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aria-expanded='false'> <i class='bi bi-search'></i> </a> <div class='dropdown-menu mt-n1 w-100' aria-labelledby='search'> <form class='form-inline container p-3' action='/search/' method='get'> <input class='form-control search w-75' type='text' placeholder='Search' aria-label='Search' name='q' value=''> <button class='btn btn-primary' type='submit' name='submit'> Search</button> </form> </div> </span> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <main class="main_1135"> <div class='container head-default'><div class='mt-5 text-center'><nav class='breadcrumbs mb-2'><small><span class='breadcrumb-item'><a href='/about/'>Organization</a></span><span class='breadcrumb-item'><a href='/about/working-groups/'>Working Groups</a></span></small></nav><h1>Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme</h1></div></div><div class='submenu bg-light' id='submenu'><h5><a href='/about/working-groups/'>Working Groups</a></h5><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/working-groups/acap/' class=''>Arctic Contaminants Action Program</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/working-groups/amap/' class='current'>Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/working-groups/caff/' class=''>Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/working-groups/eppr/' class=''>Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/working-groups/pame/' class=''>Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/working-groups/sdwg/' class=''>Sustainable Development Working Group</a></div></div> <section class='border-bottom container pb-5'> <div class='row'> <div class='col-9 textblock'> <h3 style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Quick Facts</h3> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;"><strong>Primary Focus</strong><br /> Measuring and monitoring pollutants and climate change effects on ecosystems and human health in the Arctic</p> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;"><strong>Establishment</strong><br /> 1991</p> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;"><strong>Current Chair</strong><br /> Canada</p> <a href='http://amap.no' class='btn btn-primary'>Visit website</a> </div> <div class='col-3'> <a href='http://amap.no'><img src='/site/assets/files/1135/amap-sq.png' class='img-fluid' alt=''/></a> </div> </div> </section> <section class='block block_text bg-transparent'> <div class='container'> <div class='row justify-content-center'><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent depth-1'> <div class='textblock'><h2>About AMAP</h2> <p>The AMAP Working Group is composed of Arctic States and Permanent Participants together with representatives of Observer countries and organizations. AMAP scientific assessment work is accomplished through expert groups established by AMAP.</p> <h3>Main tasks</h3> <ul> <li>Documenting trends and effects of pollutants</li> <li>Documenting sources and pathways of pollutants</li> <li>Documenting trends in key climate indicators and their environmental implications</li> <li>Examining the impact of pollution and climate change on Arctic ecosystems and people, including health of Arctic Indigenous peoples and other residents</li> <li>Reporting on the state of the Arctic Environment with respect to climate and pollution issues</li> <li>Giving advice to Ministers on priority actions needed to improve Arctic conditions</li> </ul> <p>AMAP also supports international processes that work to reduce the global threats from contaminants and climate change. These include the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the UN-Environment Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and Minamata Convention on mercury, and the United Nation's Economic Commission for Europe (UN ECE) Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution.<br /> AMAP Heads of Delegation meet in plenary twice a year to discuss priorities and projects identified in the work plan; at least one of these events is a full Working Group meeting.</p> <h3>AMAP’s Work</h3> <p>AMAP’s priorities include the following contaminant and climate-related issues:</p> <ul> <li>Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and chemicals of emerging Arctic concern (CEC)</li> <li>Heavy metals, with a particular focus on mercury</li> <li>Short-lived climate forcers and air pollutants</li> <li>Radioactivity</li> <li>Plastics and micro-plastics</li> <li>Key climate indicators related to the cryosphere (sea and land ice, snow, permafrost and more)</li> <li>Meteorology (including extreme weather events and teleconnections with other regions)</li> <li>Environmental and ecosystem consequences in the Arctic resulting from global climate change (including ocean acidification)</li> <li>Effects of pollution and climate change on the health of humans living in the Arctic</li> <li>Combined effects of pollutants and other stressors on both ecosystems and humans</li> </ul> <h3>Expert Groups</h3> <ul> <li>AMAP Climate Expert Group</li> <li>AMAP Expert Group on Litter and Microplastics</li> <li>AMAP Expert Group on Mercury</li> <li>AMAP Expert Group on Persistent Organic Pollutants</li> <li>AMAP Expert Group on Radioactivity</li> <li>AMAP Expert Group on Short-Lived Climate Pollutants</li> <li>AMAP Human Health Assessment Group</li> </ul></div> </div></div><div class='col-md-3'> <div class='mb-3 p-4'> <img src='/site/assets/files/3133/sarahkalhokbourque_-_headshot.360x360.jpg' alt='Sarah Kalhok Bourque' loading='lazy' class='img-fluid mb-3 rounded-circle'> <h5>Sarah Kalhok Bourque</h5> <em>AMAP Chair</em> <div><a href='mailto:sarah.kalhok@rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca'>Email</a> </div><p class='small'><h5>Rolf Rødven</h5> <p><em>Executive Secretary</em><br /> <a href="mailto:rolf.rodven@amap.no">Email</a></p> <h5>AMAP Secretariat</h5> <p><a href="mailto:amap@amap.no">Email</a><br /> +47 21 08 04 80</p></p><div><a href='http://facebook.com/AMAPSecretariat'><i class='bi bi-facebook'></i> AMAPSecretariat</a></div> </div></div></div></div></section><section class='block block_projects bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><section><h3 class='text-center'>Featured AMAP projects</h3><section class='recommended mb-5'> <div class='row justify-content-center'><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/3700/bgjo_p7y.480x480.jpeg)'><a href='/projects/saon/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks (SAON)</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/4464/istock-1044899528_sodar99.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/arctic-marine-microplastics-and-litter/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Arctic Marine Microplastics and Litter</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/5550/istock-1206825923.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/contaminant-issues-pops-and-mercury/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Contaminant issues: POPs and mercury</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/5726/photo_of_neal.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/climate-cryosphere-meteorology-ecosystem/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Climate Issues: Cryosphere, meteorology, ecosystem impacts</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/2901/map_background-01-01.480x480.png)'><a href='/projects/understanding-climate-change-impacts-on-arctic-ecosystems-and-associated-climate-feedbacks/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Understanding climate change impacts on Arctic ecosystems and associated climate feedbacks</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/7065/permafrost_erosion_usgs_-_m__torre_jorgenson.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/biosecurity-in-the-arctic/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Biosecurity in the Arctic</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/2901/map_background-01-01.480x480.png)'><a href='/projects/addressing-contaminants-and-human-health-issues/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Addressing Contaminants and Human Health Issues</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/7918/smoking-chimneys--yellowknife_-182409526_4256x2832.480x480.jpeg)'><a href='/projects/air-pollution-with-a-focus-on-short-lived-climate-forcers-slcfs/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Air pollution, with a focus on short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs)</h5> </div></a> </div> </div> <div class='row text-center collapser'> <a data-toggle='collapse' role='button' href='#collapse_61482' class='btn btn-dark col mt-2 '><span class='d-none'>toggle</span></a> </div> <div class='collapse row' id='collapse_61482'><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/7926/my-post-6.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/radioactivity-in-the-arctic/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Radioactivity in the Arctic</h5> </div></a> </div></div> </div> </section></section></div></section><section class='block block_pubthumbs bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><h3><a href='https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/communities/1833b14e-bc77-41d0-a45e-1e58c3c8079c'>AMAP Publications</a></h3><div class='row'><div class='col-6 col-md-2'> <a href='https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/items/748b2cf7-3f0d-46aa-9e96-541a09d8fb88' class='d-block'> <img src = 'https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/caa54c4e-003e-42f6-89bb-f4f46f8d73a0/content' class='border w-100' alt='thumb'> </a> <small>POPs And Chemicals of Emerging Arctic Concern - Summary for Policymakers</small> </div><div class='col-6 col-md-2'> <a href='https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/items/8d05d97d-5c43-460a-8579-f3b6cb09aa7f' class='d-block'> <img src = 'https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/16c4477b-6b7a-48a0-9f37-1320343ca9dc/content' class='border w-100' alt='thumb'> </a> <small>Overview of AMAP Initiatives for Monitoring and Assessment of Plastic Pollution in the Arctic</small> </div><div class='col-6 col-md-2'> <a href='https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/items/63a9442e-eb5a-4a3c-84e3-30e909c28316' class='d-block'> <img src = 'https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/618a691c-3e07-4412-bd7f-c82ce89476ab/content' class='border w-100' alt='thumb'> </a> <small>AMAP Litter and Microplastics Monitoring Plan</small> </div><div class='col-6 col-md-2'> <a href='https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/items/65144a0f-ce28-4628-b93d-bea4d7e9b485' class='d-block'> <img src = 'https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/c9a06565-bb4a-43f8-bd70-4c6583c89b28/content' class='border w-100' alt='thumb'> </a> <small>2021 AMAP Mercury Assessment - Summary for Policymakers</small> </div><div class='col-6 col-md-2'> <a href='https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/items/093e649d-ba18-4703-9397-eaec8f4de428' class='d-block'> <img src = 'https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/2fc85b7a-b631-445d-83f0-a3b30634eaf9/content' class='border w-100' alt='thumb'> </a> <small>Impacts of Short-lived Climate Forcers on Arctic Climate, Air Quality and Human Health. Summary for Policy Makers</small> </div><div class='col-6 col-md-2'> <a href='https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/items/3ef8efb4-9ac0-4fa5-8a18-11387c4f6fbf' class='d-block'> <img src = 'https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/8bab36e1-04b4-4135-a3f8-c012d08bea08/content' class='border w-100' alt='thumb'> </a> <small>Arctic Climate Change Update 2021: Key Trends and Impacts - Summary for Policy-makers</small> </div></div></div></section><section class='block block_news bg-transparent'> <div class='container'> <div class='row justify-content-center'><div class='col-md'><h3>AMAP news</h3><div class='row mb-5 '> <div class='col-md-4 pr-2'><a href='https://arctic-council.org/news/a-message-from-the-frozen-world-to-global-leaders-at-cop29/' class='point-tr'><picture> <source srcset='/site/assets/files/13480/press_release_cop29-2.480x350.webp' type='image/webp'> <source srcset='/site/assets/files/13480/press_release_cop29-2.480x350.png' type='image/jpeg'><img src='/site/assets/files/13480/press_release_cop29-2.480x350.png' class='img-fluid' alt='' title=' © ACS' loading='lazy' /></picture></a></div> <div class ='col-md-8 px-4'> <h4><a href='https://arctic-council.org/news/a-message-from-the-frozen-world-to-global-leaders-at-cop29/'>A message from the Frozen World to Global Leaders at COP29</a></h4>High-level side event to highlight global consequences of cryosphere change at the UNFCCC climate conference<div class='small text-muted mt-2'>12 Nov 2024</div> </div> </div><div class='row mb-5 '> <div class='col-md-4 pr-2'><a href='https://arctic-council.org/news/4-facts-about-sea-level-rise/' class='point-tr'><picture> <source srcset='/site/assets/files/13410/sea_level_rise_maryland_jbox.480x350.webp' type='image/webp'> <source srcset='/site/assets/files/13410/sea_level_rise_maryland_jbox.480x350.jpg' type='image/jpeg'><img src='/site/assets/files/13410/sea_level_rise_maryland_jbox.480x350.jpg' class='img-fluid' alt='Storm surge Maryland, USA' title='Storm surge Maryland, USA © Jason Box' loading='lazy' /></picture></a></div> <div class ='col-md-8 px-4'> <h4><a href='https://arctic-council.org/news/4-facts-about-sea-level-rise/'>4 facts about sea level rise</a></h4>How melting ice in the Arctic will affect coastal communities globally and some cities already experience coastal inundation today<div class='small text-muted mt-2'>06 Nov 2024</div> </div> </div><div class='row mb-5 '> <div class='col-md-4 pr-2'><a href='https://arctic-council.org/news/6-facts-about-pfas-and-arctic-councils-efforts-to-address-threats-posed-by-them/' class='point-tr'><picture> <source srcset='/site/assets/files/12825/fire_afff_shutterstock.480x350.webp' type='image/webp'> <source srcset='/site/assets/files/12825/fire_afff_shutterstock.480x350.png' type='image/jpeg'><img src='/site/assets/files/12825/fire_afff_shutterstock.480x350.png' class='img-fluid' alt='' title=' © Shutterstock' loading='lazy' /></picture></a></div> <div class ='col-md-8 px-4'> <h4><a href='https://arctic-council.org/news/6-facts-about-pfas-and-arctic-councils-efforts-to-address-threats-posed-by-them/'>6 facts about PFAS and Arctic Council efforts to address threats posed by them</a></h4><div class='small text-muted mt-2'>05 Jul 2024</div> </div> </div><a href='/news/amap' class='btn btn-primary mb-5 seeall'>See all</a></div></main> <footer class="bg-dark"> <section class='block block_social bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><div class='bg-transparent'><h3>Follow the Arctic Council</h3><div class='social'><div class='text-center d-inline-block'> <div class=' mb-3'> <a href='http://twitter.com/arcticcouncil'> <i aria-hidden='true' class='bi bi-twitter h3' title='twitter'></i> <span class='mr-4'>twitter<span> </a> </div></div><div class='text-center d-inline-block'> <div class=' mb-3'> <a href='http://facebook.com/arcticcouncil'> <i aria-hidden='true' class='bi bi-facebook h3' title='facebook'></i> <span class='mr-4'>facebook<span> </a> 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class='container'> <div class='row justify-content-center'><div class='col-md-3'><div class='bg-transparent depth-2'> <div class='textblock'><h3>Contact us</h3> <p><strong>Arctic Council Secretariat</strong><br /> Fram Centre<br /> Postboks 6606 Stakkevollan<br /> 9296 Tromsø<br /> Norway<br /> <a href="mailto:acs@arctic-council.org">acs@arctic-council.org</a><br /> <a href="/contact/">Contact staff members</a></p></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><h3 class='pt-3'>Get Arctic updates</h3> <form action="https://arctic-council.us11.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=274ca09fc8d82dc42a5dfad22&id=155caa8912" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate form-inline" target="_blank" novalidate> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll" class="form-row pb-3"> <div class="col-md-8"> <label for "EMAIL" class="d-none">Email address</label> <input type="email" value="" name="EMAIL" class="email form-control w-100" id="mce-EMAIL" placeholder="email 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Cooperation (2017)</a></p> <p><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/529">Agreement on Cooperation on Marine Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response in the Arctic (2013)</a></p> <p><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/531">Agreement on Cooperation on Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic (2011)</a></p> <p><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/85">Ottawa Declaration (1996)</a></p></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent p-4 depth1'> <div class=''></div> <div class='listContainer list-about plain'><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/states/'>Arctic States</a> <p class='list-summary'>The eight Arctic states are permanent members of the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/permanent-participants/'>Permanent Participants</a> <p class='list-summary'>Out of a total of 4 million inhabitants of the Arctic, approximately 500,000 belong to Indigenous Peoples. Indigenous Peoples’ organizations have been granted Permanent Participants status in the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/working-groups/'>Working Groups</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Council's activities are conducted in six Working Groups.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/task-expert/'>Task forces and expert groups</a> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/observers/'>Observers</a> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/secretariat/'>Arctic Council Secretariat</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic Council Secretariat (ACS) supports the Chair of the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/indigenous-peoples-secretariat/'>Indigenous Peoples' Secretariat</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Indigenous Peoples' Secretariat (IPS) provides support for the Permanent Participants, the groups representing Arctic Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/norway-chair-2/'>Norway's Chairship, 2023-2025</a> <p class='list-summary'>Stability and constructive cooperation in the Arctic</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/previous-chairmanships/'>All Chairmanships</a> <p class='list-summary'>All Arctic Council Chairmanships, meetings and documents.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/timeline/'>History</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic Council turned 25 in 2021! Learn more with this timeline of our history.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/jobs/'>Jobs</a> </div> </div></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent p-4 depth1'> <div class=''></div> <div class='listContainer list-work plain'><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/cooperation/'>Agreements and cooperation</a> <p class='list-summary'>The establishment of the Arctic Council was considered an important milestone enhancing cooperation in the circumpolar North. In the Ottawa Declaration, the eight Arctic States established the Council as a high-level forum to provide means for promoting cooperation, coordination and interaction among the Arctic States – including the full consultation and full involvement of Arctic Indigenous communities and other Arctic inhabitants.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/arctic-knowledge/'>Data and knowledge</a> <p class='list-summary'>At any given time the Council’s subsidiary bodies – the Working and Expert Groups – are engaged in close to 100 projects and initiatives.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/monitoring/'>Monitoring</a> <p class='list-summary'>As the Arctic continues to experience a period of intense and accelerating change it has become increasingly important to have better information on the status and trends of the Arctic environment.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/assessments/'>Assessments</a> <p class='list-summary'>Through the ever-growing body of assessments produced by its six Working Groups, the Arctic Council serves as knowledge broker and global advocate for Arctic topics. The Working Groups’ assessments have been instrumental in bringing Arctic issues to a global arena through policy recommendations and international cooperation.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/policy-recommendations/'>Recommendations</a> <p class='list-summary'>The strong knowledge base produced by the Arctic Council’s Working Groups and other subsidiary bodies feeds into recommendations for informed decision-making.</p> </div> </div></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent p-4 depth1'> <div class=''></div> <div class='listContainer list-topics plain'><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/arctic-peoples/'>Arctic Peoples</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic is home to almost four million people today – Indigenous people, more recent arrivals, hunters and herders living on the land, and city dwellers.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/biodiversity/'>Biodiversity</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic is home to more than 21,000 known species of highly cold-adapted mammals, birds, fish, invertebrates, plants and fungi and microbes.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/climate/'>Climate</a> <p class='list-summary'>The temperatures in the Arctic continue to rise at three times the global annual average.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/ocean/'>Ocean</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic States hold a responsibility to safeguard the future development of the region and to develop models for stewardship of the marine environment.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/pollutants/'>Pollutants</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic environment carries the traces of human-induced pollution – from soot to plastics, from methane to pesticides.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/emergency/'>Emergencies</a> <p class='list-summary'>Harsh conditions and limited infrastructure in much of the Arctic increase risks and impacts and hinder response activities.</p> </div> </div></div> </div></div></div></div></section><section class='block block_code bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><div class="text-center"> <small> © <script type="text/javascript">document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> Arctic Council Secretariat | <a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy policy and disclaimers</a> </small> </div></div></section> </footer>  <div class="bg-secondary p-3 cookie-banner" style="display: none"> We use cookies to save your language preference and better understand how visitors use the site. 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