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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Origins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nara_and_Heian_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nara_and_Heian_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Nara and Heian periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nara_and_Heian_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kamakura_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kamakura_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Kamakura period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kamakura_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edo_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edo_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Edo period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edo_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meiji_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meiji_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Meiji period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meiji_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Wards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cityscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cityscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Cityscape</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Major_companies_and_institutes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_companies_and_institutes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Major companies and institutes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_companies_and_institutes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ropeway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ropeway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Ropeway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ropeway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maritime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maritime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Maritime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maritime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kobe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 110 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-110" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">110 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%87" title="كوبه – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوبه" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%8C_%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%82%D9%88" title="کوبه، هیوقو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوبه، هیوقو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kob%C3%A9" title="Kobé – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kobé" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87" title="কৌবে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কৌবে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4be-chh%C4%AB" title="Kôbe-chhī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kôbe-chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8D" title="Кобэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кобэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8D" title="Кобэ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кобэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe_(kapital_sa_prepektura)" title="Kobe (kapital sa prepektura) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kobe (kapital sa prepektura)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3be" title="Kóbe – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kóbe" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5" title="Κόμπε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κόμπε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobeo" title="Kobeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kobeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%87_(%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1)" title="کوبه (شهر) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوبه (شهر)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%B2%A0%EC%8B%9C" title="고베시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고베시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5" title="Կոբե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոբե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="कोबे – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कोबे" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Kobe" title="Kota Kobe – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kota Kobe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%94_(%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F)" title="קובה (יפן) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קובה (יפן)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94" title="კობე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კობე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe,_Hyogo" title="Kobe, Hyogo – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kobe, Hyogo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kob%C4%97" title="Kobė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kobė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe_japan" title="Kobe japan – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Kobe japan" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3be" title="Kóbe – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kóbe" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86" title="കോബെ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കോബെ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="कोबे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कोबे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%87" title="كوبه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كوبه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%87" title="کوبه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کوبه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8D" title="Кобэ – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кобэ" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ကိုးဘေးမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကိုးဘေးမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82" title="神戸市 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="神戸市" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%87" title="ਕੋਬੇ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੋਬੇ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%92" title="کوبے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کوبے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5" title="Κόμπε – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Κόμπε" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kobe, Hyōgo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kobe, Hyōgo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3be" title="Kóbe – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kóbe" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8E" title="کۆبێ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆبێ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87" title="கோபே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோபே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B0" title="โคเบะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โคเบะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5" title="Кобе – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кобе" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%92" title="کوبے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کوبے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe_(lidn)" title="Kobe (lidn) – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kobe (lidn)" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" title="Kōbe – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kōbe" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B6%E5%B8%82" title="神戶市 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="神戶市" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobe" title="Kobe – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kobe" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B7%E5%B8%82" title="神户市 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="神户市" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B6" title="神戶 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="神戶" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B7%E5%B8%82" title="神户市 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="神户市" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Kobe&id=1282959754&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKobe"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKobe"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a 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hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q48320" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kobe&params=34_41_24_N_135_11_44_E_type:city(1545410)_region:JP-28"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°41′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">135°11′44″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.69000°N 135.19556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">34.69000; 135.19556</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in the Kansai region, Japan</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Japan. For the basketball player, see <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Bryant" title="Kobe Bryant">Kobe Bryant</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kobe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kobe (disambiguation)">Kobe (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Designated city in Kansai, Japan</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Kobe</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">神戸市</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated city</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Kobe City</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="border:1;;height:233px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Port_Tower_and_Maritime_Museum,_November_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Port of Kobe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Kobe_Port_Tower_and_Maritime_Museum%2C_November_2016.jpg/330px-Kobe_Port_Tower_and_Maritime_Museum%2C_November_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Kobe_Port_Tower_and_Maritime_Museum%2C_November_2016.jpg/500px-Kobe_Port_Tower_and_Maritime_Museum%2C_November_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Kobe_Port_Tower_and_Maritime_Museum%2C_November_2016.jpg/960px-Kobe_Port_Tower_and_Maritime_Museum%2C_November_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3492" data-file-height="3045" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:194px;max-width:194px"><div style="border:1;;height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_old_settlement_hall_of_no15_01_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Old Kobe Residency 15th Hall (The Former American Consulate in Kobe)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_old_settlement_hall_of_no15_01_1920.jpg/250px-The_old_settlement_hall_of_no15_01_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_old_settlement_hall_of_no15_01_1920.jpg/330px-The_old_settlement_hall_of_no15_01_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_old_settlement_hall_of_no15_01_1920.jpg/500px-The_old_settlement_hall_of_no15_01_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:74px;max-width:74px"><div style="border:1;;height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyogo_prefectural_museum_of_art08s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Hyogo_prefectural_museum_of_art08s3200.jpg/120px-Hyogo_prefectural_museum_of_art08s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Hyogo_prefectural_museum_of_art08s3200.jpg/250px-Hyogo_prefectural_museum_of_art08s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2860" data-file-height="4290" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:89px;max-width:89px"><div style="border:1;;height:116px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chang%27an_gate_(Nankinmachi,_Kobe).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Nankin-machi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Chang%27an_gate_%28Nankinmachi%2C_Kobe%29.jpg/87px-Chang%27an_gate_%28Nankinmachi%2C_Kobe%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Chang%27an_gate_%28Nankinmachi%2C_Kobe%29.jpg/131px-Chang%27an_gate_%28Nankinmachi%2C_Kobe%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Chang%27an_gate_%28Nankinmachi%2C_Kobe%29.jpg/174px-Chang%27an_gate_%28Nankinmachi%2C_Kobe%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:179px;max-width:179px"><div style="border:1;;height:116px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikuta_Shrine_201208.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ikuta Shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Ikuta_Shrine_201208.JPG/250px-Ikuta_Shrine_201208.JPG" decoding="async" width="177" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Ikuta_Shrine_201208.JPG/330px-Ikuta_Shrine_201208.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Ikuta_Shrine_201208.JPG/500px-Ikuta_Shrine_201208.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1313" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="border:1;;height:150px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Former Thomas House" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg/268px-Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg/402px-Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg/536px-Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1584" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">From top left: <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Port_Tower" title="Kobe Port Tower">Kobe Port Tower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Maritime_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe Maritime Museum">Kobe Maritime Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Meriken_Park" title="Meriken Park">Meriken Park</a>, <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E5%B1%85%E7%95%99%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%95%AA%E9%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="ja:旧居留地十五番館">Old Kobe Residency 15th Hall</a> (the former American consulate in Kobe) of the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_foreign_settlement" title="Kobe foreign settlement">Kobe foreign settlement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefectural_Museum_of_Art" title="Hyōgo Prefectural Museum of Art">Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chinatown" title="Chinatown">Chinatown</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nankin-machi" title="Nankin-machi">Nankin-machi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikuta_Shrine" title="Ikuta Shrine">Ikuta Shrine</a>, and a view from <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82%E9%A2%A8%E8%A6%8B%E9%B6%8F%E3%81%AE%E9%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="ja:神戸市風見鶏の館">Kobe Weathervane House</a> (the former Thomas House) of <a href="/wiki/Kitano-ch%C5%8D" title="Kitano-chō">Kitano-cho</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kobe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kobe"><img alt="Flag of Kobe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Kobe.svg/100px-Flag_of_Kobe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Kobe.svg/150px-Flag_of_Kobe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Kobe.svg/200px-Flag_of_Kobe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Kobe,_Hyogo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Kobe"><img alt="Official seal of Kobe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Emblem_of_Kobe%2C_Hyogo.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Kobe%2C_Hyogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Emblem_of_Kobe%2C_Hyogo.svg/250px-Emblem_of_Kobe%2C_Hyogo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 300px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-zoom="9" data-lat="34.690166666667" data-lon="135.19544444444" data-overlays="["_33cf005463c29ee65ffd3d78b839dacf047aeaeb"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/9/34.690166666667/135.19544444444/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,34.690166666667,135.19544444444,300x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kobe&revid=1282959754&groups=_33cf005463c29ee65ffd3d78b839dacf047aeaeb" width="300" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,34.690166666667,135.19544444444,300x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Kobe&revid=1282959754&groups=_33cf005463c29ee65ffd3d78b839dacf047aeaeb 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map outlining Kobe</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_in_Hyogo_Prefecture_Ja.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Kobe_in_Hyogo_Prefecture_Ja.svg/330px-Kobe_in_Hyogo_Prefecture_Ja.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="429" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Kobe_in_Hyogo_Prefecture_Ja.svg/500px-Kobe_in_Hyogo_Prefecture_Ja.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Kobe_in_Hyogo_Prefecture_Ja.svg/580px-Kobe_in_Hyogo_Prefecture_Ja.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="770" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ad4ce6; color:black;"> </span> Location of Kobe in <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo Prefecture</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe is located in Japan"><img alt="Kobe is located in Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/300px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/450px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg/600px-Japan_location_map_with_side_map_of_the_Ryukyu_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="373" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:70.518%;left:33.074%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kobe"><img alt="Kobe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Kobe</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Kobe&params=34_41_24_N_135_11_44_E_type:city(1545410)_region:JP-28"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°41′24″N</span> <span class="longitude">135°11′44″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.69000°N 135.19556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">34.69000; 135.19556</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Japan">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kansai</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">Prefecture</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo Prefecture</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First official record</th><td class="infobox-data">201 AD</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City Status</th><td class="infobox-data">April 1, 1889</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kiz%C5%8D_Hisamoto" title="Kizō Hisamoto">Kizō Hisamoto</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">557.02 km<sup>2</sup> (215.07 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(June 1, 2021)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated city</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,522,188 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_cities_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Japanese cities by population">7th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (2015)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,419,973 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Japan_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of metropolitan areas in Japan by population">6th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B9" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+9">UTC+9</a> (<a href="/wiki/Japan_Standard_Time" title="Japan Standard Time">Japan Standard Time</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Phone number</th><td class="infobox-data">078-331-8181</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data">6-5-1 Kano-chō, Chūō-ku, Kōbe-shi, Hyōgo-ken<br />650-8570</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Climate</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">Cfa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.city.kobe.lg.jp/foreignlanguage/index.html">City of Kobe</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1141396924">.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-center{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-title{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols .infobox-subheader{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cddeff}.mw-parser-output .ib-region-symbols-island{font-weight:bold;background-color:#cef2e0}</style></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Symbols</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="height:0px"></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Flower</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hydrangea" title="Hydrangea">Hydrangea</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tree</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Camellia_sasanqua" title="Camellia sasanqua">Camellia sasanqua</a></i></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Kobe</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_(Chinese_characters).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Kobe_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/120px-Kobe_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Kobe_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/250px-Kobe_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="369" data-file-height="199" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">"Kobe" in new-style (<i><a href="/wiki/Shinjitai" title="Shinjitai">shinjitai</a></i>) <i><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">kanji</a></i></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Japanese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABjitai" title="Kyūjitai">Kyūjitai</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">神戶</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shinjitai" title="Shinjitai">Shinjitai</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">神戸</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ja-Latn">Kōbe</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kobe</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KOH</span>-bay</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">神戸</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kōbe</i></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ja-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Japanese" title="Help:IPA/Japanese">[koꜜːbe]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a6\/TomJ-Kobe.ogg\/TomJ-Kobe.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"TomJ-Kobe.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/TomJ-Kobe.ogg/TomJ-Kobe.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:TomJ-Kobe.ogg" title="File:TomJ-Kobe.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>), officially <b>Kobe City</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">神戸市</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kōbe-shi</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span>, is the capital city of <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo Prefecture</a>, Japan. With a population of around 1.5 million, Kobe is Japan's <a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_cities_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Japanese cities by population">seventh-largest city</a> and the third-largest port city after <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Tokyo" title="Port of Tokyo">Tokyo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Yokohama" title="Port of Yokohama">Yokohama</a>. It is located in the <a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kansai region</a>, which makes up the southern side of the main island of <a href="/wiki/Honshu" title="Honshu">Honshū</a>, on the north shore of <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Bay" title="Osaka Bay">Osaka Bay</a>. It is part of the <a href="/wiki/Keihanshin" title="Keihanshin">Keihanshin</a> metropolitan area along with <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Kobe city centre is located about 35 km (22 mi) west of Osaka and 70 km (43 mi) southwest of Kyoto. </p><p>The earliest written records regarding the region come from the <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Nihon_Shoki" title="Nihon Shoki">Nihon Shoki</a></i></span>, which describes the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Ikuta_Shrine" title="Ikuta Shrine">Ikuta Shrine</a> by <a href="/wiki/Empress_Jing%C5%AB" title="Empress Jingū">Empress Jingū</a> in AD 201.<sup id="cite_ref-ikutahistory_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ikutahistory-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kobecityinfo_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kobecityinfo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For most of its history, the area was never a single political entity, even during the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokugawa period">Tokugawa period</a>, when the port was controlled directly by the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a>. Kobe did not exist in its current form until its founding in 1889. Its name comes from <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Kanbe</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">神戸</span></span>, an archaic title for supporters of the city's <a href="/wiki/Ikuta_Shrine" title="Ikuta Shrine">Ikuta Shrine</a>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-nagasakiu_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nagasakiu-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kojien_kanbe_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kojien_kanbe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kobe became one of Japan's <a href="/wiki/City_designated_by_government_ordinance" class="mw-redirect" title="City designated by government ordinance">designated cities</a> in 1956. </p><p>Kobe was one of the cities to open for trade with the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a> following the 1853 end of the <a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">policy of seclusion</a> and has retained its cosmopolitan character ever since with a rich architectural heritage dating back to the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a>. While the 1995 <a href="/wiki/Great_Hanshin_earthquake" title="Great Hanshin earthquake">Great Hanshin earthquake</a> diminished some of Kobe's prominence as a port city, it remains Japan's fourth-busiest <a href="/wiki/Container_port" title="Container port">container port</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-busyport2006_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-busyport2006-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Companies headquartered in Kobe include <a href="/wiki/ASICS" class="mw-redirect" title="ASICS">ASICS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_Heavy_Industries" title="Kawasaki Heavy Industries">Kawasaki Heavy Industries</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Steel" title="Kobe Steel">Kobe Steel</a>, while over 100 international corporations have their Asian or Japanese headquarters in the city, including <a href="/wiki/Eli_Lilly_and_Company" title="Eli Lilly and Company">Eli Lilly and Company</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boehringer_Ingelheim" title="Boehringer Ingelheim">Boehringer Ingelheim</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-foreign_hq_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreign_hq-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-companyhq_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-companyhq-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is the point of origin and namesake of <a href="/wiki/Kobe_beef" title="Kobe beef">Kobe beef</a>, the home of <a href="/wiki/Kobe_University" title="Kobe University">Kobe University</a>, and the site of one of Japan's most famous <a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">hot spring</a> resorts, <a href="/wiki/Arima_Onsen" title="Arima Onsen">Arima Onsen</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Kobe" title="Timeline of Kobe">Timeline of Kobe</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tools found in western Kobe demonstrate the area was populated at least from the <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_period" title="Jōmon period">Jōmon period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oldkobehistory_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldkobehistory-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The natural geography of the area, particularly of Wada Cape in <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo-ku,_Kobe" title="Hyōgo-ku, Kobe">Hyōgo-ku</a>, led to the development of a port, which would remain the economic center of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-hyogotsu_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hyogotsu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the earliest written documents mentioning the region include the <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Nihon_Shoki" title="Nihon Shoki">Nihon Shoki</a></i></span>, which describes the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Ikuta_Shrine" title="Ikuta Shrine">Ikuta Shrine</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jing%C5%AB_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jingū of Japan">Empress Jingū</a> in AD 201.<sup id="cite_ref-ikutahistory_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ikutahistory-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align: center;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ikuta_Shrine,_Kobe_City;_April_2017_(04).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ikuta Shrine"><img alt="Ikuta Shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ikuta_Shrine%2C_Kobe_City%3B_April_2017_%2804%29.jpg/248px-Ikuta_Shrine%2C_Kobe_City%3B_April_2017_%2804%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ikuta_Shrine%2C_Kobe_City%3B_April_2017_%2804%29.jpg/372px-Ikuta_Shrine%2C_Kobe_City%3B_April_2017_%2804%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Ikuta_Shrine%2C_Kobe_City%3B_April_2017_%2804%29.jpg/495px-Ikuta_Shrine%2C_Kobe_City%3B_April_2017_%2804%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ikuta_Shrine" title="Ikuta Shrine">Ikuta Shrine</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 198px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 196px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nagata_Jinja_Kobe_Torii.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nagata Shrine"><img alt="Nagata Shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Nagata_Jinja_Kobe_Torii.jpg/294px-Nagata_Jinja_Kobe_Torii.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Nagata_Jinja_Kobe_Torii.jpg/441px-Nagata_Jinja_Kobe_Torii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Nagata_Jinja_Kobe_Torii.jpg/587px-Nagata_Jinja_Kobe_Torii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nagata_Shrine" title="Nagata Shrine">Nagata Shrine</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 166.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 164.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taisanji31s3872.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taisan-ji. The main hall is a National Treasure of Japan (built in 716)."><img alt="Taisan-ji. The main hall is a National Treasure of Japan (built in 716)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Taisanji31s3872.jpg/247px-Taisanji31s3872.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Taisanji31s3872.jpg/371px-Taisanji31s3872.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Taisanji31s3872.jpg/493px-Taisanji31s3872.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Taisan-ji_(Kobe)" title="Taisan-ji (Kobe)">Taisan-ji</a>. The main hall is a <a href="/wiki/National_Treasures_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Treasures of Japan">National Treasure of Japan</a> (built in 716).</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nara_and_Heian_periods">Nara and Heian periods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Nara and Heian periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Nara_period" title="Nara period">Nara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian periods</a>, the port was known by the name Ōwada Anchorage<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Ōwada-no-tomari</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span> and was one of the ports from which <a href="/wiki/Imperial_embassies_to_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial embassies to China">imperial embassies to China</a> were dispatched.<sup id="cite_ref-kobecityinfo_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kobecityinfo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oldkobehistory_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldkobehistory-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was briefly the <a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Japan" title="Capital of Japan">capital of Japan</a> in 1180, when <a href="/wiki/Taira_no_Kiyomori" title="Taira no Kiyomori">Taira no Kiyomori</a> moved his grandson <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Antoku" title="Emperor Antoku">Emperor Antoku</a> to <a href="/wiki/Fukuhara-ky%C5%8D" title="Fukuhara-kyō">Fukuhara-kyō</a> in present-day Hyōgo-ku.<sup id="cite_ref-oldkobehistory_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldkobehistory-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Emperor returned to Kyoto after about five months.<sup id="cite_ref-kobecityinfo_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kobecityinfo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly thereafter in 1184, the <a href="/wiki/Taira" class="mw-redirect" title="Taira">Taira</a> fortress in Hyōgo-ku and the nearby Ikuta Shrine became the sites of the <a href="/wiki/Genpei_War" title="Genpei War">Genpei War</a> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ichi-no-Tani" title="Battle of Ichi-no-Tani">battle of Ichi-no-Tani</a> between the Taira and <a href="/wiki/Minamoto_clan" title="Minamoto clan">Minamoto clans</a>. The Minamoto prevailed, pushing the Taira further. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align: center;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 120px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 118px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taira_no_Kiyomori_Portrait_by_Fujiwara_Tamenobu_and_Takenobu.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Taira no Kiyomori"><img alt="Taira no Kiyomori" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Taira_no_Kiyomori_Portrait_by_Fujiwara_Tamenobu_and_Takenobu.png/250px-Taira_no_Kiyomori_Portrait_by_Fujiwara_Tamenobu_and_Takenobu.png" decoding="async" width="118" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Taira_no_Kiyomori_Portrait_by_Fujiwara_Tamenobu_and_Takenobu.png/330px-Taira_no_Kiyomori_Portrait_by_Fujiwara_Tamenobu_and_Takenobu.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Taira_no_Kiyomori_Portrait_by_Fujiwara_Tamenobu_and_Takenobu.png/500px-Taira_no_Kiyomori_Portrait_by_Fujiwara_Tamenobu_and_Takenobu.png 2x" data-file-width="1137" data-file-height="1060" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Taira_no_Kiyomori" title="Taira no Kiyomori">Taira no Kiyomori</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yukimi-no-gosho.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marker indicating the former location of Fukuhara-kyō"><img alt="Marker indicating the former location of Fukuhara-kyō" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Yukimi-no-gosho.jpg/250px-Yukimi-no-gosho.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Yukimi-no-gosho.jpg/500px-Yukimi-no-gosho.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Marker indicating the former location of <a href="/wiki/Fukuhara-ky%C5%8D" title="Fukuhara-kyō">Fukuhara-kyō</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Genpei_kassen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Battle of Ichi-no-Tani (Genpei War)"><img alt="Battle of Ichi-no-Tani (Genpei War)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Genpei_kassen.jpg/500px-Genpei_kassen.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Genpei_kassen.jpg/960px-Genpei_kassen.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4904" data-file-height="2032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ichi-no-Tani" title="Battle of Ichi-no-Tani">Battle of Ichi-no-Tani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Genpei_War" title="Genpei War">Genpei War</a>)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kamakura_period">Kamakura period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kamakura period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the port grew during the <a href="/wiki/Kamakura_period" title="Kamakura period">Kamakura period</a>, it became an important hub for trade with China and other countries. In the 13th century, the city came to be known by the name Hyōgo Port<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">兵庫津</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Hyōgo-tsu</i></span>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-hyogotsu_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hyogotsu-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, Hyōgo Port, along with northern Osaka, composed the province of <a href="/wiki/Settsu_Province" title="Settsu Province">Settsu</a> (most of today's Kobe belonged to Settsu except <a href="/wiki/Nishi-ku,_Kobe" title="Nishi-ku, Kobe">Nishi Ward</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tarumi-ku,_Kobe" title="Tarumi-ku, Kobe">Tarumi Ward</a>, which belonged to <a href="/wiki/Harima_Province" title="Harima Province">Harima</a>). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align: center;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yukai_sanjurokkassen_%E5%8B%87%E9%AD%81%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%90%88%E6%88%A6_(Courageous_Leaders_in_Thirty-six_Battles)_(BM_2008,3037.02214).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kusunoki Masashige (Battle of Minatogawa)"><img alt="Kusunoki Masashige (Battle of Minatogawa)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Yukai_sanjurokkassen_%E5%8B%87%E9%AD%81%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%90%88%E6%88%A6_%28Courageous_Leaders_in_Thirty-six_Battles%29_%28BM_2008%2C3037.02214%29.jpg/250px-Yukai_sanjurokkassen_%E5%8B%87%E9%AD%81%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%90%88%E6%88%A6_%28Courageous_Leaders_in_Thirty-six_Battles%29_%28BM_2008%2C3037.02214%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Yukai_sanjurokkassen_%E5%8B%87%E9%AD%81%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%90%88%E6%88%A6_%28Courageous_Leaders_in_Thirty-six_Battles%29_%28BM_2008%2C3037.02214%29.jpg/500px-Yukai_sanjurokkassen_%E5%8B%87%E9%AD%81%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%90%88%E6%88%A6_%28Courageous_Leaders_in_Thirty-six_Battles%29_%28BM_2008%2C3037.02214%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1102" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kusunoki_Masashige" title="Kusunoki Masashige">Kusunoki Masashige</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Minatogawa" title="Battle of Minatogawa">Battle of Minatogawa</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Minatogawa-jinja_shinmon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Minatogawa Shrine"><img alt="Minatogawa Shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Minatogawa-jinja_shinmon.jpg/220px-Minatogawa-jinja_shinmon.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Minatogawa-jinja_shinmon.jpg/331px-Minatogawa-jinja_shinmon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Minatogawa-jinja_shinmon.jpg/440px-Minatogawa-jinja_shinmon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Minatogawa_Shrine" title="Minatogawa Shrine">Minatogawa Shrine</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edo_period">Edo period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Edo period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Later, during the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>, the eastern parts of present-day Kobe came under the jurisdiction of the <a href="/wiki/Amagasaki_Domain" title="Amagasaki Domain">Amagasaki Domain</a> and the western parts under that of the <a href="/wiki/Akashi_Domain" title="Akashi Domain">Akashi Domain</a>, while the center was controlled directly by the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not until the <a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_the_han_system" title="Abolition of the han system">abolition of the han system</a> in 1871 and the establishment of the current <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">prefecture system</a> that the area became politically distinct. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align: center;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hanakuma_castle01s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hanakuma Castle"><img alt="Hanakuma Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hanakuma_castle01s3200.jpg/248px-Hanakuma_castle01s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hanakuma_castle01s3200.jpg/372px-Hanakuma_castle01s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Hanakuma_castle01s3200.jpg/495px-Hanakuma_castle01s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2133" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hanakuma Castle</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meiji_period">Meiji period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Meiji period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hyōgo Port was opened to foreign trade by the Shogunal government at the same time as Osaka on January 1, 1868, just before the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji Restoration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of the opening of the city for foreign trade, the area saw intense fighting resulting from the civil war in progress. Shortly after the opening of Kobe to trade, the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Incident" title="Kobe Incident">Kobe Incident</a> occurred, where several western soldiers sustained wounds from gunfire by troops from Bizen. The region has since been identified with the West and many foreign residences from the period remain in Kobe's <a href="/wiki/Kitano-ch%C5%8D" title="Kitano-chō">Kitano area</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align: center;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 138.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 136.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Bund_1979.94.6P01B.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe foreign settlement Kaigan-dōri Avenue around 1885"><img alt="Kobe foreign settlement Kaigan-dōri Avenue around 1885" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kobe_Bund_1979.94.6P01B.jpg/250px-Kobe_Bund_1979.94.6P01B.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kobe_Bund_1979.94.6P01B.jpg/330px-Kobe_Bund_1979.94.6P01B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Kobe_Bund_1979.94.6P01B.jpg/500px-Kobe_Bund_1979.94.6P01B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="823" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kobe_foreign_settlement" title="Kobe foreign settlement">Kobe foreign settlement</a> Kaigan-dōri Avenue around 1885</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 174px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 172px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shinkaichi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shinkaichi theatre street in Kobe (Taisho era)"><img alt="Shinkaichi theatre street in Kobe (Taisho era)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Shinkaichi.jpg/330px-Shinkaichi.jpg" decoding="async" width="172" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Shinkaichi.jpg/500px-Shinkaichi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Shinkaichi.jpg/960px-Shinkaichi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="965" data-file-height="618" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shinkaichi" title="Shinkaichi">Shinkaichi</a> theatre street in Kobe (Taisho era)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 142px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 140px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Viewofkobe.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Hyōgo Port in the 19th century[15]"><img alt="Hyōgo Port in the 19th century[15]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Viewofkobe.PNG/250px-Viewofkobe.PNG" decoding="async" width="140" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Viewofkobe.PNG/330px-Viewofkobe.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Viewofkobe.PNG/500px-Viewofkobe.PNG 2x" data-file-width="649" data-file-height="510" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hyōgo Port in the 19th century<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 158px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_kaigan_street01_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Bund, built in the 1860s–1930s"><img alt="The Bund, built in the 1860s–1930s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Kobe_kaigan_street01_1920.jpg/250px-Kobe_kaigan_street01_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Kobe_kaigan_street01_1920.jpg/500px-Kobe_kaigan_street01_1920.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3841" data-file-height="2682" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Bund, built in the 1860s–1930s</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 167.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 165.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Choueke_house02_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kitano area, built in the 1880s–1910s"><img alt="Kitano area, built in the 1880s–1910s" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Choueke_house02_1920.jpg/250px-Choueke_house02_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="166" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Choueke_house02_1920.jpg/500px-Choueke_house02_1920.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4110" data-file-height="2740" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kitano-ch%C5%8D" title="Kitano-chō">Kitano area</a>, built in the 1880s–1910s</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 166.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 164.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_hyogo_prefectural_office_bld03_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Former Hyogo prefectural office, built in 1902"><img alt="Former Hyogo prefectural office, built in 1902" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Old_hyogo_prefectural_office_bld03_1920.jpg/250px-Old_hyogo_prefectural_office_bld03_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Old_hyogo_prefectural_office_bld03_1920.jpg/500px-Old_hyogo_prefectural_office_bld03_1920.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2142" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Former Hyogo prefectural office, built in 1902</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 262px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 260px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sesshu_Kobe_coast_prosperity_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="This nishiki-e (colored woodcut) shows a foreign steamboat entering Hyōgo Port shortly after its opening to the West in the late 19th century."><img alt="This nishiki-e (colored woodcut) shows a foreign steamboat entering Hyōgo Port shortly after its opening to the West in the late 19th century." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sesshu_Kobe_coast_prosperity_view.jpg/500px-Sesshu_Kobe_coast_prosperity_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sesshu_Kobe_coast_prosperity_view.jpg/960px-Sesshu_Kobe_coast_prosperity_view.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1014" data-file-height="429" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">This <a href="/wiki/Nishiki-e" title="Nishiki-e">nishiki-e</a> (colored woodcut) shows a foreign steamboat entering Hyōgo Port shortly after its opening to the West in the late 19th century. </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kobe, as it is known today, was founded on April 1, 1889, and was <a href="/wiki/City_designated_by_government_ordinance" class="mw-redirect" title="City designated by government ordinance">designated</a> on September 1, 1956 by government ordinance. The history of the city is closely tied to that of the Ikuta Shrine, and the name "Kobe" derives from <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">kamube</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">神戸</span></span>, later <i>kanbe</i>)</span>, an archaic name for those who supported the shrine.<sup id="cite_ref-nagasakiu_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nagasakiu-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kojien_kanbe_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kojien_kanbe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Kobe was lightly bombed in the <a href="/wiki/Doolittle_Raid" title="Doolittle Raid">Doolittle Raid</a> on April 18, 1942, along with <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> and a few other cities. Eventually, it was <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Kobe_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Kobe in World War II">bombed again with incendiary bombs by B-29 Superfortress bombers on March 16 and 17, 1945</a>, causing the death of 8,841 residents and the destruction of 21% of <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Kobe_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Kobe in World War II">Kobe's urban area</a>. This incident inspired the well-known <a href="/wiki/Studio_Ghibli" title="Studio Ghibli">Studio Ghibli</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Grave_of_the_Fireflies" title="Grave of the Fireflies">Grave of the Fireflies</a></i> and the <a href="/wiki/Grave_of_the_Fireflies_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grave of the Fireflies (novel)">book</a> by <a href="/wiki/Akiyuki_Nosaka" title="Akiyuki Nosaka">Akiyuki Nosaka</a> on which the film was based. It also features in the motion picture <i><a href="/wiki/A_Boy_Called_H" title="A Boy Called H">A Boy Called H</a></i>. </p><p>Following continuous pressure from citizens, on March 18, 1975, the Kobe City Council passed an ordinance banning vessels carrying <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear weapons</a> from Kobe Port. This effectively prevented any U.S. warships from entering the port, because U.S. policy is to never disclose whether any given warship is carrying nuclear weapons. This <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_proliferation" title="Nuclear proliferation">nonproliferation</a> policy has been termed the "<a href="/wiki/Japan%27s_non-nuclear_policy#The_Kobe_Formula" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan's non-nuclear policy">Kobe formula</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 17, 1995, <a href="/wiki/Great_Hanshin_earthquake" title="Great Hanshin earthquake">a magnitude 6.9 earthquake</a> occurred at 5:46 am <a href="/wiki/Japan_Standard_Time" title="Japan Standard Time">JST</a> near the city. About 6,434 people in the city were killed, 212,443 were made homeless, and large parts of the port facilities and other parts of the city were destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earthquake destroyed portions of the <a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Expressway" title="Hanshin Expressway">Hanshin Expressway</a>, an elevated freeway that dramatically toppled over. In Japan, this earthquake is known as the <a href="/wiki/Great_Hanshin_earthquake" title="Great Hanshin earthquake">Great Hanshin earthquake</a> (or the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake). To commemorate Kobe's recovery from it, the city holds an event every December called the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Luminarie" title="Kobe Luminarie">Luminarie</a>, where the city center is decorated with illuminated metal archways. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Kobe" title="Port of Kobe">Port of Kobe</a> was Japan's busiest port and one of Asia's top ports until the Great Hanshin earthquake.<sup id="cite_ref-maruhon_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maruhon-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kobe has since dropped to fourth in Japan and, as of 2012, was the 49th-<a href="/wiki/List_of_world%27s_busiest_container_ports" class="mw-redirect" title="List of world's busiest container ports">busiest container port worldwide</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align: center;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 168.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 166.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KobeFormerSettelment_Map_JapDirectory_(1905).tif" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Foreign Settlement"><img alt="Map of the Foreign Settlement" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/KobeFormerSettelment_Map_JapDirectory_%281905%29.tif/lossy-page1-250px-KobeFormerSettelment_Map_JapDirectory_%281905%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/KobeFormerSettelment_Map_JapDirectory_%281905%29.tif/lossy-page1-375px-KobeFormerSettelment_Map_JapDirectory_%281905%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/KobeFormerSettelment_Map_JapDirectory_%281905%29.tif/lossy-page1-499px-KobeFormerSettelment_Map_JapDirectory_%281905%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3368" data-file-height="2632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map of the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_foreign_settlement" title="Kobe foreign settlement">Foreign Settlement</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 184.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 182.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_after_the_1945_air_raid.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Kobe after the bombing in 1945"><img alt="View of Kobe after the bombing in 1945" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kobe_after_the_1945_air_raid.JPG/330px-Kobe_after_the_1945_air_raid.JPG" decoding="async" width="183" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Kobe_after_the_1945_air_raid.JPG/500px-Kobe_after_the_1945_air_raid.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Kobe_after_the_1945_air_raid.JPG 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="381" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of Kobe after the <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Kobe_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Kobe in World War II">bombing</a> in 1945</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 100px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 98px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Admiralty_Chart_No_2265_Kobe_Ko,_Published_1966.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Port of Kobe in 1966"><img alt="Port of Kobe in 1966" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Admiralty_Chart_No_2265_Kobe_Ko%2C_Published_1966.jpg/147px-Admiralty_Chart_No_2265_Kobe_Ko%2C_Published_1966.jpg" decoding="async" width="98" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Admiralty_Chart_No_2265_Kobe_Ko%2C_Published_1966.jpg/220px-Admiralty_Chart_No_2265_Kobe_Ko%2C_Published_1966.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Admiralty_Chart_No_2265_Kobe_Ko%2C_Published_1966.jpg/294px-Admiralty_Chart_No_2265_Kobe_Ko%2C_Published_1966.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8291" data-file-height="11012" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Port of Kobe in 1966</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 186px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hanshin-Awaji_earthquake_1995_337.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Damage in Sannomiya after the Great Hanshin earthquake in 1995"><img alt="Damage in Sannomiya after the Great Hanshin earthquake in 1995" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Hanshin-Awaji_earthquake_1995_337.jpg/330px-Hanshin-Awaji_earthquake_1995_337.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Hanshin-Awaji_earthquake_1995_337.jpg/500px-Hanshin-Awaji_earthquake_1995_337.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Hanshin-Awaji_earthquake_1995_337.jpg/960px-Hanshin-Awaji_earthquake_1995_337.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3498" data-file-height="2473" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Damage in <a href="/wiki/Sannomiya" title="Sannomiya">Sannomiya</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Great_Hanshin_earthquake" title="Great Hanshin earthquake">Great Hanshin earthquake</a> in 1995</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Port_of_Kobe_Earthquake_Memorial_Park2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe Earthquake Memorial Park"><img alt="Kobe Earthquake Memorial Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Port_of_Kobe_Earthquake_Memorial_Park2.jpg/260px-Port_of_Kobe_Earthquake_Memorial_Park2.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Port_of_Kobe_Earthquake_Memorial_Park2.jpg/391px-Port_of_Kobe_Earthquake_Memorial_Park2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Port_of_Kobe_Earthquake_Memorial_Park2.jpg/520px-Port_of_Kobe_Earthquake_Memorial_Park2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kobe Earthquake Memorial Park </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:151229_Kobe_Port_Japan01bs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/151229_Kobe_Port_Japan01bs.jpg/260px-151229_Kobe_Port_Japan01bs.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/151229_Kobe_Port_Japan01bs.jpg/390px-151229_Kobe_Port_Japan01bs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/151229_Kobe_Port_Japan01bs.jpg/520px-151229_Kobe_Port_Japan01bs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5400" data-file-height="3600" /></a><figcaption>View of Kobe from an airplane</figcaption></figure> <p>Wedged between the coast and the mountains, the city of Kobe is long and narrow. To the east is the city of <a href="/wiki/Ashiya,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Ashiya, Hyōgo">Ashiya</a>, while the city of <a href="/wiki/Akashi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akashi, Hyōgo">Akashi</a> lies to its west. Other adjacent cities include <a href="/wiki/Takarazuka,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Takarazuka, Hyōgo">Takarazuka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nishinomiya" title="Nishinomiya">Nishinomiya</a> to the east and <a href="/wiki/Sanda,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Sanda, Hyōgo">Sanda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miki,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Miki, Hyōgo">Miki</a> to the north. </p><p>The landmark of the port area is the red steel <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Port_Tower" title="Kobe Port Tower">Port Tower</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Ferris_wheel" title="Ferris wheel">ferris wheel</a> sits in nearby <a href="/wiki/Harborland" title="Harborland">Harborland</a>, a notable tourist <a href="/wiki/Esplanade" title="Esplanade">promenade</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Two artificial islands, <a href="/wiki/Port_Island" title="Port Island">Port Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rokk%C5%8D_Island" title="Rokkō Island">Rokkō Island</a>, have been constructed to give the city room to expand. </p><p>Away from the seaside at the heart of Kobe lie the <a href="/wiki/Motomachi,_Kobe" title="Motomachi, Kobe">Motomachi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sannomiya" title="Sannomiya">Sannomiya</a> districts, as well as Kobe's <a href="/wiki/Chinatown" title="Chinatown">Chinatown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nankin-machi" title="Nankin-machi">Nankin-machi</a>, all well-known retail areas. A multitude of train lines cross the city from east to west. The main transport hub is <a href="/wiki/Sannomiya_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Sannomiya Station">Sannomiya Station</a>, with the eponymous <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Station_(Hy%C5%8Dgo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe Station (Hyōgo)">Kobe Station</a> located to the west and the <a href="/wiki/Shinkansen" title="Shinkansen">Shinkansen</a> <a href="/wiki/Shin-Kobe_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin-Kobe Station">Shin-Kobe Station</a> to the north. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rokk%C5%8D" title="Mount Rokkō">Mount Rokkō</a> overlooks Kobe at an elevation of 931 m (3,054 ft). During autumn, it is famous for the rich change in <a href="/wiki/Autumn_leaf_color" title="Autumn leaf color">colors of its forests</a>. </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1010px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png" class="mw-file-description" title="A panorama of Kobe, its harbor, and Port Island from Kobe Port Tower"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png/1000px-Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png" decoding="async" width="1000" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png/1500px-Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png/2000px-Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png 2x" data-file-width="21019" data-file-height="2692" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Panoramic_view_of_Kobe_and_Kobe_Harbor_from_the_Kobe_Port_Tower.png" title="File:Panoramic view of Kobe and Kobe Harbor from the Kobe Port Tower.png"> </a></div>A panorama of Kobe, <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Kobe" title="Port of Kobe">its harbor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Port_Island" title="Port Island">Port Island</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Port_Tower" title="Kobe Port Tower">Kobe Port Tower</a></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wards">Wards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Wards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kobe has nine <a href="/wiki/Wards_of_Japan" title="Wards of Japan">wards</a> (<i>ku</i>): </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Nishi-ku,_Kobe" title="Nishi-ku, Kobe">Nishi-ku</a>: The westernmost area of Kobe, Nishi-ku overlooks the city of <a href="/wiki/Akashi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akashi, Hyōgo">Akashi</a> and is the site of <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Gakuin_University" title="Kobe Gakuin University">Kobe Gakuin University</a>. This ward has the largest population, with 247,000 residents.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita-ku,_Kobe" title="Kita-ku, Kobe">Kita-ku</a>: Kita-ku is the largest ward by area and contains the Rokko Mountain Range, including <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rokk%C5%8D" title="Mount Rokkō">Mount Rokkō</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Maya" title="Mount Maya">Mount Maya</a>. The area is well known for its rugged landscape and hiking trails. The <a href="/wiki/Onsen" title="Onsen">onsen</a> resort town of <a href="/wiki/Arima_Onsen" title="Arima Onsen">Arima</a> also lies within Kita-ku.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarumi-ku,_Kobe" title="Tarumi-ku, Kobe">Tarumi-ku</a>: Tarumi-ku is a mostly residential area. The second-longest suspension bridge in the world, the <a href="/wiki/Akashi_Kaiky%C5%8D_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Akashi Kaikyō Bridge">Akashi Kaikyō Bridge</a>, extends from Maiko in Tarumi-ku to <a href="/wiki/Awaji_Island" title="Awaji Island">Awaji Island</a> to the south. A relatively new addition to Kobe, Tarumi-ku was not a part of the city until 1946.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suma-ku,_Kobe" title="Suma-ku, Kobe">Suma-ku</a>: Suma-ku is the site of Suma beach, attracting visitors during the summer months.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagata-ku,_Kobe" title="Nagata-ku, Kobe">Nagata-ku</a>: Nagata-ku is the site of <a href="/wiki/Nagata_jinja" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagata jinja">Nagata Shrine</a>, one of the three "Great Shrines" in Kobe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo-ku,_Kobe" title="Hyōgo-ku, Kobe">Hyōgo-ku</a>: At various times known as Ōwada Anchorage or Hyōgo Port, this area is the historical heart of the city. <a href="/wiki/Shinkaichi" title="Shinkaichi">Shinkaichi</a> in Hyogo-ku was once the commercial center of Kobe, but was heavily damaged during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, and since, Hyogo-ku has lost much of its former prominence.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku,_Kobe" title="Chūō-ku, Kobe">Chūō-ku</a>: <i>Chūō</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">中央</span></span>)</span> literally means "central" and, as such, Chūō-ku is the commercial and entertainment center of Kobe. <a href="/wiki/Sannomiya" title="Sannomiya">Sannomiya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motomachi,_Kobe" title="Motomachi, Kobe">Motomachi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harborland" title="Harborland">Harborland</a> make up the main entertainment areas in Kobe. Chūō-ku includes the city hall and <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo prefectural</a> government offices. <a href="/wiki/Port_Island" title="Port Island">Port Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Airport" title="Kobe Airport">Kobe Airport</a> lie in the southern part of this ward.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nada-ku,_Kobe" title="Nada-ku, Kobe">Nada-ku</a>: The site of <a href="/wiki/Oji_Zoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Oji Zoo">Oji Zoo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kobe_University" title="Kobe University">Kobe University</a>, Nada is known for <a href="/wiki/Nada-Gog%C5%8D" title="Nada-Gogō">its sake</a>. Along with <a href="/wiki/Fushimi-ku,_Kyoto" title="Fushimi-ku, Kyoto">Fushimi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>, it accounts for 45% of Japan's sake production.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashinada-ku,_Kobe" title="Higashinada-ku, Kobe">Higashinada-ku</a>: The easternmost area of Kobe, Higashinada-ku borders the city of <a href="/wiki/Ashiya,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Ashiya, Hyōgo">Ashiya</a>. The man-made island of <a href="/wiki/Rokko_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Rokko Island">Rokko</a> makes up the southern part of this ward.</li></ol> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="810px"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7">Wards of Kobe </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"> </th> <th colspan="2">Place Name </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th>Map of Kobe </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width: 190px;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">Rōmaji</a> </th> <th style="width: 190px;"><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a> </th> <th>Population </th> <th><i>Land area in km<sup>2</sup></i> </th> <th>Pop. density <p>per km2 </p> </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nishi-ku,_Kobe" title="Nishi-ku, Kobe">Nishi-ku</a> </td> <td>西区 </td> <td>240,386 </td> <td>138.01 </td> <td>1,742 </td> <td rowspan="9"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%85%B5%E5%BA%AB%E7%9C%8C%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%BB%E5%9B%B3_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B7.png" class="mw-file-description" title="A map of Kobe's Wards"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/%E5%85%B5%E5%BA%AB%E7%9C%8C%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%BB%E5%9B%B3_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B7.png/500px-%E5%85%B5%E5%BA%AB%E7%9C%8C%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%BB%E5%9B%B3_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B7.png" decoding="async" width="399" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/%E5%85%B5%E5%BA%AB%E7%9C%8C%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%BB%E5%9B%B3_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B7.png/960px-%E5%85%B5%E5%BA%AB%E7%9C%8C%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%BB%E5%9B%B3_%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B7.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>A map of Kobe's Wards</figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kita-ku,_Kobe" title="Kita-ku, Kobe">Kita-ku</a> </td> <td>北区 </td> <td>212,211 </td> <td>240.29 </td> <td>883 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tarumi-ku,_Kobe" title="Tarumi-ku, Kobe">Tarumi-ku</a> </td> <td>垂水区 </td> <td>216,337 </td> <td>28.11 </td> <td>7,696 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suma-ku,_Kobe" title="Suma-ku, Kobe">Suma-ku</a> </td> <td>須磨区 </td> <td>158,196 </td> <td>28.93 </td> <td>5,468 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nagata-ku,_Kobe" title="Nagata-ku, Kobe">Nagata-ku</a> </td> <td>長田区 </td> <td>95,155 </td> <td>11.36 </td> <td>8,376 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo-ku,_Kobe" title="Hyōgo-ku, Kobe">Hyōgo-ku</a> </td> <td>兵庫区 </td> <td>107,307 </td> <td>14.68 </td> <td>7,310 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku,_Kobe" title="Chūō-ku, Kobe">Chūō-ku</a> </td> <td>中央区 </td> <td>142,232 </td> <td>28.97 </td> <td>4,910 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nada-ku,_Kobe" title="Nada-ku, Kobe">Nada-ku</a> </td> <td>灘区 </td> <td>136,865 </td> <td>32.66 </td> <td>4,191 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Higashinada-ku,_Kobe" title="Higashinada-ku, Kobe">Higashinada-ku</a> </td> <td>東灘区 </td> <td>214,255 </td> <td>34.02 </td> <td>6,298 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cityscape">Cityscape</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cityscape"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align: center;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gallery</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Meriken-boat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of MOSAIC and Meriken Park from ferry at dusk (2022)"><img alt="View of MOSAIC and Meriken Park from ferry at dusk (2022)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Meriken-boat.jpg/260px-Meriken-boat.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Meriken-boat.jpg/391px-Meriken-boat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Meriken-boat.jpg/520px-Meriken-boat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of MOSAIC and <a href="/wiki/Meriken_Park" title="Meriken Park">Meriken Park</a> from ferry at dusk (2022)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 210px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 208px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_unterwegs_in_Kobe_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Meriken Park (2018)"><img alt="Meriken Park (2018)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Kobe_unterwegs_in_Kobe_3.jpg/330px-Kobe_unterwegs_in_Kobe_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Kobe_unterwegs_in_Kobe_3.jpg/500px-Kobe_unterwegs_in_Kobe_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Kobe_unterwegs_in_Kobe_3.jpg/960px-Kobe_unterwegs_in_Kobe_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4533" data-file-height="2833" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Meriken_Park" title="Meriken Park">Meriken Park</a> (2018)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:151003_Port_of_Kobe_Japan01s3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skyline of Kobe from Kobe Bridge (2015)"><img alt="Skyline of Kobe from Kobe Bridge (2015)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/151003_Port_of_Kobe_Japan01s3.jpg/330px-151003_Port_of_Kobe_Japan01s3.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/151003_Port_of_Kobe_Japan01s3.jpg/500px-151003_Port_of_Kobe_Japan01s3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/151003_Port_of_Kobe_Japan01s3.jpg/960px-151003_Port_of_Kobe_Japan01s3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Skyline of Kobe from Kobe Bridge (2015)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 192px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Twilight_view_of_Kobe,_from_a_point_near_Shin-Kobe_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Sannomiya from Shin-Kobe Station (2009)"><img alt="View of Sannomiya from Shin-Kobe Station (2009)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Twilight_view_of_Kobe%2C_from_a_point_near_Shin-Kobe_station.jpg/330px-Twilight_view_of_Kobe%2C_from_a_point_near_Shin-Kobe_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Twilight_view_of_Kobe%2C_from_a_point_near_Shin-Kobe_station.jpg/500px-Twilight_view_of_Kobe%2C_from_a_point_near_Shin-Kobe_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Twilight_view_of_Kobe%2C_from_a_point_near_Shin-Kobe_station.jpg/960px-Twilight_view_of_Kobe%2C_from_a_point_near_Shin-Kobe_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1642" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of <a href="/wiki/Sannomiya" title="Sannomiya">Sannomiya</a> from <a href="/wiki/Shin-Kobe_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin-Kobe Station">Shin-Kobe Station</a> (2009)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:121208_Nunobiki_Herb_Garden_Kobe_Hyogo_pref_Japan09s3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nunobiki Herb Garden (2012)"><img alt="Nunobiki Herb Garden (2012)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/121208_Nunobiki_Herb_Garden_Kobe_Hyogo_pref_Japan09s3.jpg/330px-121208_Nunobiki_Herb_Garden_Kobe_Hyogo_pref_Japan09s3.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/121208_Nunobiki_Herb_Garden_Kobe_Hyogo_pref_Japan09s3.jpg/500px-121208_Nunobiki_Herb_Garden_Kobe_Hyogo_pref_Japan09s3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/121208_Nunobiki_Herb_Garden_Kobe_Hyogo_pref_Japan09s3.jpg/960px-121208_Nunobiki_Herb_Garden_Kobe_Hyogo_pref_Japan09s3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nunobiki_Herb_Garden" title="Nunobiki Herb Garden">Nunobiki Herb Garden</a> (2012)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 176px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 174px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Kobe_Port_Tower_Panoaramablick_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe central business district (2018)"><img alt="Kobe central business district (2018)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kobe_Kobe_Port_Tower_Panoaramablick_03.jpg/330px-Kobe_Kobe_Port_Tower_Panoaramablick_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kobe_Kobe_Port_Tower_Panoaramablick_03.jpg/500px-Kobe_Kobe_Port_Tower_Panoaramablick_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Kobe_Kobe_Port_Tower_Panoaramablick_03.jpg/960px-Kobe_Kobe_Port_Tower_Panoaramablick_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4570" data-file-height="3418" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kobe <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">central business district</a> (2018)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 198px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 196px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Meriken_Park_area_at_night_2016-06-14.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe central business district at night (2016)"><img alt="Kobe central business district at night (2016)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kobe_Meriken_Park_area_at_night_2016-06-14.jpg/330px-Kobe_Meriken_Park_area_at_night_2016-06-14.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kobe_Meriken_Park_area_at_night_2016-06-14.jpg/500px-Kobe_Meriken_Park_area_at_night_2016-06-14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kobe_Meriken_Park_area_at_night_2016-06-14.jpg/960px-Kobe_Meriken_Park_area_at_night_2016-06-14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kobe <a href="/wiki/Central_business_district" title="Central business district">central business district</a> at night (2016)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Chuo_and_Suma_at_night.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Downtown at night"><img alt="Downtown at night" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kobe_Chuo_and_Suma_at_night.jpeg/293px-Kobe_Chuo_and_Suma_at_night.jpeg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kobe_Chuo_and_Suma_at_night.jpeg/440px-Kobe_Chuo_and_Suma_at_night.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kobe_Chuo_and_Suma_at_night.jpeg/585px-Kobe_Chuo_and_Suma_at_night.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Downtown at night</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Kikuseidai_from_Mount_Maya_Kobe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Night view from Kikuseidai"><img alt="Night view from Kikuseidai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/View_of_Kikuseidai_from_Mount_Maya_Kobe.jpg/293px-View_of_Kikuseidai_from_Mount_Maya_Kobe.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/View_of_Kikuseidai_from_Mount_Maya_Kobe.jpg/440px-View_of_Kikuseidai_from_Mount_Maya_Kobe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/View_of_Kikuseidai_from_Mount_Maya_Kobe.jpg/585px-View_of_Kikuseidai_from_Mount_Maya_Kobe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3999" data-file-height="2666" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Night view from <a href="/wiki/Kikuseidai" title="Kikuseidai">Kikuseidai</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 274.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 272.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunset from Mt.Suwa observation deck"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_001.jpg/500px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="273" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_001.jpg/960px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_001.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="7412" data-file-height="3542" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sunset from Mt.Suwa observation deck</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_003.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chūō-ku, seen by night from Mt.Suwa observation deck"><img alt="Chūō-ku, seen by night from Mt.Suwa observation deck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_003.jpg/330px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_003.jpg" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_003.jpg/500px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_003.jpg/960px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chūō-ku, seen by night from Mt.Suwa observation deck</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 468px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 466px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panorama of Kobe from Mt.Suwa observation deck"><img alt="Panorama of Kobe from Mt.Suwa observation deck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_002.jpg/960px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="466" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_002.jpg/1050px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_002.jpg/1398px-Views_from_Venus_Bridge_in_Kobe_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6887" data-file-height="1922" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Panorama of Kobe from Mt.Suwa observation deck</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kobe has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Cfa</i>) with hot summers and cool to cold winters. Precipitation is significantly higher in summer than in winter, though on the whole lower than most parts of Honshū, and there is no significant snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kobe is 17.0 °C (62.6 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,277.8 mm (50.31 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 28.6 °C (83.5 °F), and lowest in January, at around 6.2 °C (43.2 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Kobe was 38.8 °C (101.8 °F) on August 5, 1994; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −7.2 °C (19.0 °F) on February 27, 1981. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Kobe (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1896−present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5<br />(83.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.7<br />(99.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.8<br />(101.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.9<br />(96.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1200; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.8<br />(101.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.1<br />(80.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6<br />(83.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1<br />(37.6) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.4<br />(20.5) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.2<br />(19.0) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #CFCFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.3<br />(24.3) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−7.2<br />(19.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #C5FFC5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.4<br />(1.51) </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.6<br />(2.19) </td> <td style="background: #72FF72; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94.2<br />(3.71) </td> <td style="background: #64FF64; color:#000000;" class="notheme">100.6<br />(3.96) </td> <td style="background: #36FF36; color:#000000;" class="notheme">134.7<br />(5.30) </td> <td style="background: #00ED00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">176.7<br />(6.96) </td> <td style="background: #00E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.9<br />(7.40) </td> <td style="background: #64FF64; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103.4<br />(4.07) </td> <td style="background: #0CFF0C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">157.2<br />(6.19) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">118.0<br />(4.65) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.4<br />(2.46) </td> <td style="background: #B6FFB6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.7<br />(1.92) </td> <td style="background: #5DFF5D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,277.8<br />(50.31) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1<br />(0.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.5 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.1 </td> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">106.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">65 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #C2C219; color:#000000;" class="notheme">145.8 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">142.4 </td> <td style="background: #CFCF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">175.8 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">194.8 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">202.6 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">164.0 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">189.4 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">229.6 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.9 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">169.8 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152.2 </td> <td style="background: #C5C504; color:#000000;" class="notheme">153.2 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,083.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Japan Meteorological Agency<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Airport" title="Kobe Airport">Kobe Airport</a> (2006−2020 normals, extremes 2006−present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.2<br />(97.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.2<br />(97.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6<br />(78.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7<br />(49.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6<br />(83.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1<br />(88.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.1<br />(82.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9<br />(53.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2<br />(48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6<br />(78.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.6<br />(25.5) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.4<br />(25.9) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9<br />(35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.4<br />(29.5) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−3.6<br />(25.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(1.31) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.3<br />(2.14) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.2<br />(3.28) </td> <td style="background: #7EFF7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.7<br />(3.30) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">117.6<br />(4.63) </td> <td style="background: #01FF01; color:#000000;" class="notheme">164.5<br />(6.48) </td> <td style="background: #00E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.9<br />(7.36) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.7<br />(3.33) </td> <td style="background: #2EFF2E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.1<br />(5.32) </td> <td style="background: #60FF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">106.1<br />(4.18) </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.8<br />(2.08) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.3<br />(1.94) </td> <td style="background: #6DFF6D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,148.4<br />(45.21) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">91.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Japan Meteorological Agency<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; max-width:22em;"> <caption>Foreigners in Kobe<sup id="cite_ref-pop-detail_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop-detail-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Nationality</th> <th>Population (2018) </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>South Korea</td> <td>17,175 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Mainland China</td> <td>13,205 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/60px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Vietnam</td> <td>5,955 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Taiwan</td> <td>1,309 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Others</td> <td>8,974 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1870</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">18,650</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1880</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">48,786</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+161.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">142,965</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+193.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">283,839</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+98.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">398,905</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+40.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1920</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">746,500</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+87.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1925</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">818,619</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1930</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">915,234</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1935</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,058,053</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+15.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1940</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,134,458</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+7.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1945</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">694,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−38.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">821,062</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1955</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">986,344</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+20.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,113,977</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1965</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,216,682</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+9.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,288,930</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1975</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,360,605</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,367,390</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1985</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,410,734</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1990</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,477,410</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+4.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1995</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,423,792</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,493,398</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2005</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,525,393</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,544,873</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2015</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,537,272</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,521,241</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−1.0%</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Metropolitan_Employment_Area.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Kobe_Metropolitan_Employment_Area.svg/250px-Kobe_Metropolitan_Employment_Area.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Kobe_Metropolitan_Employment_Area.svg/300px-Kobe_Metropolitan_Employment_Area.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Kobe_Metropolitan_Employment_Area.svg/400px-Kobe_Metropolitan_Employment_Area.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="301" data-file-height="305" /></a><figcaption>The Kobe <a href="/wiki/Urban_Employment_Area" title="Urban Employment Area">Metropolitan Employment Area</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As of September 2007, Kobe had an estimated <a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population">population</a> of 1,530,295 making up 658,876 <a href="/wiki/Household" title="Household">households</a>. This was an increase of 1,347 persons or approximately 0.1% over the previous year. The <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> was approximately 2,768 persons per square kilometre, while there are about 90.2 males to every 100 females.<sup id="cite_ref-population_statistics_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population_statistics-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About thirteen percent of the population are between the ages of 0 and 14, sixty-seven percent are between 15 and 64, and twenty percent are over the age of 65.<sup id="cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pocket_statistics-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Approximately 44,000 registered foreign nationals live in Kobe. The four most common nationalities are <a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Japan" title="Koreans in Japan">Korean</a> (22,237), <a href="/wiki/Chinese_in_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese in Japan">Chinese</a> (12,516), Vietnamese (1,301), and <a href="/wiki/Americans_in_Japan" title="Americans in Japan">American</a> (1,280).<sup id="cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pocket_statistics-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg/250px-Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg/330px-Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg/500px-Kobe_Mosaic06s4s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2800" /></a><figcaption>Kobe is the busiest port in the <a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kansai region</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Kobe" title="Port of Kobe">Port of Kobe</a> is both an important port and manufacturing center within the <a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Industrial_Region" title="Hanshin Industrial Region">Hanshin Industrial Region</a>. Kobe is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_world%27s_busiest_container_ports" class="mw-redirect" title="List of world's busiest container ports">busiest container port</a> in the region, surpassing even <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, and the fourth-busiest in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-busyport2005_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-busyport2005-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2004<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the city's total real <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> was ¥6.3 trillion, which amounts to thirty-four percent of the GDP for <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo Prefecture</a> and approximately eight percent for the whole <a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kansai region</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kobe_economy_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kobe_economy-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">Per capita income</a> for the year was approximately ¥2.7 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Kobe_economy_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kobe_economy-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Broken down by <a href="/wiki/Three-sector_hypothesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-sector hypothesis">sector</a>, about one percent of those employed work in the <a href="/wiki/Primary_sector_of_economic_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary sector of economic activity">primary sector</a> (agriculture, fishing and mining), twenty-one percent work in the <a href="/wiki/Secondary_sector_of_economic_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary sector of economic activity">secondary sector</a> (manufacturing and industry), and seventy-eight percent work in the <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_economic_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Tertiary sector of economic activity">service sector</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pocket_statistics-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The value of <a href="/wiki/Manufactured_goods" class="mw-redirect" title="Manufactured goods">manufactured goods</a> produced and exported from Kobe for 2004 was ¥2.5 trillion. The four largest sectors in terms of value of goods produced are small appliances, food products, transportation equipment, and communication equipment making up over fifty percent of Kobe's manufactured goods. In terms of numbers of employees, food products, small appliances, and transportation equipment make up the three largest sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a> in Kobe <a href="/wiki/Urban_Employment_Area" title="Urban Employment Area">Metropolitan Employment Area</a> (2.4 million people) is US$96.0 billion in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_companies_and_institutes">Major companies and institutes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Major companies and institutes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Japanese companies which have their headquarters in Kobe include <a href="/wiki/ASICS" class="mw-redirect" title="ASICS">ASICS</a>, a shoe manufacturer; <a href="/wiki/Daiei" title="Daiei">Daiei</a>, a department store chain; <a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_Heavy_Industries" title="Kawasaki Heavy Industries">Kawasaki Heavy Industries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Corporation" title="Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation">Kawasaki Shipbuilding Co.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinki_Sharyo" title="Kinki Sharyo">Kinki Sharyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors" title="Mitsubishi Motors">Mitsubishi Motors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Heavy_Industries" title="Mitsubishi Heavy Industries">Mitsubishi Heavy Industries</a> (ship manufacturer), <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Electric" title="Mitsubishi Electric">Mitsubishi Electric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Steel" title="Kobe Steel">Kobe Steel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumitomo_Rubber_Industries" title="Sumitomo Rubber Industries">Sumitomo Rubber Industries</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sysmex_Corporation" title="Sysmex Corporation">Sysmex Corporation</a> (medical devices manufacturer)<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/TOA_Corporation" title="TOA Corporation">TOA Corporation</a>. Other companies include the <a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">confectionery</a> manufacturers <a href="/wiki/Konigs-Krone" title="Konigs-Krone">Konigs-Krone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Morozoff_Ltd." title="Morozoff Ltd.">Morozoff Ltd.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Television_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Television (Japan)">Sun Television Japan</a> and <a href="/wiki/UCC_Ueshima_Coffee_Co." title="UCC Ueshima Coffee Co.">UCC Ueshima Coffee Co.</a> </p><p>There are over 100 international corporations that have their East Asian or Japanese headquarters in Kobe. Of these, twenty-four are from China, eighteen from the United States, and nine from Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-foreign_hq_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreign_hq-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some prominent corporations include <a href="/wiki/Eli_Lilly_and_Company" title="Eli Lilly and Company">Eli Lilly and Company</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tempur-Pedic" title="Tempur-Pedic">Tempur-Pedic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boehringer-Ingelheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Boehringer-Ingelheim">Boehringer-Ingelheim</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Toys_%22R%22_Us" title="Toys "R" Us">Toys "R" Us</a>. In 2018, April, <a href="/wiki/Swift_Engineering" title="Swift Engineering">Swift Engineering</a> USA, an American aerospace engineering firm established their joint venture in Kobe called Swift Xi Inc. </p><p>Kobe is the site of a number of research institutes, such as the <a href="/wiki/RIKEN" class="mw-redirect" title="RIKEN">RIKEN</a> Kobe Institute Center for <a href="/wiki/Developmental_biology" title="Developmental biology">developmental biology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging">medical imaging</a> techniques,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Center for Computational Science (R-CCS, home of the <a href="/wiki/Fugaku_(supercomputer)" title="Fugaku (supercomputer)">Fugaku supercomputer</a>), the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Information_and_Communications_Technology" title="National Institute of Information and Communications Technology">National Institute of Information and Communications Technology</a> (NICT) Advanced ICT Research Institute,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Asian Disaster Reduction Center.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>International organizations include the <a href="/wiki/WHO_Centre_for_Health_Development" title="WHO Centre for Health Development">WHO Centre for Health Development</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Intergovernmental_agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Intergovernmental agency">intergovernmental agency</a> forming part of the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_missions_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic missions of Panama">Consulate-General of Panama in Kobe</a> is located on the eighth floor of the Moriyama Building in <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku,_Kobe" title="Chūō-ku, Kobe">Chūō-ku, Kobe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_crystal_tower01_2048.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kawasaki Heavy Industries headquarters on Harborland"><img alt="Kawasaki Heavy Industries headquarters on Harborland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kobe_crystal_tower01_2048.jpg/120px-Kobe_crystal_tower01_2048.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Kobe_crystal_tower01_2048.jpg/250px-Kobe_crystal_tower01_2048.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_Heavy_Industries" title="Kawasaki Heavy Industries">Kawasaki Heavy Industries</a> headquarters on <a href="/wiki/Harborland" title="Harborland">Harborland</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Co02ds3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kawasaki Shipbuilding Co. headquarters on Kobe Harbor"><img alt="Kawasaki Shipbuilding Co. headquarters on Kobe Harbor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kobe_Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Co02ds3200.jpg/120px-Kobe_Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Co02ds3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kobe_Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Co02ds3200.jpg/180px-Kobe_Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Co02ds3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kobe_Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Co02ds3200.jpg/240px-Kobe_Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Co02ds3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2142" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki_Shipbuilding_Corporation" title="Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation">Kawasaki Shipbuilding Co.</a> headquarters on <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Kobe" title="Port of Kobe">Kobe Harbor</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_and_g02_1024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Procter & Gamble Asia headquarters on Rokko Island"><img alt="Procter & Gamble Asia headquarters on Rokko Island" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/P_and_g02_1024.jpg/120px-P_and_g02_1024.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/P_and_g02_1024.jpg/250px-P_and_g02_1024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1950" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble" title="Procter & Gamble">Procter & Gamble</a> Asia headquarters on <a href="/wiki/Rokko_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Rokko Island">Rokko Island</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Nestle_Japan_HQ01ss3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nestlé Japan Ltd. headquarters on Sannomiya"><img alt="Nestlé Japan Ltd. headquarters on Sannomiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Kobe_Nestle_Japan_HQ01ss3200.jpg/120px-Kobe_Nestle_Japan_HQ01ss3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Kobe_Nestle_Japan_HQ01ss3200.jpg/250px-Kobe_Nestle_Japan_HQ01ss3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2133" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé Japan Ltd.</a> headquarters on <a href="/wiki/Sannomiya" title="Sannomiya">Sannomiya</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UCC_Ueshima_Coffee_Company02s3872.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="UCC Ueshima Coffee Co. headquarters on Port Island"><img alt="UCC Ueshima Coffee Co. headquarters on Port Island" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/UCC_Ueshima_Coffee_Company02s3872.jpg/120px-UCC_Ueshima_Coffee_Company02s3872.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/UCC_Ueshima_Coffee_Company02s3872.jpg/250px-UCC_Ueshima_Coffee_Company02s3872.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3872" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/UCC_Ueshima_Coffee_Co." title="UCC Ueshima Coffee Co.">UCC Ueshima Coffee Co.</a> headquarters on <a href="/wiki/Port_Island" title="Port Island">Port Island</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Keihanshin" title="Transport in Keihanshin">Transport in Keihanshin</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Airport06s5s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Kobe_Airport06s5s3200.jpg/250px-Kobe_Airport06s5s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Kobe_Airport06s5s3200.jpg/330px-Kobe_Airport06s5s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Kobe_Airport06s5s3200.jpg/500px-Kobe_Airport06s5s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2133" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Airport" title="Kobe Airport">Kobe Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Train_of_Sanyo_Shinkansen_leaving_Shin-Kobe_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Train_of_Sanyo_Shinkansen_leaving_Shin-Kobe_Station.jpg/250px-Train_of_Sanyo_Shinkansen_leaving_Shin-Kobe_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Train_of_Sanyo_Shinkansen_leaving_Shin-Kobe_Station.jpg/330px-Train_of_Sanyo_Shinkansen_leaving_Shin-Kobe_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Train_of_Sanyo_Shinkansen_leaving_Shin-Kobe_Station.jpg/500px-Train_of_Sanyo_Shinkansen_leaving_Shin-Kobe_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shin-Kobe_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin-Kobe Station">Shin-Kobe Station</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Train_for_Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae_Station_at_Shin-Nagata_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Train_for_Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae_Station_at_Shin-Nagata_Station.jpg/200px-Train_for_Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae_Station_at_Shin-Nagata_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Train_for_Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae_Station_at_Shin-Nagata_Station.jpg/300px-Train_for_Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae_Station_at_Shin-Nagata_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Train_for_Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae_Station_at_Shin-Nagata_Station.jpg/400px-Train_for_Sannomiya-Hanadokeimae_Station_at_Shin-Nagata_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3947" data-file-height="2961" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Municipal_Subway" title="Kobe Municipal Subway">Kobe Municipal Subway</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Akashi_Bridge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Akashi_Bridge.JPG/250px-Akashi_Bridge.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Akashi_Bridge.JPG/330px-Akashi_Bridge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Akashi_Bridge.JPG/500px-Akashi_Bridge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Akashi_Kaiky%C5%8D_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Akashi Kaikyō Bridge">Akashi Kaikyō Bridge</a> extends from Kobe to <a href="/wiki/Awaji_Island" title="Awaji Island">Awaji Island</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Itami_Airport" title="Itami Airport">Itami Airport</a>, in nearby <a href="/wiki/Itami,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Itami, Hyōgo">Itami</a>, serves primarily domestic flights throughout Japan, <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Airport" title="Kobe Airport">Kobe Airport</a>, built on a reclaimed island south of <a href="/wiki/Port_Island" title="Port Island">Port Island</a>, also offers mostly domestic and charter flights, while <a href="/wiki/Kansai_International_Airport" title="Kansai International Airport">Kansai International Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> mainly serves international flights in the area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/JR_West" class="mw-redirect" title="JR West">JR West</a> <a href="/wiki/Sany%C5%8D_Shinkansen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanyō Shinkansen">Sanyō Shinkansen</a> stops at <a href="/wiki/Shin-Kobe_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin-Kobe Station">Shin-Kobe Station</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sannomiya_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Sannomiya Station">Sannomiya Station</a> is the main commuter hub in Kobe, serving as the transfer point for major intercity rail services: the <a href="/wiki/JR_Kobe_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="JR Kobe Line">JR Kobe Line</a> connects Kobe to <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Himeji,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Himeji, Hyōgo">Himeji</a>, while both the <a href="/wiki/Hanky%C5%AB_K%C5%8Dbe_Main_Line" title="Hankyū Kōbe Main Line">Hankyū Kobe Line</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Main_Line" title="Hanshin Main Line">Hanshin Main Line</a> run from Kobe to <a href="/wiki/Umeda_Station" title="Umeda Station">Umeda Station</a> in Osaka. <a href="/wiki/Sany%C5%8D_Electric_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanyō Electric Railway">Sanyō Electric Railway</a> trains from Himeji reach Sannomiya via the <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe_Rapid_Transit_Railway" title="Kōbe Rapid Transit Railway">Kōbe Rapid Transit Railway</a>. <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe_Electric_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kōbe Electric Railway">Kōbe Electric Railway</a> runs north to <a href="/wiki/Sanda,_Hyogo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanda, Hyogo">Sanda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arima_Onsen" title="Arima Onsen">Arima Onsen</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Municipal_Subway" title="Kobe Municipal Subway">Kobe Municipal Subway</a> provides connections to Shin-Kobe and Sannomiya stations from Kobe's western and eastern suburbs. Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Kobe_New_Transit" title="Kobe New Transit">Kobe New Transit</a> runs two lines serving <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Airport" title="Kobe Airport">Kobe Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rokko_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Rokko Island">Rokko Island</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ropeway">Ropeway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Ropeway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Over <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rokk%C5%8D" title="Mount Rokkō">Mount Rokkō</a>, the city has two <a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">funicular</a> lines and three <a href="/wiki/Aerial_lift" title="Aerial lift">aerial lifts</a> as well, namely <a href="/wiki/Maya_Cablecar" title="Maya Cablecar">Maya Cablecar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rokk%C5%8D_Cable_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Rokkō Cable Line">Rokkō Cable Line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rokk%C5%8D_Arima_Ropeway" title="Rokkō Arima Ropeway">Rokkō Arima Ropeway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maya_Ropeway" title="Maya Ropeway">Maya Ropeway</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shin-Kobe_Ropeway" title="Shin-Kobe Ropeway">Shin-Kobe Ropeway</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kobe is a transportation hub for a number of <a href="/wiki/Expressways_of_Japan" title="Expressways of Japan">expressways</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Meishin_Expressway" title="Meishin Expressway">Meishin Expressway</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a> – Kobe) and the <a href="/wiki/Hanshin_Expressway" title="Hanshin Expressway">Hanshin Expressway</a> (Osaka – Kobe).<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other expressways include the <a href="/wiki/Sany%C5%8D_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanyō Expressway">Sanyō Expressway</a> (Kobe – <a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_Prefecture" title="Yamaguchi Prefecture">Yamaguchi</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABgoku_Expressway" title="Chūgoku Expressway">Chūgoku Expressway</a> (Osaka – Yamaguchi). The <a href="/wiki/Honsh%C5%AB-Shikoku_Bridge_Project#Kobe-Awaji-Naruto_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshū-Shikoku Bridge Project">Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway</a> runs from Kobe to <a href="/wiki/Naruto,_Tokushima" title="Naruto, Tokushima">Naruto</a> via <a href="/wiki/Awaji_Island" title="Awaji Island">Awaji Island</a> and includes the <a href="/wiki/Akashi_Kaiky%C5%8D_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Akashi Kaikyō Bridge">Akashi Kaikyō Bridge</a>, the second longest suspension bridge in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maritime">Maritime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Maritime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Kobe" title="Port of Kobe">Port of Kobe</a> is one of Japan's busiest container ports. <a href="/wiki/Sub_Area_Activity_Hanshin" title="Sub Area Activity Hanshin">Sub Area Activity Hanshin</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Maritime_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force">Japan Maritime Self-Defense Forces</a> provides monitoring across <a href="/wiki/Osaka_Bay" title="Osaka Bay">Osaka Bay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harima_Sea" title="Harima Sea">Harima Sea</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe-Univ-Rokkodai-Honkan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Kobe-Univ-Rokkodai-Honkan.jpg/250px-Kobe-Univ-Rokkodai-Honkan.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Kobe-Univ-Rokkodai-Honkan.jpg/330px-Kobe-Univ-Rokkodai-Honkan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Kobe-Univ-Rokkodai-Honkan.jpg/500px-Kobe-Univ-Rokkodai-Honkan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kobe_University" title="Kobe University">Kobe University</a> main building</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Kobe" title="Education in Kobe">Education in Kobe</a></div> <p>The city of Kobe directly administers 169 elementary and 81 middle schools, with enrollments of approximately 80,200 and 36,000 students, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-Kobe_schools_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kobe_schools-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the city's four private elementary schools and fourteen private middle schools are included, these figures jump to a total 82,000 elementary school students and 42,300 junior high students enrolled for the 2006 school year.<sup id="cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pocket_statistics-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kobe also directly controls six of the city's twenty-five full-time public high schools including <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Municipal_Fukiai_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe Municipal Fukiai High School">Fukiai High School</a> and Rokkō Island High School. The remainder are administered by the Hyogo Prefectural Board of Education.<sup id="cite_ref-Kobe_schools_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kobe_schools-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, twenty-five high schools are run privately within the city.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The total enrollment for high schools in 2006 was 43,400.<sup id="cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pocket_statistics-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kobe is home to eighteen public and private universities, including <a href="/wiki/Kobe_University" title="Kobe University">Kobe University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Institute_of_Computing" title="Kobe Institute of Computing">Kobe Institute of Computing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Konan_University" title="Konan University">Konan University</a>, and eight <a href="/wiki/Junior_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="Junior colleges">junior colleges</a>. Students enrolled for 2006 reached 67,000 and 4,100, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pocket_statistics-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kobe is also home to 17 Japanese language schools for international students, including the international training group Lexis Japan. </p><p><a href="/wiki/International_school" title="International school">International schools</a> serve both long-term foreign residents and expatriates living in Kobe and the Kansai region. The schools offer instruction in English, <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Schule_Kobe/European_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutsche Schule Kobe/European School">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Chinese_School" title="Kobe Chinese School">Chinese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dsen_gakk%C5%8D" title="Chōsen gakkō">Korean</a>. There are three English-language international schools: <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Academy" title="Canadian Academy">Canadian Academy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marist_Brothers_International_School" title="Marist Brothers International School">Marist Brothers International School</a>, and St. Michael's International School. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg/220px-Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg/330px-Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg/440px-Kobe_kitano_thomas_house07_2816.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1584" /></a><figcaption>Weathercock House, one of the many <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E4%BA%BA%E9%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="ja:異人館">foreign residences</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kitano-cho" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitano-cho">Kitano area</a> of Kobe</figcaption></figure> <p>Kobe is most famous for its <a href="/wiki/Kobe_beef" title="Kobe beef">Kobe beef</a> (which is raised in the surrounding Hyōgo Prefecture) and <a href="/wiki/Arima_Onsen" title="Arima Onsen">Arima Onsen</a> (hot springs). Notable buildings include the <a href="/wiki/Ikuta_Shrine" title="Ikuta Shrine">Ikuta Shrine</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Port_Tower" title="Kobe Port Tower">Kobe Port Tower</a>. Nearby mountains such as <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rokk%C5%8D" title="Mount Rokkō">Mount Rokkō</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Maya" title="Mount Maya">Mount Maya</a> overlook the city. </p><p>The city is widely associated with cosmopolitanism and fashion, encapsulated in the Japanese saying, "If you can't go to Paris, go to Kobe."<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The biannual fashion event Kobe Fashion Week, featuring the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Collection" title="Kobe Collection">Kobe Collection</a>, is held in Kobe.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The jazz festival "Kobe Jazz Street" has been held every October at jazz clubs and hotels since 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also hosts both a Festival, as well as a statue of <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a>, the unveiling of which was heralded by the presence of former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a> <a href="/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi" title="Junichiro Koizumi">Junichiro Koizumi</a>. Kobe is well known in Japan as being a city for the affluent, as many high-end stores and mansions line its streets. </p><p>Kobe is the site of Japan's first golf course, <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Golf_Club" title="Kobe Golf Club">Kobe Golf Club</a>, established by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hesketh_Groom" title="Arthur Hesketh Groom">Arthur Hesketh Groom</a> in 1903,<sup id="cite_ref-golfclubatlas_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-golfclubatlas-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Japan's first <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Mosque" title="Kobe Mosque">Kobe Mosque</a>, built in 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city hosts the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Regatta_%26_Athletic_Club" title="Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club">Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club</a>, founded in 1870 by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Cameron_Sim" title="Alexander Cameron Sim">Alexander Cameron Sim</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-krac_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-krac-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a prominent <a href="/wiki/Foreign_cemeteries_in_Japan#Kobe" title="Foreign cemeteries in Japan">foreign cemetery</a>. A number of Western-style residences – <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">ijinkan</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E4%BA%BA%E9%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="ja:異人館">異人館</a></span></span>)</span> – from the 19th century still stand in <a href="/wiki/Kitano-ch%C5%8D" title="Kitano-chō">Kitano</a> and elsewhere in Kobe. Museums include the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_City_Museum" title="Kobe City Museum">Kobe City Museum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kobe_City_Museum_of_Literature" title="Kobe City Museum of Literature">Museum of Literature</a>. </p><p>The city headquarters the <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_promotion" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional wrestling promotion">professional wrestling promotion</a> <a href="/wiki/Dragongate" title="Dragongate">Dragongate</a>, established in 2004 as an offshoot of <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Altimo_Drag%C3%B3n" title="Último Dragón">Último Dragón</a>'s original <a href="/wiki/Toryumon_(%C3%9Altimo_Drag%C3%B3n)" title="Toryumon (Último Dragón)">Toryumon</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dialect spoken in Kobe is called <i>Kobe-ben</i>, a sub-dialect of <a href="/wiki/Kansai_dialect" title="Kansai dialect">Kansai dialect</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Club </th> <th scope="col">Sport </th> <th scope="col">League </th> <th scope="col">Venue </th> <th scope="col">Established </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Storks" title="Kobe Storks">Kobe Storks</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan_Professional_Basketball_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan Professional Basketball League">Japan Professional Basketball League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Memorial_Hall" title="World Memorial Hall">World Memorial Hall</a> </td> <td>2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Orix_Buffaloes" title="Orix Buffaloes">Orix Buffaloes</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacific_League" title="Pacific League">Pacific League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Sports_Park_Baseball_Stadium" title="Kobe Sports Park Baseball Stadium">Kobe Sports Park Baseball Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Dome" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka Dome">Osaka Dome</a> </td> <td>1938 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vissel_Kobe" title="Vissel Kobe">Vissel Kobe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Football</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/J._League" class="mw-redirect" title="J. League">J. League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kobe_City_Misaki_Park_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe City Misaki Park Stadium">Noevir Stadium Kobe</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Universiade_Memorial_Stadium" title="Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium">Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium</a> </td> <td>1995 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/INAC_Kobe_Leonessa" title="INAC Kobe Leonessa">INAC Kobe Leonessa</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Football</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/L._League" class="mw-redirect" title="L. League">L. League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kobe_City_Misaki_Park_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe City Misaki Park Stadium">Noevir Stadium Kobe</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Universiade_Memorial_Stadium" title="Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium">Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium</a> </td> <td>2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Deu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Kobe" title="Deução Kobe">Deução Kobe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Futsal" title="Futsal">Futsal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/F._League" class="mw-redirect" title="F. League">F. League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Memorial_Hall" title="World Memorial Hall">World Hall</a> </td> <td>1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kobelco_Steelers" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobelco Steelers">Kobelco Steelers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">Rugby</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Top_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Top League">Top League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kobe_City_Misaki_Park_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe City Misaki Park Stadium">Noevir Stadium Kobe</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Universiade_Memorial_Stadium" title="Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium">Kobe Universiade Memorial Stadium</a> </td> <td>1928 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hisamitsu_Springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisamitsu Springs">Hisamitsu Springs</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">Volleyball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/V.League_(Japan)" title="V.League (Japan)">V.Premier League</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1948 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Kobe hosted the <a href="/wiki/1985_Summer_Universiade" title="1985 Summer Universiade">1985 Summer Universiade</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/1991_ABC_Championship" title="1991 ABC Championship">1991 Men's Asian Basketball Championship</a>, which was the qualifier for the <a href="/wiki/Basketball_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Basketball at the 1992 Summer Olympics">1992 Summer Olympics Basketball Tournament</a>. Kobe was one of the host cities of the <a href="/wiki/2002_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2002 FIFA World Cup">2002 FIFA World Cup</a>, hosting matches at <a href="/wiki/Kobe_City_Misaki_Park_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe City Misaki Park Stadium">Noevir Stadium Kobe</a> (then known as Wing Stadium Kobe), which was renovated to increase its capacity to 40,000 for the event. Kobe was one of the host cities for the official <a href="/wiki/2006_Women%27s_Volleyball_World_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Women's Volleyball World Championship">2006 Women's Volleyball World Championship</a>. </p><p>Kobe also hosted the World Darts Federation World Cup in October 2017. The event was held in the Exhibition Hall in Port Island with over 50 countries competing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Sister cities</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Japan" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan">List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan</a></div> <p>Kobe's <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">sister cities</a> are:<sup id="cite_ref-sisters_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sisters-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, Spain (1993)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>, Australia (1985)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a>, South Korea (2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a>, Italy (1963)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur" title="Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</a>, France (1961)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a>, Latvia (1974)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/60px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, Brazil (1969)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">WA</a>, United States (1957)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a>, China (1973)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, United Kingdom (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <p><b>Friendship and cooperation cities</b> Kobe also cooperates with:<sup id="cite_ref-sisters_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sisters-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a>, South Korea (2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Faisalabad" title="Faisalabad">Faisalabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a>, Pakistan (2000)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda"><img alt="Rwanda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kigali" title="Kigali">Kigali</a>, Rwanda (2016)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">PA</a>, United States (1986)</li></ul> </div> <p>A memorandum of understanding on the possible establishment of sister city relations in the future was concluded in 2019 with <a href="/wiki/Ahmedabad" title="Ahmedabad">Ahmedabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, India.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Sister ports</b> The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Kobe" title="Port of Kobe">Port of Kobe</a>'s sister ports are:<sup id="cite_ref-sisters_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sisters-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Rotterdam" title="Port of Rotterdam">Port of Rotterdam</a>, Netherlands (1967)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Seattle" title="Port of Seattle">Port of Seattle</a>, United States (1967)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Tianjin" title="Port of Tianjin">Port of Tianjin</a>, China</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anyoin03_1024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An'yō-in. Its karesansui is one of Japan's Places of Scenic Beauty."><img alt="An'yō-in. Its karesansui is one of Japan's Places of Scenic Beauty." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Anyoin03_1024.jpg/120px-Anyoin03_1024.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Anyoin03_1024.jpg/250px-Anyoin03_1024.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2010" data-file-height="1340" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/An%27y%C5%8D-in_(Kobe)" title="An'yō-in (Kobe)">An'yō-in</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock_garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese rock garden">karesansui</a> is one of Japan's <a href="/wiki/Places_of_Scenic_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="Places of Scenic Beauty">Places of Scenic Beauty</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:140517_Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum_Japan02bs.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe Municipal Arboretum"><img alt="Kobe Municipal Arboretum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/140517_Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum_Japan02bs.jpg/120px-140517_Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum_Japan02bs.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/140517_Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum_Japan02bs.jpg/180px-140517_Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum_Japan02bs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/140517_Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum_Japan02bs.jpg/240px-140517_Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum_Japan02bs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Municipal_Arboretum" title="Kobe Municipal Arboretum">Kobe Municipal Arboretum</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_port_tower11s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe Port Tower"><img alt="Kobe Port Tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kobe_port_tower11s3200.jpg/80px-Kobe_port_tower11s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kobe_port_tower11s3200.jpg/120px-Kobe_port_tower11s3200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Kobe_port_tower11s3200.jpg/160px-Kobe_port_tower11s3200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2142" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Port_Tower" title="Kobe Port Tower">Kobe Port Tower</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosaic04s3200.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Harborland"><img alt="Harborland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mosaic04s3200.jpg/120px-Mosaic04s3200.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mosaic04s3200.jpg/250px-Mosaic04s3200.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2142" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Harborland" title="Harborland">Harborland</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Be_kobe_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Be Kobe" sign near Harborland"><img alt=""Be Kobe" sign near Harborland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Be_kobe_sign.jpg/120px-Be_kobe_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Be_kobe_sign.jpg/250px-Be_kobe_sign.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">"Be Kobe" sign near <a href="/wiki/Harborland" title="Harborland">Harborland</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe_Nankinmachi_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nankin-machi, Motomachi"><img alt="Nankin-machi, Motomachi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Kobe_Nankinmachi_at_night.jpg/120px-Kobe_Nankinmachi_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Kobe_Nankinmachi_at_night.jpg/180px-Kobe_Nankinmachi_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Kobe_Nankinmachi_at_night.jpg/240px-Kobe_Nankinmachi_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nankin-machi" title="Nankin-machi">Nankin-machi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motomachi,_Kobe" title="Motomachi, Kobe">Motomachi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Giant_panda01_960.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe Oji Zoo as home of the giant and red pandas"><img alt="Kobe Oji Zoo as home of the giant and red pandas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Giant_panda01_960.jpg/120px-Giant_panda01_960.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Giant_panda01_960.jpg/250px-Giant_panda01_960.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Oji_Zoo" title="Kobe Oji Zoo">Kobe Oji Zoo</a> as home of the <a href="/wiki/Giant_panda" title="Giant panda">giant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red_panda" title="Red panda">red pandas</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:171125_Kobe_Municipal_Foreign_Cemetery_Kobe_Japan01s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Foreigners' cemetery on the slopes of Futatabiyama"><img alt="Foreigners' cemetery on the slopes of Futatabiyama" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/171125_Kobe_Municipal_Foreign_Cemetery_Kobe_Japan01s.jpg/120px-171125_Kobe_Municipal_Foreign_Cemetery_Kobe_Japan01s.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/171125_Kobe_Municipal_Foreign_Cemetery_Kobe_Japan01s.jpg/250px-171125_Kobe_Municipal_Foreign_Cemetery_Kobe_Japan01s.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="5400" data-file-height="3600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_cemeteries_in_Japan#Kobe" title="Foreign cemeteries in Japan">Foreigners' cemetery</a> on the slopes of Futatabiyama</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Notre_Dame_Kobe_Japan01-r.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Notre Dame Kobe Wedding Hall"><img alt="Notre Dame Kobe Wedding Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Notre_Dame_Kobe_Japan01-r.jpg/120px-Notre_Dame_Kobe_Japan01-r.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Notre_Dame_Kobe_Japan01-r.jpg/250px-Notre_Dame_Kobe_Japan01-r.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Notre Dame Kobe Wedding Hall</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:170811_Rokko-Arima_Ropeway_Kobe_Japan00n.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arima Onsen located north of Kobe"><img alt="Arima Onsen located north of Kobe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/170811_Rokko-Arima_Ropeway_Kobe_Japan00n.jpg/120px-170811_Rokko-Arima_Ropeway_Kobe_Japan00n.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/170811_Rokko-Arima_Ropeway_Kobe_Japan00n.jpg/250px-170811_Rokko-Arima_Ropeway_Kobe_Japan00n.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2907" data-file-height="1938" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Arima_Onsen" title="Arima Onsen">Arima Onsen</a> located north of Kobe</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:171125_Futatabi_Park_Kobe_Japan02s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Futatabi Park located Mount Rokkō"><img alt="Futatabi Park located Mount Rokkō" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/171125_Futatabi_Park_Kobe_Japan02s.jpg/120px-171125_Futatabi_Park_Kobe_Japan02s.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/171125_Futatabi_Park_Kobe_Japan02s.jpg/180px-171125_Futatabi_Park_Kobe_Japan02s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/171125_Futatabi_Park_Kobe_Japan02s.jpg/240px-171125_Futatabi_Park_Kobe_Japan02s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5250" data-file-height="3500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Futatabi Park located <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rokk%C5%8D" title="Mount Rokkō">Mount Rokkō</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/UEA/uea_code_e.htm">"UEA Code Tables"</a>. Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 26,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UEA+Code+Tables&rft.pub=Center+for+Spatial+Information+Science%2C+University+of+Tokyo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp%2FUEA%2Fuea_code_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGabriele_Zanatta2016" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gabriele Zanatta (April 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2016/04/13/kobe48.html">"Kobe"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/La_Repubblica" title="La Repubblica">la Repubblica</a></i> (in Italian). p. 48.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=la+Repubblica&rft.atitle=Kobe&rft.pages=48&rft.date=2016-04-13&rft.au=Gabriele+Zanatta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fricerca.repubblica.it%2Frepubblica%2Farchivio%2Frepubblica%2F2016%2F04%2F13%2Fkobe48.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ikutahistory-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ikutahistory_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ikutahistory_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ikutajinja.or.jp/index1.html">Ikuta Shrine official website</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080404125132/http://www.ikutajinja.or.jp/index1.html">Archived</a> April 4, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "History of Ikuta Shrine" (Japanese)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kobecityinfo-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kobecityinfo_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kobecityinfo_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kobecityinfo_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cityofkobe.org/about-kobe/history/">Kobe City Info</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080616060627/http://www.kobecityinfo.com/history.html">Archived</a> June 16, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "History". Retrieved February 2, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nagasakiu-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nagasakiu_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nagasakiu_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hikoma.lb.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/en/target.php?id=5363">Nagasaki University</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070516202402/http://hikoma.lb.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/en/target.php?id=5363">Archived</a> May 16, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Ikuta Shrine". Retrieved February 3, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kojien_kanbe-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kojien_kanbe_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kojien_kanbe_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Entry for <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja-Hani">「神戸（かんべ）」</span></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Djien" title="Kōjien">Kōjien</a></i>, fifth edition, 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/4-00-080111-2" title="Special:BookSources/4-00-080111-2">4-00-080111-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-busyport2006-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-busyport2006_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/Statistics/worldportrankings%5F2006.xls">American Association of Port Authorities</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081221123213/http://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/Statistics/worldportrankings_2006.xls">Archived</a> December 21, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "World Port Rankings 2006". Retrieved April 15, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-foreign_hq-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-foreign_hq_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-foreign_hq_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Number of foreign corporations with headquarters in Kobe passes 100." (Japanese) in Nikkei Net, retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikkei.co.jp/news/retto/20070702c6b0202c02.html">NIKKEI.net</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070706011802/http://www.nikkei.co.jp/news/retto/20070702c6b0202c02.html">Archived</a> July 6, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on July 3, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-companyhq-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-companyhq_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hyogo-kobe.jp/english/list/company.html">Hyogo-Kobe Investment Guide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061208073732/http://www.hyogo-kobe.jp/english/list/company.html">Archived</a> December 8, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "List of Foreign Enterprises and Examples". Retrieved February 8, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oldkobehistory-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oldkobehistory_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldkobehistory_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oldkobehistory_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/15/020/youran/rekishi.html">City of Kobe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070918145414/http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/15/020/youran/rekishi.html">Archived</a> September 18, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Kobe's History" (Japanese). Retrieved October 22, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hyogotsu-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hyogotsu_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hyogotsu_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hyogo-tourism.jp/english/hyogotsu/index.html">Hyogo International Tourism Guide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061130123308/http://www.hyogo-tourism.jp/english/hyogotsu/index.html">Archived</a> November 30, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Hyogo-tsu". Retrieved February 2, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/06/014/year/year.html#3">City of Kobe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080420204218/http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/06/014/year/year.html#3">Archived</a> April 20, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Old Kobe" (Japanese). Retrieved February 16, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.ashiya.hyogo.jp/english/history.html">City of Ashiya</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080617011231/http://www.city.ashiya.hyogo.jp/english/history.html">Archived</a> June 17, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "An Outline History of Ashiya". Retrieved February 16, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Whitney_HallMarius_B._Jansen1988" class="citation book cs1">John Whitney Hall; Marius B. Jansen (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7OFYajIf9QgC&pg=PA304"><i>The Cambridge History of Japan</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 304. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22356-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-22356-0"><bdi>978-0-521-22356-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Japan&rft.pages=304&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-521-22356-0&rft.au=John+Whitney+Hall&rft.au=Marius+B.+Jansen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7OFYajIf9QgC%26pg%3DPA304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/id?110089">NYPL Digital Library</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prop1.org/prop1/jkobef.htm">Kobe City Council</a> – "Resolution on the Rejection of the Visit of Nuclear-Armed Warships into Kobe Port", March 18, 1975. Retrieved February 16, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kamimura, Naoki. "Japanese Civil Society and U.S.-Japan Security Relations in the 1990s". retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ippnw.org/MGS/V7N1Kamimura.html">International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060516075014/http://www.ippnw.org/MGS/V7N1Kamimura.html">Archived</a> May 16, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on February 2, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080625151141/http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/06/013/report/january.2008.pdf">The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Statistics and Restoration Progress</a> (Jan. 2008). 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Retrieved July 25, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kippo.or.jp/culture_e/syoku/sakejijo/sakejijo1.html">Kansai Window</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060619122900/http://www.kippo.or.jp/culture_e/syoku/sakejijo/sakejijo1.html">Archived</a> June 19, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, "Japan's number one sake production". Retrieved February 6, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php?prec_no=63&block_no=47770&year=&month=12&day=&view=h0"><bdi lang="ja">気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Japan_Meteorological_Agency" title="Japan Meteorological Agency">Japan Meteorological Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Kobe Government. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.lg.jp/information/data/statistics/toukei/datakobe/data/dk3003.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on April 14, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved October 2, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pocket_statistics-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pocket_statistics_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/06/013/toukei/contents/pocket.html">City of Kobe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070808061701/http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/06/013/toukei/contents/pocket.html">Archived</a> August 8, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Statistical Summary of Kobe". 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Retrieved on January 15, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/27/kigyo-yuchi/invest-kobe/e/access/domestic/index.html">Hyogo-Kobe Investment Guide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080616083057/http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/27/kigyo-yuchi/invest-kobe/e/access/domestic/index.html">Archived</a> June 16, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Domestic Access". Retrieved February 15, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kobe_schools-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kobe_schools_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kobe_schools_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/57/kyouikutyousa/index.html">City of Kobe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927011449/http://www.city.kobe.jp/cityoffice/57/kyouikutyousa/index.html">Archived</a> September 27, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Number of municipal schools and students" (Japanese). Retrieved July 2, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.pref.hyogo.jp/pa15/pa15_000000005.html">Hyogo Prefectural Government</a> – "Private elementary schools" (Japanese). Retrieved July 2, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.pref.hyogo.jp/pa15/pa15_000000004.html">Hyogo Prefectural Government</a> – "Private middle schools" (Japanese). Retrieved July 2, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.lg.jp/child/college/highschool/">City of Kobe</a> – "Municipal high school" (Japanese). Retrieved March 2, 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.pref.hyogo.jp/pa15/pa15_000000003.html">Hyogo Prefectural Government</a> – "Private high schools" (Japanese). Retrieved July 2, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hassan, Sally. (April 9, 1989). "Where Japan Opened a Door To the West". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DEED6173FF93AA35757C0A96F948260&sec=travel&spon=&partner=permalink&exprod=permalink">New York Times website</a> on February 7, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kobe-collection.com/">Kobe Collection Official Website</a> (Japanese). Retrieved February 27, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kobejazzstreet.gr.jp/history/english.html">Kobe Jazz Street</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070210181938/http://www.kobejazzstreet.gr.jp/history/english.html">Archived</a> February 10, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved March 12, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-golfclubatlas-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-golfclubatlas_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.golfclubatlas.com/alison1.html">Golf Club Atlas</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070218222750/http://www.golfclubatlas.com/alison1.html">Archived</a> February 18, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Gliding Past Fuji – C.H. Alison in Japan". Retrieved February 7, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Penn, M. "Islam in Japan", <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asiaquarterly.com/content/view/168/">Harvard Asia Quarterly</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070202212653/http://www.asiaquarterly.com/content/view/168/">Archived</a> February 2, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> Vol. 10, No. 1, Winter 2006. Retrieved February 15, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-krac-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-krac_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.krac.org/history.shtml">Kobe Regatta and Athletic Club</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070310152249/http://www.krac.org/history.shtml">Archived</a> March 10, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "a distinguished history". Retrieved February 7, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarroll2013" class="citation web cs1">Carroll, John (January 7, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voicesofwrestling.com/2016/01/07/dragon-gate-101-history-and-generations/">"Dragon Gate 101 – History and Generations"</a>. <i>Voices of Wrestling</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Voices+of+Wrestling&rft.atitle=Dragon+Gate+101+%E2%80%93+History+and+Generations&rft.date=2013-01-07&rft.aulast=Carroll&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voicesofwrestling.com%2F2016%2F01%2F07%2Fdragon-gate-101-history-and-generations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sisters-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sisters_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sisters_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sisters_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://global.kobe-investment.jp/english/info-kobe.php">"About Kobe"</a>. Global Kobe Investment<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Kobe&rft.pub=Global+Kobe+Investment&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobal.kobe-investment.jp%2Fenglish%2Finfo-kobe.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/news/hydrogen-twin-cities-award-aberdeen-and-kobe-japan">"Hydrogen Twin Cities Award for Aberdeen and Kobe, Japan | Aberdeen City Council"</a>. November 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hydrogen+Twin+Cities+Award+for+Aberdeen+and+Kobe%2C+Japan+%26%23124%3B+Aberdeen+City+Council&rft.date=2022-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aberdeencity.gov.uk%2Fnews%2Fhydrogen-twin-cities-award-aberdeen-and-kobe-japan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/kobe-ahmedabad-to-be-sister-cities/articleshow/69980264.cms">"Kobe, Ahmedabad to be sister cities"</a>. Times of India. June 27, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kobe%2C+Ahmedabad+to+be+sister+cities&rft.date=2019-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fahmedabad%2Fkobe-ahmedabad-to-be-sister-cities%2Farticleshow%2F69980264.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Kobe#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Kobe">Bibliography of the history of Kobe</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kobe&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kobe" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kobe">Kobe</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Kobe#Q48320" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Kobe">Kobe</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/120px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B8" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:神戸">神戸</a></b></i> or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/K%C5%8Dbe" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Kōbe">Kōbe</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/60px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/120px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the 1920 <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a></i> article <i><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Kob%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="s:The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/Kobé">Kobé</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kobe_by_decade" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kobe by decade">History of Kobe</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kobe.lg.jp">Kobe City official website</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Japanese)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120922041935/http://www.city.kobe.lg.jp/foreign/english/index.html">Kobe City official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchresult.cfm?word=Kobe%2Dshi%20%28Japan%29&s=3&notword=&f=2">New York Public Library Digital Gallery</a> – late 19th-century photographs of Kobe</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/900329">Kobe</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/kobecitychannel"><span class="plainlinks">Kobe City</span>'s channel</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_user_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube user (identifier)">YouTube</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Japanese)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Kōbé"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/K%C5%8Db%C3%A9">"Kōbé" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1905.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=K%C5%8Db%C3%A9&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/Kobe"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/Kobe">"Kobe" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collier%27s_Encyclopedia" title="Collier's Encyclopedia">Collier's New Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1921.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kobe&rft.btitle=Collier%27s+New+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKobe" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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title="Template talk:Hyogo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hyogo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hyogo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20x20px_Hyōgo_Prefecture281" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shadow_picture_of_Hyogo_prefecture.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Shadow_picture_of_Hyogo_prefecture.png/15px-Shadow_picture_of_Hyogo_prefecture.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Shadow_picture_of_Hyogo_prefecture.png/22px-Shadow_picture_of_Hyogo_prefecture.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Shadow_picture_of_Hyogo_prefecture.png/29px-Shadow_picture_of_Hyogo_prefecture.png 2x" data-file-width="287" data-file-height="391" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo Prefecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kobe</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_Japan" title="List of capitals in Japan">capital</a>)</small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kobe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Wards24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wards_of_Japan" title="Wards of Japan">Wards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D-ku,_Kobe" title="Chūō-ku, Kobe">Chūō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashinada-ku,_Kobe" title="Higashinada-ku, Kobe">Higashinada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo-ku,_Kobe" title="Hyōgo-ku, Kobe">Hyōgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita-ku,_Kobe" title="Kita-ku, Kobe">Kita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nada-ku,_Kobe" title="Nada-ku, Kobe">Nada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagata-ku,_Kobe" title="Nagata-ku, Kobe">Nagata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishi-ku,_Kobe" title="Nishi-ku, Kobe">Nishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suma-ku,_Kobe" title="Suma-ku, Kobe">Suma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarumi-ku,_Kobe" title="Tarumi-ku, Kobe">Tarumi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hyogo_Prefecture.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Hyōgo Prefecture"><img alt="Flag of Hyōgo Prefecture" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Hyogo_Prefecture.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hyogo_Prefecture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Hyogo_Prefecture.svg/120px-Flag_of_Hyogo_Prefecture.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="646" data-file-height="454" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Core_cities_of_Japan" title="Core cities of Japan">Core cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akashi, Hyōgo">Akashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amagasaki" title="Amagasaki">Amagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himeji" title="Himeji">Himeji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishinomiya" title="Nishinomiya">Nishinomiya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_Japan" title="Special cities of Japan">Special cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kakogawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kakogawa, Hyōgo">Kakogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takarazuka,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Takarazuka, Hyōgo">Takarazuka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aioi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Aioi, Hyōgo">Aioi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ak%C5%8D,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akō, Hyōgo">Akō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asago,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Asago, Hyōgo">Asago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashiya,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Ashiya, Hyōgo">Ashiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awaji,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Awaji, Hyōgo">Awaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itami,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Itami, Hyōgo">Itami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasai,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kasai, Hyōgo">Kasai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Katō, Hyōgo">Katō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawanishi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kawanishi, Hyōgo">Kawanishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miki,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Miki, Hyōgo">Miki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minamiawaji" title="Minamiawaji">Minamiawaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishiwaki,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Nishiwaki, Hyōgo">Nishiwaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ono,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Ono, Hyōgo">Ono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanda,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Sanda, Hyōgo">Sanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shis%C5%8D,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Shisō, Hyōgo">Shisō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumoto,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Sumoto, Hyōgo">Sumoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takasago,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Takasago, Hyōgo">Takasago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanba,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanba, Hyōgo">Tamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamba-Sasayama" title="Tamba-Sasayama">Tamba-Sasayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatsuno,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Tatsuno, Hyōgo">Tatsuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyooka,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Toyooka, Hyōgo">Toyooka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yabu,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Yabu, Hyōgo">Yabu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ak%C5%8D_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akō District, Hyōgo">Akō District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamig%C5%8Dri,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kamigōri, Hyōgo">Kamigōri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibo_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Ibo District, Hyōgo">Ibo District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taishi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Taishi, Hyōgo">Taishi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kako_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kako District, Hyōgo">Kako District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harima,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Harima, Hyōgo">Harima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inami,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Inami, Hyōgo">Inami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanzaki_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kanzaki District, Hyōgo">Kanzaki District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fukusaki,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Fukusaki, Hyōgo">Fukusaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichikawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Ichikawa, Hyōgo">Ichikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamikawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kamikawa, Hyōgo">Kamikawa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawabe_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kawabe District, Hyōgo">Kawabe District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inagawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Inagawa, Hyōgo">Inagawa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikata_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Mikata District, Hyōgo">Mikata District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kami,_Hy%C5%8Dgo_(Mikata)" title="Kami, Hyōgo (Mikata)">Kami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin%27onsen,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Shin'onsen, Hyōgo">Shin'onsen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Say%C5%8D_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayō District, Hyōgo">Sayō District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Say%C5%8D,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Sayō, Hyōgo">Sayō</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taka_District,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Taka District, Hyōgo">Taka District</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taka,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Taka, Hyōgo">Taka</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_in_Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="List of mergers in Hyōgo Prefecture">List of mergers in Hyōgo Prefecture</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan237" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan" title="Template:Metropolitan cities of Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan" title="Template talk:Metropolitan cities of Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metropolitan cities of Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metropolitan_cities_of_Japan237" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Japan" title="List of cities in Japan">Metropolitan cities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo Metropolis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_wards_of_Tokyo" title="Special wards of Tokyo">Special wards of Tokyo</a><sup>※</sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adachi,_Tokyo" title="Adachi, Tokyo">Adachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arakawa,_Tokyo" title="Arakawa, Tokyo">Arakawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunky%C5%8D" title="Bunkyō">Bunkyō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo" title="Chiyoda, Tokyo">Chiyoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%AB%C5%8D,_Tokyo" title="Chūō, Tokyo">Chūō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edogawa,_Tokyo" title="Edogawa, Tokyo">Edogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itabashi" title="Itabashi">Itabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsushika" title="Katsushika">Katsushika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita,_Tokyo" title="Kita, Tokyo">Kita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Kōtō">Kōtō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meguro" title="Meguro">Meguro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo" title="Minato, Tokyo">Minato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakano,_Tokyo" title="Nakano, Tokyo">Nakano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerima" title="Nerima">Nerima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Tokyo" title="Ōta, Tokyo">Ōta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setagaya" title="Setagaya">Setagaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibuya" title="Shibuya">Shibuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinagawa" title="Shinagawa">Shinagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinjuku" title="Shinjuku">Shinjuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suginami" title="Suginami">Suginami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumida,_Tokyo" title="Sumida, Tokyo">Sumida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshima" title="Toshima">Toshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tait%C5%8D" title="Taitō">Taitō</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_designated_by_government_ordinance_of_Japan" title="Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan">Designated cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiba_(city)" title="Chiba (city)">Chiba</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu" title="Hamamatsu">Hamamatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Kawasaki, Kanagawa">Kawasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitakyushu" title="Kitakyushu">Kitakyushu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kobe</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto" title="Kumamoto">Kumamoto</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niigata_(city)" title="Niigata (city)">Niigata</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okayama" title="Okayama">Okayama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagamihara" title="Sagamihara">Sagamihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saitama_(city)" title="Saitama (city)">Saitama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakai" title="Sakai">Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo">Sapporo</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_(city)" title="Shizuoka (city)">Shizuoka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a><sup>※</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Core_cities_of_Japan" title="Core cities of Japan">Core cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akashi, Hyōgo">Akashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akita_(city)" title="Akita (city)">Akita</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amagasaki" title="Amagasaki">Amagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aomori" title="Aomori">Aomori</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asahikawa" title="Asahikawa">Asahikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukui_(city)" title="Fukui (city)">Fukui</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_(city)" title="Fukushima (city)">Fukushima</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuyama,_Hiroshima" title="Fukuyama, Hiroshima">Fukuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funabashi" title="Funabashi">Funabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifu" title="Gifu">Gifu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachinohe" title="Hachinohe">Hachinohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachi%C5%8Dji" title="Hachiōji">Hachiōji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakodate" title="Hakodate">Hakodate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashi%C5%8Dsaka" title="Higashiōsaka">Higashiōsaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himeji" title="Himeji">Himeji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirakata" title="Hirakata">Hirakata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichinomiya,_Aichi" title="Ichinomiya, Aichi">Ichinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaki,_Fukushima" title="Iwaki, Fukushima">Iwaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanazawa" title="Kanazawa">Kanazawa</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashiwa" title="Kashiwa">Kashiwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawagoe,_Saitama" title="Kawagoe, Saitama">Kawagoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaguchi,_Saitama" title="Kawaguchi, Saitama">Kawaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi,_K%C5%8Dchi" title="Kōchi, Kōchi">Kōchi</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dfu" title="Kōfu">Kōfu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Driyama" title="Kōriyama">Kōriyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshigaya" title="Koshigaya">Koshigaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurashiki" title="Kurashiki">Kurashiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kure,_Hiroshima" title="Kure, Hiroshima">Kure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurume" title="Kurume">Kurume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maebashi" title="Maebashi">Maebashi</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsue" title="Matsue">Matsue</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsumoto,_Nagano" title="Matsumoto, Nagano">Matsumoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsuyama" title="Matsuyama">Matsuyama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_(city)" title="Miyazaki (city)">Miyazaki</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mito,_Ibaraki" title="Mito, Ibaraki">Mito</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morioka" title="Morioka">Morioka</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naha" title="Naha">Naha</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagano_(city)" title="Nagano (city)">Nagano</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara_(city)" title="Nara (city)">Nara</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neyagawa,_Osaka" title="Neyagawa, Osaka">Neyagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishinomiya" title="Nishinomiya">Nishinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_(city)" title="Ōita (city)">Ōita</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazaki,_Aichi" title="Okazaki, Aichi">Okazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ctsu" title="Ōtsu">Ōtsu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasebo" title="Sasebo">Sasebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimonoseki" title="Shimonoseki">Shimonoseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suita" title="Suita">Suita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takamatsu" title="Takamatsu">Takamatsu</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takasaki" title="Takasaki">Takasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takatsuki" title="Takatsuki">Takatsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottori_(city)" title="Tottori (city)">Tottori</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyama_(city)" title="Toyama (city)">Toyama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyohashi" title="Toyohashi">Toyohashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyonaka" title="Toyonaka">Toyonaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota,_Aichi" title="Toyota, Aichi">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya" title="Utsunomiya">Utsunomiya</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_(city)" title="Wakayama (city)">Wakayama</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao,_Osaka" title="Yao, Osaka">Yao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_(city)" title="Yamagata (city)">Yamagata</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka" title="Yokosuka">Yokosuka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_Japan" title="Special cities of Japan">Special cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atsugi" title="Atsugi">Atsugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chigasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Chigasaki, Kanagawa">Chigasaki</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuji,_Shizuoka" title="Fuji, Shizuoka">Fuji</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiratsuka" title="Hiratsuka">Hiratsuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki,_Osaka" title="Ibaraki, Osaka">Ibaraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isesaki" title="Isesaki">Isesaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Detsu,_Niigata" title="Jōetsu, Niigata">Jōetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakogawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kakogawa, Hyōgo">Kakogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasugai,_Aichi" title="Kasugai, Aichi">Kasugai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasukabe,_Saitama" title="Kasukabe, Saitama">Kasukabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishiwada,_Osaka" title="Kishiwada, Osaka">Kishiwada</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumagaya" title="Kumagaya">Kumagaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaoka,_Niigata" title="Nagaoka, Niigata">Nagaoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numazu" title="Numazu">Numazu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odawara" title="Odawara">Odawara</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Gunma" title="Ōta, Gunma">Ōta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga_(city)" title="Saga (city)">Saga</a><sup>※</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dka" title="Sōka">Sōka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takarazuka,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Takarazuka, Hyōgo">Takarazuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokorozawa,_Saitama" title="Tokorozawa, Saitama">Tokorozawa</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukuba" title="Tsukuba">Tsukuba</a><sup>☆</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamato,_Kanagawa" title="Yamato, Kanagawa">Yamato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokkaichi" title="Yokkaichi">Yokkaichi</a><sup>☆</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_Japan" title="List of capitals in Japan">Prefectural capitals</a><br /> <small>without designation</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tsu,_Mie" title="Tsu, Mie">Tsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokushima_(city)" title="Tokushima (city)">Tokushima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_(city)" title="Yamaguchi (city)">Yamaguchi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>※</sup> also a <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_Japan" title="List of capitals in Japan">prefectural capital</a>; <sup>†</sup> eligible for core city status but not yet nominated; <sup>☆</sup> to become core cities</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World&#039;s_50_most-populous_urban_areas63" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World%27s_most_populous_urban_areas" title="Template:World's most populous urban areas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World%27s_most_populous_urban_areas" title="Template talk:World's most populous urban areas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World%27s_most_populous_urban_areas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World's most populous urban areas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World&#039;s_50_most-populous_urban_areas63" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">World's 50 <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities" title="List of largest cities">most-populous urban areas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Tokyo_Area" title="Greater Tokyo Area">Tokyo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta_metropolitan_area" title="Jakarta metropolitan area">Jakarta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)" title="National Capital Region (India)">Delhi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Metropolitan_Region" title="Mumbai Metropolitan Region">Mumbai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manila_Area" title="Greater Manila Area">Manila</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Metropolitan_Area" title="Seoul Metropolitan Area">Seoul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cairo" title="Greater Cairo">Cairo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Mexico_City" title="Greater Mexico City">Mexico City</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="11"><li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolkata metropolitan area">Kolkata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="Greater São Paulo">São Paulo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Dhaka" title="Greater Dhaka">Dhaka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Region" title="Bangkok Metropolitan Region">Bangkok</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_metropolitan_area" title="Moscow metropolitan area">Moscow</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Buenos_Aires" title="Greater Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="21"><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>-<a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru" title="Bengaluru">Bengaluru</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City_metropolitan_area" title="Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area">Ho Chi Minh City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Keihanshin" title="Keihanshin">Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lagos" title="Lagos">Lagos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>–<a href="/wiki/Brazzaville" title="Brazzaville">Brazzaville</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="31"><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Tehran" title="Greater Tehran">Tehran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Greater Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_metropolitan_area" title="Chennai metropolitan area">Chennai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_metropolitan_area" title="Paris metropolitan area">Paris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou">Zhengzhou</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Luanda" title="Luanda">Luanda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Built-up_Area" title="Greater London Built-up Area">London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dongguan" title="Dongguan">Dongguan</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="41"><li><a href="/wiki/Lima_metropolitan_area" title="Lima metropolitan area">Lima</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Area_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Metropolitan Area of Bogotá">Bogotá</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_Metropolitan_Region" title="Hyderabad Metropolitan Region">Hyderabad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taipei%E2%80%93Keelung_metropolitan_area" title="Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area">Taipei</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABky%C5%8D_metropolitan_area" title="Chūkyō metropolitan area">Nagoya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Surabaya_metropolitan_area" title="Surabaya metropolitan area">Surabaya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bandung_metropolitan_area" title="Bandung metropolitan area">Bandung</a></li></ol></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Metropolitan_areas_in_Japan_with_a_population_of_over_a_million340" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:JPLargestMetros" title="Template:JPLargestMetros"><abbr title="View 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href="/wiki/Urban_Employment_Area" title="Urban Employment Area">Metropolitan areas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> with a population of over a million</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapporo metropolitan area">Sapporo</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11249471" class="extiw" title="d:Q11249471">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Subprefecture" title="Ishikari Subprefecture">Ishikari</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Shiribeshi_Subprefecture" title="Shiribeshi Subprefecture">Shiribeshi</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Sorachi_Subprefecture" title="Sorachi Subprefecture">Sorachi</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dhoku_region" title="Tōhoku region">Tōhoku region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sendai_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Sendai metropolitan area">Sendai</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11251512" class="extiw" title="d:Q11251512">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Prefecture" title="Miyagi Prefecture">Miyagi</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kant%C5%8D_region" title="Kantō region">Kantō region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Utsunomiya metropolitan area">Utsunomiya</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11449830" class="extiw" title="d:Q11449830">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maebashi_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Maebashi metropolitan area">Maebashi</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397332" class="extiw" title="d:Q11397332">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gunma_Prefecture" title="Gunma Prefecture">Gunma</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo metropolitan area">Tokyo</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture" title="Chiba Prefecture">Chiba</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Prefecture">Tokyo</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki_Prefecture" title="Ibaraki Prefecture">Ibaraki</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Yamanashi_Prefecture" title="Yamanashi Prefecture">Yamanashi</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABbu_region" title="Chūbu region">Chūbu region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niigata_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Niigata metropolitan area">Niigata</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11503605" class="extiw" title="d:Q11503605">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture" title="Niigata Prefecture">Niigata</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyama_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyama metropolitan area">Toyama</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456854" class="extiw" title="d:Q11456854">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Toyama_Prefecture" title="Toyama Prefecture">Toyama</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamamatsu metropolitan area">Hamamatsu</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11557888" class="extiw" title="d:Q11557888">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Shizuoka</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagoya metropolitan area">Nagoya</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24901650" class="extiw" title="d:Q24901650">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Gifu_Prefecture" title="Gifu Prefecture">Gifu</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Mie_Prefecture" title="Mie Prefecture">Mie</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kinki region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyoto metropolitan area">Kyoto</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375711" class="extiw" title="d:Q11375711">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Shiga_Prefecture" title="Shiga Prefecture">Shiga</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prefecture" title="Kyoto Prefecture">Kyoto</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Osaka metropolitan area">Osaka</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11441649" class="extiw" title="d:Q11441649">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Kyoto</span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" title="Osaka Prefecture">Osaka</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyogo</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Nara_Prefecture" title="Nara Prefecture">Nara</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_Prefecture" title="Wakayama Prefecture">Wakayama</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobe_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe metropolitan area">Kobe</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11590230" class="extiw" title="d:Q11590230">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Hyogo</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABgoku_region" title="Chūgoku region">Chūgoku region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okayama_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Okayama metropolitan area">Okayama</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11472765" class="extiw" title="d:Q11472765">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Okayama_Prefecture" title="Okayama Prefecture">Okayama</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima metropolitan area">Hiroshima</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11485286" class="extiw" title="d:Q11485286">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_Prefecture" title="Hiroshima Prefecture">Hiroshima</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitakyushu_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitakyushu metropolitan area">Kitakyushu</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10855764" class="extiw" title="d:Q10855764">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Fukuoka metropolitan area">Fukuoka</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11288342" class="extiw" title="d:Q11288342">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;">Fukuoka</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumamoto metropolitan area">Kumamoto</a><span style="font-size: 85%;"> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11568614" class="extiw" title="d:Q11568614">Wikidata</a>)</span> <ul><li><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_Prefecture" title="Kumamoto Prefecture">Kumamoto</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Cities_in_Japan_with_a_population_of_200,000+240" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Japan" title="Template:Most populous cities in Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Most_populous_cities_in_Japan" title="Template talk:Most populous cities in Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Most populous cities in Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Japan&#124;link=Japan_Cities_in_Japan_with_a_population_of_200,000+240" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Japan" title="List of cities in Japan">Cities in Japan with a population of 200,000+</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2,000,000 and more</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> (capital)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000–1,999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo">Sapporo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka" title="Fukuoka">Fukuoka</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Kawasaki, Kanagawa">Kawasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saitama_(city)" title="Saitama (city)">Saitama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000–999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitakyushu" title="Kitakyushu">Kitakyushu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiba_(city)" title="Chiba (city)">Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setagaya" title="Setagaya">Setagaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakai" title="Sakai">Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niigata_(city)" title="Niigata (city)">Niigata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamamatsu" title="Hamamatsu">Hamamatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_(city)" title="Shizuoka (city)">Shizuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagamihara" title="Sagamihara">Sagamihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerima" title="Nerima">Nerima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okayama" title="Okayama">Okayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Tokyo" title="Ōta, Tokyo">Ōta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto" title="Kumamoto">Kumamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edogawa,_Tokyo" title="Edogawa, Tokyo">Edogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adachi,_Tokyo" title="Adachi, Tokyo">Adachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funabashi" title="Funabashi">Funabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachi%C5%8Dji" title="Hachiōji">Hachiōji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaguchi,_Saitama" title="Kawaguchi, Saitama">Kawaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himeji" title="Himeji">Himeji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suginami" title="Suginami">Suginami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itabashi" title="Itabashi">Itabashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsuyama" title="Matsuyama">Matsuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higashi%C5%8Dsaka" title="Higashiōsaka">Higashiōsaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya" title="Utsunomiya">Utsunomiya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–499,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsudo" title="Matsudo">Matsudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishinomiya" title="Nishinomiya">Nishinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurashiki" title="Kurashiki">Kurashiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichikawa,_Chiba" title="Ichikawa, Chiba">Ichikawa, Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_(city)" title="Ōita (city)">Oita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukuyama,_Hiroshima" title="Fukuyama, Hiroshima">Fukuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amagasaki" title="Amagasaki">Amagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanazawa" title="Kanazawa">Kanazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dt%C5%8D" title="Kōtō">Kōtō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsushika" title="Katsushika">Katsushika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokosuka" title="Yokosuka">Yokosuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyama_(city)" title="Toyama (city)">Toyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota,_Aichi" title="Toyota, Aichi">Toyota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takamatsu,_Kagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Takamatsu, Kagawa">Takamatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machida,_Tokyo" title="Machida, Tokyo">Machida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifu" title="Gifu">Gifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirakata" title="Hirakata">Hirakata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujisawa,_Kanagawa" title="Fujisawa, Kanagawa">Fujisawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashiwa" title="Kashiwa">Kashiwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyonaka" title="Toyonaka">Toyonaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagano_(city)" title="Nagano (city)">Nagano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyohashi" title="Toyohashi">Toyohashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichinomiya,_Aichi" title="Ichinomiya, Aichi">Ichinomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_(city)" title="Wakayama (city)">Wakayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazaki,_Aichi" title="Okazaki, Aichi">Okazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_(city)" title="Miyazaki (city)">Miyazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara_(city)" title="Nara (city)">Nara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suita" title="Suita">Suita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takatsuki" title="Takatsuki">Takatsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinagawa" title="Shinagawa">Shinagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asahikawa" title="Asahikawa">Asahikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaki,_Fukushima" title="Iwaki, Fukushima">Iwaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kōchi (city)">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takasaki" title="Takasaki">Takasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Driyama" title="Kōriyama">Kōriyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokorozawa,_Saitama" title="Tokorozawa, Saitama">Tokorozawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawagoe,_Saitama" title="Kawagoe, Saitama">Kawagoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kita,_Tokyo" title="Kita, Tokyo">Kita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akita_(city)" title="Akita (city)">Akita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ctsu" title="Ōtsu">Ōtsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshigaya" title="Koshigaya">Koshigaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maebashi" title="Maebashi">Maebashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naha" title="Naha">Naha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakano,_Tokyo" title="Nakano, Tokyo">Nakano, Tokyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinjuku" title="Shinjuku">Shinjuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokkaichi" title="Yokkaichi">Yokkaichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aomori" title="Aomori">Aomori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurume" title="Kurume">Kurume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasugai,_Aichi" title="Kasugai, Aichi">Kasugai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morioka" title="Morioka">Morioka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akashi,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Akashi, Hyōgo">Akashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_(city)" title="Fukushima (city)">Fukushima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsu,_Mie" title="Tsu, Mie">Tsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimonoseki" title="Shimonoseki">Shimonoseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaoka,_Niigata" title="Nagaoka, Niigata">Nagaoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichihara,_Chiba" title="Ichihara, Chiba">Ichihara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakodate" title="Hakodate">Hakodate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao,_Osaka" title="Yao, Osaka">Yao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki,_Osaka" title="Ibaraki, Osaka">Ibaraki, Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fukui_(city)" title="Fukui (city)">Fukui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meguro" title="Meguro">Meguro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakogawa,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Kakogawa, Hyōgo">Kakogawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokushima_(city)" title="Tokushima (city)">Tokushima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mito,_Ibaraki" title="Mito, Ibaraki">Mito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiratsuka" title="Hiratsuka">Hiratsuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshima" title="Toshima">Toshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_(city)" title="Yamagata (city)">Yamagata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasebo" title="Sasebo">Sasebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuch%C5%AB,_Tokyo" title="Fuchū, Tokyo">Fuchū, Tokyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kure,_Hiroshima" title="Kure, Hiroshima">Kure, Hiroshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachinohe" title="Hachinohe">Hachinohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga_(city)" title="Saga (city)">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neyagawa,_Osaka" title="Neyagawa, Osaka">Neyagawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dka" title="Sōka">Sōka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumida,_Tokyo" title="Sumida, Tokyo">Sumida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuji,_Shizuoka" title="Fuji, Shizuoka">Fuji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasukabe,_Saitama" title="Kasukabe, Saitama">Kasukabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chigasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Chigasaki, Kanagawa">Chigasaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsumoto,_Nagano" title="Matsumoto, Nagano">Matsumoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atsugi" title="Atsugi">Atsugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamato,_Kanagawa" title="Yamato, Kanagawa">Yamato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ageo" title="Ageo">Ageo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takarazuka,_Hy%C5%8Dgo" title="Takarazuka, Hyōgo">Takarazuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dfu" title="Chōfu">Chōfu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Gunma" title="Ōta, Gunma">Ōta, Gunma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsukuba" title="Tsukuba">Tsukuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numazu" title="Numazu">Numazu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Detsu,_Niigata" title="Jōetsu, Niigata">Joetsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibuya" title="Shibuya">Shibuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo" title="Minato, Tokyo">Minato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumagaya" title="Kumagaya">Kumagaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isesaki" title="Isesaki">Isesaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishitokyo" title="Nishitokyo">Nishitokyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishiwada,_Osaka" title="Kishiwada, Osaka">Kishiwada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottori_(city)" title="Tottori (city)">Tottori</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48320#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1964" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48320#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1964" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48320#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404024501">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/251133013">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1207885/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJt3YvKxYqdBJXb9RBpF8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4195257-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80022953">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15296234c">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15296234c">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00257493">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kobe (Japonsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129600&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX5747814">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007561931205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/230b4d56-82b4-4538-84fc-fc8312235e5d">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01656879?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027406253">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon 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cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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