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title="Dissoi logoi – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Dissoi logoi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissoi_logoi" title="Dissoi logoi – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dissoi logoi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%82%BD%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B4%E3%82%A4" title="ディッソイ・ロゴイ – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ディッソイ・ロゴイ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><p><b>Dissoi logoi</b> (<a href="/wiki/Grekiska" title="Grekiska">grekiska</a>: δισσοὶ λόγοι, <a href="/wiki/Svenska" title="Svenska">svenska</a>: ”motsatta uppfattningar”) är en <a href="/wiki/Antikens_Grekland" title="Antikens Grekland">antik</a> retorisk avhandling med okänd författare. Texten behandlar de grundprinciper särskilda för <a href="/wiki/Retorik" title="Retorik">retoriken</a> som vetenskap och konst, och även vad som innebär att vara människa. Kärnan är att för varje uppfattning och argument finns det ett motsatt sådant. Den behandlar hur vi skiljer på vad som är gott och ont, rätt eller fel. Boken ämnar vägleda individen i frågor som dessa, för att hjälpa att stärka dess argument eller att finna en kompromiss i sakfrågan. </p><p>I det <a href="/wiki/Antikens_Grekland" title="Antikens Grekland">antika Grekland</a>, under retorikens begynnelse, uppmanades studenter att skriva och tala för båda sidor i ett argument. <i>Dissoi logoi</i> betraktades som ett manuskript som porträtterade och exemplifierade detta. Boken har utgivits otaliga gånger; den första publicerad av <i>Stephanus</i> år 1570. <i>Dissoi logoi</i> kom ut med svensk översättning år 2013, av Dimitrios Iordanoglou, med introduktion av <a href="/wiki/Janne_Lindqvist" title="Janne Lindqvist">Janne Lindqvist</a> och publicerad av Retorikförlaget.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ursprung">Ursprung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Ursprung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Ursprung"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bokens författare är okänd och den är beräknad att ha tillkommit under 300-talet f.Kr. Det går att göra kvalificerade gissningar baserat på textstycken med ledtrådar som indikerar bokens härkomst, men detta kan ses som tvetydigt. Texterna är till stor del skrivna på den <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doriska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doriska [inte skriven än]">doriska</a> dialekten av <a href="/wiki/Grekiska" title="Grekiska">grekiska</a>, men innehåller även små inslag på <a href="/w/index.php?title=Attiska_(dialekt)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Attiska (dialekt) [inte skriven än]">attiska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Jonisk_grekiska" title="Jonisk grekiska">joniska</a> dialekter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tolkning">Tolkning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tolkning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tolkning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Dissoi logoi</i> är uppbyggd med resonemang ur motsatta perspektiv, där varje aspekt och möjlig synvinkel tas upp i förhoppningen att finna <a href="/wiki/Sanning" title="Sanning">Sanningen</a>. Den ger insikt i de antika <a href="/wiki/Sofister" title="Sofister">sofisternas</a> syn på retoriken. Argument kan aldrig vara fullt utvecklade om inte de möjliga motsättningarna presenteras.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Boken ämnar förse läsaren med egen <a href="/wiki/Agent_(semantik)" title="Agent (semantik)">agens</a>. Läsarens tolkningsförmåga sätts på stora prov, då många olika tolkningar av boken är möjliga. I den svenska översättningen presenterar litteraturvetaren och lektorn vid <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_universitet" title="Uppsala universitet">Uppsala universitet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janne_Lindqvist" title="Janne Lindqvist">Janne Lindqvist</a>, fyra separata tolkningsmöjligheter av boken. Han presenterar </p> <ul><li>Den <i>relativistiska</i> – att man bör med rätta se ting från olika håll för att komma fram till sanningen</li> <li>Den <i>ironiska</i> – att ett perspektiv i boken är ironiskt, det andra är sant, men att man själv måste komma fram till vilket</li> <li>Den <i>dialektiska</i> – att boken skall vara en <a href="/wiki/Syntes_(filosofi)" title="Syntes (filosofi)">syntes</a> av motsättningar och att man som läsare ställs inför kravet att döma ut sanningen</li> <li>Den <i>retoriska</i> – att boken skall vara en handbok i retorik, ett slags <a href="/wiki/Topik" class="mw-redirect" title="Topik">topiksamling</a> för den vilsne retorikern</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Övrigt"><span id=".C3.96vrigt"></span>Övrigt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Övrigt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Övrigt"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det finns många liknande litterära verk från samma århundrade (500–400 f.Kr.). Det sägs dock att <i>Dissoi logoi</i> särskilt kan ha utgjort inspiration till <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> när han skrev <i><a href="/wiki/Protagoras_(dialog)" title="Protagoras (dialog)">Protagoras</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dissoi_logoi&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"> <i><span>Dissoi logoi = Motsatta uppfattningar</span></i> (1. utg.). Ödåkra: Retorikförlaget. 2013. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/14673976">14673976</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-91-86093-22-8" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-91-86093-22-8">ISBN 978-91-86093-22-8</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dissoi+logoi+%3D+Motsatta+uppfattningar&rft.date=2013&rft.edition=1.+utg.&rft.place=%C3%96d%C3%A5kra&rft.pub=Retorikf%C3%B6rlaget&rft.isbn=978-91-86093-22-8&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Dissoi_logoi"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45282993">Encyclopedia of rhetoric</a></i>. Oxford University Press. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0195125959" title="Special:Bokkällor/0195125959">ISBN 0195125959</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/45282993">45282993</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45282993">https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45282993</a></span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+rhetoric&rft.date=2001&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info:oclcnum/45282993&rft.isbn=0195125959&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F45282993&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Dissoi_logoi"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Gera, D.L. Two Thought Experiments in the <i>Dissoi Logoi</i>. <i>The American Journal of Philology</i> 121(1): 24</span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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title="Lukianos">Lukianos</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lysias" title="Lysias">Lysias</a> · <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Protagoras" title="Protagoras">Protagoras</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Fabius_Quintilianus" title="Marcus Fabius Quintilianus">Quintilianus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tacitus" title="Tacitus">Tacitus</a> ·</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Medel- och tidigmodern tid</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Hobbes</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erasmus_av_Rotterdam" title="Erasmus av Rotterdam">Erasmus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Christine_de_Pizan" title="Christine de Pizan">Pizan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_la_Ram%C3%A9e" title="Pierre de la Ramée">Ramus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Smith</a> · <a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Vico" title="Giambattista Vico">Vico</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Modern tid</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Michail_Bachtin" title="Michail Bachtin">Bachtin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Booth" title="Wayne Booth">Booth</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Burke" title="Kenneth Burke">Burke</a> · <a href="/wiki/Judith_Butler" title="Judith Butler">Butler</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Man" title="Paul de Man">de Man</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Derrida" title="Jacques Derrida">Derrida</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marshall_McLuhan" title="Marshall McLuhan">McLuhan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Walter_J._Ong" title="Walter J. Ong">Ong</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cha%C3%AFm_Perelman" title="Chaïm Perelman">Perelman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ivor_Armstrong_Richards" title="Ivor Armstrong Richards">Richards</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Toulmin" title="Stephen Toulmin">Toulmin</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Verk</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;font-style:italic;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dissoi logoi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Faidros_(dialog)" title="Faidros (dialog)">Faidros</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ad_Herennium" title="Ad Herennium">Ad Herennium</a> · <a href="/wiki/Institutio_Oratoria" title="Institutio Oratoria">Institutio Oratoria</a> · <a href="/wiki/De_inventione" title="De inventione">De inventione</a> · <a href="/wiki/Orator_(Cicero)" title="Orator (Cicero)">Orator</a> · <a href="/wiki/De_Oratore" title="De Oratore">De Oratore</a> · <a href="/wiki/Panegyrici_Latini" title="Panegyrici Latini">Panegyrici Latini</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_sublima_stilen" title="Den sublima stilen">Perì Hýpsous</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Analys</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Dramatismen" title="Dramatismen">Dramatismen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pentadanalys" title="Pentadanalys">Pentadanalys</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Fantasy-Themeanalys" title="Fantasy-Themeanalys">Fantasy-Themeanalys</a> · <a href="/wiki/Genreanalys" title="Genreanalys">Genreanalys</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ideologikritik" title="Ideologikritik">Ideologikritik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Klusteranalys" title="Klusteranalys">Klusteranalys</a> · <a href="/wiki/Metaforanalys" title="Metaforanalys">Metaforanalys</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neo-aristotelisk_analys" title="Neo-aristotelisk analys">Neo-aristotelisk analys</a> · <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4rl%C3%A4sning" title="Närläsning">Närläsning</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Toulmin#Toulminmodellen" title="Stephen Toulmin">Toulminmodellen</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Historia</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ars_dictaminis" title="Ars dictaminis">Ars dictaminis</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_poetriae" title="Ars poetriae">Ars poetriae</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_praedicandi" title="Ars praedicandi">Ars praedicandi</a></i> · <a href="/wiki/Atticism" title="Atticism">Atticism</a> · <i><a href="/wiki/Studia_humanitatis" title="Studia humanitatis">Studia humanitatis</a></i> · <a href="/wiki/Rostra" title="Rostra">Rostra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sofister" title="Sofister">Sofister</a> · <a href="/wiki/Trivium_(utbildning)" title="Trivium (utbildning)">Trivium</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Se även</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Etik_(retorik)" title="Etik (retorik)">Etik (retorik)</a> · <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4rskarteknik" title="Härskarteknik">Härskarteknik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pedagogisk_retorik" title="Pedagogisk retorik">Pedagogisk retorik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Psychagogia" title="Psychagogia">Psychagogia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Retorikf%C3%B6rlaget" title="Retorikförlaget">Retorikförlaget</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stilistik" title="Stilistik">Stilistik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stora_retorikpriset" title="Stora retorikpriset">Stora retorikpriset</a> · <a href="/wiki/Talskrivare" title="Talskrivare">Talskrivare</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tal%C3%A4ngslan" title="Talängslan">Talängslan</a> · <a href="/wiki/TED_(konferens)" title="TED (konferens)">TED</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vetenskapsretorik" title="Vetenskapsretorik">Vetenskapsretorik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Visuell_retorik" title="Visuell retorik">Visuell retorik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Latent_retorik" title="Latent retorik">Latent</a> · <a href="/wiki/Manifest_retorik" title="Manifest retorik">Manifest</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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