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Gwladys Sutherst Townshend - Wikipedia
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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British writer</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Most_Honourable" title="The Most Honourable">The Most Honourable</a></div><div class="fn">The Marchioness Townshend</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GwladysSutherstTownshend1908.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/GwladysSutherstTownshend1908.tif/lossless-page1-220px-GwladysSutherstTownshend1908.tif.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/GwladysSutherstTownshend1908.tif/lossless-page1-330px-GwladysSutherstTownshend1908.tif.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/GwladysSutherstTownshend1908.tif/lossless-page1-440px-GwladysSutherstTownshend1908.tif.png 2x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="502" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Gwladys, Marchioness of Townshend, from a 1908 publication.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Gwladys Ethel Gwendolen Eugénie Sutherst</div><br />1884</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1959 (aged 74–75)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Writer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/John_Townshend,_6th_Marquess_Townshend" title="John Townshend, 6th Marquess Townshend">John Townshend, 6th Marquess Townshend</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px">​</div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;">​</div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1905; died 1921)<wbr />​</div> <ul><li>Bernard le Strange</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data">Thomas Sutherst</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Townshend,_8th_Marquess_Townshend" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Townshend, 8th Marquess Townshend">Charles Townshend, 8th Marquess Townshend</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenzo_Townshend" title="Cenzo Townshend">Cenzo Townshend</a> (great-grandson)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gwladys Ethel Gwendolen Eugénie Sutherst</b> (1884 – 1959), after 1905 <b>Gwladys, Marchioness Townshend</b>, was a British writer. In addition to writing novels, poems, and plays, she was probably "the first <a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Peerage of the United Kingdom">peeress</a> to write for the cinema."<sup id="cite_ref-Pioneers_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pioneers-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also served a term as Mayor of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Lynn" title="King's Lynn">King's Lynn</a>. The details of her marriage and finances were often aired in the courtroom and in newspapers.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gwladys_Sutherst_Townshend&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gwladys Sutherst was the daughter of Thomas Sutherst, a <a href="/wiki/Barrister" title="Barrister">barrister</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gwladys_Sutherst_Townshend&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gwladys Sutherst Townshend was credited as the scenarist on eight silent films, all of them now lost, made by the Clarendon studio, all of them made in 1913, 1914, or 1915, all starring <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Bellew" title="Dorothy Bellew">Dorothy Bellew</a> and directed by <a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Noy" title="Wilfred Noy">Wilfred Noy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Titles included <i>The Convent Gate</i>, <i>The House of Mystery</i>, and <i>A Strong Man's Love</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She claimed to be "the first peeress to write for the cinema."<sup id="cite_ref-Pioneers_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pioneers-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her play <i>Sir John and the Compriere</i> was produced in 1914, in London.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She co-edited a fiction collection, <i>True Ghost Stories</i> (1936).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her autobiography, <i>It Was, and It Wasn't</i>, was published in 1937. Other books by Townshend included a book of poems, <i>In the King's Garden</i> (1906), and a novel, <i>The Widening Circle</i> (1920).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1928 she was elected to a term as Mayor of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Lynn" title="King's Lynn">King's Lynn</a>, though she opposed the idea of women as lawmakers. "As Mayor I give two banquets a year, a reception to the townspeople, open bazars, lay cornerstones, and represent the town at all affairs," she explained to an American reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayor_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayor-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that role, she travelled to the United States in 1929, to help the city of <a href="/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts" title="Lynn, Massachusetts">Lynn, Massachusetts</a>, celebrate its tercentenary.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gwladys_Sutherst_Townshend&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gwladys Sutherst married twice. In 1905 she married <a href="/wiki/John_Townshend,_6th_Marquess_Townshend" title="John Townshend, 6th Marquess Townshend">John Townshend, 6th Marquess Townshend</a>; their financial arrangements became the subject of scandal and lawsuits,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when it was revealed that her father did not make an expected settlement on the couple.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were also concerns that her husband's mental status was unsound,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and accusations that Gwladys was keeping him hidden even from his mother.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Townshends had two children, <a href="/wiki/George_Townshend,_7th_Marquess_Townshend" title="George Townshend, 7th Marquess Townshend">George</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Elizabeth; given earlier scandals, the paternity of the Townshend children was also a matter of press speculation.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gwladys was widowed when John died in 1921. She remarried, to Bernard le Strange. She died in 1959, aged 75 years, in London.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current Marquess Townshend, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Townshend,_8th_Marquess_Townshend" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Townshend, 8th Marquess Townshend">Charles Townshend</a>, is her grandson. Music producer and sound engineer <a href="/wiki/Cenzo_Townshend" title="Cenzo Townshend">Cenzo Townshend</a> is her great-grandson. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gwladys_Sutherst_Townshend&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Pioneers-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pioneers_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pioneers_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mirte Terpstra, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wfpp.cdrs.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-gwladys-marchioness-of-townshend/">"Gwladys, Marchioness of Townshend"</a> <i>Women Film Pioneers Project</i> (September 27, 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/96647125/74A2118BBDC24406PQ/1">"Remarkable Case of the Marquis of Townshend"</a> <i>New York Times</i> (March 18, 1906): SM7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marquis de Fontenoy, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/144686569/74A2118BBDC24406PQ/2">"Queer Stories of a Queer Peer"</a> <i>The Washington Post</i> (March 3, 1906): 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/144869919/74A2118BBDC24406PQ/8">"Disbarment for Sutherst"</a> <i>The Washington Post</i> (May 17, 1908): E10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Urbanora, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thebioscope.net/2007/06/23/more-from-the-marchioness/">"More from the Marchioness"</a> <i>The Bioscope</i> (June 23, 2007).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8A5KAQAAMAAJ&dq=Marchioness+Townshend&pg=PA429">"Interview with the Marchioness"</a> <i>The Bioscope</i> (July 30, 1914): 429-431.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8A5KAQAAMAAJ&dq=Marchioness+Townshend&pg=PA317">"Trade Topics"</a> <i>The Bioscope</i> (July 23, 1914): 317.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gwladys Townshend and Maude Ffoulkes, eds., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cgeVKil6E60C"><i>True Ghost Stories</i></a> (Senate 1936).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupname?key=Townshend%2C%20Gladys%20Ethel%20Gwendolen%20Eugenie%20Sutherst%20Townshend%2C%20Marchioness">The Online Books Page of Gladys Ethel Gwendolen Eugenie Sutherst Townshend</a>, University of Pennsylvania Libraries.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mayor-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mayor_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/758624515/647DCCD5EF914088PQ/2">"Lady Mayor of Lynn"</a> <i>Boston Sunday Globe</i> (May 26, 1929): B3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gertrude O'Brien, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/758626703/647DCCD5EF914088PQ/11">"Marchioness Works for Common Ideal"</a> <i>Daily Boston Globe</i> (June 30, 1929): A13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/96640516/74A2118BBDC24406PQ/6">"Townshend Married a Bankrupt's Daughter"</a> <i>New York Times</i> (August 12, 1906): 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v_ARAAAAYAAJ&dq=Gwladys+Sutherst&pg=PA315">"The Townshend Case: A Chance for Playwrights"</a> <i>The Bystander</i> (August 15, 1906): 315.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yvg4AQAAMAAJ&dq=Gwladys+Sutherst&pg=PA385">"Le Roman d'un Jeune Homme Pauvre... d'Esprit"</a> <i>Fémina</i> (Septembre 1, 1906): 385-386.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/173261074/74A2118BBDC24406PQ/4">"Peer's Sanity on Trial"</a> <i>Chicago Daily Tribune</i> (March 12, 1906): 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19060318.2.176.8">"Eccentric Marquis a Prisoner"</a> <i>The San Francisco Call</i> (March 18, 1906): 1. via <a href="/wiki/California_Digital_Newspaper_Collection" title="California Digital Newspaper Collection">California Digital Newspaper Collection</a><span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/tv-radio-obituaries/7653338/Marquess-Townshend.html">"Marquess Townshend"</a> <i>The Telegraph</i> (April 29, 2010).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/145425443/647DCCD5EF914088PQ/3">"Mystery of the Marchioness' Baby"</a> <i>The Washington Post</i> (September 17, 1916): MT3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search-proquest-com.gate.lib.buffalo.edu/news/docview/114907848/647DCCD5EF914088PQ/4">"Marchioness of Townshend"</a> <i>New York Times</i> (October 13, 1959): 39.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gwladys_Sutherst_Townshend&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp19008/gwladys-ethel-gwendolen-eugenie-nee-sutherst-marchioness-townshend-later-le-stange">Photographs of Gwladys, Marchioness of Townshend</a> in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Portrait Gallery (London)">National Portrait Gallery (London)</a>.</li> <li>G. E. G. E. Sutherst Townshend, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RnZBAQAAMAAJ"><i>In the King's Garden and Other Poems'</i></a><i>' (Long, 1906).</i></li> <li>G. E. G. E. Sutherst Townshend, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DrYnAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Widening Circle: A Chronicle</i></a> (D. Appleton and Company, 1920).</li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐64mx2 Cached time: 20241122164435 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.239 seconds Real time usage: 0.355 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2266/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10913/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5111/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14155/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.108/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3915749/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 332.214 1 -total 59.46% 197.531 1 Template:Infobox_person 30.49% 101.307 21 Template:Pluralize_from_text 24.28% 80.651 2 Template:Plainlist 21.94% 72.896 1 Template:Marriage 20.94% 69.557 1 Template:Short_description 11.08% 36.796 2 Template:Pagetype 10.76% 35.735 17 Template:Main_other 10.05% 33.371 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.84% 32.691 1 Template:Str_≠_len --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56238561-0!canonical and timestamp 20241122164435 and revision id 1158341802. 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