CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>5th century BC - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3c98c643-b978-4a68-9436-6351539c7f65","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"5th_century_BC","wgTitle":"5th century BC","wgCurRevisionId":1255871344,"wgRevisionId":1255871344,"wgArticleId":34839,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles needing additional references from September 2015","All articles needing additional references","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022","5th century BC","1st millennium BC","Centuries"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"5th_century_BC","wgRelevantArticleId":34839, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"5th_century_BCE","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/5th_century_BC","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q25339","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList", "mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp", "ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="843"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/800px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="562"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/640px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="450"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="5th century BC - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/5th_century_BC"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5th_century_BC"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-5th_century_BC rootpage-5th_century_BC skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=5th+century+BC" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=5th+century+BC" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=5th+century+BC" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=5th+century+BC" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-The_world_in_the_5th_century_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_world_in_the_5th_century_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>The world in the 5th century BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_world_in_the_5th_century_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Events subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-490s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#490s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>490s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-490s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-480s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#480s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>480s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-480s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-470s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#470s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>470s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-470s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-460s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#460s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>460s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-460s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-450s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#450s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>450s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-450s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-440s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#440s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>440s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-440s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-430s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#430s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>430s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-430s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-420s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#420s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>420s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-420s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-410s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#410s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>410s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-410s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-400s_BC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#400s_BC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.10</span> <span>400s BC</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-400s_BC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Inventions, discoveries, introductions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sovereign_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sovereign_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sovereign states</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sovereign_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">5th century BC</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 95 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/5de_eeu_v.C." title="5de eeu v.C. – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="5de eeu v.C." data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_5_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="القرن 5 ق م – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القرن 5 ق م" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglo_V_aC" title="Sieglo V aC – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sieglo V aC" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglu_V_e.C." title="Sieglu V e.C. – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sieglu V e.C." data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.%C9%99._V_%C9%99sr" title="E.ə. V əsr – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="E.ə. V əsr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-5_SM" title="Abad ka-5 SM – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Abad ka-5 SM" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD.%D1%8D." title="V стагоддзе да н.э. – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="V стагоддзе да н.э." data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD._%D1%8D." title="V стагодзьдзе да н. э. – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="V стагодзьдзе да н. э." data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80.%D0%BD.%D0%B5." title="5 век пр.н.е. – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="5 век пр.н.е." data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._vijek_p._n._e." title="5. vijek p. n. e. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="5. vijek p. n. e." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vvet_kantved_kt_JK" title="Vvet kantved kt JK – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vvet kantved kt JK" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segle_V_aC" title="Segle V aC – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Segle V aC" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._stolet%C3%AD_p%C5%99._n._l." title="5. století př. n. l. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="5. století př. n. l." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/5ed_ganrif_CC" title="5ed ganrif CC – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="5ed ganrif CC" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._%C3%A5rhundrede_f.Kr." title="5. århundrede f.Kr. – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="5. århundrede f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._Jahrhundert_v._Chr." title="5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="5. Jahrhundert v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._sajand_eKr" title="5. sajand eKr – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="5. sajand eKr" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%80.%CE%A7." title="5ος αιώνας π.Χ. – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="5ος αιώνας π.Χ." data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_V_a._C." title="Siglo V a. C. – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Siglo V a. C." data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/5-a_jarcento_a.K." title="5-a jarcento a.K. – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="5-a jarcento a.K." data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigru_V_e.C." title="Sigru V e.C. – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sigru V e.C." data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K.a._V._mendea" title="K.a. V. mendea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="K.a. V. mendea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AF%D9%87_%DB%B5_(%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF)" title="سده ۵ (پیش از میلاد) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سده ۵ (پیش از میلاد)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._%C3%B8ld_f.Kr." title="5. øld f.Kr. – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="5. øld f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve_si%C3%A8cle_av._J.-C." title="Ve siècle av. J.-C. – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ve siècle av. J.-C." data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/5e_iuw_f.Kr." title="5e iuw f.Kr. – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="5e iuw f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%C3%BA_haois_RC" title="5ú haois RC – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="5ú haois RC" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/5mh_linn_RC" title="5mh linn RC – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="5mh linn RC" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_-V" title="Século -V – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Século -V" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_5%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="기원전 5세기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기원전 5세기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84.%D5%A9.%D5%A1._5-%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Մ.թ.ա. 5-րդ դար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մ.թ.ա. 5-րդ դար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._stolje%C4%87e_pr._Kr." title="5. stoljeće pr. Kr. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="5. stoljeće pr. Kr." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/5ma_yarcento_aK" title="5ma yarcento aK – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="5ma yarcento aK" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-5_SM" title="Abad ke-5 SM – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abad ke-5 SM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seculo_5_aEC" title="Seculo 5 aEC – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Seculo 5 aEC" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._%C3%B6ldin_f.Kr." title="5. öldin f.Kr. – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="5. öldin f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_secolo_a.C." title="V secolo a.C. – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="V secolo a.C." data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-5_%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%94%22%D7%A1" title="המאה ה-5 לפנה"ס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המאה ה-5 לפנה"ס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF.%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%82._%E0%B3%AB%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%87_%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. ೫ನೇ ಶತಮಾನ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ರಿ.ಪೂ. ೫ನೇ ಶತಮಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AB%E1%83%95._%E1%83%AC._V_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ძვ. წ. V საუკუნე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ძვ. წ. V საუკუნე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karne_ya_5_KK" title="Karne ya 5 KK – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Karne ya 5 KK" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedsala_5an_b.z." title="Sedsala 5an b.z. – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sedsala 5an b.z." data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeculum_5_a.C.n." title="Saeculum 5 a.C.n. – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Saeculum 5 a.C.n." data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._gadsimts_p.m.%C4%93." title="5. gadsimts p.m.ē. – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="5. gadsimts p.m.ē." data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._Joerhonnert_v._Chr." title="5. Joerhonnert v. Chr. – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="5. Joerhonnert v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_am%C5%BEius_pr._m._e." title="V amžius pr. m. e. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="V amžius pr. m. e." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_secolo_a.C." title="V secolo a.C. – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="V secolo a.C." data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentenio_5_aec" title="Sentenio 5 aec – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sentenio 5 aec" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._e._5._sz%C3%A1zad" title="I. e. 5. század – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. e. 5. század" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BF.%D0%BD.%D0%B5." title="5 век п.н.е. – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="5 век п.н.е." data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%AB_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.पू.चे ५ वे शतक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.पू.चे ५ वे शतक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%95._%E1%83%AC._V_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ჯვ. წ. V ოშწანურა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯვ. წ. V ოშწანურა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_5_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="القرن 5 ق م – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="القرن 5 ق م" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-5_SM" title="Abad ke-5 SM – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abad ke-5 SM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/5e_eeuw_v.Chr." title="5e eeuw v.Chr. – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="5e eeuw v.Chr." data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/5e_eeuw_v._Chr." title="5e eeuw v. Chr. – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="5e eeuw v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D5%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="紀元前5世紀 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="紀元前5世紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_seculo_AC" title="V seculo AC – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="V seculo AC" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._juarhunert_f.Kr." title="5. juarhunert f.Kr. – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="5. juarhunert f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._%C3%A5rhundre_f.Kr." title="5. århundre f.Kr. – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="5. århundre f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/400-talet_fvt." title="400-talet fvt. – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="400-talet fvt." data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_V_abC" title="Sègle V abC – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sègle V abC" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mil._av._V_asr" title="Mil. av. V asr – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mil. av. V asr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._Johrhunnert_v._Chr." title="5. Johrhunnert v. Chr. – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="5. Johrhunnert v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_wiek_p.n.e." title="V wiek p.n.e. – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="V wiek p.n.e." data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_V_a.C." title="Século V a.C. – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Século V a.C." data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secolul_al_V-lea_%C3%AE.Hr." title="Secolul al V-lea î.Hr. – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Secolul al V-lea î.Hr." data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_%C3%B1iqin_pachakwata_k%C3%B1" title="5 ñiqin pachakwata kñ – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="5 ñiqin pachakwata kñ" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="V. стороча до н. е. – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="V. стороча до н. е." data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D1%8D." title="V век до н. э. – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="V век до н. э." data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91._%D1%8D._%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BD._V_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D" title="Б. э. инн. V үйэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Б. э. инн. V үйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekulli_V_p.e.s." title="Shekulli V p.e.s. – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shekulli V p.e.s." data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8culu_V_a.C." title="Sèculu V a.C. – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sèculu V a.C." data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/5th_century_BC" title="5th century BC – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="5th century BC" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._storo%C4%8Die_pred_Kr." title="5. storočie pred Kr. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="5. storočie pred Kr." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._stoletje_pr._n._%C5%A1t." title="5. stoletje pr. n. št. – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="5. stoletje pr. n. št." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BF._%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="5. век п. н. е. – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="5. век п. н. е." data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/5._vijek_pne." title="5. vijek pne. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="5. vijek pne." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-5_SM" title="Abad ka-5 SM – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Abad ka-5 SM" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/400-luku_eaa." title="400-luku eaa. – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="400-luku eaa." data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/400-talet_f.Kr." title="400-talet f.Kr. – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="400-talet f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-5_dantaon_BC" title="Ika-5 dantaon BC – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ika-5 dantaon BC" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80_(%D0%B1._%D1%8D._%D0%BA.)" title="V гасыр (б. э. к.) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="V гасыр (б. э. к.)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8_V_%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Садаи V то мелод – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Садаи V то мелод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%96_5._y%C3%BCzy%C4%B1l" title="MÖ 5. yüzyıl – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="MÖ 5. yüzyıl" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/B.e._%C3%B6%C5%88_V_asyr" title="B.e. öň V asyr – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="B.e. öň V asyr" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="V століття до н. е. – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="V століття до н. е." data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="پانچویں صدی ق م – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پانچویں صدی ق م" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_s%C3%A8co%C5%82o_v.C." title="V sècoło v.C. – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="V sècoło v.C." data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_5_TCN" title="Thế kỷ 5 TCN – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thế kỷ 5 TCN" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-5_nga_gatostuig_UC" title="Ika-5 nga gatostuig UC – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ika-5 nga gatostuig UC" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D5%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="前5世纪 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="前5世纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D5%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="前5世紀 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="前5世紀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_om%C5%BEios_pr._Kr." title="V omžios pr. Kr. – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="V omžios pr. Kr." data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D5%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="前5世纪 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="前5世纪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25339#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/5th_century_BC" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:5th_century_BC" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/5th_century_BC"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/5th_century_BC"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/5th_century_BC" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/5th_century_BC" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&oldid=1255871344" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=5th_century_BC&id=1255871344&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F5th_century_BC"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F5th_century_BC"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=5th_century_BC&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:5th_century_BC" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25339" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BCE&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="5th century BCE">5th century BCE</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">One hundred years, from 500 BC to 401 BC</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"400s BC" redirects here. For the decade, see <a href="/wiki/400s_BC_(decade)" title="400s BC (decade)">400s BC (decade)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/5th_century_BC" title="Special:EditPage/5th century BC">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%225th+century+BC%22">"5th century BC"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%225th+century+BC%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%225th+century+BC%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%225th+century+BC%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%225th+century+BC%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%225th+century+BC%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/1st_millennium_BC" title="1st millennium BC">1st millennium <small>BC</small></a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_century_BC" title="6th century BC">6th century <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">5th century <small>BC</small></a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_century_BC" title="4th century BC">4th century <small>BC</small></a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Timelines</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_century_BC#Events" title="6th century BC">6th century <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Events">5th century <small>BC</small></a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_century_BC#Events" title="4th century BC">4th century <small>BC</small></a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> State leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_the_6th_century_BC" title="List of state leaders in the 6th century BC">6th century <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_the_5th_century_BC" title="List of state leaders in the 5th century BC">5th century <small>BC</small></a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_the_4th_century_BC" title="List of state leaders in the 4th century BC">4th century <small>BC</small></a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/490s_BC" title="490s BC">490s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/480s_BC" title="480s BC">480s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/470s_BC" title="470s BC">470s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/460s_BC" title="460s BC">460s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450s_BC" title="450s BC">450s <small>BC</small></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/440s_BC" title="440s BC">440s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/430s_BC" title="430s BC">430s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/420s_BC" title="420s BC">420s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/410s_BC" title="410s BC">410s <small>BC</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/400s_BC_(decade)" title="400s BC (decade)">400s <small>BC</small></a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Categories:</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_BC_births" title="Category:5th-century BC births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_BC_deaths" title="Category:5th-century BC deaths">Deaths</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_BC_establishments" title="Category:5th-century BC establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_BC_disestablishments" title="Category:5th-century BC disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Centurybox" title="Template:Centurybox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Centurybox" title="Template talk:Centurybox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Centurybox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Centurybox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>5th century BC</b> started the first day of <a href="/wiki/500_BC" title="500 BC">500 BC</a> and ended the last day of <a href="/wiki/401_BC" title="401 BC">401 BC</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/300px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/450px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg/600px-The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1144" data-file-height="804" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a> in Athens, a symbol of Ancient Greece and Western Philosophy.</figcaption></figure> <p>This century saw the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Pataliputra" title="Pataliputra">Pataliputra</a> as a capital of the <a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a> Empire. This city would later become the ruling capital of different Indian kingdoms for about a thousand years. This period saw the rise of two great philosophical schools of the east, <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>. This period saw <a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahavira</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a> spreading their respective teachings in the northern plains of India. This essentially changed the socio-cultural and political dynamics of the region of <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. Buddhism would later go on to become one of the major world religions. </p><p>This period also saw the work of <a href="/wiki/Yaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaska">Yaska</a>, who created <a href="/wiki/Nirukta" title="Nirukta">Nirukta</a>, that would lay the foundation stone for <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> grammar and is one of the oldest works on grammar known to mankind. </p><p>This century is also traditionally recognized as the classical period of the <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>, which would continue all the way through the <a href="/wiki/4th_century_BC" title="4th century BC">4th century</a> until the time of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>. The life of <a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a> represented a major milestone in <a href="/wiki/Greek_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek philosophy">Greek philosophy</a> though his teachings only survive through the work of his students, most notably <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xenophon" title="Xenophon">Xenophon</a>. The tragedians <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, as well as the comedian <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a> all date from this era and many of their works are still considered classics of the western theatrical canon. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Persian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Wars">Persian Wars</a>, fought between a coalition of Greek cities and the vast <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid</a> <a href="/wiki/Persian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Empire">Persian Empire</a> was a pivotal moment in Greek politics. The Greeks successfully prevented the annexation of Greece by the Persians in <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plataea" title="Battle of Plataea">Battle of Plataea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mycale" title="Battle of Mycale">Battle of Mycale</a>, and further counter attacks. Afterwards, Sparta, the dominant power in the coalition, had no intention of further offensive action and considered the war over. Meanwhile, Athens counter-attacked, liberating Greek subjects of the Persian Empire up and down the Ionian coast and mobilizing a new coalition, the <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a>. Tensions between Athens, and its growing imperialistic ambitions as leader of the Delian League, and the traditionally dominant Sparta led to a protracted stalemate in the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_world_in_the_5th_century_BC">The world in the 5th century BC</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The world in the 5th century BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East-Hem_500bc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/East-Hem_500bc.jpg/550px-East-Hem_500bc.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/East-Hem_500bc.jpg/825px-East-Hem_500bc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/East-Hem_500bc.jpg/1100px-East-Hem_500bc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="1903" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Eastern Hemisphere in 500 BC, the beginning of the fifth century BC.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World_in_400_BCE.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/World_in_400_BCE.png/550px-World_in_400_BCE.png" decoding="async" width="550" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/World_in_400_BCE.png/825px-World_in_400_BCE.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/World_in_400_BCE.png/1100px-World_in_400_BCE.png 2x" data-file-width="4700" data-file-height="2392" /></a><figcaption>Map of the world in 400 BC, the end of the fifth century BC.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demotic_Egyptian" class="mw-redirect" title="Demotic Egyptian">Demotic</a> becomes the dominant script of <a href="/wiki/History_of_Egypt" title="History of Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="490s_BC"><a href="/wiki/490s_BC" title="490s BC">490s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 490s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/499_BC" title="499 BC">499 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aristagoras" title="Aristagoras">Aristagoras</a>, acting on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian Empire</a>, leads a failed attack on the rebellious island of <a href="/wiki/Naxos,_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Naxos, Greece">Naxos</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/499_BC" title="499 BC">499 BC</a>: Aristagoras instigates the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Revolt" title="Ionian Revolt">Ionian Revolt</a>, beginning the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Wars">Persian Wars</a> between <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/499_BC" title="499 BC">499 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sardis" title="Sardis">Sardis</a> sacked by <a href="/wiki/Athenian" class="mw-redirect" title="Athenian">Athenian</a> and Ionian troops.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/498_BC" title="498 BC">498 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lentini" title="Lentini">Leontini</a> subjugated by <a href="/wiki/Hippocrates_of_Gela" title="Hippocrates of Gela">Hippocrates of Gela</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/498_BC" title="498 BC">498 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Macedon" title="Alexander I of Macedon">Alexander I</a> succeeds his father <a href="/wiki/Amyntas_I_of_Macedon" title="Amyntas I of Macedon">Amyntas I</a> as king of <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedon">Macedon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/496_BC" title="496 BC">496 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Regillus" title="Battle of Lake Regillus">Battle of Lake Regillus</a>: A legendary early <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman</a> victory, won over either the <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscans</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latins</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/496_BC" title="496 BC">496 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a> is born.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/495_BC" title="495 BC">495 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Temple" title="Temple">Temple</a> to <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(mythology)" title="Mercury (mythology)">Mercury</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Circus_Maximus" title="Circus Maximus">Circus Maximus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> is built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/494_BC" title="494 BC">494 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lade" title="Battle of Lade">Battle of Lade</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persians</a> take back <a href="/wiki/Ionia" title="Ionia">Ionia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/494_BC" title="494 BC">494 BC</a>: Two <a href="/wiki/Tribunes_of_the_plebs" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribunes of the plebs">tribunes of the plebs</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Aedile" title="Aedile">plebeian aediles</a> are elected for the first time in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Rome</a>: the office of the <a href="/wiki/Tribunate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribunate">tribunate</a> is established.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/494_BC" title="494 BC">494 BC</a>: The year Rome changed from an Aristocratic Republic to a Liberalized Republic.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/493_BC" title="493 BC">493 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Piraeus" title="Piraeus">Piraeus</a>, the port town of <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, is founded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/493_BC" title="493 BC">493 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Marcius_Coriolanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Marcius Coriolanus">Coriolanus</a> captures the <a href="/wiki/Volsci" title="Volsci">Volscian</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Corioli" title="Corioli">Corioli</a> for <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/492_BC" title="492 BC">492 BC</a>: First expedition of King <a href="/wiki/Darius_I_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius I of Persia">Darius I of Persia</a> against Greece, under the leadership of his son-in-law <a href="/wiki/Mardonius_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mardonius (general)">Mardonius</a>. This marks the start of the campaign that culminated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marathon" title="Battle of Marathon">Battle of Marathon</a> in <a href="/wiki/490_BC" title="490 BC">490 BC</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/492_BC" title="492 BC">492 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ajatashatru" title="Ajatashatru">Ajatashartu</a> overthrows his father <a href="/wiki/Bimbisara" title="Bimbisara">Bimbisara</a> to become king of <a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/491_BC" title="491 BC">491 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Leotychidas" class="mw-redirect" title="Leotychidas">Leotychidas</a> succeeds his cousin <a href="/wiki/Demaratus" title="Demaratus">Demaratus</a> as king of <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/491_BC" title="491 BC">491 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gelo">Gelo</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/Tyrant" title="Tyrant">Tyrant</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gela" title="Gela">Gela</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/490_BC" title="490 BC">490 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marathon" title="Battle of Marathon">Battle of Marathon</a>, where Darius I of <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> is defeated by the <a href="/wiki/Athenians" class="mw-redirect" title="Athenians">Athenians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plataeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Plataeans">Plataeans</a> under <a href="/wiki/Miltiades_the_Younger" class="mw-redirect" title="Miltiades the Younger">Miltiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/490_BC" title="490 BC">490 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Phidippides_(Marathon_runner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phidippides (Marathon runner)">Phidippides</a> runs 40 kilometers from <a href="/wiki/Marathon,_Greece" title="Marathon, Greece">Marathon</a> to <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> to announce the news of the Greek victory; origin of the <a href="/wiki/Marathon_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marathon (sport)">marathon</a> long-distance race.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="480s_BC"><a href="/wiki/480s_BC" title="480s BC">480s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 480s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/489_BC" title="489 BC">489 BC</a>: Cities of <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a> unite and start construction of the new city of Rhodes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/488_BC" title="488 BC">488 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Leonidas_I" title="Leonidas I">Leonidas I</a> succeeds his brother <a href="/wiki/Cleomenes_I" title="Cleomenes I">Cleomenes I</a> as king of <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> after Cleomenes is judged insane.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/487_BC" title="487 BC">487 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> revolts against the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persians</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/487_BC" title="487 BC">487 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aegina" title="Aegina">Aegina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> go to war.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/487_BC" title="487 BC">487 BC</a>: Athenian Archonship becomes elective by lot, an important milestone in the move towards radical <a href="/wiki/Athenian_democracy" title="Athenian democracy">Athenian democracy</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/487_BC" title="487 BC">487 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Siaspiqa" title="Siaspiqa">Siaspiqa</a> becomes ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kush" title="Kingdom of Kush">Kushite kingdom of Meroe</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/486_BC" title="486 BC">486 BC</a>: First part of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Canal_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Canal of China">Grand Canal of China</a> is built.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/486_BC" title="486 BC">486 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes I</a> succeeds <a href="/wiki/Darius_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius I">Darius I</a> as Great King of <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/486_BC" title="486 BC">486 BC</a>: Egypt revolts against Persian rule.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/486_BC" title="486 BC">486 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/First_Buddhist_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="First Buddhist Council">First Buddhist Council</a> at Rejgaha, under the patronage of King <a href="/wiki/Ajatashatru" title="Ajatashatru">Ajatashatru</a>. Oral tradition established for the first time.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/484_BC" title="484 BC">484 BC</a>: Athenian playwright <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> wins a poetry prize.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/484_BC" title="484 BC">484 BC</a>: Xerxes I abolishes the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Babylonian_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Babylonian empire">Kingdom of Babel</a> and removes the golden statue of <a href="/wiki/Bel_(mythology)" title="Bel (mythology)">Bel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Marduk" title="Marduk">Marduk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merodach" class="mw-redirect" title="Merodach">Merodach</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/484_BC" title="484 BC">484 BC</a>: Persians regain control of Egypt.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/483_BC" title="483 BC">483 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha">Gautama Buddha</a> dies.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/483_BC" title="483 BC">483 BC</a>: Xerxes I of Persia starts planning his expedition against <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/481_BC" title="481 BC">481 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Corinth" title="Isthmus of Corinth">Isthmus of Corinth</a> ends a war between Athens and Aegina.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: King Xerxes I of Persia sets out to conquer Greece.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cimon" title="Cimon">Cimon</a> and his friends burn horse-bridles as an offering to <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> and join the marines</li> <li><a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pleistarchus" title="Pleistarchus">Pleistarchus</a> succeeds his father Leonidas I as king of <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.</li> <li>August, <a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Artemisium" title="Battle of Artemisium">Battle of Artemisium</a>—The <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian</a> fleet fights an inconclusive battle with the Greek allied fleet.</li> <li>August 11, <a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae" title="Battle of Thermopylae">Battle of Thermopylae</a>, a costly victory by Persians over the Greeks.</li> <li>September 23, <a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Salamis" title="Battle of Salamis">Battle of Salamis</a> between Greece and Persia, leading to a Greek victory.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Himera_(480_BC)" title="Battle of Himera (480 BC)">Battle of Himera</a>—The <a href="/wiki/Carthage" title="Carthage">Carthaginians</a> under <a href="/wiki/Hamilcar" title="Hamilcar">Hamilcar</a> are defeated by the Greeks of <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Gelon_of_Syracuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Gelon of Syracuse">Gelon of Syracuse</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman</a> troops march against the <a href="/wiki/Veii" title="Veii">Veientines</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="470s_BC"><a href="/wiki/470s_BC" title="470s BC">470s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 470s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/479_BC" title="479 BC">479 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plataea" title="Battle of Plataea">Battle of Plataea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greeks</a> defeat the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persians</a>, ending the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Wars">Persian Wars</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/479_BC" title="479 BC">479 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mycale" title="Battle of Mycale">Battle of Mycale</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/479_BC" title="479 BC">479 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Potidaea" title="Potidaea">Potidaea</a> is struck by a <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/479_BC" title="479 BC">479 BC</a>: Chinese philosopher <a href="/wiki/Confucius" title="Confucius">Confucius</a> dies.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/478_BC" title="478 BC">478 BC</a>: Establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Confucius" title="Temple of Confucius">Temple of Confucius</a> at (modern-day) <a href="/wiki/Qufu" title="Qufu">Qufu</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/477_BC" title="477 BC">477 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a> is inaugurated.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/476_BC" title="476 BC">476 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Archidamus_II" title="Archidamus II">Archidamus II</a> succeeds his grandfather <a href="/wiki/Leotychides" class="mw-redirect" title="Leotychides">Leotychides</a>, who is banished to <a href="/wiki/Tegea" title="Tegea">Tegea</a>, as king of <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/475_BC" title="475 BC">475 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/King_Yuan_of_Zhou" title="King Yuan of Zhou">King Xuan of Zhou</a> becomes King of the <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/474_BC" title="474 BC">474 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cumae" title="Battle of Cumae">Battle of Cumae</a>—The <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Syracuse, Italy">Syracusans</a> under <a href="/wiki/Hiero_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiero I">Hiero I</a> defeat the <a href="/wiki/Etruscans" class="mw-redirect" title="Etruscans">Etruscans</a> and end <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan</a> expansion in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Italy" title="Southern Italy">southern Italy</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/474_BC" title="474 BC">474 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Greek_literature" title="Greek literature">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a> <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a> moves to <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/473_BC" title="473 BC">473 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">Chinese</a> <a href="/wiki/Wu_(state)" title="Wu (state)">State of Wu</a> is annexed by the <a href="/wiki/Yue_(state)" title="Yue (state)">State of Yue</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/472_BC" title="472 BC">472 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Carystus" title="Carystus">Carystus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea">Euboea</a> is forced to join the <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a> (approximate date).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/472_BC" title="472 BC">472 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragedy</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Persians" title="The Persians">The Persians</a></i> is produced by <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/471_BC" title="471 BC">471 BC</a>: Athenian <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> <a href="/wiki/Themistocles" title="Themistocles">Themistocles</a> is <a href="/wiki/Ostracism" title="Ostracism">ostracized</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="460s_BC"><a href="/wiki/460s_BC" title="460s BC">460s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 460s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/469_BC" title="469 BC">469 BC</a>: Philosopher <a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a> is born in Attica, Athens, Greece.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/468_BC" title="468 BC">468 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greece" title="Theatre of ancient Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Playwright" title="Playwright">playwright</a>, defeats <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> for the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Athenian_Prize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athenian Prize (page does not exist)">Athenian Prize</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/468_BC" title="468 BC">468 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Antium" title="Antium">Antium</a> captured by <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman</a> forces.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/468_BC" title="468 BC">468 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/King_Zhending_of_Zhou" title="King Zhending of Zhou">King Zhending of Zhou</a> becomes King of the <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a> of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/466_BC" title="466 BC">466 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eurymedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Eurymedon">Battle of Eurymedon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/466_BC" title="466 BC">466 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colony</a> of <a href="/wiki/Taranto" title="Taranto">Taras</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a>, is defeated by <i><a href="/wiki/Iapyges" class="mw-redirect" title="Iapyges">Iapyges</a></i>, a native population of ancient <a href="/wiki/Apulia" title="Apulia">Apulia</a>; <a href="/wiki/History_of_Taranto" title="History of Taranto">Tarentine</a> <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a> falls, with the installation of a <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democracy</a> and the expulsion of the <a href="/wiki/Pythagoreanism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreans</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/465_BC" title="465 BC">465 BC</a>: King <a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes I</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian Empire</a> is murdered by <a href="/wiki/Artabanus_of_Persia" title="Artabanus of Persia">Artabanus the Hyrcanian</a>. He is succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Artaxerxes I of Persia">Artaxerxes I</a>, possibly with Artabanus acting as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">Regent</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/465_BC" title="465 BC">465 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thasos" title="Thasos">Thasos</a> revolts from the <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/464_BC" title="464 BC">464 BC</a>: An <a href="/wiki/464_BC_Sparta_earthquake" title="464 BC Sparta earthquake">earthquake</a> in ancient <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greece</a> leads to a <a href="/wiki/Helots" title="Helots">Helot</a> uprising and strained relations with <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, one of the factors that lead to the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/464_BC" title="464 BC">464 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">Regent</a> King <a href="/wiki/Artabanus_of_Persia" title="Artabanus of Persia">Artabanus of Persia</a> is killed by his charge <a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Artaxerxes I of Persia">Artaxerxes I</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/464_BC" title="464 BC">464 BC</a>: Third <a href="/wiki/Messenian_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Messenian war">Messenian war</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/462_BC" title="462 BC">462 BC</a>: The revolt of <a href="/wiki/Thasos" title="Thasos">Thasos</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a> comes to an end with their surrender.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/461_BC" title="461 BC">461 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athenian</a> <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> <a href="/wiki/Cimon" title="Cimon">Cimon</a> is <a href="/wiki/Ostracism" title="Ostracism">ostracized</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/460_BC" title="460 BC">460 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> revolts against <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persia</a>, starting a six-year war. An <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athenian</a> force sent to attack <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> is diverted to support this revolt.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/460_BC" title="460 BC">460 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Quinctius_Cincinnatus" title="Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus">Cincinnatus</a> becomes <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul" title="Roman consul">consul</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/460_BC" title="460 BC">460 BC</a>: Physician <a href="/wiki/Hippocrates" title="Hippocrates">Hippocrates</a> is born in Kos, Greece.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/460_BC" title="460 BC">460 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Udayin" title="Udayin">Udayin</a> succeeds his father <a href="/wiki/Ajatashatru" title="Ajatashatru">Ajatashartu</a> to become king of <a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a>. Third king of <a href="/wiki/Haryanka_dynasty" title="Haryanka dynasty">Haryanka dynasty</a>.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="450s_BC"><a href="/wiki/450s_BC" title="450s BC">450s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 450s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/459_BC" title="459 BC">459 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pleistoanax" title="Pleistoanax">Pleistoanax</a> succeeds his father <a href="/wiki/Pleistarchus" title="Pleistarchus">Pleistarchus</a> as king of <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/459_BC" title="459 BC">459 BC</a>: Destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicilian</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Morgantina" title="Morgantina">Morgantina</a> by <a href="/wiki/Ducetius" title="Ducetius">Douketios</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Sicels" title="Sicels">Sikels</a>, according to <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodoros Siculus</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/459_BC" title="459 BC">459 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ezra" title="Ezra">Ezra</a> leads the second body of <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> from <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a> to <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/458_BC" title="458 BC">458 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Playwright" title="Playwright">playwright</a> <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a> completes the <a href="/wiki/Oresteia" title="Oresteia">Oresteia</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Trilogy" title="Trilogy">trilogy</a> that tells the story of a family blood feud. The plays will have a great influence on future writers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/458_BC" title="458 BC">458 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Quinctius_Cincinnatus" title="Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus">Cincinnatus</a> is named <a href="/wiki/Roman_dictator" title="Roman dictator">dictator</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> in order to defend it against <a href="/wiki/Aequi" title="Aequi">Aequi</a>. Sixteen days later, after defeating the invaders at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Algidus" title="Battle of Mount Algidus">Battle of Mount Algidus</a>, he resigns and returns to his farm.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/457_BC" title="457 BC">457 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Athens" title="History of Athens">Athenian</a> <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">statesman</a> <a href="/wiki/Pericles" title="Pericles">Pericles</a>' greatest reform, allowing common people to serve in any state office, inaugurates <a href="/wiki/Fifth-century_Athens" title="Fifth-century Athens">Golden Age</a> of Ancient <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/457_BC" title="457 BC">457 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tanagra_(457_BC)" title="Battle of Tanagra (457 BC)">Battle of Tanagra</a>—The <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Spartans</a> defeat the <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athenians</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/457_BC" title="457 BC">457 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Oenophyta" title="Battle of Oenophyta">Battle of Oenophyta</a>—The <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athenians</a> defeat the <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebans</a> and take control of <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Boeotia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/457_BC" title="457 BC">457 BC</a>: Decree of <a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Artaxerxes I of Persia">Artaxerxes I</a> to re-establish the city government of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>. See Ezra 7, Daniel 9 and Nehemiah 1 in <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/455_BC" title="455 BC">455 BC</a>: A thirty years' <a href="/wiki/Truce" class="mw-redirect" title="Truce">truce</a> concluded between <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lacedaemon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacedaemon">Lacedaemon</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/455_BC" title="455 BC">455 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a> presents his first known <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragedy</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Peliades" title="Peliades">Peliades</a></i>, in the <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athenian</a> <a href="/wiki/Festival" title="Festival">festival</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/454_BC" title="454 BC">454 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> loses a fleet and possibly as many as 50,000 men in a failed attempt to aid an <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptian</a> revolt against <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/454_BC" title="454 BC">454 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Treasury" title="Treasury">treasury</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a> is moved from <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a> to <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/454_BC" title="454 BC">454 BC</a>: Hostilities between <a href="/wiki/Segesta" title="Segesta">Segesta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Selinunte" title="Selinunte">Selinunte</a>, two <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> cities on <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/453_BC" title="453 BC">453 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Taiyuan" title="Taiyuan">Taiyuan</a>, a city in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, gets flooded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/451_BC" title="451 BC">451 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> makes peace with <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> and wages a war against <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/451_BC" title="451 BC">451 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Decemviri" title="Decemviri">decemviri</a> come to power in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>. They enact the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_tables" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve tables">twelve tables</a>, the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Law">Roman Law</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_BC" title="450 BC">450 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wars_of_the_Delian_League" title="Wars of the Delian League">Wars of the Delian League</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athenians" class="mw-redirect" title="Athenians">Athenians</a> under <a href="/wiki/Cimon" title="Cimon">Cimon</a> defeat the <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian</a> fleet.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_BC" title="450 BC">450 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Perdiccas_II_of_Macedon" title="Perdiccas II of Macedon">Perdiccas II</a> succeeds <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Macedon" title="Alexander I of Macedon">Alexander I</a> as king of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(ancient_kingdom)" title="Macedonia (ancient kingdom)">Macedonia</a> (approximate date).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_BC" title="450 BC">450 BC</a> to <a href="/wiki/325_BC" title="325 BC">325 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olmec" class="mw-redirect" title="Olmec">Olmecs</a> leave <a href="/wiki/La_Venta" title="La Venta">La Venta</a>, and it becomes depopulated by 325 BC.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="440s_BC"><a href="/wiki/440s_BC" title="440s BC">440s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 440s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/449_BC" title="449 BC">449 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Callias" title="Peace of Callias">Peace of Callias</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a> and <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persia</a> ends the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Wars">Persian Wars</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/449_BC" title="449 BC">449 BC</a>: Construction begins on the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Hephaestus" title="Temple of Hephaestus">Temple of Hephaestus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/449_BC" title="449 BC">449 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Tables" title="Twelve Tables">Twelve Tables</a> are promulgated to the people of <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>—the first public laws of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/449_BC" title="449 BC">449 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Romans</a> revolt against the <a href="/wiki/Decemvirate" class="mw-redirect" title="Decemvirate">decemvirate</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Decemvirs" class="mw-redirect" title="Decemvirs">decemvirs</a> resign and the <a href="/wiki/Tribunate" class="mw-redirect" title="Tribunate">tribunate</a> is re-established.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/449_BC" title="449 BC">449 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> completes his <i><a href="/wiki/The_Histories_of_Herodotus" class="mw-redirect" title="The Histories of Herodotus">History</a></i>, which records the events concerning the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Persian_Wars" title="Greco-Persian Wars">Persian War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/448_BC" title="448 BC">448 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Phidias" title="Phidias">Phidias</a> finishes a 9 meter high statue of <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Acropolis,_Athens" class="mw-redirect" title="Acropolis, Athens">Acropolis</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/447_BC" title="447 BC">447 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> begins construction of the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>, at the initiative of <a href="/wiki/Pericles" title="Pericles">Pericles</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/447_BC" title="447 BC">447 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Coronea_(447_BC)" title="Battle of Coronea (447 BC)">Battle of Coronea</a>—The <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athenians</a> are driven out of <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/447_BC" title="447 BC">447 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Achaeus_of_Eretria" title="Achaeus of Eretria">Achaeus of Eretria</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Playwright" title="Playwright">playwright</a>, shows his first play.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/445_BC" title="445 BC">445 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pericles" title="Pericles">Pericles</a> declares <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_Peace" title="Thirty Years' Peace">Thirty Years' Peace</a> between <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/445_BC" title="445 BC">445 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I" title="Artaxerxes I">Artaxerxes I</a> gives <a href="/wiki/Nehemiah" title="Nehemiah">Nehemiah</a> permission to rebuild <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/445_BC" title="445 BC">445 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Lacus_Curtius" title="Lacus Curtius">Lacus Curtius</a> is created by a lightning strike in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>. It is consecrated by <a href="/wiki/Gaius" title="Gaius">Gaius</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mettius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mettius (page does not exist)">Mettius</a> or <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Curtius" title="Marcus Curtius">Marcus Curtius</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/443_BC" title="443 BC">443 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> creates the office of <a href="/wiki/Roman_censor" title="Roman censor">censor</a>, initially exclusive to <a href="/wiki/Patrician_(ancient_Rome)" title="Patrician (ancient Rome)">patricians</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/443_BC" title="443 BC">443 BC</a>: Foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colony</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thurii" title="Thurii">Thurii</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/Colonist" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonist">colonists</a> include <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lysias" title="Lysias">Lysias</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/442_BC" title="442 BC">442 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a> writes <i><a href="/wiki/Antigone_(Sophocles)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antigone (Sophocles)">Antigone</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/441_BC" title="441 BC">441 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/King_Ai_of_Zhou" title="King Ai of Zhou">King Ai of Zhou</a> becomes King of the <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a> of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> but dies before the year's end.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/440_BC" title="440 BC">440 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Famine" title="Famine">Famine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/440_BC" title="440 BC">440 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/King_Kao_of_Zhou" title="King Kao of Zhou">King Kao of Zhou</a> becomes King of the <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a> of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/440_BC" title="440 BC">440 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Democritus" title="Democritus">Democritus</a> proposes the existence of indivisible particles, which he calls <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atoms</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="430s_BC"><a href="/wiki/430s_BC" title="430s BC">430s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 430s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/439_BC" title="439 BC">439 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cincinnatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnatus">Cincinnatus</a> again becomes <a href="/wiki/Roman_dictator" title="Roman dictator">dictator</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>; during his term he defeats the <a href="/wiki/Volsci" title="Volsci">Volsci</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/439_BC" title="439 BC">439 BC</a>: According to <a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">legend</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Servilius_Ahala" title="Gaius Servilius Ahala">Gaius Servilius Ahala</a> saves <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Rome</a> from <a href="/wiki/Spurius_Maelius" title="Spurius Maelius">Spurius Maelius</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/438_BC" title="438 BC">438 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ictinus" title="Ictinus">Ictinus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Callicrates" title="Callicrates">Callicrates</a> finish construction of the <a href="/wiki/Parthenon" title="Parthenon">Parthenon</a>, located on <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>' <a href="/wiki/Acropolis" title="Acropolis">Acropolis</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/435_BC" title="435 BC">435 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Zeus_at_Olympia" title="Statue of Zeus at Olympia">Statue of Zeus at Olympia</a> by <a href="/wiki/Phidias" title="Phidias">Phidias</a>, one of the seven <a href="/wiki/Wonders_of_the_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Wonders of the world">wonders of the world</a>, is completed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/434_BC" title="434 BC">434 BC</a>: Conflict occurs between the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> island of <a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Kerkyra</a> and its mother-city <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/434_BC" title="434 BC">434 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Anaxagoras" title="Anaxagoras">Anaxagoras</a> tries to <a href="/wiki/Squaring_the_circle" title="Squaring the circle">square the circle</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Straightedge" title="Straightedge">straightedge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Compass" title="Compass">compass</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/433_BC" title="433 BC">433 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sybota" title="Battle of Sybota">Battle of Sybota</a> between <a href="/wiki/Corfu" title="Corfu">Kerkyra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/433_BC" title="433 BC">433 BC</a> (or later): <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Marquis_Yi_of_Zeng" title="Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng">Burial of Marquis Yi of Zeng</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/432_BC" title="432 BC">432 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> adopts a 19-year cycle of synchronizing <a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">solar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">lunar calendars</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/432_BC" title="432 BC">432 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> defeats <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Potidaea" title="Battle of Potidaea">battle of Potidaea</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/432_BC" title="432 BC">432 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colony</a> of <a href="/wiki/Heraclea_(Lucania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraclea (Lucania)">Heraclea</a> is founded by <a href="/wiki/Taranto" title="Taranto">Tarentum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thurii" title="Thurii">Thurii</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/431_BC" title="431 BC">431 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a> begins between <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> and their allies.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/431_BC" title="431 BC">431 BC</a>: Defeat of the <a href="/wiki/Aequi" title="Aequi">Aequi</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Romans</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Roman_dictator" title="Roman dictator">dictator</a> <a href="/wiki/Aulus_Postumius_Tubertus" title="Aulus Postumius Tubertus">Aulus Postumius Tubertus</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/431_BC" title="431 BC">431 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Physician" title="Physician">physician</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philosopher" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosopher">philosopher</a> <a href="/wiki/Empedocles" title="Empedocles">Empedocles</a> articulates the notion that the human body has <a href="/wiki/The_four_humors" class="mw-redirect" title="The four humors">four humors</a>: <a href="/wiki/Blood" title="Blood">blood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bile" title="Bile">bile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_bile" class="mw-redirect" title="Black bile">black bile</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Phlegm" title="Phlegm">phlegm</a>, a belief that dominates <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medical</a> thinking for centuries.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/430_BC" title="430 BC">430 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> suffers a major <a href="/wiki/Epidemic" title="Epidemic">pestilence</a>, believed to be caused by <a href="/wiki/Epidemic_typhus" title="Epidemic typhus">epidemic typhus</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/430_BC" title="430 BC">430 BC</a>: The philosopher <a href="/wiki/Xenophon" title="Xenophon">Xenophon</a> is born.</li> <li>c. <a href="/wiki/430_BC" title="430 BC">430 BC</a>: First performance of <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_Rex" title="Oedipus Rex">Oedipus Rex</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="420s_BC"><a href="/wiki/420s_BC" title="420s BC">420s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 420s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/429_BC" title="429 BC">429 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chalcis" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Chalcis">Battle of Chalcis</a>—<a href="/wiki/Chalcidians" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalcidians">Chalcidians</a> and their allies are defeated by <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/429_BC" title="429 BC">429 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Naupactus_(429_BC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Naupactus (429 BC)">Battle of Naupactus</a>—<a href="/wiki/Phormio" title="Phormio">Phormio</a> defeats the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Peloponnesian">Peloponnesian</a> fleet.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/429_BC" title="429 BC">429 BC</a>: An <a href="/wiki/Plague_of_Athens" title="Plague of Athens">outbreak of a plague</a> kills over one-third of the population of <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/429_BC" title="429 BC">429 BC</a>: King <a href="/wiki/Sitalkes" class="mw-redirect" title="Sitalkes">Sitalkes</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a> invades <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedon">Macedonia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/428_BC" title="428 BC">428 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mytilene" title="Mytilene">Mytilene</a> rebels against <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> but is crushed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/428_BC" title="428 BC">428 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> attempts to crush a rebellion on <a href="/wiki/Corcyra" class="mw-redirect" title="Corcyra">Corcyra</a>, but cancels the effort when the Athenians try to intercept them.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/428_BC" title="428 BC">428 BC</a>: The Greek colony of <a href="/wiki/Cumae" title="Cumae">Cumae</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> falls to the <a href="/wiki/Samnites" title="Samnites">Samnites</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/427_BC" title="427 BC">427 BC</a>: The leaders of the Mytilenian revolt are executed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/427_BC" title="427 BC">427 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Plataea" title="Plataea">Platea</a> surrenders to the Spartans, who execute over 200 prisoners and destroy the city.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/427_BC" title="427 BC">427 BC</a>: The Athenians intervene in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> to blockade Sparta from the island.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/428_BC" title="428 BC">428 BC</a>: The philosopher <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> is born.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/426_BC" title="426 BC">426 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Demosthenes" title="Demosthenes">Demosthenes</a> unsuccessfully besieges the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinthian</a> colony of <a href="/wiki/Leukas" class="mw-redirect" title="Leukas">Leukas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/426_BC" title="426 BC">426 BC</a>: When <a href="/wiki/Ambracia" title="Ambracia">Ambracia</a> invades <a href="/wiki/Acarnania" title="Acarnania">Acarnania</a>, they seek help from the Spartans and Athenians respectively. The Athenians then defeat the Spartans in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Olpae" title="Battle of Olpae">Battle of Olpae</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/425_BC" title="425 BC">425 BC</a>: Demosthenes captures the port of <a href="/wiki/Pylos" title="Pylos">Pylos</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Peloponnesus">Peloponnesus</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/425_BC" title="425 BC">425 BC</a>: The Athenians invade <a href="/wiki/Sphacteria" title="Sphacteria">Sphacteria</a> and defeat the Spartans in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pylos" title="Battle of Pylos">Battle of Pylos</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/424_BC" title="424 BC">424 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> withdraws from the war and expels every foreign power. Thus, <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> is forced to withdraw from the island.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/424_BC" title="424 BC">424 BC</a>: The Athenians try to capture <a href="/wiki/Megara" title="Megara">Megara</a>, but are defeated by the Spartans.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/424_BC" title="424 BC">424 BC</a>: The Spartan general <a href="/wiki/Brasidas" title="Brasidas">Brasidas</a> captures <a href="/wiki/Amphipolis" title="Amphipolis">Amphipolis</a>, which is a setback for Athens. <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a> is held responsible for the Athenian failure and is ostracised. This gives him time to start writing his <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Peloponnesian_War" title="History of the Peloponnesian War">history book</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/423_BC" title="423 BC">423 BC</a>: The Athenians propose a cease-fire, which the Spartan general Brasidas ignores.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/422_BC" title="422 BC">422 BC</a>: The Spartans defeat the Athenians in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Amphipolis" title="Battle of Amphipolis">Battle of Amphipolis</a>, where the Athenian <a href="/wiki/Cleon" title="Cleon">Cleon</a> and the Spartan <a href="/wiki/Brasidas" title="Brasidas">Brasidas</a> are both killed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/421_BC" title="421 BC">421 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Nicias" title="Peace of Nicias">Peace of Nicias</a> puts a temporary end to the hostilities between <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/420_BC" title="420 BC">420 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alcibiades" title="Alcibiades">Alcibiades</a> is elected <a href="/wiki/Strategos" title="Strategos">strategos</a> of Athens and begins dominating Athenian politics.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="410s_BC"><a href="/wiki/410s_BC" title="410s BC">410s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 410s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/419_BC" title="419 BC">419 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Nicias" title="Peace of Nicias">Peace of Nicias</a> is broken when Sparta defeats <a href="/wiki/Argos,_Peloponnese" title="Argos, Peloponnese">Argos</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/418_BC" title="418 BC">418 BC</a>: The Spartans win a major victory over the Athenians in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mantinea_(418_BC)" title="Battle of Mantinea (418 BC)">Battle of Mantinea</a>, the biggest land battle of the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/416_BC" title="416 BC">416 BC</a>: The Athenians capture the island of <a href="/wiki/Melos" class="mw-redirect" title="Melos">Melos</a> and treat the inhabitants with great cruelty.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/416_BC" title="416 BC">416 BC</a>: The Athenians adhere to a plea of help from <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> and start planning an invasion of the island.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/415_BC" title="415 BC">415 BC</a>: The sacred <a href="/wiki/Herma" class="mw-redirect" title="Herma">Hermae</a> busts in Athens are mutilated just before the expedition to Sicily is sent away. One of the culprits, <a href="/wiki/Andocides" title="Andocides">Andocides</a>, is captured and is forced to turn informer. He names the other mutilators, among them Alcibiades, who are sentenced to death in their absence.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/415_BC" title="415 BC">415 BC</a>: Alcibiades defects from Athens to Sparta after having learned about his death sentence.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/414_BC" title="414 BC">414 BC</a>: The Athenians try to make a breakthrough in <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Expedition" title="Sicilian Expedition">their siege</a> of <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a> but are defeated by the Spartans.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/413_BC" title="413 BC">413 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81gad%C4%81saka" title="Nāgadāsaka">Nagadaska</a> is deposed by people of <a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a>. Thus, ending <a href="/wiki/Haryanka_dynasty" title="Haryanka dynasty">Haryanka dynasty</a>. He succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Shishunaga" title="Shishunaga">Shishunaga</a> who founded <a href="/wiki/Shaishunaga_dynasty" title="Shaishunaga dynasty">Shaishunaga dynasty</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/413_BC" title="413 BC">413 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Demosthenes_(general)" title="Demosthenes (general)">Demosthenes</a> suggests the Athenians leave Syracuse in order to return to Athens, where help is needed. However, <a href="/wiki/Nicias" title="Nicias">Nicias</a> refuses and they are again <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Syracuse_(415_BC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Syracuse (415 BC)">defeated in battle</a> by the Spartans. Both Demosthenes and Nicias are killed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/413_BC" title="413 BC">413 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Caria" title="Caria">Caria</a> allies itself with Sparta.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/412_BC" title="412 BC">412 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian Empire</a> starts preparing an invasion of <a href="/wiki/Ionia" title="Ionia">Ionia</a> and signs a treaty with <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> about it.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/411_BC" title="411 BC">411 BC</a>: The democracy in Athens is overthrown and replaced by the oligarchic <a href="/wiki/The_Four_Hundred_(oligarchy)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Four Hundred (oligarchy)">Council of Four Hundred</a>. This council is itself soon defeated and order is almost restored, when the Five Thousand start ruling. Early next year, they are also overthrown and the old democracy is restored.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/410_BC" title="410 BC">410 BC</a>: Athens regains control over its vital grain route from the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> by defeating Sparta in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cyzicus" title="Battle of Cyzicus">Battle of Cyzicus</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="400s_BC"><a href="/wiki/400s_BC_(decade)" title="400s BC (decade)">400s BC</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 400s BC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/409_BC" title="409 BC">409 BC</a>: Athens recaptures <a href="/wiki/Byzantium" title="Byzantium">Byzantium</a>, thereby putting an end to its revolt against Athens and taking control of the whole <a href="/wiki/Bosporus" title="Bosporus">Bosporus</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/409_BC" title="409 BC">409 BC</a>: The city of <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a> is founded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/409_BC" title="409 BC">409 BC</a>: The Carthaginians invade <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/408_BC" title="408 BC">408 BC</a>: The Persian king, <a href="/wiki/Darius_II_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Darius II of Persia">Darius II</a>, decides to aid Sparta in the war and makes his son <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Younger" title="Cyrus the Younger">Cyrus</a> a <a href="/wiki/Satrap" title="Satrap">satrap</a>. However, Cyrus starts collecting an army to benefit his own interests, rather than his father's.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/408_BC" title="408 BC">408 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alcibiades" title="Alcibiades">Alcibiades</a> returns to Athens in triumph after an absence of seven years.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/407_BC" title="407 BC">407 BC</a>: The Athenian fleet is routed by the Spartan one in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Notium" title="Battle of Notium">Battle of Notium</a>, which gives Alcibiades' opponents a reason to strip him of command. He never returns to Athens again.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/406_BC" title="406 BC">406 BC</a>: Athens defeats Sparta in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arginusae" title="Battle of Arginusae">Battle of Arginusae</a> and the blockade of <a href="/wiki/Conon" title="Conon">Conon</a> is lifted.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/406_BC" title="406 BC">406 BC</a>: Sparta sues for peace, but Athens rejects this.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/406_BC" title="406 BC">406 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/Carthage" title="Carthage">Carthaginians</a> once again invade Sicily and return to Carthage with spoils of war, but also with the plague.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/405_BC" title="405 BC">405 BC</a>: The Spartan king <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_of_Sparta" class="mw-redirect" title="Pausanias of Sparta">Pausanias</a> lays siege to <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, which makes the city start starving.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/405_BC" title="405 BC">405 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_the_Elder" class="mw-redirect" title="Dionysius the Elder">Dionysius the Elder</a> rises to power in <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Sicily" title="Syracuse, Sicily">Syracuse</a>. He signs a peace with Carthage and starts consolidating and expanding his influence.</li> <li>April 25, <a href="/wiki/404_BC" title="404 BC">404 BC</a>: Athens surrenders to Sparta, ending the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a>. Sparta introduces an oligarchic system, the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Tyrants" title="Thirty Tyrants">Thirty Tyrants</a>, in Athens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/404_BC" title="404 BC">404 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Egypt</a> rebels against Persian rule.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/403_BC" title="403 BC">403 BC</a>: The Chinese state of <a href="/wiki/Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Jin (Chinese state)">Jin</a> is <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Jin" title="Partition of Jin">divided</a> into three smaller nations.<sup id="cite_ref-Zhao2004_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhao2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/403_BC" title="403 BC">403 BC</a>: The first <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_engineering" title="Hydraulic engineering">hydraulic engineering</a> in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> for a large irrigation canal system is designed by <a href="/wiki/Ximen_Bao" title="Ximen Bao">Ximen Bao</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/403_BC" title="403 BC">403 BC</a>: Some exiled Athenians return to fight the Thirty Tyrants and restore democracy in Athens. They are, however, narrowly defeated by the Spartans in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Piraeus" title="Battle of Piraeus">Battle of Piraeus</a>. After this, the Spartan king <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_of_Sparta" class="mw-redirect" title="Pausanias of Sparta">Pausanias</a> allows democracy to be restored in Athens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/403_BC" title="403 BC">403 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thrasybulus" title="Thrasybulus">Thrasybulus</a> restores the Athenian democracy and grants an almost general amnesty.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/403_BC" title="403 BC">403 BC</a>: The Athenians adopt the Ionian alphabet.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/401_BC" title="401 BC">401 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_the_Younger" title="Cyrus the Younger">Cyrus the Younger</a> rebels against the Persian king <a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_II" title="Artaxerxes II">Artaxerxes II</a> but is, however, eventually slain in battle.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_BC" title="400 BC">400 BC</a>: After Cyrus has been killed, his Greek mercenaries make their way back to Greece, where Sparta is so impressed with their feats in and march through <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> that they declare war on the Persians.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_BC" title="400 BC">400 BC</a>: The Carthaginians occupy <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_BC" title="400 BC">400 BC</a>: The Egyptians successfully revolt against Persian rule.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_BC" title="400 BC">400 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> has its origins as far back as this time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_BC" title="400 BC">400 BC</a>: <a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_period" title="Jōmon period">Jōmon period</a> ends in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Japan">Ancient Japan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_BC" title="400 BC">400 BC</a>: The <a href="/wiki/D%27mt" class="mw-redirect" title="D'mt">Kingdom of D'mt</a> is disestablished.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions"><span id="Inventions.2C_discoveries.2C_introductions"></span>Inventions, discoveries, introductions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Inventions, discoveries, introductions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cast_iron" title="Cast iron">Cast iron</a> is first used in the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Wu_(state)" title="Wu (state)">Kingdom of Wu</a> with the innovation of the <a href="/wiki/Blast_furnace" title="Blast furnace">blast furnace</a>, and soon becomes widespread for agricultural tools and weapons during the <a href="/wiki/Warring_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Warring States">Warring States</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebuchet" title="Trebuchet">Trebuchet</a> <a href="/wiki/Catapult" title="Catapult">catapult</a> is first used by followers of the Chinese philosopher <a href="/wiki/Mozi" title="Mozi">Mozi</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The Greeks invent the <a href="/wiki/Anchor" title="Anchor">Anchor</a> with flukes.</li> <li>The Greeks start to use <a href="/wiki/Shear_legs" title="Shear legs">shear-leg</a> cranes for construction and loading of ships.</li> <li>The Greeks invent <a href="/wiki/Linear_perspective" class="mw-redirect" title="Linear perspective">linear perspective</a>.</li> <li>The Greeks develop an indirect lost wax process for casting <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a>.</li> <li>The Chinese <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic">hydraulic</a> engineer <a href="/wiki/Ximen_Bao" title="Ximen Bao">Ximen Bao</a> (西門豹) oversees an enormous <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canal</a> system for agricultural <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a>, while employed by <a href="/wiki/Marquis_Wen_of_Wei" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquis Wen of Wei">Marquis Wen of Wei</a> (文侯) (<a href="/wiki/445_BC" title="445 BC">445 BC</a>–<a href="/wiki/396_BC" title="396 BC">396 BC</a>).</li> <li>The Chinese philosopher <a href="/wiki/Li_Kui_(legalism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Kui (legalism)">Li Kui</a> writes the <i>Book of Law</i> (Fajing, 法经) in <a href="/wiki/407_BC" title="407 BC">407 BC</a>, the basis for the law codes of the following <a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin dynasty</a> and partially that of the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a>.</li> <li>Scholars commonly accept that the Hindu text the Bhagavad Gita was written.</li> <li>Creation of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Foundry_Cup" title="Berlin Foundry Cup">Berlin Foundry Cup</a> (early 5th century).</li> <li>The oldest known <a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar">Maya calendar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sovereign_states">Sovereign states</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sovereign states"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_the_5th_century_BC" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in the 5th century BC">List of sovereign states in the 5th century BC</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Zhao2004-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zhao2004_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZhao2004" class="citation journal cs1">Zhao, Dingxin (2004). "Comment: Spurious Causation in a Historical Process: War and Bureaucratization in Early China". <i>American Sociological Review</i>. <b>69</b> (4): 603–607. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F000312240406900407">10.1177/000312240406900407</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Sociological+Review&rft.atitle=Comment%3A+Spurious+Causation+in+a+Historical+Process%3A+War+and+Bureaucratization+in+Early+China&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=603-607&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F000312240406900407&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Dingxin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A5th+century+BC" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Decades_and_years" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Decades_and_years" title="Template:Decades and years"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Decades_and_years" title="Template talk:Decades and years"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Decades_and_years" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Decades and years"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Decades_and_years" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Decade" title="Decade">Decades</a> and <a href="/wiki/Year" title="Year">years</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>5th century <small>BC</small></b><br /><small><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/7th_century_BC" title="7th century BC">7th century <small>BC</small></a> ← <a href="/wiki/6th_century_BC" title="6th century BC">6th century <small>BC</small></a> ← ↔ → <a href="/wiki/4th_century_BC" title="4th century BC">4th century <small>BC</small></a> → <a href="/wiki/3rd_century_BC" title="3rd century BC">3rd century <small>BC</small></a></span></small> <table border="0" cellpadding="3" style="text-align: center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/500s_BC_(decade)" title="500s BC (decade)"><b>500s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/509_BC" title="509 BC">509 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/508_BC" title="508 BC">508 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/507_BC" title="507 BC">507 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/506_BC" title="506 BC">506 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/505_BC" title="505 BC">505 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/504_BC" title="504 BC">504 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/503_BC" title="503 BC">503 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/502_BC" title="502 BC">502 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/501_BC" title="501 BC">501 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/500_BC" title="500 BC">500 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/490s_BC" title="490s BC"><b>490s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/499_BC" title="499 BC">499 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/498_BC" title="498 BC">498 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/497_BC" title="497 BC">497 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/496_BC" title="496 BC">496 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/495_BC" title="495 BC">495 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/494_BC" title="494 BC">494 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/493_BC" title="493 BC">493 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/492_BC" title="492 BC">492 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/491_BC" title="491 BC">491 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/490_BC" title="490 BC">490 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/480s_BC" title="480s BC"><b>480s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/489_BC" title="489 BC">489 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/488_BC" title="488 BC">488 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/487_BC" title="487 BC">487 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/486_BC" title="486 BC">486 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/485_BC" title="485 BC">485 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/484_BC" title="484 BC">484 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/483_BC" title="483 BC">483 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/482_BC" title="482 BC">482 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/481_BC" title="481 BC">481 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/480_BC" title="480 BC">480 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/470s_BC" title="470s BC"><b>470s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/479_BC" title="479 BC">479 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/478_BC" title="478 BC">478 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/477_BC" title="477 BC">477 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/476_BC" title="476 BC">476 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/475_BC" title="475 BC">475 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/474_BC" title="474 BC">474 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/473_BC" title="473 BC">473 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/472_BC" title="472 BC">472 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/471_BC" title="471 BC">471 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/470_BC" title="470 BC">470 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/460s_BC" title="460s BC"><b>460s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/469_BC" title="469 BC">469 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/468_BC" title="468 BC">468 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/467_BC" title="467 BC">467 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/466_BC" title="466 BC">466 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/465_BC" title="465 BC">465 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/464_BC" title="464 BC">464 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/463_BC" title="463 BC">463 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/462_BC" title="462 BC">462 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/461_BC" title="461 BC">461 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/460_BC" title="460 BC">460 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/450s_BC" title="450s BC"><b>450s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/459_BC" title="459 BC">459 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/458_BC" title="458 BC">458 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/457_BC" title="457 BC">457 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/456_BC" title="456 BC">456 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/455_BC" title="455 BC">455 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/454_BC" title="454 BC">454 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/453_BC" title="453 BC">453 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/452_BC" title="452 BC">452 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/451_BC" title="451 BC">451 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/450_BC" title="450 BC">450 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/440s_BC" title="440s BC"><b>440s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/449_BC" title="449 BC">449 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/448_BC" title="448 BC">448 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/447_BC" title="447 BC">447 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/446_BC" title="446 BC">446 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/445_BC" title="445 BC">445 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/444_BC" title="444 BC">444 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/443_BC" title="443 BC">443 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/442_BC" title="442 BC">442 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/441_BC" title="441 BC">441 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/440_BC" title="440 BC">440 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/430s_BC" title="430s BC"><b>430s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/439_BC" title="439 BC">439 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/438_BC" title="438 BC">438 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/437_BC" title="437 BC">437 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/436_BC" title="436 BC">436 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/435_BC" title="435 BC">435 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/434_BC" title="434 BC">434 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/433_BC" title="433 BC">433 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/432_BC" title="432 BC">432 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/431_BC" title="431 BC">431 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/430_BC" title="430 BC">430 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/420s_BC" title="420s BC"><b>420s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/429_BC" title="429 BC">429 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/428_BC" title="428 BC">428 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/427_BC" title="427 BC">427 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/426_BC" title="426 BC">426 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/425_BC" title="425 BC">425 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/424_BC" title="424 BC">424 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/423_BC" title="423 BC">423 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/422_BC" title="422 BC">422 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/421_BC" title="421 BC">421 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/420_BC" title="420 BC">420 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/410s_BC" title="410s BC"><b>410s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/419_BC" title="419 BC">419 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/418_BC" title="418 BC">418 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/417_BC" title="417 BC">417 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/416_BC" title="416 BC">416 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/415_BC" title="415 BC">415 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/414_BC" title="414 BC">414 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/413_BC" title="413 BC">413 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/412_BC" title="412 BC">412 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/411_BC" title="411 BC">411 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/410_BC" title="410 BC">410 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #ffddcc"><a href="/wiki/400s_BC_(decade)" title="400s BC (decade)"><b>400s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/409_BC" title="409 BC">409 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/408_BC" title="408 BC">408 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/407_BC" title="407 BC">407 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/406_BC" title="406 BC">406 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/405_BC" title="405 BC">405 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/404_BC" title="404 BC">404 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/403_BC" title="403 BC">403 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/402_BC" title="402 BC">402 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffeedd"><a href="/wiki/401_BC" title="401 BC">401 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/400_BC" title="400 BC">400 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #eeeeee"><a href="/wiki/390s_BC" title="390s BC"><b>390s <small>BC</small></b></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/399_BC" title="399 BC">399 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/398_BC" title="398 BC">398 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/397_BC" title="397 BC">397 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/396_BC" title="396 BC">396 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/395_BC" title="395 BC">395 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/394_BC" title="394 BC">394 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/393_BC" title="393 BC">393 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/392_BC" title="392 BC">392 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/391_BC" title="391 BC">391 <small>BC</small></a> </td> <td style="background: #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/390_BC" title="390 BC">390 <small>BC</small></a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Centuries_and_millennia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Centuries" title="Template:Centuries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Centuries" title="Template talk:Centuries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Centuries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Centuries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Centuries_and_millennia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Century" title="Century">Centuries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Millennium" title="Millennium">millennia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="text-align:center;width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#efefef; width:10%;">Millennium</th> <th colspan="10" style="background-color:#efefef; width:90%;">Century</th> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="11" style="background-color:#ccf;">BC (BCE)</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:9%"><b><a href="/wiki/4th_millennium_BC" title="4th millennium BC">4th</a></b></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/40th_century_BC" title="40th century BC">40th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/39th_century_BC" title="39th century BC">39th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/38th_century_BC" title="38th century BC">38th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/37th_century_BC" title="37th century BC">37th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/36th_century_BC" title="36th century BC">36th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/35th_century_BC" title="35th century BC">35th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/34th_century_BC" title="34th century BC">34th</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/33rd_century_BC" title="33rd century BC">33rd</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/32nd_century_BC" title="32nd century BC">32nd</a></td> <td style="width:9%"><a href="/wiki/31st_century_BC" title="31st century BC">31st</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/3rd_millennium_BC" title="3rd millennium BC">3rd</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/30th_century_BC" title="30th century BC">30th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/29th_century_BC" title="29th century BC">29th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/28th_century_BC" title="28th century BC">28th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/27th_century_BC" title="27th century BC">27th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/26th_century_BC" title="26th century BC">26th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/25th_century_BC" title="25th century BC">25th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/24th_century_BC" title="24th century BC">24th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_century_BC" title="23rd century BC">23rd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/22nd_century_BC" title="22nd century BC">22nd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/21st_century_BC" title="21st century BC">21st</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium_BC" title="2nd millennium BC">2nd</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_century_BC" title="20th century BC">20th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/19th_century_BC" title="19th century BC">19th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/18th_century_BC" title="18th century BC">18th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_century_BC" title="17th century BC">17th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/16th_century_BC" title="16th century BC">16th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/15th_century_BC" title="15th century BC">15th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/14th_century_BC" title="14th century BC">14th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/13th_century_BC" title="13th century BC">13th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/12th_century_BC" title="12th century BC">12th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/11th_century_BC" title="11th century BC">11th</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/1st_millennium_BC" title="1st millennium BC">1st</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/10th_century_BC" title="10th century BC">10th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/9th_century_BC" title="9th century BC">9th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/8th_century_BC" title="8th century BC">8th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/7th_century_BC" title="7th century BC">7th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/6th_century_BC" title="6th century BC">6th</a></td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">5th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/4th_century_BC" title="4th century BC">4th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/3rd_century_BC" title="3rd century BC">3rd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_century_BC" title="2nd century BC">2nd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1st_century_BC" title="1st century BC">1st</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="11" style="background-color:#ccf;">AD (CE)</th> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/1st_millennium" title="1st millennium">1st</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/1st_century" title="1st century">1st</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_century" title="2nd century">2nd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/3rd_century" title="3rd century">3rd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/4th_century" title="4th century">4th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/5th_century" title="5th century">5th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/6th_century" title="6th century">6th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/7th_century" title="7th century">7th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/8th_century" title="8th century">8th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/9th_century" title="9th century">9th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/10th_century" title="10th century">10th</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/11th_century" title="11th century">11th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/12th_century" title="12th century">12th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/13th_century" title="13th century">13th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/14th_century" title="14th century">14th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/15th_century" title="15th century">15th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/18th_century" title="18th century">18th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/19th_century" title="19th century">19th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/3rd_millennium" title="3rd millennium">3rd</a></b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/21st_century" title="21st century">21st</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/22nd_century" class="mw-redirect" title="22nd century">22nd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_century" class="mw-redirect" title="23rd century">23rd</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/24th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="24th century">24th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/25th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="25th century">25th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/26th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="26th century">26th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/27th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="27th century">27th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/28th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="28th century">28th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/29th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="29th century">29th</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/30th_century" class="mw-redirect" title="30th century">30th</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ch460503&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&oldid=1255871344">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&oldid=1255871344</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th_century_BC" title="Category:5th century BC">5th century BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1st_millennium_BC" title="Category:1st millennium BC">1st millennium BC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Centuries" title="Category:Centuries">Centuries</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2015" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2015">Articles needing additional references from September 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 7 November 2024, at 02:18<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=5th_century_BC&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-2jnzp","wgBackendResponseTime":165,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.005","walltime":"1.256","ppvisitednodes":{"value":27010,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":218118,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":18616,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":33,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":11,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":37016,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1007.880 1 -total"," 37.34% 376.310 2 Template:Navbox"," 37.14% 374.337 1 Template:Decades_and_years"," 31.49% 317.415 1 Template:Decades_and_years/table"," 27.79% 280.046 12 Template:Decades_and_years/row"," 27.49% 277.019 12 Template:Decades_and_years/decaswitch"," 26.99% 272.011 12 Template:Decades_and_years/decade"," 23.66% 238.504 120 Template:Decades_and_years/year"," 23.44% 236.240 132 Template:Decades_and_years/box"," 22.41% 225.914 120 Template:Decades_and_years/yearbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.337","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5439593,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-5857dfdcd6-rwsdr","timestamp":"20241203065131","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"5th century BC","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/5th_century_BC","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q25339","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q25339","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-29T12:45:58Z","dateModified":"2024-11-07T02:18:00Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/da\/The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg","headline":"century"}</script> </body> </html>