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Everest - Wikipedia
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type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Căutare"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Căutare în Wikipedia" aria-label="Căutare în Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Căutare în Wikipedia [c]" accesskey="c"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Căutare</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigarea de utilizator"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Everest</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> cel mai înalt munte de pe Pământ, cu vârful la 8.848 de metri deasupra nivelului mării </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Limbă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Limbă</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Everest&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Urmărește</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modificare</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- version 1.0.2 (change every time you update a partial) --> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare"> Acest articol se referă la un vârf de munte. Pentru geograful britanic în cinstea căruia a fost numit, vedeți <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Everest">George Everest</a>. </div> <table class="infocaseta"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="antet harta" style="background-color:#996633;color:#FFFFFF;">Everest</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg/300px-Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg/450px-Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg/600px-Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="864"></a></span><br> <div style="margin-top: 3px"></div><span>Muntele Everest, văzut dinspre nord</span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altitudine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altitudine">Altitudine</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">8.848,86 m<sup id="cite_ref-83d077fa9233340c3ce4bc98ffa9d91b_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-83d077fa9233340c3ce4bc98ffa9d91b-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><sup id="cite_ref-842d3497d0117872e67439650e5c26ce_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-842d3497d0117872e67439650e5c26ce-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q513%23P2044" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Localizare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Localizare">Localizare</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">Granița între <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nepal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="China">China</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Aparține de</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mun%C8%9Bii_Himalaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Munții Himalaya">Munții Himalaya</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coordonate_geografice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coordonate geografice">Coordonate</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Map/16/27.98806/86.92528/ro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-zoom="16" data-lat="27.98806" data-lon="86.92528" data-overlays="["_cffb050905999047acb20ee07d766b8ae951d83b"]">27°59′17″N 86°55′31″E</a><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">{{PAGENAME}}</span>)</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Map/16/27.98806/86.92528/ro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-zoom="16" data-lat="27.98806" data-lon="86.92528" data-overlays="["_cffb050905999047acb20ee07d766b8ae951d83b"]">27.98806°N 86.92528°E</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpinism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alpinism">Prima ascensiune</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/29_mai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="29 mai">29 mai</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1953?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1953">1953</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edmund_Hillary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Ascensiune</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">Pasul Sudic</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#996633;color:#FFFFFF;">Hartă</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Karte_Mount_Everest.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Karte_Mount_Everest.png/280px-Karte_Mount_Everest.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Karte_Mount_Everest.png/420px-Karte_Mount_Everest.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Karte_Mount_Everest.png/560px-Karte_Mount_Everest.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000"></a></span><br> Poziția Everestului</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#996633;color:#FFFFFF;">Localizare pe hartă</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"> <div class="center"> <div style="width:300px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"> <div style="width:300px;padding:0"> <div style="position:relative;width:300px"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Nepal_adm_location_map.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Everest se află în Nepal"><img alt="Everest se află în Nepal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nepal_adm_location_map.svg/300px-Nepal_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nepal_adm_location_map.svg/450px-Nepal_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Nepal_adm_location_map.svg/600px-Nepal_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="721"></a></span> <div style="position:absolute;top:60.239%;left:81.976%"> <div style="position:absolute;left:-4px;top:-4px;line-height:0"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Everest"><img alt="Everest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></span></span> </div> </div> </div> <div style="font-size:90%;padding-top:3px"> Everest (Nepal) </div> </div> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##996633 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q513" class="extiw" title="d:Q513">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DEverest%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Munte" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60"></a></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p>Vârful <b>Everest</b> este cel mai înalt punct de pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pământ">Pământ</a>, cu o altitudine de 8.848,86 m deasupra nivelului mării. Se află în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Himalaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Himalaya">Munții Himalaya</a>, pe granița dintre <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nepal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tibet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="China">China</a>). În <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_nepalez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba nepaleză">nepaleză</a> numele muntelui este <span lang="ne<sup id=" class="cite-bracket" style="font-style:italic">सगरमाथा</span>, <i>Sagarmāthā</i> (Mama oceanului), iar în Tibet este cunoscut sub numele de <i>Chomolungma</i> (mama universului). Numele din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba engleză">limba engleză</a>, <i>Everest</i>, a fost dat în onoarea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Topografie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Topografie">topografului</a> britanic <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Everest">Sir George Everest</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Everest_3D.gif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Everest_3D.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="214" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="214"></a> <figcaption> Vârful Everest 3D </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Cuprins</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Descoperirea_celui_mai_%C3%AEnalt_v%C3%A2rf"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Descoperirea celui mai înalt vârf</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Denumirea"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Denumirea</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#M%C4%83sur%C4%83ri"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Măsurări</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Compara%C8%9Bii"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Comparații</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Trasee_spre_v%C3%A2rf"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Trasee spre vârf</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Creasta_sud-estic%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Creasta sud-estică</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Creasta_nord-estic%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Creasta nord-estică</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ascensiuni"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Ascensiuni</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Primele_expedi%C8%9Bii"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Primele expediții</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Prima_ascensiune_reu%C8%99it%C4%83_a_lui_Tenzing_%C8%99i_Hillary"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Prima ascensiune reușită a lui Tenzing și Hillary</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Primele_ascensiuni_f%C4%83r%C4%83_tuburi_de_oxigen"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Primele ascensiuni fără tuburi de oxigen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Dezastrul_din_1996"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Dezastrul din 1996</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Elicopterul_din_2005"><span class="tocnumber">5.5</span> <span class="toctext">Elicopterul din 2005</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#2006_-_Controversa_David_Sharp"><span class="tocnumber">5.6</span> <span class="toctext">2006 - Controversa David Sharp</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#2008_-_Flac%C4%83ra_olimpic%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">5.7</span> <span class="toctext">2008 - Flacăra olimpică</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Diverse_recorduri"><span class="tocnumber">5.8</span> <span class="toctext">Diverse recorduri</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Zona_mor%C8%9Bii"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Zona morții</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Utilizarea_tuburilor_de_oxigen"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Utilizarea tuburilor de oxigen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Infrac%C8%9Bionalitate"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Infracționalitate</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Flora_%C8%99i_fauna"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Flora și fauna</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geologia"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Geologia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vezi_%C8%99i"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Vezi și</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Note_de_completare"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Note de completare</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Note_bibliografice"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Note bibliografice</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Leg%C4%83turi_externe"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Legături externe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Descoperirea_celui_mai_înalt_vârf"><span id="Descoperirea_celui_mai_.C3.AEnalt_v.C3.A2rf"></span>Descoperirea celui mai înalt vârf</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Descoperirea celui mai înalt vârf" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>În 1808, guvernul britanic a inițiat <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marele_studiu_trigonometric_al_Indiei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Marele studiu trigonometric al Indiei">Marele studiu trigonometric al Indiei</a>, cu scopul de a determina poziția și numele celor mai înalți munți din lume. Începând cu sudul Indiei, echipele de geodezi au avansat treptat spre nord folosind, pentru a măsura cât mai precis posibil altitudinile, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teodolit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teodolit">teodolite</a> uriașe care cântăreau 500 kg și care trebuia să fie duse fiecare de câte 12 oameni. Ei au ajuns la poalele munților Himalaya la începutul anilor 1830, dar Nepalul nu a permis intrarea britanicilor în țară din cauza suspiciunilor de agresiune politică și posibilă anexare. Cererile geodezilor de a intra în Nepal au fost refuzate.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Britanicii au fost obligați să-și continue observațiile din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Terai&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Terai — pagină inexistentă">Terai</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133636" class="extiw" title="d:Q1133636"><span title="Terai la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, o regiune la sud de Nepal dispusă paralel cu munții Himalaya. Condițiile de viață din Terai erau dificile din cauza ploilor torențiale și a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Malarie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Malarie">malariei</a> — trei membri ai echipei au murit de malarie și alți doi a trebuit să se retragă din cauza problemelor de sănătate.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Cu toate acestea, în 1847, britanicii au insistat și au inițiat unele observații detaliate ale vârfurilor din Himalaya din stații de observație aflate până la 240 km distanță. Vremea i-a forțat să-și limiteze observațiile la ultimele trei luni ale anului. În noiembrie 1847, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Scott_Waugh&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Andrew Scott Waugh — pagină inexistentă">Andrew Waugh</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507301" class="extiw" title="d:Q507301"><span title="Andrew Scott Waugh la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, Geodez General al Indiei, a efectuat câteva observații de la stația <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sawajpore&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sawajpore — pagină inexistentă">Sawajpore</a> aflată în capătul estic al munților Himalaya. La acea vreme, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kangchenjunga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kangchenjunga">Kangchenjunga</a> era considerat cel mai înalt vârf din lume, iar Waugh a observat un vârf în spatele lui, la aproximativ 230 km distanță. John Armstrong, unul din oficialii lui Waugh, a văzut și el culmea dintr-un loc mai la vest, și a denumit-o vârful „b”. Waugh a scris mai târziu că observațiile arătau că vârful „b” este mai înalt decât Kangchenjunga, dar din cauza distanței mari de la care s-au făcut observațiile, era nevoie de altele mai de aproape pentru a confirma rezultatul. În anul următor, Waugh a trimis un oficial geodez înapoi în Terai pentru a observa mai de aproape vârful „b”, dar norii au împiedicat toate tentativele.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În 1849, Waugh l-a trimis pe James Nicolson în zonă. Nicolson a reușit să facă două observații din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jirol&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jirol — pagină inexistentă">Jirol</a>, de la 190 km distanță. Nicolson a luat apoi cel mai mare teodolit și s-a îndreptat spre est, efectuând peste 30 de observații din cinci poziții diferite, cea mai apropiată fiind la 174 km distanță de vârf.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Nicolson s-a retras în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patna,_India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patna, India">Patna</a> pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gange?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gange">Gange</a> pentru a efectua calculele necesare pe baza observațiilor. Datele sale i-au furnizat o altitudine medie de 9.200 m pentru vârful „b”, dar el nu a luat în calcul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Refrac%C8%9Bia_luminii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Refracția luminii">refracția luminii</a> care distorsionează înălțimile. Numărul indica, însă, în mod clar că vârful „b” era mai înalt decât Kangchenjunga. Din păcate, Nicolson s-a îmbolnăvit de malarie și a fost obligat să revină acasă, fără să-și termine calculele. Michael Hennessy, unul din asistenții lui Waugh, începuse să denumească vârfurile cu numere romane, Kangchenjunga fiind denumit <i>Vârful IX</i>, iar vârful „b” devenind cunoscut sub numele de <i>Vârful XV</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Mount-Everest.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mount-Everest.jpg/301px-Mount-Everest.jpg" decoding="async" width="301" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2679" data-file-height="1781"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 301px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mount-Everest.jpg/301px-Mount-Everest.jpg" data-width="301" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mount-Everest.jpg/452px-Mount-Everest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mount-Everest.jpg/602px-Mount-Everest.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Muntele Everest, cu vârful luminat de soare </figcaption> </figure> <p>În 1852, la cartierul general al geodezilor din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dehradun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Radhanath_Sikdar&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Radhanath Sikdar — pagină inexistentă">Radhanath Sikdar</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q983574" class="extiw" title="d:Q983574"><span title="Radhanath Sikdar la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, un matematician și geodez indian din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bengal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bengal">Bengal</a>, a fost primul care a identificat Everest ca fiind cel mai înalt vârf din lume, folosind calcule <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trigonometrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trigonometrie">trigonometrice</a> pe baza măsurătorilor lui Nicolson.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_mwde_5-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BBC_mwde-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un anunț oficial asupra faptului că Vârful XV este cel mai înalt a fost amânat timp de câțiva ani, timp în care calculele au fost verificate în mod repetat. Waugh a început să lucreze pe datele lui Nicolson în 1854, și, împreună cu echipa sa, a petrecut aproape 2 ani lucrând la calcule, încercând să trateze problemele refracției luminii, presiunii atmosferice, și temperaturii aerului de-a lungul marilor distanțe de la care s-au făcut observațiile. În cele din urmă, în martie 1856 a anunțat rezultatele într-o scrisoare adresată adjunctului său din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Calcutta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a>. A declarat că Kangchenjunga are 8.582 m, iar Vârful XV are 8.839 m. Waugh a concluzionat că Vârful XV este „foarte probabil cel mai înalt din lume”.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Înălțimea vârfului XV a rezultat din calcule a fi exact 29.000 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Picior_(unitate)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Picior (unitate)">picioare</a> (8.839 m), dar public a fost declarată a fi 29.002 picioare (8.840 m), pentru a evita să lase impresia că înălțimea calculată este doar o estimare rotunjită.<sup id="cite_ref-tas1982_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-tas1982-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Odată calculată înălțimea, următoarea problemă a fost identificarea unei denumiri a vârfului. Politica studiului era aceea de a păstra numele locale dacă acest lucru este posibil (de exemplu, Kangchenjunga și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dhaulagiri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dhaulagiri">Dhaulagiri</a> erau nume locale), Waugh a argumentat că nu poate găsi niciun nume local folosit în mod curent. Căutarea lui Waugh după un nume local a fost împiedicată de faptul că Nepal și Tibet erau la acea vreme închise pentru străini. Existau numeroase nume locale, cel mai cunoscut în Tibet vreme de câteva secole fiind Chomolungma, nume ce apărea pe o hartă din 1733 publicată în Paris de geograful francez <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Bourguignon_d%27Anville?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville">D'Anville</a>. Totuși, Waugh a afirmat că, dată fiind pleiada de nume locale, este dificil să favorizeze un nume față de celelalte. Astfel, el a hotărât ca vârful XV să fie botezat după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Everest">George Everest</a>, predecesorul său în funcția Geodez General al Indiei.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El scria:</p> <blockquote> <p>Am fost învățat de respectatul meu șef și predecesor, Colonel Sir George Everest, să acord fiecărui obiect geografic numele sau apelativul său local. Dar avem un munte, foarte probabil cel mai înalt din lume, fără vreun nume local pe care să-l putem descoperi, al cărui apelativ local, dacă există, foarte probabil nu va fi descoperit înainte să ni se dea voie să pătrundem în Nepal. Între timp, îmi revine datoria și privilegiul…să dau un nume prin care să fie cunoscut cetățenilor și geografilor și să devină un cuvânt bine cunoscut în rândul națiunilor civilizate.<sup id="cite_ref-rgs1857_8-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-rgs1857-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </blockquote> <p>George Everest s-a opus numelui propus de Waugh și a comunicat <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Societatea_Regal%C4%83_de_Geografie_din_Marea_Britanie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Societatea Regală de Geografie din Marea Britanie">Royal Geographical Society</a> în 1857 că numele <i>Everest</i> nu poate fi scris în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hindi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindi">hindi</a> și nu poate fi pronunțat de "locuitorii Indiei". Numele propus de Waugh a rămas însă valid, în ciuda obiecțiilor sale, și în 1865, Royal Geographical Society a adoptat oficial denumirea de „Muntele Everest” ca nume al celui mai înalt munte din lume.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-7" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Denumirea">Denumirea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Denumirea" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Numele <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_tibetan%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba tibetană">tibetan</a> al Muntelui Everest este <i>Chomolungma</i> sau <i>Qomolangma</i> (<span class="Unicode" style="font-family:TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream CyberBase, Bitstream Vera, Thryomanes, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Visual Geez Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Microsoft Sans Serif, Lucida Sans Unicode;">ཇོ་མོ་གླིང་མ</span>, ceea ce înseamnă „Mama sfântă”), iar transliterarea numelui din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_chinez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba chineză">chineză</a> este <i><span class="Unicode" style="font-family:TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL, Chrysanthi Unicode, Bitstream Cyberbit, Bitstream CyberBase, Bitstream Vera, Thryomanes, Gentium, GentiumAlt, Visual Geez Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Microsoft Sans Serif, Lucida Sans Unicode;">Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng</span></i> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfabetul_chinez_simplificat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabetul chinez simplificat">chineză simplificată</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">珠穆朗玛峰</span>; <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alfabetul_chinez_tradi%C8%9Bional&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alfabetul chinez tradițional — pagină inexistentă">chineză tradițională</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">珠穆朗瑪峰</span>), ce face referire la Mama Pământ; traducerea în chineză a numelui tibetan este <i>Shèngmǔ Fēng</i> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfabetul_chinez_simplificat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabetul chinez simplificat">chineză simplificată</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">圣母峰</span>; <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alfabetul_chinez_tradi%C8%9Bional&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alfabetul chinez tradițional — pagină inexistentă">chineză tradițională</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">聖母峰</span>). Conform relatărilor englezești de la jumătatea secolului al XIX-lea, numele local al muntelui în regiunea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Darjeeling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Darjeeling">Darjeeling</a> era <i>Deodungha</i>, sau „Muntele Sfânt”.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În 1865, muntele a primit oficial numele <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_englez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba engleză">englezesc</a> din partea Royal Geographical Society în urma propunerii lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Scott_Waugh&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Andrew Scott Waugh — pagină inexistentă">Andrew Waugh</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507301" class="extiw" title="d:Q507301"><span title="Andrew Scott Waugh la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-8" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everest_bwp70-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Waugh a botezat numele după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Everest">George Everest</a>, întâi folosind numele de <i>Mont Everest</i>, și apoi <i>Mount Everest</i>. Totuși, pronunția modernă a numelui muntelui Everest în limba engleză, <span title="Notație în Alfabetul Fonetic Internațional" class="AFI"><small></small>ˈɛvərɪst, ˈɛvrɪst</span><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> este în realitate diferită de pronunția folosită de Sir George pentru propriul său nume de familie, și anume <span title="Notație în Alfabetul Fonetic Internațional" class="AFI"><small></small>/ˈiːvrɪst/</span><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Spre sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea, mulți cartografi europeni credeau că numele local al muntelui este "Gaurisankar",<sup id="cite_ref-waddell_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-waddell-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> făcând confuzie cu un alt vârf, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gauri_Sankar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gauri Sankar">Gauri Sankar</a>, aflat în apropiere.</p> <p>La începutul anilor 1960, guvernul nepalez a denumit oficial Muntele Everest <i>Sagarmatha</i> (सगरमाथा).<sup id="cite_ref-Unsworth584_13-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Unsworth584-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În 2002, organul de presă al Partidului Comunist Chinez, <i>Rénmín Rìbào</i> a publicat un articol în care se pleda împotriva utilizării numelui englezesc al muntelui în Occident, insistând ca acesta să fie denumit după numele tibetan. Ziarul argumenta că numele chinezesc (de fapt nume tibetan) era mai vechi decât cel englezesc, Muntele Qomolangma fiind marcat pe o hartă chinezească veche de peste 280 de ani.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Măsurări"><span id="M.C4.83sur.C4.83ri"></span>Măsurări</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Măsurări" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:MountEverestRelief.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/MountEverestRelief.png/350px-MountEverestRelief.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="170" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="620"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 350px;height: 170px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/MountEverestRelief.png/350px-MountEverestRelief.png" data-width="350" data-height="170" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/MountEverestRelief.png/525px-MountEverestRelief.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/MountEverestRelief.png/700px-MountEverestRelief.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Hartă în relief a munților Himalaya </figcaption> </figure> <p>În 1856, Andrew Waugh a anunțat că Everest (pe atunci denumit vârful XV) are 8.840 m înălțime, după câțiva ani de calcule pe baza observațiilor efectuate în cadrul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marea_ridicare_topografic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marea ridicare topografică">Marii ridicări topografice</a>.</p> <p>Mai recent, s-a arătat că muntele are 8.848 m înălțime, deși există variații ale măsurătorilor. La 9 octombrie 2005, după câteva luni de măsurători și calcule, Biroul de Stat pentru Geodezie și Cartografie din China a anunțat oficial că înălțimea Muntelui Everest este de 8.844,43 m±0,21 m. Această instituție a afirmat că este cea mai precisă măsurătoare efectuată.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Această înălțime este cea a celui mai înalt punct de piatră și nu a gheții și zăpezii care-l acoperă. Echipa chineză a măsurat și o adâncime a stratului de gheață și zăpadă de 3,5 m,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ceea ce corespunde unei altitudini totale de 8.848 m. Grosimea zăpezii și a gheții variază în timp, fiind imposibil de determinat o înălțime absolută a acestui strat.</p> <p>Altitudinea de 8.848 m a fost determinată prima oară de un studiu indian din 1955, efectuat aproape de munte, folosind <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teodolit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teodolit">teodolite</a>. Rezultatul a fost confirmat de o măsurătoare chinezească din 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În ambele cazuri, a fost măsurată înălțimea totală, cu tot cu stratul de zăpadă de pe vârf. În mai 1999, o expediție americană, condusă de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bradford_Washburn&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bradford Washburn — pagină inexistentă">Bradford Washburn</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331125" class="extiw" title="d:Q331125"><span title="Bradford Washburn la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, a plasat un dispozitiv <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Global_Positioning_System?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a> pe cel mai înalt punct stâncos. Rezultatul dat de aparat a fost o altitudine de 8.850 m, la o grosime a gheții de încă 1 m.<sup id="cite_ref-alpres_18-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-alpres-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deși nu a fost recunoscută oficial de Nepal,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> această cifră este des folosită. Incertitudinea dată de forma Pământului pune sub semnul întrebării măsurătorile efectuate în 1999 și 2005.</p> <p>O hartă <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fotogrammetrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fotogrammetrie">fotogrammetrică</a> (la scara de 1:50,000) a regiunii <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Khumbu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Khumbu">Khumbu</a>, inclusiv partea sudică a Muntelui Everest, a fost alcătuită de Erwin Schneider în cadrul Expediției Internaționale în Himalaya din 1955, care a încercat cucerirea vârfului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lhotse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lhotse">Lhotse</a>. O hartă topografică și mai detaliată a zonei Everestului a fost realizată la sfârșitul anilor 1980 sub îndrumarea lui Bradford Washburn, folosind fotografii din aer.<sup id="cite_ref-washburn_map_20-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-washburn_map-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Se consideră că <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tectonica_pl%C4%83cilor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tectonica plăcilor">tectonica plăcilor</a> din zonă are ca efect creșterea în înălțime a vârfului și migrarea sa către nord-est. Două relatări<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerat1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-autogenerat1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sugerează că vitezele de schimbare sunt de 4 mm/an creștere în înălțime și 3–6 mm/an migrare către nord-est, dar o altă sursă dă o mișcare laterală mai puternică (27 mm/an),<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și s-a sugerat și că s-ar micșora.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Se consideră că regiunea Muntelui Everest, și a munților <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Himalaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Himalaya">Himalaya</a> în general, suferă o topire a gheții din cauza <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Enc%C4%83lzire_global%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Încălzire globală">încălzirii globale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Comparații"><span id="Compara.C8.9Bii"></span>Comparații</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Comparații" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg/langro-220px-OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 128px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg/langro-220px-OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg/langro-330px-OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg/langro-440px-OlympusMons_MaunaKea_Everest_diagram-de.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Comparație a lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Olympus_Mons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Olympus Mons">Olympus Mons</a> de pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marte_(planet%C4%83)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marte (planetă)">Marte</a> cu masivele Everest și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mauna_Kea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mauna Kea">Mauna Kea</a> de pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hawaii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> (măsurate de la bază). </figcaption> </figure> <p>Everest este muntele al cărui vârf se află la cea mai mare distanță de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nivelul_m%C4%83rii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nivelul mării">nivelul mării</a>. Câțiva alți munți sunt uneori numiți „cel mai înalt munte din lume” pe diferite criterii. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mauna_Kea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mauna Kea">Mauna Kea</a> din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hawaii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> este cel mai înalt munte măsurat de la baza sa;<sup id="cite_ref-base_26-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-base-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> se ridică la peste 10.200 m măsurat de la baza sa de pe fundul oceanului, având însă doar 4.205 m peste nivelul mării.</p> <p>În funcție de același criteriu, înălțimea de la bază la vârf, Vârful <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denali?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denali">Denali</a>, din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alaska?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, este și el mai înalt ca Everest.<sup id="cite_ref-base_26-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-base-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deși are deasupra nivelului mării doar 6.193,6 m, Denali se înalță dintr-o câmpie aflată la 300–900 m, având o înălțime de la bază la vârf de 5.300–5.900 m; o cifră des utilizată este cea de 5.600 m.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prin comparație, înălțimea bazei Muntelui Everest se situează de la 4.200 m pe partea sudică până la 5.200 m înspre <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Podi%C8%99ul_Tibet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Podișul Tibet">Podișul Tibet</a>, rezultând o înălțime de la bază la vârf de 3.650–4.650 m.<sup id="cite_ref-washburn_map_20-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-washburn_map-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Vârful <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chimborazo_(vulcan)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chimborazo (vulcan)">Chimborazo</a> din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ecuador?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> este cu 2,168 m mai departe de centrul Pământului (6.384,4 km) decât Everest (6.382,3 km), deoarece Pământul este mai bombat la Ecuator. Totuși, Chimborazo are o înălțime de doar 6.267 m peste nivelul mării, și după acest criteriu nu este nici măcar cel mai înalt vârf din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anzi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Anzi">Anzi</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Trasee_spre_vârf"><span id="Trasee_spre_v.C3.A2rf"></span>Trasee spre vârf</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Trasee spre vârf" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Himalaya_annotated.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Himalaya_annotated.jpg/250px-Himalaya_annotated.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="662"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 166px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Himalaya_annotated.jpg/250px-Himalaya_annotated.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="166" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Himalaya_annotated.jpg/375px-Himalaya_annotated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Himalaya_annotated.jpg/500px-Himalaya_annotated.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Traseele spre vârful Everest văzute de pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sta%C8%9Bia_Spa%C8%9Bial%C4%83_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stația Spațială Internațională">Stația Spațială Internațională</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Everest are două trasee principale, creasta de sud-est dinspre Nepal și cea de nord-est dinspre <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tibet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>, precum și alte trasee mai rar utilizate.<sup id="cite_ref-evhist_28-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-evhist-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dintre cele două rute principale, cea de sud-est este mai ușoară și mai des utilizată. Acesta a fost și traseul folosit de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edmund_Hillary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> în 1953 și prima recunoscută dintre cele cincisprezece care duc spre vârf.<sup id="cite_ref-evhist_28-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-evhist-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acesta a fost, însă, un traseu ales mai mult din rațiuni politice decât pragmatice întrucât granițele Chinei erau închise pentru occidentali în anii 1950 după ce <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Chinez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republica Populară Chineză">China Comunistă</a> a preluat controlul asupra Tibetului de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republica_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica China">Republica China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ngetl_29-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ngetl-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:STS058-101-12_2.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/STS058-101-12_2.JPG/250px-STS058-101-12_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="540"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 250px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/STS058-101-12_2.JPG/250px-STS058-101-12_2.JPG" data-width="250" data-height="250" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/STS058-101-12_2.JPG/375px-STS058-101-12_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/STS058-101-12_2.JPG/500px-STS058-101-12_2.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Imagine din spațiu care arată ruta sudică și cea nordică </figcaption> </figure> <p>Cele mai multe tentative de escaladare au loc în luna mai, înainte de anotimpul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muson">musonic</a> de vară. Odată cu apropierea anotimpului musonic, o schimbare în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Curentul_jet&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Curentul jet — pagină inexistentă">curentul jet</a> îl împinge înspre nord, reducând vitezele medii ale vântului în zonele superioare ale muntelui.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_30-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nytimes-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-te03_31-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-te03-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Se fac încercări uneori și după musoni, în septembrie și octombrie, când curentul jet este din nou împins temporar spre nord, dar atunci zăpada depusă de musoni și vremea mai instabilă fac escaladările mai dificile.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Creasta_sud-estică"><span id="Creasta_sud-estic.C4.83"></span>Creasta sud-estică</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Creasta sud-estică" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Ascensiunea pe creasta sud-estică începe cu drumul până la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tab%C4%83ra_de_Baz%C4%83_Everest&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tabăra de Bază Everest — pagină inexistentă">Tabăra de Bază</a> aflată la 5.380 m altitudine la sud de Everest, în Nepal. Expedițiile de regulă încep cu o călătorie cu avionul de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kathmandu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a> până la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Lukla&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Lukla — pagină inexistentă">Lukla</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389190" class="extiw" title="d:Q389190"><span title="Lukla la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> (2.860 m altitudine) și de acolo prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Namche_Bazaar&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Namche Bazaar — pagină inexistentă">Namche Bazaar</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376123" class="extiw" title="d:Q376123"><span title="Namche Bazaar la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>. Alpiniștii urcă apoi spre Tabăra de Bază, drum ce durează de regulă între șase și opt zile, permițându-le aclimatizarea la altitudinile mari pentru a preveni <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=R%C4%83u_de_altitudine&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Rău de altitudine — pagină inexistentă">răul de altitudine</a>. Echipamentul și proviziile sunt transportate cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iac?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iac">iaci</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bos_grunniens_%C3%97_Bos_primigenius_taurus&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bos grunniens × Bos primigenius taurus — pagină inexistentă">Dzo</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1269532" class="extiw" title="d:Q1269532"><span title="Bos grunniens × Bos primigenius taurus la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>pkyos (iaci hibrizi) și hamali până la tabăra de bază de pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ghe%C8%9Barul_Khumbu&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ghețarul Khumbu — pagină inexistentă">ghețarul Khumbu</a>. Când Hillary și Tenzing au escaladat Everest în 1953, ei au pornit din Valea Kathmandu, întrucât nu existau la acea vreme drumuri mai spre est.</p> <p>Alpiniștii petrec apoi câteva săptămâni în tabăra de bază, obișnuindu-se cu altitudinea. În acest timp, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C8%98erpa%C8%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Șerpaș">șerpașii</a>, împreună cu unii membri ai expediției, instalează scări și corzi în căderea de gheață Khumbu. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Serac&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Serac — pagină inexistentă">Serac</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384262" class="extiw" title="d:Q384262"><span title="Serac la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>urile, crevasele și blocurile de gheață instabile fac din această zonă una dintre cele mai periculoase sectoare ale traseului. Mulți alpiniști și șerpași au murit acolo. Pentru a reduce riscul, alpiniștii își încep ascensiunea cu mult înaintea răsăritului soarelui, când temperaturile de îngheț lipesc blocurile de gheață între ele. Deasupra căderii de gheață se află Tabăra I la 6.065 m altitudine.</p> <p>De la Tabăra I, alpiniștii avansează spre Circul de Vest (în galeză Western Cwm) până la baza crestei <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lhotse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lhotse">Lhotse</a>, unde se stabilește Tabăra II sau Tabăra de Bază Avansată la 6.500 m. Circul de Vest este o vale glaciară relativ plată și care urcă ușor, marcată în partea centrală de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crevas%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Crevasă">crevase</a> laterale uriașe, care împiedică accesul direct la zonele mai înalte. Alpiniștii sunt obligați să traverseze mai departe pe partea dreaptă pe lângă baza muntelui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Nuptse&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Nuptse — pagină inexistentă">Nuptse</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139538" class="extiw" title="d:Q1139538"><span title="Nuptse la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> până la o trecere îngustă numită „colțul Nuptse”. Circul de Vest se mai numește și „Valea Liniștii”, topografia zonei protejând-o de vânt. Altitudinea ridicată combinată cu o zi senină, fără vânt pot face traversarea Circului de Vest dificilă pentru alpiniști din cauza căldurii.<sup id="cite_ref-nova-climb_32-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nova-climb-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>De la Tabăra Avansată, alpiniștii urcă pe creasta Lhotse pe corzi fixe până la Tabăra III, aflată pe o terasă îngustă la 7.470 m. De acolo, mai sunt 500 de metri până la Tabăra IV pe Pasul de Sud la 7.920 m. De la Tabăra III la Tabăra IV, alpiniștii au două probleme în plus: Pintenul Geneva și Banda Galbenă. Pintenul Geneva este o porțiune de stâncă neagră botezată în 1952 de o expediție elvețiană. Corzile fixe îi ajută pe alpiniști să traverseze rapid această bandă de stâncă acoperită cu zăpadă. Banda Galbenă este o secțiune de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marmur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marmură">marmură</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Filit&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Filit — pagină inexistentă">filit</a>, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C8%98ist&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Șist — pagină inexistentă">semișist</a>, a cărei traversare necesită aproximativ 100 de metri de corzi fixe.<sup id="cite_ref-nova-climb_32-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nova-climb-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Pe Pasul de Sud, alpiniștii intră în „zona morții”. Ei au, de regulă, doar două sau trei zile timp de petrecut la această altitudine pentru a face încercări de a ajunge în vârf. Vremea senină și vânturile slabe sunt factori esențiali pentru decizia de a face o tentativă de cucerire a vârfului. Dacă vremea nu este favorabilă în aceste câteva zile, alpiniștii trebuie să coboare, de multe ori până înapoi la Tabăra de Bază.</p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Everest_base_camp.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Everest_base_camp.jpg/600px-Everest_base_camp.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="8180" data-file-height="1636"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 600px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Everest_base_camp.jpg/600px-Everest_base_camp.jpg" data-width="600" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Everest_base_camp.jpg/900px-Everest_base_camp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Everest_base_camp.jpg/1200px-Everest_base_camp.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Imagine din Tabăra de Bază de pe creasta de sud a Everestului. Spre stânga se poate vedea căderea de gheață Khumbu. În centru sunt rămășițele unui elicopter prăbușit în 2003. </figcaption> </figure> <p>De la Tabăra IV, alpiniștii încep să urce spre vârf pe la miezul nopții, cu speranța de a ajunge la vârf ( 1.000 metri mai sus) în 10–12 ore. Întâi se ajunge la „Balcon” la 8.400 m, o mică platformă unde se pot odihni privind spre vârfurile dinspre sud și est la lumina soarelui care răsare. Continuând urcarea pe creastă, urmează o serie de trepte de piatră care de regulă forțează alpiniștii să meargă spre est. La 8.750 m, un mic dom de gheață și zăpadă marchează Vârful Sudic.<sup id="cite_ref-nova-climb_32-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nova-climb-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>De la Vârful Sudic, alpiniștii urmează creasta îngustă de sud-est de-a lungul a ceea ce este cunoscut sub numele de „trecerea streșinei”. Aceasta este cea mai periculoasă secțiune a ascensiunii, un singur pas greșit putând să aibă ca rezultat o cădere de 2.400 m pe versantul sudic sau de 3.050 m pe versantul Kangshung. La capătul acestei treceri se află un perete de stâncă de 12 m, denumit „Treapta Hillary” la 8.760 m.<sup id="cite_ref-nova-climb_32-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nova-climb-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Hillary și Tenzing au fost primii care au escaladat acest perete și au făcut acest lucru fără corzi fixe. Astăzi, alpiniștii urcă treapta cu corzi fixe instalate dinainte de șerpași. Odată trecuți de acest perete, urmează o urcare relativ ușoară spre vârf pe pante de zăpadă cu înclinații moderate. Întrucât din ce în ce mai mulți oameni urcă pe munte în ultimii ani, Treapta a devenit adesea un loc aglomerat, alpiniștii trebuind să aștepte perioade semnificative de timp să le vină rândul la coarda fixă, ducând la probleme în urcarea și coborârea eficientă pe munte. După Treapta Hillary, alpiniștii trebuie să traverseze o secțiune pietroasă cu o multitudine de corzi fixe, secțiune ce poate fi dificilă pe vreme rea. Alpiniștii stau de obicei mai puțin de o jumătate de oră pe „acoperișul lumii” deoarece trebuie să coboare la Tabăra IV înainte de a se întuneca, vremea se poate înrăutăți după amiaza, sau se golesc rezervoarele cu oxigen.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Creasta_nord-estică"><span id="Creasta_nord-estic.C4.83"></span>Creasta nord-estică</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Creasta nord-estică" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg/300px-Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 200px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg/300px-Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg/450px-Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg/600px-Everest_North_Face_toward_Base_Camp_Tibet_Luca_Galuzzi_2006_edit_1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Partea de nord a Everestului, din Tibet </figcaption> </figure> <p>Traseul de pe creasta de nord-est începe din partea de nord a Everestului, în Tibet. Expedițiile merg către <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ghe%C8%9Barul_Rongbuk&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ghețarul Rongbuk — pagină inexistentă">ghețarul Rongbuk</a>, unde se instalează Tabăra de Bază la 5.180 m pe o câmpie de pietriș aflată chiar sub ghețar. Pentru a ajunge la Tabăra II, alpiniștii urcă pe morena mijlocie din partea de est a ghețarului Rongbuk până la baza lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Changtse&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Changtse — pagină inexistentă">Changtse</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595929" class="extiw" title="d:Q595929"><span title="Changtse la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> la o altitudine de 6.100 m. Tabăra III (Tabăra de Bază Avansată) se află sub Pasul de Nord la 6.500 m altitudine. Pentru a ajunge la Tabăra IV pe pasul nordic, alpiniștii urcă pe ghețar până la baza crestei de unde se folosesc de corzile fixe pentru a ajunge la Pasul Nordic la 7.010 m. De la Pasul Nordic, urmează o urcare peste creasta nordică până la Tabăra V la aproximativ 7.775 m. Traseul traversează versantul nordic într-o urcare în diagonală spre baza Bandei Galbene, ajungând la Tabăra VI la 8.230 m. De la Tabăra VI, alpiniștii fac ultima tentativă de sosire la vârf. Traversarea de la baza primei trepte este dificilă: de la 8.367 m la 8.400 m, la Treapta a Doua: 8.442–8.490 m. A doua treaptă include un suport pentru urcare numit „scara chinezească”, o scară de metal instalată semipermanent în 1975 de un grup de alpiniști chinezi. De atunci, ea se află acolo aproape tot timpul, fiind utilizată de practic toți alpiniștii de pe traseu. După ce se trece de a doua treaptă urmează urcarea celei de-a treia trepte, 8.553–8.661 m. După escaladarea acestor pereți, piramida din vârf este escaladată și ea pe o pantă de zăpadă de 50 de grade, până la ultima creastă, pe care se ajunge pe vârf.<sup id="cite_ref-NOVA_wtsn_33-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NOVA_wtsn-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ascensiuni">Ascensiuni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Ascensiuni" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Primele_expediții"><span id="Primele_expedi.C8.9Bii"></span>Primele expediții</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Primele expediții" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>În 1885, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Clinton_Thomas_Dent&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Clinton Thomas Dent — pagină inexistentă">Clinton Thomas Dent</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979367" class="extiw" title="d:Q2979367"><span title="Clinton Thomas Dent la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, președintele Clubului Alpin din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Regatul_Unit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Regatul Unit">Regatul Unit</a>, a sugerat, în cartea sa <i>Above the Snow Line</i> că ar fi posibilă cucerirea Muntelui Everest.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Traseele nordice spre munte au fost descoperite de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Mallory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Mallory">George Mallory</a> în prima sa expediție din 1921. Aceasta a fost o expediție de explorare neechipată pentru o tentativă serioasă de escaladare a muntelui. Condusă de Mallory (care a devenit astfel primul european care a pus piciorul pe pantele Everestului) ei au urcat pe Pasul de Nord până la 7.007 m. De acolo, Mallory a văzut un posibil traseu spre vârf, dar grupul era nepregătit pentru dificultățile pe care le implica continuarea ascensiunii și au decis să se întoarcă.</p> <p>Britanicii s-au întors în 1922. George Finch („Celălalt George”) a folosit pentru prima oară tuburi de oxigen. El a urcat cu o viteză remarcabilă — 285 m/h. Mallory și colonelul Felix Norton au făcut și ei o a doua tentativă ratată. Mallory a fost criticat pentru că a condus un grup pe un traseu de coborâre pe Pasul Nordic, grup ce a fost prins de o avalanșă. Mallory s-a salvat din avalanșă, dar șase cărăuși localnici au murit.</p> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Expedi%C8%9Bia_britanic%C4%83_pe_Everest_din_1924?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Expediția britanică pe Everest din 1924">Următoarea expediție</a> a avut loc în 1924. Tentativa inițială a lui Mallory și Bruce a fost abandonată, atunci când vremea nefavorabilă a împiedicat înființarea Taberei VI. Următoarea tentativă a fost cea a lui Norton și Somervell care au urcat fără oxigen pe o vreme ideală, traversând versantul nordic spre Culoarul cel Mare. Norton a ajuns până la 8.558 m, deși a urcat numai 30 m în ultima oră. Mallory a strâns ultimele resurse de oxigen pentru un efort final, alegându-l pe tânărul Andrew Irvine ca partener.</p> <p>În 8 iunie 1924, George Mallory și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Irvine&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Andrew Irvine — pagină inexistentă">Andrew Irvine</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387906" class="extiw" title="d:Q387906"><span title="Andrew Irvine la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> au făcut o nouă tentativă de cucerire a vârfului pe ruta Pasul Nordic – creasta de nord – creasta de nord-est, tentativă din care nu s-au mai întors. Pioletul său (un fel de mic târnăcop folosit de alpiniști pentru a se cățăra pe gheață) a fost descoperit la 8500 de metri - de un alt grup de alpiniști - nouă ani mai târziu. În <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1_mai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1 mai">1 mai</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1999?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1999">1999</a>, o expediție special constituită a găsit cadavrul lui Mallory pe versantul nordic într-un bazin de zăpadă sub și la vest de poziția obișnuită a Taberei VI. În comunitatea montaniștilor au apărut controverse relativ la întrebarea dacă vreunul din ei ajunsese la vârf cu 29 de ani înainte de ascensiunea confirmată a lui Sir <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edmund_Hillary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> în 1953. Consensul general între alpiniști este însă că cei doi nu au ajuns niciodată pe vârf.<span class="citationNeeded skin-invert"></span><sup class="noprint"><span style="color:red;">[<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor"><i>necesită citare</i></a>]</span></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16584850">.mw-parser-output .citationNeeded{background-color:#ffeaea;color:#444444}</style></p> <p>În 1933, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Lady_Houston&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Lady Houston — pagină inexistentă">Lady Houston</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6698142" class="extiw" title="d:Q6698142"><span title="Lady Houston la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, o milionară britanică, fostă dansatoare de cabaret, a finanțat <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Expedi%C8%9Bia_aviatic%C4%83_Houston_peste_Muntele_Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Expediția aviatică Houston peste Muntele Everest">o expediție aviatică peste Everest</a></i>, în care un avion <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Westland_Wallace&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Westland Wallace — pagină inexistentă">Westland Wallace</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339077" class="extiw" title="d:Q1339077"><span title="Westland Wallace la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> condus de lordul de Clydesdale a zburat peste vârful Everest într-o încercare de a plasa acolo un <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Steagul_Regatului_Unit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Steagul Regatului Unit">steag al Regatului Unit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-flymicro_35-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-flymicro-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-k2news_woe_36-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-k2news_woe-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La primele încercări, cum au fost cele ale lui Bruce din anii 1920 și cele două tentative eșuate ale lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hugh_Ruttledge&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hugh Ruttledge — pagină inexistentă">Hugh Ruttledge</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478913" class="extiw" title="d:Q1478913"><span title="Hugh Ruttledge la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> din 1933 și 1936, s-a încercat ascensiunea pe munte dinspre <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tibet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>, pe versantul nordic. Accesul dinspre nord a fost închis însă pentru expedițiile occidentale în 1950, după ce <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="China">China</a> a preluat controlul asupra Tibetului. În 1950, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bill_Tilman&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bill Tilman — pagină inexistentă">Bill Tilman</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862621" class="extiw" title="d:Q862621"><span title="Bill Tilman la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> și un grup restrâns, în care se aflau și Charles Houston, Oscar Houston și Betsy Cowles au efectuat o expediție de explorare a Everestului prin Nepal pe traseul dinspre sud care a devenit astăzi cel mai utilizat.<sup id="cite_ref-evhist_timeline_37-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-evhist_timeline-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În primăvara lui 1952, o expediție <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elveția">elvețiană</a>, condusă de Edouard Wyss-Dunant a primit permisiunea de a încerca să cucerească Everestul dinspre Nepal. Expediția a stabilit un traseu prin căderea de gheață Khumbu și a urcat până la Pasul Sudic la o altitudine de 7.986 m. Ulterior, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Lambert&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Raymond Lambert — pagină inexistentă">Raymond Lambert</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3420974" class="extiw" title="d:Q3420974"><span title="Raymond Lambert la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C8%98erpa%C8%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Șerpaș">șerpașul</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> au reușit să ajungă la o altitudine de 8.595 m pe creasta sud-estică, stabilind un nou record de altitudine. Experiența acumulată cu această ocazie de Tenzing i-a fost de folos când a făcut parte din expediția britanică din 1953.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Prima_ascensiune_reușită_a_lui_Tenzing_și_Hillary"><span id="Prima_ascensiune_reu.C8.99it.C4.83_a_lui_Tenzing_.C8.99i_Hillary"></span>Prima ascensiune reușită a lui Tenzing și Hillary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Prima ascensiune reușită a lui Tenzing și Hillary" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>În 1953, o a noua expediție britanică, condusă de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=John_Hunt&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="John Hunt — pagină inexistentă">John Hunt</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1700533" class="extiw" title="d:Q1700533"><span title="John Hunt la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, s-a întors în Nepal. Hunt a ales două perechi de alpiniști pentru a încerca să ajungă pe vârf. Prima pereche (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tom_Bourdillon&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tom Bourdillon — pagină inexistentă">Tom Bourdillon</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q351312" class="extiw" title="d:Q351312"><span title="Tom Bourdillon la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Charles_Evans&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Charles Evans — pagină inexistentă">Charles Evans</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064290" class="extiw" title="d:Q1064290"><span title="Charles Evans la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>) s-a apropiat la 100 m de vârf la 26 mai 1953, dar s-a întors din cauza extenuării. După cum era planificat, traseele găsite de aceștia și resursele de oxigen au fost de mare ajutor următoarei perechi. După două zile, expediția a efectuat a doua și ultima încercare de a ajunge pe vârf cu a doua pereche de alpiniști, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Noua_Zeeland%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Noua Zeelandă">neozeelandezul</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edmund_Hillary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> din Nepal. Ei au ajuns pe vârf la 11:30 a.m. ora locală în ziua de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/29_mai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="29 mai">29 mai</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1953?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1953">1953</a> urcând pe Pasul Sudic. Atunci, ambii au afirmat că reușita a fost rezultatul unei munci de echipă a întregii expediții, dar Tenzing a dezvăluit după câțiva ani că Hillary a fost primul care a ajuns pe vârf.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ei s-au oprit pe vârf să facă fotografii și au îngropat în zăpadă câteva dulciuri și o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cruce?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cruce">cruce</a> mică înainte de a coborî.</p> <p>Vestea succesului expediției a ajuns la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Londra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Londra">Londra</a> în dimineața încoronării reginei <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elisabeta_a_II-a_a_Regatului_Unit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Elisabeta a II-a a Regatului Unit">Elisabeta a II-a</a>. Întorși la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kathmandu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a> după câteva zile, Hunt (britanic) și Hillary (supus al Elisabetei, care este și regina Noii Zeelande) au aflat că fuseseră înnobilați cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ordinul_Imperiului_Britanic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ordinul Imperiului Britanic">Ordinul Imperiului Britanic</a>. Tenzing (supus al regelui Nepalului) a primit din partea Regatului Unit <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Medalia_George&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Medalia George — pagină inexistentă">medalia George</a>. Hunt a fost făcut mai târziu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Life_peer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Life peer — pagină inexistentă">Life peer</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914468" class="extiw" title="d:Q2914468"><span title="Life peer la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, iar Hillary a devenit membru fondator al Ordinului Noii Zeelande.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Primele_ascensiuni_fără_tuburi_de_oxigen"><span id="Primele_ascensiuni_f.C4.83r.C4.83_tuburi_de_oxigen"></span>Primele ascensiuni fără tuburi de oxigen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Primele ascensiuni fără tuburi de oxigen" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>În 8 mai 1978, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reinhold_Messner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reinhold Messner">Reinhold Messner</a> (Italia) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Peter_Habeler&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Peter Habeler — pagină inexistentă">Peter Habeler</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495503" class="extiw" title="d:Q495503"><span title="Peter Habeler la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> (Austria) au realizat prima ascensiune fără tuburi de oxigen, pe traseul de pe creasta de sud-est.<sup id="cite_ref-evhist_28-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-evhist-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NOVA_fwo_39-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NOVA_fwo-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 20 august 1980, Messner a devenit primul care a ajuns singur pe vârf, fără tuburi de oxigen sau susținere, pe traseul nord-vestic, mai dificil, pe Pasul Nordic și pe Marele Culoar. A urcat trei zile complet singur de la tabăra de bază aflată la 6.500 m altitudine.<sup id="cite_ref-evhist_28-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-evhist-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Dezastrul_din_1996">Dezastrul din 1996</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Dezastrul din 1996" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>În sezonul 1996, cincisprezece oameni au murit încercând să coboare de pe vârf, cel mai mare număr de victime într-un singur an din istoria Everestului. Opt dintre ei au murit doar în 11 mai. Dezastrul a fost puternic mediatizat și a ridicat semne de întrebare privind comercializarea ascensiunilor pe Everest.</p> <p>Ziaristul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jon_Krakauer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jon Krakauer">Jon Krakauer</a>, pentru revista <i>Outside</i> magazine, a făcut parte dintr-unul din grupurile afectate, publicând ulterior bestsellerul <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Into_Thin_Air?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Into Thin Air">Into Thin Air</a></i> în care și-a relatat experiența. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Anatoli_Bukreev&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Anatoli Bukreev — pagină inexistentă">Anatoli Bukreev</a>, un ghid care s-a simțit atacat de cartea lui Krakauer, a scris o carte-răspuns intitulată <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Climb&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="The Climb — pagină inexistentă">The Climb</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133663" class="extiw" title="d:Q5133663"><span title="The Climb la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>.</i> Disputa a declanșat o dezbatere amplă în sânul comunității alpiniștilor. În mai 2004, fizicianul Kent Moore și medicul chirurg John L. Semple, ambii cercetători la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitatea_Toronto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitatea Toronto">Universitatea Toronto</a>, au declarat revistei <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_Scientist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New Scientist">New Scientist</a></i> că o analiză a condițiilor meteo din data de 11 mai a sugerat că un fenomen meteorologic neobișnuit a făcut ca nivelul de oxigen din aer sa scadă brusc cu aproximativ 14%.<sup id="cite_ref-NewScientist_40-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-NewScientist-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BioEd_Online_41-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BioEd_Online-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Impactul furtunii asupra alpiniștilor de pe cealaltă parte a muntelui, creasta de nord, loc în care au murit, de asemenea, câțiva alpiniști, a fost detaliat într-o relatare a filmografului și scriitorului britanic <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Matt_Dickinson&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Matt Dickinson — pagină inexistentă">Matt Dickinson</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6788558" class="extiw" title="d:Q6788558"><span title="Matt Dickinson la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> în cartea sa <i>The Other Side of Everest</i>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Elicopterul_din_2005">Elicopterul din 2005</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Elicopterul din 2005" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>În 14 mai 2005, pilotul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Didier_Delsalle&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Didier Delsalle — pagină inexistentă">Didier Delsalle</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1210532" class="extiw" title="d:Q1210532"><span title="Didier Delsalle la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> din Franța a aterizat cu un elicopter <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eurocopter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eurocopter">Eurocopter</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=AS_350_B3&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="AS 350 B3 — pagină inexistentă">AS 350 B3</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5411745" class="extiw" title="d:Q5411745"><span title="AS 350 B3 la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> pe vârful Everest<sup id="cite_ref-eurocopter_42-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-eurocopter-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (fără martori în afara imaginilor filmate de camera instalată sub aparat) și a decolat după aproximativ patru minute. (Rotoarele au fost păstrate în funcțiune, evitând riscul de a se baza doar pe zăpadă pentru susținerea elicopterului.) Astfel, el a stabilit recordul mondial pentru aterizarea și decolarea de la cea mai mare altitudine.<sup id="cite_ref-fai_43-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-fai-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Delsalle realizase, cu două zile înainte, o decolare de pe Pasul Sudic; unele articole din presă au sugerat că relatarea aterizării pe vârf a fost o înțelegere greșită a relatării unei aterizări pe Pasul Sudic.<sup id="cite_ref-everestnet_44-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-everestnet-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="2006_-_Controversa_David_Sharp">2006 - Controversa David Sharp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: 2006 - Controversa David Sharp" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Alpinistul fără picioare <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mark_Inglis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mark Inglis — pagină inexistentă">Mark Inglis</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900166" class="extiw" title="d:Q1900166"><span title="Mark Inglis la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> a dezvăluit, într-un interviu acordat presei în 23 mai 2006<sup id="cite_ref-abcnews052006_45-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-abcnews052006-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, că grupul său, și multe altele, trecuseră, în 15 mai, pe lângă un alpinist în pericol, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=David_Sharp&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="David Sharp — pagină inexistentă">David Sharp</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3018777" class="extiw" title="d:Q3018777"><span title="David Sharp la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, care se adăpostea sub o stâncă suspendată la 450 metri sub vârf, și nu au încercat să-l salveze. Dezvăluirea a declanșat dezbateri ample pe tema eticii alpine, în special la felul cum este ea aplicată pe Everest. Alpiniștii care l-au lăsat au spus că eforturile de salvare ar fi fost inutile și ar fi cauzat și alte morți din cauza numărului de oameni necesari pentru a-l scoate.</p> <p>Mare parte din această controversă a fost tratată de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Discovery_Channel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a> în programul TV <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest:_Beyond_the_Limit&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Everest: Beyond the Limit — pagină inexistentă">Everest: Beyond the Limit</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q377812" class="extiw" title="d:Q377812"><span title="Everest: Beyond the Limit la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup></i>. Documentarul prezintă o hotărâre crucială ce a afectat soarta lui Sharp: un alpinist libanez care se întorcea (Max Chaya) transmite prin radio managerului din tabăra de bază (Russell Brice) că a găsit un alpinist în pericol. Nu-l putea identifica pe Sharp, care alesese să urce singur, fără sprijin, deci nu s-a prezentat celorlalți alpiniști. Managerul din tabăra de bază a presupus că Sharp făcea parte dintr-un grup care l-a abandonat și l-a informat pe Chaya că nu are nicio șansă să-l ajute pe Sharp (la peste 8000 de metri altitudine, puțini oameni au suficientă forță să ajute un om semiconștient, iar Max Chaya era doar un alpinist amator). Întrucât starea lui Sharp a continuat să se deterioreze toată ziua și alți alpiniști au trecut pe lângă el, șansele sale de salvare au scăzut: picioarele i-au degerat, nemaiputând să meargă; următorii alpiniști care coboară au și mai puțin oxigen și mai puțină putere de a da ajutor; nu mai este timp să se întoarcă șerpași care să-l ajute. Cel mai important, decizia lui Sharp de a renunța la orice sprijin l-a lăsat fără ajutorul pe care ar fi putut conta.</p> <p>În timp ce subiectul era discutat, în 26 mai, alpinistul australian <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Lincoln Hall — pagină inexistentă">Lincoln Hall</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6550688" class="extiw" title="d:Q6550688"><span title="Lincoln Hall la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> a fost găsit în viață, după ce fusese declarat mort cu o zi înainte. A fost găsit de un grup de patru alpiniști (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dan_Mazur&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dan Mazur — pagină inexistentă">Dan Mazur</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5218081" class="extiw" title="d:Q5218081"><span title="Dan Mazur la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, Andrew Brash, Myles Osborne și Jangbu Sherpa) care, renunțând la tentativa de urcare a vârfului, au rămas cu Hall și au coborât cu el și cu un grup de 11 șerpași trimiși să-l aducă jos. Hall și-a revenit ulterior. De atunci, s-au înregistrat și alte acțiuni similare, inclusiv în 21 mai 2007, când alpinista canadiană Meagan McGrath a declanșat operațiunea reușită de salvare a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nepal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nepal">nepalezului</a> Usha Bista.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="2008_-_Flacăra_olimpică"><span id="2008_-_Flac.C4.83ra_olimpic.C4.83"></span>2008 - Flacăra olimpică</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: 2008 - Flacăra olimpică" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Guvernul Chinei a asfaltat un drum de 130 km din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C8%9Ainutul_Tingri&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ținutul Tingri — pagină inexistentă">Ținutul Tingri</a> până la Tabăra de Bază chineză pentru a face față numărului crescând de alpiniști de pe partea nordică a muntelui. Acesta este cel mai înalt drum asfaltat din lume. Construcția a început la 18 iunie 2007 cu un cost de 150 milioane yuani (19,7 milioane de dolari americani). Flacăra olimpică din 2008 a ajuns pe Everest, urcând pe Pasul Nordic, în drum spre <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jocurile_Olimpice_de_var%C4%83_din_2008?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 2008">Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 2008</a> de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beijing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un turn de comunicații <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/China_Telecom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="China Telecom">China Telecom</a> aflat lângă Tabăra de Bază furnizează comunicații până pe vârful muntelui.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Diverse_recorduri">Diverse recorduri</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Diverse recorduri" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Cea mai tânără persoană care a urcat vreodată pe Everest este americanul Jordan Romero, care a ajuns pe vârf în mai 2010 la vârsta de 13 ani.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recordul celor mai multe ascensiuni îl deține <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Apa_Sherpa&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Apa Sherpa — pagină inexistentă">Apa Sherpa</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455447" class="extiw" title="d:Q455447"><span title="Apa Sherpa la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, care a urcat în mai 2010 pentru a douăzecea oară.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Cea mai rapidă ascensiune pe creasta de nord a fost realizată în 2007 de alpinistul austriac <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Christian_Stangl&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Christian Stangl — pagină inexistentă">Christian Stangl</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94309" class="extiw" title="d:Q94309"><span title="Christian Stangl la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, care a avut nevoie de 16 ore și 42 de minute pentru a parcurge cei 10 km de la Tabăra III până la vârf, depășind recordul de 17 ore al italianului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hans_Kammerlander&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hans Kammerlander — pagină inexistentă">Hans Kammerlander</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961860" class="extiw" title="d:Q961860"><span title="Hans Kammerlander la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, record stabilit în 1996. Ambii au urcat singuri, fără tuburi de oxigen. Cea mai rapidă ascensiune cu tuburi de oxigen pe creasta de sud a fost a șerpașului nepalez Pemba Dorjie în 2004, în 8 ore și 10 minute pentru traseul de 17 km. Cea mai rapidă ascensiune fără tuburi de oxigen pe creasta de sud-est a fost realizată de francezul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Marc_Batard&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Marc Batard — pagină inexistentă">Marc Batard</a> în 22 ore și 30 de minute în 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Cel mai în vârstă alpinist care a ajuns pe Everest este Min Bahadur Sherchan, care a ajuns pe vârf la 25 mai 2008 la vârsta de 76 de ani.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Până la sfârșitul anului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2001?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2001">2001</a>, 1491 alpiniști urcaseră pe Everest (560 dintre aceștia între 1998 și 2001). De-a lungul timpului 175 de oameni au murit pe Everest.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Zona_morții"><span id="Zona_mor.C8.9Bii"></span>Zona morții</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Zona morții" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>Condițiile care clasifică o zonă drept „zona morții” se aplică Everestului (altitudini de peste 8.000 m). În plus, Everestul este o zonă a morții în care este deosebit de dificilă supraviețuirea. Temperaturile pot atinge niveluri foarte scăzute, având ca rezultat <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Deger%C4%83turi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Degerături — pagină inexistentă">degerături</a> ale oricărei părți a corpului expuse la aer. Deoarece temperaturile sunt atât de mici, zăpada este înghețată în anumite zone și alunecarea și căderea în prăpastii constituie un pericol mortal suplimentar. Vânturile puternice de la aceste altitudini pe Everest sunt și ele o amenințare. Presiunea atmosferică pe vârful Everest este aproximativ o treime din cea de la nivelul mării, ceea ce înseamnă că în aer este doar o treime din oxigenul disponibil la nivelul mării.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În mai 2007, Caudwell Xtreme Everest a efectuat un studiu al nivelului oxigenului în sângele uman la altitudini extreme. Peste 200 de voluntari au urcat la Tabăra de Bază Everest unde li s-au efectuat diverse analize pentru a examina nivelul de oxigen din sânge. O echipă a efectuat analize și pe drumul spre vârf.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Chiar și la Tabăra de Bază, nivelul scăzut al oxigenului disponibil are un efect direct asupra saturației cu oxigen a sângelui. La nivelul mării, acesta este de regulă între 98% și 99%, dar în Tabăra de Bază acesta a scăzut la 85-87%. Probele de sânge recoltate în vârf au indicat niveluri foarte scăzute de oxigen. Lipsa de oxigen, extenuarea, frigul extrem și pericolele ascensiunii contribuie toate la gradul de periculozitate al muntelui.</p> <p>Oamenii care mor în timpul ascensiunii sunt de obicei lăsați în urmă. Aproximativ 150 de cadavre nu au fost recuperate. De multe ori, cadavrele sunt vizibile de pe traseele obișnuite de ascensiune.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Există și un fenomen periculos, însă, care nu pune în pericol viața oamenilor pe Everest — trăsnetul. Trăsnetele nu lovesc pe Everest. Sistemele NASA de detecție a trăsnetelor înregistrează numeroase trăsnete în Podișul Tibet, dar nu și în Munții Himalaya, de la 2.000 m altitudine în sus.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Utilizarea_tuburilor_de_oxigen">Utilizarea tuburilor de oxigen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Utilizarea tuburilor de oxigen" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <p>Majoritatea expedițiilor folosesc tuburi și măști de oxigen la altitudini de peste 8.000 m.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Everest poate fi escaladat și fără oxigen suplimentar dar cu riscuri mai mari. Oamenii nu mai gândesc clar dacă nu au oxigen suficient, și combinația de condiții meteo dificile, temperaturi scăzute și pante abrupte necesită capacitatea de a lua rapid decizii corecte.</p> <p>Utilizarea tuburilor de oxigen în încercările de a urca pe Everest a fost controversată. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Mallory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Mallory">George Mallory</a> a spus despre utilizarea lor că este nesportivă, dar până la urmă a ajuns la concluzia că este imposibil de ajuns pe vârf fără tuburi de oxigen și, în consecință, le-a folosit el însuși.<sup id="cite_ref-nova_lost_58-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nova_lost-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Când <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing</a> și Hillary au ajuns pentru prima oară pe vârf în 1953, au folosit măști de oxigen. În următorii douăzeci și cinci de ani, tuburile de oxigen deveniseră echipament standard la orice tentativă.</p> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reinhold_Messner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reinhold Messner">Reinhold Messner</a> a fost primul care a încălcat tradiția tuburilor de oxigen și, în 1978, împreună cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Peter_Habeler&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Peter Habeler — pagină inexistentă">Peter Habeler</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495503" class="extiw" title="d:Q495503"><span title="Peter Habeler la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, a realizat prima ascensiune reușită fără ele. Deși a fost criticat, sugerându-se că ar fi folosit mini-sticle cu oxigen — ceea ce Messner a negat — Messner a urcat apoi pe vârf singur, fără oxigen suplimentar și fără cărăuși sau partener, pe traseul nord-vestic, mai dificil, în 1980.</p> <p>Controversa privind tuburile de oxigen s-a intensificat după dezastrul din 1996. Prin cartea lui, <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Into_Thin_Air?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Into Thin Air">Into Thin Air</a></i> (1997), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jon_Krakauer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jon Krakauer">Jon Krakauer</a> a criticat utilizarea tuburilor de oxigen. Krakauer a scris că utilizarea tuburilor de oxigen permite unor alpiniști, altfel nepregătiți, să încerce ascensiunea vârfului, conducând la situații periculoase și morți. Dezastrul din 11 mai 1996 a fost parțial cauzat de numărul foarte mare de alpiniști (34 în acea zi) care încercau să urce, cauzând aglomerație la Treapta Hillary și întârziind pe ceilalți, dintre care majoritatea au ajuns la vârf după ora 14, oră la care de obicei cei care nu au ajuns pe vârf se întorc în tabără. El a propus interzicerea utilizării tuburilor de oxigen în afara cazurilor de urgență, argumentând că aceasta ar duce și la scăderea poluării Everestului — multe sticle goale s-au adunat pe pantele sale — și ar ține alpiniștii nepregătiți departe de munte.</p> <p>Dezastrul din 1996 a pus în discuție și chestiunea rolului ghidului în utilizarea măștilor de oxigen.<sup id="cite_ref-salon_59-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-salon-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Decizia ghidului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Anatoli_Bukreev&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Anatoli Bukreev — pagină inexistentă">Anatoli Bukreev</a> de a nu folosi tuburi de oxigen a fost aspru criticată de Jon Krakauer. Susținătorii lui Bukreev (printre care G. Weston DeWalt, coautor al cărții <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Climb&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="The Climb — pagină inexistentă">The Climb</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133663" class="extiw" title="d:Q5133663"><span title="The Climb la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup></i>) au afirmat că utilizarea tuburilor de oxigen dă un fals sentiment de siguranță.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Krakauer și susținătorii săi arată că, nefolosind tuburi de oxigen, Bukreev nu a putut să-și ajute în mod direct clientul la coborâre.<sup id="cite_ref-salongarner_61-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-salongarner-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ei susțin că Bukreev a spus că îl însoțește pe clientul său, Martin Adams,<sup id="cite_ref-salongarner_61-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-salongarner-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dar chiar înainte de piscul sudic, Bukreev și-a dat seama că Adams se descurcă bine cu coborârea și a mărit viteza de coborâre, lăsându-l pe Adams în urmă. Adams spune în <i>The Climb</i>: „Pentru mine, era un lucru normal, Anatoli mergea în față, iar pe mine nu mă deranja asta.”<sup id="cite_ref-The_Climb_62-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-The_Climb-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Infracționalitate"><span id="Infrac.C8.9Bionalitate"></span>Infracționalitate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Infracționalitate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <p>Unii alpiniști au raportat furturi din provizii, furturi care le pun viețile în pericol. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vitor_Negrete&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Vitor Negrete — pagină inexistentă">Vitor Negrete</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7937197" class="extiw" title="d:Q7937197"><span title="Vitor Negrete la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, primul brazilian care a urcat pe Everest fără oxigen, și care făcea parte din grupul lui David Sharp, a murit în timpul unei ascensiuni, și furturile din tabăra sa de la mare altitudine au contribuit la aceasta.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În plus față de furturi, cartea lui Michael Kodas <i>High Crimes</i>, lansată în 2008 descrie lipsa de etică a unor șerpași și călăuze, prostituție și jocuri de noroc la Tabăra de Bază din Tibet, fraude la vânzarea tuburilor de oxigen, și alpiniști care adună donații sub pretenția că adună gunoaie de pe munte.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Flora_și_fauna"><span id="Flora_.C8.99i_fauna"></span>Flora și fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Flora și fauna" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <p>La altitudini înalte, există puține forme de viață care se pot adapta la condițiile climatice extreme. <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Euophrys_omnisuperstes&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Euophrys omnisuperstes — pagină inexistentă">Euophrys omnisuperstes</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135825" class="extiw" title="d:Q135825"><span title="Euophrys omnisuperstes la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup></i>, un păianjen minuscul, a fost descoperit până la altitudini de 6.700 m. Aceste ființe trăiesc în crevase, hrănindu-se cu insecte înghețate aduse de vânt. Este posibil să existe forme de viață microscopice la altitudini și mai mari. <sup id="cite_ref-wanless_65-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-wanless-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pas%C4%83re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pasăre">Păsări</a>, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%A2sc%C4%83_de_India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gâscă de India">gâsca cu capul vărgat</a>, au fost găsite zburând la altitudini mari în zona muntelui, iar altele, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Corb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Corb">corbul</a> au fost văzute chiar pe Pasul Sudic (7.920 m),<sup id="cite_ref-jhunt_66-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-jhunt-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hrănindu-se cu resturi de mâncare sau chiar cu cadavre, rămase în urma expedițiilor.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Geologia">Geologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Geologia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol are nevoie de atenția unui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Expert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Expert">expert</a> în geologie.</b><br> Recrutați unul sau, dacă sunteți în măsură, <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DEverest%26action%3Dedit">ajutați</a> chiar dumneavoastră la îmbunătățirea articolului!<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Geologii au împărțit rocile ce compun Everestul în trei unități, numite "<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Forma%C8%9Biune_geologic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Formațiune geologică — pagină inexistentă">formațiuni</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Scientiav5-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IslandArcv14-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fiecare din aceste formațiuni sunt despărțite una de alta de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Falie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Falie">falii</a>, de-a lungul cărora au fost presate una de cealaltă. De la vârful Everest până la bază, aceste roci reprezintă Formațiunea Qomolangma, Formațiunea Pasul Nordic, și Formațiunea Rongbuk.</p> <p>De la vârf până la începutul Bandei Galbene, la aproximativ 8.600 m peste nivelul mării, vârful Everestului constă din Formațiunea Qomolangma, denumită și <i>Formațiunea Everest</i> sau <i>Formațiunea Jolmo Lungama</i>. Ea constă din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Calcar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Calcar">calcar</a> paralel laminat și sedimentat, alb sau cenușiu-deschis, cu straturi de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dolomit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Dolomit">dolomit</a> recristalizat, și cu lame argiloase și din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limon_(roc%C4%83)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limon (rocă)">Silt</a>. Gansser a raportat găsirea de fragmente vizivile de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Crinoid%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Crinoidă — pagină inexistentă">crinoide</a> în aceste calcare.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Analizele petrografice ale probelor din acest calcar <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ordovician?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ordovician">ordovician</a> din apropierea vârfului au arătat că acestea sunt compuse din pastile de carbonați și resturi fin fragmentate de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trilobit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trilobit">trilobiți</a>, crinoide, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ostracode?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ostracode">ostracode</a>. Alte probe fuseseră atât de puternic dezmembrate și recristalizate încât nu au putut fi determinate componentele lor inițiale. Formațiunea Qomolangma este divizată de câteva falii cu unghi mare care se termină la falia de unghi scăzut, Falia Qomolangma. Această falie o separă de Banda Galbenă de dedesubt. Ultimii cinci metri din partea inferioară a Formațiunii Qomolangma, chiar de deasupra faliei, sunt puternic deformați.<sup id="cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Scientiav5-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IslandArcv14-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Grosul Everestului, între 7.000 și 8.600 m, constă din Formațiunea Pasul Nordic, a cărei parte superioară o formează Banda Galbenă, între 8.200–8.600 m. Banda galbenă constă din straturi intercalate de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marmur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marmură">marmură</a>, de o culoare brună-gălbuie, precum și din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Filit&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Filit — pagină inexistentă">filit</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C8%98ist&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Șist — pagină inexistentă">semișist</a>. Analiza petrografică a marmurei colectate de la aproximativ 8.300 m a arătat că ea constă, în proporție de 5%, din urme de schelete de crinoide recristalizate. Cei cinci metri ai Benzii Galbene aflați lângă Falia Qomolangma sunt puternic deformați. Un strat de 5–40 cm grosime de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brecie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brecie">Breccia</a> o separă de Formațiunea Qomolangma.<sup id="cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Scientiav5-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IslandArcv14-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Restul Formațiunii Pasul Nordic, expusă între 7.000 și 8.200 m pe Everest, constă din straturi de șist, filit și marmură. Între 7.600 și 8.200 m, Formațiunea Pasul Nordic constă din filit biotit-cuarț și filit clorit-biotit intercalate cu cantități minor de șist biotit-sericit-cuarț. Între 7.000–7.600 m, partea inferioară a Formațiunii Pasul Nordic constă din șist cuarț-biotit intercalat cu șist epidot-cuarț, șist biotit-calcit-cuarț, și straturi subțiri de marmură cuarțoasă. Aceste roci metamorfice par a fi rezultate din metamorfismul unor <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fli%C8%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fliș">flișuri</a> marine compuse sau sedimentate, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lut">lut</a>, gresie argiloasă, gresie calcaroasă, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Grauwacke&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Grauwacke — pagină inexistentă">Grauwacke</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917545" class="extiw" title="d:Q917545"><span title="Grauwacke la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, și gresie nisipoasă. Baza Formațiunii Pasul Nordic este o falie numită “Falia Lhotse”.<sup id="cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Scientiav5-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IslandArcv14-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Sub 7.000 m, Formațiunea Rongbuk formează baza Everestului. Ea constă din șist silminit-K-feldspat și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gneiss?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gneiss">gneiss</a> cu numeroase <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sill&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sill — pagină inexistentă">Sill</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405634" class="extiw" title="d:Q405634"><span title="Sill la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>uri și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dike&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dike — pagină inexistentă">Dike</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911904" class="extiw" title="d:Q911904"><span title="Dike la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>-uri de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Granit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Granit">leucogranit</a> cu grosimi de la un cm la 1.500 m.<sup id="cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IslandArcv14-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aceste leucogranite fac parte dintr-o centură de roci intruzive din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oligocen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oligocen">oligocenul</a> târziu și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miocen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miocen">miocen</a> cunoscute drept leucogranite de Himalaya Înaltă. Ele s-au format ca urmare a topirii parțiale a rocilor metasedimentare din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paleoproterozoic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paleoproterozoic">Paleoproterozoic</a> până la Ordovician din Secvența Himalaya Înaltă acum 20 până la 24 milioane de ani în timpul subducției Plăcii Indiene.<sup id="cite_ref-GuoOthers2012_71-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-GuoOthers2012-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Muntele Everest constă din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roc%C4%83_sedimentar%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rocă sedimentară">roci sedimentare</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roc%C4%83_metamorfic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rocă metamorfică">metamorfice</a> fracturate spre sud deasupra scoarței continentale, compuse din granulite din Arhean din Placa Indiană <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Geologia_Mun%C8%9Bilor_Himalaya&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Geologia Munților Himalaya — pagină inexistentă">din timpul coliziunii în Cenozoic a Indiei cu Asia</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2937950" class="extiw" title="d:Q2937950"><span title="geologia Munților Himalaya la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_nature_72-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-pbs_nature-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USGS_73-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-USGS-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Interpretările actuale susțin că formațiunile Qomolangma și Colul Nordic constau din sedimente marine acumulate pe platoul continental al marginii pasive, nordice, a Indiei înainte de ciocnirea cu Asia. Coliziunea din Cenozoic a Indiei cu Asia a deformat și metamorfozat apoi aceste strate împingându-le în sus și înspre sud.<sup id="cite_ref-MyrowOthers2003a_75-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-MyrowOthers2003a-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MyrowOthers2012a_76-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-MyrowOthers2012a-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formațiunea Rongbuk constă dintr-o secvență de roci metamorfice de grad ridicat și granitice derivate din alternarea de roci metasedimentare de grad ridicat. În timpul coloziunii Indiei cu Asia, aceste roci au fost împinse în jos și către nord fiind acoperite de alte strate; încălzite, metamorfozate și parțial topite la adâncimi de peste 15–20 km sub nivelul mării; și apoi împinse din nou în sus la suprafață către sud între doua detașări majore.<sup id="cite_ref-Searle2012a_77-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Searle2012a-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Munții Himalaya cresc în înălțime cu circa 5 mm pe an.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List%C4%83_de_mun%C8%9Bi_din_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Listă de munți din China">Listă de munți din China</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List%C4%83_de_superlative_geografice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Listă de superlative geografice">Listă de superlative geografice</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Note_de_completare">Note de completare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note de completare" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-base-26">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-base_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-base_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">„Baza” unui munte este o noțiune în general problematică fără o definiție universal acceptată. Totuși, pentru un vârf care se află pe un teren relativ plat, cum sunt Mauna Kea și Denali, se poate calcula o înălțime <i>aproximativă</i> deasupra „bazei”. Pentru Everest, situația este mai complicată, deoarece el este pe un teren relativ plat doar în partea sa nordică (înspre Podișul Tibet). Astfel, conceptul de „bază” are și mai puțin sens pentru Everest decât pentru Mauna Kea sau Denali, iar intervalul de numere pentru înălțimea „de la bază la vârf” este mai larg. În general, comparațiile bazate pe înălțimea „de la bază la vârf” sunt întrucâtva lipsite de substanță.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Note_bibliografice">Note bibliografice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note bibliografice" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-83d077fa9233340c3ce4bc98ffa9d91b-1"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-83d077fa9233340c3ce4bc98ffa9d91b_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/natur/mount-everest-ist-jetzt-86-zentimeter-hoeher-a-df628d5e-9344-4fa2-af33-783c7ddcfc1f"><i>Mount Everest ist jetzt 86 Zentimeter höher</i></a> (în germană), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spiegel_Online?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spiegel Online">Der Spiegel (online)</a>, <time datetime="2020-12-08">8 decembrie 2020</time><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2024-05-30">30 mai 2024</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mount+Everest+ist+jetzt+86+Zentimeter+h%C3%B6her&rft.pub=Der+Spiegel+%28online%29&rft.date=2020-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fwissenschaft%2Fnatur%2Fmount-everest-ist-jetzt-86-zentimeter-hoeher-a-df628d5e-9344-4fa2-af33-783c7ddcfc1f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-842d3497d0117872e67439650e5c26ce-2"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-842d3497d0117872e67439650e5c26ce_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNavin_Singh_Khadka2020" class="citation">Navin Singh Khadka (<time datetime="2020-12-08">8 decembrie 2020</time>), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-55218443"><i>Mt Everest grows by nearly a metre to new height</i></a> (în engleză), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/British_Broadcasting_Corporation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="British Broadcasting Corporation">British Broadcasting Corporation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2024-05-30">30 mai 2024</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mt+Everest+grows+by+nearly+a+metre+to+new+height&rft.pub=British+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft.date=2020-12-08&rft.au=Navin+Singh+Khadka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-55218443&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-96414f91692e3b9eba24dbc0dcb3fbf7-3"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-96414f91692e3b9eba24dbc0dcb3fbf7_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://op.europa.eu/web/eu-vocabularies/at-dataset/-/resource/dataset/language"><i><span lang="en">Language</span></i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3ELanguage%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fop.europa.eu%2Fweb%2Feu-vocabularies%2Fat-dataset%2F-%2Fresource%2Fdataset%2Flanguage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-everest_bwp70-4">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everest_bwp70_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Peter Gillman, ed. (<time datetime="1993">1993</time>). <i>Everest - The Best Writing and Pictures from Seventy Years of Human Endeavour</i>. Little, Brown and Company. pp. 10–13. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-316-90489-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-316-90489-6">978-0-316-90489-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Everest+-+The+Best+Writing+and+Pictures+from+Seventy+Years+of+Human+Endeavour&rft.pages=10-13&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-316-90489-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_mwde-5"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-BBC_mwde_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3193576.stm">„The man who 'discovered' Everest”</a> (în engleză). BBC News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+man+who+%27discovered%27+Everest&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fsouth_asia%2F3193576.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-tas1982-6"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-tas1982_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Letters to the Editor, <i>The American Statistician</i>, Vol. 36, No. 1 (Feb., 1982), pp. 64-67 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.jstor.org/pss/2684102">JSTOR</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">The Times (India și China). Sâmbătă 4 octombrie 1856. Numărul 22490, col B, pg. 8.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-rgs1857-8"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-rgs1857_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">"Papers relating to the Himalaya and Mount Everest", <i>Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London</i>, no.IX pp.345-351, aprilie-mai 1857.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.harappa.com/engr/darjeeling.html%23everest">„Mt. Everest 1857”</a>. <i>harappa.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-01-23">23 ianuarie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=harappa.com&rft.atitle=Mt.+Everest+1857&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.harappa.com%2Fengr%2Fdarjeeling.html%23everest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Everest%252C%2520Mount?r%3D14">Everest, Mount - Definitions from Dictionary.com</a> (Pe baza Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2006)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Claypole, Jonty (Director); Kunzru, Hari (Presenter). (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0074phg">Mapping Everest</a> (documentar TV). Londra: BBC Television.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-waddell-12"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-waddell_12-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">L. A. Waddell, "The Environs and Native Names of Mount Everest," <i>The Geographical Journal</i>, Vol. 12, No. 6 (Dec. 1898), pp. 564-569. Available at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici%3D0016-7398(189812)12%253A6%253C564%253ATEANNO%253E2.0.CO%253B2-A">JSTOR</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Unsworth584-13"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Unsworth584_13-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Unsworth, Walt (<time datetime="2000">2000</time>). <i>Everest - The Mountaineering History</i> (în engleză) (ed. ediția a treia). Bâton Wicks. pp. p.584. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-1898573401?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-1898573401">978-1898573401</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Everest+-+The+Mountaineering+History&rft.pages=p.584&rft.edition=edi%C8%9Bia+a+treia&rft.pub=B%C3%A2ton+Wicks&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1898573401&rft.aulast=Unsworth&rft.aufirst=Walt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Mentenanță CS1: Text în plus (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Categorie:Mentenan%C8%9B%C4%83_CS1:_Text_%C3%AEn_plus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Categorie:Mentenanță CS1: Text în plus">link</a>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://english.people.com.cn/200211/19/eng20021119_107017.shtml">„Nu Everest, ci Muntele Qomolangma”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nu+Everest%2C+ci+Muntele+Qomolangma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.people.com.cn%2F200211%2F19%2Feng20021119_107017.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-10/09/content_3597013.htm">„China says Mount Qomolangma stands at 8844.43”</a>. Xinhua.net<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+says+Mount+Qomolangma+stands+at+8844.43&rft.pub=Xinhua.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish%2F2005-10%2F09%2Fcontent_3597013.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/enviro/EnviroRepublish_1478658.htm">„Everest not as tall as thought”</a>. abc.au. <time datetime="2005-10-10">10 octombrie 2005</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everest+not+as+tall+as+thought&rft.pub=abc.au&rft.date=2005-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fscience%2Fnews%2Fenviro%2FEnviroRepublish_1478658.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/enviro/EnviroRepublish_1478658.htm">„ABC.net”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ABC.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fscience%2Fnews%2Fenviro%2FEnviroRepublish_1478658.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-alpres-18"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-alpres_18-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103165811/http://www.alpineresearch.ch/alpine/en/presse1.html">„Alpine Research”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.alpineresearch.ch/alpine/en/presse1.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2007-01-03">3 ianuarie 2007</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alpine+Research&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alpineresearch.ch%2Falpine%2Fen%2Fpresse1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314011131/http://www.nepalgov.gov.np/countryprofile.php">„Nepalese government site”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nepalgov.gov.np/countryprofile.php">original</a> la <time datetime="2007-03-14">14 martie 2007</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nepalese+government+site&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nepalgov.gov.np%2Fcountryprofile.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-washburn_map-20">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-washburn_map_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-washburn_map_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Muntele Everest</i> (hartă la scara 1:50000), pregătită sub îndrumarea lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bradford_Washburn&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bradford Washburn — pagină inexistentă">Bradford Washburn</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331125" class="extiw" title="d:Q331125"><span title="Bradford Washburn la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> pentru Museum of Science din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boston?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Fundația Elvețiană pentru Cercetări Alpine, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Geographic_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a>, 1991, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/3855151059?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-85515-105-9</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerat1-21"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-autogenerat1_21-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103165811/http://www.alpineresearch.ch/alpine/en/presse1.html">„www.alpineresearch.ch/alpine/en/presse1.html”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.alpineresearch.ch/alpine/en/presse1.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2007-01-03">3 ianuarie 2007</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=www.alpineresearch.ch%2Falpine%2Fen%2Fpresse1.html&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alpineresearch.ch%2Falpine%2Fen%2Fpresse1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/features/99/everest/roof_content.html">„National Geographic”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Geographic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Ffeatures%2F99%2Feverest%2Froof_content.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20061108172757/http://www.mos.org/Everest/exhibit/platetectonics.htm">„Museum of Science”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mos.org/Everest/exhibit/platetectonics.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2006-11-08">8 noiembrie 2006</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museum+of+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mos.org%2FEverest%2Fexhibit%2Fplatetectonics.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> Acum aflat la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mos.org/Everest/exhibit/platetectonics.htm">Now hosted at the Internet Archive</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20061108172757/http://www.mos.org/Everest/exhibit/platetectonics.htm">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2006-11-08">8 noiembrie 2006</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4204539.stm">„BBC News”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2F4204539.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6201399.stm">„India and China in warming study”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-04-01">1 aprilie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India+and+China+in+warming+study&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fsouth_asia%2F6201399.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/denali/expedition/mission.html">„NOVA Online: Surviving Denali, The Mission”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-06-07">7 iunie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NOVA+Online%3A+Surviving+Denali%2C+The+Mission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fnova%2Fdenali%2Fexpedition%2Fmission.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-evhist-28">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-evhist_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-evhist_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-evhist_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-evhist_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.everesthistory.com/routes.htm">„EverestHistory.com: Ascent Routes on Everest”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-01-23">23 ianuarie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EverestHistory.com%3A+Ascent+Routes+on+Everest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.everesthistory.com%2Froutes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-ngetl-29"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ngetl_29-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Thompson, Kalee (<time datetime="2003-04-02">2 aprilie 2003</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.nationalgeographic.com//news/2003/04/0401_030401_everesttimeline.html">„Everest Time Line: 80 Years of Triumph and Tragedy”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-03-28">28 martie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everest+Time+Line%3A+80+Years+of+Triumph+and+Tragedy&rft.date=2003-04-02&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Kalee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2F%2Fnews%2F2003%2F04%2F0401_030401_everesttimeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Mai multe valori specificate pentru <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|author=</code> și <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|last=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#redundant_parameters" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-30"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nytimes_30-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">NY Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res%3D9E01EFDD1E38F93AA25756C0A961958260">„Climbing Mount Everest”</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climbing+Mount+Everest&rft.au=NY+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9E01EFDD1E38F93AA25756C0A961958260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-te03-31"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-te03_31-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Team Everest 03. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100211140355/http://www.teameverest03.org/everest_info/index.html">„Mt. Everest Information”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.teameverest03.org/everest_info/index.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2010-02-11">11 februarie 2010</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-26">26 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mt.+Everest+Information&rft.au=Team+Everest+03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teameverest03.org%2Feverest_info%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-nova-climb-32">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nova-climb_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nova-climb_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nova-climb_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nova-climb_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/climb/waytosummitsou.html">The Way to the Summit</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-NOVA_wtsn-33"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NOVA_wtsn_33-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/climb/waytosummitnor.html">„The Way to the Summit (North)”</a> (în engleză). PBS NOVA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-03-28">28 martie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Way+to+the+Summit+%28North%29&rft.pub=PBS+NOVA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fnova%2Feverest%2Fclimb%2Fwaytosummitnor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">William Buxton. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.billbuxton.com/everest.pdf">„From First Sight to Summit: A Guide to the Literature on Everest up to the 1953 Ascent”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PDF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> (în engleză)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-01-23">23 ianuarie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=From+First+Sight+to+Summit%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Literature+on+Everest+up+to+the+1953+Ascent&rft.au=William+Buxton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billbuxton.com%2Feverest.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-flymicro-35"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-flymicro_35-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.flymicro.com/everest/index.cfm?page%3Ddocs%252FHistory%252FAeroplanes.htm">Aeroplane expeditions to Everest</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-k2news_woe-36"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-k2news_woe_36-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.k2news.com/wingsover.htm">Wings Over Everest 2003</a> K2 News</span></li> <li id="cite_note-evhist_timeline-37"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-evhist_timeline_37-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.everesthistory.com/time3.htm">Time Line</a> Everest History</span></li> <li id="cite_note-38"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-38">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=James_Ramsey_Ullman&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="James Ramsey Ullman — pagină inexistentă">James Ramsey Ullman</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6141832" class="extiw" title="d:Q6141832"><span title="James Ramsey Ullman la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, <i>Man of Everest</i> (1955, publicat și sub titlul <i>Tiger of the Snows</i>)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-NOVA_fwo-39"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NOVA_fwo_39-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/history/firstwoo2.html">Everest - First without oxygen</a> PBS NOVA</span></li> <li id="cite_note-NewScientist-40"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-NewScientist_40-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg18224492-200-the-day-the-sky-fell-on-everest/">„The day the sky fell on Everest”</a>. <i>New Scientist</i> (2449): 15. <time datetime="2004-05-29">29 mai 2004</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2024-06-04">4 iunie 2024</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=The+day+the+sky+fell+on+Everest&rft.issue=2449&rft.pages=15&rft.date=2004-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fmg18224492-200-the-day-the-sky-fell-on-everest%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-BioEd_Online-41"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-BioEd_Online_41-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web">Peplow, Mark (<time datetime="2004-05-25">25 mai 2004</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bioedonline.org/news/news.cfm?art%3D986">„High winds suck oxygen from Everest Predicting pressure lows could protect climbers”</a>. BioEd Online<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2006-12-11">11 decembrie 2006</time></span>. <q>Moore a explicat că acești curenți bruști pot duce foarte mult aer în sus pe versantul muntelui, reducând presiunea atmosferică. El a calculat că aceasta reduce presiunea parțială a oxigenului în aer cu aproximativ 6%, ceea ce se traduce într-o reducere cu 14% a oxigenului inspirat de alpiniști. Aerul de la acea altitudine conține oricum de trei ori mai puțin oxigen ca aerul de la nivelul mării.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=High+winds+suck+oxygen+from+Everest+Predicting+pressure+lows+could+protect+climbers.&rft.pub=BioEd+Online&rft.date=2004-05-25&rft.aulast=Peplow&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bioedonline.org%2Fnews%2Fnews.cfm%3Fart%3D986&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-eurocopter-42"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-eurocopter_42-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002195526/http://www.eurocopter.com/site/docs_wsw/RUB_10101/pa-spe2006-06-03.pdf">„Piloți legendari”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eurocopter.com/site/docs_wsw/RUB_10101/pa-spe2006-06-03.pdf">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> la <time datetime="2008-10-02">2 octombrie 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-29">29 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pilo%C8%9Bi+legendari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurocopter.com%2Fsite%2Fdocs_wsw%2FRUB_10101%2Fpa-spe2006-06-03.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-fai-43"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-fai_43-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://records.fai.org/rotorcraft/current.asp?id1%3D112%26id2%3D1%26id3%3D2">Federation Aeronautique Internationale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029033952/http://records.fai.org/rotorcraft/current.asp?id1%3D112%26id2%3D1%26id3%3D2">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-10-29">29 octombrie 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. (Căutare: "Everest").</span></li> <li id="cite_note-everestnet-44"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-everestnet_44-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113192323/http://www.mounteverest.net/story/FrenchEverestMysteryChoppersUtopiasummit-VIDEOMay272005.shtml">„French Everest Mystery Chopper's Utopia summit”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mounteverest.net/story/FrenchEverestMysteryChoppersUtopiasummit-VIDEOMay272005.shtml">original</a> la <time datetime="2015-01-13">13 ianuarie 2015</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-29">29 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=French+Everest+Mystery+Chopper%27s+Utopia+summit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mounteverest.net%2Fstory%2FFrenchEverestMysteryChoppersUtopiasummit-VIDEOMay272005.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-abcnews052006-45"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-abcnews052006_45-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200605/s1645603.htm">„Everest climber defends leaving dying Briton”</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060823184345/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200605/s1645603.htm">Arhivat</a> din originalul de la <time datetime="2006-08-23">23 august 2006</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2006-08-23">23 august 2006</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everest+climber+defends+leaving+dying+Briton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2Fnewsitems%2F200605%2Fs1645603.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-46"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-46">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24501387/">Olympic torch reaches Mount Everest summit</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-47"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-47">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/26/opinion/26kodas.html">The Height of Avarice</a>, <i>The New York Times, 26 June 2007</i></span></li> <li id="cite_note-48"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-48">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">R.M. (<time datetime="2010-05-22">22 mai 2010</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://sport.hotnews.ro/stiri-extrem-7303514-american-13-ani-devenit-cel-mai-tanar-alpinist-care-cucerit-everestul.htm">„Un american de 13 ani a devenit cel mai tanar alpinist care a cucerit Everestul”</a>. Hotnews.ro.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Un+american+de+13+ani+a+devenit+cel+mai+tanar+alpinist+care+a+cucerit+Everestul&rft.pub=Hotnews.ro&rft.date=2010-05-22&rft.au=R.M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsport.hotnews.ro%2Fstiri-extrem-7303514-american-13-ani-devenit-cel-mai-tanar-alpinist-care-cucerit-everestul.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-49"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-49">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/8061443.stm">„Super Sherpa repeats Everest feat”</a> (în engleză). BBC News. <time datetime="2009-05-21">21 mai 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-05-22">22 mai 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Super+Sherpa+repeats+Everest+feat&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2009-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2F8061443.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-50"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-50">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216125646/https://explorersweb.com/everest_k2/news.php?id%3D19380">„Everest summits from both sides”</a>. Explorersweb.com. <time datetime="2010-05-21">21 mai 2010</time>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://explorersweb.com/everest_k2/news.php?id%3D19380">original</a> la <time datetime="2022-02-16">16 februarie 2022</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-05-22">22 mai 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Everest+summits+from+both+sides&rft.pub=Explorersweb.com&rft.date=2010-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexplorersweb.com%2Feverest_k2%2Fnews.php%3Fid%3D19380&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-51"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mounteverest.net/news.php?id%3D16931">Everest 2008: Marc Batard back for speed record attempt on north side</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122132244/http://www.mounteverest.net/news.php?id%3D16931">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2008-01-22">22 ianuarie 2008</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., MountEverest.net, 21 January 2008</span></li> <li id="cite_note-52"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-52">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://parada.ro/detalii_articol.php?s%3DStiinta%2Bsi%2Btehnica%26a%3DRecord%2Bpe%2BEverest,51">„Record pe Everest”</a>. parada.ro. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/29_mai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="29 mai">29 mai</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2008?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2008">2008</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <span class="nowrap">29 mai</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Record+pe+Everest&rft.pub=parada.ro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fparada.ro%2Fdetalii_articol.php%3Fs%3DStiinta%2Bsi%2Btehnica%26a%3DRecord%2Bpe%2BEverest%2C51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați datele pentru: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bad_date" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> - Cel mai vârstnic om care a cucerit Everestul.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-53"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227092410/http://altitude.org/calculators/airpressure.htm">„Online high altitude oxygen calculator”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.altitude.org/calculators/airpressure.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2009-02-27">27 februarie 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-08-15">15 august 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online+high+altitude+oxygen+calculator&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.altitude.org%2Fcalculators%2Fairpressure.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-54"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-54">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080606065437/http://www.xtreme-everest.co.uk/news_detail.php?article%3D196">„Caudwell Xtreme Everest 2007”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.xtreme-everest.co.uk/news_detail.php?article%3D196">original</a> la <time datetime="2008-06-06">6 iunie 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-03-28">28 martie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Caudwell+Xtreme+Everest+2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xtreme-everest.co.uk%2Fnews_detail.php%3Farticle%3D196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-55"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/the-deadly-business-of-climbing-everest/2006/06/02/1148956544080.html?page%3Dfullpage%23contentSwap2">The deadly business of climbing Everest</a>, <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Age&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="The Age — pagină inexistentă">The Age</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631893" class="extiw" title="d:Q631893"><span title="The Age la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup></i>, 3 iunie 2006</span></li> <li id="cite_note-56"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-56">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517085158/http://www.weatherquesting.com/MtEverestLightning.htm">„Does lightning strike Mount Everest?”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weatherquesting.com/MtEverestLightning.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2008-05-17">17 mai 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-30">30 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Does+lightning+strike+Mount+Everest%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatherquesting.com%2FMtEverestLightning.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-57"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-57">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Charles Corfield. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://classic.mountainzone.com/everest/98/climb5-21oxygen.html">„Chamber of Horrors: The Oxygen Mask”</a>. Mountainzone<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2024-06-04">4 iunie 2024</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chamber+of+Horrors%3A+The+Oxygen+Mask&rft.pub=Mountainzone&rft.au=Charles+Corfield&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassic.mountainzone.com%2Feverest%2F98%2Fclimb5-21oxygen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-nova_lost-58"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nova_lost_58-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/lost/mystery/">„NOVA Online | Lost on Everest | The Mystery of Mallory & Irvine '24”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-01-23">23 ianuarie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NOVA+Online+%7C+Lost+on+Everest+%7C+The+Mystery+of+Mallory+%26amp%3B+Irvine+%2724&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fnova%2Feverest%2Flost%2Fmystery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-salon-59"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-salon_59-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Dezbaterea între G. Weston DeWalt și Jon Krakauer despre tuburile de oxigen și acțiunile lui Bukreev pot fi găsite la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816192549/http://www.salon.com/wlust/feature/1998/08/07featurea.html">Salon debates</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-60"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205083740/http://www.gsk.com/people/mogens/acclimatisation.htm">„GlaxoSmithKline: On top of the world - Acclimatisation”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.gsk.com/people/mogens/acclimatisation.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2008-02-05">5 februarie 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-01-23">23 ianuarie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GlaxoSmithKline%3A+On+top+of+the+world+-+Acclimatisation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gsk.com%2Fpeople%2Fmogens%2Facclimatisation.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-salongarner-61">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-salongarner_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-salongarner_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Dwight Salon (august 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20000303032319/http://www.salon.com/wlust/feature/1998/08/cov_03feature3.html">„Coborârea, pagina 3”</a>. salon.com. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.salon.com/wlust/feature/1998/08/cov_03feature3.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2000-03-03">3 martie 2000</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-30">30 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cobor%C3%A2rea%2C+pagina+3&rft.pub=salon.com&rft.date=1998-08&rft.au=Dwight+Salon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2Fwlust%2Ffeature%2F1998%2F08%2Fcov_03feature3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-The_Climb-62"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-The_Climb_62-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bukreev, Anatoli. <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=The_Climb&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="The Climb — pagină inexistentă">The Climb</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133663" class="extiw" title="d:Q5133663"><span title="The Climb la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup></i>. St. Martins Paperbacks. pp. p. 182. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0-312-96533-8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/0-312-96533-8">0-312-96533-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3AThe+Climb%3Csup%3E%3Csmall%3E%E2%81%A0%28%3Cspan+title%3D%22The+Climb+la+Wikidata%22%3Ed%3C%2Fspan%3E%29%3C%2Fsmall%3E%3C%2Fsup%3E&rft.pages=p.+182&rft.pub=St.+Martins+Paperbacks&rft.isbn=0-312-96533-8&rft.aulast=Bukreev&rft.aufirst=Anatoli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Mentenanță CS1: Text în plus (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Categorie:Mentenan%C8%9B%C4%83_CS1:_Text_%C3%AEn_plus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Categorie:Mentenanță CS1: Text în plus">link</a>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-63"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-63">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mounteverest.net/news.php?id%3D2092">Articol pe site-ul Mounteverest.net</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206171425/http://www.mounteverest.net/news.php?id%3D2092">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-02-06">6 februarie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Vezi și <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mounteverest.net/news.php?id%3D2069">al doilea articol.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316061323/http://www.mounteverest.net/news.php?id%3D2069">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-03-16">16 martie 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-64"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-64">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.motherjones.com/arts/books/2008/02/go-sell-it-on-the-mountain.html">Go Sell It on the Mountain</a>, <i>Mother Jones</i>, 1 februarie 2008</span></li> <li id="cite_note-wanless-65"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-wanless_65-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Wanless, F.R. (<time datetime="1975">1975</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.britishspiders.org.uk/">„Spiders of the family Salticidae from the upper slopes of Everest and Makalu”</a>. British Arachnological Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-03-21">21 martie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Spiders+of+the+family+Salticidae+from+the+upper+slopes+of+Everest+and+Makalu&rft.date=1975&rft.au=Wanless%2C+F.R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishspiders.org.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-jhunt-66"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-jhunt_66-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Cartea <i>Ascensiune pe Everest</i> de John Hunt (Hodder & Stoughton, 1953). În capitolul 14, Hunt descrie un corb văzut pe Pasul Sudic; între timp Charles Evans a văzut niște păsări neidentificate care au zburat peste Pas.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Scientiav5-67">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Scientiav5_67-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Yin, C.-H. și Kuo, S.-T. 1978: "Stratigraphy of the Mount Jolmo Lungma and its north slope." Scientia Sinica. v. 5, pp. 630-644</span></li> <li id="cite_note-IslandArcv14-68">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IslandArcv14_68-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Sakai, H., M. Sawada,Y. Takigami, Y. Orihashi, T. Danhara, H. Iwano, Y. Kuwahara, Q. Dong, H. Cai, and J. Li. 2005. "Geology of the summit limestone of Mount Qomolangma (Everest) and cooling history of the Yellow Band under the Qomolangma detachment." <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Island_Arc&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Island Arc — pagină inexistentă">Island Arc</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6082985" class="extiw" title="d:Q6082985"><span title="Island Arc la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>. v. 14 no. 4 pp. 297-310.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-69"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-69">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Gansser, A. 1964. Geology of the Himalayas, John Wiley Interscience, Londra, 1964 289 pp.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-70"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-70">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Searle, M. P. 1999. Emplacement of Himalayan leucogranites by magma injection along giant sill complexes: examples from the Cho Oyu, Gyachung Kang and Everest leucogranites (Nepal Himalaya). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. v. 17, no. 5-6, pp. 773-783.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-GuoOthers2012-71"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-GuoOthers2012_71-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Guo, Z., and M. Wilson (2012) "The Himalayan leucogranites: Constraints on the nature of their crustal source region and geodynamic setting." <i>Gondwana Research</i>. v. 22, nr. 2, pp. 360–376.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-pbs_nature-72"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-pbs_nature_72-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/the-himalayas-tectonic-motion-making-the-himalayas/6342/">„Tectonic Motion: Making the Himalayas”</a> [Mișcare tectonică: fomarea Himalayei]. <i>Nature on PBS</i> (în engleză). <time datetime="2011-02-11">11 februarie 2011</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2016-02-06">6 februarie 2016</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nature+on+PBS&rft.atitle=Tectonic+Motion%3A+Making+the+Himalayas&rft.date=2011-02-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwnet%2Fnature%2Fthe-himalayas-tectonic-motion-making-the-himalayas%2F6342%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-USGS-73"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-USGS_73-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/himalaya.html">„The Himalayas: Two continents collide”</a> [Himalaya: Două continente se ciocnesc] (în engleză). USGS. <time datetime="1999-05-05">5 mai 1999</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2016-02-06">6 februarie 2016</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Himalayas%3A+Two+continents+collide&rft.pub=USGS&rft.date=1999-05-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fgip%2Fdynamic%2Fhimalaya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-74"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-74">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/pr/95/18688.html">„Press Release: An Earth Plate Is Breaking in Two”</a>. <i>www.columbia.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.columbia.edu&rft.atitle=Press+Release%3A+An+Earth+Plate+Is+Breaking+in+Two&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.columbia.edu%2Fcu%2Fpr%2F95%2F18688.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AEverest" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-MyrowOthers2003a-75"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-MyrowOthers2003a_75-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Myrow, P.M., N.C. Hughes, T.S. Paulsen, I.S. Williams, S.K. Parcha, K.R. Thompson, S.A. Bowring, S.-C. Peng, and A.D. Ahluwalia. 2003. "Integrated tectonostratigraphic reconstruction of the Himalaya and implications for its tectonic reconstruction." <i>Earth and Planetary Science Letters</i>. vol. 212, pp. 433–441.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-MyrowOthers2012a-76"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-MyrowOthers2012a_76-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Myrow, P.M., N.C. Hughes, J.W. Goodge, C.M. Fanning, I.S. Williams, S.-C. Peng, O.N. Bhargava, S.K. Tangri, S.K. Parcha, and K.R. Pogue. 2010. "Extraordinary transport and mixing of sediment across Himalayan central Gondwanaland during the Cambrian-Ordovician." <i>Geological Society of America Bulletin</i>. vol. 122, pp. 1660–1670.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Searle2012a-77"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Everest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Searle2012a_77-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Searle, M. 2012. <i>Colliding Continents: A geological exploration of the Himalaya, Karakoram, & Tibet.</i> Oxford University Press, Oxford. 464 pp. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-19-965300-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-19-965300-3">ISBN: 978-0-19-965300-3</a></span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> Materiale media legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mount_Everest?uselang%3Dro">Everest</a></b></span> la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></p> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9); color:var(--color-base, #000); width: 250px; padding: 2px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wikiquote-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikicitat"> <noscript> <img alt="Wikicitat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/25px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 30px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/25px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Wikicitat" data-width="25" data-height="30" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/38px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/50px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Wikicitat </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div style="margin-left: 35px; line-height:normal;"> La <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikicitat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikicitat">Wikicitat</a></b> găsiți citate legate de <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikiquote.org/wiki/Everest" class="extiw" title="q:Everest">Everest</a></b>. </div> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/everest/">Everest</a> pe site-ul <i>National Geographic</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/">Everest</a> pe site-ul NOVA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://imagingeverest.rgs.org/Concepts/Imaging_Everest/">Everest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090423064736/http://imagingeverest.rgs.org/Concepts/Imaging_Everest/">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-04-23">23 aprilie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. pe site-ul Royal Geographical Society</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/ASIA/Everest-North.gif">Nord</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531055643/http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/ASIA/EVEREST-North.gif">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2023-05-31">31 mai 2023</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/ASIA/Everest-South.gif">sud</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102081646/http://viewfinderpanoramas.org/panoramas/ASIA/EVEREST-South.gif">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2022-01-02">2 ianuarie 2022</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.summitpost.org/mountain/rock/150230/everest.html">Everest</a> pe site-ul Summitpost</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.8000ers.com/cms/content/view/52/185/">Lista completă a ascensiunilor pe Everest până (inclusiv) în anul 2010</a> (în format PDF)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.everesthistory.com/everestsummits/summitsbyyear.htm">Ascensiuni și decese în funcție de ani</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.yetizone.com/Everest/Trek/Everest_Trek.shtml">Ghidul The Everest Trek</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://thegreatindian.tripod.com/mountEverest.htm">Panorama Everestului</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.panoramas.dk/fullscreen2/full22.html">Panorama interactivă a Everestului (format Quicktime)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130410141725/http://www.panoramas.dk/fullscreen2/full22.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2013-04-10">10 aprilie 2013</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> </ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16513826"><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5476bd94cd‐xr6x4 Cached time: 20241111094647 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.094 seconds Real time usage: 2.444 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5440/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 144454/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 7213/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 12/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 170756/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.597/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7871224/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 6/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1873.552 1 -total 37.13% 695.565 48 Format:Ill-wd 17.06% 319.565 1 Format:Infocaseta_Munte 16.81% 314.930 1 Format:Infocasetă 9.89% 185.205 1 Format:Valoare_unică_de_la_Wikidata 7.45% 139.549 35 Format:Citat_web 5.59% 104.781 90 Format:Dim 4.45% 83.435 1 Format:Lang 3.92% 73.532 1 Format:Expert 3.68% 68.890 1 Format:Meta-casetăma --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key rowiki:pcache:idhash:1960-0!canonical and timestamp 20241111094647 and revision id 16483101. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </section> </div><!-- MobileFormatter took 0.033 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DEverest%26oldid%3D16483101">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Everest&oldid=16483101</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Everest&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Sîmbotin" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1726244010"> <span>Ultima modificare pe 13 septembrie 2024, la 18:13</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Limbi</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunong_Everest" title="Gunong Everest – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Gunong Everest" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258A%25A4%25E1%2589%25A8%25E1%2588%25A8%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%2589%25B5_%25E1%2589%25B0%25E1%2588%25AB%25E1%2588%25AB" title="ኤቨረስት ተራራ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኤቨረስት ተራራ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eferest_Beorg" title="Eferest Beorg – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Eferest Beorg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259F" title="एवरेस्ट – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="एवरेस्ट" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584_%25D8%25A5%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA" title="جبل إفرست – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جبل إفرست" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584_%25D8%25A5%25D9%258A%25DA%25A4%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B7" title="جبل إيڤريسط – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جبل إيڤريسط" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%258A%25D9%2581%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA" title="ايفيريست – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايفيريست" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A6%25A3%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%259F_%25E0%25A6%258F%25E0%25A6%25AD%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A7%25B0%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B7%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%259F" title="মাউণ্ট এভাৰেষ্ট – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মাউণ্ট এভাৰেষ্ট" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582_(%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B3%25D3%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580)" title="Эверест (мегӀер) – avară" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Эверест (мегӀер)" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="सगरमाथा – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सगरमाथा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA_%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25BA%25DB%258C" title="اورست داغی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اورست داغی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джомолунгма – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589v%25C3%25A9r%25C3%25A9st" title="Évérést – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Évérést" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everests" title="Everests – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Everests" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukid_Everest" title="Bukid Everest – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bukid Everest" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джамалунгма – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джамалунгма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D0%25B2%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D1%258D%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Эвэрэст – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эвэрэст" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Еверест – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Еверест" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2589%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%259F_%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259F" title="माउंट एवरेस्ट – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="माउंट एवरेस्ट" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Gunung Everest" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%259D%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25B2%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ကောင်အေဝရဲစ် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ကောင်အေဝရဲစ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%258F%25E0%25A6%25AD%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%259F_%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25A4" title="এভারেস্ট পর্বত – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এভারেস্ট পর্বত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2587%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2582%25E0%25BE%25B3%25E0%25BD%2584%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2598%25E0%25BC%258D" title="ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ། – tibetană" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menez_Everest" title="Menez Everest – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Menez Everest" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Gunung Everest" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Жомолунгма – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Жомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomolungma_H%25C5%25ADng" title="Chomolungma Hŭng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chomolungma Hŭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джомолунгма – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Джомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest_(bukid_sa_Nepal)" title="Mount Everest (bukid sa Nepal) – cebuană" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mount Everest (bukid sa Nepal)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vose_Everest" title="Vose Everest – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Vose Everest" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25DA%25A4%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA" title="چیای ئیڤرست – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چیای ئیڤرست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest_da%25C4%259F%25C4%25B1" title="Everest dağı – turcă crimeeană" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Everest dağı" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcă crimeeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джомолунгма – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Джомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mynydd_Chomolungma" title="Mynydd Chomolungma – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mynydd Chomolungma" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koy%25C3%25AA_Everesti" title="Koyê Everesti – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Koyê Everesti" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="सगरमाथा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="सगरमाथा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%2587%25DE%25AC%25DE%2588%25DE%25A6%25DE%2583%25DE%25AC%25DE%2590%25DE%25B0%25DE%2593%25DE%25B0_%25DE%258A%25DE%25A6%25DE%2583%25DE%25AA%25DE%2584%25DE%25A6%25DE%258B%25DE%25A6" title="އެވަރެސްޓް ފަރުބަދަ – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އެވަރެސްޓް ފަރުބަދަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2588%25CE%25B2%25CE%25B5%25CF%2581%25CE%25B5%25CF%2583%25CF%2584" title="Έβερεστ – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έβερεστ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%2588omolungmo" title="Ĉomolungmo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉomolungmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Everest" title="Monte Everest – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monte Everest" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%25C5%25BEomolungma" title="Džomolungma – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Džomolungma" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monti_Everest" title="Monti Everest – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Monti Everest" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D9%2587_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA" title="کوه اورست – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوه اورست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sliabh_Everest_(Teom%25C3%25B3lungma)" title="Sliabh Everest (Teomólungma) – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sliabh Everest (Teomólungma)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%258F%25A0%25E7%25A9%2586%25E6%259C%2597%25E7%2591%25AA%25E5%25B3%25B0" title="珠穆朗瑪峰 – chineză gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="珠穆朗瑪峰" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="chineză gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589vrest" title="Évrest – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Évrest" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beinn_Everest" title="Beinn Everest – gaelică scoțiană" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Beinn Everest" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelică scoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589verest" title="Éverest – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Éverest" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%2527idu_Everest" title="Hu'idu Everest – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Hu'idu Everest" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%25AE%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%2589%25E0%25AA%25A8%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%259F_%25E0%25AA%258F%25E0%25AA%25B5%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AB%2587%25E0%25AA%25B8%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%259F" title="માઉન્ટ એવરેસ્ટ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="માઉન્ટ એવરેસ્ટ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Os%25C3%25B3_Everest" title="Osó Everest – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Osó Everest" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsaunin_Everest" title="Tsaunin Everest – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tsaunin Everest" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomolangma_F%25C3%25BBng" title="Chomolangma Fûng – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chomolangma Fûng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauna_Everest" title="Mauna Everest – hawaiiană" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Mauna Everest" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A1%25D7%2598" title="אוורסט – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוורסט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259F_%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25A4" title="एवरेस्ट पर्वत – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एवरेस्ट पर्वत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – sorabă de sus" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="sorabă de sus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csomolungma" title="Csomolungma – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csomolungma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B7%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25A5%25D5%25BD%25D5%25BF" title="Էվերեստ – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էվերեստ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B7%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25A5%25D5%25BD%25D5%25A9" title="Էվերեսթ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Էվերեսթ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Everest" title="Monte Everest – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Monte Everest" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Gunung Everest" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gunung Everest" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantay_Everest" title="Bantay Everest – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bantay Everest" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everestfjall" title="Everestfjall – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Everestfjall" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25A8%25E3%2583%2599%25E3%2583%25AC%25E3%2582%25B9%25E3%2583%2588" title="エベレスト – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エベレスト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Evares" title="Mount Evares – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Mount Evares" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2598" title="ევერესტი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ევერესტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrar_n_Everest" title="Adrar n Everest – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Adrar n Everest" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest_p%25CA%258B%25CA%258B" title="Everest pʋʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Everest pʋʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джомолунгма – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%258E%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%2586%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B3%258D%25E2%2580%258C_%25E0%25B2%25B6%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2596%25E0%25B2%25B0" title="ಎವರೆಸ್ಟ್ ಶಿಖರ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಎವರೆಸ್ಟ್ ಶಿಖರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%2597%2590%25EB%25B2%25A0%25EB%25A0%2588%25EC%258A%25A4%25ED%258A%25B8%25EC%2582%25B0" title="에베레스트산 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에베레스트산" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Эверест – karaceai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Эверест" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaceai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2587iyay%25C3%25AA_Everest" title="Çiyayê Everest – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Çiyayê Everest" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menydh_Everest" title="Menydh Everest – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Menydh Everest" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Жомолунгма – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everestius_mons" title="Everestius mons – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Everestius mons" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джомолунгма – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Джомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagarmata" title="Sagarmata – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sagarmata" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%2582%25E0%25BA%25BB%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%25AD%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%25A7%25E0%25BA%25B5%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%25A3%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%2595%25E0%25BB%258C" title="ເຂົາເອເວີເຣສຕ໌ – laoțiană" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຂົາເອເວີເຣສຕ໌" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%25C5%25BEomolungma" title="Džomolungma – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Džomolungma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everests" title="Everests – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Everests" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="सगरमाथा – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="सगरमाथा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Эверест – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Эверест" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Монт Еверест – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Монт Еверест" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%258E%25E0%25B4%25B5%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%258D%25E2%2580%258C_%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258A%25E0%25B4%259F%25E0%25B5%2581%25E0%25B4%25AE%25E0%25B5%2581%25E0%25B4%259F%25E0%25B4%25BF" title="എവറസ്റ്റ് കൊടുമുടി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എവറസ്റ്റ് കൊടുമുടി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Эверест – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Эверест" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B9%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259F" title="एव्हरेस्ट – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="एव्हरेस्ट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gunung Everest" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%25A7%25E1%2580%259D%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA" title="ဧဝရတ်တောင် – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဧဝရတ်တောင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA" title="اورست – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اورست" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – napolitană" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A5%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="सगरमाथा – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सगरमाथा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259A%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2599%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="चोमोलुङ्मा – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चोमोलुङ्मा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Everest" title="Mont Everest – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mont Everest" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Everest" title="Mont Everest – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mont Everest" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%258F%25E0%25AC%25AD%25E0%25AC%25B0%25E0%25AD%2587%25E0%25AC%25B7%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AC%259F_%25E0%25AC%25B6%25E0%25AD%2583%25E0%25AC%2599%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AC%2597" title="ଏଭରେଷ୍ଟ ଶୃଙ୍ଗ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଏଭରେଷ୍ଟ ଶୃଙ୍ଗ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25C3%25A6" title="Джомолунгмæ – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Джомолунгмæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2590%25E0%25A8%25B5%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%259F_%25E0%25A8%25AA%25E0%25A8%25B9%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A9%259C" title="ਐਵਰੈਸਟ ਪਹਾੜ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐਵਰੈਸਟ ਪਹਾੜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – pidgin nigerian" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="pidgin nigerian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evrest" title="Evrest – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Evrest" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A4%25D9%2586%25D9%25B9_%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D9%25B9" title="ماؤنٹ ایورسٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ماؤنٹ ایورسٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF_%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25D9%25BC_%25D8%25BA%25D9%2580%25D8%25B1" title="د ایوریسټ غـر – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ایوریسټ غـر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Everest" title="Monte Everest – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Monte Everest" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomolungma" title="Chomolungma – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chomolungma" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – romanșă" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanșă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джомолунгма – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Монт Еверест – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Монт Еверест" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%2597%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF_%25E0%25A4%25B6%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%258D" title="देवगिरि शिखरम् – sanscrită" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="देवगिरि शिखरम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrită" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Эверест – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Эверест" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25A2%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25B6%25E1%25B1%25B4_%25E1%25B1%25AE%25E1%25B1%25B5%25E1%25B1%25B7%25E1%25B1%259A%25E1%25B1%25A8%25E1%25B1%25AE%25E1%25B1%25A5%25E1%25B1%25B4" title="ᱢᱟᱶᱴ ᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱮᱥᱴ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱶᱴ ᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱮᱥᱴ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D9%25BD_%25D8%25A7%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3%25D9%25BD" title="مائونٽ ايوريسٽ – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مائونٽ ايوريسٽ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – sami de nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami de nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibirist" title="Ibirist – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ibirist" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%2591%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25A7%25E0%25B7%258A_%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25AF" title="එවරස්ට් කන්ද – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එවරස්ට් කන්ද" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A4%25D9%2586%25D9%25B9_%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D9%25B9" title="ماؤنٹ ایورسٹ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ماؤنٹ ایورسٹ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – sami inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buurta_Everest" title="Buurta Everest – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Buurta Everest" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mali_Everest" title="Mali Everest – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mali Everest" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582_%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Монт Еверест – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Монт Еверест" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – sranan tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Everest" title="Gunung Everest – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Gunung Everest" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="articol recomandat"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest_(mlima)" title="Everest (mlima) – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Everest (mlima)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%258E%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AF%2586%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AF%2581_%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D" title="எவரெசுட்டு சிகரம் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எவரெசுட்டு சிகரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%258E%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B1%2586%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B1%2581_%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B0%2582" title="ఎవరెస్టు పర్వతం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎవరెస్టు పర్వతం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Ҷомолунгма – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2582%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B9%258C" title="เขาเอเวอเรสต์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เขาเอเวอเรสต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomolungma" title="Jomolungma – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Jomolungma" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundok_Everest" title="Bundok Everest – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bundok Everest" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest_Da%25C4%259F%25C4%25B1" title="Everest Dağı – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Everest Dağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Джомолунгма – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Джомолунгма" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25DB%2590%25DB%258B%25DB%2590%25D8%25B1%25DB%2590%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA" title="ئېۋېرېست – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئېۋېرېست" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2595%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582" title="Еверест – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Еверест" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A4%25D9%2586%25D9%25B9_%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B3%25D9%25B9" title="ماؤنٹ ایورسٹ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ماؤنٹ ایورسٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomolungma" title="Jomolungma – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jomolungma" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%25C5%25BEomolungm" title="Džomolungm – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Džomolungm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everest" title="Everest – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Everest" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mont_Evresse" title="Mont Evresse – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mont Evresse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukid_Everest" title="Bukid Everest – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bukid Everest" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%258F%25A0%25E7%25A9%2586%25E6%259C%2597%25E7%258E%259B%25E5%25B3%25B0" title="珠穆朗玛峰 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="珠穆朗玛峰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2598" title="ევერესტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ევერესტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A2%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A1%25D7%2598" title="עווערעסט – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עווערעסט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B4%25B7%25E2%25B5%2594%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%2594_%25E2%25B5%258F_%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B4%25BC%25E2%25B5%2594%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B5%2599%25E2%25B5%259C" title="ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵜ – tamazight standard marocană" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⵙⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight standard marocană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%258F%25A0%25E7%25A9%2586%25E6%259C%2597%25E7%2591%25AA%25E5%25B3%25B0" title="珠穆朗瑪峰 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="珠穆朗瑪峰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%2581%2596%25E6%25AF%258D%25E5%25B3%25B0" title="聖母峰 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="聖母峰" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomolangma_Hong" title="Chomolangma Hong – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chomolangma Hong" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%258F%25A0%25E7%25A9%2586%25E6%259C%2597%25E7%2591%25AA%25E5%25B3%25B0" title="珠穆朗瑪峰 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="珠穆朗瑪峰" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Mount Everest" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 13 septembrie 2024, ora 18:13.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Conținutul este disponibil sub <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, exceptând cazurile în care se specifică altfel.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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20\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5476bd94cd-xr6x4","timestamp":"20241111094647","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Everest","url":"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Everest","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q513","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q513","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-11-13T06:51:01Z","dateModified":"2024-09-13T16:13:30Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d9\/Mount_Everest_North_Face.jpg","headline":"cel mai \u00eenalt munte de pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt, cu v\u00e2rful la 8.848 de metri deasupra nivelului m\u0103rii"}</script> 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