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LinkedIn </div> </a> <ul id="toc-hiQ_Labs_v._LinkedIn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Membership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Platform_and_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Platform_and_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Platform and features </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Platform_and_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Platform and features subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Platform_and_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-User_profile_network" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#User_profile_network"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 User profile network </div> </a> <ul id="toc-User_profile_network-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Basic_functionality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basic_functionality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Basic functionality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basic_functionality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Applications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-External,_third_party_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External,_third_party_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 External, third party applications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External,_third_party_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Embedded_in_profile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Embedded_in_profile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2 Embedded in profile </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Embedded_in_profile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mobile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mobile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Mobile </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mobile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Groups </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Knowledge_graph" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Knowledge_graph"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Knowledge graph </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Knowledge_graph-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discontinued_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discontinued_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Discontinued features </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discontinued_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Usage </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Usage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Usage subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personal_branding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_branding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Personal branding </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_branding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Job_seeking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Job_seeking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Job seeking </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Job_seeking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Top_Companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Top_Companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Top Companies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Top_Companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Top_Voices_and_other_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Top_Voices_and_other_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Top Voices and other rankings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Top_Voices_and_other_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advertising_and_for-pay_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advertising_and_for-pay_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Advertising and for-pay research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advertising_and_for-pay_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business_Manager" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_Manager"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Business Manager </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business_Manager-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publishing_platform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publishing_platform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Publishing platform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publishing_platform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_plans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_plans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Future plans </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Future_plans-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Future plans subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Future_plans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic_graph" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_graph"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Economic graph </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_graph-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_networking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_networking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Role in networking </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_networking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_and_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Criticism and controversies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Criticism and controversies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Controversial_design_choices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversial_design_choices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Controversial design choices </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversial_design_choices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Endorsement_feature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Endorsement_feature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Endorsement feature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Endorsement_feature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_e-mail_accounts_of_members_for_spam_sending" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_e-mail_accounts_of_members_for_spam_sending"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Use of e-mail accounts of members for spam sending </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_e-mail_accounts_of_members_for_spam_sending-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moving_emails_to_LinkedIn_servers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moving_emails_to_LinkedIn_servers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.3 Moving emails to LinkedIn servers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moving_emails_to_LinkedIn_servers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Security incidents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2012_hack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012_hack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.1 2012 hack </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012_hack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021_breaches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_breaches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.2 2021 breaches </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_breaches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malicious_behavior_on_LinkedIn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malicious_behavior_on_LinkedIn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Malicious behavior on LinkedIn </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malicious_behavior_on_LinkedIn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Phishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3.1 Phishing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-False_and_misleading_information" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#False_and_misleading_information"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3.2 False and misleading information </div> </a> <ul id="toc-False_and_misleading_information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Policies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Policies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Privacy_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privacy_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4.1 Privacy policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privacy_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_on_labor_market_effects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_on_labor_market_effects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Research on labor market effects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_on_labor_market_effects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_restrictions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_restrictions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 International restrictions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_restrictions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Account_banning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Account_banning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Account banning </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Account_banning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open-source_contributions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open-source_contributions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Open-source contributions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open-source_contributions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_using_data_from_the_platform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_using_data_from_the_platform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Research using data from the platform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_using_data_from_the_platform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">LinkedIn</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 81 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" > 81 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83%D8%AF_%D8%A5%D9%86" title="لينكد إن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لينكد إن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="লিংকডইন – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লিংকডইন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkedin" title="Linkedin – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Linkedin" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="লিংকডইন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লিংকডইন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लिंक्डइन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="लिंक्डइन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लिंक्डइन – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="लिंक्डइन" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="لینکدین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لینکدین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC%EB%93%9C%EC%9D%B8" title="링크드인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="링크드인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%A4%D4%BB%D5%B6" title="ԼինքդԻն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="ԼինքդԻն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लिंक्डइन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लिंक्डइन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಲಿಂಕ್ಡ್‌ಇನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಲಿಂಕ್ಡ್‌ಇನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लिङ्क्डइन – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="लिङ्क्डइन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%87%E0%B5%BB" title="ലിങ്ക്ഡ്ഇൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലിങ്ക്ഡ്ഇൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लिंक्डइन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लिंक्डइन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%83%D8%AF_%D8%A5%D9%86" title="لينكد إن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لينكد إن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="လင့်ခ်အင်န် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လင့်ခ်အင်န်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8" title="लिङ्क्डइन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="लिङ्क्डइन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8" title="ਲਿੰਕਡਇਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਿੰਕਡਇਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%AF%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86" title="لینکدئین – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لینکدئین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkedin" title="Linkedin – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Linkedin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="லிங்டின் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லிங்டின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="లింక్డ్‌ఇన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="లింక్డ్‌ఇన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ลิงกต์อิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลิงกต์อิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%86%DA%A9%DA%88_%D8%A7%D9%86" title="لنکڈ ان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لنکڈ ان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="LinkedIn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A2%86%E8%8B%B1" title="领英 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="领英" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkedin" title="Linkedin – Cantonese" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Professional network website</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">LinkedIn Corporation</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:LinkedIn_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/LinkedIn_2021.svg/250px-LinkedIn_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/LinkedIn_2021.svg/375px-LinkedIn_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/LinkedIn_2021.svg/500px-LinkedIn_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="250" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Logo used since September 2021</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:LinkedIn_Headquarters_Sunnyvale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/LinkedIn_Headquarters_Sunnyvale.jpg/250px-LinkedIn_Headquarters_Sunnyvale.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/LinkedIn_Headquarters_Sunnyvale.jpg/375px-LinkedIn_Headquarters_Sunnyvale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/LinkedIn_Headquarters_Sunnyvale.jpg/500px-LinkedIn_Headquarters_Sunnyvale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4344" data-file-height="2896" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Sunnyvale,_California" title="Sunnyvale, California">Sunnyvale, California</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type of business</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Professional network service</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">36 languages<a href="#cite_note-About-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:transparent;color:inherit;">List of languages</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="">Arabic, Bengali, Chinese (simplified), Chinese (traditional), Czech, Danish, Dutch, English (UK), English (US), Farsi, French, Finnish, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Marathi, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tagalog, Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">May 5, 2003; 21 years ago (2003-05-05) <a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View, California</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline;" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View, California</a></div>, <div style="display:inline;" class="country-name">U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area served</th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Organizational_founder" title="Organizational founder">Founder(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reid_Hoffman" title="Reid Hoffman">Reid Hoffman</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Ly" title="Eric Ly">Eric Ly</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key people</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Weiner" title="Jeff Weiner">Jeff Weiner</a> (Executive Chairman) <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Roslansky" title="Ryan Roslansky">Ryan Roslansky</a> (CEO)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">Internet</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Revenue" title="Revenue">Revenue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>15.15 billion (2023)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">18,500 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-About-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Holding_company" title="Holding company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> (2016-present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/LinkedIn_Learning" title="LinkedIn Learning">LinkedIn Learning</a> <a href="/wiki/Connectifier" title="Connectifier">Connectifier</a> <a href="/wiki/Drawbridge_(company)" title="Drawbridge (company)">Drawbridge</a> Glint</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linkedin.com/">linkedin.com</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a> support</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Online_advertising" title="Online advertising">Advertising</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/AdSense" class="mw-redirect" title="AdSense">AdSense</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">Required</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Registered_user" title="Registered user">Users</a></th><td class="infobox-data">310 million <a href="/wiki/Monthly_active_users" class="mw-redirect" title="Monthly active users">MAU</a> (February 2023)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">unreliable source?</a>]</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">May 5, 2003; 21 years ago (2003-05-05)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr></tbody></table> LinkedIn (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/lɪŋktˈɪn/</a>) is a business and employment-focused online professional platform that works through <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">websites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile apps</a>. It was launched on May 5, 2003 by <a href="/wiki/Reid_Hoffman" title="Reid Hoffman">Reid Hoffman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eric_Ly" title="Eric Ly">Eric Ly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-about-4">[4]</a> Since December 2016, LinkedIn has been a wholly owned subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The platform is primarily used for professional networking and career development, and allows jobseekers to post their <a href="/wiki/Curriculum_vitae" title="Curriculum vitae">CVs</a> and employers to post jobs. From 2015, most of the company's revenue came from <a href="/wiki/Information_broker" class="mw-redirect" title="Information broker">selling access to information about its members</a> to recruiters and sales professionals and has also introduced their own ad portal named LinkedIn Ads to let companies advertise in their platform.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> LinkedIn has more than 1 billion registered members from over 200 countries and territories.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> LinkedIn allows members (both <a href="/wiki/Employees" class="mw-redirect" title="Employees">employees</a> and <a href="/wiki/Employers" class="mw-redirect" title="Employers">employers</a>) to create profiles and connect with each other in an online social network which may represent real-world professional relationships. Members can invite anyone (whether an existing member or not) to become a connection. LinkedIn can also be used to organize offline events, join groups, write articles, publish job postings, post photos and videos, and more.<a href="#cite_note-Help.linkedin.com-8">[8]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Company_overview">Company overview</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Company overview">edit</a>]</div> Founded in <a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View, California</a>, LinkedIn is currently headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View</a>, with 36 global offices as of February 11, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-About-1">[1]</a> In February 2024, the company had around 18,500 <a href="/wiki/Employment" title="Employment">employees</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-about-4">[4]</a> LinkedIn's current CEO is <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Roslansky" title="Ryan Roslansky">Ryan Roslansky</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Weiner" title="Jeff Weiner">Jeff Weiner</a>, previously CEO of LinkedIn, is now serving as the Executive Chairman. <a href="/wiki/Reid_Hoffman" title="Reid Hoffman">Reid Hoffman</a>, founder of LinkedIn, is chairman of the board.<a href="#cite_note-hempel2013-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> It was funded by <a href="/wiki/Sequoia_Capital" title="Sequoia Capital">Sequoia Capital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greylock_Partners" title="Greylock Partners">Greylock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bain_Capital_Ventures" title="Bain Capital Ventures">Bain Capital Ventures</a>,<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bessemer_Venture_Partners" title="Bessemer Venture Partners">Bessemer Venture Partners</a> and the European Founders Fund.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> LinkedIn reached profitability in March 2006.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Since January 2011, the company had received a total of $103 million (about $138 million in 2023) of <a href="/wiki/Investment" title="Investment">investment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IPO_rumour_Jan_2011-16">[16]</a> LinkedIn filed for an <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a> in January 2011 and traded its first shares in May, under the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">NYSE</a> <a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">symbol</a> "LNKD".<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_from_2002_to_2011">Founding from 2002 to 2011</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Founding from 2002 to 2011">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LinkedIn_Headquarters_Mountain_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/LinkedIn_Headquarters_Mountain_View.jpg/250px-LinkedIn_Headquarters_Mountain_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/LinkedIn_Headquarters_Mountain_View.jpg/330px-LinkedIn_Headquarters_Mountain_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/LinkedIn_Headquarters_Mountain_View.jpg/500px-LinkedIn_Headquarters_Mountain_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3792" data-file-height="2528" /></a><figcaption>Former LinkedIn headquarters on Stierlin Court in <a href="/wiki/Mountain_View,_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View, California</a></figcaption></figure> The company was founded in December 2002 by <a href="/wiki/Reid_Hoffman" title="Reid Hoffman">Reid Hoffman</a> and the founding team members from <a href="/wiki/PayPal" title="PayPal">PayPal</a> and Socialnet.com (Allen Blue, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Ly" title="Eric Ly">Eric Ly</a>, Jean-Luc Vaillant, Lee Hower, Konstantin Guericke, Stephen Beitzel, David Eves, Ian McNish, Yan Pujante, Chris Saccheri).<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> In late 2003, <a href="/wiki/Sequoia_Capital" title="Sequoia Capital">Sequoia Capital</a> led the <a href="/wiki/Series_A_round" title="Series A round">Series A</a> investment in the company.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> In August 2004, LinkedIn reached 1 million users.<a href="#cite_note-Byers2013-20">[20]</a> In March 2006, LinkedIn achieved its first month of profitability.<a href="#cite_note-Byers2013-20">[20]</a> In April 2007, LinkedIn reached 10 million users.<a href="#cite_note-Byers2013-20">[20]</a> In February 2008, LinkedIn launched a mobile version of the site.<a href="#cite_note-MyUser_Https:_September_11_2016c-21">[21]</a> In June 2008, <a href="/wiki/Sequoia_Capital" title="Sequoia Capital">Sequoia Capital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greylock_Partners" title="Greylock Partners">Greylock Partners</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a> firms purchased a 5% <a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">stake</a> in the company for $53 million, giving the company a <a href="/wiki/Post-money_valuation" title="Post-money valuation">post-money valuation</a> of approximately $1 billion.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In November 2009, LinkedIn opened its office in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> and soon thereafter in Sydney, as it started its Asia-Pacific team expansion. In 2010, LinkedIn opened an International Headquarters in Dublin, <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland#Information_and_communications_technology" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> received a $20 million investment from <a href="/wiki/Tiger_Global_Management" title="Tiger Global Management">Tiger Global Management</a> LLC at a valuation of approximately $2 billion,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> announced its first acquisition, Mspoke,<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> and improved its 1% <a href="/wiki/Premium_(marketing)" title="Premium (marketing)">premium</a> subscription ratio.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In October of that year, Silicon Valley Insider ranked the company No. 10 on its Top 100 List of most valuable startups.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> By December, the company was valued at $1.575 billion in private markets.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> LinkedIn started its India operations in 2009 and a major part of the first year was dedicated to understanding professionals in India and educating members to leverage LinkedIn for career development. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011_to_present">2011 to present</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2011 to present">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:222secondStreet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/222secondStreet.jpg/220px-222secondStreet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/222secondStreet.jpg/330px-222secondStreet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/222secondStreet.jpg/440px-222secondStreet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>LinkedIn office building at <a href="/wiki/222_Second_Street" title="222 Second Street">222 Second Street</a> in San Francisco (opened in March 2016)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LinkedInOfficeToronto2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/LinkedInOfficeToronto2.jpg/220px-LinkedInOfficeToronto2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/LinkedInOfficeToronto2.jpg/330px-LinkedInOfficeToronto2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/LinkedInOfficeToronto2.jpg/440px-LinkedInOfficeToronto2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>LinkedIn office in Toronto inside the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Eaton_Centre" title="Toronto Eaton Centre">Toronto Eaton Centre</a></figcaption></figure> LinkedIn filed for an <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a> in January 2011. The company traded its first shares on May 19, 2011, under the NYSE symbol "LNKD", at $45 (~$60.00 in 2023) per share.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Shares of LinkedIn rose as much as 171% on their first day of trade on the New York Stock Exchange and closed at $94.25, more than 109% above <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">IPO</a> price. Shortly after the IPO, the site's underlying infrastructure was revised to allow accelerated revision-release cycles.<a href="#cite_note-hempel2013-11">[11]</a> In 2011, LinkedIn earned $154.6 million in advertising revenue alone, surpassing <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>, which earned $139.5 million.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> LinkedIn's fourth-<a href="/wiki/Quarterly_finance_report" title="Quarterly finance report">quarter</a> 2011, earnings soared because of the company's increase in success in the social media world.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> By this point, LinkedIn had about 2,100 full-time employees compared to the 500 that it had in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> In April 2014, LinkedIn announced that it had leased <a href="/wiki/222_Second_Street" title="222 Second Street">222 Second Street</a>, a 26-story building under construction in <a href="/wiki/South_of_Market,_San_Francisco" title="South of Market, San Francisco">San Francisco's SoMa</a> district, to accommodate up to 2,500 of its employees,<a href="#cite_note-:0-34">[34]</a> with the lease covering 10 years.<a href="#cite_note-sfbusiness-35">[35]</a> The goal was to join all San Francisco-based staff (1,250 as of January 2016) in one building, bringing sales and <a href="/wiki/Marketing" title="Marketing">marketing</a> employees together with the <a href="/wiki/Research_and_Development_Efficiency_Act" title="Research and Development Efficiency Act">research and development</a> team.<a href="#cite_note-sfbusiness-35">[35]</a> In March 2016 they started to move in.<a href="#cite_note-sfbusiness-35">[35]</a> In February 2016 following an earnings report, LinkedIn's shares dropped 43.6% within a single day, down to $108.38 per share. LinkedIn lost $10 billion of its <a href="/wiki/Market_capitalization" title="Market capitalization">market capitalization</a> that day.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> In 2016, access to LinkedIn was blocked by <a href="/wiki/Russian_authorities" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian authorities">Russian authorities</a> for non-compliance with the 2015 national legislation that requires social media networks to store citizens' personal data on servers located in Russia.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> In June 2016, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> announced that it would acquire LinkedIn for $196 a share, a total value of $26.2 billion. It was the largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Microsoft" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Microsoft">acquisition made by Microsoft</a>, until the <a href="/wiki/Acquisition_of_Activision_Blizzard_by_Microsoft" title="Acquisition of Activision Blizzard by Microsoft">acquisition of Activision Blizzard</a> in 2022. The acquisition would be an all-cash, debt-financed transaction. Microsoft would allow LinkedIn to "retain its distinct brand, culture and independence", with Weiner to remain as CEO, who would then report to Microsoft CEO <a href="/wiki/Satya_Nadella" title="Satya Nadella">Satya Nadella</a>. Analysts believed Microsoft saw the opportunity to integrate LinkedIn with its <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Office product suite</a> to help better integrate the professional network system with its <a href="/wiki/Product_(business)" title="Product (business)">products</a>. The deal was completed on December 8, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-wsj_ms-39">[39]</a> In late 2016, LinkedIn announced a planned increase of 200 new positions in its Dublin office, which would bring the total employee count to 1,200.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Since 2017 94% of B2B marketers use LinkedIn to distribute content.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Soon after LinkedIn's acquisition by Microsoft, LinkedIn's new desktop version was introduced.<a href="#cite_note-LinkedIn_Corporate_Communications_Team-42">[42]</a> The new version was meant to make the user experience similar across mobile and desktop. Some changes were made according to the feedback received from the previously launched mobile app. Features that were not heavily used were removed. For example, the contact tagging and filtering features are not supported anymore.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Following the launch of the new <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> (UI), some users complained about the missing features which were there in the older version, slowness, and bugs in it. The issues were faced by free and premium users and with both the desktop and mobile versions of the site. In 2019, LinkedIn launched globally the feature Open for Business that enables freelancers to be discovered on the platform.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> LinkedIn Events was launched in the same year.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In June 2020, Jeff Weiner stepped down as CEO and become executive chairman after 11 years in the role. Ryan Roslansky stepped up as CEO from his previous position as the senior vice president of product.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In late July 2020, LinkedIn announced it <a href="/wiki/Layoff" title="Layoff">laid off</a> 960 employees, about 6 percent of the total workforce, from the talent acquisition and global sales teams. In an email to all employees, CEO <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Roslansky" title="Ryan Roslansky">Ryan Roslansky</a> said the cuts were due to effects of the global <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In April 2021, CyberNews claimed that 500 million LinkedIn's accounts have leaked online.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> However, LinkedIn stated that "We have investigated an alleged set of LinkedIn data that has been posted for sale and have determined that it is actually an aggregation of data from a number of websites and companies".<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In June 2021, PrivacySharks claimed that more than 700 million LinkedIn records were on sale on a hacker forum.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> LinkedIn later stated that this is not a breach, but scraped data which is also a violation of their Terms of Service.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Microsoft ended LinkedIn operations in China in October 2021.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In 2022, LinkedIn earned $13.8 billion in revenue, compared to $10.3 billion in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> In May 2023, LinkedIn cut 716 positions from its 20,000 workforce. The move, according to a letter from the company's CEO Ryan Roslansky, was made to streamline the business's operations. Roslansky further stated that this decision would result in the creation of 250 job opportunities. Additionally, LinkedIn also announced the discontinuance of its China local job apps.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> In June 2024, Axios reported LinkedIn was testing a new <a href="/wiki/AI" class="mw-redirect" title="AI">AI</a> assistant for its paid Premium users.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> In September 2024, LinkedIn suspended its use of UK user data for AI model training after concerns were raised by the <a href="/wiki/Information_Commissioner%27s_Office" title="Information Commissioner's Office">Information Commissioner's Office</a> (ICO). The platform had quietly opted in users globally for data use in AI training. However, following ICO feedback, LinkedIn paused this practice for UK users. A company spokesperson stated that LinkedIn has always allowed users to control how their data is used and has now provided UK users with an opt-out option.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In November 2024, Linkedin challenged <a href="/wiki/Online_Safety_Amendment" title="Online Safety Amendment">Australian legislation which sought to ban under-16's from social media platforms</a> on the grounds that it does 'not have content interesting and appealing to minors.'<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acquisitions">Acquisitions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Acquisitions">edit</a>]</div> In July 2012, LinkedIn acquired 15 key <a href="/wiki/Digg" title="Digg">Digg</a> patents for $4 million including a "<a href="/wiki/Like_button" title="Like button">click a button to vote up a story</a>" patent.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:30px;">Number </th> <th scope="col" style="width:100px;">Acquisition date </th> <th scope="col">Company </th> <th scope="col">Business </th> <th scope="col" style="width:50px;">Country </th> <th scope="col" style="width:80px;">Price </th> <th scope="col">Description </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="References">Ref.</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>August 4, 2010 </td> <td>mspoke </td> <td>Adaptive personalization of content </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$0.6 million<a href="#cite_note-SEC_S/1_Filing-63">[63]</a> </td> <td>LinkedIn Recommendations </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>September 23, 2010 </td> <td>ChoiceVendor </td> <td>Social B2B Reviews </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$3.9 million<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> </td> <td>Rate and review B2B service providers </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td>January 26, 2011 </td> <td>CardMunch </td> <td>Social Contacts </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$1.7 million<a href="#cite_note-SEC_S/1_Filing-63">[63]</a> </td> <td>Scan and import business cards </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td>October 5, 2011 </td> <td>Connected </td> <td>Social CRM </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>LinkedIn Connected </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td>October 11, 2011 </td> <td>IndexTank </td> <td>Social search </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>LinkedIn Search </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td>February 22, 2012 </td> <td>Rapportive </td> <td>Social Contacts </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$15 million<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td>2012 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=ESAYA_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ESAYA Inc. (page does not exist)">ESAYA Inc.</a> </td> <td>Social Content </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>TrueSwitch - Migrate Your Email, Contacts & Calendar data Between Provider's Account </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td>May 3, 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/SlideShare" title="SlideShare">SlideShare</a> </td> <td>Social Content </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$119 million </td> <td>Give LinkedIn members a way to discover people through content </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td>April 11, 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pulse_(Application)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulse (Application)">Pulse</a> </td> <td>Web / Mobile newsreader </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$90 million </td> <td>Definitive professional publishing platform </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td>February 6, 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bright.com" title="Bright.com">Bright.com</a> </td> <td>Job Matching </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$120 million </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td>July 14, 2014 </td> <td>Newsle </td> <td>Web application </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Allows users to follow real news about their Facebook friends, LinkedIn contacts, and public figures. </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td>July 22, 2014 </td> <td>Bizo </td> <td>Web application </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$175 million </td> <td>Helps advertisers reach businesses and professionals </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td>March 16, 2015 </td> <td>Careerify </td> <td>Web application </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Helps businesses hire people using social media </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 </td> <td>April 2, 2015 </td> <td>Refresh.io </td> <td>Web application </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Surfaces insights about people in your networks right before you meet them </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 </td> <td>April 9, 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lynda.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynda.com">Lynda.com</a> </td> <td>eLearning </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>$1.5 billion </td> <td>Lets users learn business, technology, software, and creative skills through videos </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 </td> <td>August 28, 2015 </td> <td>Fliptop </td> <td>Predictive Sales and Marketing Firm </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Using data science to help companies close more sales </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 </td> <td>February 4, 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Connectifier" title="Connectifier">Connectifier</a> </td> <td>Web application </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Helps companies with their recruiting </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 </td> <td>July 26, 2016 </td> <td>PointDrive </td> <td>Web application </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Lets salespeople share visual content with prospective clients to help seal the deal </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 </td> <td>September 16, 2018 </td> <td>Glint Inc. </td> <td>Web application </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Employee engagement platform. </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 </td> <td>May 28, 2019 </td> <td>Drawbridge </td> <td>Marketing Solutions </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perkins_lawsuit">Perkins lawsuit</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Perkins lawsuit">edit</a>]</div> In 2013, a <a href="/wiki/Class_action" title="Class action">class action</a> lawsuit entitled Perkins vs. LinkedIn Corp was filed against the company, accusing it of automatically sending invitations to contacts in a member's email address book without permission. The court agreed with LinkedIn that permission had in fact been given for invitations to be sent, but not for the two further reminder emails.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> LinkedIn <a href="/wiki/Settlement_(litigation)" title="Settlement (litigation)">settled</a> the lawsuit in 2015 for $13 million (~$16.3 million in 2023).<a href="#cite_note-auto-87">[87]</a> Many members should have received a notice in their email with the subject line "Legal Notice of Settlement of Class Action". The Case No. is 13-CV-04303-LHK.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="hiQ_Labs_v._LinkedIn">hiQ Labs v. LinkedIn</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: hiQ Labs v. LinkedIn">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/HiQ_Labs_v._LinkedIn" title="HiQ Labs v. LinkedIn">hiQ Labs v. LinkedIn</a></div> In May 2017, LinkedIn sent a Cease-And-Desist letter to hiQ Labs, a Silicon Valley startup that collects data from public profiles and provides analysis of this data to its customers. The letter demanded that hiQ immediately cease "scraping" data from LinkedIn's servers, claiming violations of the CFAA (Computer Fraud and Abuse Act) and the DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act). In response hiQ sued LinkedIn in the Northern District of California in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, asking the court to prohibit LinkedIn from blocking its access to public profiles while the court considered the merits of its request. The court served a preliminary injunction against LinkedIn, which was then forced to allow hiQ to continue to collect public data. LinkedIn appealed this ruling; in September 2019, the appeals court rejected LinkedIn's arguments and the preliminary injunction was upheld. The dispute is ongoing. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Membership">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Linkedin_Chocolates.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Linkedin_Chocolates.jpg/250px-Linkedin_Chocolates.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Linkedin_Chocolates.jpg/330px-Linkedin_Chocolates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Linkedin_Chocolates.jpg/500px-Linkedin_Chocolates.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3503" data-file-height="2502" /></a><figcaption>Social media websites may also use "traditional" marketing approaches, as seen in these LinkedIn-branded chocolates.</figcaption></figure> In 2015, LinkedIn had more than 400 million members in over 200 countries and territories,<a href="#cite_note-hempel2013-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-in-89">[89]</a> which was significantly more than competitor <a href="/wiki/Viadeo" title="Viadeo">Viadeo</a> (50 million as of 2013.)<a href="#cite_note-thenextweb-90">[90]</a> In 2011, its membership grew by approximately two new members every second.<a href="#cite_note-TwoMembersASecond-91">[91]</a> In 2020, LinkedIn's membership grew to over 690 million LinkedIn members.<a href="#cite_note-about_linkedin-92">[92]</a> As of September 2021, LinkedIn had 774+ million registered members from over 200 countries and territories.<a href="#cite_note-about_linkedin-92">[92]</a> In November 2023, LinkedIn reached a member count of one billion.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Platform_and_features">Platform and features</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Platform and features">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="User_profile_network">User profile network</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: User profile network">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Basic_functionality">Basic functionality</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Basic functionality">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LinkedIn_homepage.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/LinkedIn_homepage.png/220px-LinkedIn_homepage.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/LinkedIn_homepage.png/330px-LinkedIn_homepage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/LinkedIn_homepage.png/440px-LinkedIn_homepage.png 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="223" /></a><figcaption>LinkedIn homepage</figcaption></figure> The basic functionality of LinkedIn allows users to create profiles, which for employees typically consist of a <a href="/wiki/Curriculum_vitae" title="Curriculum vitae">curriculum vitae</a> describing their work experience, education and training, skills, and a personal photo. Employers can list <a href="/wiki/Job" class="mw-redirect" title="Job">jobs</a> and search for potential candidates. Users can find jobs, people and business opportunities recommended by someone in one's contact network. Users can save jobs that they would like to apply for. Users also have the ability to follow different companies. The site also enables members to make "connections" to each other in an online social network which may represent real-world professional relationships. Members can invite anyone to become a connection. Users can obtain introductions to the connections of connections (termed second-degree connections) and connections of second-degree connections (termed third-degree connections). A member's list of connections can be used in a number of ways. For example, users can search for second-degree connections who work at a company they are interested in, and then ask a specific first-degree connection in common for an introduction.<a href="#cite_note-SecondDegreeConnections-94">[94]</a> The "gated-access approach" (where contact with any professional requires either an existing relationship, or the intervention of a contact of theirs) is intended to build trust among the service's users. LinkedIn participated in the EU's <a href="/wiki/International_Safe_Harbor_Privacy_Principles" title="International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles">International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-95">[95]</a> Users can interact with each other in a variety of ways: <ul><li>Connections can interact by choosing to "like" posts and "congratulate" others on updates such as birthdays, anniversaries and new positions, as well as by direct messaging.</li> <li>Users can share video with text and filters with the introduction of LinkedIn Video.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a></li> <li>Users can write posts and articles<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> within the LinkedIn platform to share with their network.</li></ul> Since September 2012, LinkedIn has enabled users to "endorse" each other's skills. However, there is no way of flagging anything other than positive content.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> LinkedIn solicits endorsements using <a href="/wiki/Algorithm" title="Algorithm">algorithms</a> that generate skills members might have. Members cannot opt out of such solicitations, with the result that it sometimes appears that a member is soliciting an endorsement for a non-existent skill.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Applications">Applications</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Applications">edit</a>]</div> LinkedIn 'applications' often refer to external third-party applications that interact with LinkedIn's developer API. However, in some cases, it could refer to sanctioned applications featured on a user's profile page. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="External,_third_party_applications">External, third party applications</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External, third party applications">edit</a>]</div> In February 2015, LinkedIn released an updated terms of use for their developer API.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> The developer API allows both companies and individuals the ability to interact with LinkedIn's data through creation of managed third-party applications. Applications must go through a review process and request permission from the user before accessing a user's data. Normal use of the API is outlined in LinkedIn's developer documents,<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> including: <ul><li>Sign into external services using LinkedIn</li> <li>Add items or attributes to a user profile</li> <li>Share items or articles to user's timeline</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Embedded_in_profile">Embedded in profile</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Embedded in profile">edit</a>]</div> In October 2008, LinkedIn enabled an "applications platform" which allows external online services to be embedded within a member's profile page. Among the initial applications were an <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> Reading List that allows LinkedIn members to display books they are reading, a connection to Tripit, and a <a href="/wiki/Six_Apart" title="Six Apart">Six Apart</a>, <a href="/wiki/WordPress" title="WordPress">WordPress</a> and <a href="/wiki/TypePad" class="mw-redirect" title="TypePad">TypePad</a> application that allows members to display their latest blog postings within their LinkedIn profile.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> In November 2010, LinkedIn allowed businesses to list products and services on company profile pages; it also permitted LinkedIn members to "recommend" products and services and write reviews.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Shortly after, some of the external services were no longer supported, including Amazon's Reading List.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobile">Mobile</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Mobile">edit</a>]</div> A mobile version of the site was launched in February 2008 and made available in six languages: Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese and Spanish.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In January 2011, LinkedIn acquired CardMunch, a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile app</a> maker that scans <a href="/wiki/Business_card" title="Business card">business cards</a> and converts into contacts.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> In June 2013, CardMunch was noted as an available LinkedIn app.<a href="#cite_note-hempel2013-11">[11]</a> In October 2013, LinkedIn announced a service for iPhone users called "Intro", which inserts a thumbnail of a person's LinkedIn profile in correspondence with that person when reading mail messages in the native iOS <a href="/wiki/Mail_(Apple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mail (Apple)">Mail program</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> This is accomplished by re-routing all emails from and to the iPhone through LinkedIn servers, which security firm Bishop Fox asserts has serious <a href="/wiki/Privacy_issues_of_social_networking_sites" class="mw-redirect" title="Privacy issues of social networking sites">privacy implications</a>, violates many organizations' <a href="/wiki/Security_policy" title="Security policy">security policies</a>, and resembles a <a href="/wiki/Man-in-the-middle_attack" title="Man-in-the-middle attack">man-in-the-middle attack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groups">Groups</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Groups">edit</a>]</div> LinkedIn also supports daily the formation of interest groups. In 2012, there were 1,248,019 such groups whose membership varies from 1 to 744,662.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Groups support a limited form of discussion area, moderated by the group owners and managers.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Groups may be private, accessible to members only or may be open to Internet users in general to read, though they must join in order to post messages. Since groups offer the functionality to reach a wide audience without so easily falling foul of <a href="/wiki/Anti-spam_techniques" title="Anti-spam techniques">anti-spam solutions</a>, there is a constant stream of spam postings, and there now exists a range of firms who offer a spamming service for this very purpose. LinkedIn has devised a few mechanisms to reduce the volume of spam,<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> but recently[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>] decided to remove the ability of group owners to inspect the email address of new members in order to determine if they were spammers.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Groups also keep their members informed through emails with updates to the group, including most talked about discussions within your professional circles.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> In December 2011, LinkedIn announced that they are rolling out polls to groups.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> In November 2013, LinkedIn announced the addition of Showcase Pages to the platform.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> In 2014, LinkedIn announced they were going to be removing Product and Services Pages<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> paving the way for a greater focus on Showcase Pages.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Knowledge_graph">Knowledge graph</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Knowledge graph">edit</a>]</div> LinkedIn maintains an internal <a href="/wiki/Knowledge_graph" title="Knowledge graph">knowledge graph</a> of entities (people, organizations, groups) that helps it connect everyone working in a field or at an organization or network. This can be used to query the neighborhood around each entity to find updates that might be related to it.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> This also lets them train machine learning models that can infer new properties about an entity or further information that may apply to it for both summary views and analytics.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discontinued_features">Discontinued features</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Discontinued features">edit</a>]</div> In January 2013, LinkedIn dropped support for LinkedIn Answers and cited a new 'focus on development of new and more engaging ways to share and discuss professional topics across LinkedIn' as the reason for the retirement of the feature. The feature had been launched in 2007 and allowed users to post questions to their network and allowed users to rank answers. In 2014, LinkedIn retired InMaps, a feature which allowed you to visualize your professional network.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The feature had been in use since January 2011. According to the company's website, LinkedIn Referrals will no longer be available after May 2018.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] In September 2021, LinkedIn discontinued LinkedIn stories, a feature that was rolled out worldwide in October 2020.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Usage">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_branding">Personal branding</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Personal branding">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LinkedIn_connection_levels_first-level_second-level_third-level_according_to_Sandra_Long_of_Post_Road_Consulting.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/LinkedIn_connection_levels_first-level_second-level_third-level_according_to_Sandra_Long_of_Post_Road_Consulting.png/220px-LinkedIn_connection_levels_first-level_second-level_third-level_according_to_Sandra_Long_of_Post_Road_Consulting.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/LinkedIn_connection_levels_first-level_second-level_third-level_according_to_Sandra_Long_of_Post_Road_Consulting.png/330px-LinkedIn_connection_levels_first-level_second-level_third-level_according_to_Sandra_Long_of_Post_Road_Consulting.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/LinkedIn_connection_levels_first-level_second-level_third-level_according_to_Sandra_Long_of_Post_Road_Consulting.png/440px-LinkedIn_connection_levels_first-level_second-level_third-level_according_to_Sandra_Long_of_Post_Road_Consulting.png 2x" data-file-width="924" data-file-height="856" /></a><figcaption>When a user accepts an invitation from another user, they have a first-level connection; the user is indirectly connected to the other user's connections with what LinkedIn terms second-level and third-level connections.</figcaption></figure> LinkedIn is particularly well-suited for <a href="/wiki/Personal_branding" title="Personal branding">personal branding</a>, which, according to Sandra Long, entails "actively managing one's image and unique value" to position oneself for career opportunities.<a href="#cite_note-twsLong1212-124">[124]</a> LinkedIn has evolved from being a mere platform for job searchers into a social network which allows users a chance to create a personal brand.<a href="#cite_note-twsSA101-125">[125]</a> Career coach Pamela Green describes a personal brand as the "emotional experience you want people to have as a result of interacting with you," and a LinkedIn profile is an aspect of that.<a href="#cite_note-twsAN112-126">[126]</a> A contrasting report suggests that a personal brand is "a public-facing persona, exhibited on LinkedIn, Twitter and other networks, that showcases expertise and fosters new connections."<a href="#cite_note-twsWSH4433-127">[127]</a> LinkedIn allows professionals to build exposure for their brand within the site itself and on the World Wide Web as a whole. With a tool that LinkedIn dubs a Profile Strength Meter, the site encourages users to offer enough information in their profile to optimize <a href="/wiki/Search_engine_optimization" title="Search engine optimization">visibility by search engines</a>. It can strengthen a user's LinkedIn presence if they belong to professional groups on the site.<a href="#cite_note-twsTheStreet111-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-twsLong1212-124">[124]</a> The site enables users to add a video to their profiles.<a href="#cite_note-twsINC2010-129">[129]</a> Some users hire a professional photographer for their profile photo.<a href="#cite_note-twsForbes202-130">[130]</a> Video presentations can be added to one's profile.<a href="#cite_note-twsEP101-131">[131]</a> LinkedIn's capabilities have been expanding so rapidly that a cottage industry of outside consultants has grown up to help users navigate the system.<a href="#cite_note-twsFC101-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-twsINC2010-129">[129]</a> A particular emphasis is helping users with their LinkedIn profiles.<a href="#cite_note-twsFC101-132">[132]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">There's no hiding in the long grass on LinkedIn ... The number one mistake people make on the profile is to not have a photo.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Sandra Long of Post Road Consulting, 2017<a href="#cite_note-twsMktWatch101-133">[133]</a></cite></div></blockquote> In October 2012, LinkedIn launched the LinkedIn Influencers program, which features global <a href="/wiki/Thought_leader" title="Thought leader">thought leaders</a> who share their professional insights with LinkedIn's members. As of May 2016, there are 750+ Influencers.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> The program is invite-only and features leaders from a range of industries, including <a href="/wiki/Richard_Branson" title="Richard Branson">Richard Branson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arianna_Huffington" title="Arianna Huffington">Arianna Huffington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greg_McKeown_(author)" title="Greg McKeown (author)">Greg McKeown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Dimon" title="Jamie Dimon">Jamie Dimon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martha_Stewart" title="Martha Stewart">Martha Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deepak_Chopra" title="Deepak Chopra">Deepak Chopra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Welch" title="Jack Welch">Jack Welch</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a>.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Job_seeking">Job seeking</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Job seeking">edit</a>]</div> Job seekers and employers widely use LinkedIn. According to Jack Meyer, the site has become the "premier digital platform" for professionals to network online.<a href="#cite_note-twsTheStreet111-128">[128]</a> In Australia, which has approximately twelve million working professionals, ten million of them are on LinkedIn, according to Anastasia Santoreneos, suggesting that the probability was high that one's "future employer is probably on the site."<a href="#cite_note-twsYahooFinance113-137">[137]</a> According to one estimate based on worldwide figures, 122 million users got <a href="/wiki/Job_interview" title="Job interview">job interviews</a> via LinkedIn and 35 million were hired by a LinkedIn online connection.<a href="#cite_note-twsYahooFinance4454-138">[138]</a> LinkedIn also allows users to research companies, non-profit organizations, and governments they may be interested in working for. Typing the name of a company or organization in the search box causes pop-up data about the company or organization to appear. Such data may include the ratio of female to male employees, the percentage of the most common titles/positions held within the company, the location of the company's headquarters and offices, and a list of present and former employees. In July 2011, LinkedIn launched a new feature allowing companies to include an "Apply with LinkedIn" button on job listing pages.<a href="#cite_note-Plugin-139">[139]</a> The new plugin allowed potential employees to apply for positions using their LinkedIn profiles as resumes.<a href="#cite_note-Plugin-139">[139]</a> LinkedIn can help small businesses connect with customers.<a href="#cite_note-twsInc49400-140">[140]</a> In the site's parlance, two users have a "first-degree connection" when one accepts an invitation from another.<a href="#cite_note-twsYahooFinance4454-138">[138]</a> People connected to each of them are "second-degree connections" and persons connected to the second-degree connections are "third-degree connections."<a href="#cite_note-twsYahooFinance4454-138">[138]</a> This forms a user's internal LinkedIn network, making the user's profile more likely to appear in searches. LinkedIn's Profinder is a marketplace where freelancers can (for a monthly subscription fee) bid for project proposals submitted by individuals and small businesses.<a href="#cite_note-:2-141">[141]</a> In 2017, it had around 60,000 freelancers in more than 140 service areas, such as headshot photography, bookkeeping or tax filing.<a href="#cite_note-:2-141">[141]</a> The premise for connecting with someone has shifted significantly in recent years. Before the 2017 new interface was launched, LinkedIn encouraged connections between people who'd already worked, studied, done business, or the like. Since 2017, that step has been removed from the connection request process - and users are allowed to connect with up to 30,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> This change means LinkedIn is a more proactive networking site for job applicants trying to secure a career move or for salespeople wanting to generate new client leads.<a href="#cite_note-twsLong1212-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Top_Companies">Top Companies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Top Companies">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/LinkedIn_Top_Companies" title="LinkedIn Top Companies">LinkedIn Top Companies</a> is a series of lists published by LinkedIn, identifying companies in the United States, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, Spain, and the United Kingdom that are attracting the most intense interest from job candidates. The 2019 lists identified <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>'s parent company, <a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet</a>, as the most sought-after U.S. company, with <a href="/wiki/Facebook,_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook, Inc">Facebook</a> ranked second and <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> ranked third.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> The lists are based on more than one billion actions by LinkedIn members worldwide. The Top Companies lists were started in 2016 and are published annually. The 2021 top list identified <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> as the top company, with <a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet</a> ranked second and <a href="/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase" title="JPMorgan Chase">JPMorgan & Chase Co.</a> ranked third.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Top_Voices_and_other_rankings">Top Voices and other rankings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Top Voices and other rankings">edit</a>]</div> Since 2015, LinkedIn has published annual rankings of Top Voices on the platform, recognizing "members that generated the most engagement and interaction with their posts."<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> The 2020 lists<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> included 14 industry categories, ranging from data science to sports, as well as 14 country lists, extending from Australia to Italy. LinkedIn also publishes data-driven annual rankings of the Top Startups in more than a dozen countries, based on "employment growth, job interest from potential candidates, engagement, and attraction of top talent."<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advertising_and_for-pay_research">Advertising and for-pay research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Advertising and for-pay research">edit</a>]</div> In 2008, LinkedIn launched LinkedIn DirectAds as a form of sponsored advertising.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> In October 2008, LinkedIn revealed plans to open its social network of 30 million professionals globally as a potential sample for business-to-business research. It is testing a potential social network revenue model – research that, to some, appears more promising than advertising.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> On July 23, 2013, LinkedIn announced its Sponsored Updates ad service. Individuals and companies can now pay a fee to have LinkedIn sponsor their content and spread it to their user base. This is a common way for social media sites such as LinkedIn to generate revenue.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> LinkedIn launched its <a href="/wiki/Carousel_(advertisement)" title="Carousel (advertisement)">carousel ads</a> feature in 2018, making it the newest addition to the platform's advertising options. With carousel ads, businesses can showcase their products or services through a series of swipeable cards, each with its unique image, headline, and description. They can be used for various marketing objectives, such as promoting a new product launch, driving website traffic, generating leads, or building brand awareness. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Business_Manager">Business Manager</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Business Manager">edit</a>]</div> LinkedIn today[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>] announced the creation of Business Manager. The new Business Manager is a centralized platform designed to make it easier for large companies and agencies to manage people, ad accounts, and business pages.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Publishing_platform">Publishing platform</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Publishing platform">edit</a>]</div> In 2015, LinkedIn added an analytics tool to its publishing platform. The tool allows authors to better track the traffic that their posts receive. In relation to this functionality, LinkedIn has gained more users over the years in the interest of clearly monitoring users' posts through post-performance analytics<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future_plans">Future plans</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Future plans">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_graph">Economic graph</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Economic graph">edit</a>]</div> Inspired by Facebook's "<a href="/wiki/Social_graph" title="Social graph">social graph</a>", LinkedIn CEO Jeff Weiner set a goal in 2012 to create an "economic graph" within a decade.<a href="#cite_note-KovachBI-154">[154]</a> The goal was to create a comprehensive digital map of the world economy and the connections within it.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> The economic graph was to be built on the company's current platform with data nodes including companies, jobs, skills, volunteer opportunities, educational institutions, and content.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> They have been hoping to include all the job listings in the world, all the skills required to get those jobs, all the professionals who could fill them, and all the companies (nonprofit and for-profit) at which they work. The ultimate goal is to make the world economy and job market more efficient through increased transparency.<a href="#cite_note-KovachBI-154">[154]</a> In June 2014, the company announced its "Galene" search architecture to give users access to the economic graph's data with more thorough filtering of data, via user searches like "Engineers with Hadoop experience in Brazil."<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> LinkedIn has published blog posts using economic graph data to research several topics on the job market, including popular destination cities of recent college graduates,<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> areas with high concentrations of technology skills,<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> and common career transitions.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> LinkedIn provided the City of New York with data from economic graph showing "in-demand" tech skills for the city's "Tech Talent Pipeline" project.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_in_networking">Role in networking</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Role in networking">edit</a>]</div> LinkedIn has been described by online trade publication <a href="/wiki/TechRepublic" title="TechRepublic">TechRepublic</a> as having "become the de facto tool for professional networking".<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> LinkedIn has also been praised for its usefulness in fostering business relationships.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> "LinkedIn is, far and away, the most advantageous social networking tool available to job seekers and business professionals today", according to <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> LinkedIn has inspired the creation of specialised professional networking opportunities, such as co-founder Eddie Lou's Chicago startup, <a href="/wiki/Shiftgig" title="Shiftgig">Shiftgig</a> (released in 2012 as a platform for hourly workers).<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_controversies">Criticism and controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Criticism and controversies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversial_design_choices">Controversial design choices</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Controversial design choices">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Endorsement_feature">Endorsement feature</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Endorsement feature">edit</a>]</div> The feature that allows LinkedIn members to "endorse" each other's skills and experience has been criticized as meaningless, since the endorsements are not necessarily accurate or given by people who have familiarity with the member's skills.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> In October 2016, LinkedIn acknowledged that it "really does matter who endorsed you" and began highlighting endorsements from "coworkers and other mutual connections" to address the criticism.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Use_of_e-mail_accounts_of_members_for_spam_sending">Use of e-mail accounts of members for spam sending</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Use of e-mail accounts of members for spam sending">edit</a>]</div> LinkedIn sends "invite emails" to Outlook contacts from its members' email accounts, without obtaining their consent. The "invitations" give the impression that the e-mail holder themself has sent the invitation. If there is no response, the answer will be repeated several times ("You have not yet answered XY's invitation.") LinkedIn was sued in the United States on charges of hijacking e-mail accounts and spamming. The company argued with the right to freedom of expression. In addition, the users concerned would be supported in building a network.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> The sign-up process includes users entering their email password (there is an opt-out feature). LinkedIn will then offer to send out contact invitations to all members in that address book or that the user has had email conversations with. When the member's email address book is opened, it is opened with all email addresses selected, and the member is advised invitations will be sent to "selected" email addresses, or to all. LinkedIn was sued for sending out another two follow-up invitations to each contact from members to link to friends who had ignored the initial, authorized invitation. In November 2014, LinkedIn lost a motion to dismiss the lawsuit, in a ruling that the invitations were advertisements not broadly protected by free speech rights that would otherwise permit use of people's names and images without authorization.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> The lawsuit was eventually settled in 2015 in favor of LinkedIn members.<a href="#cite_note-auto-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Moving_emails_to_LinkedIn_servers">Moving emails to LinkedIn servers</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Moving emails to LinkedIn servers">edit</a>]</div> At the end of 2013 it was announced that the LinkedIn app intercepted users' emails and quietly moved them to LinkedIn servers for full access.<a href="#cite_note-New_York_Times-176">[176]</a> LinkedIn used man-in-the-middle attacks.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_incidents">Security incidents</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Security incidents">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012_hack">2012 hack</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: 2012 hack">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2012_LinkedIn_hack" title="2012 LinkedIn hack">2012 LinkedIn hack</a></div> In June 2012, <a href="/wiki/Cryptographic_hash_function" title="Cryptographic hash function">cryptographic hashes</a> of approximately 6.4 million LinkedIn user passwords were stolen by <a href="/wiki/Yevgeniy_Nikulin" title="Yevgeniy Nikulin">Yevgeniy Nikulin</a> and other hackers who then published the stolen hashes online.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> This action is known as the <a href="/wiki/2012_LinkedIn_hack" title="2012 LinkedIn hack">2012 LinkedIn hack</a>. In response to the incident, LinkedIn asked its users to change their passwords. <a href="/wiki/White_hat_(computer_security)" title="White hat (computer security)">Security experts</a> criticized LinkedIn for not <a href="/wiki/Salt_(cryptography)" title="Salt (cryptography)">salting</a> their password file and for using a single iteration of <a href="/wiki/SHA-1" title="SHA-1">SHA-1</a>.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> On May 31, 2013, LinkedIn added <a href="/wiki/Two-factor_authentication" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-factor authentication">two-factor authentication</a>, an important <a href="/wiki/Computer_security" title="Computer security">security</a> enhancement for preventing hackers from gaining access to accounts.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> In May 2016, 117 million LinkedIn usernames and passwords were offered for sale online for the equivalent of $2,200 (~$2,882 in 2024).<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> These account details are believed to be sourced from the original 2012 LinkedIn hack, in which the number of user IDs stolen had been underestimated. To handle the large volume of emails sent to its users every day with notifications for messages, profile views, important happenings in their network, and other things, LinkedIn uses the Momentum email platform from Message Systems.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2021_breaches">2021 breaches</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: 2021 breaches">edit</a>]</div> A breach disclosed in April 2021 affected 500 million users.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> A breach disclosed in June 2021 was thought to have affected 92% of users, exposing contact information, employment information. LinkedIn asserted that the data was aggregated via <a href="/wiki/Web_scraping" title="Web scraping">web scraping</a> from LinkedIn as well as several other sites, and noted that "only information that people listed publicly in their profiles" was included.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malicious_behavior_on_LinkedIn">Malicious behavior on LinkedIn</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Malicious behavior on LinkedIn">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Phishing">Phishing</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Phishing">edit</a>]</div> In what is known as <a href="/wiki/Operation_Socialist" title="Operation Socialist">Operation Socialist</a>, documents released by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2013_global_surveillance_disclosures" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 global surveillance disclosures">2013 global surveillance disclosures</a> revealed that British Government Communications Headquarters (<a href="/wiki/GCHQ" title="GCHQ">GCHQ</a>) (an intelligence and security organisation) infiltrated the Belgian telecommunications network <a href="/wiki/Belgacom" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgacom">Belgacom</a> by luring employees to a false LinkedIn page.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Dell_SecureWorks" class="mw-redirect" title="Dell SecureWorks">Dell SecureWorks</a> Counter Threat Unit (CTU) discovered that Threat Group-2889, an <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>-based group, created 25 fake LinkedIn accounts. The accounts were either fully developed personas or supporting personas. They use <a href="/wiki/Spearphishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Spearphishing">spearphishing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malware" title="Malware">malicious websites</a> against their victims.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources" title="Wikipedia:Independent sources">independent source needed</a>] According to reporting by <a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro" title="Le Figaro">Le Figaro</a>, France's <a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_for_Internal_Security" title="General Directorate for Internal Security">General Directorate for Internal Security</a> and <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">Directorate-General for External Security</a> believe that Chinese spies have used LinkedIn to target thousands of business and government officials as potential sources of information.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> In 2017, Germany's <a href="/wiki/Federal_Office_for_the_Protection_of_the_Constitution" title="Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution">Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution</a> (BfV) published information alleging that Chinese intelligence services had created fake social media profiles on sites such as LinkedIn, using them to gather information on German politicians and government officials.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> In 2022, the company ranked first in a list of brands most likely to be imitated in phishing attempts.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> In August 2023, several Linkedin users were targeted by hackers in hijacking and phishing bid. Users were locked out of their accounts and threatened with permanent account deletion if they did not pay a ransom.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="False_and_misleading_information">False and misleading information</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: False and misleading information">edit</a>]</div> LinkedIn has come under scrutiny for its handling of <a href="/wiki/Misinformation" title="Misinformation">misinformation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">disinformation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> The platform has struggled to deal with fake profiles and falsehoods about <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2020_US_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 US presidential election">2020 US presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Policies">Policies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Policies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Privacy policy">edit</a>]</div> The German <a href="/wiki/Stiftung_Warentest" title="Stiftung Warentest">Stiftung Warentest</a> has criticized that the balance of rights between users and LinkedIn is disproportionate, restricting users' rights excessively while granting the company far-reaching rights.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> It has also been claimed that LinkedIn does not respond to consumer protection center requests.<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research_on_labor_market_effects">Research on labor market effects</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Research on labor market effects">edit</a>]</div> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Social_Science_Computer_Review" title="Social Science Computer Review">Social Science Computer Review</a> published research by economists Ralf Caers and Vanessa Castelyns who sent an online questionnaire to 398 and 353 LinkedIn and Facebook users respectively in <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and found that both sites had become tools for recruiting job applicants for professional occupations as well as additional information about applicants, and that it was being used by recruiters to decide which applicants would receive interviews.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> In May 2017, Research Policy published an analysis of PhD holders use of LinkedIn and found that PhD holders who move into industry were more likely to have LinkedIn accounts and to have larger networks of LinkedIn connections, were more likely to use LinkedIn if they had co-authors abroad, and to have wider networks if they moved abroad after obtaining their PhD.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> Also in 2017, sociologist Ofer Sharone conducted interviews with unemployed workers to research the effects of LinkedIn and Facebook as labor market intermediaries and found that social networking services (SNS) have had a filtration effect that has little to do with evaluations of merit, and that the SNS filtration effect has exerted new pressures on workers to manage their careers to conform to the logic of the SNS filtration effect.<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> In October 2018, <a href="/wiki/Foster_School_of_Business" title="Foster School of Business">Foster School of Business</a> professors Melissa Rhee, Elina Hwang, and Yong Tan performed an empirical analysis of whether the common professional networking tactic by job seekers of creating LinkedIn connections with professionals who work at a target company or in a target field is actually instrumental in obtaining referrals and found instead that job seekers were less likely to be referred by employees who were employed by the target company or in the target field due to job similarity and self-protection from competition. Rhee, Hwang, and Tan further found that referring employees in higher hierarchical positions than the job candidates were more likely to provide referrals and that gender <a href="/wiki/Homophily" title="Homophily">homophily</a> did not reduce the competition self-protection effect.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> In July 2019, sociologists Steve McDonald, Amanda K. Damarin, Jenelle Lawhorne, and Annika Wilcox performed qualitative interviews with 61 <a href="/wiki/Human_resources" title="Human resources">human resources</a> recruiters in two metropolitan areas in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a> and found that recruiters filling low- and general-skilled positions typically posted advertisements on online job boards while recruiters filling high-skilled or supervisor positions targeted passive candidates on LinkedIn (i.e. employed workers not actively seeking work but possibly willing to change positions), and concluded that this is resulting in a bifurcated <a href="/wiki/Winner-take-all_market" title="Winner-take-all market">winner-takes-all</a> job market with recruiters focusing their efforts on poaching already employed high-skilled workers while active job seekers are relegated to hyper-competitive online job boards.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> In December 2001, the <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Computing_Machinery" title="Association for Computing Machinery">ACM SIGGROUP Bulletin</a> published a study on the use of mobile phones by <a href="/wiki/Blue-collar_worker" title="Blue-collar worker">blue-collar workers</a> that noted that research about tools for blue-collar workers to find work in the <a href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">digital age</a> was strangely absent and expressed concern that the absence of such research could lead to technology design choices that would concentrate greater power in the hands of managers rather than workers.<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> In a September 2019 <a href="/wiki/Working_paper" title="Working paper">working paper</a>, economists Laurel Wheeler, Robert Garlick, and <a href="/wiki/RTI_International" title="RTI International">RTI International</a> scholars Eric Johnson, Patrick Shaw, and Marissa Gargano ran a randomized evaluation of training job seekers in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> to use LinkedIn as part of job readiness programs. The evaluation found that the training increased the job seekers employment by approximately 10 percent by reducing <a href="/wiki/Frictional_unemployment" title="Frictional unemployment">information frictions</a> between job seekers and prospective employers, that the training had this effect for approximately 12 months, and that while the training may also have facilitated referrals, it did not reduce job search costs and the jobs for the <a href="/wiki/Treatment_and_control_groups" title="Treatment and control groups">treatment and control groups</a> in the evaluation had equal probabilities of retention, promotion, and obtaining a permanent contract.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> In 2020, <a href="/wiki/Applied_Economics_(journal)" title="Applied Economics (journal)">Applied Economics</a> published research by economists Steffen Brenner, Sezen Aksin Sivrikaya, and Joachim Schwalbach using LinkedIn demonstrating that high status individuals <a href="/wiki/Self-selection" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-selection">self-select</a> into professional networking services rather than workers unsatisfied with their career status adversely selecting into the services to receive networking benefits.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_restrictions">International restrictions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: International restrictions">edit</a>]</div> In February 2011, it was reported that LinkedIn was being <a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China">blocked in China</a> after calls for a "<a href="/wiki/2011_Chinese_pro-democracy_protests" title="2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests">Jasmine Revolution</a>". It was speculated to have been blocked because it is an easy way for dissidents to access <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>, which had been <a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_Twitter" title="Censorship of Twitter">blocked</a> previously.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> After a day of being blocked, LinkedIn access was restored in China.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> In February 2014, LinkedIn launched its Simplified Chinese language version named "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%A2%86" class="extiw" title="wikt:领">领</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1" class="extiw" title="wikt:英">英</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: Lǐngyīng; <abbr title="Literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'leading elite'), officially extending their service in China.<a href="#cite_note-reuters140225-211">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> LinkedIn CEO Jeff Weiner acknowledged in a blog post that they would have to censor some of the content that users post on its website in order to comply with Chinese rules, but he also said the benefits of providing its online service to people in China outweighed those concerns.<a href="#cite_note-reuters140225-211">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> Since Autumn 2017 job postings from western countries for China aren't possible anymore.<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> In 2016, a Moscow court ruled that LinkedIn must be blocked in Russia for violating a <a href="/wiki/Data_retention" title="Data retention">data retention</a> law which requires the user data of Russian citizens to be stored on servers within the country. The relevant law had been in force there since 2014.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> This ban was upheld on November 10, 2016, and all Russian ISPs began blocking LinkedIn thereafter. LinkedIn's mobile app was also banned from <a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Play Store">Google Play Store</a> and <a href="/wiki/IOS_App_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="IOS App Store">iOS App Store</a> in Russia in January 2017.<a href="#cite_note-verge-linkedinapprus-217">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-moscowtimes-upheld-218">[218]</a> In July 2021 it was also blocked in <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> In October 2021, after reports of several academicians and reporters who received notifications regarding their profiles will be blocked in China, Microsoft confirmed that LinkedIn will be shutting down in China and replaced with InJobs, a China exclusive app, citing difficulties in operating environments and increasing compliance requirements.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> In May 2023, LinkedIn announced that it would be phasing out the app by 9 August 2023.<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Account_banning">Account banning</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Account banning">edit</a>]</div> Without giving its users any prior notice, Linkedin has been removing accounts that do not follow its criteria since 2022.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Open-source_contributions">Open-source contributions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Open-source contributions">edit</a>]</div> Since 2010, LinkedIn has contributed several internal technologies, tools, and software products to the <a href="/wiki/Open-source_model" class="mw-redirect" title="Open-source model">open source</a> domain.<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> Notable among these projects is <a href="/wiki/Apache_Kafka" title="Apache Kafka">Apache Kafka</a>, which was built and open sourced at LinkedIn in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_using_data_from_the_platform">Research using data from the platform</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Research using data from the platform">edit</a>]</div> Massive amounts of data from LinkedIn allow scientists and machine learning researchers to extract insights and build product features.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> For example, this data can help to shape patterns of deception in resumes. Findings suggested that people commonly lie about their hobbies rather than their work experience on online resumes.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_network" title="Business network">Business network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Employment_website" title="Employment website">Employment website</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_networking_services" title="List of social networking services">List of social networking services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reputation_system" title="Reputation system">Reputation systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_network" title="Social network">Social network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_software" title="Social software">Social software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_social_media" title="Timeline of social media">Timeline of social media</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-About-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-About_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-About_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-About_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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Research Policy. 46 (4). <a href="/wiki/Elsevier" title="Elsevier">Elsevier</a>: 740–750. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.respol.2017.01.014">10.1016/j.respol.2017.01.014</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200612123935/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048733317300239">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2020. 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(ResearchGate) </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=LinkedIn&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:LinkedIn" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linkedin.com">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213660#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LinkedIn" title="Template:LinkedIn"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LinkedIn" title="Template talk:LinkedIn"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LinkedIn" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LinkedIn"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="LinkedIn103" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LinkedIn</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>A subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reid_Hoffman" title="Reid Hoffman">Reid Hoffman</a> (founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Ly" title="Eric Ly">Eric Ly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Roslansky" title="Ryan Roslansky">Ryan Roslansky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Scott_(computer_scientist)" title="Kevin Scott (computer scientist)">Kevin Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashmi_Sinha" title="Rashmi Sinha">Rashmi Sinha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Weiner" title="Jeff Weiner">Jeff Weiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynda_Weinman" title="Lynda Weinman">Lynda Weinman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LinkedIn_Learning" title="LinkedIn Learning">LinkedIn Learning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Helix" title="Apache Helix">Helix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Kafka" title="Apache Kafka">Kafka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Samza" title="Apache Samza">Samza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voldemort_(distributed_data_store)" title="Voldemort (distributed data store)">Voldemort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bright.com" title="Bright.com">Bright.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connectifier" title="Connectifier">Connectifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinkedIn_Pulse" title="LinkedIn Pulse">LinkedIn Pulse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SlideShare" title="SlideShare">SlideShare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/222_Second_Street" title="222 Second Street">222 Second Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_LinkedIn_hack" title="2012 LinkedIn hack">2012 LinkedIn hack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HiQ_Labs_v._LinkedIn" title="HiQ Labs v. LinkedIn">hiQ Labs v. LinkedIn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_LinkedIn" title="Timeline of LinkedIn">Timeline of LinkedIn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LinkedIn_Top_Companies" title="LinkedIn Top Companies">LinkedIn Top Companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Microsoft_Corporation379" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Microsoft" title="Template:Microsoft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Microsoft" title="Template talk:Microsoft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Microsoft_Corporation379" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft Corporation</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Microsoft" title="History of Microsoft">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Microsoft" title="Outline of Microsoft">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Allen" title="Paul Allen">Paul Allen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board of directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Nadella" title="Satya Nadella">Satya Nadella</a> (Chairman and CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reid_Hoffman" title="Reid Hoffman">Reid Hoffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_MacGregor" title="Catherine MacGregor">Catherine MacGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandi_Peterson" title="Sandi Peterson">Sandi Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Pritzker" title="Penny Pritzker">Penny Pritzker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_A._Rodriguez" title="Carlos A. Rodriguez">Carlos A. Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Scharf" title="Charles Scharf">Charles Scharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Stanton" title="John W. Stanton">John W. Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Thompson" title="John W. Thompson">John W. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Walmsley" title="Emma Walmsley">Emma Walmsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmasree_Warrior" title="Padmasree Warrior">Padmasree Warrior</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior leadership team</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Nadella" title="Satya Nadella">Satya Nadella</a> (CEO)</li> <li>Takeshi Numoto (CMO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Guthrie" title="Scott Guthrie">Scott Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_Dybeck_Happe" title="Carolina Dybeck Happe">Carolina Dybeck Happe</a> (COO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Hood" title="Amy Hood">Amy Hood</a> (CFO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Scott_(computer_scientist)" title="Kevin Scott (computer scientist)">Kevin Scott</a> (CTO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Smith_(American_lawyer)" title="Brad Smith (American lawyer)">Brad Smith</a> (CLO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Shum" title="Harry Shum">Harry Shum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Spencer_(business_executive)" title="Phil Spencer (business executive)">Phil Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Hogan" title="Kathleen Hogan">Kathleen Hogan</a> (CPO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Corporate VPs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Belfiore" title="Joe Belfiore">Joe Belfiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rashid" title="Richard Rashid">Richard Rashid</a> (SVP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cernuda" title="César Cernuda">César Cernuda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Employee groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_LGBTQIA%2B_Employee_%26_Allies_at_Microsoft" title="Global LGBTQIA+ Employee & Allies at Microsoft">Global LGBTQIA+ Employee & Allies at Microsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_and_unions" title="Microsoft and unions">Microsoft and unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_hardware" title="Microsoft hardware">Hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azure_Kinect" title="Azure Kinect">Azure Kinect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_HoloLens" title="Microsoft HoloLens">HoloLens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LifeCam" title="LifeCam">LifeCam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Surface" title="Microsoft Surface">Surface</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Duo" title="Surface Duo">Duo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Go" title="Surface Go">Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Hub" title="Surface Hub">Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Laptop" title="Surface Laptop">Laptop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Laptop_Go" title="Surface Laptop Go">Laptop Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Neo" title="Surface Neo">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Pro" title="Surface Pro">Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Studio" title="Surface Studio">Studio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xbox" title="Xbox">Xbox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_software" title="List of Microsoft software">Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipchamp" title="Clipchamp">Clipchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Dynamics_365" title="Microsoft Dynamics 365">Dynamics 365</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havok_(software)" title="Havok (software)">Havok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_365" title="Microsoft 365">Microsoft 365</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Teams" title="Microsoft Teams">Teams</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_and_open_source" title="Microsoft and open source">Open source software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Power_Platform" title="Microsoft Power Platform">Power Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Servers" title="Microsoft Servers">Servers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Start" title="Microsoft Start">Start</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tay_(chatbot)" title="Tay (chatbot)">Tay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio" title="Visual Studio">Visual Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_Code" title="Visual Studio Code">Visual Studio Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xbox_system_software" title="Xbox system software">Xbox OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programming languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_(.NET)" title="Visual Basic (.NET)">VB.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_for_Applications" title="Visual Basic for Applications">VBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_(classic)" title="Visual Basic (classic)">Visual Basic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/AL" title="C/AL">C/AL a.k.a. Navision Attain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="F Sharp (programming language)">F#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Programming_Language" title="Microsoft Visual Programming Language">MVPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Power_Fx" title="Microsoft Power Fx">Power Fx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp">Q#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transact-SQL" title="Transact-SQL">Transact-SQL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_J%2B%2B" title="Visual J++">Visual J++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_J_Sharp" title="Visual J Sharp">Visual J#</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Web properties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Azure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Bing" title="Microsoft Bing">Bing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Copilot" title="Microsoft Copilot">Copilot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Learn" title="Microsoft Learn">Learn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Channel_9_(Microsoft)" title="Channel 9 (Microsoft)">Channel 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Developer_Network" title="Microsoft Developer Network">Developer Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_TechNet" title="Microsoft TechNet">TechNet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LinkedIn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LinkedIn_Learning" title="LinkedIn Learning">LinkedIn Learning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN" title="MSN">MSN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlook.com" title="Outlook.com">Outlook.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Translator" title="Microsoft Translator">Translator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Company</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conferences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Build" title="Microsoft Build">Build</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Ignite" title="Microsoft Ignite">Ignite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Inspire" title="Microsoft Inspire">Inspire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIX_(Microsoft)" title="MIX (Microsoft)">MIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Developers_Conference" title="Professional Developers Conference">PDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Hardware_Engineering_Conference" title="Windows Hardware Engineering Conference">WinHEC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Foundation" title=".NET Foundation">.NET Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Digital_Crimes_Unit" title="Microsoft Digital Crimes Unit">Digital Crimes Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_engineering_groups" title="Microsoft engineering groups">Engineering groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Mobile" title="Microsoft Mobile">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skype_Technologies" title="Skype Technologies">Skype unit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Gaming" title="Microsoft Gaming">Gaming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activision_Blizzard" title="Activision Blizzard">Activision Blizzard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xbox_Game_Studios" title="Xbox Game Studios">Xbox Game Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZeniMax_Media" title="ZeniMax Media">ZeniMax Media</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Garage" title="Microsoft Garage">Garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outercurve_Foundation" title="Outercurve Foundation">Outercurve Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Press" title="Microsoft Press">Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Research" title="Microsoft Research">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store_(retail)" title="Microsoft Store (retail)">Retail stores</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Estates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_campus" title="Microsoft campus">Microsoft campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_India" title="Microsoft India">Microsoft India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Japan" title="Microsoft Japan">Microsoft Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Campaigns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Where_do_you_want_to_go_today%3F" title="Where do you want to go today?">Where do you want to go today?</a>" (1994)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Champagne_(advertisement)" title="Champagne (advertisement)">Champagne</a>" (2002)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mojave_Experiment" title="Mojave Experiment">Mojave Experiment</a>" (2006)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_a_PC" title="I'm a PC">I'm a PC</a>" (2008)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Scroogled" title="Scroogled">Scroogled</a>" (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Microsoft" title="Criticism of Microsoft">Criticism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bundling_of_Microsoft_Windows" title="Bundling of Microsoft Windows">Bundling of Microsoft Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_Assistant" title="Office Assistant">Clippy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ILoo#Reaction" title="ILoo">iLoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer#Security_vulnerabilities" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Bob" title="Microsoft Bob">Microsoft Bob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSAKEY" title="NSAKEY">_NSAKEY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Microsoft_Windows" title="Criticism of Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_XP" title="Criticism of Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_Vista" title="Criticism of Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_10" title="Criticism of Windows 10">10</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_litigation" title="Microsoft litigation">Litigation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Computer,_Inc._v._Microsoft_Corp." title="Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corp.">Apple v. Microsoft</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Microsoft_Corp." title="United States v. Microsoft Corp.">United States v. Microsoft</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corp._v._Lindows.com,_Inc." title="Microsoft Corp. v. Lindows.com, Inc.">Microsoft v. Lindows</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_v._MikeRoweSoft" title="Microsoft v. MikeRoweSoft">Microsoft v. MikeRoweSoft</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corp._v._Commission" title="Microsoft Corp. v. Commission">Microsoft v. Commission</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcatel-Lucent_v._Microsoft_Corp." title="Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft Corp.">Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corp._v._Shah" title="Microsoft Corp. v. Shah">Microsoft v. Shah</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Corp._v._United_States" title="Microsoft Corp. v. United States">Microsoft v. United States</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FTC_v._Microsoft" title="FTC v. Microsoft">FTC v. Microsoft</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Microsoft" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Microsoft">Acquisitions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wunderlist" title="Wunderlist">6Wunderkinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Access_Software" title="Access Software">Access Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acompli" title="Acompli">Acompli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Activision_Blizzard" title="Activision Blizzard">Activision Blizzard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acquisition_of_Activision_Blizzard_by_Microsoft" title="Acquisition of Activision Blizzard by Microsoft">acquisition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altamira_Software" title="Altamira Software">Altamira Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AltspaceVR" title="AltspaceVR">AltspaceVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AQuantive" title="AQuantive">aQuantive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Amalga" title="Microsoft Amalga">Azyxxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixer_(service)" title="Mixer (service)">Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Ribbon_SoundWorks" title="The Blue Ribbon SoundWorks">The Blue Ribbon SoundWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungie" title="Bungie">Bungie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clipchamp" title="Clipchamp">Clipchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colloquis" title="Colloquis">Colloquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsion_Games" title="Compulsion Games">Compulsion Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connectix" title="Connectix">Connectix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consumers_Software" title="Consumers Software">Consumers Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danger,_Inc." title="Danger, Inc.">Danger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Fine" title="Double Fine">Double Fine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN_Travel" title="MSN Travel">Farecast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FASA_Studio" title="FASA Studio">FASA Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Development_Center_Norway" title="Microsoft Development Center Norway">Fast Search & Transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_(website)" title="Firefly (website)">Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forethought,_Inc." title="Forethought, Inc.">Forethought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Defender_Antivirus" title="Microsoft Defender Antivirus">GIANT Company Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Plains_Software" title="Great Plains Software">Great Plains Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GreenButton" title="GreenButton">GreenButton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_Networks" title="Groove Networks">Groove Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havok_(company)" title="Havok (company)">Havok Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Heat_Major_League_Baseball" title="High Heat Major League Baseball">High Heat Major League Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlook.com" title="Outlook.com">Hotmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InXile_Entertainment" title="InXile Entertainment">inXile Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jellyfish.com" title="Jellyfish.com">Jellyfish.com</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LinkedIn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinkExchange" title="LinkExchange">LinkExchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionhead_Studios" title="Lionhead Studios">Lionhead Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maluuba" title="Maluuba">Maluuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massive_Incorporated" title="Massive Incorporated">Massive Incorporated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaswitch" title="Metaswitch">Metaswitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MileIQ" title="MileIQ">Mobile Data Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojang_Studios" title="Mojang Studios">Mojang Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninja_Theory" title="Ninja Theory">Ninja Theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Mobile" title="Microsoft Mobile">Nokia Devices and Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Npm" title="Npm">npm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuance_Communications" title="Nuance Communications">Nuance Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obsidian_Entertainment" title="Obsidian Entertainment">Obsidian Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Live_Toolbar#Onfolio" title="Windows Live Toolbar">Onfolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pando_Networks" title="Pando Networks">Pando Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perceptive_Pixel" title="Perceptive Pixel">Perceptive Pixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlaceWare" title="PlaceWare">PlaceWare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playground_Games" title="Playground Games">Playground Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powerset_(company)" title="Powerset (company)">Powerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_Play_(company)" title="Press Play (company)">Press Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProClarity" title="ProClarity">ProClarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rare_(company)" title="Rare (company)">Rare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_Analytics" title="Revolution Analytics">Revolution Analytics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RiskIQ" title="RiskIQ">RiskIQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplygon" title="Simplygon">Simplygon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skype_Technologies" title="Skype Technologies">Skype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_Calendar" title="Sunrise Calendar">Sunrise Atelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SwiftKey" title="Microsoft SwiftKey">SwiftKey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TakeLessons" title="TakeLessons">TakeLessons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleo" title="Teleo">Teleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellme_Networks" title="Tellme Networks">Tellme Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twisted_Pixel_Games" title="Twisted Pixel Games">Twisted Pixel Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undead_Labs" title="Undead Labs">Undead Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermeer_Technologies" title="Vermeer Technologies">Vermeer Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visio_Corporation" title="Visio Corporation">Visio Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flux_(graphics_software)" title="Flux (graphics software)">Vivaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoloMetrix" title="VoloMetrix">VoloMetrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetShow" title="NetShow">VXtreme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSN_TV" title="MSN TV">WebTV Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sysinternals" title="Sysinternals">Winternals Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xamarin" title="Xamarin">Xamarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xandr" title="Xandr">Xandr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AppNexus" title="AppNexus">AppNexus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viva_Engage" title="Viva Engage">Yammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yupi" title="Yupi">Yupi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZeniMax_Media" title="ZeniMax Media">ZeniMax Media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Microsoft" title="Category:Microsoft">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/23snaps" title="23snaps">23snaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amikumu" title="Amikumu">Amikumu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anobii" title="Anobii">anobii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Are.na" title="Are.na">Are.na</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badoo" title="Badoo">Badoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeReal" title="BeReal">BeReal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluesky" title="Bluesky">Bluesky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BharatMatrimony" title="BharatMatrimony">BharatMatrimony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bondee" title="Bondee">Bondee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumble" title="Bumble">Bumble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cara_(app)" title="Cara (app)">Cara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapper_(service)" title="Clapper (service)">Clapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clubhouse_(app)" title="Clubhouse (app)">Clubhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convoz" title="Convoz">Convoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyworld" title="Cyworld">Cyworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaspora_(social_network)" title="Diaspora (social network)">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_(social_network)" title="Display (social network)">display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douban" title="Douban">Douban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draugiem.lv" title="Draugiem.lv">Draugiem.lv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foursquare_City_Guide" title="Foursquare City Guide">Foursquare City Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foursquare_Swarm" title="Foursquare Swarm">Foursquare Swarm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendica" title="Friendica">Friendica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gapo" title="Gapo">Gapo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_(app)" title="Gas (app)">Gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettr" title="Gettr">Gettr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_social" title="GNU social">GNU social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi5" title="Hi5">Hi5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hive_Social" title="Hive Social">Hive Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huddles_(app)" title="Huddles (app)">Huddles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idka" title="Idka">Idka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRC-Galleria" title="IRC-Galleria">IRC-Galleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaishou" title="Kuaishou">Kuaishou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumu_(social_network)" title="Kumu (social network)">Kumu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letterboxd" title="Letterboxd">Letterboxd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Likee" title="Likee">Likee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiveJournal" title="LiveJournal">LiveJournal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeevansathi.com" title="Jeevansathi.com">Jeevansathi.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrimony.com" title="Matrimony.com">Matrimony.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Polo_(app)" title="Marco Polo (app)">Marco Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastodon_(social_network)" title="Mastodon (social network)">Mastodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Meet_Group" title="The Meet Group">The Meet Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meetup" title="Meetup">Meetup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeWe" title="MeWe">MeWe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miaopai" title="Miaopai">Miaopai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro.blog" title="Micro.blog">micro.blog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minds_(social_network)" title="Minds (social network)">Minds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixi" title="Mixi">Mixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX_Player#MX_TakaTak" title="MX Player">MX TakaTak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_World@Mail.Ru" title="My World@Mail.Ru">My World@Mail.Ru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myspace" title="Myspace">Myspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nextdoor" title="Nextdoor">Nextdoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odnoklassniki" title="Odnoklassniki">Odnoklassniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parler" title="Parler">Parler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peach_(social_network)" title="Peach (social network)">Peach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinterest" title="Pinterest">Pinterest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixnet" title="Pixnet">Pixnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleroma_(software)" title="Pleroma (software)">Pleroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plurk" title="Plurk">Plurk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promo.com" title="Promo.com">Promo.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qzone" title="Qzone">Qzone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Readgeek" title="Readgeek">Readgeek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaohongshu" title="Xiaohongshu">RedNote/Xiaohongshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renren" title="Renren">Renren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaadi.com" title="Shaadi.com">Shaadi.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ShareChat" title="ShareChat">ShareChat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuffles_by_Pinterest" title="Shuffles by Pinterest">Shuffles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snapchat" title="Snapchat">Snapchat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_(app)" title="Snow (app)">Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaces_(social_network)" title="Spaces (social network)">Spaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tagged_(website)" title="Tagged (website)">Tagged</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_Canal" title="Tal Canal">Tal Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellonym" title="Tellonym">Tellonym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threads_(social_network)" title="Threads (social network)">Threads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinder_(app)" title="Tinder (app)">Tinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triller_(app)" title="Triller (app)">Triller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truth_Social" title="Truth Social">Truth Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuenti" title="Tuenti">Tuenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumblr" title="Tumblr">Tumblr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Time" title="TV Time">TV Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>/<a href="/wiki/X_(social_media_platform)" class="mw-redirect" title="X (social media platform)">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Untappd" title="Untappd">Untappd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vero_(app)" title="Vero (app)">Vero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VK_(service)" title="VK (service)">VK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weibo" title="Weibo">Weibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whisper_(app)" title="Whisper (app)">Whisper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yik_Yak" title="Yik Yak">Yik Yak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Professional_network_service" title="Professional network service">Professional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academia.edu" title="Academia.edu">Academia.edu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behance" title="Behance">Behance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brainly" title="Brainly">Brainly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HCL_Connections" title="HCL Connections">HCL Connections</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LinkedIn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moodle" title="Moodle">Moodle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ResearchGate" title="ResearchGate">ResearchGate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaborate" title="Solaborate">Solaborate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viadeo" title="Viadeo">Viadeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XING" title="XING">XING</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Yammer">Yammer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_social_networking_services" title="List of defunct social networking services">Defunct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/App.net" title="App.net">App.net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AsianAve" title="AsianAve">AsianAve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ask.fm" title="Ask.fm">Ask.fm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avatars_United" title="Avatars United">Avatars United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebo" title="Bebo">Bebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_(website)" title="Bolt (website)">Bolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BranchOut" title="BranchOut">BranchOut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capazoo" title="Capazoo">Capazoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloob" title="Cloob">Cloob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohost" title="Cohost">Cohost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EConozco" title="EConozco">eConozco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmodo" title="Edmodo">Edmodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ello_(social_network)" title="Ello (social network)">Ello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emojli" title="Emojli">Emojli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EWorld" title="EWorld">eWorld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyegroove" title="Eyegroove">Eyegroove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FitFinder" title="FitFinder">FitFinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FriendFeed" title="FriendFeed">FriendFeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_Reunited" title="Friends Reunited">Friends Reunited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendster" title="Friendster">Friendster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google%2B" title="Google+">Google+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Buzz" title="Google Buzz">Google Buzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Currents_(social_app)" title="Google Currents (social app)">Google Currents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grono.net" title="Grono.net">Grono.net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heello" title="Heello">Heello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hello_(social_network)" title="Hello (social network)">Hello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highlight_(application)" title="Highlight (application)">Highlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houseparty_(app)" title="Houseparty (app)">Houseparty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyves" title="Hyves">Hyves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IdeaPlane" title="IdeaPlane">IdeaPlane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IGTV" title="IGTV">IGTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITunes_Ping" title="ITunes Ping">iTunes Ping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWiW" title="IWiW">iWiW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaiku" title="Jaiku">Jaiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keek" title="Keek">Keek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koo_(social_network)" title="Koo (social network)">Koo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifeknot" title="Lifeknot">Lifeknot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LunarStorm" title="LunarStorm">LunarStorm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Me2day" title="Me2day">Me2day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meerkat_(app)" title="Meerkat (app)">Meerkat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miiverse" title="Miiverse">Miiverse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MixBit" title="MixBit">MixBit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobli" title="Mobli">Mobli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugshot_(website)" title="Mugshot (website)">Mugshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiply_(website)" title="Multiply (website)">Multiply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical.ly" title="Musical.ly">Musical.ly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natter_(social_network)" title="Natter (social network)">Natter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netlog" title="Netlog">Netlog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NK.pl" title="NK.pl">NK.pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkut" title="Orkut">Orkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Path_(social_network)" title="Path (social network)">Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periscope_(service)" title="Periscope (service)">Periscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pheed" title="Pheed">Pheed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piczo" title="Piczo">Piczo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlanetAll" title="PlanetAll">PlanetAll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterous" title="Posterous">Posterous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pownce" title="Pownce">Pownce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaiku" title="Qaiku">Qaiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciencescape" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciencescape">Sciencescape</a> (Metaα)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SixDegrees.com" title="SixDegrees.com">SixDegrees.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyrock_(social_network_site)" title="Skyrock (social network site)">Skyrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/So.cl" title="So.cl">So.cl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotify_Live" title="Spotify Live">Spotify Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring.me" title="Spring.me">Spring.me</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streetlife_(website)" title="Streetlife (website)">Streetlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StudiVZ" title="StudiVZ">StudiVZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfbook" title="Surfbook">Surfbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talkbits" title="Talkbits">Talkbits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taringa!" title="Taringa!">Taringa!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tbh" title="Tbh">tbh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Community" title="Tea Party Community">Tea Party Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Voice" title="Third Voice">Third Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tout_(company)" title="Tout (company)">Tout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribe.net" title="Tribe.net">tribe.net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tvtag" title="Tvtag">tvtag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vine_(service)" title="Vine (service)">Vine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Live_Spaces" title="Windows Live Spaces">Windows Live Spaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wretch_(website)" title="Wretch (website)">Wretch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanga" title="Xanga">Xanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo_360%C2%B0" title="Yahoo 360°">Yahoo! 360°</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo_Kickstart" title="Yahoo Kickstart">Yahoo! Kickstart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo_Mash" title="Yahoo Mash">Yahoo! Mash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo_Meme" title="Yahoo Meme">Yahoo! Meme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yo_(app)" title="Yo (app)">Yo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_social_networking_software" title="Comparison of social networking software">Software comparison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-label_product" title="White-label product">White-label</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ning_(website)" title="Ning (website)">Ning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall.fm" title="Wall.fm">Wall.fm</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_network_analysis_software" title="Social network analysis software">Analysis software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaspora_(social_network)" title="Diaspora (social network)">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_2.0_Suicide_Machine" title="Web 2.0 Suicide Machine">Web 2.0 Suicide Machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attention_inequality" title="Attention inequality">Attention inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessions_page" title="Confessions page">Confessions page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybersectarianism" title="Cybersectarianism">Cybersectarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fediverse" title="Fediverse">Fediverse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_identity" title="Online identity">Online identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-world_experiment" title="Small-world experiment">Small-world experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small-world_network" title="Small-world network">Small-world network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_network" title="Social network">Social network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirst_trap" title="Thirst trap">Thirst trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User_profile" title="User profile">User profile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_community" title="Virtual community">Virtual community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_virtual_communities_with_more_than_1_million_users" title="List of virtual communities with more than 1 million users">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hospitality_exchange_service" title="Hospitality exchange service">Hospitality exchange service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_social_network" title="Mobile social network">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_dating" title="Online dating">Online dating</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_online_dating_services" title="Comparison of online dating services">comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_network_advertising" title="Social network advertising">Social network advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_network_hosting_service" title="Social network hosting service">Social network hosting service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_profiling" title="Social profiling">Social profiling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">User interface</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activity_stream" title="Activity stream">Activity stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brand_page" title="Brand page">Brand page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_(online_social_networking)" title="Group (online social networking)">Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashtag" title="Hashtag">Hashtag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Like_button" title="Like button">Like button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_petition" title="Online petition">Online petitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-access_poll" title="Open-access poll">Polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reblogging" title="Reblogging">Reblogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_(social_media)" title="Story (social media)">Story</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Issues_relating_to_social_networking_services" title="Issues relating to social networking services">Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_social_networking_services" title="Privacy concerns with social networking services">Privacy concerns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problematic_social_media_use" title="Problematic social media use">Problematic social media use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_social_network_websites_in_investigations" title="Use of social network websites in investigations">Use in investigations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media_use_in_politics" title="Social media use in politics">Use in politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_differences_in_social_network_service_use" title="Gender differences in social network service use">User gender differences</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protocols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ActivityPub" title="ActivityPub">ActivityPub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT_Protocol" title="AT Protocol">AT Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decentralized_Social_Networking_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Decentralized Social Networking Protocol">Decentralized Social Networking Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Social_Networking_Protocol" title="Distributed Social Networking Protocol">Distributed Social Networking Protocol</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micropub_(protocol)" title="Micropub (protocol)">Micropub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostr" title="Nostr">Nostr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSocial" title="OpenSocial">OpenSocial</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OStatus" title="OStatus">OStatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump.io" title="Pump.io">Pump.io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMPP" title="XMPP">XMPP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Microblogging110" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Microblogging" title="Template:Microblogging"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Microblogging" title="Template talk:Microblogging"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Microblogging" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Microblogging"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Microblogging110" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Microblogging" title="Microblogging">Microblogging</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Centralized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanfou" title="Fanfou">Fanfou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettr" title="Gettr">Gettr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hive_Social" title="Hive Social">Hive Social</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LinkedIn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myspace" title="Myspace">Myspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillowfort" title="Pillowfort">Pillowfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plurk" title="Plurk">Plurk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qzone" title="Qzone">Qzone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaborate" title="Solaborate">Solaborate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truth_Social" title="Truth Social">Truth Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumblr" title="Tumblr">Tumblr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viadeo" title="Viadeo">Viadeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VK_(service)" title="VK (service)">VK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weibo" title="Weibo">Weibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XING" title="XING">XING</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Decentralized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="ActivityPub-compatible26" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ActivityPub" title="ActivityPub">ActivityPub</a>-compatible</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friendica" title="Friendica">Friendica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_social" title="GNU social">GNU social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastodon_(social_network)" title="Mastodon (social network)">Mastodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro.blog" title="Micro.blog">micro.blog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misskey" title="Misskey">Misskey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleroma_(software)" title="Pleroma (software)">Pleroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threads_(social_network)" title="Threads (social network)">Threads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bluesky" title="Bluesky">Bluesky</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AT_Protocol" title="AT Protocol">AT Protocol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaspora_(social_network)" title="Diaspora (social network)">diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identi.ca" title="Identi.ca">identi.ca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pump.io" title="Pump.io">pump.io</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostr" title="Nostr">Nostr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenMicroBlogging" title="OpenMicroBlogging">OpenMicroBlogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OStatus" title="OStatus">OStatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twister_(software)" title="Twister (software)">Twister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/App.net" title="App.net">App.net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmodo" title="Edmodo">Edmodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Buzz" title="Google Buzz">Google Buzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google%2B" title="Google+">Google+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heello" title="Heello">Heello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaiku" title="Jaiku">Jaiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Me2day" title="Me2day">Me2day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoo_Meme" title="Yahoo Meme">Meme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migme" title="Migme">Migme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natter_(social_network)" title="Natter (social network)">Natter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parler" title="Parler">Parler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterous" title="Posterous">Posterous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pownce" title="Pownce">Pownce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaiku" title="Qaiku">Qaiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent_Weibo" title="Tencent Weibo">Tencent Weibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tout_(company)" title="Tout (company)">Tout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activity_stream" title="Activity stream">Activity stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backchannel" title="Backchannel">Backchannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashtag" title="Hashtag">Hashtag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifestreaming" title="Lifestreaming">Lifestreaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mention_(blogging)" title="Mention (blogging)">Mention/Replies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reblogging" title="Reblogging">Reblogging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_microblogging_and_similar_services" title="Comparison of microblogging and similar services">Comparison of microblogging and similar services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/20px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/40px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Internet" title="Portal:Internet">Internet</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/21px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg/32px-SF_From_Marin_Highlands3.jpg 1.5x, 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