻiaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaka_(moon)" title="Namaka (moon)">Namaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar" title="Quaoar">Quaoar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Weywot" title="Weywot">Weywot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makemake" title="Makemake">Makemake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">S/2015 (136472) 1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)" title="Gonggong (dwarf planet)">Gonggong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiangliu_(moon)" title="Xiangliu (moon)">Xiangliu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">Eris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dysnomia_(moon)" title="Dysnomia (moon)">Dysnomia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ring_system" title="Ring system">Rings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Earth" title="Rings of Earth">Earth</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Jupiter" title="Rings of Jupiter">Jovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Saturn" title="Rings of Saturn">Saturnian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Rhea" title="Rings of Rhea">Rhean</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Chariklo" title="Rings of Chariklo">Charikloan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2060_Chiron#Rings" title="2060 Chiron">Chironean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Uranus" title="Rings of Uranus">Uranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Neptune" title="Rings of Neptune">Neptunian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haumea#Ring" title="Haumea">Haumean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaoar#Rings" title="Quaoar">Quaoarian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Small_Solar_System_body" title="Small Solar System body">Small Solar System bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damocloid" title="Damocloid">Damocloids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">Meteoroids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">Minor planets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meanings_of_minor-planet_names" title="Meanings of minor-planet names">names and meanings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor-planet_moon" title="Minor-planet moon">moons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">Planetesimal</a></li> <li>Planetary orbit-crossing minor planets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mercury-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Mercury-crossing minor planets">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Venus-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Venus-crossing minor planets">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Earth-crossing_asteroids" title="List of Earth-crossing asteroids">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mars-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Mars-crossing minor planets">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jupiter-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Jupiter-crossing minor planets">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Saturn-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Saturn-crossing minor planets">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Uranus-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Uranus-crossing minor planets">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Neptune-crossing_minor_planets" title="List of Neptune-crossing minor planets">Neptune</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_(celestial_body)" title="Trojan (celestial body)">Trojans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_ND15" title="2013 ND15">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_trojan" title="Earth trojan">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_trojan" title="Mars trojan">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_trojan" title="Jupiter trojan">Jupiter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jupiter_trojans_(Trojan_camp)" title="List of Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp)">Trojan camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jupiter_trojans_(Greek_camp)" title="List of Jupiter trojans (Greek camp)">Greek camp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-orbital_configuration#Trojan_moons" title="Co-orbital configuration">Saturn Moons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_trojans" title="Uranus trojans">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_trojan" title="Neptune trojan">Neptune</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" title="Asteroid belt">Asteroid belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Pallas" title="2 Pallas">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Hygiea" title="10 Hygiea">Hygiea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_asteroid" title="Active asteroid">active</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets:_1%E2%80%931000" title="List of minor planets: 1–1000">first 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_family" title="Asteroid family">families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potentially_hazardous_object" title="Potentially hazardous object">PHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exceptional_asteroids" title="List of exceptional asteroids">exceptional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwood_gap" title="Kirkwood gap">Kirkwood gap</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)" title="Centaur (small Solar System body)">Centaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_trojan" title="Neptune trojan">Neptune trojans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">Trans-Neptunian objects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Kuiper_belt_object" title="Classical Kuiper belt object">Cubewanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutino" title="Plutino">Plutinos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">Detached objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sednoid" title="Sednoid">Sednoids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" title="Hills cloud">Hills cloud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hypothetical_Solar_System_objects" title="List of hypothetical Solar System objects">Hypothetical objects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five-planet_Nice_model" title="Five-planet Nice model">Fifth giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis_(hypothetical_star)" title="Nemesis (hypothetical star)">Nemesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaeton_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Phaeton (hypothetical planet)">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_Nine" title="Planet Nine">Planet Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_V" title="Planet V">Planet V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planets_beyond_Neptune#Planet_X" title="Planets beyond Neptune">Planet X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subsatellite" title="Subsatellite">Subsatellites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theia_(planet)" title="Theia (planet)">Theia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Tyche (hypothetical planet)">Tyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Vulcan (hypothetical planet)">Vulcan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcanoid" title="Vulcanoid">Vulcanoids</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Space_exploration" title="Space exploration">Exploration</a> (<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_space_exploration" title="Outline of space exploration">outline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_colonization" title="Space colonization">Colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_and_exploration_of_the_Solar_System" title="Discovery and exploration of the Solar System">Discovery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_models_of_the_Solar_System" title="Historical models of the Solar System">historical models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_discovery_of_Solar_System_planets_and_their_moons" title="Timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their moons">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">Space probes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Solar_System_exploration" title="Timeline of Solar System exploration">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_probes" title="List of Solar System probes">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">Human spaceflight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_station" title="Space station">space stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crewed_spacecraft" title="List of crewed spacecraft">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight_programs" title="Human spaceflight programs">programs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Mercury" title="Exploration of Mercury">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observations_and_explorations_of_Venus" title="Observations and explorations of Venus">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">Moon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_resources" title="Lunar resources">mining</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Mars" title="Exploration of Mars">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)#Exploration" title="Ceres (dwarf planet)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid#Exploration" title="Asteroid">Asteroids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_mining" title="Asteroid mining">mining</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_comets" title="List of missions to comets">Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Jupiter" title="Exploration of Jupiter">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Saturn" title="Exploration of Saturn">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Uranus" title="Exploration of Uranus">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Neptune" title="Exploration of Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_Pluto" title="Exploration of Pluto">Pluto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_space_exploration" title="Deep space exploration">Deep space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System" title="Formation and evolution of the Solar System">Formation, evolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_formation" title="Star formation">Star formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_(astrophysics)" title="Accretion (astrophysics)">Accretion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_disk" title="Accretion disk">Accretion disk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_disk#Excretion_disk" title="Accretion disk">Excretion disk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumplanetary_disk" title="Circumplanetary disk">Circumplanetary disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_disc" title="Circumstellar disc">Circumstellar disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_envelope" title="Circumstellar envelope">Circumstellar envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coatlicue_(star)" title="Coatlicue (star)">Coatlicue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">Cosmic dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debris_disk" title="Debris disk">Debris disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detached_object" title="Detached object">Detached object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exoplanetary_Circumstellar_Environments_and_Disk_Explorer" title="Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer">EXCEDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exozodiacal_dust" title="Exozodiacal dust">Exozodiacal dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_materials" title="Extraterrestrial materials">Extraterrestrial materials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_sample_curation" title="Extraterrestrial sample curation">Sample curation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sample-return_mission" title="Sample-return mission">Sample-return mission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frost_line_(astrophysics)" title="Frost line (astrophysics)">Frost/Ice/Snow line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant-impact_hypothesis" title="Giant-impact hypothesis">Giant-impact hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_collapse" title="Gravitational collapse">Gravitational collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hills_cloud" title="Hills cloud">Hills cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_sphere" title="Hill sphere">Hill sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_dust_cloud" title="Interplanetary dust cloud">Interplanetary dust cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_medium" title="Interplanetary medium">Interplanetary medium/space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_cloud" title="Interstellar cloud">Interstellar cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_medium" title="Interstellar medium">Interstellar medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space#Interstellar_space" title="Outer space">Interstellar space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_cliff" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuiper cliff">Kuiper cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_cloud" title="Molecular cloud">Molecular cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebular_hypothesis" title="Nebular hypothesis">Nebular hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oort_cloud" title="Oort cloud">Oort cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">Outer space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">Planet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disrupted_planet" title="Disrupted planet">Disrupted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_migration" title="Planetary migration">Migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetesimal" title="Planetesimal">Planetesimal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebular_hypothesis#Formation_of_planets" title="Nebular hypothesis">Formation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_collision#Formation_of_planets" title="Stellar collision">Merging stars</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disk" title="Protoplanetary disk">Protoplanetary disk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_system" title="Ring system">Ring system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roche_limit" title="Roche limit">Roche limit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roche_limit#Roche_limit,_Hill_sphere_and_radius_of_the_planet" title="Roche limit">vs. Hill sphere</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubble_pile" title="Rubble pile">Rubble pile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_disc" title="Scattered disc">Scattered disc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_comets" title="Lists of comets">Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_possible_dwarf_planets" title="List of possible dwarf planets">Possible dwarf planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gravitationally_rounded_objects_of_the_Solar_System" title="List of gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System">Gravitationally rounded objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets" title="List of minor planets">Minor planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_satellites" title="List of natural satellites">Natural satellites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_System_model" title="Solar System model">Solar System models</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_objects" title="List of Solar System objects">Solar System objects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_objects_by_size" title="List of Solar System objects by size">by size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_discovery_of_Solar_System_planets_and_their_moons" title="Timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their moons">by discovery date</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules" title="List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules">Interstellar and circumstellar molecules</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_planet" title="Double planet">Double planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonlet" title="Moonlet">Moonlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syzygy_(astronomy)" title="Syzygy (astronomy)">Syzygy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_locking" title="Tidal locking">Tidal locking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;;padding:0.4em;line-height:1.25em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Solar_System" title="Outline of the Solar System">Outline of the Solar System</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/22px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/34px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/45px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_System" title="Portal:Solar System">Solar System portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/28px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/42px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/56px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy portal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/28px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/42px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/56px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="2776" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Earth_sciences" title="Portal:Earth sciences">Earth sciences portal</a></li></ul> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar System</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Interstellar_Cloud" title="Local Interstellar Cloud">Local Interstellar Cloud</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Bubble" title="Local Bubble">Local Bubble</a> → <a href="/wiki/Gould_Belt" title="Gould Belt">Gould Belt</a> → <a href="/wiki/Orion_Arm" title="Orion Arm">Orion Arm</a> → <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> → <a href="/wiki/Satellite_galaxies_of_the_Milky_Way" title="Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way">Milky Way subgroup</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Group" title="Local Group">Local Group</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Sheet" title="Local Sheet">Local Sheet</a> → <a href="/wiki/Virgo_Supercluster" title="Virgo Supercluster">Virgo Supercluster</a> → <a href="/wiki/Laniakea_Supercluster" title="Laniakea Supercluster">Laniakea Supercluster</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Hole" title="Local Hole">Local Hole</a> → <a href="/wiki/Observable_universe" title="Observable universe">Observable universe</a> → <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a> Each arrow (→) may be read as "within" or "part of". </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Location_of_Earth" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Earth%27s_location" title="Template:Earth's location"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Earth%27s_location" title="Template talk:Earth's location"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Earth%27s_location" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Earth's location"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Location_of_Earth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Location_of_Earth" title="Location of Earth">Location of Earth</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Included</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> → <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar System</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Interstellar_Cloud" title="Local Interstellar Cloud">Local Interstellar Cloud</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Bubble" title="Local Bubble">Local Bubble</a> → <a href="/wiki/Gould_Belt" title="Gould Belt">Gould Belt</a> → <a href="/wiki/Orion_Arm" title="Orion Arm">Orion Arm</a> → <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a> → <a href="/wiki/Satellite_galaxies_of_the_Milky_Way" title="Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way">Milky Way subgroup</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Group" title="Local Group">Local Group</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Sheet" title="Local Sheet">Local Sheet</a> → <a href="/wiki/Virgo_Supercluster" title="Virgo Supercluster">Virgo Supercluster</a> → <a href="/wiki/Laniakea_Supercluster" title="Laniakea Supercluster">Laniakea Supercluster</a> → <a href="/wiki/Local_Hole" title="Local Hole">Local Hole</a> → <a href="/wiki/Observable_universe" title="Observable universe">Observable universe</a> → <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a> Each arrow (→) may be read as "within" or "part of".</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_View" title="Cosmic View">Cosmic View (1957 book)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_the_Moon_and_Beyond" title="To the Moon and Beyond">To the Moon and Beyond (1964 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Zoom" title="Cosmic Zoom">Cosmic Zoom (1968 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_Ten_(film)" title="Powers of Ten (film)">Powers of Ten (1968 and 1977 films)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Voyage_(1996_film)" title="Cosmic Voyage (1996 film)">Cosmic Voyage (1996 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Eye" title="Cosmic Eye">Cosmic Eye (2012)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_center_of_the_Universe" title="History of the center of the Universe">History of the center of the Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_magnitude" title="Order of magnitude">Order of magnitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisces%E2%80%93Cetus_Supercluster_Complex" title="Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex">Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Space" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Space">Space portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Astronomy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Astronomy_navbox" title="Template:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Astronomy_navbox" title="Template talk:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomy_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomy navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Astronomy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_astronomy" title="Outline of astronomy">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_astronomy" title="History of astronomy">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_astronomy" title="Timeline of astronomy">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomer" title="Astronomer">Astronomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_symbols" title="Astronomical symbols">Astronomical symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_object" title="Astronomical object">Astronomical object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_astronomy" title="Glossary of astronomy">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_topics_in_space" title="List of topics in space">... in space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Astronomy by</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Manner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_astronomy" title="Amateur astronomy">Amateur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observational_astronomy" title="Observational astronomy">Observational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_astronomy" title="Sidewalk astronomy">Sidewalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">Space telescope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Celestial subject</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_astronomy" title="Galactic astronomy">Galactic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Extragalactic_astronomy" title="Extragalactic astronomy">Extragalactic</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Local system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Solar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">EM methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy" title="Radio astronomy">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submillimetre_astronomy" title="Submillimetre astronomy">Submillimetre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_astronomy" title="Infrared astronomy">Infrared</a> (<a href="/wiki/Far-infrared_astronomy" title="Far-infrared astronomy">Far-infrared</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visible-light_astronomy" title="Visible-light astronomy">Visible-light (optical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_astronomy" title="Ultraviolet astronomy">Ultraviolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_astronomy" title="X-ray astronomy">X-ray</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_X-ray_astronomy" title="History of X-ray astronomy">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_astronomy" title="Gamma-ray astronomy">Gamma-ray</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;">Other methods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neutrino_astronomy" title="Neutrino astronomy">Neutrino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_ray_astronomy" title="Cosmic ray astronomy">Cosmic rays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational-wave_astronomy" title="Gravitational-wave astronomy">Gravitational radiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-energy_astronomy" title="High-energy astronomy">High-energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar_astronomy" title="Radar astronomy">Radar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spherical_astronomy" title="Spherical astronomy">Spherical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-messenger_astronomy" title="Multi-messenger astronomy">Multi-messenger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_astronomy" title="Cultural astronomy">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_astronomy" title="Australian Aboriginal astronomy">Australian Aboriginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_astronomy" title="Babylonian astronomy">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_astronomy" title="Chinese astronomy">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_astronomy" title="Egyptian astronomy">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_astronomy" title="Ancient Greek astronomy">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_astronomy" title="Hebrew astronomy">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_astronomy" title="Indian astronomy">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_astronomy" title="Inuit astronomy">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_astronomy" title="Maya astronomy">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_astronomy" title="Persian astronomy">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_Serbia" title="Astronomy in Serbia">Serbian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_folk_astronomy" title="Serbian folk astronomy">folk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_astronomy" title="Tibetan astronomy">Tibetan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Optical_telescope" title="Optical telescope">Optical telescopes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_optical_telescopes" title="List of optical telescopes">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telescopes" title="Category:Telescopes">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremely_large_telescope" title="Extremely large telescope">Extremely large telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extremely_Large_Telescope" title="Extremely Large Telescope">Extremely Large Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Telescopio_Canarias" title="Gran Telescopio Canarias">Gran Telescopio Canarias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Telescope" title="Hale Telescope">Hale Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._M._Keck_Observatory" title="W. M. Keck Observatory">Keck Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_Binocular_Telescope" title="Large Binocular Telescope">Large Binocular Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Large_Telescope" title="Southern African Large Telescope">Southern African Large Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very_Large_Telescope" title="Very Large Telescope">Very Large Telescope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">Archaeoastronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobiology" title="Astrobiology">Astrobiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrochemistry" title="Astrochemistry">Astrochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astroinformatics" title="Astroinformatics">Astroinformatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">Astrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrology_and_astronomy" title="Astrology and astronomy">Astrology and astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">Astrometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomers_Monument" title="Astronomers Monument">Astronomers Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astroparticle_physics" title="Astroparticle physics">Astroparticle physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binoculars" title="Binoculars">Binoculars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IAU_designated_constellations" title="IAU designated constellations">IAU</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photometry_(astronomy)" title="Photometry (astronomy)">Photometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetarium" title="Planetarium">Planetarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_geology" title="Planetary geology">Planetary geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_cosmology" title="Physical cosmology">Physical cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quantum_cosmology" title="Quantum cosmology">Quantum cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronomers" title="List of astronomers">List of astronomers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_astronomers" title="List of French astronomers">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world#Notable_astronomers" title="Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_astronomers_and_astrophysicists" title="List of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_astronomers" title="List of women astronomers">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">Telescope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_telescope" title="X-ray telescope">X-ray telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_telescope" title="History of the telescope">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_telescopes" title="Lists of telescopes">lists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zodiac" title="Zodiac">Zodiac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Astronomy" title="Category:Astronomy">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astronomy" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Astronomy">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="_Celestial_objects_within_10_light-years_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_10_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 10 light-years"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Star_systems_within_10_light-years" title="Template talk:Star systems within 10 light-years"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Star_systems_within_10_light-years" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Star systems within 10 light-years"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="_Celestial_objects_within_10_light-years_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">    <a href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_10_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 10 light-years">Celestial objects within 10 light-years</a> <a href="/wiki/Template:Star_systems_within_10%E2%80%9315_light-years" title="Template:Star systems within 10–15 light-years">→</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Primary_member_type" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:17em"><abbr title="Primary member of a system is the brightest one (and, in most cases, also the most massive one).">Primary</abbr> member <a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">type</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><div id="Celestial_objects_by_systems.">Celestial objects by systems.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Main-sequencestars" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">Main-sequence stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/A-type_main-sequence_star" title="A-type main-sequence star">A-type</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sirius" title="Sirius">Sirius (Alpha Canis Majoris)</a> (8.7094±0.0054 ly)</li> <li>white dwarf B</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G-type</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> (0 ly)</li> <li><abbr title="8 planets; over 1,100,000 minor planets (including 5 dwarf planets); over 5000 comets; 206 moons of planets; over 200 moons of minor planets (including 9 moons of dwarf planets); bodies of planetary rings (mostly were observed rings, not separate bodies, but over 150 moonlets were observed); numerous small bodies, observed as meteors and meteorites, but not catalogued as minor planets or comets; spacecraft; space debris; cosmonauts. Some known comets and spacecrafts, currently located within Solar System boundaries, are not gravitationally bound with the Sun, and therefore formally are separate (interstellar) objects.">rest</abbr> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar System</a></li> <li>Alpha Centauri <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Centauri" title="Alpha Centauri">α Cen (Rigil Kentaurus)</a> (4.3441±0.0022 ly)</li></ul></li> <li>K-type main-sequence star B (Toliman)</li> <li>red dwarf <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri" title="Proxima Centauri">C (Proxima Centauri)</a> (4.2465 ± 0.0003 ly)</li> <li>2 (5?) planets: <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Centauri_Ab" title="Alpha Centauri Ab">Ab</a>?; Bc?; <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri_b" title="Proxima Centauri b">Cb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri_c" title="Proxima Centauri c">Cc</a>?, <a href="/wiki/Proxima_Centauri_d" title="Proxima Centauri d">Cd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.85em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">M-type (red dwarfs)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnard%27s_Star" title="Barnard's Star">Barnard's Star</a> (5.9629±0.0004 ly)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_359" title="Wolf 359">Wolf 359</a> (7.8558±0.0013 ly)</li> <li>1? planets: b?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalande_21185" title="Lalande 21185">Lalande 21185</a> (8.3044±0.0007 ly)</li> <li>2 (3?) planets: b, d?, c</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliese_65" title="Gliese 65">Gliese 65 A (BL Ceti)</a> (8.724±0.012 ly)</li> <li>red dwarf B (UV Ceti)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_154" title="Ross 154">Ross 154</a> (9.7063±0.0009 ly)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Brown_dwarfs" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">Brown dwarfs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="L-type" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.85em"><a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf#Spectral_class_L" title="Brown dwarf">L-type</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luhman_16" title="Luhman 16">Luhman 16</a> (6.5029±0.0011 ly)</li> <li>T-type brown dwarf B</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Sub-brown_dwarfsand_rogue_planets" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;line-height:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Sub-brown_dwarf" title="Sub-brown dwarf">Sub-brown dwarfs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rogue_planet" title="Rogue planet">rogue planets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Y-type" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.85em">Y-type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WISE_0855%E2%88%920714" title="WISE 0855−0714">WISE 0855−0714</a> (7.430±0.041 ly)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Stars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Star" title="Template:Star"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Star" title="Template talk:Star"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Star" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Star"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Stars</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_stars" title="Lists of stars">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Star_formation" title="Star formation">Formation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_(astrophysics)" title="Accretion (astrophysics)">Accretion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_cloud" title="Molecular cloud">Molecular cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bok_globule" title="Bok globule">Bok globule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_stellar_object" title="Young stellar object">Young stellar object</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protostar" title="Protostar">Protostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-main-sequence_star" title="Pre-main-sequence star">Pre-main-sequence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbig_Ae/Be_star" title="Herbig Ae/Be star">Herbig Ae/Be</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_Tauri_star" title="T Tauri star">T Tauri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbig%E2%80%93Haro_object" title="Herbig–Haro object">Herbig–Haro object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayashi_track" title="Hayashi track">Hayashi track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henyey_track" title="Henyey track">Henyey track</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_evolution" title="Stellar evolution">Evolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">Main sequence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-giant_branch" title="Red-giant branch">Red-giant branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizontal_branch" title="Horizontal branch">Horizontal branch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_clump" title="Red clump">Red clump</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asymptotic_giant_branch" title="Asymptotic giant branch">Asymptotic giant branch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-AGB_star" title="Post-AGB star">post-AGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super-AGB_star" title="Super-AGB star">super-AGB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_loop" title="Blue loop">Blue loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_nebula" title="Planetary nebula">Planetary nebula</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_nebula" title="Protoplanetary nebula">Protoplanetary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf-Rayet_nebula" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolf-Rayet nebula">Wolf-Rayet nebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PG_1159_star" title="PG 1159 star">PG1159</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dredge-up" title="Dredge-up">Dredge-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OH/IR_star" title="OH/IR star">OH/IR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instability_strip" title="Instability strip">Instability strip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminous_blue_variable" title="Luminous blue variable">Luminous blue variable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_population" title="Stellar population">Stellar population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superluminous_supernova" title="Superluminous supernova">Superluminous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypernova" title="Hypernova">Hypernova</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Classification</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early-type_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Early-type star">Early</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late-type_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Late-type star">Late</a></li> <li>Main sequence <ul><li><a href="/wiki/O-type_main-sequence_star" title="O-type main-sequence star">O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-type_main-sequence_star" title="B-type main-sequence star">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-type_main-sequence_star" title="A-type main-sequence star">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-type_main-sequence_star" title="F-type main-sequence star">F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-type_main-sequence_star" title="K-type main-sequence star">K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_dwarf" title="Red dwarf">M</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdwarf" title="Subdwarf">Subdwarf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdwarf_O_star" title="Subdwarf O star">O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdwarf_B_star" title="Subdwarf B star">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star" title="Wolf–Rayet star">WR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OB_star" title="OB star">OB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subgiant" title="Subgiant">Subgiant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_star" title="Giant star">Giant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_giant" title="Blue giant">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_giant" title="Red giant">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_giant" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow giant">Yellow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_giant" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright giant">Bright giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supergiant" title="Supergiant">Supergiant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_supergiant" title="Blue supergiant">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_supergiant" title="Red supergiant">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_supergiant" title="Yellow supergiant">Yellow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypergiant" title="Hypergiant">Hypergiant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_hypergiant" title="Yellow hypergiant">Yellow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_star" title="Carbon star">Carbon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S-type_star" title="S-type star">S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CN_star" title="CN star">CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CH_star" title="CH star">CH</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">White dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemically_peculiar_star" title="Chemically peculiar star">Chemically peculiar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Am_star" title="Am star">Am</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ap_and_Bp_stars" title="Ap and Bp stars">Ap/Bp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEMP_star" title="CEMP star">CEMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury-manganese_star" title="Mercury-manganese star">HgMn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helium-weak_star" title="Helium-weak star">He-weak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barium_star" title="Barium star">Barium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Bo%C3%B6tis_star" title="Lambda Boötis star">Lambda Boötis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_star" title="Lead star">Lead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technetium_star" title="Technetium star">Technetium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Be_star" title="Be star">Be</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shell_star" title="Shell star">Shell</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B(e)_star" title="B(e) star">B[e]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helium_star" title="Helium star">Helium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_helium_star" title="Extreme helium star">Extreme</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_straggler" title="Blue straggler">Blue straggler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Compact_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact star">Remnants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact star">Compact star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRAS_00500%2B6713" title="IRAS 00500+6713">Parker's star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">White dwarf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helium_planet" title="Helium planet">Helium planet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron_star" title="Neutron star">Neutron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio-quiet_neutron_star" title="Radio-quiet neutron star">Radio-quiet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">Pulsar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binary_pulsar" title="Binary pulsar">Binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_pulsar" title="X-ray pulsar">X-ray</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetar" title="Magnetar">Magnetar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_black_hole" title="Stellar black hole">Stellar black hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_binary" title="X-ray binary">X-ray binary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_burster" title="X-ray burster">Burster</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_gamma_repeater" title="Soft gamma repeater">SGR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hypothetical_star" title="Hypothetical star">Hypothetical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_dwarf_(red-dwarf_stage)" title="Blue dwarf (red-dwarf stage)">Blue dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_dwarf" title="Black dwarf">Black dwarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exotic_star" title="Exotic star">Exotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boson_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Boson star">Boson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electroweak_star" title="Electroweak star">Electroweak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strange_star" title="Strange star">Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preon_star" class="mw-redirect" title="Preon star">Preon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planck_star" title="Planck star">Planck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_star_(dark_matter)" title="Dark star (dark matter)">Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark-energy_star" title="Dark-energy star">Dark-energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quark_star" title="Quark star">Quark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_star" title="Q star">Q</a></li></ul></li> <li>Black hole star <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_star_(semiclassical_gravity)" title="Black star (semiclassical gravity)">Black</a></li> <li>Hawking</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasi-star" title="Quasi-star">Quasi-star</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravastar" title="Gravastar">Gravastar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorne%E2%80%93%C5%BBytkow_object" title="Thorne–Żytkow object">Thorne–Żytkow object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_star" title="Iron star">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blitzar" title="Blitzar">Blitzar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_hole" title="White hole">White hole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_nucleosynthesis" title="Stellar nucleosynthesis">Nucleosynthesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deuterium_fusion" title="Deuterium fusion">Deuterium burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithium_burning" title="Lithium burning">Lithium burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton%E2%80%93proton_chain" title="Proton–proton chain">Proton–proton chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNO_cycle" title="CNO cycle">CNO cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helium_flash" title="Helium flash">Helium flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple-alpha_process" title="Triple-alpha process">Triple-alpha process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_process" title="Alpha process">Alpha process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon-burning_process" title="Carbon-burning process">C burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neon-burning_process" title="Neon-burning process">Ne burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen-burning_process" title="Oxygen-burning process">O burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon-burning_process" title="Silicon-burning process">Si burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-process" title="S-process">s-process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R-process" title="R-process">r-process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-process" title="P-process">p-process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusor_(astronomy)" title="Fusor (astronomy)">Fusor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova" title="Nova">Nova</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symbiotic_nova" title="Symbiotic nova">Symbiotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_remnant" title="Nova remnant">Remnant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminous_red_nova" title="Luminous red nova">Luminous red nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova#Recurrent_novae" title="Nova">Recurrent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronova" title="Micronova">Micronova</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernova_nucleosynthesis" title="Supernova nucleosynthesis">Supernova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_structure" title="Stellar structure">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_core" title="Stellar core">Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convection_zone" title="Convection zone">Convection zone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microturbulence" title="Microturbulence">Microturbulence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar-like_oscillations" title="Solar-like oscillations">Oscillations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiation_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation zone">Radiation zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_atmosphere" title="Stellar atmosphere">Atmosphere</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Photosphere" title="Photosphere">Photosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starspot" title="Starspot">Starspot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromosphere" title="Chromosphere">Chromosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_corona" title="Stellar corona">Stellar corona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfv%C3%A9n_surface" title="Alfvén surface">Alfvén surface</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_wind" title="Stellar wind">Stellar wind</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellar-wind_bubble" title="Stellar-wind bubble">Bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipolar_outflow" title="Bipolar outflow">Bipolar outflow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accretion_disk" title="Accretion disk">Accretion disk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disk" title="Protoplanetary disk">Protoplanetary disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proplyd" title="Proplyd">Proplyd</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroseismology" title="Asteroseismology">Asteroseismology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helioseismology" title="Helioseismology">Helioseismology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_dust" title="Circumstellar dust">Circumstellar dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">Cosmic dust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumstellar_envelope" title="Circumstellar envelope">Circumstellar envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddington_luminosity" title="Eddington luminosity">Eddington luminosity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelvin%E2%80%93Helmholtz_mechanism" title="Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism">Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Properties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_designations_and_names" title="Stellar designations and names">Designation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_dynamics" title="Stellar dynamics">Dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">Effective temperature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminosity" title="Luminosity">Luminosity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_kinematics" title="Stellar kinematics">Kinematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_magnetic_field" title="Stellar magnetic field">Magnetic field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_magnitude" title="Absolute magnitude">Absolute magnitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_mass" title="Stellar mass">Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallicity" title="Metallicity">Metallicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_rotation" title="Stellar rotation">Rotation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starlight" title="Starlight">Starlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_star" title="Variable star">Variable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photometric_system" title="Photometric system">Photometric system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_index" title="Color index">Color index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertzsprung%E2%80%93Russell_diagram" title="Hertzsprung–Russell diagram">Hertzsprung–Russell diagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color%E2%80%93color_diagram" title="Color–color diagram">Color–color diagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Str%C3%B6mgren_sphere" title="Strömgren sphere">Strömgren sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraft_break" title="Kraft break">Kraft break</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Star_system" title="Star system">Star systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binary_star" title="Binary star">Binary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contact_binary" title="Contact binary">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_envelope" title="Common envelope">Common envelope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclipsing_binary" class="mw-redirect" title="Eclipsing binary">Eclipsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbiotic_binary" title="Symbiotic binary">Symbiotic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_system#Multiple_star_systems" title="Star system">Multiple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">Cluster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_cluster" title="Open cluster">Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globular_cluster" title="Globular cluster">Globular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_star_cluster" title="Super star cluster">Super</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">Planetary system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Earth-centric observations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse" title="Solar eclipse">Solar eclipse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_radio_emission" title="Solar radio emission">Solar radio emission</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">Sunlight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pole_star" title="Pole star">Pole star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumpolar_star" title="Circumpolar star">Circumpolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asterism_(astronomy)" title="Asterism (astronomy)">Asterism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnitude_(astronomy)" title="Magnitude (astronomy)">Magnitude</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extinction_(astronomy)" title="Extinction (astronomy)">Extinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photographic_magnitude" title="Photographic magnitude">Photographic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_velocity" title="Radial velocity">Radial velocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proper_motion" title="Proper motion">Proper motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_parallax" title="Stellar parallax">Parallax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photometric-standard_star" title="Photometric-standard star">Photometric-standard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_stars" title="Lists of stars">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_proper_names_of_stars" title="List of proper names of stars">Proper names</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arabic_star_names" title="List of Arabic star names">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_star_names" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese star names">Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_star_extremes" title="List of star extremes">Extremes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_massive_stars" title="List of most massive stars">Most massive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hottest_stars" title="List of hottest stars">Highest temperature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_coolest_stars" title="List of coolest stars">Lowest temperature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_known_stars" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest known stars">Largest volume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_smallest_known_stars" title="List of smallest known stars">Smallest volume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brightest_stars" title="List of brightest stars">Brightest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_brightest_stars" title="Historical brightest stars">Historical brightest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_luminous_stars" title="List of most luminous stars">Most luminous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars" title="List of nearest stars">Nearest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_bright_stars" title="List of nearest bright stars">bright</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_most_distant_astronomical_objects#List_of_most_distant_objects_by_type" title="List of the most distant astronomical objects">Most distant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stars_with_resolved_images" title="List of stars with resolved images">With resolved images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multiplanetary_systems" title="List of multiplanetary systems">With multiple exoplanets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_brown_dwarfs" title="List of brown dwarfs">Brown dwarfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_red_dwarfs" title="List of red dwarfs">Red dwarfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_white_dwarfs" title="List of white dwarfs">White dwarfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_novae_in_the_Milky_Way_galaxy" title="List of novae in the Milky Way galaxy">Milky Way novae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_supernovae" title="List of supernovae">Supernovae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_supernova_candidates" title="List of supernova candidates">Candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_supernova_remnants" title="List of supernova remnants">Remnants</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_planetary_nebulae" title="List of planetary nebulae">Planetary nebulae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_stellar_astronomy" title="Timeline of stellar astronomy">Timeline of stellar astronomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Substellar_object" title="Substellar object">Substellar object</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">Brown dwarf</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown-dwarf_desert" title="Brown-dwarf desert">Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-brown_dwarf" title="Sub-brown dwarf">Sub</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">Planet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_year" title="Galactic year">Galactic year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guest_star_(astronomy)" title="Guest star (astronomy)">Guest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">Gravity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_star" title="Intergalactic star">Intergalactic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet-hosting_stars" class="mw-redirect" title="Planet-hosting stars">Planet-hosting stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidal_disruption_event" title="Tidal disruption event">Tidal disruption event</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Stars" title="Category:Stars">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:He1523a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/14px-He1523a.jpg" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/21px-He1523a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/28px-He1523a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="207" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars" title="Portal:Stars">Stars portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Solar_System_models" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Solar System models"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Solar_System_models" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Solar_System_model" title="Solar System model">Solar System models</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism" title="Antikythera mechanism">Antikythera mechanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armillary_sphere" title="Armillary sphere">Armillary sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrarium" title="Astrarium">Astrarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_clock" title="Astronomical clock">Astronomical clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orrery" title="Orrery">Orrery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eise_Eisinga_Planetarium" title="Eise Eisinga Planetarium">Eise Eisinga Planetarium</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellurion" title="Tellurion">Tellurion</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:SaganWalk.0.Sun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e4/SaganWalk.0.Sun.jpg/70px-SaganWalk.0.Sun.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e4/SaganWalk.0.Sun.jpg/105px-SaganWalk.0.Sun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e4/SaganWalk.0.Sun.jpg/140px-SaganWalk.0.Sun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akaa_Solar_System_Scale_Model" title="Akaa Solar System Scale Model">Akaa Solar System Scale Model</a> (Akaa, Finland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_Discovery_Centre" title="Gravity Discovery Centre">Gravity Discovery Centre</a> (Gingin, Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kystagerparken" title="Kystagerparken">Kystagerparken</a> (Hvidovre, Denmark)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Sun" title="Monument to the Sun">Monument to the Sun</a> (Zadar, Croatia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Views" title="Nine Views">Nine Views</a> (Zagreb, Croatia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajam%C3%A4ki_Solar_System_Scale_Model" title="Pajamäki Solar System Scale Model">Pajamäki Solar System Scale Model</a> (Helsinki and Espoo, Finland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planet_Lofoten" title="Planet Lofoten">Planet Lofoten</a> (Lofoten, Norway)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagan_Planet_Walk" title="Sagan Planet Walk">Sagan Planet Walk</a> (Ithaca, New York)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset_Space_Walk" title="Somerset Space Walk">Somerset Space Walk</a> (Somerset, England)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden_Solar_System" title="Sweden Solar System">Sweden Solar System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkhill_Astronomical_Pillar" title="Kirkhill Astronomical Pillar">Kirkhill Astronomical Pillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_models_of_the_Solar_System" title="Historical models of the Solar System">Historical models of the Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numerical_model_of_the_Solar_System" title="Numerical model of the Solar System">Numerical model of the Solar System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style 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.portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/29px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/38px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/19px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/29px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png/38px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17_with_transparent_background.png 2x" data-file-width="2790" data-file-height="2776" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Earth_sciences" title="Portal:Earth sciences">Earth sciences</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:He1523a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/16px-He1523a.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/25px-He1523a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/He1523a.jpg/33px-He1523a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="207" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Stars" title="Portal:Stars">Stars</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/19px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" 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