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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biblical_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biblical_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Biblical era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biblical_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Roman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Herodian_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herodian_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Herodian period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herodian_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Great_Revolt_and_Bar_Kokhba_revolt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Great_Revolt_and_Bar_Kokhba_revolt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Great Revolt and Bar Kokhba revolt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Great_Revolt_and_Bar_Kokhba_revolt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Late_Roman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Late_Roman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Late Roman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Late_Roman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Byzantine_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Byzantine_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Byzantine period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Byzantine_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_Muslim_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Muslim_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Early Muslim period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Muslim_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crusader_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crusader_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Crusader period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crusader_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mamluk_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mamluk_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Mamluk period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mamluk_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottoman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Ottoman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_Mandate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Mandate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>British Mandate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Mandate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Destruction_of_the_old_city" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Destruction_of_the_old_city"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7.1</span> <span>Destruction of the old city</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Destruction_of_the_old_city-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_of_Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_of_Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>State of Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_of_Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urban_renewal_and_preservation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_renewal_and_preservation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Urban renewal and preservation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_renewal_and_preservation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography_and_climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography_and_climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Geography and climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography_and_climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tiberias</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="طبريا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طبريا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberiya" title="Tiberiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tiberiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="তিবিরিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তিবিরিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Тиберия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тиберия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiber%C3%ADades" title="Tiberíades – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tiberíades" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Τιβεριάδα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τιβεριάδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiber%C3%ADades" title="Tiberíades – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tiberíades" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberiado" title="Tiberiado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tiberiado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberiade" title="Tiberiade – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tiberiade" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87" title="طبریه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طبریه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tib%C3%A9riade" title="Tibériade – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tibériade" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibearias" title="Tibearias – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tibearias" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4" title="티베리아스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="티베리아스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1_(%D4%BB%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A5%D5%AC)" title="Տիբերիա (Իսրայել) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տիբերիա (Իսրայել)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberijada" title="Tiberijada – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tiberijada" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberiade" title="Tiberiade – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Tiberiade" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberiade" title="Tiberiade – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tiberiade" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="טבריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טבריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ტიბერია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტიბერია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberiada" title="Tiberiada – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Tiberiada" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberia" title="Tiberia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tiberia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberijas" title="Tiberijas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tiberijas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberiada" title="Tiberiada – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tiberiada" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="തിബെര്യാസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തിബെര്യാസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="طبريا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طبريا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabariyah" title="Tabariyah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tabariyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%99%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="ティベリア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ティベリア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberi%C3%A0s" title="Tiberiàs – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tiberiàs" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87" title="تبريه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تبريه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyberiada" title="Tyberiada – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tyberiada" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiber%C3%ADades" title="Tiberíades – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tiberíades" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Тверия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тверия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tverja" title="Tverja – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tverja" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberija" title="Tiberija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tiberija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyberjada" title="Tyberjada – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Tyberjada" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Тиберијада – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тиберијада" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberijada" title="Tiberijada – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tiberijada" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%81" title="திபேரியு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திபேரியு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taberiye" title="Taberiye – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Taberiye" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Тиверіада – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тиверіада" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="طبریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="طبریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tiberias" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="提比里亚 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="提比里亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="טבריה – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טבריה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E" title="提比里亞 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="提比里亞" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tiberias&params=32_47_40_N_35_32_00_E_region:IL_type:city(48472)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°47′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°32′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.79444°N 35.53333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.79444; 35.53333</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in northern Israel</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Israel</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Tiberias</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">טבריה</span>‎</span></span></li><li><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">طبريا</span></span></span></span></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Israel" title="List of cities in Israel">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Hebrew transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Also spelled</th><td class="infobox-data">Tveria, Tveriah (unofficial)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:92250_tiberias_PikiWiki_Israel.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Tiberias"><img alt="View of Tiberias" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/92250_tiberias_PikiWiki_Israel.jpg/250px-92250_tiberias_PikiWiki_Israel.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/92250_tiberias_PikiWiki_Israel.jpg/500px-92250_tiberias_PikiWiki_Israel.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="5692" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">View of Tiberias</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Tiberias.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Tiberias"><img alt="Official logo of Tiberias" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tiberias.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tiberias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coat_of_Arms_of_Tiberias.svg/160px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Tiberias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="245" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_outline_northeast.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Tiberias is located in Northeast Israel"><img alt="Tiberias is located in Northeast Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Israel_outline_northeast.png/250px-Israel_outline_northeast.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Israel_outline_northeast.png/500px-Israel_outline_northeast.png 1.5x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="628" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:70.799%;left:63.03%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tiberias"><img alt="Tiberias" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Tiberias</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Northeast Israel</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_location_map_with_stripes.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tiberias is located in Israel"><img alt="Tiberias is located in Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Israel_location_map_with_stripes.svg/250px-Israel_location_map_with_stripes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="465" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Israel_location_map_with_stripes.svg/500px-Israel_location_map_with_stripes.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="1141" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:16.799%;left:70.513%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tiberias"><img alt="Tiberias" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Tiberias</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Israel</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tiberias&params=32_47_40_N_35_32_00_E_region:IL_type:city(48472)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°47′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°32′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.79444°N 35.53333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.79444; 35.53333</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Grid position</th><td class="infobox-data">201/243 <a href="/wiki/Palestine_grid" title="Palestine grid">PAL</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Israel" title="Districts of Israel">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_District_(Israel)" title="Northern District (Israel)">Northern</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subdistrict</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kinneret_Subdistrict" title="Kinneret Subdistrict">Kinneret</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1200 BCE <small>(Biblical <a href="/wiki/Rakkath" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakkath">Rakkath</a>)</small><br />20 CE <small>(Herodian city)</small></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Yossi Naba'a<sup id="cite_ref-elect24_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elect24-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">10,872 <a href="/wiki/Dunam" title="Dunam">dunams</a> (10.872 km<sup>2</sup> or 4.198 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2023)<sup id="cite_ref-Israelpopulations_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israelpopulations-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">48,472</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">4,500/km<sup>2</sup> (12,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Ethnicity<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-Israelpopulations_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israelpopulations-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Jews" title="Israeli Jews">Jews and others</a></th><td class="infobox-data">98.5%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Arab_citizens_of_Israel" title="Arab citizens of Israel">Arabs</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1.5%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Name meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">City of <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tiberias.muni.il/">www.tiberias.muni.il</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tiberias</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɪər/: 'ear' in 'near'">ɪər</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ty-<span style="font-size:90%">BEER</span>-ee-əs</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">טבריה</span>, <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/03\/Tverya.ogg\/Tverya.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<i>\u1e6c\u0259very\u0101<\/i>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Tverya.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Tverya.ogg/Tverya.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><i>Ṭəveryā</i></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Tverya.ogg" title="File:Tverya.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">طبريا</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Ṭabariyyā</i></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a city on the western shore of the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</a> in northern <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. A major Jewish center during <a href="/wiki/Late_Antiquity" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Antiquity">Late Antiquity</a>, it has been considered since the 16th century one of <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Four_Holy_Cities" title="Four Holy Cities">Four Holy Cities</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, it had a population of 48,472.<sup id="cite_ref-Israelpopulations_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israelpopulations-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tiberias was founded around 20 CE by <a href="/wiki/Herod_Antipas" title="Herod Antipas">Herod Antipas</a> and was named after <a href="/wiki/Roman_emperor" title="Roman emperor">Roman emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became a major political and religious hub of the Jews in the <a href="/wiki/Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Land of Israel</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(70_CE)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)">destruction of Jerusalem</a> and the desolation of Judea during the <a href="/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars" title="Jewish–Roman wars">Jewish–Roman wars</a>. From the time of the second through the tenth centuries CE, Tiberias was the largest Jewish city in <a href="/wiki/Galilee" title="Galilee">Galilee</a>, and much of the <a href="/wiki/Mishna" class="mw-redirect" title="Mishna">Mishna</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Talmud" title="Jerusalem Talmud">Jerusalem Talmud</a> were compiled there.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tiberias flourished during the <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Palestine_region#Early_Muslim_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Palestine region">Early Muslim period</a>, when it served as the capital of <a href="/wiki/Jund_al-Urdunn" title="Jund al-Urdunn">Jund al-Urdunn</a> and became a multi-cultural trading center.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city declined in importance over time due to earthquake damage and foreign incursions.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Galilee_earthquake_of_1837" class="mw-redirect" title="Galilee earthquake of 1837">Galilee earthquake of 1837</a> the city was rebuilt and grew steadily following the <a href="/wiki/First_Aliyah" title="First Aliyah">First Jewish Aliyah</a> in the 1880s. </p><p>In early modern times, Tiberias was a <a href="/wiki/Mixed_cities" title="Mixed cities">mixed city</a>; under <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British rule</a> it had a majority Jewish population, but with a significant Arab community. During the <a href="/wiki/1947%E2%80%931948_civil_war_in_Mandatory_Palestine" title="1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine">1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine</a>, fighting broke out between the Jewish residents of Tiberias and its Palestinian Arab minority. As the <a href="/wiki/Haganah" title="Haganah">Haganah</a> took over, British troops evacuated the entire Palestinian Arab population; they were refused reentry after the war, such that today the city has an almost exclusively Jewish population.<sup id="cite_ref-Abbasi_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abbasi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rabinowitz_Monterescu_2008_pp._195–226_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rabinowitz_Monterescu_2008_pp._195–226-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the war ended, the new Israeli authorities destroyed the Old City of Tiberias.<sup id="cite_ref-Abbasi_2008_pp._45–80_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abbasi_2008_pp._45–80-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rabinowitz_Monterescu_2008_pp._195–226_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rabinowitz_Monterescu_2008_pp._195–226-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large number of Jewish immigrants to Israel subsequently settled in Tiberias. </p><p>Today, Tiberias is an important tourist center due to its proximity to the Sea of Galilee and religious sanctity to Judaism and <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>. The city also serves as a regional industrial and commercial center. Its immediate neighbour to the south, <a href="/wiki/Hamat_Tiberias" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamat Tiberias">Hammat Tiberias</a>, which is now part of modern Tiberias, has been known for its <a href="/wiki/Hot_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot springs">hot springs</a>, believed to cure skin and other <a href="/wiki/Disease" title="Disease">ailments</a>, for some two thousand years.<sup id="cite_ref-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Tiberias was named after the <a href="/wiki/Roman_emperor" title="Roman emperor">Roman Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Midrash" title="Midrash">Midrash</a> regarding the city's name appears in the <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Babylonian Talmud</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Megillah_(Talmud)" title="Megillah (Talmud)">Tractate Megillah</a></i> <i>6A</i>: </p><p><i>"Rabbi Yirmiya said: [...] And why is it called Tiberias? Because it sits at the navel (tabur) of the Land of Israel".</i> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rashi" title="Rashi">Rashi</a>, in his commentary, provides two interpretations of the Midrash. The first explains the word <i>"navel" (tabur)</i> as referring to the lowest point in the Land of Israel. The second interpretation suggests that Tiberias is situated at the geographical center of the Land of Israel. <a href="/wiki/Ishtori_Haparchi" title="Ishtori Haparchi">Ishtori Haparchi</a> later substantiated this claim through measurements of the entire land, demonstrating its accuracy.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>See <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Tiberias" title="Diocese of Tiberias">Diocese of Tiberias</a> for <a href="/wiki/Church_history" title="Church history">ecclesiastical history</a></i></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biblical_era">Biblical era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Biblical era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jewish tradition holds that Tiberias was built on the site of the ancient Israelite village of <i><a href="/wiki/Rakkath" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakkath">Rakkath</a></i> or <i>Rakkat</i>, first mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joshua" title="Book of Joshua">Book of Joshua</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-thedate_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thedate-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-JewishEnc2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JewishEnc2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmudic</a> times, the Jews still referred to it by this name.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_period">Roman period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Roman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Herodian_period">Herodian period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Herodian period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tiberias was founded sometime around 18–20 CE in the <a href="/wiki/Herodian_Tetrarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Herodian Tetrarchy">Herodian Tetrarchy</a> of Galilee and <a href="/wiki/Perea" title="Perea">Perea</a> by the Roman <a href="/wiki/Client_state" title="Client state">client king</a> <a href="/wiki/Herod_Antipas" title="Herod Antipas">Herod Antipas</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great">Herod the Great</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-thedate_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thedate-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Herod Antipas made it the capital of his realm in Galilee and named it after the <a href="/wiki/Roman_emperor" title="Roman emperor">Roman emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JewishEnc2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JewishEnc2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was built in immediate proximity to a spa which had developed around seventeen natural mineral hot springs, <a href="/wiki/Hammat_Tiberias" title="Hammat Tiberias">Hammat Tiberias</a>. Tiberias was at first a strictly pagan city, but later became populated mainly by Jews, with its growing spiritual and religious status exerting a strong influence on <a href="/wiki/Balneotherapy" title="Balneotherapy">balneological</a> practices.<sup id="cite_ref-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (August 2016)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Tiberias#..._and_highly_so._Judaism_and_balneotherapy_do_not_mix." title="Talk:Tiberias">discuss</a></i>]</sup> Conversely, in <i><a href="/wiki/Antiquities_of_the_Jews" title="Antiquities of the Jews">Antiquities of the Jews</a></i>, the Roman-Jewish historian <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a> calls the village with hot springs Emmaus, today's Hammat Tiberias, located near Tiberias.<sup id="cite_ref-JAoJ2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAoJ2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This name also appears in his work <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_War" title="The Jewish War">The Jewish War</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, the city was known by its <a href="/wiki/Koine_Greek" title="Koine Greek">Koine Greek</a> name <b>Τιβεριάς</b> (<i>Tiberiás</i>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Τιβεριάδα</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">Tiveriáda</i></span>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the days of Herod Antipas, some of the most religiously orthodox <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>, who were struggling against the process of <a href="/wiki/Hellenisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenisation">Hellenisation</a>, which had affected even some <a href="/wiki/Kohen" title="Kohen">priestly groups</a>, refused to settle there: the presence of a <a href="/wiki/Cemetery" title="Cemetery">cemetery</a> rendered the site ritually unclean for the Jews and particularly for the priestly <a href="/wiki/Caste" title="Caste">caste</a>. Antipas settled many non-Jews there from rural Galilee and other parts of his domains in order to populate his new capital, and built a palace on the <a href="/wiki/Acropolis" title="Acropolis">acropolis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MDotB2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (August 2016)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Tiberias#Acropolis_usually_implies_a_height,_which_is_not_the_case_for_Tib." title="Talk:Tiberias">discuss</a></i>]</sup> The prestige of Tiberias was so great that the Sea of Galilee soon came to be named the Sea of Tiberias; however, the Jewish population continued to call it <i>Yam HaKineret</i>, its traditional name.<sup id="cite_ref-MDotB2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city was governed by a city council of 600 with a committee of ten until <a href="/wiki/44_CE" class="mw-redirect" title="44 CE">44 CE</a>, when a <a href="/wiki/Procurator_(ancient_Rome)" title="Procurator (ancient Rome)">Roman procurator</a> was set over the city after the death of <a href="/wiki/Herod_Agrippa_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Herod Agrippa I">Herod Agrippa I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MDotB2_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tiberias is mentioned in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6:23&version=nkjv">John 6:23</a> as the location from which boats had sailed to the opposite, eastern side of the Sea of Galilee. The crowd seeking <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> after the miraculous <a href="/wiki/Feeding_the_multitude" title="Feeding the multitude">feeding of the 5000</a> used these boats to travel back to <a href="/wiki/Capernaum" title="Capernaum">Capernaum</a> on the north-western part of the lake. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/AD_61" title="AD 61">61 CE</a> <a href="/wiki/Herod_Agrippa_II" title="Herod Agrippa II">Herod Agrippa II</a> annexed the city to his kingdom whose capital was <a href="/wiki/Banias" title="Banias">Caesarea Philippi</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Great_Revolt_and_Bar_Kokhba_revolt">Great Revolt and Bar Kokhba revolt</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Great Revolt and Bar Kokhba revolt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War" title="First Jewish–Roman War">First Jewish–Roman War</a>, the Jewish rebels took control of the city and destroyed Herod's palace, and were able to prevent the city from being pillaged by the army of <a href="/wiki/Agrippa_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrippa II">Agrippa II</a>, the Jewish ruler who had remained loyal to Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-MDotB2_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, the rebels were expelled from Tiberias, and while most other cities in the provinces of Judaea, Galilee and <a href="/wiki/Edom" title="Edom">Idumea</a> were razed, Tiberias was spared this fate because its inhabitants had decided not to fight against Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-MDotB2_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became a mixed city after the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE; with Judea subdued, the surviving southern Jewish population migrated to Galilee.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ERBRiP2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ERBRiP2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Roman_Gate_-_Tiberias_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Roman_Gate_-_Tiberias_%283%29.jpg/250px-The_Roman_Gate_-_Tiberias_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Roman_Gate_-_Tiberias_%283%29.jpg/330px-The_Roman_Gate_-_Tiberias_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Roman_Gate_-_Tiberias_%283%29.jpg/500px-The_Roman_Gate_-_Tiberias_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>The Roman-Byzantine southern city gate</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiberias-S-506.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tiberias-S-506.jpg/250px-Tiberias-S-506.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tiberias-S-506.jpg/330px-Tiberias-S-506.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tiberias-S-506.jpg/500px-Tiberias-S-506.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1724" data-file-height="2104" /></a><figcaption>Remains of Crusader fortress gate with ancient lintel in secondary use</figcaption></figure> <p>There is no direct indication that Tiberias, as well as the rest of Galilee, took part in the <a href="/wiki/Bar_Kokhba_revolt" title="Bar Kokhba revolt">Bar Kokhba revolt</a> of 132–136 CE, thus allowing it to continue to exist, despite a heavy economic decline due to the war. Following the expulsion of Jews from Judea after 135 CE, Tiberias and its neighbour <a href="/wiki/Sepphoris" title="Sepphoris">Sepphoris</a> (Hebrew name: Tzippori) became the major Jewish cultural centres. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Late_Roman_period">Late Roman period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Late Roman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the Talmud, in 145 CE, <a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbi</a> <a href="/wiki/Simeon_bar_Yochai" class="mw-redirect" title="Simeon bar Yochai">Simeon bar Yochai</a>, who was very familiar with Galilee, hiding there for over a decade, "cleansed the city of ritual impurity",<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> allowing the Jewish leadership to resettle there from the Judea, which they were forced to leave as fugitives. The <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a>, the Jewish court, also fled from Jerusalem during the <a href="/wiki/First_Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_War" title="First Jewish–Roman War">Great Jewish Revolt</a> against Rome, and after several attempted moves, in search of stability, eventually settled in Tiberias in about 220 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-MDotB2_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ERBRiP2_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ERBRiP2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was to be its final meeting place before its disbanding in 425 CE. When <a href="/wiki/Johanan_bar_Nappaha" title="Johanan bar Nappaha">Johanan bar Nappaha</a> (d. 279) settled in Tiberias, the city became the focus of Jewish religious scholarship in the land and the so-named <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Talmud" title="Jerusalem Talmud">Jerusalem Talmud</a> was compiled by his school in Tiberias between 230–270 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-ERBRiP2_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ERBRiP2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tiberias' 13 synagogues served the spiritual needs of a growing Jewish population.<sup id="cite_ref-MDotB2_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tombs of famous rabbis <a href="/wiki/Yohanan_ben_Zakkai" title="Yohanan ben Zakkai">Yohanan ben Zakkai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Akiva" title="Rabbi Akiva">Akiva</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a> are also located in the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Byzantine_period">Byzantine period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Byzantine period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 6th century Tiberias was still the seat of Jewish religious learning. In light of this, the <i><a href="/wiki/Letter_of_Simeon_of_Beth_Arsham" class="mw-redirect" title="Letter of Simeon of Beth Arsham">Letter of Simeon of Beth Arsham</a></i> urged the Christians of Palaestina to seize the leaders of Judaism in Tiberias, to put them to the rack, and to compel them to command the Jewish king, <a href="/wiki/Dhu_Nuwas" title="Dhu Nuwas">Dhu Nuwas</a>, to desist from persecuting the Christians in <a href="/wiki/Najran" title="Najran">Najran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 614, Tiberias was the site where, during the final <a href="/wiki/Jewish_revolt_against_Heraclius" title="Jewish revolt against Heraclius">Jewish revolt against the Byzantine Empire</a>, parts of the Jewish population supported the <a href="/wiki/Sassanid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid Empire">Persian</a> invaders; the Jewish rebels were financed by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_of_Tiberias" title="Benjamin of Tiberias">Benjamin of Tiberias</a>, a man of immense wealth; according to Christian sources, during the revolt Christians were massacred and churches destroyed. In 628, the Byzantine army returned to Tiberias upon the surrender of Jewish rebels and the end of the Persian occupation after they were defeated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nineveh_(627)" title="Battle of Nineveh (627)">battle of Nineveh</a>. A year later, influenced by radical Christian monks, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Heraclius" title="Heraclius">Heraclius</a> instigated a wide-scale slaughter of the Jews, which practically emptied Galilee of most its Jewish population, with survivors fleeing to Egypt.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Muslim_period">Early Muslim period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Early Muslim period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tiberias, or Tabariyyah in Arab transcription, was "conquered by (the Arab commander) <a href="/wiki/Shurahbil_ibn_Hasana" title="Shurahbil ibn Hasana">Shurahbil</a> in the year 634/15 [CE/AH] by capitulation; one half of the houses and churches were to belong to the Muslims, the other half to the Christians."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 636 CE, Tiberias served as the regional capital, until <a href="/wiki/Beit_She%27an" title="Beit She'an">Beit She'an</a> took its place, following the <a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun</a> conquest.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Nonsensical, unless Beth She'an was captured a few years after Tiberias. Rashidun conquest = Muslin conquest, and in Palestine it started in the 630s, ending un 641. (September 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Caliphate allowed 70 Jewish families from Tiberias to form the core of a renewed Jewish presence in Jerusalem and the importance of Tiberias to Jewish life declined.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The caliphs of the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad</a> Dynasty built one of its square-plan palaces on the waterfront to the north of Tiberias, at <a href="/wiki/Khirbat_al-Minya" class="mw-redirect" title="Khirbat al-Minya">Khirbat al-Minya</a>. Tiberias was revitalised in 749, after Bet Shean was destroyed in an earthquake.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> An imposing mosque, 90 metres (300 feet) long by 78 metres (256 feet) wide, resembling the <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Mosque" title="Umayyad Mosque">Great Mosque</a> of <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, was raised at the foot of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Berenice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Berenice (page does not exist)">Mount Berenice</a> next to a Byzantine church, to the south of the city, as the eighth century ushered in Tiberias's golden age, when the multicultural city may have been the most tolerant of the Middle East.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasson2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasson2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jewish scholarship flourished from the beginning of the 8th century to the end of the 10th, when the oral traditions of <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">ancient Hebrew</a>, still in use today, were codified. One of the leading members of the Tiberian <a href="/wiki/Masoretes" title="Masoretes">Masoretic community</a> was <a href="/wiki/Aaron_ben_Moses_ben_Asher" title="Aaron ben Moses ben Asher">Aaron ben Moses ben Asher</a>, who refined the oral tradition now known as <a href="/wiki/Tiberian_Hebrew" title="Tiberian Hebrew">Tiberian Hebrew</a>. Both the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Cairensis" title="Codex Cairensis">Codex Cairensis</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Aleppo_Codex" title="Aleppo Codex">Aleppo Codex</a> were written in Tiberias as well as the <a href="/wiki/Tiberian_vocalization" title="Tiberian vocalization">Tiberian vocalization</a> was devised here. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiberias-2-073.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tiberias-2-073.jpg/220px-Tiberias-2-073.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tiberias-2-073.jpg/330px-Tiberias-2-073.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Tiberias-2-073.jpg/440px-Tiberias-2-073.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Remains of Roman theatre</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hamat-Tiberias-119.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Hamat-Tiberias-119.jpg/220px-Hamat-Tiberias-119.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Hamat-Tiberias-119.jpg/330px-Hamat-Tiberias-119.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Hamat-Tiberias-119.jpg/440px-Hamat-Tiberias-119.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hamat_Tiberias" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamat Tiberias">Hammat Tiberias</a> synagogue floor</figcaption></figure> <p>The Arab geographer <a href="/wiki/Al-Muqaddasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Muqaddasi">al-Muqaddasi</a> writing in 985, describes Tiberias as a hedonistic city afflicted by heat: "For two months they dance; for two months they gobble; for two months they swat; for two months they go about naked; for two months they play the reed flute; and for two months they wallow in the mud."<sup id="cite_ref-Hasson2_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasson2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As "the capital of Jordan Province, and a city in the Valley of Canaan. ... The town is narrow, hot in summer and unhealthy...There are here eight natural hot baths, where no fuel need be used, and numberless basins besides of boiling water. The <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> is large and fine, and stands in the market-place. Its floor is laid in pebbles, set on stone drums, placed close one to another." According to Muqaddasi, those who suffered from scab or ulcers, and other such diseases came to Tiberias to bathe in the hot springs for three days. "Afterwards they dip in another spring which is cold, whereupon ... they become cured."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tiberias was plagued by incursions by the radical <a href="/wiki/Shi%27ite" class="mw-redirect" title="Shi'ite">Shi'ite</a> <a href="/wiki/Qarmatians" title="Qarmatians">Qarmatians</a> at the beginning of the tenth century. During that period, the Academy of Eretz Israel left Tiberias for Jerusalem. Later in the same century, the region came under the control by the <a href="/wiki/Fatimid_Caliphate" title="Fatimid Caliphate">Fatimid Caliphate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By this time, Tiberias had experienced its last period of prosperity; dried fruit, oil, and wine had been exported to <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> via the <a href="/wiki/Via_Maris" title="Via Maris">Via Maris</a>, and the city was also known for its mat industry.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1033 Tiberias was again <a href="/wiki/1033_Jordan_Rift_Valley_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="1033 Jordan Rift Valley earthquake">destroyed by an earthquake</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A further earthquake in 1066 toppled the great mosque.<sup id="cite_ref-Hasson2_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hasson2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nasir_Khusraw" title="Nasir Khusraw">Nasir-i Khusrou</a> visited Tiberias in 1047, and describes a city with a "strong wall" which begins at the border of the lake and goes all around the town except on the water-side. Furthermore, he describes </p> <dl><dd><blockquote><p>numberless buildings erected in the very water, for the bed of the lake in this part is rock; and they have built pleasure houses that are supported on columns of <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">marble</a>, rising up out of the water. The lake is very full of fish. [] The Friday Mosque is in the midst of the town. At the gate of the mosque is a spring, over which they have built a hot bath. [] On the western side of the town is a mosque known as the Jasmine Mosque (Masjid-i-Yasmin). It is a fine building and in the middle part rises a great platform (dukkan), where they have their <a href="/wiki/Mihrab" title="Mihrab">mihrabs</a> (or prayer-niches). All round those they have set <a href="/wiki/Jasmine" title="Jasmine">jasmine</a>-shrubs, from which the mosque derives its name.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crusader_period">Crusader period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Crusader period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Keverambam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Keverambam.jpg/220px-Keverambam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Keverambam.jpg/330px-Keverambam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Keverambam.jpg/440px-Keverambam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The tomb of <a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/First_Crusade" title="First Crusade">First Crusade</a> Tiberias was occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a> soon after the capture of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>. The city was given in fief to <a href="/wiki/Tancred,_Prince_of_Galilee" title="Tancred, Prince of Galilee">Tancred</a>, who made it his capital of the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Galilee" title="Principality of Galilee">Principality of Galilee</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Kingdom of Jerusalem</a>; the region was sometimes called the Principality of Tiberias, or the Tiberiad.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1099 the original site of the city was abandoned, and settlement shifted north to the present location.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Church,_Tiberias" title="St. Peter's Church, Tiberias">St. Peter's Church</a>, originally built by the Crusaders, is still standing today, although the building has been altered and reconstructed over the years. </p><p>In the late 12th century Tiberias' Jewish community numbered 50 Jewish families, headed by rabbis,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at that time the best manuscripts of the <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a> were said to be found there.<sup id="cite_ref-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 12th-century, the city was the subject of negative undertones in Islamic tradition. A <i><a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadith</a></i> recorded by Ibn Asakir of Damascus (d. 1176) names Tiberias as one of the "four cities of hell."<sup id="cite_ref-LaiouMottahedeh20012_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LaiouMottahedeh20012-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This could have been reflecting the fact that at the time, the town had a notable non-Muslim population.<sup id="cite_ref-Gil19972_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gil19972-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1187, <a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a> ordered his son <a href="/wiki/Al-Afdal_ibn_Salah_ad-Din" title="Al-Afdal ibn Salah ad-Din">al-Afdal</a> to send an envoy to Count <a href="/wiki/Raymond_III_of_Tripoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond III of Tripoli">Raymond of Tripoli</a> requesting safe passage through his fiefdom of Galilee and Tiberias. Raymond was obliged to grant the request under the terms of his treaty with Saladin. Saladin's force left <a href="/wiki/Caesarea_Philippi" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesarea Philippi">Caesarea Philippi</a> to engage the fighting force of the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a>. The Templar force was destroyed in <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cresson" title="Battle of Cresson">the encounter</a>. Saladin then <a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">besieged</a> Tiberias; after six days the town fell. On 4 July 1187 Saladin defeated the Crusaders coming to relieve Tiberias at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hattin" title="Battle of Hattin">Battle of Hattin</a>, 10 kilometres (6 miles) outside the city.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, during the <a href="/wiki/Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">Third Crusade</a>, the Crusaders drove the Muslims out of the city and reoccupied it. </p><p>Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, (<a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a>) also known as Rambam, a leading Jewish legal scholar, philosopher and physician of his period, died in 1204 in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> and was later buried in Tiberias. His tomb is one of the city's important pilgrimage sites. <a href="/wiki/Yaqut_al-Hamawi" title="Yaqut al-Hamawi">Yakut</a>, writing in the 1220s, described Tiberias as a small town, long and narrow. He also describes the "hot salt springs, over which they have built <a href="/wiki/Turkish_bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish bath">Hammams</a> which use no fuel." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mamluk_period">Mamluk period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mamluk period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1265 the <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">Crusaders</a> were driven from the city by the <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)">Egyptian Mamluks</a>, who ruled Tiberias until the Ottoman conquest in 1516.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_period">Ottoman period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ottoman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1822_Burckhardt_sketch_of_Tiberias.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/1822_Burckhardt_sketch_of_Tiberias.png/220px-1822_Burckhardt_sketch_of_Tiberias.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/1822_Burckhardt_sketch_of_Tiberias.png/330px-1822_Burckhardt_sketch_of_Tiberias.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/1822_Burckhardt_sketch_of_Tiberias.png/440px-1822_Burckhardt_sketch_of_Tiberias.png 2x" data-file-width="899" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Johann_Ludwig_Burckhardt" title="Johann Ludwig Burckhardt">Johann Ludwig Burckhardt</a>'s sketch of Tiberias, published in 1822. Burckhardt noted that the a quarter of the population was Jewish, and had originated in Poland, Spain, North Africa and other parts of Syria.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Francis_Frith._Tiberias,_from_the_South.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Francis_Frith._Tiberias%2C_from_the_South.jpg/250px-Francis_Frith._Tiberias%2C_from_the_South.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Francis_Frith._Tiberias%2C_from_the_South.jpg/330px-Francis_Frith._Tiberias%2C_from_the_South.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Francis_Frith._Tiberias%2C_from_the_South.jpg/500px-Francis_Frith._Tiberias%2C_from_the_South.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3575" data-file-height="2576" /></a><figcaption>Tiberas, 1862</figcaption></figure> <p>During the 16th century, Tiberias was a small village. Italian Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Moses_ben_Mordecai_Bassola" title="Moses ben Mordecai Bassola">Moses Bassola</a> visited Tiberias during his trip to Palestine in 1522. He said on Tiberias that "it was a big city ... and now it is ruined and desolate". He described the village there, in which he said there were "ten or twelve" Muslim households. The area, according to Bassola, was dangerous "because of the Arabs", and in order to stay there, he had to pay the local governor for his protection.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> expanded along the southern Mediterranean coast under Sultan <a href="/wiki/Selim_I" title="Selim I">Selim I</a>, the <i>Reyes Católicos</i> (<a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a>) began establishing <a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a> commissions. Many <a href="/wiki/Converso" title="Converso"><i>Conversos</i></a>, (<a href="/wiki/Marrano" title="Marrano"><i>Marranos</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/Morisco" title="Morisco"><i>Moriscos</i></a>) and <a href="/wiki/Sephardi_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi Jews">Sephardi Jews</a> fled in fear to the Ottoman provinces, settling at first in <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salonika" class="mw-redirect" title="Salonika">Salonika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a>. The Sultan encouraged them to settle in Palestine.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-alfassa2_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alfassa2-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1558, a Portuguese-born <a href="/wiki/Marrano" title="Marrano">marrano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Do%C3%B1a_Gracia" class="mw-redirect" title="Doña Gracia">Doña Gracia</a>, was granted tax collecting rights in Tiberias and its surrounding villages by <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a>. She envisaged the town becoming a refuge for Jews and obtained a permit to establish Jewish autonomy there.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1561 her nephew <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Nasi" title="Joseph Nasi">Joseph Nasi</a>, Lord of Tiberias,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> encouraged Jews to settle in Tiberias and rebuild the city.<sup id="cite_ref-Gordon2_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gordon2-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Securing a <i><a href="/wiki/Firman" title="Firman">firman</a></i> from the Sultan, he and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_ben_Adruth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph ben Adruth (page does not exist)">Joseph ben Adruth</a> rebuilt the city walls and lay the groundwork for a textile (<a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a>) industry, planting <a href="/wiki/Mulberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Mulberry">mulberry trees</a> and urging craftsmen to move there.<sup id="cite_ref-Gordon2_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gordon2-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plans were made for Jews to move from the <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a>, but when the Ottomans and the Republic of Venice went to war, the plan was abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-Gordon2_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gordon2-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of the century (1596), the village of Tiberias had 54 households: 50 families and 4 bachelors. All were <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a>. The main product of the village at that time was wheat, while other products included barley, fruit, fish, goats and bee hives; the total revenue was 3,360 <a href="/wiki/Ak%C3%A7e" title="Akçe">akçe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1624, when the Sultan recognized <a href="/wiki/Fakhr-al-Din_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Fakhr-al-Din II">Fakhr-al-Din II</a> as Lord of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Lebanon_Emirate" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Lebanon Emirate">Arabistan</a> (from Aleppo to the borders of Egypt),<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/1660_destruction_of_Tiberias" title="1660 destruction of Tiberias">1660 destruction of Tiberias</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Druze" title="Druze">Druze</a> resulted in abandonment of the city by its Jewish community,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike Tiberias, the nearby city of <a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a> recovered from its <a href="/wiki/1660_destruction_of_Safed" title="1660 destruction of Safed">destruction</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was not entirely abandoned,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> remaining an important Jewish center in Galilee. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_11910_leaning_tower_in_tiberias.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/PikiWiki_Israel_11910_leaning_tower_in_tiberias.jpg/220px-PikiWiki_Israel_11910_leaning_tower_in_tiberias.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/PikiWiki_Israel_11910_leaning_tower_in_tiberias.jpg/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_11910_leaning_tower_in_tiberias.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/PikiWiki_Israel_11910_leaning_tower_in_tiberias.jpg/440px-PikiWiki_Israel_11910_leaning_tower_in_tiberias.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>"Leaning tower" at SE corner of <a href="/wiki/Zahir_al-Umar" title="Zahir al-Umar">Zahir al-Umar</a>'s walls, part of Greek Orthodox Monastery of the Twelve Apostles</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1720s, the Arab ruler <a href="/wiki/Zahir_al-Umar" title="Zahir al-Umar">Zahir al-Umar</a>, of the <a href="/wiki/Al-Zayadina" title="Al-Zayadina">Zaydani clan</a>, fortified the town and made an agreement with the leader <a href="/wiki/Nasif_al-Nassar" title="Nasif al-Nassar">Nasif al-Nassar</a> of the <a href="/wiki/El_Assaad_Family" title="El Assaad Family">Al Saghir clan</a> to prevent looting. Accounts from that time tell of the great admiration people had for Zahir, especially his war against bandits on the roads. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Pococke" title="Richard Pococke">Richard Pococke</a>, who visited Tiberias in 1727, witnessed the building of a fort to the north of the city, and the strengthening of the old walls, attributing it to a dispute with the Pasha of Damascus.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under instructions from the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Porte" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Porte">Ottoman Porte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulayman_Pasha_al-Azm" title="Sulayman Pasha al-Azm">Sulayman Pasha al-Azm</a> of Damascus <a href="/wiki/Sieges_of_Tiberias_(1742%E2%80%931743)" title="Sieges of Tiberias (1742–1743)">besieged Tiberias in 1742</a>, with the intention of eliminating Zahir, but his siege was unsuccessful. In the following year, Sulayman set out to repeat the attempt with even greater reinforcements, but he died en route.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jewish_House_In_Tiberias,_1893.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jewish_House_In_Tiberias%2C_1893.jpg/220px-Jewish_House_In_Tiberias%2C_1893.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jewish_House_In_Tiberias%2C_1893.jpg/330px-Jewish_House_In_Tiberias%2C_1893.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jewish_House_In_Tiberias%2C_1893.jpg/440px-Jewish_House_In_Tiberias%2C_1893.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2742" data-file-height="2161" /></a><figcaption>Jewish house in Tiberias, 1893</figcaption></figure> <p>Under Zahir's patronage, Jewish families were encouraged to settle in Tiberias.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He invited Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Chaim_Abulafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaim Abulafia">Chaim Abulafia</a> of <a href="/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna">Smyrna</a> to rebuild the Jewish community.<sup id="cite_ref-JS2_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JS2-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The synagogue he built still stands today, located in the Court of the Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1775, <a href="/wiki/Jazzar_Pasha" title="Jazzar Pasha">Ahmed el-Jazzar</a> "the Butcher" brought peace to the region with an iron fist.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1780, many Polish Jews settled in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-JS2_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JS2-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 18th and 19th centuries it received an influx of <a href="/wiki/Rabbis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabbis">rabbis</a> who re-established it as a center for Jewish learning.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An essay written by Rabbi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Schwarz_(rabbi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Schwarz (rabbi) (page does not exist)">Joseph Schwarz</a> in 1850 noted that "Tiberias Jews suffered the least" during an Arab rebellion which took place in 1834.<sup id="cite_ref-JS2_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JS2-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 600 people, including nearly 500 Jews,<sup id="cite_ref-JS2_49-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JS2-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> died when the town was devastated by the <a href="/wiki/Galilee_earthquake_of_1837" class="mw-redirect" title="Galilee earthquake of 1837">1837 Galilee earthquake</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> An American expedition reported that Tiberias was still in a state of disrepair in 1847/1848.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rabbi Haim Shmuel Hacohen Konorti, born in Spain in 1792, settled in Tiberias at the age of 45 and was a driving force in the restoration of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zoltan_Kluger._Tiberias.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Zoltan_Kluger._Tiberias.jpg/250px-Zoltan_Kluger._Tiberias.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Zoltan_Kluger._Tiberias.jpg/330px-Zoltan_Kluger._Tiberias.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Zoltan_Kluger._Tiberias.jpg/500px-Zoltan_Kluger._Tiberias.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2604" data-file-height="2085" /></a><figcaption>Tiberias 1937, Dr. Torrance’s hospital centre of photograph</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Mandate">British Mandate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: British Mandate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abbud26C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Abbud26C.jpg/220px-Abbud26C.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Abbud26C.jpg/330px-Abbud26C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Abbud26C.jpg/440px-Abbud26C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="622" /></a><figcaption>Postcard of Tiberias, by <a href="/wiki/Karimeh_Abbud" title="Karimeh Abbud">Karimeh Abbud</a>, ca 1925</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_1924.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_1924.jpg/220px-%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_1924.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_1924.jpg/330px-%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_1924.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_1924.jpg/440px-%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_1924.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2995" data-file-height="1935" /></a><figcaption>Hot springs in Tiberias 1924, Younes & Soraya Nazrian library, University of Haifa digital collections</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1928%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94._%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A3_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9A_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%99%D7%92%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F,_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1928%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94._%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A3_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9A_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%99%D7%92%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F%2C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1928%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94._%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A3_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9A_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%99%D7%92%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F%2C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/1928%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94._%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A3_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9A_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%99%D7%92%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F%2C_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2317" data-file-height="1567" /></a><figcaption>Tiberias main road, 1925, Younes & Soraya Library digital collections, University of Haifa</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/1922_census_of_Palestine" title="1922 census of Palestine">1922 census of Palestine</a> conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British Mandate authorities</a>, Tiberias had a population of 6,950 inhabitants, consisting of 4,427 Jews, 2,096 Muslims, 422 Christians, and five others.<sup id="cite_ref-Barronp6_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barronp6-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially the relationship between Arabs and Jews in Tiberias was good, with few incidents occurring in the <a href="/wiki/1920_Palestine_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1920 Palestine riots">Nebi Musa riots</a> in 1920 and the Arab riots throughout <a href="/wiki/1929_Palestine_riots" title="1929 Palestine riots">Palestine in 1929</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first modern spa was built in 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The landscape of the modern town was shaped by the great flood of 11 November 1934. Deforestation on the slopes above the town combined with the fact that the city had been built as a series of closely packed houses and buildings – usually sharing walls – built in narrow roads paralleling and closely hugging the shore of the lake. Flood waters carrying mud, stones, and boulders rushed down the slopes and filled the streets and buildings with water so rapidly that many people did not have time to escape; the loss of life and property was great. The city rebuilt on the slopes and the British Mandatory government planted the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss Forest">Swiss Forest</a> on the slopes above the town to hold the soil and prevent similar disasters from recurring. A new seawall was constructed, moving the shoreline several yards out from the former shore.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 1938, Arab militants <a href="/wiki/1938_Tiberias_massacre" title="1938 Tiberias massacre">murdered 19 Jews</a> in Tiberias during the <a href="/wiki/1936%E2%80%9339_Arab_revolt_in_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine">1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 8–9 April 1948, sporadic shooting broke out between the Jewish and Arab neighborhoods of Tiberias. Arab Liberation Army and irregular forces attacked and closed the Rosh Pinnah road, isolating the northern Jewish settlements.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 April, the Haganah launched a mortar barrage, killing some Arab residents.<sup id="cite_ref-morris1832_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morris1832-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The local National Committee refused the offer of the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Liberation_Army" title="Arab Liberation Army">Arab Liberation Army</a> to take over defense of the city, but a small contingent of outside irregulars moved in.<sup id="cite_ref-morris1832_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morris1832-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During 10–17 April, the Haganah attacked the city and refused to negotiate a truce, while the British refused to intervene. Newly arrived Arab refugees from <a href="/wiki/Nasir_ad-Din,_Tiberias" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasir ad-Din, Tiberias">Nasir ad-Din</a> told of the civilians there being killed, news which brought panic to the residents of Tiberias.<sup id="cite_ref-morris1832_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morris1832-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Arab population of Tiberias (6,000 residents or 47.5% of the population) was evacuated by the British forces on 18 April 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Jewish population looted the Arab areas and had to be suppressed by force by the <a href="/wiki/Haganah" title="Haganah">Haganah</a> and Jewish police, who killed or injured several looters.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 30 December 1948, when <a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a> was staying in Tiberias, <a href="/wiki/James_Grover_McDonald" title="James Grover McDonald">James Grover McDonald</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_ambassador_to_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="United States ambassador to Israel">United States ambassador to Israel</a>, requested to meet with him. McDonald presented a British ultimatum for Israeli troops to leave the <a href="/wiki/Sinai_peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinai peninsula">Sinai peninsula</a>, Egyptian territory. Israel rejected the ultimatum, but Tiberias became famous.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Destruction_of_the_old_city">Destruction of the old city</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Destruction of the old city"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the months after the occupation of the city, a large part of the buildings of the old city in Tiberias was destroyed, and this for various reasons - problems of <a href="/wiki/Hygiene" title="Hygiene">hygiene</a>, rickety construction, and the fear that the Arabs would return to the city, when it became known that this was a requirement of <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> as part of the negotiations conducted in <a href="/wiki/1949_Armistice_Agreements" title="1949 Armistice Agreements"> Rhodes</a>. Finally, the authorities acceded to the initiative of the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_Fund" title="Jewish National Fund">Jewish National Fund</a>, Yosef Nahmani, who argued that the houses of the Old City should be demolished, despite the opposition of Mayor Shimon Dahan. </p><p>The destruction began in the summer of 1948 and continued until the first months of 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-abasi_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abasi-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A visit by <a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a> to the city brought an end to the destruction, after 477 out of 696 houses were destroyed according to official estimates.<sup id="cite_ref-ypaz_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ypaz-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the destruction remained the remains of the wall and the citadel, several houses on the outskirts of the city, as well as the two mosques that operated in the city. The area stood abandoned for decades, until operations began to restore it in the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-ypaz2_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ypaz2-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_of_Israel">State of Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: State of Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dover_tverya17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Dover_tverya17.jpg/220px-Dover_tverya17.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Dover_tverya17.jpg/330px-Dover_tverya17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Dover_tverya17.jpg/440px-Dover_tverya17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4251" data-file-height="2372" /></a><figcaption>Tiberias and the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_69028_the_tomb_of_rabbi_meir_the_miracle_owner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/PikiWiki_Israel_69028_the_tomb_of_rabbi_meir_the_miracle_owner.jpg/250px-PikiWiki_Israel_69028_the_tomb_of_rabbi_meir_the_miracle_owner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/PikiWiki_Israel_69028_the_tomb_of_rabbi_meir_the_miracle_owner.jpg/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_69028_the_tomb_of_rabbi_meir_the_miracle_owner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/PikiWiki_Israel_69028_the_tomb_of_rabbi_meir_the_miracle_owner.jpg/500px-PikiWiki_Israel_69028_the_tomb_of_rabbi_meir_the_miracle_owner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="1880" /></a><figcaption>Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Meir" title="Rabbi Meir">Rabbi Meir Baal HaNes</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_11886_house_in_galilee_street_tiberias.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/PikiWiki_Israel_11886_house_in_galilee_street_tiberias.jpg/250px-PikiWiki_Israel_11886_house_in_galilee_street_tiberias.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/PikiWiki_Israel_11886_house_in_galilee_street_tiberias.jpg/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_11886_house_in_galilee_street_tiberias.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/PikiWiki_Israel_11886_house_in_galilee_street_tiberias.jpg/500px-PikiWiki_Israel_11886_house_in_galilee_street_tiberias.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Black basalt buildings in Tiberias</figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Tiberias has been almost entirely Jewish since 1948. Many <a href="/wiki/Sephardic" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardic">Sephardic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Jews" title="Mizrahi Jews">Mizrahi</a> Jews settled in the city, following the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_exodus_from_Arab_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish exodus from Arab countries">Jewish exodus from Arab countries</a> in late 1940s and the early 1950s. Over time, government housing was built to accommodate much of the new population, like in many other <a href="/wiki/Development_town" title="Development town">development towns</a>. </p><p>In 1959, during <a href="/wiki/Wadi_Salib_riots" title="Wadi Salib riots">Wadi Salib riots</a>, the "<i>Union des Nords-africains</i> led by David Ben Haroush, organised a large-scale procession walking towards the nice suburbs of <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a> creating little damage but a great fear within the population. This small incident was taken as an occasion to express the social malaise of the different <a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Jews_in_Israel" title="Mizrahi Jews in Israel">Oriental communities in Israel</a> and riots spread quickly to other parts of the country; mostly in towns with a high percentage of the population having North African origins like in Tiberias, in <a href="/wiki/Beer-Sheva" class="mw-redirect" title="Beer-Sheva">Beer-Sheva</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Migdal_HaEmek" title="Migdal HaEmek">Migdal-Haemek</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over time, the city came to rely on tourism, becoming a major Galilean center for <a href="/wiki/Christian_pilgrims" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian pilgrims">Christian pilgrims</a> and internal Israeli tourism. The ancient cemetery of Tiberias and its old synagogues are also drawing religious Jewish pilgrims during religious holidays.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tiberias consists of a small port on the shores of Galilee lake for both fishing and tourist activities. Since the 1990s, the importance of the port for fishing was gradually decreasing, with the decline of the Tiberias lake level, due to continuing droughts and increased pumping of fresh water from the lake. It was expected that the lake of Tiberias will regain its original level (almost 6 metres (20 feet) higher than today), with the full operational capacity of Israeli desalination facilities by 2014. In 2020, the lake raised above the level it was in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, plans were announced for a new ultra-Orthodox neighborhood, Kiryat Sanz, on a slope on the western side of the Kinneret.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Central_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Israel Central Bureau of Statistics">Central Bureau of Statistics</a> (CBS), as of August 2023, 49,876 inhabitants lived in Tiberias. According to CBS, as of December 2019 the city was rated 4 out of 10 on the socio-economic scale. The average monthly salary of an employee for the year 2019 was 7,508 NIS.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among today's population of Jews, many are <a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Jews_in_Israel" title="Mizrahi Jews in Israel">Mizrahi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sephardi_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi Jews">Sephardic</a>. The yearly growth rate of its population is 3.9%. </p><p>Following Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon in 2000 many ex-<a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_Army" title="South Lebanon Army">South Lebanon Army</a> soldiers and officers who fled from Lebanon settled in Tiberias with <a href="/wiki/Lebanese_people_in_Israel" title="Lebanese people in Israel">their families</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Shachmon_2019_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shachmon_2019-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Ottoman registers of 1525, 1533, 1548, 1553, and 1572 all the residents were <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The registers in 1596 recorded the population to consist of 50 families and four bachelors, all Muslim.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1780, there were about 4,000 inhabitants, two thirds being Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1842, there were about 3,900 inhabitants, around a third of whom were Jews, the rest being Muslims and a few Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1850, Tiberias contained <a href="/wiki/Old_synagogues_of_Tiberias" title="Old synagogues of Tiberias">three synagogues</a> which served the <a href="/wiki/Sephardi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardi">Sephardi</a> community, which consisted of 80 families, and the <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazim" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazim">Ashkenazim</a>, numbering about 100 families. It was reported that the Jewish inhabitants of Tiberias enjoyed more peace and security than those of <a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a> to the north.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1863, it was recorded that the Christian and Muslim elements made up three-quarters of the population (2,000 to 4,000).<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A population list from about 1887 showed that Tiberias had a population of about 3,640; 2,025 Jews, 30 Latins, 215 Catholics, 15 Greek Catholics, and 1,355 Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1901, the Jews of Tiberias numbered about 2,000 in a total population of 3,600.<sup id="cite_ref-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1912, the population reached 6,500. This included 4,500 Jews, 1,600 Muslims and 400 Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-CE2_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CE2-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/1922_census_of_Palestine" title="1922 census of Palestine">1922 census of Palestine</a> conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British Mandate authorities</a>, Tiberias had a population of 6,950 inhabitants, consisting of 4,427 Jews, 2,096 Muslims, 422 Christians, and five others.<sup id="cite_ref-Barronp6_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barronp6-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were 5,381 Jews, 2,645 Muslims, 565 Christians and ten others in the <a href="/wiki/1931_census_of_Palestine" title="1931 census of Palestine">1931 census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1945, the population had increased to 6,000 Jews, 4,540 Muslims, 760 Christians with ten others.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War" title="1948 Arab–Israeli War">1948 Arab-Israeli War</a>, Palestinian Arab residents of Tiberias besieged its Jewish quarter. <a href="/wiki/Haganah" title="Haganah">Haganah</a> troops then successfully attacked the Arab section of the city, and British troops evacuated the Arab residents upon their request.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some fled in the wake of news of the <a href="/wiki/Deir_Yassin_massacre" title="Deir Yassin massacre">Deir Yassin massacre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The entire Arab population of the city was removed in 1948 by the British and partly because of <a href="/wiki/Haganah" title="Haganah">Haganah</a> decision.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the war had ended, a large number of Jewish immigrants to Israel settled in Tiberias.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today almost all of the population is Jewish. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Urban_renewal_and_preservation">Urban renewal and preservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Urban renewal and preservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiberias_Genezareth_Tverya_Kinneret_Israel_datafox.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tiberias_Genezareth_Tverya_Kinneret_Israel_datafox.JPG/220px-Tiberias_Genezareth_Tverya_Kinneret_Israel_datafox.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Tiberias_Genezareth_Tverya_Kinneret_Israel_datafox.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="410" /></a><figcaption>Tiberias harbour</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiberias_hotels.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Tiberias_hotels.JPG/220px-Tiberias_hotels.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Tiberias_hotels.JPG/330px-Tiberias_hotels.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Tiberias_hotels.JPG/440px-Tiberias_hotels.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3070" data-file-height="1756" /></a><figcaption>Tiberias beachfront</figcaption></figure> <p>Ancient and medieval Tiberias was destroyed by a series of devastating earthquakes, and much of what was built after the major earthquake of 1837 was destroyed or badly damaged in the great flood of 1934. Houses in the newer parts of town, uphill from the waterfront, survived. In 1949, 606 houses, comprising almost all of the built-up area of the old quarter other than religious buildings, were demolished over the objections of local Jews who owned about half the houses.<sup id="cite_ref-Golan2_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Golan2-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wide-scale development began after the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>, with the construction of a waterfront promenade, open parkland, shopping streets, restaurants and modern hotels. Carefully preserved were several churches, including one with foundations dating from the Crusader period, the city's two Ottoman-era mosques, and several <a href="/wiki/Ancient_synagogues_of_Tiberias" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient synagogues of Tiberias">ancient synagogues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city's old masonry buildings constructed of local black basalt with white limestone windows and trim have been designated historic landmarks. Also preserved are parts of the ancient wall, the Ottoman-era citadel, historic hotels, <a href="/wiki/Christian_tourism" title="Christian tourism">Christian pilgrim hostels</a>, convents and schools. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 2,000 year-old Roman theatre was discovered 15 metres (49 feet) under layers of debris and refuse at the foot of Mount Bernike south of modern Tiberias. It once seated over 7,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, excavations in Tiberias conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Antiquities_Authority" title="Israel Antiquities Authority">Israel Antiquities Authority</a> uncovered a structure dating to the 3rd century CE that may have been the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a>. At the time it was called Beit Hava'ad.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2018, an underground Jewish mausoleum was discovered. Archaeologists said that the mausoleum was between 1,900 to 2,000 years old as of 2018. The names of the dead were inscribed on the ossuaries in <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2021, the foundations of a mosque dating to the earliest years of Muslim rule was excavated just south of the Sea of Galilee by archaeologists led by Katia Cytryn-Silverman from the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a>. Built around 670 CE, it is considered to have been the first purpose-built mosque in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_and_climate">Geography and climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Geography and climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tiberias is located on the shore of the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</a> and the western slopes of the <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Rift_Valley" title="Jordan Rift Valley">Jordan Rift Valley</a> overlooking the lake, in the elevation range of −200 to 200 metres (−660–660 feet). Tiberias has a <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">hot semi-arid climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>BSh</i>) that borders a <a href="/wiki/Hot-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot-summer Mediterranean climate">hot-summer Mediterranean climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Csa</i>), with an annual precipitation of 437.1 mm (17.21 in). Summers in Tiberias average a maximum temperature of 38 °C (100 °F) and a minimum temperature of 25 °C (77 °F) in July and August. The winters are mild, with temperatures ranging from 10 to 18 °C (50–64 °F). Extremes have ranged from 0 °C (32 °F) to 48 °C (118 °F). </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Tiberias, Israel (1981–2010 normals), </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2<br />(91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.9<br />(96.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6<br />(88.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">28.9<br />(84.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6<br />(88.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6<br />(85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.3<br />(74.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.3<br />(73.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #5FFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">106.9<br />(4.21) </td> <td style="background: #6BFF6B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.2<br />(3.55) </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5<br />(2.19) </td> <td style="background: #E3FFE3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(0.69) </td> <td style="background: #F9FFF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(0.15) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(0.02) </td> <td style="background: #E5FFE5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4<br />(0.69) </td> <td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.9<br />(2.04) </td> <td style="background: #74FF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.0<br />(3.66) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">437.1<br />(17.21) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: WMO<sup id="cite_ref-Climatological_Information_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climatological_Information-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p><br /> Tiberias has been severely damaged by earthquakes since antiquity. Earthquakes are known to have occurred in 30, 33, 115, 306, <a href="/wiki/Galilee_earthquake_of_363" class="mw-redirect" title="Galilee earthquake of 363">363</a>, 419, 447, 631–32 (aftershocks continued for a month), 1033, 1182, 1202, 1546, <a href="/wiki/Near_East_earthquakes_of_1759" class="mw-redirect" title="Near East earthquakes of 1759">1759</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galilee_earthquake_of_1837" class="mw-redirect" title="Galilee earthquake of 1837">1837</a>, 1927 and 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city is located above the <a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Transform" title="Dead Sea Transform">Dead Sea Transform</a> and is one of the cities in Israel that is most at risk to <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquakes</a> (along with <a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beit_She%27an" title="Beit She'an">Beit She'an</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Shmona" title="Kiryat Shmona">Kiryat Shmona</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eilat" title="Eilat">Eilat</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_care">Health care</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Doctor_House_-_The_Scots_Hotel.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Doctor_House_-_The_Scots_Hotel.JPG/250px-The_Doctor_House_-_The_Scots_Hotel.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Doctor_House_-_The_Scots_Hotel.JPG/330px-The_Doctor_House_-_The_Scots_Hotel.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/The_Doctor_House_-_The_Scots_Hotel.JPG/500px-The_Doctor_House_-_The_Scots_Hotel.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Scots_Hotel" title="Scots Hotel">Scots Hotel</a> in the restored former hospital of Dr Torrance</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1885, a Scottish doctor and minister, David Watt Torrance, opened a mission hospital in Tiberias that accepted patients of all races and religions.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1894, it moved to larger premises at Beit abu Shamnel abu Hannah. David Watt Torrance died in Tiberias in 1923. The same year his son, Dr. Herbert Watt Torrance, was appointed head of the hospital. In 1949, following the establishment of the State of Israel, it became a maternity hospital supervised by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Health (Israel)">Israeli Department of Health</a>. After its closure in 1959, the building became a guesthouse until 1999, when it was renovated and reopened as the <a href="/wiki/Scots_Hotel" title="Scots Hotel">Scots Hotel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UoDArchiveMS38_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UoDArchiveMS38-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Scots_hotel2_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots_hotel2-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Poria hospital is located near Upper Tiberias neighborhood, and operates a hospitalization control center in the city itself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Tiberias" title="Special:EditPage/Tiberias">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Tiberias%22">"Tiberias"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Tiberias%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Tiberias%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Tiberias%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Tiberias%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Tiberias%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiberias_Stadium_Bodek_Architects_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Tiberias_Stadium_Bodek_Architects_2023.jpg/330px-Tiberias_Stadium_Bodek_Architects_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="263" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Tiberias_Stadium_Bodek_Architects_2023.jpg/500px-Tiberias_Stadium_Bodek_Architects_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Tiberias_Stadium_Bodek_Architects_2023.jpg/960px-Tiberias_Stadium_Bodek_Architects_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1027" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tiberias_Football_Stadium" title="Tiberias Football Stadium">Tiberias Football Stadium</a> (under construction) designed by <a href="/wiki/Moti_Bodek" title="Moti Bodek">Moti Bodek</a> Architects</figcaption></figure> <p>Its first <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> club established in 1925 was <a href="/wiki/Maccabi_Tiberias_F.C." title="Maccabi Tiberias F.C.">Maccabi Tiberias</a>, but folded in the 1990s after financial difficulties. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hapoel_Tiberias_F.C." title="Hapoel Tiberias F.C.">Hapoel Tiberias</a> represented the city in the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Premier_League" title="Israeli Premier League">top division</a> of football for several seasons in the 1960s and 1980s, but eventually dropped into the regional leagues and folded due to financial difficulties. </p><p>Following Hapoel's demise, a new club, <a href="/wiki/Ironi_Tiberias_F.C." title="Ironi Tiberias F.C.">Ironi Tiberias</a>, was established, which currently plays in <a href="/wiki/Liga_Leumit" title="Liga Leumit">Liga Leumit</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/6_Nations_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="6 Nations Championship">6 Nations Championship</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heineken_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Heineken Cup">Heineken Cup</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Heaslip" title="Jamie Heaslip">Jamie Heaslip</a> was born in Tiberias. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Tiberias_Marathon" title="Tiberias Marathon">Tiberias Marathon</a> is an annual road race held along the Sea of Galilee in Israel with a field in recent years of approximately 1000 competitors. The course follows an out-and-back format around the southern tip of the sea, and was run concurrently with a 10k race along an abbreviated version of the same route. In 2010 the 10k race was moved to the afternoon before the marathon. At approximately 200 metres (660 feet) below <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>, this is the lowest course in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Israel" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel">List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel</a></div> <p>Tiberias is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Great_Neck_(village),_New_York" title="Great Neck (village), New York">Great Neck</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (2002)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (2000)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/60px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Montecatini_Terme" title="Montecatini Terme">Montecatini Terme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (1979)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Montpellier" title="Montpellier">Montpellier</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (1983)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saint-Rapha%C3%ABl,_Var" title="Saint-Raphaël, Var">Saint-Raphaël</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (2006)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (1990)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Worms,_Germany" title="Worms, Germany">Worms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (1986)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wuxi" title="Wuxi">Wuxi</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prominent people predating the State of Israel, listed by year of birth: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rabbi_Meir" title="Rabbi Meir">Rabbi Meir</a> Baal HaNes (Rabbi Meir the miracle maker), 2nd-century CE Jewish sage</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johanan_bar_Nappaha" title="Johanan bar Nappaha">Johanan bar Nappaha</a> (180–279), rabbi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Tabarani" title="Al-Tabarani">Sulayman ibn Ahmad at-Tabarani</a> (874–971), Muslim hadith scholar and collector</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhiyahu_HaKohen" title="Akhiyahu HaKohen">Akhiyahu HaKohen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Floruit" title="Floruit">fl.</a> 910 CE), rabbi and Hebrew-language grammarian</li> <li>Donna <a href="/wiki/Gracia_Mendes_Nasi" title="Gracia Mendes Nasi">Gracia Mendes Nasi</a> (1510–1569), Portuguese philanthropist and one of the wealthiest Jewish women of the Renaissance</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahir_al-Umar" title="Zahir al-Umar">Zahir al-Umar</a> (c. 1689–1775), virtually autonomous Arab ruler of northern Palestine in the mid-18th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shemariah_Catarivas" title="Shemariah Catarivas">Shemariah Catarivas</a>, 18th-century Talmudic writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_ha-Cohen_Sekili" title="Jacob ha-Cohen Sekili">Jacob ha-Cohen Sekili</a> (1846–1918), rabbi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassib_Sabbagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassib Sabbagh">Hassib Sabbagh</a> (1920–2010), Palestinian billionaire businessman, activist and philanthropist</li></ul> <p>Prominent people in the State of Israel or born/active there, listed alphabetically: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yossi_Abulafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Yossi Abulafia">Yossi Abulafia</a> (born 1944), writer and graphic artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadi_Eizenkot" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadi Eizenkot">Gadi Eizenkot</a> (born 1960), IDF Chief of General Staff (Feb. 2015 – Jan. 2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarai_Givaty" title="Sarai Givaty">Sarai Givaty</a> (born 1982), actress, singer-songwriter, and model</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menahem_Golan" title="Menahem Golan">Menahem Golan</a> (1929–2014), film producer, screenwriter and director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Heaslip" title="Jamie Heaslip">Jamie Heaslip</a> (born 1983), Irish rugby union player, born in Tiberias</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elad_Levy" title="Elad Levy">Elad Levy</a> (born 1972 in Tiberias), neurosurgeon known for his contributions in the management of stroke</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomit_Nir" title="Shlomit Nir">Shlomit Nir</a> (born 1952), Olympic swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Denis_O%27Donnell" title="Patrick Denis O'Donnell">Patrick Denis O'Donnell</a> (1922–2005), Commandant of the Irish Defence Forces, military historian, UN peace-keeper stationed in Tiberias in the 1960s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisroel_Ber_Odesser" title="Yisroel Ber Odesser">Yisroel Ber Odesser</a> (born c. 1888 in Tiberias – 1994), Breslover Hasid and rabbi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Peretz" title="Moshe Peretz">Moshe Peretz</a> (born 1983), Mizrahi pop singer-songwriter and composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldad_Ronen" title="Eldad Ronen">Eldad Ronen</a> (born 1976), Olympic competitive sailor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shem-Tov_Sabag" title="Shem-Tov Sabag">Shem-Tov Sabag</a> (born 1959), Olympic marathoner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bechor-Shalom_Sheetrit" title="Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit">Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit</a> (1895–1967), politician, government minister of Israel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Toledano" title="Shmuel Toledano">Shmuel Toledano</a> (1921-2022), former Mossad agent and member of the Knesset</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27akov_Moshe_Toledano" title="Ya'akov Moshe Toledano">Ya'akov Moshe Toledano</a> (1880–1960), rabbi, Israeli Minister of Religions (1958–1960)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1660_destruction_of_Tiberias" title="1660 destruction of Tiberias">1660 destruction of Tiberias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethmaus" title="Bethmaus">Bethmaus</a>, ancient Jewish village next to Tiberias</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_names_for_biblical_place_names" title="List of modern names for biblical place names">List of modern names for biblical place names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_synagogues_of_Tiberias" title="Old synagogues of Tiberias">Old synagogues of Tiberias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzafon_Medical_Center" title="Tzafon Medical Center">Tzafon Medical Center</a>, Poriya</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-elect24-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-elect24_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themarker.com/news/2024-02-28/ty-article-static/0000018d-bb60-dd5e-a59d-fff234410000">"תוצאות הבחירות המקומיות 2024"</a>. <i>TheMarker</i> (in Hebrew). 3 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheMarker&rft.atitle=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA+2024&rft.date=2024-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themarker.com%2Fnews%2F2024-02-28%2Fty-article-static%2F0000018d-bb60-dd5e-a59d-fff234410000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Israelpopulations-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Israelpopulations_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Israelpopulations_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Israelpopulations_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/settlements/Pages/default.aspx?mode=Yeshuv">"Regional Statistics"</a>. <i>Israel Central Bureau of Statistics</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Central+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.atitle=Regional+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbs.gov.il%2Fen%2Fsettlements%2FPages%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fmode%3DYeshuv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/tiberias">"Definition of Tiberias | Dictionary.com"</a>. <i>www.dictionary.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dictionary.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+Tiberias+%7C+Dictionary.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Ftiberias&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=32&letter=P#176#ixzz0RkYTWcVv">"Palestine, Holiness of"</a>. <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111014125505/http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=32&letter=P#176">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Palestine%2C+Holiness+of&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Fview.jsp%3Fartid%3D32%26letter%3DP%23176%23ixzz0RkYTWcVv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hirschfeld, Y. (2007). Post-Roman Tiberias: between East and West. <i>Post-Roman Towns, Trade and Settlement in Europe and Byzantium: Byzantium, Pliska, and the Balkans</i>, <i>5</i>, p. 193–204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conder and Kitchener (1881), SWP I, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/419/mode/1up">419-420</a> "The Sanhedrin, after several removes, came to Tiberias about the middle of the second century, under the celebrated Rabbi Judah Hakkodesh, and from this time Tiberias became the central point of Jewish learning for several centuries. It was here that both the Mishna and the Gemara were compiled."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abbasi-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Abbasi_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAbbasi2008" class="citation journal cs1">Abbasi, Mustafa (1 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/240759727">"The end of Arab Tiberias: the Arabs of Tiberias and the Battle for the City in 1948"</a>. <i>Journal of Palestine Studies</i>. <b>37</b> (3). Informa UK Limited: <span class="nowrap">6–</span>29. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fjps.2008.37.3.6">10.1525/jps.2008.37.3.6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0377-919X">0377-919X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Palestine+Studies&rft.atitle=The+end+of+Arab+Tiberias%3A+the+Arabs+of+Tiberias+and+the+Battle+for+the+City+in+1948&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E6-%3C%2Fspan%3E29&rft.date=2008-04-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fjps.2008.37.3.6&rft.issn=0377-919X&rft.aulast=Abbasi&rft.aufirst=Mustafa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F240759727&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rabinowitz_Monterescu_2008_pp._195–226-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rabinowitz_Monterescu_2008_pp._195–226_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rabinowitz_Monterescu_2008_pp._195–226_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRabinowitzMonterescu2008" class="citation journal cs1">Rabinowitz, Dan; Monterescu, Daniel (1 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-middle-east-studies/article/reconfiguring-the-mixed-town-urban-transformations-of-ethnonational-relations-in-palestine-and-israel/5AB0B676A0679858F98AB3DA8AC20B6A/share/c4e2722f72e7ade9c6e43f8b7dc8253663029555">"Reconfiguring the "Mixed Town": Urban Transformations of Ethnonational Relations in Palestine and Israel"</a>. <i>International Journal of Middle East Studies</i>. <b>40</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">195–</span>226. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0020743808080513">10.1017/S0020743808080513</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1471-6380">1471-6380</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162633906">162633906</a>. <q>The first mixed town forcibly emptied of its Palestinian residents was Tiberias, the 5,770 Palestinian inhabitants of which were driven out – mostly on buses – on 16 and 17 April 1948, when the town was taken by Jewish Hagana forces. ... In Tiberias, the demise of the Palestinian community was coupled in early 1949 with mass destruction of their old properties. By March the Israeli army had blown up and bulldozed 477 of the 696 buildings in the old city,&S</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Middle+East+Studies&rft.atitle=Reconfiguring+the+%22Mixed+Town%22%3A+Urban+Transformations+of+Ethnonational+Relations+in+Palestine+and+Israel&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E195-%3C%2Fspan%3E226&rft.date=2008-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162633906%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1471-6380&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0020743808080513&rft.aulast=Rabinowitz&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.au=Monterescu%2C+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Finternational-journal-of-middle-east-studies%2Farticle%2Freconfiguring-the-mixed-town-urban-transformations-of-ethnonational-relations-in-palestine-and-israel%2F5AB0B676A0679858F98AB3DA8AC20B6A%2Fshare%2Fc4e2722f72e7ade9c6e43f8b7dc8253663029555&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abbasi_2008_pp._45–80-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Abbasi_2008_pp._45–80_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAbbasi2008" class="citation journal cs1">Abbasi, Mustafa (2008). "The War on the Mixed Cities: The Depopulation of Arab Tiberias and the Destruction of Its Old, 'Sacred' City (1948–9)". <i>Holy Land Studies</i>. <b>7</b> (1). Edinburgh University Press: <span class="nowrap">45–</span>80. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3366%2Fe1474947508000061">10.3366/e1474947508000061</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1474-9475">1474-9475</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Holy+Land+Studies&rft.atitle=The+War+on+the+Mixed+Cities%3A+The+Depopulation+of+Arab+Tiberias+and+the+Destruction+of+Its+Old%2C+%27Sacred%27+City+%281948%E2%80%939%29&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E80&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3366%2Fe1474947508000061&rft.issn=1474-9475&rft.aulast=Abbasi&rft.aufirst=Mustafa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Erfurt-CooperCooper20092_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPatricia_Erfurt-CooperMalcolm_Cooper2009" class="citation book cs1">Patricia Erfurt-Cooper; Malcolm Cooper (27 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C-MbLJvPg0AC&pg=PA78"><i>Health and Wellness Tourism: Spas and Hot Springs</i></a>. Channel View Publications. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84541-363-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84541-363-7"><bdi>978-1-84541-363-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160506124014/https://books.google.com/books?id=C-MbLJvPg0AC&pg=PA78">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Health+and+Wellness+Tourism%3A+Spas+and+Hot+Springs&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=Channel+View+Publications&rft.date=2009-07-27&rft.isbn=978-1-84541-363-7&rft.au=Patricia+Erfurt-Cooper&rft.au=Malcolm+Cooper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC-MbLJvPg0AC%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShneor2012" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shneor, David (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23409916">"Geographical Descriptions of Eretz Israel in "Kaftor VaFerah" Compared to Geographical Explanations of Medieval Exegetes"</a>. <i>Cathedra: For the History of Eretz Israel and Its Yishuv</i> (in Hebrew) (143): <span class="nowrap">104–</span>105. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0334-4657">0334-4657</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cathedra%3A+For+the+History+of+Eretz+Israel+and+Its+Yishuv&rft.atitle=Geographical+Descriptions+of+Eretz+Israel+in+%22Kaftor+VaFerah%22+Compared+to+Geographical+Explanations+of+Medieval+Exegetes&rft.issue=143&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E104-%3C%2Fspan%3E105&rft.date=2012&rft.issn=0334-4657&rft.aulast=Shneor&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23409916&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thedate-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thedate_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thedate_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Everett Heath, <i>The Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names</i> (Oxford 2017) gives the date 18 CE in the entry for Tiberias. Geoffrey Bromiley in the <i>International Standard Bible Encyclopedia</i> Vol 2, 1979 gives the date 20 CE. They both say it was built where the village of Rakkat used to be.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JewishEnc2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JewishEnc2_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JewishEnc2_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=205&letter=T">"TIBERIAS – JewishEncyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.jewishencyclopedia.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328221848/http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=205&letter=T">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishencyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=TIBERIAS+%E2%80%93+JewishEncyclopedia.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Fview.jsp%3Fartid%3D205%26letter%3DT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Joshua%2019:35&version=nrsv">Joshua 19:35</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Megillah 5b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JAoJ2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JAoJ2_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Josephus, <i>Antiquities of the Jews</i> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Antiquities_of_the_Jews/Book_XVIII#Chapter_2" class="extiw" title="wikisource:The Antiquities of the Jews/Book XVIII">XVIII.2.3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Josephus, Flavius, <i>The Jewish Wars</i>, translated by William Whiston, Book 4, chapter 1, paragraph 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MDotB2-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MDotB2_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDotB2_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDotB2_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDotB2_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDotB2_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDotB2_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDotB2_18-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Mercer Dictionary of the Bible</i> Edited by Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard, Mercer University Press, (1998) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86554-373-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-86554-373-9">0-86554-373-9</a> p 917</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crossan, John Dominic (1999) <i>Birth of Christianity: Discovering What Happened in the Years Immediately After the Execution of Christ</i>. Continuum International Publishing Group, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-567-08668-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-567-08668-2">0-567-08668-2</a>, p 232</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomson, 1859, vol 2, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/landandbookorbi08thomgoog#page/n84/mode/1up">72</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Safrai Zeev (1994) <i>The Economy of Roman Palestine</i> Routledge, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-10243-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-10243-X">0-415-10243-X</a>, p 199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ERBRiP2-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ERBRiP2_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ERBRiP2_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ERBRiP2_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/269/mode/1up">269</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jewish_Encyclopedia:_Tiberias2_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=205&letter=T#ixzz0RkgRIUUe">"TIBERIAS"</a>. <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328221848/http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=205&letter=T#ixzz0RkgRIUUe">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=TIBERIAS&rft.btitle=Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Fview.jsp%3Fartid%3D205%26letter%3DT%23ixzz0RkgRIUUe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Le Strange, 1890, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/340/mode/1up">340</a>, quoting <a href="/wiki/Yaqut_al-Hamawi" title="Yaqut al-Hamawi">Yakut</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hasson2-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hasson2_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hasson2_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hasson2_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nir Hasson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/national/in-excavation-of-ancient-mosque-volunteers-dig-up-israeli-city-s-golden-age.premium-1.458874">'In excavation of ancient mosque, volunteers dig up Israeli city's Golden Age,'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120817051950/http://www.haaretz.com/news/national/in-excavation-of-ancient-mosque-volunteers-dig-up-israeli-city-s-golden-age.premium-1.458874">Archived</a> 2012-08-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at <i>Haaretz</i>, 17 August 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muk. p.161 and 185, quoted in Le Strange, 1890, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/334/mode/1up">334</a>- <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/337/mode/1up">337</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Le Strange, 1890, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/336/mode/1up">336</a>-7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard, Jean (1999) <i>The Crusades c. 1071-c 1291</i>, Cambridge University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-62369-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-62369-3">0-521-62369-3</a> p 71</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Journey of <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_of_Tudela" title="Benjamin of Tudela">Benjamin of Tudela</a> in Palestine and Syria, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1170</span>" in Yaari, p.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=36832&st=%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94&pgnum=43&hilite=">44</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200304001907/https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=36832&st=%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94&pgnum=43&hilite=">Archived</a> 2020-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LaiouMottahedeh20012-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LaiouMottahedeh20012_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAngeliki_E._LaiouRoy_P._Mottahedeh2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Angeliki_Laiou" title="Angeliki Laiou">Angeliki E. Laiou</a>; <a href="/wiki/Roy_Mottahedeh" title="Roy Mottahedeh">Roy P. Mottahedeh</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTAhPw3SjxIC&pg=PA63"><i>The Crusades from the perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim world</i></a>. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88402-277-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88402-277-0"><bdi>978-0-88402-277-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722054810/http://books.google.com/books?id=YTAhPw3SjxIC&pg=PA63">Archived</a> from the original on 22 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2010</span>. <q>This hadith is also found in the bibliographical work of the Damascene Ibn 'Asakir (d. 571/1176), although slightly modified: the four cities of paradise are Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem and Damascus; and the four cities of hell are Constantinople, Tabariyya, Antioch and San'a.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crusades+from+the+perspective+of+Byzantium+and+the+Muslim+world&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Dumbarton+Oaks&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-88402-277-0&rft.au=Angeliki+E.+Laiou&rft.au=Roy+P.+Mottahedeh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYTAhPw3SjxIC%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gil19972-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gil19972_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoshe_Gil1997" class="citation book cs1">Moshe Gil (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M0wUKoMJeccC&pg=PA175"><i>A history of Palestine, 634–1099</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 175; ft. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-59984-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-59984-9"><bdi>978-0-521-59984-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130622004720/http://books.google.com/books?id=M0wUKoMJeccC&pg=PA175">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+Palestine%2C+634%E2%80%931099&rft.pages=175%3B+ft.+49&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-521-59984-9&rft.au=Moshe+Gil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM0wUKoMJeccC%26pg%3DPA175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, John Francis. (2004) Caesarea Philippi: Banias, the Lost City of Pan I.B.Tauris, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85043-440-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-85043-440-9">1-85043-440-9</a> p 148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurckhardt1822" class="citation book cs1">Burckhardt, Johann Ludwig (1822). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R9N70FsNRNYC"><i>Travels in Syria and the Holy Land</i></a>. J. Murray. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781414283388" title="Special:BookSources/9781414283388"><bdi>9781414283388</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518182703/https://books.google.com/books?id=R9N70FsNRNYC">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2020</span>. <q>There are about four thousand inhabitants in Tabaria, one-fourth of whom are Jews… The Jews of Tiberias occupy a quarter on the shore of the lake in the middle of the town, which has lately been considerably enlarged by the purchase of several streets: it is separated from the rest of the town by a high wall, and has only one gate of entrance, which is regularly shut at sunset, after which no person is allowed to pass. There are one hundred and sixty, or two hundred families, of which forty or fifty are of Polish origin, the rest are Jews from Spain, Barbary, and different parts of Syria.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Travels+in+Syria+and+the+Holy+Land&rft.pub=J.+Murray&rft.date=1822&rft.isbn=9781414283388&rft.aulast=Burckhardt&rft.aufirst=Johann+Ludwig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR9N70FsNRNYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yaari, pp.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=36832&st=%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94&pgnum=154&hilite=155">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226095847/https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=36832&st=%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94&pgnum=154&hilite=155">Archived</a> 2020-02-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>–156</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby Green (2007). <i>Inquisition; The Reign of Fear</i>. Macmillan Press <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4050-8873-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4050-8873-2">978-1-4050-8873-2</a> pp. xv–xix.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alfassa2-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-alfassa2_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlfassá2007" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">Alfassá, Shelomo (17 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012042245/http://www.alfassa.com/contributions.pdf">"Sephardic Contributions to the Development of the State of Israel"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Alfassa.com</i>. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alfassa.com&rft.atitle=Sephardic+Contributions+to+the+Development+of+the+State+of+Israel&rft.date=2007-08-17&rft.aulast=Alfass%C3%A1&rft.aufirst=Shelomo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alfassa.com%2Fcontributions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaick, Tzvi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.donagracia.com/DonaGracia/DonaHouse/english/donagratzia.htm">Who is Dona Gracia?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110510235707/http://www.donagracia.com/DonaGracia/donahouse/english/donagratzia.htm">Archived</a> 2011-05-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The House of Dona Gracia Museum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naomi E. Pasachoff, Robert J. Littman, <i>A Concise History of the Jewish People</i>, <a href="/wiki/Lanham,_Maryland" title="Lanham, Maryland">Lanham</a>, Rowman & Littlefield, 2005, p.163</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gordon2-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gordon2_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gordon2_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gordon2_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Benjamin Lee Gordon, <i>New Judea: Jewish Life in Modern Palestine and Egypt</i>, <a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester, New Hampshire</a>, Ayer Publishing, 1977, p.209</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 188</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120309141551/http://www.angelfire.com/az/rescon/mgcdruze.html">"The Druze of the Levant"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angelfire.com/az/rescon/mgcdruze.html">the original</a> on 9 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Druze+of+the+Levant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.angelfire.com%2Faz%2Frescon%2Fmgcdruze.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joel Rappel, History of Eretz Israel from Prehistory up to 1882 (1980), Vol.2, p.531. 'In 1662 Sabbathai Sevi arrived to Jerusalem. It was the time when the Jewish settlements of Galilee were destroyed by the Druze: Tiberias was completely desolate and only a few of former Safed residents had returned..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barnay, Y. The Jews in Palestine in the eighteenth century: under the patronage of the Istanbul Committee of Officials for Palestine (University of Alabama Press 1992) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-0572-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-0572-7">978-0-8173-0572-7</a> p. 149</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sidney Mendelssohn. <i>The Jews of Asia: Especially in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century</i>. (1920) p.241. "Long before the culmination of Sabbathai's mad career, Safed had been destroyed by the Arabs and the Jews had suffered severely, while in the same year (1660) there was a great fire in Constantinople in which they endured heavy losses ..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gershom Gerhard Scholem (1976-01-01). <i>Sabbatai Sevi: The Mystical Messiah, 1626–1676</i>. Princeton University Press. p. 368. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01809-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01809-6">978-0-691-01809-6</a>. "In Safed, too, the [Sabbatai] movement gathered strength during the autumn of 1665. The reports about the utter destruction, in 1662  [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>], of the Jewish settlement there seem greatly exaggerated, and the conclusions based on them are false. ... Rosanes' account of the destruction of the Safed community is based on a misunderstanding of his sources; the community declined in numbers but continued to exist."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pococke, 1745, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/gri_33125009339611#page/n99/mode/1up">68</a>–70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAmnon_Cohen1975" class="citation book cs1">Amnon Cohen (1975). <i>Palestine in the 18th Century</i>. Magnes Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">34–</span>36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59045-955-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-59045-955-5"><bdi>1-59045-955-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Palestine+in+the+18th+Century&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E34-%3C%2Fspan%3E36&rft.pub=Magnes+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=1-59045-955-5&rft.au=Amnon+Cohen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moammar, Tawfiq (1990), <i>Zahir Al Omar</i>, Al Hakim Printing Press, Nazareth, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JS2-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JS2_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JS2_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JS2_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JS2_49-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Joseph Schwarz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewish-history.com/palestine/tiberias.html">Descriptive Geography and Brief Historical Sketch of Palestine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180720195032/http://www.jewish-history.com/palestine/tiberias.html">Archived</a> 2018-07-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 1850</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Jews in Palestine in the Eighteenth Century: Under the Patronage of the Istanbul Committee of Officials for Palestine</i>, Y. Barnay, translated by Naomi Goldblum, University of Alabama Press, 1992, p. 15, 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Jews: Their History, Culture, and Religion</i>, Louis Finkelstein, Edition: 3 Harper, New York, 1960, p. 659</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parfitt, Tudor (1987) <i>The Jews in Palestine, 1800–1882</i>. Royal Historical Society studies in history (52). Woodbridge: Published for the Royal Historical Society by Boydell</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lynch, 1850, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/narrativeunited02lyncgoog#page/n304/mode/1up">154</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAshkenazi2009" class="citation web cs1">Ashkenazi, Eli (27 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/1.4705492">"Crumbling Tiberias Synagogue to Regain Its Former Glory"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212143609/https://www.haaretz.com/1.4705492">Archived</a> from the original on 12 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Crumbling+Tiberias+Synagogue+to+Regain+Its+Former+Glory&rft.date=2009-12-27&rft.aulast=Ashkenazi&rft.aufirst=Eli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2F1.4705492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barronp6-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barronp6_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barronp6_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Barron, 1923, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n8/mode/1up">6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFŚegev2001" class="citation book cs1">Śegev, Tom (2001). <i>One Palestine, complete: Jews and Arabs under the British mandate</i>. An Owl book (1. Owl Books ed.). New York: Holt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-6587-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-6587-9"><bdi>978-0-8050-6587-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+Palestine%2C+complete%3A+Jews+and+Arabs+under+the+British+mandate&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=An+Owl+book&rft.edition=1.+Owl+Books&rft.pub=Holt&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8050-6587-9&rft.aulast=%C5%9Aegev&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCohen2015" class="citation book cs1">Cohen, Hillel (2015). <i>Year Zero of the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1929</i>. The Schusterman series in Israel studies. Translated by Watzman, Haim. Waltham, Massachusetts: Brandeis University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61168-812-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61168-812-2"><bdi>978-1-61168-812-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Year+Zero+of+the+Arab-Israeli+Conflict+1929&rft.place=Waltham%2C+Massachusetts&rft.series=The+Schusterman+series+in+Israel+studies&rft.pub=Brandeis+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-61168-812-2&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Hillel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mandated landscape: British imperial rule in Palestine, 1929–1948, Roza El-Eini, (Routledge, 2006) p. 250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Changing Land: Between the Jordan and the Sea: Aerial Photographs from 1917 to the Present</i>, Benjamin Z. Kedar, Wayne State University Press, 2000, p. 198</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiana.edu/~league/1938.htm">"United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(.JPG)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190608153227/http://www.indiana.edu/~league/1938.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+Nations+Information+System+on+the+Question+of+Palestine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiana.edu%2F~league%2F1938.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTal2004" class="citation book cs1">Tal, David (24 June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vs2PAgAAQBAJ&dq=tiberias+cut+off+road+1948&pg=PA108"><i>War in Palestine, 1948: Israeli and Arab Strategy and Diplomacy</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-77513-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-77513-1"><bdi>978-1-135-77513-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+in+Palestine%2C+1948%3A+Israeli+and+Arab+Strategy+and+Diplomacy&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004-06-24&rft.isbn=978-1-135-77513-1&rft.aulast=Tal&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVs2PAgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dtiberias%2Bcut%2Boff%2Broad%2B1948%26pg%3DPA108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-morris1832-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-morris1832_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morris1832_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-morris1832_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Morris, 2004, pp. 183–185</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harry Levin, <i>Jerusalem Embattled – A diary of a city under siege.</i> Cassel, 1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-304-33765-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-304-33765-X">0-304-33765-X</a>., p.81: 'Extraordinary news from Tiberias. The whole Arab population has fled. Last night the Haganah blew up the Arab bands' headquarters there; this morning the Jews woke up to see a panic flight in progress. By tonight not one of the 6,000 Arabs remained.' (19 April).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M Gilbert, p. 172</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gilbert, p. 245</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abasi-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-abasi_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://in.bgu.ac.il/bgi/iyunim/19/mustafa.pdf">"The destruction of the old city in Tiberias, 1948-1949"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Hebrew). Ben Gurion University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+destruction+of+the+old+city+in+Tiberias%2C+1948-1949&rft.pub=Ben+Gurion+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fin.bgu.ac.il%2Fbgi%2Fiyunim%2F19%2Fmustafa.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ypaz-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ypaz_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://files.ybz.org.il/periodicals/Cathedra/88/Article_88.9.pdf">"Preservation of architechtural heritage in the abandoned neighborhoods after the Independence War"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Hebrew). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Oriental+Communities+in+Israel+1948-2003&rft.pages=35&rft.au=Jeremy+Allouche&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoczz.fr%2Fdoc%2F96608%2Fthe-oriental-communities-in-israel--1948-2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M.Gilbert, p.566, 578</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kineret.org.il/miflasim/?fromdate=1989-01-10&todate=2023-08-10&maxmiflas=-208&minmiflas=-215&Frequency=daily&submitGraph=+%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%92+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A3+#graph">"מפלס הכינרת"</a>. <i>kineret.org.il</i> (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230810143054/https://kineret.org.il/miflasim/?fromdate=1989-01-10&todate=2023-08-10&maxmiflas=-208&minmiflas=-215&Frequency=daily&submitGraph=+%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%92+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A3+">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kineret.org.il&rft.atitle=%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%A1+%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%AA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkineret.org.il%2Fmiflasim%2F%3Ffromdate%3D1989-01-10%26todate%3D2023-08-10%26maxmiflas%3D-208%26minmiflas%3D-215%26Frequency%3Ddaily%26submitGraph%3D%2B%25D7%2594%25D7%25A6%25D7%2592%2B%25D7%2590%25D7%25AA%2B%25D7%2594%25D7%2592%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A3%2B%23graph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/new-ultra-orthodox-neighborhood-to-be-built-in-israel-s-north-1.422255">New ultra-Orthodox neighborhood to be built in Israel's north</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120518170344/http://www.haaretz.com/news/features/new-ultra-orthodox-neighborhood-to-be-built-in-israel-s-north-1.422255">Archived</a> 2012-05-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Apr. 3, 2012, Haaretz</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2022/local_authorities20_1879/138_6700.pdf">"Central Bureau of Statistics - local authorities"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Central+Bureau+of+Statistics+-+local+authorities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbs.gov.il%2Fhe%2Fpublications%2Fdoclib%2F2022%2Flocal_authorities20_1879%2F138_6700.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shachmon_2019-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shachmon_2019_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShachmonMack2019" class="citation journal cs1">Shachmon, Ori; Mack, Merav (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343">"The Lebanese in Israel – Language, Religion and Identity"</a>. <i>Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft</i>. <b>169</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">343–</span>366. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.13173%2Fzeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343">10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0341-0137">0341-0137</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343">10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:211647029">211647029</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zeitschrift+der+Deutschen+Morgenl%C3%A4ndischen+Gesellschaft&rft.atitle=The+Lebanese+in+Israel+%E2%80%93+Language%2C+Religion+and+Identity&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E343-%3C%2Fspan%3E366&rft.date=2019&rft.issn=0341-0137&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A211647029%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.13173%2Fzeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.13173%2Fzeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343&rft.aulast=Shachmon&rft.aufirst=Ori&rft.au=Mack%2C+Merav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.13173%2Fzeitdeutmorggese.169.2.0343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Lewis, Bernard</a> (1954), Studies in the Ottoman archives—I, <i>Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London</i>, Vol. 16, pp 469–501.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 188</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJolliffe2018" class="citation web cs1">Jolliffe, Thomas Robert (11 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lettersfrompales00jollrich">"Letters from Palestine, descriptive of a tour through Gallilee and Judaea, with some account of the Dead Sea, and of the present state of Jerusalem"</a>. 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Black – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letters+from+Palestine%2C+descriptive+of+a+tour+through+Gallilee+and+Judaea%2C+with+some+account+of+the+Dead+Sea%2C+and+of+the+present+state+of+Jerusalem&rft.pub=London%2C+J.+Black&rft.date=2018-02-11&rft.aulast=Jolliffe&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flettersfrompales00jollrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gC1QXYDYMg0C&pg=PA471">The Penny cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: v. 1–27, Volume 23</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200117183759/https://books.google.com/books?id=gC1QXYDYMg0C&pg=PA471">Archived</a> 2020-01-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, C. Knight, 1842.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">M.Gilbert, Israel: A History (1998), p.3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, William (1863) <i>A Dictionary of the Bible: Comprising Its Antiquities, Biography, and Natural History</i> Little, Brown, p 149</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schumacher, 1888, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme19pale#page/n210/mode/1up">185</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CE2-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CE2_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14716a.htm">"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Tiberias"</a>. <i>www.newadvent.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091029210404/http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14716a.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.newadvent.org&rft.atitle=CATHOLIC+ENCYCLOPEDIA%3A+Tiberias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F14716a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mills, 1932, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas">?</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Village Statistics, 1945</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Tiberias">"Tiberias | Israel | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Researchers+Say+Tiberias+Basilica+May+Have+Housed+Sanhedrin&rft.date=2004-03-22&rft.aulast=Ashkenazi&rft.aufirst=Eli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fnews%2Fresearchers-say-tiberias-basilica-may-have-housed-sanhedrin-1.117483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/MAGAZINE-builders-accidentally-discover-roman-era-jewish-catacomb-in-israel-1.6167799">"Builders accidentally discover Roman-era catacomb of rich Jewish family in northern Israel"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180613234353/https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/MAGAZINE-builders-accidentally-discover-roman-era-jewish-catacomb-in-israel-1.6167799">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Remnants+of+mosque+from+earliest+decades+of+Islam+found+in+Israel&rft.date=2021-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2021%2Fjan%2F28%2Fremnants-of-mosque-from-earliest-decades-of-islam-found-in-israel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/sea-galilee-archaeologists-ruins-early-155953029.html">"By Sea of Galilee, archaeologists find ruins of early mosque"</a>. <i>news.yahoo.com</i>. 28 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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World Weather Information Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170516071448/http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/home.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tiberias+1981-2010+Climate+Normals&rft.pub=World+Weather+Information+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldweather.wmo.int%2Fen%2Fhome.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Haim_Watzman" title="Haim Watzman">Watzman, Haim</a> (29 May 2007). <i>A Crack in the Earth: A Journey Up Israel's Rift Valley</i>. 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United With Israel.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.jpost.com/C001/Demo/gal/isr_guide/north/tiberias.html">Tiberias – Walking with the sages in Tiberias</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112183251/http://info.jpost.com/C001/Demo/gal/isr_guide/north/tiberias.html">Archived</a> 2012-01-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UoDArchiveMS38-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UoDArchiveMS38_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.dundee.ac.uk/ms-38">"Collection MS 38 - Torrance Collection"</a>. <i>Archive Services Catalogue</i>. 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The Scots Hotel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180325004049/http://www.inisrael.com/scotshotels/history.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tiberias.muni.il&rft.atitle=%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D%D7%AA%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiberias.muni.il%2FAbout%2FPages%2Ftwin-cities.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBarron,_J.B.1923" class="citation book cs1">Barron, J.B., ed. 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(1932). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas"><i>Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas</i></a>. 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Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">299–</span>306. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-727011-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-727011-0"><bdi>978-0-19-727011-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210528163040/https://www.academia.edu/21620272/Gazetteer_6_S_Z">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Vol. II. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-39037-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-39037-0"><bdi>0-521-39037-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160504150503/https://books.google.com/books?id=2Y0tA0xLzwEC&pg=PA351">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Churches+of+the+Crusader+Kingdom+of+Jerusalem%3A+L-Z+%28excluding+Tyre%29&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-521-39037-0&rft.aulast=Pringle&rft.aufirst=D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Y0tA0xLzwEC%26pg%3DPA351&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="p.269" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Robinson_(scholar)" title="Edward Robinson (scholar)">Robinson, E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Eli_Smith" title="Eli Smith">Smith, E.</a> (1841). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/269/mode/1up"><i>Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838</i></a>. Vol. 3. Boston: <a href="/wiki/Crocker_%26_Brewster" title="Crocker & Brewster">Crocker & Brewster</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biblical+Researches+in+Palestine%2C+Mount+Sinai+and+Arabia+Petraea%3A+A+Journal+of+Travels+in+the+year+1838&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Crocker+%26+Brewster&rft.date=1841&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=Smith%2C+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fbiblicalresearch03robiuoft%23page%2F269%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchumacher1888" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gottlieb_Schumacher" title="Gottlieb Schumacher">Schumacher, G.</a> (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale">"Population list of the Liwa of Akka"</a>. <i>Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund</i>. <b>20</b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale/page/169">169</a>–191.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quarterly+Statement+-+Palestine+Exploration+Fund&rft.atitle=Population+list+of+the+Liwa+of+Akka&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=169-191&rft.date=1888&rft.aulast=Schumacher&rft.aufirst=G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fquarterlystateme19pale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="p.432" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_McClure_Thomson" title="William McClure Thomson">Thomson, W.M.</a> (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/landandbookorbi05thomgoog#page/n443/mode/1up"><i>The Land and the Book: Or, Biblical Illustrations Drawn from the Manners and Customs, the Scenes and Scenery, of the Holy Land</i></a>. Vol. 1 (1 ed.). New York: Harper & Brothers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Land+and+the+Book%3A+Or%2C+Biblical+Illustrations+Drawn+from+the+Manners+and+Customs%2C+the+Scenes+and+Scenery%2C+of+the+Holy+Land&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=W.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Flandandbookorbi05thomgoog%23page%2Fn443%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomson1859" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_McClure_Thomson" title="William McClure Thomson">Thomson, W.M.</a> (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/landandbookorbi08thomgoog"><i>The Land and the Book: Or, Biblical Illustrations Drawn from the Manners and Customs, the Scenes and Scenery, of the Holy Land</i></a>. Vol. 2 (1 ed.). New York: Harper & Brothers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Land+and+the+Book%3A+Or%2C+Biblical+Illustrations+Drawn+from+the+Manners+and+Customs%2C+the+Scenes+and+Scenery%2C+of+the+Holy+Land&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft.date=1859&rft.aulast=Thomson&rft.aufirst=W.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flandandbookorbi08thomgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYaari1946" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yaari, Abraham (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=36832&st=%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94&pgnum=1&hilite="><i>מסעות ארץ ישראל: של עולים יהודים מימי הביניים ועד ראשית ימי שיבת ציון: קיבוצם וביאורם - "Eretz Yisrael Journeys: of Jewish Pilgrims From The Middle Ages and Until the Beginning of the Return to Zion: Collection and Explanation"</i></a> (in Hebrew). Tel Aviv: Gazit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200311204822/https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=36832&st=%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94&pgnum=1&hilite=">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5+%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C%3A+%D7%A9%D7%9C+%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99+%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%93+%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99+%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%91%D7%AA+%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F%3A+%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%9D+%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9D+-+%22Eretz+Yisrael+Journeys%3A+of+Jewish+Pilgrims+From+The+Middle+Ages+and+Until+the+Beginning+of+the+Return+to+Zion%3A+Collection+and+Explanation%22&rft.place=Tel+Aviv&rft.pub=Gazit&rft.date=1946&rft.aulast=Yaari&rft.aufirst=Abraham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hebrewbooks.org%2Fpdfpager.aspx%3Freq%3D36832%26st%3D%25D7%2598%25D7%2591%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%2594%26pgnum%3D1%26hilite%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span> copied and uploaded at "hebrewbooks.org"</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tiberias" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tiberias">Tiberias</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Tiberias#Q151920" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Tiberias">Tiberias</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Tiberias-Sea-of-Galilee/782897771803667?fref=ts"><i>the official English Facebook page of Tiberias</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=the+official+English+Facebook+page+of+Tiberias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fpages%2FTiberias-Sea-of-Galilee%2F782897771803667%3Ffref%3Dts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATiberias" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tiberias.muni.il/">City council website</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Hebrew)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110808074551/http://www.tiberias.muni.il/openningEng.asp">Municipality Site in English</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kayak.com/Tiberias.12463.guide">Tiberias Travel Guide</a> (English)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tiberiasexcavation.com/">Tiberias – City of Treasures: The official website of the Tiberias Excavation Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090729080529/http://my-country-israel.com/en/North_Kineret/Park-Hamat_Tiberias_National_Park.aspx">Hamat Tiberias National Park</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>: description, photo gallery</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nbn.org.il/component/content/article/1820-tiveria.html">Nefesh B'Nefesh Community Guide for Tiveria-Tiberias, Israel</a></li> <li>Survey of Western Palestine, Map 6: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8369">IAA</a>, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.06.jpg" class="extiw" title="c:File:Survey of Western Palestine 1880.06.jpg">Wikimedia commons</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://merhav.nli.org.il/primo-explore/search?query=any,contains,%22tiberias%20%20map&tab=default_tab&search_scope=Local&sortby=lso01&vid=NLI&mfacet=rtype,include,Maps,1&mfacet=topic,include,Tiberias%20(Israel),1&mfacet=tlevel,include,online_resources,1&lang=en_US&offset=0&came_from=sort">Old maps and views of Tiberias (1493-1963)</a> - Eran Laor Cartographic Collection, The <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tiberias.sadot-irrigation.com">Ancient Tiberias</a> - a site dedicated to the preservation of Ancient Tiberias (Hebrew).</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Northern_District_(Israel)" title="Template:Northern District (Israel)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Northern_District_(Israel)" title="Template talk:Northern District (Israel)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Northern_District_(Israel)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Northern District (Israel)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Northern_District_of_Israel182" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Northern_District_(Israel)" title="Northern District (Israel)">Northern District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_council_(Israel)" title="City council (Israel)">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afula" title="Afula">Afula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_She%27an" title="Beit She'an">Beit She'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmiel" title="Karmiel">Karmiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Shmona" title="Kiryat Shmona">Kiryat Shmona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27alot-Tarshiha" title="Ma'alot-Tarshiha">Ma'alot-Tarshiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghar,_Israel" title="Maghar, Israel">Maghar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migdal_HaEmek" title="Migdal HaEmek">Migdal HaEmek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahariya" title="Nahariya">Nahariya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth" title="Nazareth">Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nof_HaGalil" title="Nof HaGalil">Nof HaGalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhnin" title="Sakhnin">Sakhnin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shefa-%27Amr" class="mw-redirect" title="Shefa-'Amr">Shefa-'Amr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamra" title="Tamra">Tamra</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tiberias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokneam_Illit" title="Yokneam Illit">Yokneam Illit</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Northern_District_in_Israel_(%2Bdisputed_hatched).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Northern_District_in_Israel_%28%2Bdisputed_hatched%29.svg/50px-Northern_District_in_Israel_%28%2Bdisputed_hatched%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Northern_District_in_Israel_%28%2Bdisputed_hatched%29.svg/75px-Northern_District_in_Israel_%28%2Bdisputed_hatched%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Northern_District_in_Israel_%28%2Bdisputed_hatched%29.svg/100px-Northern_District_in_Israel_%28%2Bdisputed_hatched%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="1141" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_council_(Israel)" title="Local council (Israel)">Local councils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Snan" title="Abu Snan">Abu Snan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arraba,_Israel" title="Arraba, Israel">Arraba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basmat_Tab%27un" title="Basmat Tab'un">Basmat Tab'un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beitegen" class="mw-redirect" title="Beitegen">Beitegen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bi%27ina" title="Bi'ina">Bi'ina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_al-Maksur" title="Bir al-Maksur">Bir al-Maksur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%27eine_Nujeidat" title="Bu'eine Nujeidat">Bu'eine Nujeidat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daburiyya" title="Daburiyya">Daburiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_al-Asad" title="Deir al-Asad">Deir al-Asad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_Hanna" title="Deir Hanna">Deir Hanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eilabun" title="Eilabun">Eilabun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Mahil" title="Ein Mahil">Ein Mahil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fassuta" title="Fassuta">Fassuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurfeish" title="Hurfeish">Hurfeish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatzor_HaGlilit" title="Hatzor HaGlilit">Hatzor HaGlilit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%27billin" title="I'billin">I'billin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iksal" title="Iksal">Iksal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilut" title="Ilut">Ilut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadeidi-Makr" title="Jadeidi-Makr">Jadeidi-Makr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jish" title="Jish">Jish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julis" title="Julis">Julis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%27abiyye-Tabbash-Hajajre" title="Ka'abiyye-Tabbash-Hajajre">Ka'abiyye-Tabbash-Hajajre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabul,_Israel" title="Kabul, Israel">Kabul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Kanna" title="Kafr Kanna">Kafr Kanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Manda" title="Kafr Manda">Kafr Manda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Yasif" title="Kafr Yasif">Kafr Yasif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaukab_Abu_al-Hija" title="Kaukab Abu al-Hija">Kaukab Abu al-Hija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Kama" title="Kfar Kama">Kfar Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Tavor" title="Kfar Tavor">Kfar Tavor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Vradim" title="Kfar Vradim">Kfar Vradim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisra-Sumei" title="Kisra-Sumei">Kisra-Sumei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majd_al-Krum" title="Majd al-Krum">Majd al-Krum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashhad,_Israel" title="Mashhad, Israel">Mashhad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazra%27a" title="Mazra'a">Mazra'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metula" title="Metula">Metula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migdal,_Israel" title="Migdal, Israel">Migdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%27ilya" title="Mi'ilya">Mi'ilya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahf" title="Nahf">Nahf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peki%27in" title="Peki'in">Peki'in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Yishai" title="Ramat Yishai">Ramat Yishai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rameh" title="Rameh">Rameh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reineh" title="Reineh">Reineh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosh_Pinna" title="Rosh Pinna">Rosh Pinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sajur" title="Sajur">Sajur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha%27ab,_Israel" title="Sha'ab, Israel">Sha'ab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomi,_Israel" title="Shlomi, Israel">Shlomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shibli%E2%80%93Umm_al-Ghanam" title="Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam">Shibli–Umm al-Ghanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuba-Zangariyye" title="Tuba-Zangariyye">Tuba-Zangariyye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tur%27an" title="Tur'an">Tur'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yafa_an-Naseriyye" title="Yafa an-Naseriyye">Yafa an-Naseriyye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanuh-Jat" title="Yanuh-Jat">Yanuh-Jat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarka" title="Yarka">Yarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavne%27el" title="Yavne'el">Yavne'el</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesud_HaMa%27ala" title="Yesud HaMa'ala">Yesud HaMa'ala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarzir" title="Zarzir">Zarzir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buq%27ata" title="Buq'ata">Buq'ata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Qiniyye" title="Ein Qiniyye">Ein Qiniyye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghajar" title="Ghajar">Ghajar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majdal_Shams" title="Majdal Shams">Majdal Shams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas%27ade" title="Mas'ade">Mas'ade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katzrin" title="Katzrin">Katzrin</a> (Israeli settlement)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regional_council_(Israel)" title="Regional council (Israel)">Regional councils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Batuf_Regional_Council" title="Al-Batuf Regional Council">Al-Batuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emek_HaMaayanot_Regional_Council" title="Emek HaMaayanot Regional Council">Beit She'an Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bustan_al-Marj_Regional_Council" title="Bustan al-Marj Regional Council">Bustan al-Marj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emek_HaYarden_Regional_Council" title="Emek HaYarden Regional Council">Northern Jordan Valley (Emek HaYarden)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilboa_Regional_Council" title="Gilboa Regional Council">Gilboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jezreel_Valley_Regional_Council" title="Jezreel Valley Regional Council">Jezreel Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Galilee_Regional_Council" title="Lower Galilee Regional Council">Lower Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27ale_Yosef_Regional_Council" title="Ma'ale Yosef Regional Council">Ma'ale Yosef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mateh_Asher_Regional_Council" title="Mateh Asher Regional Council">Mateh Asher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megiddo_Regional_Council" title="Megiddo Regional Council">Megiddo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merom_HaGalil_Regional_Council" title="Merom HaGalil Regional Council">Merom HaGalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mevo%27ot_HaHermon_Regional_Council" title="Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council">Mevo'ot HaHermon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misgav_Regional_Council" title="Misgav Regional Council">Misgav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Galilee_Regional_Council" title="Upper Galilee Regional Council">Upper Galilee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golan_Regional_Council" title="Golan Regional Council">Golan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Israeli_cities115" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Largest_Israeli_cities" title="Template:Largest Israeli cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Largest_Israeli_cities" title="Template talk:Largest Israeli cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Largest_Israeli_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Largest Israeli cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Israeli_cities115" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Israel" title="List of cities in Israel">Israeli cities</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">300,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> <small>(East, West)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–299,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashdod" title="Ashdod">Ashdod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beersheba" title="Beersheba">Beersheba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bnei_Brak" title="Bnei Brak">Bnei Brak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netanya" title="Netanya">Netanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva">Petah Tikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishon_LeZion" title="Rishon LeZion">Rishon LeZion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000–199,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashkelon" title="Ashkelon">Ashkelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_Yam" title="Bat Yam">Bat Yam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Shemesh" title="Beit Shemesh">Beit Shemesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadera" title="Hadera">Hadera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzliya" title="Herzliya">Herzliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holon" title="Holon">Holon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Saba" title="Kfar Saba">Kfar Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modi%27in-Maccabim-Re%27ut" title="Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut">Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Gan" title="Ramat Gan">Ramat Gan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehovot" title="Rehovot">Rehovot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">50,000–99,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afula" title="Afula">Afula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eilat" title="Eilat">Eilat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El%27ad" title="El'ad">El'ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givatayim" title="Givatayim">Givatayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hod_HaSharon" title="Hod HaSharon">Hod HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Ata" title="Kiryat Ata">Kiryat Ata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Gat" title="Kiryat Gat">Kiryat Gat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lod" title="Lod">Lod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahariya" title="Nahariya">Nahariya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth" title="Nazareth">Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_Ziona" title="Ness Ziona">Ness Ziona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27anana" title="Ra'anana">Ra'anana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahat" title="Rahat">Rahat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramla" title="Ramla">Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netivot" title="Netivot">Netivot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosh_HaAyin" title="Rosh HaAyin">Rosh HaAyin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tiberias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_al-Fahm" title="Umm al-Fahm">Umm al-Fahm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavne" title="Yavne">Yavne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15,000–49,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arad,_Israel" title="Arad, Israel">Arad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arraba,_Israel" title="Arraba, Israel">Arraba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baqa_al-Gharbiyye" title="Baqa al-Gharbiyye">Baqa al-Gharbiyye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_She%27an" title="Beit She'an">Beit She'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimona" title="Dimona">Dimona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giv%27at_Shmuel" title="Giv'at Shmuel">Giv'at Shmuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Qasim" title="Kafr Qasim">Kafr Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmiel" title="Karmiel">Karmiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Yona" title="Kfar Yona">Kfar Yona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Bialik" title="Kiryat Bialik">Kiryat Bialik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Malakhi" title="Kiryat Malakhi">Kiryat Malakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Motzkin" title="Kiryat Motzkin">Kiryat Motzkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Ono" title="Kiryat Ono">Kiryat Ono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Shmona" title="Kiryat Shmona">Kiryat Shmona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Yam" title="Kiryat Yam">Kiryat Yam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27alot-Tarshiha" title="Ma'alot-Tarshiha">Ma'alot-Tarshiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migdal_HaEmek" title="Migdal HaEmek">Migdal HaEmek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesher" title="Nesher">Nesher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nof_HaGalil" title="Nof HaGalil">Nof HaGalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ofakim" title="Ofakim">Ofakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Or_Akiva" title="Or Akiva">Or Akiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Or_Yehuda" title="Or Yehuda">Or Yehuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalansawe" title="Qalansawe">Qalansawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_HaSharon" title="Ramat HaSharon">Ramat HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhnin" title="Sakhnin">Sakhnin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sderot" title="Sderot">Sderot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shefa-Amr" title="Shefa-Amr">Shefa-Amr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamra" title="Tamra">Tamra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayibe" title="Tayibe">Tayibe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tira,_Israel" title="Tira, Israel">Tira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirat_Carmel" title="Tirat Carmel">Tirat Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehud-Monosson" title="Yehud-Monosson">Yehud-Monosson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokneam_Illit" title="Yokneam Illit">Yokneam Illit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Holy_places_in_Judaism139" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Holy_places_in_Judaism" title="Template:Holy places in Judaism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Holy_places_in_Judaism" title="Template talk:Holy places in Judaism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Holy_places_in_Judaism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Holy places in Judaism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Holy_places_in_Judaism139" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Holy_places#Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy places">Holy places</a> in <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Holy Land</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Land_of_Israel(Laws_and_customs)96" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Israel" title="Land of Israel">Land of Israel</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Laws_and_customs_of_the_Land_of_Israel_in_Judaism" title="Laws and customs of the Land of Israel in Judaism">Laws and customs</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Holy_cities38" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Holy_cities_of_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy cities of Judaism">Holy cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Jerusalem(Holiness)54" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Judaism" title="Jerusalem in Judaism">Holiness</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Temple_inJerusalem48" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Temple_in_Jerusalem" title="Temple in Jerusalem">Temple in<br />Jerusalem</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_Stone" title="Foundation Stone">Foundation Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_of_Holies" title="Holy of Holies">Holy of Holies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Mount" title="Temple Mount">Temple Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tiberias</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_biblical_figures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of burial places of biblical figures">Tombs of<br />biblical figures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Matriarchs" title="Tomb of the Matriarchs">Matriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Benjamin" title="Tomb of Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David%27s_Tomb" title="David's Tomb">David</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_the_Patriarchs" title="Cave of the Patriarchs">Patriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel%27s_Tomb" title="Rachel's Tomb">Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph%27s_Tomb" title="Joseph's Tomb">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Joshua" title="Tomb of Joshua">Joshua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Samuel" title="Tomb of Samuel">Samuel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Aaron" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Aaron">Aaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel%27s_Tomb" title="Ezekiel's Tomb">Ezekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Daniel" title="Tomb of Daniel">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum#Tomb" title="Nahum">Nahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra%27s_Tomb" title="Ezra's Tomb">Ezra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_the_High_Priest#Tomb" title="Joshua the High Priest">Joshua the High Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Esther_and_Mordechai" title="Tomb of Esther and Mordechai">Esther and Mordechai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Crusader_sites811" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Crusader_sites" title="Template:Crusader sites"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Crusader_sites" title="Template talk:Crusader sites"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Crusader_sites" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Crusader sites"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Crusader_sites811" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusader</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Crusader_castles" title="List of Crusader castles">sites</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Sorted_by_modern_states,_with_crusader_names_in_parentheses_()145">Sorted by modern states, with crusader <i>names in parentheses</i> ()</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Crusader_castles#Cyprus" title="List of Crusader castles">More</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Crusader_castles#Egypt" title="List of Crusader castles">More</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Crusader_castles#Greece" title="List of Crusader castles">More</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedictine_monastery_in_Abu_Ghosh" title="Benedictine monastery in Abu Ghosh">Abu Ghosh</a> (<i>Fontenoid</i>) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achziv" title="Achziv">Achziv</a> (<i>Casal Imbertia</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/15px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/23px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/30px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel#Knights'_Halls" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a> (<i>Saint Jean d'Acre</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/15px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/23px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/30px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollonia%E2%80%93Arsuf" title="Apollonia–Arsuf">Apollonia–Arsuf</a> (<i>Arsur</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascalon" title="Ascalon">Ascalon</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chastelet" title="Chastelet">Ateret Fortress</a> (<a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jacob%27s_Ford" title="Siege of Jacob's Ford">siege</a>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazur" title="Yazur">Yazur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_%27Itab" title="Bayt 'Itab">Bayt 'Itab</a> (<i>Bethaatap</i>) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg/20px-Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg/40px-Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_Jibrin" title="Bayt Jibrin">Bayt Jibrin</a> (<i>Beth Gibelin</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_She%27an" title="Beit She'an">Beit She'an</a> (<i>Bethsan</i>) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belvoir_Castle_(Israel)" title="Belvoir Castle (Israel)">Belvoir Fortress</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgata" title="Burgata">Burgata</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima" title="Caesarea Maritima">Caesarea Maritima</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafarlet" title="Cafarlet">Cafarlet</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_P%C3%A8lerin" title="Château Pèlerin">Château Pèlerin</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Destroit" title="Le Destroit">Destroit</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Burj,_Ramle" title="Al-Burj, Ramle">Castle Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Hemed" title="Ein Hemed">Ein Hemed</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Jerusalem_during_the_Crusader_period" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Jerusalem during the Crusader period">Jerusalem</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg/20px-Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg/40px-Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lazarus_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lazarus_cross.svg/17px-Lazarus_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lazarus_cross.svg/26px-Lazarus_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lazarus_cross.svg/34px-Lazarus_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/15px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/23px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/30px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a> (<i>Caypha</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latrun" title="Latrun">Latrun</a> (<i>Toron</i>) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunin" title="Hunin">Hunin</a> (<i>Château Neuf</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%27ilya" title="Mi'ilya">Mi'ilya</a> (<i>Castellum Regis</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/15px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/23px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/30px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migdal_Afek" title="Migdal Afek">Migdal Afek</a> (<i>Mirabel</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montfort_Castle" title="Montfort Castle">Montfort</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/15px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/23px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/30px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalansawe" title="Qalansawe">Qalansawe</a> (<i>Calanson</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaqun" title="Qaqun">Qaqun</a> (<i>Caco</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qastal,_Jerusalem" title="Al-Qastal, Jerusalem">Qastal</a> (<i>Beauverium</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qula" title="Qula">Qula</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a> (<i>Saphet</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taibe,_Galilee" title="Taibe, Galilee">Taibe</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Afek" title="Tel Afek">Tel Afek</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Hanaton" title="Tel Hanaton">Tel Hanaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_es-Safi" title="Tell es-Safi">Tell es-Safi</a> (<i>Blanche Garde</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Tanninim" title="Tel Tanninim">Tel Tanninim (<i>Torin Selin</i>)</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suba,_Jerusalem" title="Suba, Jerusalem">Suba</a> (<i>Belmont</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Yokneam" title="Tel Yokneam">Tel Yokneam</a> (<i>Caymont</i>) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yibna" title="Yibna">Yavne</a> (<i>Ibelin</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tiberias</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepphoris" title="Sepphoris">Sepphoris</a> (<i>La Sephorie</i>) <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Khalid" title="Umm Khalid">Umm Khalid</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem"><img alt="Kingdom of Jerusalem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khirbat_Jiddin" title="Khirbat Jiddin">Khirbat Jiddin</a> (<i>Judin</i>) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/15px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/23px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/30px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajloun_Castle" title="Ajloun Castle">Ajloun Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerak_Castle" title="Kerak Castle">Kerak Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_(castle)" title="Montreal (castle)">Montreal</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafilah" title="Tafilah">Tafilah</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu%27ayra_Castle" title="Wu'ayra Castle">Vaux Moise</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arqa" title="Arqa">Arqa</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batroun" title="Batroun">Batroun</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaufort_Castle,_Lebanon" title="Beaufort Castle, Lebanon">Beaufort Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beirut_Castle" title="Beirut Castle">Beirut Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belhacem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belhacem (page does not exist)">Belhacem</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byblos_Castle" title="Byblos Castle">Byblos Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadel_of_Tripoli" title="Citadel of Tripoli">Citadel of Tripoli</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaqra,_Lebanon#Doubay_or_'Qal'at_ad-Dubba" title="Shaqra, Lebanon">Dubay Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibelacar" title="Gibelacar">Gibelacar</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coliath" title="Coliath">Coliath</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_Kifa#Castle" title="Deir Kifa">Deir Kifa Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasbaya#The_Citadel" title="Hasbaya">Hasbaya Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moinetre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moinetre (page does not exist)">Moinetre</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mseilha_Fort" title="Mseilha Fort">Puy du Connétable, Castrum Constabularii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfeh" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfeh">Nephin</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_Castle" title="Saint Louis Castle">Saint Louis Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandelion_Castle" title="Scandelion Castle">Scandelion Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidon_Sea_Castle" title="Sidon Sea Castle">Sidon Sea Castle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toron" title="Toron">Toron</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/20px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg/40px-Blason_Royaume_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Crusader_castles#Syria" title="List of Crusader castles">More</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Crusader_castles#Turkey" title="List of Crusader castles">More</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Associations</dt> <dd><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/23px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/35px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg/45px-Vexillum_Regni_Hierosolymae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Kingdom of Jerusalem</a></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/15px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/23px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Toulouse-Tripoli.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/County_of_Tripoli" title="County of Tripoli">County of Tripoli</a></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/17px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/34px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg/20px-Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg/40px-Croix_de_l_Ordre_du_Saint-Sepulcre.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Order of the Holy Sepulchre</a></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knights_Templar_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/17px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/26px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Knights_Templar_Cross.svg/34px-Knights_Templar_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1083" data-file-height="1083" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lazarus_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lazarus_cross.svg/17px-Lazarus_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lazarus_cross.svg/26px-Lazarus_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Lazarus_cross.svg/34px-Lazarus_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Lazarus" title="Order of Saint Lazarus">Order of Saint Lazarus</a></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/15px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/23px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg/30px-Insignia_Germany_Order_Teutonic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Order" title="Teutonic Order">Teutonic Order</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/20px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/40px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151920#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1588" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151920#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1588" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151920#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/141911949">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1218733/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrC9KpGDvVvRHvgbrhWDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4361435-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82032212">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13735580g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13735580g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007554967605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Tiberias"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/f5641ffd-2730-4ff3-90dd-7e37ca819bab">MusicBrainz area</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/678431">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/134434021">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/taberiye">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&oldid=1283006108">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tiberias&oldid=1283006108</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tiberias" title="Category:Tiberias">Tiberias</a></li><li><a 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