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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Manchu clan of the Plain White Banner</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/G%C5%ABwalgiya" title="Special:EditPage/Gūwalgiya">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22G%C5%ABwalgiya%22">"Gūwalgiya"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22G%C5%ABwalgiya%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22G%C5%ABwalgiya%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22G%C5%ABwalgiya%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22G%C5%ABwalgiya%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22G%C5%ABwalgiya%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Gūwalgiya</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Manchu name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Manchu_alphabet" title="Manchu alphabet">Manchu script</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237794275">.mw-parser-output .font-mong{font-family:"Menk Hawang Tig","Menk Qagan Tig","Menk Garqag Tig","Menk Har_a Tig","Menk Scnin Tig","Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig","Oyun Qagan Tig","Oyun Garqag Tig","Oyun Har_a Tig","Oyun Scnin Tig","Oyun Agula Tig","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White","Mongol Usug","Mongolian White","MongolianScript","Code2000","Menksoft Qagan"}.mw-parser-output .font-mong-mnc,.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(mnc-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(dta-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(sjo-Mong){font-family:"Abkai Xanyan","Abkai Xanyan LA","Abkai Xanyan VT","Abkai Xanyan XX","Abkai Xanyan SC","Abkai Buleku","Daicing White","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White"}</style><span lang="mnc" class="font-mong-mnc" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.25em; font-family:'Mongolian Baiti', 'Mongol Universal White', 'Noto Sans Mongolian', 'Abkai Xanyan', 'Abkai Xanyan LA', 'Abkai Xanyan VT', 'Abkai Xanyan XX', 'Abkai Xanyan SC', 'Abkai Buleku', 'Daicing White', 'Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig', 'Oyun Qagan Tig', 'Oyun Garqag Tig', 'Oyun Har_a Tig', 'Oyun Scnin Tig', 'Mongolian BT'; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237794275"><span class="font-mong-mnc" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.25em; font-family:'Mongolian Baiti', 'Mongol Universal White', 'Noto Sans Mongolian', 'Abkai Xanyan', 'Abkai Xanyan LA', 'Abkai Xanyan VT', 'Abkai Xanyan XX', 'Abkai Xanyan SC', 'Abkai Buleku', 'Daicing White', 'Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig', 'Oyun Qagan Tig', 'Oyun Garqag Tig', 'Oyun Har_a Tig', 'Oyun Scnin Tig', 'Mongolian BT'; -webkit-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -o-writing-mode: vertical-lr; -ms-writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: tb-lr; writing-mode: vertical-lr;; text-orientation: sideways; vertical-align:text-top;">ᡤᡡᠸᠠᠯᡤᡳᠶᠠ</span></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">瓜爾佳氏</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">瓜尔佳氏</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Guā'ěrjiāshì</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Manju_gisun.svg/9px-Manju_gisun.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Manju_gisun.svg/14px-Manju_gisun.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Manju_gisun.svg/19px-Manju_gisun.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="27" data-file-height="111" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Manchu_language" title="Manchu language">Manchu</a> text.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support#Manchu" title="Help:Multilingual support">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a> instead of <a href="/wiki/Manchu_alphabet" title="Manchu alphabet">Manchu alphabet</a>.</div></div> </div> <p><b>Gūwalgiya</b> was one of the most powerful <a href="/wiki/List_of_Manchu_clans" title="List of Manchu clans">Manchu clans</a>. It is often listed by historians as the first of the eight prominent Manchu clans of the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Han <a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">Chinese surname</a> <i>Guan</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">關</span></span>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_figures">Notable figures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C5%ABwalgiya&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notable figures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Males">Males</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C5%ABwalgiya&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Males"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiongdon" title="Fiongdon">Fiongdon</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">費英東</span></span>; 1562–1620), close associate of <a href="/wiki/Nurhaci" title="Nurhaci">Nurhaci</a> <ul><li>Huisai (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">輝塞</span></span>; d. 1651), Fiongdon's grandson <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhen" title="Fuzhen">Fuzhen</a> (d. 1909), Huisai's descendant</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboi" title="Oboi">Oboi</a> (1610–1669), Fiongdon's nephew; served as one of the <a href="/wiki/Four_Regents_of_the_Kangxi_Emperor" title="Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor">Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor</a></li> <li>Nardu (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">訥爾杜</span></span>; d. 1676), Oboi's nephew</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahai_(Qing_dynasty)" title="Bahai (Qing dynasty)">Bahai</a> (d. 1696), early Qing dynasty general</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenxiang" title="Wenxiang">Wenxiang</a> (1818–1876), late Qing dynasty statesman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronglu" title="Ronglu">Ronglu</a> (1836–1903), late Qing dynasty mandarin, major confidant of <a href="/wiki/Empress_Dowager_Cixi" title="Empress Dowager Cixi">Empress Dowager Cixi</a></li> <li>Guan Xiangying (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">關向應</span></span>; 1902–1946), Communist fighter, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Youth_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Youth League">Communist Youth League</a> of China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwan_Shan" title="Kwan Shan">Kwan Shan</a> (1933–2012), Hong Kong actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kuan" title="John Kuan">John Kuan</a> (born 1940), <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> politician in Taiwan</li></ul> <dl><dt>Prince Consort</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Prince Consort</th> <th>Background</th> <th>Princess </th></tr> <tr> <td>1614 or 1615</td> <td>Fiongdon</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cuyen" title="Cuyen">Cuyen</a>'s first daughter (1601–1662) by primary consort (<a href="/wiki/Yehe_Nara_clan" title="Yehe Nara clan">Yehe Nara</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1651</td> <td>Huisai</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hong_Taiji" title="Hong Taiji">Hong Taiji</a>'s tenth daughter (1635–1661) by mistress (<a href="/wiki/Clan_Nara#Notable_figures_of_the_Nara" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan Nara">Nara</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1652</td> <td>Laha (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">拉哈</span></span>)</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hong_Taiji" title="Hong Taiji">Hong Taiji</a>'s 13th daughter (1638–1657) by mistress (<a href="/wiki/Clan_Nara#Notable_figures_of_the_Nara" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan Nara">Nara</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Huanghai (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">黃海</span></span>)</td> <td></td> <td>Yebušu's first daughter (1652–1728) by primary consort (Tubusu) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1667</td> <td>Na'erdu</td> <td></td> <td>Princess Gongque (1654–1685), the <a href="/wiki/Shunzhi_Emperor" title="Shunzhi Emperor">Shunzhi Emperor</a>'s second daughter by mistress (Yang) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1688</td> <td rowspan="2">Du'erma (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">杜爾瑪</span></span>)</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Changning_(prince)" class="mw-redirect" title="Changning (prince)">Changning</a>'s second daughter (1674–1695) by mistress (Chen) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1698</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Changning_(prince)" class="mw-redirect" title="Changning (prince)">Changning</a>'s sixth daughter (1684–1712) by mistress (<a href="/wiki/Niohuru" title="Niohuru">Niohuru</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1873</td> <td>Fuzhen</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gurun_Princess_Rong%27an" title="Gurun Princess Rong'an">Princess Rong'an</a> (1855–1875), the <a href="/wiki/Xianfeng_Emperor" title="Xianfeng Emperor">Xianfeng Emperor</a>'s first daughter by <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Noble_Consort_Zhuangjing" title="Imperial Noble Consort Zhuangjing">Imperial Noble Consort Zhuangjing</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tatara_(clan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatara (clan)">Tatara</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>1906 </td> <td>Liangkui (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">良揆</span></span>) </td> <td>Adopted father: <a href="/wiki/Ronglu" title="Ronglu">Ronglu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yikuang" title="Yikuang">Yikuang</a>'s sixth daughter by secondary consort (Jingiya) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Females">Females</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C5%ABwalgiya&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Females"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rosamund_Kwan" title="Rosamund Kwan">Rosamund Kwan</a> (born 1962), Hong Kong entertainer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Chow" title="Kathy Chow">Kathy Chow</a> (1966–2023), Hong Kong actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guan_Xiaotong" title="Guan Xiaotong">Guan Xiaotong</a> (born 1997), Chinese actress</li></ul> <p>Imperial Consort </p> <ul><li>Imperial Noble Consort <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Noble_Consort_Dunyi" title="Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi">Hanjiuchun, Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi</a> (1683–1768), the <a href="/wiki/Kangxi_Emperor" title="Kangxi Emperor">Kangxi Emperor</a>'s consort, the mother of 18th daughter (1701)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Imperial Concubine <ul><li>Imperial Concubine Jian (d. 1780), the <a href="/wiki/Jiaqing_Emperor" title="Jiaqing Emperor">Jiaqing Emperor</a>'s concubine, the mother of first daughter (1780–1783)</li> <li>Imperial Concubine An (1785–1837), the <a href="/wiki/Jiaqing_Emperor" title="Jiaqing Emperor">Jiaqing Emperor</a>'s first class female attendant</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Princess Consort </p> <ul><li>Primary Consort <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0urhaci" title="Šurhaci">Šurhaci</a>'s fourth primary consort (d. 1623), the mother of Jasahatu (1589–1609), Princess (1590–1649), sixth daughter (b. 1595), Turan (1596–1614), seventh daughter (b. 1597), Jaisanggū (1598–1625), Nuomudai (1601–1613), eighth daughter (b. 1602), ninth daughter and tenth daughter (b. 1603)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0urhaci" title="Šurhaci">Šurhaci</a>'s seventh primary consort, the mother of Fiyanggū (1605–1644)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunreng" title="Yunreng">Yunreng</a>'s primary consort (d. 1718), the mother of Princess (1697–1735)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunxu" title="Yunxu">Yunxu</a>'s primary consort, the mother of second daughter (1716–1726)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianyu" title="Mianyu">Mianyu</a>'s first primary consort (d. 1835), the mother of first son (1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianyu" title="Mianyu">Mianyu</a>'s second primary consort (d. 1852), the mother of <a href="/wiki/Yixiang" title="Yixiang">Yixiang</a> (1849–1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiwei_(prince)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiwei (prince)">Yiwei</a>'s primary consort (d. 1827)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Gong" title="Prince Gong">Yixin</a>'s primary consort (1834–1880), the mother of <a href="/wiki/Princess_Rongshou_of_the_First_Rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Rongshou of the First Rank">Princess Rongshou</a> (1854–1924), Zaicheng (1858–1885), second daughter (1860–1864) and Zaijun (1864–1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youlan_(G%C5%ABwalgiya)" title="Youlan (Gūwalgiya)">Youlan</a> (1884–1921), <a href="/wiki/Zaifeng,_Prince_Chun" title="Zaifeng, Prince Chun">Zaifeng</a>'s primary consort, the mother of <a href="/wiki/Puyi" title="Puyi">Puyi</a> (1906–1967), <a href="/wiki/Pujie" title="Pujie">Pujie</a> (1907–1994), Yunying (1909–1925), Yunhe (1911–2001) and <a href="/wiki/Jin_Yunying" title="Jin Yunying">Yunying</a> (1913–1992)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Secondary Consort <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuquan,_Prince_Yu" title="Fuquan, Prince Yu">Fuquan</a>'s secondary consort, the mother of fourth daughter (1681 – 1682 or 1683), Baotai (1682–1730) and Baoshou (1684–1706)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunki" title="Yunki">Yunki</a>'s secondary consort, the mother of Hongzhi (1700–1775), third son (1702–1707), Hong'ang (1705–1782), fifth son (1707) and fifth daughter (1708–1710)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuntao" title="Yuntao">Yuntao</a>'s secondary consort, the mother of third daughter (1728)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yinxiang,_Prince_Yi" title="Yinxiang, Prince Yi">Yinxiang</a>'s secondary consort, the mother of Princess (1703–1776) and Hongchang (1706–1771)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunxu" title="Yunxu">Yunxu</a>'s secondary consort, the mother of first daughter (1716–1717), first son (1718–1719), second son (1719–1720), third daughter (1722–1730), Lady (1722–1745), Hongqing (1724–1770), Hongshou (1727–1731) and fifth daughter (1729–1748)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongzhang" title="Yongzhang">Yongzhang</a>'s secondary consort, the mother of Lady (1755–1777)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Concubine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dodo,_Prince_Yu" title="Dodo, Prince Yu">Dodo</a>'s concubine, the mother of Bakedu (1640–1668)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodo,_Prince_Yu" title="Dodo, Prince Yu">Dodo</a>'s concubine, the mother of Zhakedu (1644–1689)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooge,_Prince_Su" title="Hooge, Prince Su">Hooge</a>'s concubine, the mother of first daughter (1631–1692)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C5%ABwalgiya&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Manchu_clans" title="List of Manchu clans">List of Manchu clans</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eight_Great_Clans_of_Manchu_Nobility" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Eight_Great_Clans_of_Manchu_Nobility" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Eight Great Clans of Manchu Nobility</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a 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