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Elveția - Wikipedia
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href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modificare</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- version 1.0.2 (change every time you update a partial) --> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Elveția</b> (în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba germană">germană</a> <span lang="de" style="font-style:italic">Schweiz</span><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Notație în Alfabetul Fonetic Internațional" class="AFI"><small></small>ˈʃvaɪts</span>; în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba franceză">franceză</a> <span lang="fr" style="font-style:italic">Suisse</span> <span title="Notație în Alfabetul Fonetic Internațional" class="AFI"><small></small>sɥis(ə)</span>; în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_italian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba italiană">italiană</a> <span lang="it" style="font-style:italic">Svizzera</span> <span title="Notație în Alfabetul Fonetic Internațional" class="AFI"><small></small>ˈzvit͡sːɛra</span>; în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_retoroman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba retoromană">retoromană</a> <i>Svizra</i> <span title="Notație în Alfabetul Fonetic Internațional" class="AFI"><small></small>ˈʒviːtsrɐ</span> sau <span title="Notație în Alfabetul Fonetic Internațional" class="AFI"><small></small>ˈʒviːtsʁːɐ</span>), denumită complet <b>Confederația Elvețiană</b> (în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_latin%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba latină">latină</a> <span lang="la" style="font-style:italic">Confoederatio Helvetica</span>, de unde și abrevierea CH), este o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republic%C4%83_federal%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republică federală">republică federală</a> formată din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantoanele_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantoanele Elveției">26 de cantoane autonome</a>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consiliul_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consiliul Federal Elvețian">Consiliul Federal</a> și Adunarea Federală (parlamentul)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> au sediul la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berna">Berna</a>. Țara se situează în partea de vest a Europei Centrale,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unde se învecinează cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germania">Germania</a> la nord, cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franța">Franța</a> la vest, cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italia">Italia</a> la sud, și cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austria">Austria</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liechtenstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a> la est.</p> <table class="infocaseta"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="antet harta" style="background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Elveția</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background: linear-gradient( to right, rgba(204, 210, 217, 1), rgba(204, 210, 217, 1), rgba(204, 210, 217, 1), rgba(156, 163, 170, 1)) repeat-y right; font-size: 130%; line-height: 1.2em; padding-top: 0;"><span class="fn org country-name"><span lang="rm" style="font-style:italic">Confederaziun svizra</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_retoroman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba retoromană">retoromană</a>)<br><span lang="it" style="font-style:italic">Confederazione svizzera</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_italian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba italiană">italiană</a>)<br><span lang="it" style="font-style:italic">Svizzera</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_italian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba italiană">italiană</a>)<br><span lang="de" style="font-style:italic">Schweiz</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba germană">germană</a>)<br><span lang="it" style="font-style:italic">Confederazione Svizzera</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_italian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba italiană">italiană</a>)<br><span lang="fr" style="font-style:italic">Confédération suisse</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba franceză">franceză</a>)<br><span lang="fr" style="font-style:italic">Suisse</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba franceză">franceză</a>)<br><span lang="fr" style="font-style:italic">la Confédération suisse</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba franceză">franceză</a>)<br><span lang="rm" style="font-style:italic">Svizra</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_retoroman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba retoromană">retoromană</a>)<br><span lang="de" style="font-style:italic">Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft</span> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba germană">germană</a>)</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"> <table align="center" style="width:100%; background:none;"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="58%"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_Switzerland_(Pantone).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Drapelul Elveției"><img alt="Drapelul Elveției" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg/188px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg/250px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_(Pantone).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Stema Elveției[*]"><img alt="Stema Elveției[*]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg/128px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg/170px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Switzerland_%2528Pantone%2529.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="669"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"><small><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Drapelul_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Drapelul Elveției">Drapelul Elveției</a></small></td> <td align="center"><small><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189560" class="extiw" title="d:Q189560">Stema Elveției</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Stema_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Stema Elveției — pagină inexistentă"></a></span></small></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deviz%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Deviză">Deviză</a>: </b><i>Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno</i> (<i>Unul pentru toți, toți pentru unul</i>)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"> <div style="margin:auto;text-align:center"> <div style="margin-bottom:20"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imn">Imn</a></b>: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Psalm_elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Psalm elvețian">Psalm elvețian</a> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Europe-Switzerland.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Europe-Switzerland.svg/290px-Europe-Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Europe-Switzerland.svg/435px-Europe-Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Europe-Switzerland.svg/580px-Europe-Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720"></a> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure></td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div style="position:relative;top:0.3em"> <small></small> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Geografie</th> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Suprafață</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"> </td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";font-weight: normal;"> - totală</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">41.285 km² (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lista_%C8%9B%C4%83rilor_dup%C4%83_suprafa%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lista țărilor după suprafață">locul 132</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ap%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apă">Apă</a> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Procentaj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Procentaj">%</a>)</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">4.34 (2015)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Cel mai înalt punct</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%A2rful_Dufour,_Monte_Rosa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vârful Dufour, Monte Rosa">Punta Dufour</a> (4.634 m) <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P610" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Cel mai jos punct</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lacul_Maggiore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lacul Maggiore">Lacul Maggiore</a> (193 m) <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P1589" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Cel mai mare oraș</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Vecini</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austria">Austria</a><br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liechtenstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a><br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germania">Germania</a><br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franța">Franța</a><br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italia">Italia</a><br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uniunea_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uniunea Europeană">Uniunea Europeană</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P47" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fus_orar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fus orar">Fus orar</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UTC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC">UTC</a> + 1</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Populație</th> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Densitate</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">207 loc/km²</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"> - Estimare 2023</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">8.902.308</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Limbi oficiale</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_german%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba germană">germana</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba franceză">franceza</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_italian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba italiană">italiana</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_retoroman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba retoromană">retoromana</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Etnonim</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">elvețieni <small>(pl.)</small><br> elvețian <small>(masc.)</small><br> elvețiancă <small>(fem.)</small> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P1549" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Guvernare</th> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Sistem politic</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republică">Republică federală</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Membru_al_Consiliului_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Membru al Consiliului Federal Elvețian — pagină inexistentă">Membru al Consiliului Federal Elvețian</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11811941" class="extiw" title="d:Q11811941"><span title="Membru al Consiliului Federal Elvețian la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consiliul_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consiliul Federal Elvețian">Consiliul Federal Elvețian</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P35" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pre%C8%99edinte_al_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Președinte al Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Președinte</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q688230" class="extiw" title="d:Q688230"><span title="Președinte al Elveției la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consiliul_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consiliul Federal Elvețian">Consiliul Federal Elvețian</a><sup id="cite_ref-32403991925c2f22ee4d74eb99c3efb9_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32403991925c2f22ee4d74eb99c3efb9-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P6" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Legislativ</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Adunarea_Federal%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Adunarea Federală — pagină inexistentă">Adunarea Federală</a><sup><small>(<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684719" class="extiw" title="d:Q684719"><span title="Adunarea Federală la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P194" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Capitala</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berna">Berna</a><sup id="cite_ref-58e57bfdc7a68b8d6cbdbc2520d8aede_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-58e57bfdc7a68b8d6cbdbc2520d8aede-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/De_facto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="De facto">de facto</a>; din <time datetime="1848-11-28">28 noiembrie 1848</time>) <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P36" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Istorie</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><b>Independență</b></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Economie</th> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produs_intern_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Produs intern brut">PIB</a></b> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paritatea_puterii_de_cump%C4%83rare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paritatea puterii de cumpărare">PPC</a>)</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">2020</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"> - Total</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $584 miliarde<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOCH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lista_%C8%9B%C4%83rilor_%C3%AEn_func%C8%9Bie_de_PIB_(PPC)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lista țărilor în funcție de PIB (PPC)">locul 38</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"> - Pe cap de locuitor</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $67.557<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOCH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lista_%C8%9B%C4%83rilor_%C3%AEn_func%C8%9Bie_de_PIB_(PPC)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lista țărilor în funcție de PIB (PPC)">locul 9</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produs_intern_brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Produs intern brut">PIB</a></b> (nominal)</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">2020</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"> - Total</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $749 miliarde<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOCH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lista_%C8%9B%C4%83rilor_%C3%AEn_func%C8%9Bie_de_PIB_(nominal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lista țărilor în funcție de PIB (nominal)">locul 20</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"> - Pe cap de locuitor</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">(<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lista_%C8%9B%C4%83rilor_%C3%AEn_func%C8%9Bie_de_PIB_(nominal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lista țărilor în funcție de PIB (nominal)">locul 2</a>)<span style="color: #0c0; font-size: larger;">▲</span> $86.673<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOCH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coeficientul_lui_Gini?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coeficientul lui Gini">Gini</a> (2018)</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">29.7 (scădere) (locul 19)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indicele_dezvolt%C4%83rii_umane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indicele dezvoltării umane">IDU</a> (2019)</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">0.955 (creștere) (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lista_%C8%9B%C4%83rilor_dup%C4%83_indicele_dezvolt%C4%83rii_umane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lista țărilor după indicele dezvoltării umane">locul 2</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valut%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Valută">Monedă</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franc_elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franc elvețian">Franc elvețian</a> (CHF) <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Coduri și identificatori</th> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Cod <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comitetul_Olimpic_Interna%C8%9Bional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comitetul Olimpic Internațional">CIO</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">SUI <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P984" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Cod mobil</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">228 <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P2258" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";">Prefix telefonic</th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">41</td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_3166-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 3166-2">ISO 3166-2</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";">CH<sup id="cite_ref-3a77335490a23d4333328ee8abc82bec_11-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3a77335490a23d4333328ee8abc82bec-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><sup id="cite_ref-4a393ce22f72f3ac18e5d1a153d00346_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4a393ce22f72f3ac18e5d1a153d00346-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39%23P297" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Domeniu_na%C8%9Bional_de_nivel_superior?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Domeniu național de nivel superior">Domeniu Internet</a></th> <td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.ch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".ch">.ch</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"> <div style="font-size:smaller;text-align:left"></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ccd2d9;color:#000000;">Prezență online</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.admin.ch">site web oficial</a><br><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://x.com/BR_Sprecher">cont Twitter</a><br><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.instagram.com/gov.ch/">Instagram account</a><br><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCh4VTxoTL79TpMBg3yBqSPQ">canal YouTube</a><br><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.linkedin.com/company/digitale-schweiz/">LinkedIn company or organization profile</a><br><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hashtags-hub.toolforge.org/Switzerland">hasthtag</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##ccd2d9 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39" class="extiw" title="d:Q39">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DElve%25C8%259Bia%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_%25C8%259Aar%25C4%2583" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60"></a></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p>Elveția nu are ieșire la mare și este împărțită între <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpii_Elve%C8%9Bieni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alpii Elvețieni">Munții Alpi</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Platoul_Elve%C8%9Bian&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Platoul Elvețian — pagină inexistentă">Platoul Elvețian</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mun%C8%9Bii_Jura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Munții Jura">Munții Jura</a>, întinzându-se pe o suprafață de 41.285 km². Deși Alpii ocupă cea mai mare parte a teritoriului, populația elvețiană de aproximativ 8 milioane de persoane este concentrată mai ales în zona Platoului, unde se află marile orașe. Între aceste orașe se numără <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ora%C8%99_global?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oraș global">orașele globale</a> și centrele economice <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>.</p> <p>Confederația Elvețiană are o lungă istorie de neutralitate armată — nu a mai fost în stare de război din 1815 — și a aderat la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Na%C8%9Biunile_Unite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Națiunile Unite">Națiunile Unite</a> abia în 2002. Ea urmărește, însă, o politică externă activă și este frecvent implicată în procesele de pace din toată lumea.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elveția este și locul unde s-a născut <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crucea_Ro%C8%99ie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Crucea Roșie">Crucea Roșie</a> și este sediul mai multor organizații internaționale, inclusiv <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biroul_Na%C8%9Biunilor_Unite_de_la_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biroul Națiunilor Unite de la Geneva">al doilea birou al ONU din lume ca mărime</a>. La nivel european, este membru fondator al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asocia%C8%9Bia_European%C4%83_a_Liberului_Schimb?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asociația Europeană a Liberului Schimb">Asociației Europene a Liberului Schimb</a> și face parte din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spa%C8%9Biul_Schengen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spațiul Schengen">Spațiul Schengen</a> – deși nu este membră a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uniunea_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uniunea Europeană">Uniunii Europene</a>, și nici a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spa%C8%9Biul_Economic_European?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spațiul Economic European">Spațiului Economic European</a>.</p> <p>Elveția este una dintre cele mai bogate țări din lume după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produs_Intern_Brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Produs Intern Brut">PIB</a> pe cap de locuitor, și are cea mai mare bogăție pe cap de persoană adultă (în termeni de bunuri financiare și nefinanciare) din toate țările lumii.<sup id="cite_ref-Digitaljournal.com_17-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Digitaljournal.com-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zürich și Geneva au fost clasate pe locurile doi, respectiv opt în clasamentul calității vieții.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Țara este pe locul al 19-lea în lume ca <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produs_Na%C8%9Bional_Brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Produs Național Brut">PNB</a> și pe locul treizeci și șase după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paritatea_puterii_de_cump%C4%83rare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paritatea puterii de cumpărare">paritatea puterii de cumpărare</a>. Este al douăzecilea cel mai mare exportator și al optsprezecelea cel mai mare importator de bunuri.</p> <p>Elveția cuprinde trei mari regiuni lingvistice și culturale: germană, franceză, și italiană, la care se mai adaugă văile vorbitoare de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_retoroman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba retoromană">retoromană</a>. De aceea, elvețienii, deși predominant germanofoni, nu formează o națiune în sensul unei identități etnice și culturale. Sentimentul de apartenență la o țară comună se bazează pe un fundal istoric, pe valori comune (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federalism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federalism">federalismul</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democra%C8%9Bie_direct%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democrație directă">democrația directă</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și pe simbolistica alpină.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Înființarea Confederației Elvețiene este datată prin tradiție la 1 august 1291, când se sărbătorește ziua națională.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Cuprins</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Numele"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Numele</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Istoria"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Istoria</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Istoria_timpurie"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Istoria timpurie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vechea_Confedera%C8%9Bie_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Vechea Confederație Elvețiană</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Epoca_napoleonian%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Epoca napoleoniană</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Statul_federal"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Statul federal</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Istoria_modern%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Istoria modernă</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geografie"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Geografie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Clima"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Clima</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Efectele_%C3%AEnc%C4%83lzirii_globale"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Efectele încălzirii globale</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Mediul"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Mediul</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Politica"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Politica</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Democra%C8%9Bia_direct%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Democrația directă</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%8Emp%C4%83r%C8%9Birea_administrativ%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Împărțirea administrativă</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Rela%C8%9Bii_externe_%C8%99i_institu%C8%9Bii_interna%C8%9Bionale"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Relații externe și instituții internaționale</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Armata"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Armata</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Economie"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Economie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Educa%C8%9Bie_%C8%99i_%C8%99tiin%C8%9B%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Educație și știință</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Elve%C8%9Bia_%C8%99i_Uniunea_European%C4%83"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Elveția și Uniunea Europeană</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Energie,_infrastructur%C4%83_%C8%99i_mediu"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Energie, infrastructură și mediu</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sectorul_bancar"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Sectorul bancar</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Demografie"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Demografie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#S%C4%83n%C4%83tatea"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Sănătatea</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Urbanizarea"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Urbanizarea</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Religia"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">Religia</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cultura"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Cultura</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Literatura"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Literatura</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Mass_media"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Mass media</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sport"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Sport</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-30"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Buc%C4%83t%C4%83ria"><span class="tocnumber">7.4</span> <span class="toctext">Bucătăria</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-31"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Patrimoniu_mondial"><span class="tocnumber">7.5</span> <span class="toctext">Patrimoniu mondial</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Note_de_completare"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Note de completare</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-33"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Note_bibliografice"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Note bibliografice</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-34"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliografie"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliografie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-35"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vezi_%C8%99i"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Vezi și</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Leg%C4%83turi_externe"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Legături externe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Numele">Numele</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Numele" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Denumirea în limba română provine din cea latinească, de <i>Helvetia</i>, asociată termenului neolatin de <span lang="la" style="font-style:italic">Confederatio Helvetica</span>.</p> <p>Termenul folosit în limbile locale provine de la termenul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Limba_alemanic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Limba alemanică — pagină inexistentă">alemanic</a> <span lang="gsw" style="font-style:italic">Schwiizer</span>, utilizat pentru a-i denumi pe locuitorii din <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Schwyz">Schwyz</a></i> și din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schwyz">teritoriul asociat</a>, unul dintre cantoanele din Waldstätten, care a format nucleul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vechea_Confedera%C8%9Bie_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vechea Confederație Elvețiană">Vechii Confederații Elvețiene</a>. Numele a apărut ca exonim, fiind aplicat <i>pars pro toto</i> soldaților confederației. Elvețienii au început ei înșiși să folosească acest nume după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Suab?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Războiul Suab">Războiul Suab</a> din 1499, alături de termenii <i>confederați</i>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Eidgenosse&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Eidgenosse — pagină inexistentă"><span lang="de" style="font-style:italic">Eidgenossen</span></a>, utilizați încă din secolul al XIV-lea.</p> <p>Toponimul <i>Schwyz</i> este atestat din 972, în germana înaltă veche <span lang="goh" style="font-style:italic">Suittes</span>, termen legat de <span lang="goh" style="font-style:italic">suedan</span>, care înseamnă „a arde”, referindu-se la zona împădurită care fusese arsă pentru a fi construit orașul.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numele a fost extins întregii zone cantonale, iar după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Suab?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Războiul Suab">Războiul Suab</a> din 1499 a început să fie utilizat pentru a denumi întreaga confederație.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numele țării în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Limba_german%C4%83_elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Limba germană elvețiană — pagină inexistentă">germana elvețiană</a>, <span lang="gsw" style="font-style:italic">Schwiiz</span>, este omofon cu cel al cantonului, fiind deosebit de acesta prin utilizarea articolului hotărât (<span lang="gsw" style="font-style:italic">d'Schwiiz</span> pentru confederație,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dar numai <span lang="gsw" style="font-style:italic">Schwiiz</span> pentru canton și oraș).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Denumirea <span lang="la" style="font-style:italic">Confederatio Helvetica</span> a fost introdusă în latina modernă treptat după formarea statului federal în 1848, ca ecou al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republica_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republica Elvețiană">Republicii Elvețiene</a> napoleoniene, apărând pe monede din 1879, fiind apoi înscris pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Palatul_Federal_al_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Palatul Federal al Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Palatul Federal</a> în 1902 și utilizat după 1948 pe sigiliul oficial.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El provine din termenul <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Helvetii&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Helvetii — pagină inexistentă">Helvetii</a></i>, trib <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gali?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gali">galic</a> de pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Platoul_Elve%C8%9Bian&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Platoul Elvețian — pagină inexistentă">Platoul Elvețian</a> dinaintea epocii romane. <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Helvetia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Helvetia">Helvetia</a></i> apare și ca <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Personificare_na%C8%9Bional%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Personificare națională">personificare națională</a> a confederației în secolul al XVII-lea, cu o piesă de teatru scrisă în 1672 de Johann Caspar Weissenbach.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Istoria">Istoria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoria" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso"> Articol principal: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istoria_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istoria Elveției">Istoria Elveției</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16505893">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex}}</style> <p>Elveția există ca stat în forma sa actuală de la adoptarea Constituției Federale Elvețiene în 1848. Precursorii Elveției au stabilit o alianță protectoare la sfârșitul secolului al XIII-lea (1291), formând o confederație de state ce a persistat secole de-a rândul.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Istoria_timpurie">Istoria timpurie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoria timpurie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Cele mai vechi urme de existență a hominizilor în Elveția actuală datează de circa 150.000 de ani.<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cele mai vechi așezări agrare din Elveția, găsite la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A4chlingen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gächlingen — pagină inexistentă">Gächlingen</a>, au fost datate în preajma anului 5300 î.e.n.<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg/220px-Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3856" data-file-height="2068"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 118px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg/220px-Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="118" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg/330px-Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg/440px-Theater_Kaiseraugst.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Fondat în 44 î.e.n., <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Augusta_Raurica&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Augusta Raurica — pagină inexistentă">Augusta Raurica</a> a fost prima așezare romană de pe Rin și se numără astăzi printre cele mai importante situri arheologice din țară.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Cele mai vechi triburi cunoscute din zonă fac parte din culturile <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cultura_Hallstatt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultura Hallstatt">Hallstatt</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cultura_La_T%C3%A8ne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cultura La Tène">La Tène</a>, ultima denumită după situl arheologic din La Tène, în partea de nord a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lacul_Neuch%C3%A2tel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lacul Neuchâtel">Lacului Neuchâtel</a>. Cultura La Tène s-a dezvoltat și a înflorit spre sfârșitul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Epoca_Fierului?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Epoca Fierului">Epocii Fierului</a> după anul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/450_%C3%AE.e.n.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="450 î.e.n.">450 î.e.n.</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> posibil sub influența civilizațiilor <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grecia_Antic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grecia Antică">greacă</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Civiliza%C8%9Bia_etrusc%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Civilizația etruscă">etruscă</a>. Unul dintre cele mai importante grupuri tribale din regiunea Elveției au fost <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Helvetii&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Helvetii — pagină inexistentă">helvetii</a>. În 58 î.e.n., la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_la_Bibracte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bătălia de la Bibracte">bătălia de la Bibracte</a>, armatele lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iulius_Cezar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iulius Cezar">Iulius Cezar</a> i-au învins pe helvetii.<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În anul 15 î.e.n., <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiberius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>, care urma să devină al doilea împărat al Romei și fratele său, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nero_Claudius_Drusus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nero Claudius Drusus">Drusus</a>, au cucerit Alpii, integrându-i în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imperiul_Roman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imperiul Roman">Imperiul Roman</a>. Zona ocupată de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Helvetii&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Helvetii — pagină inexistentă">helvetii</a>—care aveau să dea numele ulterior de <span lang="la" style="font-style:italic">Confoederatio Helvetica</span>—a devenit pentru prima oară parte a provinciei romane <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gallia_Belgica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gallia Belgica">Gallia Belgica</a> și apoi a provinciei <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germania_Superior?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germania Superior">Germania Superior</a>, în vreme ce porțiunea estică a Elveției moderne a fost integrată în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Provincie_roman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Provincie romană">provincia romană</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Raetia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Raetia">Raetia</a>.</p> <p>La începutul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evul_Mediu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evul Mediu">Evului Mediu</a>, din secolul al IV-lea, partea vestică a Elveției moderne a făcut parte din teritoriul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Regatul_Burgundiei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Regatul Burgundiei">regilor burgunzi</a>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alemani?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alemani">Alemanii</a> s-au stabilit în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Platoul_Elve%C8%9Bian&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Platoul Elvețian — pagină inexistentă">Platoul Elvețian</a> în secolul al V-lea și în văile Alpilor în secolul al VIII-lea, formând Alemania. Elveția actuală a fost atunci împărțită între regatul Alemaniei și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burgundia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burgundia">Burgundia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Întreaga regiune a devenit parte a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imperiul_Franc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imperiul Franc">Imperiului Franc</a> aflat în expansiune în secolul al VI-lea, după victoria lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clovis_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clovis I">Clovis I</a> asupra alemanilor la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_la_Tolbiac?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bătălia de la Tolbiac">Tolbiac</a> în 504 e.n., și apoi după dominația francă asupra burgunzilor.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsencyclopedia-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsonline-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>De-a lungul restului secolelor al VI-lea–al VIII-lea, zona Elveției a continuat să fie sub hegemonie francă (dinastiile <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinastia_Merovingian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dinastia Merovingiană">Merovingiană</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imperiul_Carolingian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imperiul Carolingian">Carolingiană</a>). Dar după expansiunea din timpul lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carol_cel_Mare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carol cel Mare">Carol cel Mare</a>, imperiul franc a fost împărțit prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tratatul_de_la_Verdun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tratatul de la Verdun">tratatul de la Verdun</a> în 843.<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teritoriile Elveției de astăzi au fost împărțite atunci între <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francia_Mijlocie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francia Mijlocie">Francia Mijlocie</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Francia_Oriental%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Francia Orientală — pagină inexistentă">Francia Orientală</a> până când au fost reunificate sub <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntul_Imperiu_Roman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sfântul Imperiu Roman">Sfântul Imperiu Roman</a> în preajma anului 1000.<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În 1200, Platoul Elvețian cuprindea dominioanele caselor <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dinastia_de_Savoia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dinastia de Savoia — pagină inexistentă">Savoia</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Z%C3%A4hringer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Zähringer — pagină inexistentă">Zähringer</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Habsburg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburg</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Casa_de_Kyburg&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Casa de Kyburg — pagină inexistentă">Kyburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Early_29-7" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Early-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unele regiuni (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Uri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Uri">Uri</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schwyz">Schwyz</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Unterwalden&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Unterwalden — pagină inexistentă">Unterwalden</a>, denumite ulterior <i>Waldstätten</i>) au fost incluse în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Imedia%C8%9Biunea_imperial%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Imediațiunea imperială — pagină inexistentă">Imediațiunea imperială</a>, cu scopul de a da împăratului control direct asupra trecătorilor montane. La căderea dinastiei Kyburg în 1264, Habsburgii, în frunte cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Rudolph_I_de_Habsburg&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Rudolph I de Habsburg — pagină inexistentă">regele Rudolph I</a> (sfânt împărat roman în 1273) și-au extins teritoriul în estul Platoului Elvețian.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsencyclopedia-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Vechea_Confederație_Elvețiană"><span id="Vechea_Confedera.C8.9Bie_Elve.C8.9Bian.C4.83"></span>Vechea Confederație Elvețiană</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vechea Confederație Elvețiană" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bundesbrief.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bundesbrief.jpg/220px-Bundesbrief.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="908"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 194px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bundesbrief.jpg/220px-Bundesbrief.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="194" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bundesbrief.jpg/330px-Bundesbrief.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bundesbrief.jpg/440px-Bundesbrief.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Charta federală din 1291 </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vechea_Confedera%C8%9Bie_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vechea Confederație Elvețiană">Vechea Confederație Elvețiană</a> a fost o alianță formată de comunitățile din văile Alpilor centrali. Confederația a facilitat gestiunea intereselor comune (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Liberul_schimb&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Liberul schimb — pagină inexistentă">liberul schimb</a>) și a asigurat pacea pe importantele rute comerciale montane. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Carta_Federal%C4%83_din_1291&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Carta Federală din 1291 — pagină inexistentă">Carta Federală din 1291</a> convenită între comunele rurale din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Uri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Uri">Uri</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schwyz">Schwyz</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Unterwalden&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Unterwalden — pagină inexistentă">Unterwalden</a> este considerată a fi documentul fondator al confederației, deși este posibil ca alte alianțe similare să fi existat cu decenii în urmă.<sup id="cite_ref-schwabe_33-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-schwabe-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg/260px-Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="185" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="712"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 260px;height: 185px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg/260px-Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg" data-width="260" data-height="185" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg/390px-Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg/520px-Old_Swiss_Confederation.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Vechea Confederație Elvețiană din 1291 (gri închis) până în secolul al XVI-lea (gri deschis) și asociații săi (albastru) </figcaption> </figure> <p>Până în 1353, celor trei cantoane inițiale li s-au alăturat și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Glarus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Glarus">Glarus</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Zug?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Zug">Zug</a>, precum și orașele-stat <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lucerna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lucerna">Lucerna</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berna">Berna</a>, formând „Vechea Confederație” de opt state, confederație ce a existat până la sfârșitul secolului al XV-lea. Expansiunea a dus la creșterea puterii și avuției federației.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Până în 1460, confederații controlau mare parte din teritoriul de la sud și vest de Rin până la munții Alpi și Jura, în special după victoriile împotriva Habsburgilor (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_la_Sempach&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bătălia de la Sempach — pagină inexistentă">bătălia de la Sempach</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_la_N%C3%A4fels&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bătălia de la Näfels — pagină inexistentă">bătălia de la Näfels</a>), în fața lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carol_Temerarul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carol Temerarul">Carol Temerarul</a> al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ducatul_Burgundiei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ducatul Burgundiei">Burgundiei</a> în anii 1470, și după succesul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mercenari_elve%C8%9Bieni&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mercenari elvețieni — pagină inexistentă">mercenarilor elvețieni</a>. Victoria elvețiană în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Suab?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Războiul Suab">Războiul Suab</a> împotriva <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Liga_Suab%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Liga Suabă — pagină inexistentă">Ligii Suabe</a> a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntul_Imperiu_Roman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sfântul Imperiu Roman">împăratului</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Sf%C3%A2nt_%C3%8Emp%C4%83rat_Roman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximilian I, Sfânt Împărat Roman">Maximilian I</a> în 1499 a dus la independența <i>de facto</i> a confederației față de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntul_Imperiu_Roman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sfântul Imperiu Roman">Sfântul Imperiu Roman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Vechea Confederație Elvețiană dobândise o reputație de invincibilitate în aceste războaie timpurii, dar expansiunea federației a suferit un regres în 1515 după înfrângerea elvețienilor în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_la_Marignano&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bătălia de la Marignano — pagină inexistentă">bătălia de la Marignano</a>. Aceasta a pus capăt așa-numite epoci eroice a istoriei elvețiene.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Succesul reformei lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zwingli?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Zwingli">Zwingli</a> în unele cantoane a dus la conflicte religioase intercantonale în 1529 și 1531 (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=R%C4%83zboaiele_Kappelului&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Războaiele Kappelului — pagină inexistentă">Războaiele Kappelului</a>). Abia la o sută de ani după aceste războaie civile, în 1648, prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pacea_Westfalic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pacea Westfalică">Pacea din Westfalia</a>, țările europene au recunoscut independența Elveției față de Sfântul Imperiu Roman, ca și neutralitatea ei.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsencyclopedia-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsonline-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În perioada modernă timpurie a istoriei elvețiene, autoritarismul crescând al familiilor nobiliare s-a combinat cu o criză financiară cauzată de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_de_Treizeci_de_Ani?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Războiul de Treizeci de Ani">Războiul de Treizeci de Ani</a> care a dus la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=R%C4%83zboiul_%C8%9B%C4%83r%C4%83nesc_din_Elve%C8%9Bia,_1653&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Războiul țărănesc din Elveția, 1653 — pagină inexistentă">războiul țărănesc din 1653</a>. În contextul acestei lupte, conflictul dintre cantoanele <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biserica_Romano-Catolic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biserica Romano-Catolică">catolice</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protestantism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protestantism">protestante</a> a persistat, izbucnind în alte violențe la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=B%C4%83t%C4%83liile_de_la_Villmergen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bătăliile de la Villmergen — pagină inexistentă">bătăliile de la Villmergen</a> în 1656 și 1712.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Epoca_napoleoniană"><span id="Epoca_napoleonian.C4.83"></span>Epoca napoleoniană</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Epoca napoleoniană" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg/220px-Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3467" data-file-height="2681"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 170px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg/220px-Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="170" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg/330px-Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg/440px-Acte_de_M%C3%A9diation_mg_0643.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Actul de Mediere a fost tentativa lui Napoleon de compromis între <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vechiul_Regim&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Vechiul Regim — pagină inexistentă">Vechiul Regim</a> și o republică. </figcaption> </figure> <p>În 1798, guvernul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_Francez%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Revoluția Franceză">Franței revoluționare</a> a cucerit Elveția și a impus o nouă constituție de stat unitar.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prin aceasta, guvernarea țării s-a centralizat, abolind efectiv cantoanele, iar <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mulhouse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mulhouse">Mülhausen</a> și valea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Valtellina&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Valtellina — pagină inexistentă">Valtellina</a> s-au separat de Elveția. Noul regim, denumit <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republica_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republica Elvețiană">Republica Helvetică</a>, a fost deosebit de nepopular. El fusese impus de o armată străină invadatoare și a distrus secole de tradiție, transformând Elveția într-un stat-marionetă al Franței. Suprimarea de către francezi a revoltei din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nidwalden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nidwalden">Nidwalden</a> în septembrie 1798 a fost un exemplu de prezență oprimatoare a armatei franceze și de rezistență a populației localnice împotriva ocupației.</p> <p>Când a izbucnit războiul între Franța și rivalii săi, forțele rusești și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarhia_Habsburgic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monarhia Habsburgică">austriece</a> au invadat Elveția. Elvețienii au refuzat să lupte de partea francezilor în numele Republicii Helvetice. În 1803, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Napoleon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> a organizat la Paris o întâlnire a politicienilor elvețieni de ambele părți. Rezultatul a fost <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Actul_de_mediere,_Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Actul de mediere, Elveția">Actul de Mediere</a>, care a restaurat în mare parte autonomia Elveției, introducând o confederație de 19 cantoane.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Din acel moment, mare parte din politica elvețiană a privit echilibrarea tradițiilor de autonomie ale cantoanelor cu necesitatea unui guvern central.</p> <p>În 1815, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Congresul_de_la_Viena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Congresul de la Viena">Congresul de la Viena</a> a restabilit complet independența Elveției, iar puterile europene au acceptat să recunoască permanenta neutralitate a țării.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsencyclopedia-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsonline-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-7" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soldații elvețieni au continuat să lupte pentru guverne străine până în 1860 când au fost prezenți la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Asediul_Gaetei_(1860)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Asediul Gaetei (1860) — pagină inexistentă">Asediul Gaetei</a>. Tratatul a permis Elveției și să-și mărească teritoriul, admițând în federație cantoanele <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Valais">Valais</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Neuch%C3%A2tel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Geneva">Geneva</a>. Frontierele Elveției au rămas de atunci neschimbate.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Statul_federal">Statul federal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Statul federal" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bern,_Federal_Palace,_1857.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg/220px-Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2141" data-file-height="1349"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 139px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg/220px-Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="139" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg/330px-Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg/440px-Bern%2C_Federal_Palace%2C_1857.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Primul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Palatul_Federal_din_Berna&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Palatul Federal din Berna — pagină inexistentă">Palat Federal</a> din Berna (1857). Unul dintre cele trei cantoane care prezidează peste <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tagsatzung&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tagsatzung — pagină inexistentă">Tagsatzung</a> (fostul consiliu legislativ și executiv), Berna a fost ales drept capitală federală în 1848, în principal datorită apropierii sale de zonele francofone.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Restaurarea puterii nobilimii a fost însă doar temporară. După o perioadă de agitație, cu repetate ciocniri violente, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Z%C3%BCriputsch&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Züriputsch — pagină inexistentă">Züriputsch</a>-ul din 1839, războiul civil a izbucnit în 1847 când unele dintre cantoanele catolice a încercat să facă o alianță separată (<i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sonderbundskrieg&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sonderbundskrieg — pagină inexistentă">Sonderbundskrieg</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-8" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Războiul a durat mai puțin de o lună, și a cauzat mai puțin 100 de victime, majoritatea morți accidentale. Oricât ar părea de minor Sonderbundskrieg prin comparație cu alte revolte și războaie europene din secolul al XIX-lea, el a jucat totuși un rol important în psihologia și în societatea elvețiană.</p> <p>Războiul i-a convins pe majoritatea elvețienilor de nevoia de unitate și putere în fața vecinilor europeni. Elvețieni din toate clasele sociale, de toate religiile, aderenți la diverse curente politice, au realizat că este mai mult în avantajul cantoanelor ca interesele lor economice și religioase să fie unificate.</p> <p>Astfel, în vreme ce restul Europei a fost <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Biile_din_1848?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Revoluțiile din 1848">răvășit de revolte</a>, elvețienii au redactat o constituție prin care țara era organizată ca stat federal, inspirată în mare parte din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constitu%C8%9Bia_Statelor_Unite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituția Statelor Unite">constituția SUA</a>. Această constituție prevede o autoritate centrală, lăsând cantoanelor dreptul de autonomie în ce privește aspectele locale. Dând credit celor care favorizau puterea cantoanelor (Sonderbund Kantone), adunarea națională a fost împărțită într-o cameră superioară (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_Cantoanelor&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consiliul Cantoanelor — pagină inexistentă">Consiliul Cantoanelor</a>, cu 2 reprezentanți pe fiecare canton) și o cameră inferioară (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_Na%C8%9Bional_al_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consiliul Național al Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Consiliul Național al Elveției</a>, cu reprezentanți aleși din toată țara). <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Referendum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Referendum">Referendumul</a> este obligatoriu pentru orice amendament la constituție.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsonline-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg/220px-Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1326"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg/220px-Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg/330px-Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg/440px-Gotthard_Er%C3%B6ffnungszug_Bellinzona.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Inaugurarea în 1882 a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tunelul_Gotthard?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tunelul Gotthard">tunelului feroviar Gotthard</a> ce leagă cantonul sudic Ticino, cel mai lung tunel din lume la acea vreme.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>S-a introdus un sistem unic de greutăți și măsuri și în 1850 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franc_elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franc elvețian">francul elvețian</a> a devenit monedă unică în toate cantoanele. Articolul 11 din constituție interzice trimiterea de trupe în străinătate, deși elvețienii erau încă obligați să ofere regelui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francisc_al_II-lea_al_celor_Dou%C4%83_Sicilii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisc al II-lea al celor Două Sicilii">Francisc al II-lea al celor Două Sicilii</a> gărzi elvețiene la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Asediul_Gaetei_(1860)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Asediul Gaetei (1860) — pagină inexistentă">asediul Gaetei din 1860</a>, ceea ce a dus la sfârșitul serviciului militar în străinătate.</p> <p>O clauză importantă a constituției a fost aceea că ea poate fi rescrisă în totalitate dacă se consideră necesar, permițând astfel evoluția sa ca întreg, fără a trebui să fie modificată amendament cu amendament.<sup id="cite_ref-HistoiredelaSuisse_38-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-HistoiredelaSuisse-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Aceasta s-a dovedit în curând când creșterea demografică și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_Industrial%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Revoluția Industrială">Revoluția Industrială</a> care au urmat au dus la apeluri pentru modificarea constituției. O primă propunere a fost respinsă de populație în 1872, dar modificările ulterioare au dus la acceptarea ei în 1874.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-9" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ea a introdus referendumul facultativ pentru adoptarea legilor la nivel federal. Prin ea s-au stabilit responsabilitățile federale pentru apărare, comerț, și în chestiuni legale.</p> <p>În 1891, constituția a fost revizuită cu elemente neobișnuit de puternice în sprijinul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democra%C8%9Bie_direct%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democrație directă">democrației directe</a>, care rămân unice în lume până în ziua de azi.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-10" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Istoria_modernă"><span id="Istoria_modern.C4.83"></span>Istoria modernă</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoria modernă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Ulrich_Wille.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ulrich_Wille.jpg/220px-Ulrich_Wille.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="448"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 154px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ulrich_Wille.jpg/220px-Ulrich_Wille.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="154" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ulrich_Wille.jpg/330px-Ulrich_Wille.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Ulrich_Wille.jpg/440px-Ulrich_Wille.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Generalul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ulrich_Wille&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ulrich Wille — pagină inexistentă">Ulrich Wille</a>, comandant suprem al armatei elvețiene în timpul Primului Război Mondial </figcaption> </figure> <p>Elveția nu a fost invadată în timpul nici unuia dintre cele două <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=R%C4%83zboaiele_Mondiale&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Războaiele Mondiale — pagină inexistentă">războaie mondiale</a>. În Primul Război Mondial, în Elveția s-a refugiat Vladimir Ilici Uleanov (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a>) care a rămas aici până în 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neutralitatea Elveției a fost pusă în discuție de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Afacerea_Grimm-Hoffmann&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Afacerea Grimm-Hoffmann — pagină inexistentă">afacerea Grimm-Hoffmann</a> în 1917, dar problema a fost de scurtă durată. În 1920, Elveția a aderat la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liga_Na%C8%9Biunilor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Liga Națiunilor">Liga Națiunilor</a>, care a avut sediul la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, cu condiția ca țara să fie scutită de orice obligație militară.</p> <p>În <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Al Doilea Război Mondial">al Doilea Război Mondial</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germania_Nazist%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germania Nazistă">Germania Nazistă</a> a întocmit <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Opera%C8%9Biunea_Tannenbaum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Operațiunea Tannenbaum">un plan detaliat de invazie a țării</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dar Elveția nu a fost niciodată atacată.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-11" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ea a reușit să rămână independentă printr-o combinație de pregătiri militare solide, concesii făcute Germaniei și noroc datorită evenimentelor mai importante din timpul războiului, care au amânat invazia.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsonline-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stonebooks_41-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Stonebooks-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sub generalul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Henri_Guisan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Henri Guisan — pagină inexistentă">Henri Guisan</a>, s-a ordonat o mare mobilizare a milițiilor. Strategia militară elvețiană s-a schimbat de la o apărare statică la frontiere pentru protejarea inimii economice a țării, la una de luptă de uzură pe termen lung, cu retragere pe poziții puternice, bine aprovizionate și apărate în zonele înalte ale Alpilor, denumite <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Reduit&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Reduit — pagină inexistentă"><i>Reduta</i></a>. Elveția a fost o importantă bază de spionaj pentru ambele părți în conflict și adesea a mijlocit comunicațiile între Axă și Aliați.<sup id="cite_ref-Stonebooks_41-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Stonebooks-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Comerțul Elveției a suferit blocade de ambele părți. Cooperarea economică și extensia creditului pentru <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al_Treilea_Reich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Treilea Reich">al Treilea Reich</a> a variat în conformitate cu percepția posibilității invaziei și cu disponibilitatea altor parteneri comerciali. Concesiile au atins un maxim după ce o crucială legătură feroviară prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba_de_la_Vichy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Franța de la Vichy">Franța de la Vichy</a> a fost tăiată în 1942, lăsând Elveția complet încercuită de state ale Axei. De-a lungul războiului, Elveția a primit peste 300.000 de refugiați<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Crucea_Ro%C8%99ie_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Crucea Roșie Internațională">Crucea Roșie Internațională</a>, cu sediul la Geneva, a jucat un rol important în timpul conflictului. Controlul strict al imigrației și politicile de acordare a azilului, precum și relațiile financiare cu Germania Nazistă au ridicat controverse, dar abia la sfârșitul secolului al XX-lea.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În timpul războiului, Forțele Aeriene au atacat avioane ale ambelor părți, doborând 11 avioane <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luftwaffe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a> care au încălcat spațiul aerian în lunile mai și iunie 1940, continuând să oblige la aterizare forțată și alți intruși după o schimbare a politicii în urma amenințărilor Germaniei. Peste 100 de bombardiere aliate și echipajele lor au fost arestate în timpul războiului. În 1944–45, bombardierele aliate au lovit din greșeală câteva ținte din Elveția, între care se numără orașele <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schaffhausen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basel">Basel</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stonebooks_41-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Stonebooks-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>După război, guvernul elvețian a exportat credite prin fondul caritabil denumit Schweizerspende și a contribuit la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Planul_Marshall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Planul Marshall">Planul Marshall</a> pentru a susține recuperarea economică a Europei, eforturi de care a beneficiat și economia elvețiană.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Femeile au primit drept de vot la început la nivel de canton în 1959, și apoi la nivel federal în 1971<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-12" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FCO_45-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FCO-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și, în ciuda opoziției, în ultimul canton <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Appenzell_Innerrhoden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Appenzell Innerrhoden">Appenzell Innerrhoden</a> (unul din ultimele două <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Landsgemeinde&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Landsgemeinde — pagină inexistentă">Landsgemeinde</a></i> rămase) în 1990. După votul universal la nivel federal, femeile au căpătat rapid importanță în viața politică, prima femeie care a devenit membră a executivului Consiliului Federal fiind <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elisabeth_Kopp&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Elisabeth Kopp — pagină inexistentă">Elisabeth Kopp</a>, în perioada 1984–1989,<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-13" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> iar prima femeie președinte a fost <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Dreifuss&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ruth Dreifuss — pagină inexistentă">Ruth Dreifuss</a> în 1999.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg/220px-Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3386" data-file-height="2427"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 158px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg/220px-Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="158" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg/330px-Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg/440px-Bundesrat_Conseil_Consglio_Cussegl.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> În 2003, acordând <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Partidul_Popular_Elve%C8%9Bian&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Partidul Popular Elvețian — pagină inexistentă">Partidului Popular</a> un al doilea loc în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_Federal_al_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consiliul Federal al Elveției — pagină inexistentă">cabinet</a>, parlamentul a modificat coaliția care a dominat politica Elveției din 1959. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Elveția a aderat la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consiliul_Europei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consiliul Europei">Consiliul Europei</a> în 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsonline-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 1979 unele zone din cantonul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berna">Berna</a> s-au separat de acesta, formând un nou canton, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Jura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Jura">cantonul Jura</a>. La 18 aprilie 1999 populația Elveției și cantoanele au votat în favoarea unei revizuiri totale a constituției federale.<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-14" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În 2002, Elveția a devenit membru cu drepturi depline al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ONU?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ONU">ONU</a>, lăsând <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vatican?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vatican">Vaticanul</a> să rămână ultimul stat cu largă recunoaștere care nu este membru ONU. Elveția este membru fondator al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Asocia%C8%9Bia_European%C4%83_de_Liber_Schimb&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Asociația Europeană de Liber Schimb — pagină inexistentă">EFTA</a>, Dar nu este membră a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zona_Economic%C4%83_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Zona Economică Europeană">Zonei Economice Europene</a>. O cerere de aderare la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uniunea_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uniunea Europeană">Uniunea Europeană</a> a fost trimisă în mai 1992, dar nu a fost susținută întrucât ZEE a fost respinsă în decembrie 1992<sup id="cite_ref-Brief_34-15" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Brief-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> când Elveția a fost singura țară care a ținut un referendum pe acest subiect. De atunci, au mai fost organizate mai multe referendumuri pe tema UE; din cauza unei reacții împărțite în rândul populației, cererea de aderare a fost înghețată. Totuși, legislația elvețiană este treptat ajustată pentru conformitate cu acquis-ul comunitar, iar guvernul a semnat mai multe acorduri bilaterale cu Uniunea Europeană. Elveția, împreună cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liechtenstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>, este complet înconjurată de UE după aderarea Austriei în 1995. La 5 iunie 2005, alegătorii elvețieni au acceptat cu o majoritate de 55% să adere la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tratatul_Schengen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tratatul Schengen — pagină inexistentă">tratatul Schengen</a>, rezultat privit de comentatorii europeni ca un semn de susținere din partea Elveției, o țară tradițional considerată ca fiind independentă și reticentă față de aderarea la organizații supranaționale.<sup id="cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Nationsonline-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Geografie">Geografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Geografie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg/240px-Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="154" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1349" data-file-height="865"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 154px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg/240px-Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg" data-width="240" data-height="154" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg/360px-Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg/480px-Switzerland_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Harta fizică a Elveției </figcaption> </figure> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso"> Articol principal: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geografia_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geografia Elveției">Geografia Elveției</a>. </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16505893"> <p>Întinsă de-a lungul părților nordică și sudică a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mun%C8%9Bii_Alpi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Munții Alpi">Alpilor</a> în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa_de_Vest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa de Vest">Europa de Vest</a>-<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa_Central%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa Centrală">Centrală</a>, Elveția cuprinde o mare diversitate de peisaje și climate pe o suprafață mică, de doar 41.285 km².<sup id="cite_ref-Geo_46-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Geo-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Populația este de circa 7,9 milioane, ceea ce are ca rezultat o densitate medie de circa 190 de locuitori pe kilometru pătrat.<sup id="cite_ref-Geo_46-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Geo-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Landscape_47-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Landscape-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-maps_48-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-maps-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jumătatea sudică, mai muntoasă, a țării este mult mai rarefiat populată decât cea nordică.<sup id="cite_ref-Geo_46-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Geo-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În cel mai mare canton, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Graub%C3%BCnden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Graubünden">Graubünden</a>, aflat în întregime în Alpi, densitatea populației scade la 27 /km².</p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r13393782/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption-center{text-align:center;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style> <div class="thumb tmulti tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Hauteroute.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Hauteroute.jpg/180px-Hauteroute.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Hauteroute.jpg/180px-Hauteroute.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="180" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Hauteroute.jpg/270px-Hauteroute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Hauteroute.jpg/360px-Hauteroute.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Sanetsch.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sanetsch.jpg/180px-Sanetsch.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1063"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sanetsch.jpg/180px-Sanetsch.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="180" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sanetsch.jpg/270px-Sanetsch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sanetsch.jpg/360px-Sanetsch.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Central_Switzerland.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Central_Switzerland.jpg/180px-Central_Switzerland.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1022" data-file-height="682"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Central_Switzerland.jpg/180px-Central_Switzerland.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="180" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Central_Switzerland.jpg/270px-Central_Switzerland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Central_Switzerland.jpg/360px-Central_Switzerland.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Peisaje contrastante între zona <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matterhorn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matterhorn">Matterhorn</a> din Alpii înalți, regiunea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Col_du_Sanetsch&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Col du Sanetsch — pagină inexistentă">Sanetsch</a> și platoul la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lacul_Lucerna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacul Lucerna">lacul Lucerna</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>Elveția se întinde între paralelele de 45° și 48° latitudine nordică, și între meridianele de 5° și 11° longitudine estică. Ea conține trei zone topografice de bază: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpii_Elve%C8%9Bieni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alpii Elvețieni">Alpii Elvețieni</a> la sud, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Platoul_Elve%C8%9Bian&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Platoul Elvețian — pagină inexistentă">Platoul Elvețian</a> sau țara de mijloc, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mun%C8%9Bii_Jura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Munții Jura">Munții Jura</a> în nord. Alpii sunt un lanț muntos înalt, care traversează partea central-sudică a țării, formând circa 60% din suprafața ei totală. Printre văile înalte din Alpii Elvețieni se găsesc mulți ghețari, totalizând o suprafață de 1.063 kilometri pătrați. Din aceștia își au izvoarele mai multe râuri importante, printre care <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rin">Rinul</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A2ul_Inn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Râul Inn">Innul</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A2ul_Ticino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Râul Ticino">Ticino</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ron?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ron">Ronul</a>, care curg către cele patru puncte cardinale și parcurg mare parte din restul Europei. Rețeaua hidrografică cuprinde mai multe dintre cele mai mari lacuri din Europa de Vest și Centrală, între care se numără <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lacul_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lacul Geneva">lacul Geneva</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bodensee?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodensee">Bodensee</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lacul_Maggiore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lacul Maggiore">lacul Maggiore</a>. Elveția are peste 1500 de lacuri, și conține 6% din rezervele de apă proaspătă ale Europei. Lacurile și ghețarii acoperă circa 6% din teritoriul țării.<sup id="cite_ref-Geo_46-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Geo-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Circa o sută de vârfuri montane din Elveția se apropie de 4.000 m sau depășesc această altitudine.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cu 4.634 m, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monte_Rosa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monte Rosa">Monte Rosa</a> este cel mai înalt, deși <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matterhorn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matterhorn">Matterhorn</a> (4.478 m) este probabil mai celebru. Ambele se află în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alpii_Penini&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alpii Penini — pagină inexistentă">Alpii Penini</a> în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Valais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Valais">cantonul Valais</a>. Secțiunea din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpii_Bernezi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alpii Bernezi">Alpii Bernezi</a> aflată deasupra văii glaciare adânci <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lauterbrunnen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lauterbrunnen">Lauterbrunnen</a>, cu 72 de cascade, este celebră pentru vârfurile <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jungfrau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jungfrau">Jungfrau</a> (4.158 m) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eiger?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eiger">Eiger</a>, și pentru văile pitorești. În sud-est, lunga vale <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Engadin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Engadin">Engadin</a>, cuprinzând zona <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St._Moritz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St. Moritz">St. Moritz</a> din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Graub%C3%BCnden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Graubünden">cantonul Graubünden</a>, este și ea celebră; cel mai înalt vârf din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpii_Bernina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpii Bernina">Alpii Bernina</a> este <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piz_Bernina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piz Bernina">Piz Bernina</a> (4.049 m).<sup id="cite_ref-geography_52-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-geography-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Partea nordică a țării, mai dens populată, cu circa 30% din suprafața totală a țării, mai este numită și Țara de Mijloc. Ea are peisaje deluroase mai deschise, parțial împădurite, parțial acoperite cu pășuni, folosite de obicei de turmele de ierbivore, sau cu lanuri de legume, dar tot pe dealuri. Aici se găsesc marile lacuri ale țării, ca și cele mai mari orașe elvețiene.<sup id="cite_ref-geography_52-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-geography-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cel mai mare lac este <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lacul_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lacul Geneva">lacul Geneva</a> (denumit în franceză <i>Lac Léman</i>), în extremitatea vestică a țării. Lacul se află pe <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A2ul_Ron?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Râul Ron">râul Ron</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Clima">Clima</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Clima" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r13393782/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"> <div class="thumb tmulti tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg/180px-Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1125"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg/180px-Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="180" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg/270px-Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg/360px-Aletschhorn_from_Konkordiaplatz.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Joux.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Joux.jpg/180px-Joux.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 135px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Joux.jpg/180px-Joux.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="180" data-height="135" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Joux.jpg/270px-Joux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Joux.jpg/360px-Joux.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="trow"> <div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg/180px-Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="140" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2182" data-file-height="1700"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 140px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg/180px-Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="180" data-height="140" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg/270px-Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg/360px-Lago_di_Lugano3.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Contrast între diferitele climate: cea mai înghețată zonă din Eurasia occidentală (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ghe%C8%9Barul_Aletsch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ghețarul Aletsch">ghețarul Aletsch</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> clima temperată rece din Jura (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vall%C3%A9e_de_Joux&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Vallée de Joux — pagină inexistentă">Vallée de Joux</a>) și cantonul sudic Ticino (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Lacul_Lugano&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Lacul Lugano — pagină inexistentă">lacul Lugano</a>) </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>Clima Elveției este în general <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clim%C4%83_temperat%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Climă temperată">temperată</a>, dar poate varia mult de la un loc la altul,<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_54-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Climate-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCclimate_55-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BBCclimate-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> de la condiții glaciare în zonele înalte de munte, până la un climat plăcut, aproape <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clim%C4%83_mediteranean%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Climă mediteraneană">mediteranean</a> în extremitatea sudică. Există unele văi în zona de sud în care trăiesc și unii <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palmier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palmier">palmieri</a> mai rezistenți la frig. Verile tind să fie calde și umede uneori, cu ploi periodice, fiind ideale pentru pășunat. Iernile mai uscate în zona de munte pot prezenta intervale lungi de vreme stabilă, ce durează cu săptămânile, în vreme ce depresiunile intramontane tind să sufere de inversiune climatică, cu vreme deosebit de rece, și fără soare timp de mai multe săptămâni.</p> <p>Un fenomen meteorologic denumit <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%B6hn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Föhn">föhn</a> poate avea loc oricând în timpul anului, și este caracterizat printr-un vânt neașteptat de cald, care aduce la nord de Alpi aer cu umiditate relativ scăzută de pe versantul sudic, în perioadele ploioase. Fenomenul funcționează în ambele sensuri peste munți, dar este mai eficient atunci când bate dinspre sud, datorită urcării mai abrupte pe care trebuie să o facă aerul ce vine dinspre sud. În văile cu orientare pe direcția nord-sud, acest fenomen se declanșează cel mai bine. Cele mai uscate condiții persistă în toate depresiunile intraalpine care primesc mai puține precipitații, deoarece norii își pierd mare parte din conținut în timp ce traversează munții și înainte de a ajunge în aceste zone. Zone alpine mari, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Graub%C3%BCnden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Graubünden">Graubünden</a> rămân mai uscate decât cele subalpine și, cum ar fi în valea principală a cantonului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Valais">Valais</a>, sunt condiții propice pentru creșterea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vi%C8%9B%C4%83_de_vie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viță de vie">viței de vie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FederalClimate_56-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FederalClimate-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Cele mai umede condiții persistă în Alpii înalți și în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Ticino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Ticino">cantonul Ticino</a>, care beneficiază de mult soare, combinat însă cu ploi abundente și de scurtă durată.<sup id="cite_ref-FederalClimate_56-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FederalClimate-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precipitațiile tind să fie moderat răspândite pe toată durata anului, cu un maxim nu foarte mare pe timp de vară. Toamna este cel mai uscat anotimp, iarna cad mai puține precipitații decât vara, și totuși vremea în Elveția nu este foarte stabilă și poate varia de la an la an fără perioade stricte și previzibile.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Efectele_încălzirii_globale"><span id="Efectele_.C3.AEnc.C4.83lzirii_globale"></span>Efectele încălzirii globale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Efectele încălzirii globale" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Enc%C4%83lzirea_global%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Încălzirea globală">Încălzirea globală</a> este deosebit de grea pentru Elveția. Acest lucru se datorează climatului continental și locației în latitudinile medii.<sup id="cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swin-45090938-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Între începutul înregistrărilor meteo în 1864 și 2019, a devenit în Elveția, în medie, cu 1,9 °C mai cald.<sup id="cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swin-45090938-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drept urmare, temperaturile din Elveția au crescut de două ori mai repede decât media globală.<sup id="cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swin-45090938-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Încălzirea s-a accelerat în ultimii 30 de ani.<sup id="cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swin-45090938-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În fiecare an între 1991 și 2019 a fost mai cald decât media pentru anii 1961-1992.<sup id="cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swin-45090938-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Din cele zece temperaturi medii cele mai călduroase din iunie de la începerea înregistrărilor meteorologice, șapte au fost măsurate după 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swin-45090938-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 1890, Davos mai avea 231 de zile de îngheț (= numărul de zile sub 0 °C); în 2018 au fost doar 161 de zile de îngheț în Davos.<sup id="cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-6" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-swin-45090938-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zona ghețarilor elvețieni aproape la jumătate între 1850 (1621 km<sup>2</sup>) și 2019 (944 km<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studiile științifice ajung la concluzia că, în jurul anului 2050, sporturile de iarnă nu vor mai fi posibile în Elveția dacă nu se îndeplinește ținta de două grade a acordului climatic de la Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Mediul">Mediul</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Mediul" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Ecosistemele Elveției pot fi deosebit de fragile, din cauza numeroaselor văi separate de munți înalți, formând condiții unice. Regiunile montane sunt și ele vulnerabile, o gamă largă de plante negăsindu-se la alte altitudini, iar pășunatul și turismul punând presiune pe ele. Condițiile climatice, geologice și topografice ale regiunilor alpine dau naștere unui ecosistem foarte fragil și deosebit de sensibil la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schimb%C4%83ri_climatice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Schimbări climatice">schimbări climatice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Animale specifice Munților Alpi sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marmot%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marmotă">marmota</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Capr%C4%83_neagr%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Capră neagră">capra neagră</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Politica">Politica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Politica" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Constitu%C8%9Bia_Federal%C4%83_a_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Constituția Federală a Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Constituția Federală</a> adoptată în 1848 constituie baza legală a statului federal modern. Ea este una dintre cele mai vechi constituții din lume.<sup id="cite_ref-Politics_62-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Politics-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 1999 s-a adoptat o nouă constituție, dar ea nu a introdus modificări notabile în structura federală. Ea enunță drepturile politice și elementare ale indivizilor și cetățenilor implicați în treburile publice, împarte puterile între Confederație și cantoane și definește jurisdicția și autoritatea federală. Există trei principale organisme de guvernare la nivel federal:<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> legislativul bicameral, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consiliul_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consiliul Federal Elvețian">Consiliul Federal</a> (executivul) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Curtea_Suprem%C4%83_Federal%C4%83_a_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Curtea Supremă Federală a Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Curtea Federală</a> (instanță judecătorească).</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bern_104.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bern_104.jpg/170px-Bern_104.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="175" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1147" data-file-height="1180"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 175px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bern_104.jpg/170px-Bern_104.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="175" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bern_104.jpg/255px-Bern_104.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bern_104.jpg/340px-Bern_104.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Palatul_Federal&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Palatul Federal — pagină inexistentă">Palatul Federal</a>, sediul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Adunarea_Federal%C4%83_a_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Adunarea Federală a Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Adunării Federale</a> și al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consiliul_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consiliul Federal Elvețian">Consiliului Federal</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Parlamentul_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Parlamentul Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Parlamentul Elveției</a> este format din două camere: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_Statelor&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consiliul Statelor — pagină inexistentă">Consiliul Statelor</a> (camera superioară) care are 46 de reprezentanți (câte doi din fiecare canton și câte unul din fiecare semicanton) aleși prin sisteme ce diferă de la canton la canton, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_Na%C8%9Bional_al_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consiliul Național al Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Consiliul Național</a>, format din 200 de membri aleși prin vot proporțional, distribuiți în funcție de populația fiecărui canton. Membrii ambelor camere au mandate de 4 ani. Când ambele camere sunt reunite în ședință comună, ele sunt denumite împreună <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Adunarea_Federal%C4%83_a_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Adunarea Federală a Elveției — pagină inexistentă">„Adunarea Federală”</a>. Prin <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Referendum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Referendum">referendumuri</a>, cetățenii pot contesta orice lege adoptată de parlament și prin inițiativă legislativă cetățenească pot introduce amendamente la constituția federală, Elveția fiind astfel o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democra%C8%9Bie_direct%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democrație directă">democrație directă</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Politics_62-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Politics-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consiliul_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consiliul Federal Elvețian">Consiliul Federal</a> constituie guvernul federal, conduce administrația federală și îndeplinește funcția colectivă de șef al statului. Este un organism colegial format din șapte membri, aleși pe un mandat de patru ani de Adunarea Federală care îi și supervizează activitatea. Președintele Confederației este ales de Adunare din cei șapte membri, de regulă prin rotație pentru un mandat de un an; președintele conduce ședințele de guvern și îndeplinește și funcțiile de reprezentare internațională. Președintele rămâne însă un <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Primus_inter_pares?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Primus inter pares">primus inter pares</a></i> fără puteri adiționale, rămânând și ministru cu portofoliu în cadrul administrației.<sup id="cite_ref-Politics_62-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Politics-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Guvernul elvețian este, din 1959, o coaliție de patru mari partide politice, fiecare având un număr de locuri în guvern ce reflectă proporția de electorat a fiecăruia și reprezentarea fiecăruia în parlamentul federal. Distribuția clasică este: 2 CVP/PDC, 2 SPS/PSS, 2 FDP/PRD și 1 SVP/UDC, între 1959 și 2003 cunoscută sub numele de „formula magică”. La alegerile din 2007, locurile în Consiliul Federal s-au distribuit astfel:</p> <dl> <dd> 2 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Partidul_Social_Democrat_din_Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Partidul Social Democrat din Elveția — pagină inexistentă">social-democrați (SPS/PSS)</a>, </dd> <dd> 2 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Partidul_Liber_Democrat_din_Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Partidul Liber Democrat din Elveția — pagină inexistentă">liberal-democrați (FDP/PRD)</a>, </dd> <dd> 2 din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Partidul_Popular_din_Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Partidul Popular din Elveția — pagină inexistentă">Partidul Popular (SVP/UDC)</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </dd> <dd> 1 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Partidul_Democrat_Cre%C8%99tin_Popular_din_Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Partidul Democrat Creștin Popular din Elveția — pagină inexistentă">creștin-democrați (CVP/PDC)</a>. </dd> </dl> <p>Funcția Curții Supreme Federale este aceea de a judeca apelurile împotriva deciziilor celorlalte curți federale sau ale curților supreme cantonale. Judecătorii sunt aleși de Adunarea Federală pentru mandate de șase ani.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Democrația_directă"><span id="Democra.C8.9Bia_direct.C4.83"></span>Democrația directă</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Democrația directă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg/220px-Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg/220px-Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg/330px-Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg/440px-Landsgemeinde_Glarus_2006.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Landsgemeinde&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Landsgemeinde — pagină inexistentă">Landsgemeinde</a>, veche formă de democrație directă. Încă se mai practică în două cantoane.<sup id="cite_ref-Cantons_66-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cantons-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Teritoriul Elveției este supus la trei jurisdicții legale: comuna, cantonul și nivelul federal. Constituția federală din 1848 definește un sistem de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Democra%C8%9Bie_direct%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Democrație directă">democrație directă</a> (uneori denumit <i>semidirectă</i> sau democrație reprezentativ-directă, fiind susținută de instituții comune unor democrații parlamentare). Printre instrumentele democrației directe elvețiene la nivel federal, denumite drepturi civice (<i>Volksrechte</i>, <i>droits civiques</i>), se numără dreptul la <i>inițiativă constituțională</i> și la <i>referendum</i>, ambele putând răsturna hotărâri ale parlamentului.<sup id="cite_ref-Politics_62-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Politics-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Declanșând un <i>referendum</i>, un grup de cetățeni poate contesta o lege adoptată de Parlament, dacă adună 50.000 de semnături în termen de 100 de zile. Dacă se întâmplă aceasta, se planifică referendumul național în care alegătorii decid cu majoritate simplă dacă acceptă sau resping legea. De asemenea, referendumul federal poate fi invocat de conducerea a opt cantoane împreună.<sup id="cite_ref-Politics_62-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Politics-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La fel, dreptul la <i>inițiativă constituțională</i> federală permite cetățenilor să propună un amendament constituțional ce urmează a fi supus votului național, dacă se strâng 100.000 de semnături în termen de 18 luni.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parlamentul poate suplimenta amendamentul cu o contrapropunere, alegătorii trebuind să indice pe buletinul de vot ce variantă preferă sau dacă le acceptă pe ambele. Amendamentele constituționale, fie că au fost introduse prin inițiativă populară sau de Parlament, trebuie acceptate de o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dubl%C4%83_majoritate&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dublă majoritate — pagină inexistentă">dublă majoritate</a>, a votului național popular și a votului cantonal.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Împărțirea_administrativă"><span id=".C3.8Emp.C4.83r.C8.9Birea_administrativ.C4.83"></span>Împărțirea administrativă</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Împărțirea administrativă" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso"> Articol principal: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantoanele_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantoanele Elveției">Cantoanele Elveției</a>. </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16505893"> <p>Confederația Elvețiană constă din 26 de cantoane:<sup id="cite_ref-Politics_62-5" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Politics-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <table style="float:left; border:0; margin:2.6em 0 0;"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top"> <div class="nounderlines" style="width: 400px; float: left; margin: none; padding: none; border: none; clear: left; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"> <div style="background-color: ;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Suisse_cantons.svg/400px-Suisse_cantons.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="283" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1123" data-file-height="794"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 400px;height: 283px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Suisse_cantons.svg/400px-Suisse_cantons.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="400" data-height="283" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Suisse_cantons.svg/600px-Suisse_cantons.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Suisse_cantons.svg/800px-Suisse_cantons.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:134px; top: 196px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Valais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Valais">Valais</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:234px; top: 180px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Ticino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Ticino">Ticino</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:298px; top: 132px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Grisunilor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonul Grisunilor">Graubünden<br> (Grisunii)</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:14px; top: 200px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Geneva">Geneva</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:54px; top: 144px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Vaud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Vaud">Vaud</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:62px; top: 100px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Neuch%C3%A2tel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:106px; top: 56px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Jura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Jura">Jura</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:138px; top: 124px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Berna">Berna</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:258px; top: 28px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Turgovia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonul Turgovia">Turgovia</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:226px; top: 48px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Zürich">Zürich</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:190px; top: 56px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Argovia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonul Argovia">Argovia</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:182px; top: 92px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Lucerna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Lucerna">Lucerna</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:142px; top: 64px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Solothurn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Solothurn">Solothurn</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:138px; top: 44px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Basel-Provincie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Basel-Provincie">Basel-Provincie</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:198px; top: 12px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schaffhausen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:226px; top: 140px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Uri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Uri">Uri</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:230px; top: 96px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schwyz">Schwyz</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:266px; top: 104px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Glarus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Glarus">Glarus</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:278px; top: 76px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_St._Gallen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:298px; top: 64px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Appenzell_Intern?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Appenzell Intern">AI</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:290px; top: 52px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Appenzell_Extern?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Appenzell Extern">AE</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:186px; top: 124px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Obwald?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Obwald">Obwald</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:194px; top: 112px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Nidwald?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Nidwald">Nidwald</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:222px; top: 84px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Zug?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Zug">Zug</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:90px; top: 132px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Fribourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Fribourg">Fribourg</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:130px; top: 24px;"> <b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Basel-Ora%C8%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Basel-Oraș">Basel-Oraș</a></b> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:2px; top: 68px;"> <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franța"><span style="color: #48A3B5;">Franța</span></a></i> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:218px; top: 244px;"> <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italia"><span style="color: #48A3B5;">Italia</span></a></i> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:322px; top: 88px;"> <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liechtenstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liechtenstein"><span style="color: #48A3B5;">Liecht.</span></a></i> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:362px; top: 72px;"> <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austria"><span style="color: #48A3B5;">Austria</span></a></i> </div> </div> <div style="font-size: smaller; line-height: 10px;"> <div style="position: absolute; text-align: center; left:302px; top: 0px;"> <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germania"><span style="color: #48A3B5;">Germania</span></a></i> </div> </div> </div><p><br></p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%;"> <tbody> <tr style="font-size:100%; text-align:right;"> <th colspan="2">Canton</th> <th>Capitala</th> <th colspan="2">Canton</th> <th>Capitala</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="619"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Aargau_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aargau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Aargau">Argovia</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aarau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aarau">Aarau</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="2298"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Nidwalden_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;">*<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nidwalden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nidwalden">Nidvaldo</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stans?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stans">Stans</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="494"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Appenzell_Ausserrhoden_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;">*<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Appenzell_Ausserrhoden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Appenzell Ausserrhoden">Appenzell Extern</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Herisau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Herisau">Herisau</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="647"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Obwalden_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;">*<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Obwalden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Obwalden">Obvaldo</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sarnen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sarnen">Sarnen</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="494"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Appenzell_Innerrhoden_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;">*<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Appenzell_Innerrhoden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Appenzell Innerrhoden">Appenzell Intern</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Appenzell_(ora%C8%99)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Appenzell (oraș)">Appenzell</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="2298"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Schaffhausen_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schaffhausen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schaffhausen">Sciaffusa</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schaffhausen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg/14px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg/14px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg/21px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg/28px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kanton_Basel-Landschaft.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;">*<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basel-Landschaft?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Basel-Landschaft">Basel-Provincie</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Liestal&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Liestal — pagină inexistentă">Liestal</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Schwyz_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schwyz">Schwyz</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Schwyz">Schwyz</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="613"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Basel-Stadt_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;">*<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basel-Stadt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Basel-Stadt">Basel-Oraș</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basel">Basel</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Solothurn_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Solothurn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Solothurn">Soletta</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solothurn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solothurn">Solothurn</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Bern_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Wappen_Bern_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Bern_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Wappen_Bern_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Bern_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Wappen_Bern_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Bern_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Wappen_Bern_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Bern_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Berna">Berna</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berna">Berna</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg/14px-Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="679"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg/14px-Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg/21px-Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg/28px-Coat_of_arms_of_canton_of_St._Gallen.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_St._Gallen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul St. Gallen">Sf. Gall</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St._Gallen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="605" data-file-height="765"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 18px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="18" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Freiburg_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Fribourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Fribourg">Fribourg</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fribourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fribourg">Fribourg</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Thurgau_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thurgau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thurgau">Turgovia</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Frauenfeld&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Frauenfeld — pagină inexistentă">Frauenfeld</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Genf_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Wappen_Genf_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Genf_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Wappen_Genf_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Genf_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Wappen_Genf_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Genf_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Wappen_Genf_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Genf_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Geneva">Geneva</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="494"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Tessin_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ticino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ticino">Ticino</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellinzona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Glarus_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Glarus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Glarus">Glarona</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Glarus&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Glarus — pagină inexistentă">Glarus</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Uri_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Wappen_Uri_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Uri_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="619"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Wappen_Uri_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Uri_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Wappen_Uri_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Uri_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Wappen_Uri_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Uri_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Uri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Uri">Uri</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Altdorf,_Switzerland&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Altdorf, Switzerland — pagină inexistentă">Altdorf</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg/14px-CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="265"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg/14px-CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg/21px-CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg/28px-CHE_Graub%C3%BCnden_COA.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Graub%C3%BCnden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Graubünden">Grigioni</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chur">Chur</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Wallis_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Valais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Valais">Valais</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sion,_Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sion, Elveția">Sion</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Jura_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Wappen_Jura_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Jura_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Wappen_Jura_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Jura_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Wappen_Jura_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Jura_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Wappen_Jura_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Jura_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Jura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Jura">Jura</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Del%C3%A9mont&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Delémont — pagină inexistentă">Delémont</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Waadt_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vaud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaud">Vaud</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lausanne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Luzern_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Lucerna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Lucerna">Lucerna</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lucerna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lucerna">Lucerna</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Zug_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Wappen_Zug_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Zug_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="494"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Wappen_Zug_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Zug_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Wappen_Zug_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Zug_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Wappen_Zug_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Zug_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Zug?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Zug">Zoug</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zug?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zug">Zug</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="493"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Neuenburg_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Neuch%C3%A2tel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neuch%C3%A2tel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></td> <td style="border-right:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="492"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg/14px-Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg.png" data-width="14" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg/21px-Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg/28px-Wappen_Z%C3%BCrich_matt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></td> <td style="border-left:0;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Zürich">Zurigo</a></td> <td><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>*<small>Aceste <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Semicanton&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Semicanton — pagină inexistentă">semicantoane</a> sunt reprezentate de un singur consilier (în loc de doi) în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_Elve%C8%9Bian_al_Statelor&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consiliul Elvețian al Statelor — pagină inexistentă">Consiliul Statelor</a>.</small></p> <p>Cantoanele au statut constituțional permanent și, spre deosebire de situația din alte țări, au un grad mare de independență. Conform Constituției, toate cele 26 de cantoane sunt egale în statut. Fiecare canton are propria constituție, propriul parlament, guvern și instanțe judecătorești.<sup id="cite_ref-Cantons_66-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cantons-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Există însă diferențe considerabile între cantoane, în deosebi în termeni de populație și suprafață. Populația unui canton variază între 15.000 de locuitori (Appenzell Innerrhoden) și 1.253.500 (Zürich), iar suprafața între 37 km² (Basel-Stadt) și 7.105 km² (Graubünden). Cantoanele acoperă în total 2.485 de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comunele_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comunele Elveției">comune</a>. În interiorul teritoriului elvețian există două <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enclave?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Enclave">enclave</a>: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%BCsingen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Büsingen">Büsingen</a> care aparține Germaniei, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Campione_d%27Italia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Campione d'Italia">Campione d'Italia</a> ce aparține Italiei.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Într-un referendum ținut în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Landurile_Austriei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Landurile Austriei">landul austriac</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vorarlberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vorarlberg">Vorarlberg</a> la 11 mai 1919, peste 80% dintre alegători au validat o cerere de aderare a landului la Confederația Elvețiană. Aceasta a întâmpinat însă opoziție din partea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prima_Republic%C4%83_Austriac%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Prima Republică Austriacă">guvernului austriac</a>, din partea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antanta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antanta">aliaților învingători în Primul Război Mondial</a>, a liberalilor elvețieni și a elvețienilor negermanofoni.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Relații_externe_și_instituții_internaționale"><span id="Rela.C8.9Bii_externe_.C8.99i_institu.C8.9Bii_interna.C8.9Bionale"></span>Relații externe și instituții internaționale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Relații externe și instituții internaționale" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Prin tradiție, Elveția evită alianțele ce ar putea implica acțiuni directe militare, politice sau economice și a păstrat neutralitatea de la sfârșitul expansiunii sale în 1515. Politica sa de neutralitate a fost recunoscută internațional la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Congresul_de_la_Viena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Congresul de la Viena">Congresul de la Viena</a> din 1815.<sup id="cite_ref-Neutrality_76-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Neutrality-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nationsencyclopedia.com_77-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nationsencyclopedia.com-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abia în 2002 Elveția a devenit membru cu drepturi depline al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ONU?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ONU">ONU</a><sup id="cite_ref-Neutrality_76-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Neutrality-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și a fost primul stat care a supus aderarea la acest organism unui referendum. Elveția întreține relații diplomatice cu aproape toate țările și a servit drept intermediar între alte state.<sup id="cite_ref-Neutrality_76-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Neutrality-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elveția nu este membru al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uniunea_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uniunea Europeană">Uniunii Europene</a>; elvețienii au respins constant aderarea începând cu anii 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Neutrality_76-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Neutrality-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/170px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 113px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/170px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png" data-width="170" data-height="113" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/255px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg/340px-Flag_of_the_Red_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Drapelul elvețian inversat monocromatic a devenit drapelul Mișcării Crucii Roșii,<sup id="cite_ref-FCO_45-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FCO-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> înființată în 1863 de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Dunant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Dunant">Henri Dunant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Un număr neobișnuit de mare de instituții internaționale își au sediul în Elveția, în parte datorită politicii de neutralitate a cestei țări. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a> este locul unde a apărut <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mi%C8%99carea_Crucii_Ro%C8%99ii&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mișcarea Crucii Roșii — pagină inexistentă">Mișcarea Crucii Roșii</a> și unde s-au perfectat <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conven%C8%9Biile_de_la_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Convențiile de la Geneva">Convențiile de la Geneva</a> și, din 2006, găzduiește <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consiliul_pentru_Drepturile_Omului_al_Na%C8%9Biunilor_Unite&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consiliul pentru Drepturile Omului al Națiunilor Unite — pagină inexistentă">Consiliul pentru Drepturile Omului al Națiunilor Unite</a>. Deși Elveția este una dintre cele mai recente țări membre ale ONU, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Palatul_Popoarelor&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Palatul Popoarelor — pagină inexistentă">Palatul Popoarelor</a> din Geneva este al doilea sediu ca mărime al Națiunilor Unite după cel din New York City, iar Elveția a fost membră fondatoare și țară-gazdă a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liga_Na%C8%9Biunilor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Liga Națiunilor">Ligii Națiunilor</a>.</p> <p>În afara sediului ONU, Confederația Elvețiană găzduiește mai multe agenții ONU, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Mondial%C4%83_a_S%C4%83n%C4%83t%C4%83%C8%9Bii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organizația Mondială a Sănătății">Organizația Mondială a Sănătății</a> (OMS), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83_a_Muncii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organizația Internațională a Muncii">Organizația Internațională a Muncii</a> (OIM), Uniunea Internațională de Telecomunicații (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Telecommunication Union">ITU</a>), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Enaltul_Comisariat_al_ONU_pentru_Refugia%C8%9Bi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Înaltul Comisariat al ONU pentru Refugiați — pagină inexistentă">Înaltul Comisariat al ONU pentru Refugiați</a> și circa 200 de alte organizații internaționale, inclusiv <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Mondial%C4%83_a_Comer%C8%9Bului?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Organizația Mondială a Comerțului">Organizația Mondială a Comerțului</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Neutrality_76-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Neutrality-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ședințele anuale ale <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forumul_Economic_Mondial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forumul Economic Mondial">Forumului Economic Mondial</a> de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davos">Davos</a> reunesc lideri internaționali politici și de afaceri din Elveția și din alte țări, care discută probleme importante cu care se confruntă lumea, inclusiv sănătatea și mediul.</p> <p>Mai mult, unele federații și organizații sportive internaționale își au sediul în această țară, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federa%C8%9Bia_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83_de_Baschet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Federația Internațională de Baschet">Federația Internațională de Baschet</a>, la Geneva, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UEFA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UEFA">UEFA</a> (Uniunea Asociațiilor Europene de Fotbal), la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nyon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nyon">Nyon</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/FIFA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="FIFA">FIFA</a> (Federația Internațională de Fotbal) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Federa%C8%9Bia_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83_de_Hochei_pe_Ghea%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Federația Internațională de Hochei pe Gheață">Federația Internațională de Hochei pe Gheață</a>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uniunea_Ciclist%C4%83_Interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uniunea Ciclistă Internațională">Uniunea Ciclistă Internațională</a>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aigle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Aigle">Aigle</a>, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Comitetul_Interna%C8%9Bional_Olimpic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Comitetul Internațional Olimpic">Comitetul Internațional Olimpic</a>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lausanne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Armata">Armata</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Armata" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg/220px-Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="768"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 132px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg/220px-Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="132" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg/330px-Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg/440px-Axalp_FA-18C_5.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Un avion <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F/A-18_Hornet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="F/A-18 Hornet">F/A-18 Hornet</a> aparținând Forțelor Aeriene Elvețiene zburând peste Alpi </figcaption> </figure> <p>Forțele Armate Elvețiene, incluzând Forțele Terestre și Forțele Aeriene, sunt formate din recruți în serviciu militar obligatoriu: soldații profesioniști constituie doar circa 5% din personalul armatei, tot restul fiind recruți între 20 și 34 de ani (în unele cazuri speciale până la 50 de ani). Neavând ieșire la mare, Elveția nu are marină; pe lacurile din zonele de graniță însă, se utilizează ambarcațiuni de patrulare înarmate. Cetățenii elvețieni nu au dreptul să se înscrie în armatele străine, cu excepția <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Garda_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Garda Elvețiană">Gărzii Elvețiene</a> de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vatican?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vatican">Vatican</a>.</p> <p>Structura sistemului elvețian de miliții stipulează că soldații își păstrează echipamentul militar, inclusiv toate armele, acasă. Unele organizații și partide politice consideră că această practică este una controversată dar opinia publică elvețiană îl susține. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Serviciul_militar_obligatoriu&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Serviciul militar obligatoriu — pagină inexistentă">Serviciul militar obligatoriu</a> este prestat de toți bărbații cetățeni elvețieni; femeile pot și ele presta serviciu militar voluntar. Bărbații primesc de regulă ordine de recrutare în armată la 19 ani. Circa două treimi din tinerii elvețieni sunt găsiți apți pentru serviciul militar; pentru cei inapți, există diverse forme de serviciu alternativ.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anual, aproximativ 20.000 de persoane sunt pregătite în centrele de recrutare pentru o durată de la 18 până la 21 de săptămâni. Reforma „Armata XXI” a fost adoptată prin vot popular în 2003, înlocuind vechiul model „Armata 95”, și reducând efectivele armatei de la 400.000 la circa 200.000. Dintre aceștia, 120.000 de militari sunt activi în cicluri periodice de instrucție ale Armatei și 80.000 sunt rezerviști.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg/220px-SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2652" data-file-height="1572"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 130px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg/220px-SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="130" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg/330px-SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg/440px-SKdt-Fahrzeug_-_Schweizer_Armee_-_Steel_Parade_2006.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Vehicule blindate <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=MOWAG_Eagle&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="MOWAG Eagle — pagină inexistentă">MOWAG Eagle</a> la o paradă </figcaption> </figure> <p>În toată istoria țării, s-au declarat trei mobilizări generale cu scopul de a asigura integritatea și neutralitatea Elveției. Prima a avut loc cu ocazia <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Franco-Prusac?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Războiul Franco-Prusac">Războiului Franco-Prusac</a> din 1870–1871. A doua s-a hotărât ca răspuns la izbucnirea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Primului_R%C4%83zboi_Mondial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Primului Război Mondial">Primului Război Mondial</a> în august 1914. A treia mobilizare a armatei a avut loc în septembrie 1939 după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Invazia_Poloniei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Invazia Poloniei">atacul sovieto-nazist asupra Poloniei</a>; <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Henri_Guisan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Henri Guisan — pagină inexistentă">Henri Guisan</a> a fost ales comandant suprem.</p> <p>În urma politicii sale de neutralitate, armata elvețiană nu ia parte la niciun conflict armat peste hotare, dar participă la misiuni de menținere a păcii în toată lumea. Din 2000, departamentul forțelor armate întreține și sistemul de colectare de informații <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Onyx_(sistem_de_interceptare)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Onyx (sistem de interceptare) — pagină inexistentă">Onyx</a> pentru monitorizarea comunicațiilor prin sateliți.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>După sfârșitul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C4%83zboiului_Rece?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Războiului Rece">Războiului Rece</a> au existat mai multe tentative de a reduce activitatea militară și chiar de a desființa armata cu totul. Un semnificativ referendum pe acest subiect, declanșat de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gruparea_pentru_Elve%C8%9Bia_f%C4%83r%C4%83_Armat%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gruparea pentru Elveția fără Armată — pagină inexistentă">o grupare antimilitaristă</a>, a avut loc la 26 noiembrie 1989. El a fost respins după ce circa două treimi din votanți s-au pronunțat împotriva propunerii.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un referendum similar, convocat înainte, dar ținut la scurt timp după, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atentatele_din_11_septembrie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atentatele din 11 septembrie">atentatele din 11 septembrie</a> din SUA, a fost respins de peste 78% din votanți.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Economie">Economie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Economie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso"> Articol principal: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Economia_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Economia Elveției">Economia Elveției</a>. </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16505893"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg/220px-Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg/220px-Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg/330px-Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg/440px-Vintage_Omega_Speedmaster_145.012-67.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Ceas elvețian <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Omega_Speedmaster&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Omega Speedmaster — pagină inexistentă">Omega Speedmaster</a> purtat pe Lună în timpul misiunilor <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Programul_Apollo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Programul Apollo"><i>Apollo</i></a>. Elveția produce jumătate din valoarea producției mondiale de ceasuri de mână.<sup id="cite_ref-FCO_45-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FCO-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Elveția are o economie stabilă, prosperă și înalt tehnologizată. În 2011, ea era cea mai bogată țară din lume pe cap de locuitor (noțiunea de „bogăție” fiind definită cu includerea atât a bunurilor financiare cât și nefinanciare).<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> După <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PIB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PIB">PIB</a> nominal, este a nouăsprezecea economie din lume, iar în termenii parității puterii de cumpărare, este a treizeci și șasea. Este al douăzecilea cel mai mare exportator, în ciuda dimensiunii sale reduse. Elveția are cel mai mare rating al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Indicele_Libert%C4%83%C8%9Bii_Economice&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Indicele Libertății Economice — pagină inexistentă">libertății economice</a> din Europa pe 2010, acoperind însă mult și prin servicii publice.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PIB-ul nominal pe cap de locuitor este mai mare decât cel al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Japonia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Japonia">Japoniei</a> și decât al altor economii din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa_de_Vest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa de Vest">Europa de Vest</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa_Central%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa Centrală">Centrală</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cia.gov_90-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cia.gov-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dacă se ajustează după paritatea puterii de cumpărare, Elveția se clasează pe locul 8 în lume în termenii PIB-ului pe cap de locuitor, conform Băncii Mondiale și FMI (al 15-lea după CIA Worldfactbook<sup id="cite_ref-cia.gov_90-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cia.gov-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).</p> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Raportul_Competitivit%C4%83%C8%9Bii_Globale&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Raportul Competitivității Globale — pagină inexistentă">Raportul Competitivității Globale</a> al Forumului Economic Mondial clasează economia Elveției pe primul loc în lume după competitivitate,<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> iar după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uniunea_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uniunea Europeană">Uniunea Europeană</a>, Elveția este cea mai inovativă țară de pe continent.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mare parte din secolul al XX-lea, Elveția a fost cea mai bogată țară din Europa la mare distanță de celelalte (după PIB – pe cap de locuitor).<sup id="cite_ref-westeuro_93-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-westeuro-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 2005, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Venitul_median_pe_gospod%C4%83rie&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Venitul median pe gospodărie — pagină inexistentă">venitul median pe gospodărie</a> în Elveția era estimat la 95.000 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franc_elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franc elvețian">CHF</a>, echivalentul a circa 100.000 de dolari (în decembrie 2010) în termeni nominali. Elveția are și una dintre cele mai mari balanțe de cont curent ca procentaj din PIB.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG/170px-Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 256px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG/170px-Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG" data-width="170" data-height="256" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG/255px-Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG/340px-Aerial_view_of_Zurich.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Zona metropolitană <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, unde trăiesc 1,5 milioane de locuitori și își au sediul 150.000 de companii, este unul dintre cele mai importante centre economice din lume.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>În Elveția își au sediul central mai multe corporații internaționale. După venit, cele mai mari companii elvețiene sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Glencore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Glencore">Glencore</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gunvor_(companie)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gunvor (companie) — pagină inexistentă">Gunvor</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Novartis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Novartis">Novartis</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hoffmann-La_Roche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoffmann-La Roche">Hoffmann-La Roche</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ABB_Group?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ABB Group">ABB</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mercuria_Energy_Group&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mercuria Energy Group — pagină inexistentă">Mercuria Energy Group</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adecco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adecco">Adecco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sunt notabile și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=UBS_AG&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="UBS AG — pagină inexistentă">UBS AG</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zurich_Financial_Services?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Zurich Financial Services">Zurich Financial Services</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Credit_Suisse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Credit Suisse">Credit Suisse</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Barry_Callebaut&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Barry Callebaut — pagină inexistentă">Barry Callebaut</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Swiss_Re?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Swiss Re">Swiss Re</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tetra_Pak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tetra Pak">Tetra Pak</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Grupul_Swatch&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Grupul Swatch — pagină inexistentă">Grupul Swatch</a>. Elveția are una dintre cele mai puternice economii din lume.<sup id="cite_ref-westeuro_93-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-westeuro-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Cel mai important sector economic al Elveției este producția industrială. În țară se produc <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Industria_chimic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Industria chimică">substanțe chimice</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Industria_farmaceutic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Industria farmaceutică">bunuri sanitare și farmaceutice</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Instrument_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Instrument de măsură">instrumente de măsură</a> științifice și de precizie, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Instrument_muzical?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Instrument muzical">instrumente muzicale</a>. Cele mai mari exporturi sunt cele de substanțe chimice (34% din exporturi), mașini/electronice (20,9%), și ceasuri/instrumente de precizie (16,9%).<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-yearbook2008-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serviciile exportate se ridică la circa o treime din valoarea bunurilor exportate.<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-yearbook2008-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sectorul serviciilor – în special cel <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Banc%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Bancă">bancar</a> și de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asigur%C4%83ri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Asigurări">asigurări</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Turism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Turism">turismul</a> și organizațiile internaționale – sunt o altă importantă industrie pentru Elveția.</p> <p>Circa 3,8 milioane de oameni lucrează în Elveția; circa 25% din angajați făceau parte în 2004 dintr-un sindicat.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elveția are o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pia%C8%9Ba_muncii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Piața muncii">piață a muncii</a> mai flexibilă decât țările vecine, și în consecință rata <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C8%98omaj?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Șomaj">șomajului</a> este foarte scăzută. Rata șomajului a crescut de la un minim de 1,7% în iunie 2000 la un maxim de 4,4% în decembrie 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Creșterea demografică prin imigrație netă este foarte ridicată, de 0,52% din populație în 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-yearbook2008-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Populația de străini era de 21,8% în 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-yearbook2008-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cam cât și în Australia. Productivitatea muncii (PIB pe ore lucrate în total) este pe locul 17 în lume, de 27,44 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dolar_interna%C8%9Bional&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dolar internațional — pagină inexistentă">dolari internaționali</a> în 2006.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Engadine.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Engadine.jpg/220px-Engadine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1107"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 152px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Engadine.jpg/220px-Engadine.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="152" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Engadine.jpg/330px-Engadine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Engadine.jpg/440px-Engadine.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Engadin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Engadin">Valea Engadinului</a>. Turismul constituie o sursă importantă de venit pentru regiunile alpine mai puțin industrializate. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Elveția are o economie cu un sector privat foarte mare, taxele fiind reduse după standardele lumii occidentale; Taxarea totală este una dintre cele mai mici din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C8%9Aar%C4%83_dezvoltat%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Țară dezvoltată">țările dezvoltate</a>. Elveția este o țară în care se fac afaceri relativ ușor, fiind pe locul 28 din 178 de țări după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Indicele_U%C8%99urin%C8%9Bei_de_a_Face_Afaceri&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Indicele Ușurinței de a Face Afaceri — pagină inexistentă">Indicele Ușurinței de a Face Afaceri</a>. Creșterea economică lentă din anii 1990 și de la începutul anilor 2000 a crescut susținerea pentru reformele economice și armonizarea cu Uniunea Europeană.<sup id="cite_ref-economicsurvey2007_99-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-economicsurvey2007-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conform <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Credit_Suisse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Credit Suisse">Credit Suisse</a>, doar aproximativ 37% din locuitori sunt proprietari ai locuinței lor, aceasta fiind una dintre cele mai scăzute rate ale deținerii de locuințe din Europa. Prețurile locuințelor și alimentelor erau în 2007 la 171% și 145% din indicele celor 25 de state membre înaintea acelui an ale Uniunii, comparativ cu 113% și 104% în Germania.<sup id="cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-yearbook2008-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Protecționismul în agricultură—o rară excepție de la politicile de liber schimb ale Elveției—contribuie la prețurile foarte mari la alimente. Liberalizarea pieței produselor agricole rămâne în urma multor state ale Uniunii Europene, conform <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OECD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-economicsurvey2007_99-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-economicsurvey2007-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cu toate acestea, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Putere_de_cump%C4%83rare&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Putere de cumpărare — pagină inexistentă">puterea de cumpărare</a> internă este una dintre cele mai bune din lume.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În afară de agricultură, barierele economice și comerciale între Elveția și Uniunea Europeană sunt minimale iar Elveția are acorduri de liber schimb cu multe țări din lume. Elveția este membră a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Asocia%C8%9Bia_European%C4%83_de_Liber_Schimb&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Asociația Europeană de Liber Schimb — pagină inexistentă">Asociației Europene de Liber Schimb</a> (EFTA).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Educație_și_știință"><span id="Educa.C8.9Bie_.C8.99i_.C8.99tiin.C8.9B.C4.83"></span>Educație și știință</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Educație și știință" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Swiss_scientists.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Swiss_scientists.jpg/170px-Swiss_scientists.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 227px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Swiss_scientists.jpg/170px-Swiss_scientists.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="227" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Swiss_scientists.jpg/255px-Swiss_scientists.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Swiss_scientists.jpg/340px-Swiss_scientists.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Unii dintre oamenii de știință elvețieni care au jucat un rol esențial în domeniile lor de activitate (în sens orar):<br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Leonhard_Euler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leonhard Euler">Leonhard Euler</a> (matematică)<br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_Agassiz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis Agassiz">Louis Agassiz</a> (glaciologie)<br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Auguste_Piccard&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Auguste Piccard — pagină inexistentă">Auguste Piccard</a> (aeronautică)<br><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Einstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a> (fizică) </figcaption> </figure> <p>Educația în Elveția este foarte diversă deoarece <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Constitu%C8%9Bia_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Constituția Elveției — pagină inexistentă">constituția Elveției</a> deleagă cantoanelor autoritatea asupra sistemului școlar.<sup id="cite_ref-Education_104-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Education-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Există școli publice și școli private, dintre care multe școli private internaționale. Vârsta minimă pentru școala primară este de șase ani pentru toate cantoanele, dar majoritatea cantoanelor oferă gratuit „școala copiilor”, începând cu vârsta de patru sau cinci ani.<sup id="cite_ref-Education_104-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Education-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Școala primară continuă până la clasa a patra, a cincea sau a șasea, în funcție de școală. Prin tradiție, prima limbă străină studiată în școală este întotdeauna una dintre celelalte limbi naționale, deși recent (din 2000), engleza a fost introdusă pentru prima oară ca primă limbă străină în câteva cantoane.<sup id="cite_ref-Education_104-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Education-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La sfârșitul ciclului primar (sau la începutul celui secundar), elevii sunt clasificați după capacitățile lor în mai multe (de cele mai multe ori, trei) categorii. Cei care învață repede primesc cursuri avansate și sunt pregătiți pentru continuarea studiilor și pentru <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Matura&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Matura — pagină inexistentă">matura</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Education_104-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Education-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> în vreme ce studenții care asimilează cunoștințele puțin mai încet primesc o educație adaptată necesităților lor.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:ETHZ.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/ETHZ.JPG/220px-ETHZ.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1085" data-file-height="713"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 145px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/ETHZ.JPG/220px-ETHZ.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="145" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/ETHZ.JPG/330px-ETHZ.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/ETHZ.JPG/440px-ETHZ.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Campusul universității <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ETH_Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ETH Zürich">ETH Zürich</a>. Instituția este frecvent clasată pe primul loc în rândul universităților din Europa continentală.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Există în Elveția 12 universități, dintre care zece sunt întreținute la nivel cantonal și de regulă oferă o gamă largă de pregătiri în domenii non-tehnice. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitatea_din_Basel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitatea din Basel">Prima universitate din Elveția</a> a fost înființată în 1460 la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basel">Basel</a> (cu o facultate de medicină) și are o tradiție de cercetare în domeniul chimiei și medicinei. Cea mai mare universitate din Elveția este <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitatea_din_Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitatea din Zürich">Universitatea din Zürich</a> cu aproape 25.000 de studenți. Cele două instituții sponsorizate de guvernul federal sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=ETHZ&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="ETHZ — pagină inexistentă">ETHZ</a> din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> (înființată în 1855) și EPFL din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lausanne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a> (înființată în 1969, anterior fiind un institut asociat Universității din Lausanne) ambele cu o reputație internațională excelentă.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Există, în plus, mai multe universități de științe aplicate. În domeniul afacerilor și economiei, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Universitatea_din_St._Gallen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Universitatea din St. Gallen — pagină inexistentă">Universitatea din St. Gallen</a>, (HSG) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Institutul_Interna%C8%9Bional_de_Dezvoltare_a_Managementului&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Institutul Internațional de Dezvoltare a Managementului — pagină inexistentă">Institutul Internațional de Dezvoltare a Managementului</a> (IMD) sunt liderii naționali, școli bine văzute în toată lumea. Elveția este pe locul doi în lume după proporția studenților străini în instituțiile de învățământ superior, după Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Cum Elveția este o țară în care își au sediul numeroase organizații internaționale, este cazul și în domeniul universitar, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Institutul_Universitar_de_Studii_Interna%C8%9Bionale_%C8%99i_de_Dezvoltare&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Institutul Universitar de Studii Internaționale și de Dezvoltare — pagină inexistentă">Institutul Universitar de Studii Internaționale și de Dezvoltare</a> își are sediul la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, și nu este doar cea mai veche școală de studii de dezvoltare internațională din lume, ci și una dintre cele mai prestigioase.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Numeroși laureați ai <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premiul_Nobel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Premiul Nobel">Premiilor Nobel</a> sunt elvețieni, cum ar fi celebrul fizician <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Einstein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> care a dezvoltat <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teoria_relativit%C4%83%C8%9Bii_restr%C3%A2nse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teoria relativității restrânse">teoria relativității restrânse</a> pe când lucra la Berna. Mai recent, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladimir_Prelog?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vladimir Prelog">Vladimir Prelog</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Heinrich Rohrer</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richard_R._Ernst?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richard R. Ernst">Richard Ernst</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edmond_H._Fischer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edmond H. Fischer">Edmond Fischer</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Zinkernagel&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Rolf Zinkernagel — pagină inexistentă">Rolf Zinkernagel</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kurt_W%C3%BCthrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kurt Wüthrich">Kurt Wüthrich</a> au primit premii Nobel în domenii științifice. În total, 113 laureați ai Nobelului din domeniile științifice au fost elvețieni, au trăit în Elveția sau sunt originari din această țară.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> iar premiul Nobel pentru pace a fost decernat de nouă ori unor organizații cu sediul în Elveția.<sup id="cite_ref-urlMueller_Science_-_Spezialitaeten:_Schweizer_Nobelpreisträger_114-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-urlMueller_Science_-_Spezialitaeten:_Schweizer_Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:LHC,_CERN.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/LHC%2C_CERN.jpg/220px-LHC%2C_CERN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/LHC%2C_CERN.jpg/220px-LHC%2C_CERN.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/LHC%2C_CERN.jpg/330px-LHC%2C_CERN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/LHC%2C_CERN.jpg/440px-LHC%2C_CERN.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Tunelul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/LHC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="LHC">LHC</a>. CERN este cel mai mare laborator din lume, dar și locul unde s-a născut <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Wide_Web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Geneva și departamentul francez <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ain">Ain</a>, aflat în vecinătate, sunt locul unde funcționează cel mai mare laborator din lume, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CERN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="CERN">CERN</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dedicat cercetării în domeniul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fizica_particulelor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fizica particulelor">fizicii particulelor</a>. Un alt important centru de cercetări este <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Institutul_Paul_Scherrer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Institutul Paul Scherrer — pagină inexistentă">Institutul Paul Scherrer</a>. Printre invențiile notabile ale elvețienilor se numără <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Acid_lisergic_dietilamid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Acid lisergic dietilamid">acidul lisergic dietilamid</a> (LSD), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Microscop_cu_tunelare&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Microscop cu tunelare — pagină inexistentă">microscopul cu tunelare</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Velcro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Velcro">velcroul</a>. Unele tehnologii au permis explorarea unor noi lumi, cum ar fi balonul presurizat al lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Auguste_Piccard&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Auguste Piccard — pagină inexistentă">Auguste Piccard</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Batiscaf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Batiscaf">batiscaful</a>, cu care <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Piccard&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jacques Piccard — pagină inexistentă">Jacques Piccard</a> a ajuns la cel mai adânc punct din oceanele lumii.</p> <p>Agenția spațială elvețiană, denumită „<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Biroul_Elve%C8%9Bian_pentru_Spa%C8%9Biu&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Biroul Elvețian pentru Spațiu — pagină inexistentă">Biroul Elvețian pentru Spațiu</a>”, s-a implicat în diverse programe și tehnologii spațiale. În plus, a fost unul dintre cele 10 instituții fondatoare ale <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/European_Space_Agency?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="European Space Agency">Agenției Spațiale Europene</a> în 1975 și este al șaptelea cel mai mare contribuitor la bugetul ESA. În sectorul privat, mai multe companii sunt implicate în industria spațială, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Oerlikon_Space&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Oerlikon Space — pagină inexistentă">Oerlikon Space</a><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sau Maxon Motors<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> care furnizează structuri pentru navele spațiale.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Elveția_și_Uniunea_Europeană"><span id="Elve.C8.9Bia_.C8.99i_Uniunea_European.C4.83"></span>Elveția și Uniunea Europeană</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Elveția și Uniunea Europeană" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Elveția a votat împotriva aderării la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zona_Economic%C4%83_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Zona Economică Europeană">Zona Economică Europeană</a> într-un referendum din decembrie 1992 și de atunci a întreținut și și-a dezvoltat relațiile cu Uniunea Europeană (UE) și cu țările europene în principal prin acorduri bilaterale. În martie 2001, elvețienii au refuzat din nou prin vot popular începerea negocierilor de aderare la UE.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mai recent, elvețienii și-au armonizat practicile economice cu cele ale UE în multe aspecte, într-o tentativă de a-și ameliora competitivitatea pe plan internațional. Economia a crescut cel mai recent cu circa 3% pe an. Aderarea la UE este un obiectiv pe termen lung al unei părți din guvernul Elveției, dar există un sentiment popular considerabil de opoziție față de acest proces, sentiment susținut mai ales de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Partidul_Popular_Elve%C8%9Bian&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Partidul Popular Elvețian — pagină inexistentă">Partidul Popular (SVP)</a>. Zonele vestice, francofone, precum și regiunile urbane din restul țării, tind să fie mai pro-UE, nereprezentând însă o proporție semnificativă a populației.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Guvernul a înființat un Birou de Integrare în cadrul Departamentului Federal de Afaceri Externe și al Departamentului Federal de Afaceri Economice. Pentru a minimiza consecințele negative ce derivă din izolarea Elveției față de restul Europei, Berna și Bruxelles-ul au semnat în 1999 șapte acorduri bilaterale pentru a liberaliza comerțul transfrontalier, și acestea au intrat în vigoare începând cu 2001. Această primă serie de acorduri bilaterale cuprindea și libera circulație a cetățenilor. O a doua serie, ce acoperă nouă aspecte, a fost semnată în 2004 și ratificată ulterior. Aceasta cuprinde <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tratatul_de_la_Schengen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tratatul de la Schengen — pagină inexistentă">Tratatul de la Schengen</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Conven%C8%9Bia_de_la_Dublin&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Convenția de la Dublin — pagină inexistentă">Convenția de la Dublin</a>. Cele două părți continuă să discute alte zone de cooperare.</p> <p>În 2006, Elveția a aprobat investiții de 1000 de milioane de franci în țările mai sărace ale UE din sudul și centrul Europei, susținându-și astfel cooperarea și legăturile cu UE în ansamblul ei. Asupra Elveției s-au pus adesea presiuni, atât din partea UE, cât și din alte surse internaționale, pentru a reduce nivelul de protecție a secretului bancar și de a ridica taxele pentru a ajunge la paritate cu UE. S-a discutat preliminar în patru noi arii: liberalizarea pieței energiei electrice, participarea la proiectul european GNSS <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Galileo_positioning_system&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Galileo positioning system — pagină inexistentă">Galileo</a>, cooperarea cu centrul european pentru prevenția bolilor și recunoașterea certificatelor de origine pentru produsele alimentare.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La 27 noiembrie 2008, miniștrii de interne și ai justiției din Uniunea Europeană au anunțat aderarea Elveției la zona de liberă circulație Schengen începând cu 12 decembrie 2008. Punctele de trecere a frontierei terestre rămân în funcțiune doar pentru transporturile de mărfuri, persoanele nemaifiind controlate, deși pașapoartele au continuat să fie verificate până la 29 martie 2009, pentru a verifica dacă provin dintr-o altă țară Schengen.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Energie,_infrastructură_și_mediu"><span id="Energie.2C_infrastructur.C4.83_.C8.99i_mediu"></span>Energie, infrastructură și mediu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Energie, infrastructură și mediu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG/220px-Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3312" data-file-height="2368"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 157px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG/220px-Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="157" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG/330px-Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG/440px-Akw_goesgenmai2010.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Centrala_termonuclear%C4%83_G%C3%B6sgen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Centrala termonucleară Gösgen — pagină inexistentă">Centrala termonucleară Gösgen</a> este una dintre cele patru centrale nucleare din Elveția. </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Energie_electric%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Energie electrică">Energia electrică</a> generată în Elveția provine în proporție de 56% din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hidrocentral%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hidrocentrală">hidrocentrală</a> și de 39% din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Central%C4%83_nuclear%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Centrală nucleară">centralele nucleare</a>, ceea ce are ca efect faptul că rețeaua electrică nu generează aproape deloc CO<sub>2</sub>. La 18 mai 2003, două inițiative antinucleare au fost respinse prin referendum: <i>Moratorium Plus</i>, cu scopul de a interzice construirea de noi centrale nucleare (41,6% pentru și 58,4% împotrivă),<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și Electricitate Fără Energie Nucleară (33,7% pentru și 66,3% contra).<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Fostul moratoriu de zece ani pe construcția de noi centrale nucleare a rezultat în urma unei inițiative cetățenești adoptată în 1990, cu 54,5% voturi pentru și 45,5% împotrivă. O nouă centrală nucleară urmează să se construiască în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Berna">cantonul Berna</a>. Biroul Federal Elvețian pentru Energie (SFOE) este organizația responsabilă pentru toate chestiunile legate de echilibrarea consumului și producției de energie, activând în cadrul Departamentului Federal pentru Mediu, Transport, Energie și Comunicații (DETEC). Agenția susține inițiativa <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Societatea_de_2000_de_wa%C8%9Bi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Societatea de 2000 de wați — pagină inexistentă">Societatea de 2000 de wați</a>, al cărui scop este reducerea consumului național de energie la mai puțin de jumătate până în anul 2050.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La 25 mai 2011, guvernul elvețian a anunțat că intenționează să înceteze a mai folosi energia nucleară în următoarele 2 sau 3 decenii. „Guvernul a votat pentru eliminarea treptată, deoarece dorim să asigurăm o producție de energie sigură și autonomă”, a declarat ministrul energiei Doris Leuthard în acea zi într-o conferință de presă de la Berna. Decizia a fost fundamentată pe consecințele accidentului nuclear de la Fukushima, care a arătat că există riscuri comportate de energia nucleară, ceea ce și crește costurile acestui tip de energie. Intențiile erau ca primul reactor să fie scos din funcțiune în 2019 și ultimul în 2034.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parlamentul a discutat planul în iunie 2011, și a hotărât să nu mai înnoiască reactoarele deja existente,<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dar decizia finală va fi luată prin referendum.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg/220px-L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3488" data-file-height="2616"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg/220px-L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg/330px-L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg/440px-L%C3%B6tschberg_Tunnel.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Intrarea în noul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tunelul_de_baz%C4%83_L%C3%B6tschberg&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tunelul de bază Lötschberg — pagină inexistentă">tunel de bază Lötschberg</a>, al treilea tunel feroviar din lume ca lungime, aflat sub vechea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Calea_ferat%C4%83_L%C3%B6tschberg&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Calea ferată Lötschberg — pagină inexistentă">cale ferată Lötschberg</a>. Este primul tunel terminat din cadrul proiectului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=AlpTransit&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="AlpTransit — pagină inexistentă">AlpTransit</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Cea mai densă rețea feroviară din Europa,<sup id="cite_ref-FCO_45-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FCO-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> având 5.063 km, transportă peste 350 de milioane de pasageri anual.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În 2007, fiecare cetățean elvețian călătorea în medie 2.103 km cu trenul, ei fiind astfel cei mai entuziaști călători feroviari.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rețeaua este administrată în principal de către <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=C%C4%83ile_Ferate_Federale_Elve%C8%9Biene&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Căile Ferate Federale Elvețiene — pagină inexistentă">Căile Ferate Federale Elvețiene</a>, cu excepția cantonului Graubünden, în care <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=C%C4%83ile_Ferate_Re%C8%9Biene&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Căile Ferate Rețiene — pagină inexistentă">Căile Ferate Rețiene</a> operează pe o rețea de 366 km de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ecartament_%C3%AEngust?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ecartament îngust">cale ferată cu ecartament îngust</a>, care cuprinde mai multe linii incluse în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patrimoniul_Mondial_UNESCO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrimoniul Mondial UNESCO">Patrimoniul Mondial</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Se efectuează lucrări de construcție a noilor <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tunel_de_baz%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tunel de bază">tuneluri de bază</a> în Alpi pentru a reduce durata călătoriei între nord și sud, în cadrul proiectului <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=AlpTransit&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="AlpTransit — pagină inexistentă">AlpTransit</a>.</p> <p>Rețeaua elvețiană de drumuri, gestionată în sistem public-privat, este finanțată prin taxe de drum și pe autovehicule. Sistemul elvețian de autostrăzi impune achiziționarea unei vignete—care costă 40 de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franc_elve%C8%9Bian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franc elvețian">franci</a> pentru un an—atât pentru autoturisme, cât și pentru autovehiculele destinate transportului de marfă. Rețeaua elvețiană de autostrăzi avea în 2000 o lungime totală de 1.638 km, la o suprafață a țării de 41.290 km², având astfel una dintre cele mai mari densități de autostrăzi din lume. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aeroportul_Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aeroportul Zürich">Aeroportul Zürich</a> este cel mai mare nod de transport internațional al țării, cu 22,8 milioane de pasageri în 2010. Alte aeroporturi internaționale sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Aeroportul_Geneva&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Aeroportul Geneva — pagină inexistentă">Aeroportul Geneva</a> (11,8 milioane de pasageri), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=EuroAirport_Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg — pagină inexistentă">EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg</a> aflat în Franța, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Aeroportul_Berna&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Aeroportul Berna — pagină inexistentă">Aeroportul Berna</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aeroportul_Lugano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aeroportul Lugano">Aeroportul Lugano</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aeroportul_St._Gallen-Altenrhein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aeroportul St. Gallen-Altenrhein">Aeroportul St. Gallen-Altenrhein</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aeroportul_Sion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aeroportul Sion">Aeroportul Sion</a>.</p> <p>Elveția are unul dintre cele mai bune istorice ecologice din lumea dezvoltată;<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a fost una dintre țările semnatare ale <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protocolul_de_la_Kyoto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protocolul de la Kyoto">Protocolului de la Kyoto</a> din 1998, și l-a ratificat în 2003. Împreună cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mexic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mexic">Mexicul</a> și cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coreea_de_Sud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coreea de Sud">Coreea de Sud</a> formează Grupul de Integritate Ecologică (EIG).<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Țara este deosebit de activă în domeniul reciclării și reglementărilor împotriva poluării cu deșeuri, fiind una dintre principalele țări reciclatoare din lume, cu o proporție aflată între 66% și 96% (în funcție de zona țării) a materialelor reciclabile care sunt reciclate.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În multe locuri din Elveția, evacuarea deșeurilor casnice se plătește. Gunoiul (cu excepția deșeurilor periculoase, cum ar fi bateriile etc.) se colectează doar dacă este pus în saci cu eticheta taxei ecologice, sau în saci oficiali cu suprataxa plătită la achiziționare.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aceasta dă un impuls financiar reciclării la maximum, întrucât depunerea deșeurilor pentru reciclare este gratuită.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aruncarea ilegală de deșeuri nu se tolerează, dar de regulă aplicarea legii se limitează la încălcările ei ce implică mari cantități de deșeuri la intersecții de drumuri sau în locuri publice. Amenzile pentru plata taxei de deșeuri se înscriu între 200–500 de franci.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Elveția are cel mai eficient sistem din lume pentru reciclarea ziarelor vechi și a deșeurilor din carton. Colecte publice organizate de voluntari cu logistică de transport feroviar cu costuri reduse au început să se organizeze încă din 1865 sub conducerea cunoscutului industriaș Hans Caspar Escher (Escher Wyss AG), care a construit prima fabrică modernă de hârtie din Elveția la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Biberist&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Biberist — pagină inexistentă">Biberist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Sectorul_bancar">Sectorul bancar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Sectorul bancar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Spălarea de bani a fost introdusă ca infracțiune de drept penal în Elveția abia în 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-SEBAadev2014-11-23_140-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-SEBAadev2014-11-23-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Înainte de acest an, legile privind discreția băncilor elvețiene erau de nepătruns chiar și pentru autoritățile străine care îi urmăreau pe membrii Mafiei.<sup id="cite_ref-SEBAadev2014-11-23_140-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-SEBAadev2014-11-23-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Între timp, Guvernul elvețian a mărit transparența.<sup id="cite_ref-SEBAadev2014-11-23_140-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-SEBAadev2014-11-23-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>În anul 2011, autoritățile elvețiene au declarat că restituirea fondurilor ilicite ascunse în Elveția de „cleptocrați” va constitui o prioritate pentru autoritățile elvețiene.<sup id="cite_ref-PATATadev2014-11-23_141-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-PATATadev2014-11-23-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Președintele Confederației Elvețiene de la acel moment, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Micheline_Calmy-Rey&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Micheline Calmy-Rey — pagină inexistentă">Micheline Calmy-Rey</a>, considera că imaginea țării sale a fost pătată după ce a primit, fără a pune niciun fel de întrebări, bani provenind de la dictatori precum <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> al Filipinelor, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mobutu_Sese_Seko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mobutu Sese Seko">Mobutu Sese Seko</a> al Zairului, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sani_Abaca&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sani Abaca — pagină inexistentă">Sani Abaca</a> al Nigeriei sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jean-Claude_Duvalier&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jean-Claude Duvalier — pagină inexistentă">Jean-Claude Duvalier</a> din Haiti.<sup id="cite_ref-PATATadev2014-11-23_141-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-PATATadev2014-11-23-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Demografie">Demografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Demografie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso"> Articole principale: <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demografia_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demografia Elveției">Demografia Elveției</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limbile_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limbile Elveției">Limbile Elveției</a>. </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16505893"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg/250px-Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="151" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="905" data-file-height="546"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 151px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg/250px-Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg.png" data-width="250" data-height="151" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg/375px-Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg/500px-Sprachen_CH_2000_EN.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Limbile oficiale din Elveția:<sup id="cite_ref-federalstatistics_142-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-federalstatistics-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p style="border:none;text-align:left;font-size:95%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background:#fe9625;font-size:85%!important;vertical-align:middle;"> </span> Germană (63,7%; 72,5%)</p> <p style="border:none;text-align:left;font-size:95%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background:#52b041;font-size:85%!important;vertical-align:middle;"> </span> Franceză (20,4%; 21,0%)</p> <p style="border:none;text-align:left;font-size:95%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background:#6a51a3;font-size:85%!important;vertical-align:middle;"> </span> Italiană (6,5%; 4,3%)</p> <p style="border:none;text-align:left;font-size:95%!important;margin:0px!important"><span style="border:solid 1px silver; background:#91238d;font-size:85%!important;vertical-align:middle;"> </span> Retoromană (0,5%; 0,6%)</p> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Elveția se află la răscrucea mai multor mari culturi europene care au influențat puternic limbile și cultura sa. Elveția are patru <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limb%C4%83_oficial%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limbă oficială">limbi oficiale</a>: germana (63,7% din totalul populației, cu rezidenții străini; 72,5% din rezidenții cetățeni elvețieni, în 2000) în nordul, estul și centrul țării; franceza (20,4%; 21,0%) în vest; italiana (6,5%; 4,3%) în sud.<sup id="cite_ref-federalstatistics_142-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-federalstatistics-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_retoroman%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba retoromană">Retoromana</a> (0,5%; 0,6%), o <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limbi_romanice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limbi romanice">limbă romanică</a> vorbită local în cantonul trilingv <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Graub%C3%BCnden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Graubünden">Graubünden</a> din sud-est, este și ea desemnată prin articolul 4 al Constituției Federale ca limbă națională, alături de franceză, germană și italiană, și ca limbă oficială atunci când autoritățile comunică cu persoane de limbă retoromană (articolul 70), dar legile federale și alte legi nu sunt în mod obligatoriu redactate și în această limbă. Guvernul federal se obligă să comunice în limbile oficiale, iar în parlamentul federal, discursurile se traduc în și din germană, franceză și italiană.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Germana vorbită în Elveția este predominant un grup de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dialectele_alemanice&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dialectele alemanice — pagină inexistentă">dialecte alemanice</a> denumite colectiv „germana elvețiană”, dar comunicația scrisă folosește de regulă germana elvețiană standard, în vreme ce majoritatea programelor radio și TV sunt și ele în germana elvețiană. Se vorbesc și unele dialecte de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_provensal%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Limba provensală">provensală</a> în comunități rurale din zona francofonă, cunoscută ca „Suisse romande”, dialecte denumite Vaudois, Gruérien, Jurassien, Empro, Fribourgeois, Neuchâtelois și, în zona italofonă, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ticinese&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ticinese — pagină inexistentă">Ticinese</a> (dialect al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limba_lombard%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limba lombardă">lombardei</a>). Chiar și limbile oficiale (germana, franceza și italiana) împrumută unii termeni care nu au sens în afara Elveției, împrumutați din alte limbi (cum ar fi cuvântul german <i>Billette</i><sup id="cite_ref-billete_144-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-billete-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> luat din franceză), după termenul cu același sens (ca termenul <i>azione</i> utilizat în italiană nu ca „acțiune”, ci ca „reducere” după termenul german <i>Aktion</i>). Învățarea uneia dintre celelalte limbi naționale în școală este obligatorie pentru toți elvețienii, astfel majoritatea elvețienilor sunt cel puțini bilingvi, mai ales cei ce aparțin minorităților.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Străinii rezidenți și persoanele aflate temporar la muncă alcătuiesc circa 22% din populație.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Majoritatea acestora (60%) provin din țările Uniunii Europene sau ale <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=European_Free_Trade_Association&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="European Free Trade Association — pagină inexistentă">EFTA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bfs.admin.ch_147-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-bfs.admin.ch-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italieni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italieni">Italienii</a> sunt cel mai mare grup de străini, alcătuind 17,3% din totalul acestora. Ei sunt urmați de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germani?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Germani">germani</a> (13,2%), imigranți din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Serbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muntenegru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muntenegru">Muntenegru</a> (11,5%), și din Portugalia (11,3%).<sup id="cite_ref-bfs.admin.ch_147-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-bfs.admin.ch-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Imigranții din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sri_Lanka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, majoritatea foști refugiați <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tamil&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tamil — pagină inexistentă">Tamil</a>, sunt cel mai mare grup etnic de origine asiatică.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În anii 2000, instituțiile interne și internaționale și-au exprimat îngrijorarea privind ceea ce ele consideră a fi o creștere a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xenofobie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Xenofobie">xenofobiei</a>, în special în unele campanii politice. Marea proporție de cetățeni străini de pe teritoriul țării, precum și integrarea străinilor, realizată în general fără mari probleme, subliniază deschiderea societății Elvețiene spre diversitate.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>La 31 decembrie 2021, populația rezidentă a Elveției era estimată la 8.738,8 mii locuitori, din care 6.494,6 mii erau de naționalitate elvețiană, iar 2.244,2 mii locuitori erau cetățeni străini. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/en/home/statistics/population/effectif-change.assetdetail.23329031.html">[1]</a></p> <p>Cea mai mare parte a lor erau cetățeni ai unor state U.E. (1.436,9 mii locuitori), din care:</p> <p>- Italia: 328,3</p> <p>- Germania: 311,3</p> <p>- Portugalia: 255,2</p> <p>- Franța: 151,0</p> <p>- Spania: 88,4</p> <p>- Austria: 44,9</p> <p>- Polonia: 38,5</p> <p>- Croația: 27,8</p> <p>- România: 26,5</p> <p>- Ungaria: 26,3</p> <p>- Țările de Jos: 21,7</p> <p>- Slovacia: 19,6</p> <p>- Grecia: 17,7</p> <p>- Bulgaria: 14,7</p> <p>- Belgia: 14,5</p> <p>Cetățeni ai altor state europene erau 420,5 mii locuitori , din care kosovari 114,8 mii, turci 68,8 mii, nord-macedoneni 68,6 mii, sârbi 60,2 mii, britanici 41,8 mii, bosniaci 28,2 mii și ruși 16,7 mii.</p> <p>Cetățenii statelor din Africa erau 116,2 mii persoane (din care eritreeni 42,2 mii), din America Latină și Caraibe 59,1 mii (din care brazilieni 23 mii), din America de Nord 26,6 mii (din care americani 19,8 mii), din Asia 180,8 mii (srilankezi 28,7 mii, sirieni 24,6 mii, chinezi 20,7 mii, afgani 20,7 mii, indieni 16,8 mii).</p> <p>Dintre cetățenii elvețieni, 974 mii erau elvețieni naturalizați (636 mii imigranți, 318 mii a doua generație de descendenți de imigranți și 20 mii a treia generație de descendenți de imigranți).<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/population/migration-integration/selon-statut-migratoire.html">[2]</a></p> <p><br></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Sănătatea"><span id="S.C4.83n.C4.83tatea"></span>Sănătatea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Sănătatea" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Elvețienii sunt obligați să achiziționeze asigurare de sănătate de la companiile private de asigurări, acestea fiind și ele obligate să accepte orice cerere de asigurare. Deși costul de ansamblu al sistemului sanitar este unul dintre cele mai mari din lume, comparația cu cele din alte țări europene îi este favorabilă în termeni de calitate a îngrijirii și pacienții sunt mulțumiți de el. În 2006, speranța de viață la naștere era de 79 de ani pentru bărbați și 84 de ani pentru femei.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO_150-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WHO-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aceste cifre sunt printre cele mai mari din lume.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cheltuielile cu sănătatea sunt deosebit de ridicate, reprezentând 11,5% din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produsul_Intern_Brut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Produsul Intern Brut">PIB</a> (2003) și, din 1990, cresc constant, reflectând creșterile prețurilor serviciilor furnizate.<sup id="cite_ref-OECD_153-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-OECD-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cum populația îmbătrânește și apar noi tehnologii medicale, creșterea costurilor sistemului sanitar se menține.<sup id="cite_ref-OECD_153-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-OECD-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Urbanizarea">Urbanizarea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Urbanizarea" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg/220px-Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg/220px-Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg/330px-Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg/440px-Sion_de_la_Bisse_de_Clavau.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Urbanizarea în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A2ul_Ron?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Râul Ron">valea Ronului</a> (lângă <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sion,_Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sion, Elveția">Sion</a>) </figcaption> </figure> <p>Între două treimi și trei sferturi din populație locuiește în zone urbane.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cities_155-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cities-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elveția a trecut de la a fi o țară predominant rurală la una urbană în doar 70 de ani. Începând cu 1935, dezvoltarea urbană a cuprins o proporție la fel de mare din peisajul elvețian cât a cuprins în precedenții 2.000 de ani. Această explozie urbană nu afectează doar zona podișului, ci și văile montane din Jura și din Alpi<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și au apărut îngrijorări privind utilizarea pământului.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De la începutul secolului al XXI-lea, creșterea demografică în zonele urbane este mai mare decât cea din zonele rurale.<sup id="cite_ref-Cities_155-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cities-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Elveția are o rețea densă de orașe, în care orașele mari, medii și mici se completează unele pe altele.<sup id="cite_ref-Cities_155-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cities-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Podi%C8%99ul_Elve%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Podișul Elveției — pagină inexistentă">Podișul</a> este foarte dens populat, cu circa 450 de locuitori pe km<sup>2</sup> iar peisajul prezintă permanent semne ale prezenței umane.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ponderea celor mai mari zone metropolitane, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>–<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lausanne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basel">Basel</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berna">Berna</a>, tinde să crească.<sup id="cite_ref-Cities_155-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cities-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În comparație la nivel internațional, importanța acestor zone urbane este mai mare decât sugerează numărul lor de locuitori.<sup id="cite_ref-Cities_155-4" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Cities-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cele două centre principale, Zürich și Geneva, sunt recunoscute pentru gradul deosebit de ridicat al calității vieții.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Religia">Religia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Religia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="barbox tleft" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody> <tr style="background:none"> <th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religia în Elveția - recensământul din 2010<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> </tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">religie</td> <td style="padding:0 4px; text-align:right;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">procent</td> <td style="padding:0 4px; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biserica_Romano-Catolic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biserica Romano-Catolică">Romano-catolici</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"> <div style="background:DarkOrchid; width:38.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">38.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protestantism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protestantism">Protestanți</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"> <div style="background:DodgerBlue; width:30.9%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">30.9%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=F%C4%83r%C4%83_religie&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fără religie — pagină inexistentă">Fără religie</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"> <div style="background:SlateGray; width:20.1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">20.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Islam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Islam">Islam</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"> <div style="background:LimeGreen; width:4.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">4.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Altele</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"> <div style="background:Black; width:5.7%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">5.7%</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <p>Elveția nu are o religie oficială de stat, deși majoritatea cantoanelor (cu excepția <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Geneva">Genevei</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Neuch%C3%A2tel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Neuchâtel">Neuchâtelului</a>) recunosc biserici oficiale, care sunt fie <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biserica_Romano-Catolic%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biserica Romano-Catolică">Biserica Romano-Catolică</a>, fie <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Biserica_Reformat%C4%83_Elve%C8%9Bian%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Biserica Reformată Elvețiană — pagină inexistentă">Biserica Reformată Elvețiană</a> (protestantă). Aceste biserici, și în unele cantoane și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vechea_Biseric%C4%83_Catolic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Vechea Biserică Catolică — pagină inexistentă">Vechea Biserică Catolică</a> și congregațiile <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iudaism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iudaism">iudaice</a>, sunt finanțate prin impozitarea oficială a credincioșilor lor.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg/220px-Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2616" data-file-height="1962"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg/220px-Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg/330px-Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg/440px-Glarus_Stadtkirche_Langhaus.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Biserica reformată din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Glarus&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Glarus — pagină inexistentă">Glarus</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>La recensământul din 2010, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cre%C8%99tinism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Creștinism">creștinismul</a> este religia predominantă a Elveției, împărțită între Biserica Catolică (38,8% din populație) și diferite culte protestante (30,9%). <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a> a trecut la protestantism în 1536, cu puțin timp înainte de sosirea lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Calvin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Calvin">Jean Calvin</a> acolo. Imigrația a făcut din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musulmani?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Musulmani">musulmani</a> (4,5%) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cre%C8%99tinism_ortodox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Creștinism ortodox">creștinii ortodocși</a> (circa 2%) minorități semnificative.<sup id="cite_ref-people_162-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-people-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La recensământul din 2000, între alte comunități creștine se numără neo-<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pietism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pietism">pietismul</a> (0,44%), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penticostalism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penticostalism">penticostalismul</a> (0,28%, în mare parte inclus în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Schweizer_Pfingstmission&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Schweizer Pfingstmission — pagină inexistentă">Schweizer Pfingstmission</a>), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metodism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metodism">metodismul</a> (0,13%), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Noua_Biseric%C4%83_Apostolic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Noua Biserică Apostolică — pagină inexistentă">Noua Biserică Apostolică</a> (0,45%), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Martorii_lui_Iehova?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Martorii lui Iehova">Martorii lui Iehova</a> (0,28%), alte culte <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protestant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">protestante</a> (0,20%), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vechea_Biseric%C4%83_Catolic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Vechea Biserică Catolică — pagină inexistentă">Vechea Biserică Catolică</a> (0,18%), alte culte creștine (0,20%). Grupările necreștine minore sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hinduism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hinduism">hinduismul</a> (0,38%), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Budism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Budism">budismul</a> (0,29%), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iudaism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iudaism">iudaismul</a> (0,25%) și „alte religii” (0,11%). 4,3% nu au declarat o religie.<sup id="cite_ref-FSO_163-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FSO-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eurobarometrul din 2005<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a constatat că 48% din populație cred în zeități de orice fel, 39% cred într-un spirit sau forță vitală, 9% sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ateism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ateism">atei</a> și 4% <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agnosticism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agnosticism">agnostici</a>. Greeley (2003) a constatat că 27% din populație nu crede într-un Dumnezeu.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Țara a fost de-a lungul istoriei echilibrat împărțită între catolici și protestanți, cu o complexă distribuție de majorități în toată țara. Un singur canton, Appenzell, a fost oficial împărțit între secțiunile sale catolică și protestantă în 1597.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Orașele mai mari (Berna, Geneva, Zürich și Basel) sunt predominant protestante. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia_Central%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Elveția Centrală — pagină inexistentă">Elveția Centrală</a>, ca și Ticino, sunt zone tradițional catolice. Constituția elvețiană din 1848, aflată sub recenta impresie a ciocnirilor între cantoanele catolice și cele protestante, ciocniri ce au culminat cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sonderbundskrieg&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sonderbundskrieg — pagină inexistentă">Sonderbundskrieg</a>, definește un <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Consocia%C8%9Bionalism&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Consociaționalism — pagină inexistentă">stat consociaționalist</a>, permițând coexistența pașnică a catolicilor și protestanților. O inițiativă din 1980 a cerut totala <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Separarea_%C3%AEntre_biseric%C4%83_%C8%99i_stat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Separarea între biserică și stat">separare între biserică și stat</a>, dar a fost respinsă de 78,9% din alegători.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Cultura">Cultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Cultura" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Vals06.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vals06.JPG/220px-Vals06.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vals06.JPG/220px-Vals06.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vals06.JPG/330px-Vals06.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Vals06.JPG/440px-Vals06.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Concert de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cornul_Alpilor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cornul Alpilor"><i>alphorn</i></a> la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vals,_Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Vals, Elveția — pagină inexistentă">Vals</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Trei dintre marile limbi ale Europei sunt oficiale în Elveția. Cultura elvețiană se caracterizează prin diversitate, ceea ce se reflectă într-o largă gamă de obiceiuri tradiționale.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fiecare regiune poate fi, în unele feluri, mai strâns legată de țara vecină de aceeași limbă decât de celelalte regiuni elvețiene, țara în ansamblul ei având rădăcini culturale în strânsă legătură cu cultura europeană.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cultura comunităților retoromane, izolate lingvistic în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Graub%C3%BCnden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Graubünden">Graubünden</a>, în estul Elveției, constituie o excepție, ea supraviețuind doar în văile înalte ale Rinului și ale Innului, conservând o rară tradiție lingvistică.</p> <p>Din Elveția provin numeroși oameni cu contribuții valoroase în domeniile literaturii, artei, muzicii și științei. Aici au venit și străini, mai ales în perioade de război și frământări din celelalte țări europene.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Circa 1000 de muzee sunt răspândite prin toată țara; numărul s-a triplat față de cel din 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Printre cele mai importante evenimente culturale anuale se numără <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Festivalul_de_la_Lucerna&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Festivalul de la Lucerna — pagină inexistentă">Festivalul de la Lucerna</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Festivalul_de_Jazz_de_la_Montreux&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Festivalul de Jazz de la Montreux — pagină inexistentă">Festivalul de Jazz de la Montreux</a><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Festivalul_Interna%C8%9Bional_de_Film_de_la_Locarno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Festivalul Internațional de Film de la Locarno">Festivalul Internațional de Film de la Locarno</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Simbolistica alpină a jucat un rol esențial în formarea istoriei țării și a identității naționale elvețiene.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Astăzi, unele zone montane concentrate au o pronunțată cultură de stațiune de schi pe timp de iarnă, și de drumeție și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mountain_biking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mountain biking">Mountain biking</a> pe timp de vară. Alte zone ale țării au o cultură recreativă favorabilă turismului, dar au și anotimpuri mai puțin aglomerate, toamna și primăvara, când vin mai puțini vizitatori. În multe zone predomină o cultură tradițională țărănească, cu ferme de animale sau de cultură a plantelor, aproape omniprezentă în afara orașelor. Arta populară este conservată de organizații din toată țara. În Elveția, ea se manifestă mai ales prin muzică, dans, poezie, sculptură în lemn și broderii. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cornul_Alpin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornul Alpin">Alphornul</a>, un instrument muzical uriaș de suflat, făcut din lemn, a devenit, împreună cu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jodler&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jodler — pagină inexistentă">jodlerele</a> și cu acordeonul, formează un epitom al muzicii populare elvețiene.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Literatura">Literatura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Literatura" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Rousseau_Geneve.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Rousseau_Geneve.JPG/170px-Rousseau_Geneve.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="207" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2005" data-file-height="2445"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 207px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Rousseau_Geneve.JPG/170px-Rousseau_Geneve.JPG" data-width="170" data-height="207" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Rousseau_Geneve.JPG/255px-Rousseau_Geneve.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Rousseau_Geneve.JPG/340px-Rousseau_Geneve.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a> a fost nu doar un scriitor, ci și un influent filosof al secolului al XVIII-lea<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (statuia sa de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>). </figcaption> </figure> <p>Întrucât, de la înființarea ei în 1291, Confederația a fost aproape exclusiv formată din regiuni germanofone, primele forme de literatură sunt în germană. În secolul al XVIII-lea, franceza a devenit limba la modă în Berna și în alte regiuni, în timp ce influența aliaților francofoni și a teritoriilor francofone a crescut față de situația anterioară.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Printre clasicii literaturii elvețiene de limbă germană se numără <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jeremias_Gotthelf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jeremias Gotthelf">Jeremias Gotthelf</a> (1797–1854) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gottfried_Keller?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gottfried Keller">Gottfried Keller</a> (1819–1890). Giganții incontestabili ai literaturii elvețiene a secolului al XX-lea sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Max_Frisch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Max Frisch">Max Frisch</a> (1911–91) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Friedrich_D%C3%BCrrenmatt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Friedrich Dürrenmatt">Friedrich Dürrenmatt</a> (1921–90), al căror repertoriu de opere cuprinde <i>Die Physiker</i> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fizicienii&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fizicienii — pagină inexistentă">Fizicienii</a>) și <i>Das Versprechen</i> (<i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Leg%C4%83m%C3%A2ntul&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Legământul — pagină inexistentă">Legământul</a></i>), ecranizat în 2001 la Hollywood.<sup id="cite_ref-Literature_181-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Literature-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Principalii scriitori elvețieni francofoni sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a> (1712–1778) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Germaine de Staël">Germaine de Staël</a> (1766–1817). Între autorii de dată mai recentă se numără <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Charles_Ferdinand_Ramuz&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Charles Ferdinand Ramuz — pagină inexistentă">Charles Ferdinand Ramuz</a> (1878–1947), ale cărui romane descriu viața țăranilor și muntenilor, într-un mediu dificil, și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Blaise_Cendrars?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Blaise Cendrars">Blaise Cendrars</a> (născut Frédéric Sauser, 1887–1961).<sup id="cite_ref-Literature_181-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Literature-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Autori care au scris în italiană și retoromană au contribuit și ei, dar într-un volum mai modest, dat fiind numărul lor mai mic.</p> <p>Poate cea mai celebră operă literară elvețiană, <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heidi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Heidi">Heidi</a></i>, povestea unei fetițe orfane venită să trăiască împreună cu bunicul ei în Alpi, este una dintre cele mai populare cărți pentru copii din istorie și a devenit un simbol al Elveției. Autoarea ei, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johanna_Spyri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johanna Spyri">Johanna Spyri</a> (1827–1901), a scris mai multe cărți pe teme similare.<sup id="cite_ref-Literature_181-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Literature-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Mass_media">Mass media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Mass media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Libertatea presei și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Libertatea_de_exprimare?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libertatea de exprimare">dreptul la libera exprimare</a> sunt garantate de constituția federală a Elveției.<sup id="cite_ref-Media_182-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Media-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Schweizerische_Depeschenagentur&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Schweizerische Depeschenagentur — pagină inexistentă">Agenția elvețiană de știri</a> difuzează informații în trei din cele patru limbi naționale—pe teme politice, economice, sociale și culturale. Ea furnizează știri de presă pentru aproape toate mass media elvețiene și pentru câteva servicii străine de știri.<sup id="cite_ref-Media_182-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Media-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Elveția se mândrește cu cel mai mare număr de titluri de ziare publicate în raport cu populația și dimensiunea sa.<sup id="cite_ref-Press_183-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Press-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cele mai influente ziare sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tages-Anzeiger&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tages-Anzeiger — pagină inexistentă">Tages-Anzeiger</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neue_Z%C3%BCrcher_Zeitung?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neue Zürcher Zeitung">Neue Zürcher Zeitung</a> NZZ (în limba germană), și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Le_Temps&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Le Temps — pagină inexistentă">Le Temps</a> (în franceză), dar aproape fiecare oraș are cel puțin un mare ziar local. Diversitatea culturală se manifestă prin gama foarte variată de publicații.<sup id="cite_ref-Press_183-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Press-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Guvernul exercită control mai strict asupra presei audio-vizuale decât asupra celei scrise, în special din cauza finanțării și licențierii.<sup id="cite_ref-Press_183-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Press-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Corporația Elvețiană de Radioteleviziune, al cărei nume a fost recent schimbat în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=SRG_SSR_id%C3%A9e_suisse&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="SRG SSR idée suisse — pagină inexistentă">SRG SSR idée suisse</a>, este însărcinată cu producerea și difuzarea programelor radio și de televiziune. Studiourile SRG SSR sunt distribuite în toate regiunile, în diversele limbi. Conținutul radio se produce în șase studiouri centrale și patru regionale, în vreme ce programele de televiziune se produc la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lugano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lugano">Lugano</a>. O rețea de televiziune prin cablu permite majorității elvețienilor acces la programele din țările vecine.<sup id="cite_ref-Press_183-3" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Press-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=29&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Sport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG/220px-Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG/220px-Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG/330px-Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG/440px-Allalinhorn_4027_2007_04_17.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Zonă de schi deasupra ghețarilor din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Saas-Fee&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Saas-Fee — pagină inexistentă">Saas-Fee</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Schi">Schiul</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Snowboarding?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Snowboarding">snowboardingul</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpinism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alpinism">alpinismul</a> sunt printre cele mai populare sporturi în Elveția, peisajul natural fiind adecvat în mod deosebit acestor activități.<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sporturile de iarnă sunt practicate atât de băștinași cât și de turiști începând cu a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea, după inventarea <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bob?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bob">bobului</a> la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St._Moritz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St. Moritz">St. Moritz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Primele campionate mondiale de schi s-au ținut la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=M%C3%BCrren&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mürren — pagină inexistentă">Mürren</a> (1931) și la St. Moritz (1934). Acest din urmă oraș a găzduit a doua ediție a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jocurile_Olimpice_de_Iarn%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jocurile Olimpice de Iarnă">Jocurilor Olimpice de Iarnă</a> în 1928 și a cincea ediție în 1948. Printre cei mai de succes schiori elvețieni, campioni mondiali, se numără <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pirmin_Zurbriggen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pirmin Zurbriggen">Pirmin Zurbriggen</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Didier_Cuche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Didier Cuche">Didier Cuche</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG/220px-Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2496" data-file-height="1664"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG/220px-Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG/330px-Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG/440px-Innenaufnahme_Vaillant_Arena_Davos.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Cupa_Spengler&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Cupa Spengler — pagină inexistentă">Cupa Spengler</a> la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Davos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Davos">Davos</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Numeroși elvețieni sunt iubitori ai <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fotbal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fotbal">fotbalului</a>, și echipa națională, poreclită „<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Echipa_na%C8%9Bional%C4%83_de_fotbal_a_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Echipa națională de fotbal a Elveției">Nati</a>” se bucură de susținere națională. Împreună cu Austria, Elveția a găzduit turneul final al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Campionatul_European_de_Fotbal_2008?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Campionatul European de Fotbal 2008">Campionatului European din 2008</a>. Mulți elvețieni urmăresc și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hochei_pe_ghea%C8%9B%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hochei pe gheață">hocheiul pe gheață</a> și sunt susținători ai unuia sau altuia dintre cele 12 cluburi care joacă în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Campionatul_na%C8%9Bional_elve%C8%9Bian_de_hochei_pe_ghea%C8%9B%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Campionatul național elvețian de hochei pe gheață — pagină inexistentă">campionatul național elvețian de hochei pe gheață</a>. În aprilie 2009, Elveția a găzduit pentru a zecea oară <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Campionatul_Mondial_IIHF&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Campionatul Mondial IIHF — pagină inexistentă">Campionatul Mondial IIHF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liga elvețiană de hochei este campionatul de hochei pe gheață cel mai urmărit din Europa.<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numeroasele lacuri fac din Elveția o țară atractivă pentru iahting. Pe cel mai mare, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lacul_Geneva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lacul Geneva">lacul Geneva</a>, activează echipa de iahting <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alinghi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alinghi — pagină inexistentă">Alinghi</a>, prima echipă europeană care a câștigat <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=America's_Cup&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="America's Cup — pagină inexistentă">America's Cup</a> în 2003 și care a reușit să-și apere titlul în 2007. Tenisul a devenit un sport din ce în ce mai populari, jucători elvețieni ca <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Martina_Hingis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Martina Hingis">Martina Hingis</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Federer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Federer">Roger Federer</a> câștigând multiple turnee de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grand_Slam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grand Slam">Grand Slam</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Federer_Cincinnati_(2007).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg/170px-Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="598"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 219px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg/170px-Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="219" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg/255px-Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg/340px-Federer_Cincinnati_%282007%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> În opt ani, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Federer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Federer">Roger Federer</a> a câștigat 17 turnee de Grand Slam la simplu, devenind cel mai de succes tenismen din istorie.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Cursele cu motor au fost interzise în Elveția după <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dezastrul_de_la_Le_Mans_din_1955&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dezastrul de la Le Mans din 1955 — pagină inexistentă">Dezastrul de la Le Mans din 1955</a>, excepție făcând cursele în pantă. Această interdicție a fost ridicată abia în iunie 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În perioada de interdicție, unii elvețieni au devenit totuși piloți profesioniști recunoscuți, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clay_Regazzoni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clay Regazzoni">Clay Regazzoni</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sebastian_Buemi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sebastian Buemi — pagină inexistentă">Sebastian Buemi</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jo_Siffert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jo Siffert">Jo Siffert</a> și pilotul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=World_Touring_Car_Championship&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="World Touring Car Championship — pagină inexistentă">World Touring Car Championship</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alain_Menu&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alain Menu — pagină inexistentă">Alain Menu</a>. Elveția a câștigat și Cupa A1GP în 2007-2008 cu pilotul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Neel_Jani&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Neel Jani — pagină inexistentă">Neel Jani</a>. Motociclistul elvețian <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Thomas_L%C3%BCthi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thomas Lüthi — pagină inexistentă">Thomas Lüthi</a> a câștigat în 2005 Campionatul Mondial <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MotoGP?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="MotoGP">MotoGP</a> la clasa 125cc.</p> <p>Între sporturile tradiționale se numără luptele elvețiene, sau „<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Schwingen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Schwingen — pagină inexistentă">Schwingen</a>”. Este o veche tradiție în cantoanele rurale din centru și este considerat a fi un fel de sport național. Un alt sport autohton este și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hornussen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hornussen — pagină inexistentă">Hornussen</a>, o combinație între baseball și golf.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Steinstossen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Steinstossen — pagină inexistentă">Steinstossen</a> este varianta elvețiană a <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aruncarea_greut%C4%83%C8%9Bii?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aruncarea greutății">aruncării greutății</a>, un concurs de aruncare a unei pietre grele. Practicat doar în satele de munte încă din preistorie, acest sport este atestat documentar în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basel">Basel</a> în secolul al XIII-lea. El este punctul central al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Unspunnenfest&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Unspunnenfest — pagină inexistentă">Unspunnenfestului</a>, festival ce se ține începând cu 1805 și al cărui simbol este piatra de 83,5 kg botezată <i>Unspunnenstein</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bucătăria"><span id="Buc.C4.83t.C4.83ria"></span>Bucătăria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=30&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bucătăria" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG/200px-Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="559"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 140px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG/200px-Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG" data-width="200" data-height="140" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG/300px-Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG/400px-Full_cheese_fondue_set_-_in_Switzerland.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fondue&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fondue — pagină inexistentă">Fondue</a> este brânză topită, în care se înmoaie pâinea </figcaption> </figure> <p>Bucătăria tradițională elvețiană are mai multe aspecte. Deși unele feluri de mâncare, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fondue&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fondue — pagină inexistentă">fondue</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Raclette&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Raclette — pagină inexistentă">raclette</a> sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%B6sti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rösti">rösti</a> sunt omniprezente în toată țara, fiecare regiune și-a dezvoltat mâncărurile sale specifice conform diferențelor de climă și limbă.<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bucătăria tradițională elvețiană utilizează ingrediente similare celor din alte țări europene, precum și produse <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lactate?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lactate">lactate</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Br%C3%A2nzeturi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Brânzeturi">brânzeturi</a> specifice, cum ar fi <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gruy%C3%A8re_(br%C3%A2nz%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gruyère (brânză) — pagină inexistentă">Gruyère</a> sau <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Emmental_(br%C3%A2nz%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Emmental (brânză) — pagină inexistentă">Emmental</a>, produse în văile <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gruy%C3%A8res&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gruyères — pagină inexistentă">Gruyères</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Emmental&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Emmental — pagină inexistentă">Emmental</a>. Numărul de restaurante este ridicat, în special în vestul țării.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Ciocolata s-a fabricat în Elveția încă din secolul al XVIII-lea, dar și-a câștigat reputația la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea, cu inventarea tehnicilor de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Con%C8%99aj&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Conșaj — pagină inexistentă">conșaj</a> și cristalizare care au permis producerea ei la o calitate superioară. O altă descoperire a fost inventarea ciocolatei cu lapte în 1875 de către <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daniel_Peter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daniel Peter">Daniel Peter</a>. Elvețienii sunt cei mai mari consumatori de ciocolată din lume.<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Vinul este cea mai populară băutură alcoolică în Elveția, țară cunoscută pentru varietatea de soiuri de struguri, dată de marea varietate de tipuri de areale viticole, cu combinații specifice de tipuri de sol, aer, altitudine și lumină. Vinurile elvețiene se produc în principal în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Valais_(regiune_viticol%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Valais (regiune viticolă) — pagină inexistentă">Valais</a>, <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vaud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaud">Vaud</a> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Lavaux&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Lavaux — pagină inexistentă">Lavaux</a>), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Geneva_(regiune_viticol%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Geneva (regiune viticolă) — pagină inexistentă">Geneva</a> și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ticino_(regiune_viticol%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ticino (regiune viticolă) — pagină inexistentă">Ticino</a>, majoritare (cu puțin) fiind vinurile albe. Au existat podgorii în Elveția de astăzi încă din epoca romană, deși se pot găsi unele urme de origine și mai veche. Cele mai răspândite soiuri cultivate sunt <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chasselas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Chasselas">Chasselas</a> (denumit <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Fendant&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Fendant — pagină inexistentă">Fendant</a> în Valais) și <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pinot_Noir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pinot Noir">Pinot Noir</a>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Merlot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Merlot">Merlot</a> este principalul soi produs în Ticino.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Patrimoniu_mondial">Patrimoniu mondial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=31&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Patrimoniu mondial" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Pe lista patrimoniului mondial UNESCO sunt înscrise următoarele obiective din Elveția:</p> <ul> <li>Mănăstirea benedictină de la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St._Gallen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a> (1983)</li> <li>Mănăstirea benedictină Sf. Ioan din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Val_M%C3%BCstair?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Val Müstair">Val Müstair</a> (1983)</li> <li>Centrul vechi istoric din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Berna">Berna</a> (1983)</li> <li>Cele trei cetăți din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bellinzona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a> (2000)</li> <li>Regiunea alpină „<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jungfrau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jungfrau">Jungfrau</a>” (2001, 2007)</li> <li>„Monte San Giorgio” lângă Lacul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lugano?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lugano">Lugano</a> (2003)</li> <li>Terasele viticole din districtul Lavaux (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Vaud?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Vaud">Cantonul Vaud</a>) (2007)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Note_de_completare">Note de completare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=32&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note de completare" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Numele în germana elvețiană este scris uneori și <span lang="gsw" style="font-style:italic">Schwyz</span> ori <span lang="gsw" style="font-style:italic">Schwiiz</span>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonul_Schwyz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonul Schwyz"><span lang="de" style="font-style:italic">Schwyz</span></a> este și numele în germana standard al unuia dintre cantoane.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">În <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa_de_Vest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa de Vest">Europa de Vest</a> sau în <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa_Central%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa Centrală">Europa Centrală</a>, în funcție de definiția acestor zone.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-64"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-64">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">SVP/UDC a suferit o ruptură după alegeri, ambii miniștri trecând la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Partidul_Democrat_Conservator_din_Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Partidul Democrat Conservator din Elveția — pagină inexistentă">Partidul Democrat Conservator din Elveția</a> (BDP/PBD). În 2009, odată cu alegerea lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ueli_Maurer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ueli Maurer — pagină inexistentă">Ueli Maurer</a>, SVP/UDC și BDP/PBD dețin fiecare câte un loc.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-68"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-68">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Din 1999, inițiativa constituțională poate să aibă și forma unei propuneri generale, ce urmează a fi elaborată de Parlament, dar această posibilitate nu a fost utilizată de atunci.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-69"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-69">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Adică o majoritate din cele 23 de voturi cantonale, deoarece rezultatul votului popular în cele trei <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Semicantoane&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Semicantoane — pagină inexistentă">semicantoane</a> contează ca jumătate din votul unui singur canton.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-107"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-107">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">În 2008, ETH Zürich s-a clasat pe locul 15 în domeniul <i>științele naturii și matematică</i> în clasamentul <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">Academic Ranking of World Universities</a> iar EPFL din Lausanne s-a clasat pe locul 18 în domeniul <i>inginerie/tehnologie și informatică</i> al aceleiași instituții de evaluare.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Note_bibliografice">Note bibliografice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=33&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note bibliografice" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324133453/https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode%3DSURFACE_WATER">„Surface water and surface water change”</a>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development — pagină inexistentă">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a> (OECD). Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode%3DSURFACE_WATER%23">original</a> la <time datetime="2021-03-24">24 martie 2021</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2020-10-11">11 octombrie 2020</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Surface+water+and+surface+water+change&rft.pub=Organisation+for+Economic+Co-operation+and+Development+%28OECD%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.oecd.org%2FIndex.aspx%3FDataSetCode%3DSURFACE_WATER%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEOCH-2">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-IMFWEOCH_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026044514/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x%3D56%26pr.y%3D6%26sy%3D2017%26ey%3D2024%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D146%26s%3DNGDPD%252CPPPGDP%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D">„World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019”</a>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x%3D56%26pr.y%3D6%26sy%3D2017%26ey%3D2024%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D146%26s%3DNGDPD%252CPPPGDP%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D">original</a> la <time datetime="2020-10-26">26 octombrie 2020</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2020-07-29">29 iulie 2020</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2019&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2019%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fpr.x%3D56%26pr.y%3D6%26sy%3D2017%26ey%3D2024%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D146%26s%3DNGDPD%252CPPPGDP%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320064533/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtessi190%26plugin%3D1">„Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey”</a>. <i>ec.europa.eu</i>. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eurostat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eurostat">Eurostat</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtessi190%26plugin%3D1">original</a> la <time datetime="2019-03-20">20 martie 2019</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2019-10-20">20 octombrie 2019</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ec.europa.eu&rft.atitle=Gini+coefficient+of+equivalised+disposable+income+%E2%80%93+EU-SILC+survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feurostat%2Ftgm%2Ftable.do%3Ftab%3Dtable%26init%3D1%26language%3Den%26pcode%3Dtessi190%26plugin%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-4"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-UNHDR_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430080741/http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/2019-human-development-index-ranking">„Human Development Report 2019”</a> (în engleză). <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_Development_Programme&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="United Nations Development Programme — pagină inexistentă">United Nations Development Programme</a>. <time datetime="2019-12-10">10 decembrie 2019</time>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/2019-human-development-index-ranking">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> la <time datetime="2020-04-30">30 aprilie 2020</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2019-12-10">10 decembrie 2019</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2019&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2019-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fcontent%2F2019-human-development-index-ranking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://publications.europa.eu/code/ro/ro-5000500.htm">Lista țărilor, a teritoriilor și a monedelor</a> din Ghidul de redactare interinstituțional al <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uniunea_European%C4%83?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uniunea Europeană">Uniunii Europene</a>, <i>publications.europa.eu</i></span></li> <li id="cite_note-657f58242dc430254df4fae06bfd948d-6"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-657f58242dc430254df4fae06bfd948d_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation">, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285453" class="extiw" title="d:Q285453"><span lang="de">Bundesamt für Statistik</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="de">Bundesamt für Statistik</span> (Switzerland's national competence centre for official statistics)|]]</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/population.gnpdetail.2023-0208.html">https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/population.gnpdetail.2023-0208.html</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22de%22%3EBundesamt+f%C3%BCr+Statistik%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cabbr+title%3D%27Articolul+%C3%AEnc%C4%83+nu+exist%C4%83+%C3%AEn+acest+wiki%27%3E%5B%2A%5D%3C%2Fabbr%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Anone%22%3E%26%238203%3B%3C%2Fspan%3ECategorie%3AArticole+cu+leg%C4%83turi+c%C4%83tre+elemente+f%C4%83r%C4%83+etichet%C4%83+%C3%AEn+limba+rom%C3%A2n%C4%83&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfs.admin.ch%2Fbfs%2Ffr%2Fhome%2Fstatistiques%2Fpopulation.gnpdetail.2023-0208.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; 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border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-32403991925c2f22ee4d74eb99c3efb9-9"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32403991925c2f22ee4d74eb99c3efb9_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/president-ignazio-cassis--a-man-who-resembles-switzerland/47231768"><i>President Ignazio Cassis: a man who resembles Switzerland</i></a> (în engleză)<span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2022-04-11">11 aprilie 2022</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=President+Ignazio+Cassis%3A+a+man+who+resembles+Switzerland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissinfo.ch%2Feng%2Fpresident-ignazio-cassis--a-man-who-resembles-switzerland%2F47231768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-58e57bfdc7a68b8d6cbdbc2520d8aede-10"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-58e57bfdc7a68b8d6cbdbc2520d8aede_10-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bk.admin.ch/bk/de/home/dokumentation/gesetzgebung/rechtsbereiche-der-bk/abgeschlossene-gesetzgebungsprojekte/bundesstadtstatus-stadt-bern.html"><i>Bundesstadtstatus Stadt Bern</i></a> (în germană)<span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2018-10-16">16 octombrie 2018</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bundesstadtstatus+Stadt+Bern&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bk.admin.ch%2Fbk%2Fde%2Fhome%2Fdokumentation%2Fgesetzgebung%2Frechtsbereiche-der-bk%2Fabgeschlossene-gesetzgebungsprojekte%2Fbundesstadtstatus-stadt-bern.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3a77335490a23d4333328ee8abc82bec-11"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3a77335490a23d4333328ee8abc82bec_11-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.rts.ch/decouverte/monde-et-societe/histoire/6218180-quel-est-le-sens-du-sigle-ch.html">https://www.rts.ch/decouverte/monde-et-societe/histoire/6218180-quel-est-le-sens-du-sigle-ch.html</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2023-05-29">29 mai 2023</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rts.ch%2Fdecouverte%2Fmonde-et-societe%2Fhistoire%2F6218180-quel-est-le-sens-du-sigle-ch.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4a393ce22f72f3ac18e5d1a153d00346-12"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4a393ce22f72f3ac18e5d1a153d00346_12-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.youtube.com/shorts/8Qz9dNZoU4U">https://www.youtube.com/shorts/8Qz9dNZoU4U</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2023-05-29">29 mai 2023</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fshorts%2F8Qz9dNZoU4U&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://bern.mae.ro/node/484">Confederația Elvețiană - Date generale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016032738/http://bern.mae.ro/node/484">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2018-10-16">16 octombrie 2018</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <i>bern.mae.ro</i></span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Fleiner, Alexander Misic, Nicole Töpperwien, <i>Swiss Constitutional Law</i>, p. 28, Kluwer Law International</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Digitaljournal.com-17"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Digitaljournal.com_17-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/298716">„US is still by far the richest country, China fastest growing”</a>. Digitaljournal.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-11-08">8 noiembrie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+is+still+by+far+the+richest+country%2C+China+fastest+growing&rft.pub=Digitaljournal.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitaljournal.com%2Farticle%2F298716&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/oct/19/currency-appreciation-makes-swiss-wealthiest">Franc's rise puts Swiss top of rich list</a> [<i>Creșterea francului pune un elvețian în topul bogaților</i>] Simon Bowers, guardian.co.uk, miercuri 19 octombrie 2011</span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.citymayors.com/features/quality_survey.html">„Swiss and German cities dominate ranking of best cities in the world”</a> [Orașe elvețiene și germane domină clasamentul celor mai bune orașe din lume] (în engleză). Citymayors.com. <time datetime="2009-04-28">28 aprilie 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swiss+and+German+cities+dominate+ranking+of+best+cities+in+the+world&rft.pub=Citymayors.com&rft.date=2009-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.citymayors.com%2Ffeatures%2Fquality_survey.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.euroculturemaster.org/pdf/groep1_2/Mangiat.pdf">Constitutional Patriotism and Exclusion: the Swiss Case</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112131449/http://www.euroculturemaster.org/pdf/groep1_2/Mangiat.pdf">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2016-01-12">12 ianuarie 2016</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. euroculturemaster.org. Retrieved on 2009-07-30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://journals.cambridge.org/download.php?file%3D%252FCSS%252FCSS40_04%252FS0010417598001686a.pdf%26code%3D58775d5e7c8f256fef0a6e06d5ccf9fa">In Search of Natural Identity: Alpine Landscape and the Reconstruction of the Swiss Nation.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116072104/http://journals.cambridge.org/download.php?file%3D%252FCSS%252FCSS40_04%252FS0010417598001686a.pdf%26code%3D58775d5e7c8f256fef0a6e06d5ccf9fa">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2013-01-16">16 ianuarie 2013</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. [<i>În căutarea unei identități naturale: peisajul alpin și reconstrucția națiunii elvețiene</i>] journals.cambridge.org. Accesat la 2009-07-30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Room, Adrian (<time datetime="1997">1997</time>). <i>Placenames of the World</i> (în engleză). Londra: MacFarland and Co., Inc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Placenames+of+the+World&rft.place=Londra&rft.pub=MacFarland+and+Co.%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Room&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14358a.htm">„Switzerland”</a> (în engleză). the Catholic Encyclopedia newadvent.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-01-26">26 ianuarie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Switzerland&rft.pub=the+Catholic+Encyclopedia+newadvent.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F14358a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Despre Schwyzers, elvețieni și helveti, Departamentul Federal al Afacerilor Interne, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bar.admin.ch/archivgut/00591/00601/00602/index.html?lang%3Den%23">bar.admin.ch</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805105934/http://www.bar.admin.ch/archivgut/00591/00601/00602/index.html?lang%3Den">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-08-05">5 august 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Accesat la 2010-01-26</span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112131458/http://www.schweizer-deutsch.ch/uploads/media/einige_Beispielseiten_2007-07-05_01.pdf">„Züritütsch, Schweizerdeutsch (p. 2)”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (în germană). schweizerdeutsch.ch. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.schweizer-deutsch.ch/uploads/media/einige_Beispielseiten_2007-07-05_01.pdf">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> la <time datetime="2016-01-12">12 ianuarie 2016</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-01-26">26 ianuarie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Z%C3%BCrit%C3%BCtsch%2C+Schweizerdeutsch+%28p.+2%29&rft.pub=schweizerdeutsch.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.schweizer-deutsch.ch%2Fuploads%2Fmedia%2Feinige_Beispielseiten_2007-07-05_01.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815131226/https://www.sz.ch/xml_1/internet/de/application/d2/d56/d756/f759.cfm">„Kanton Schwyz: Kurzer historischer Überblick”</a> (în germană). sz.ch. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sz.ch/xml_1/internet/de/application/d2/d56/d756/f759.cfm">original</a> la <time datetime="2016-08-15">15 august 2016</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-01-26">26 ianuarie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kanton+Schwyz%3A+Kurzer+historischer+%C3%9Cberblick&rft.pub=sz.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sz.ch%2Fxml_1%2Finternet%2Fde%2Fapplication%2Fd2%2Fd56%2Fd756%2Ff759.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D9827.php">Marco Marcacci, Confederatio helvetica (2002)</a>, Historical Lexicon of Switzerland.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>Helvetia</i> în <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D16440.php"><span title="Helvetia în germană">germană</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F16440.php"><span title="Helvetia în franceză">franceză</span></a> și <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/i/I16440.php"><span title="Helvetia în italiană">italiană</span></a> în <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></i>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Early-29">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Early_29-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/history/prehistory_to_romans/prehistoric_times/">„History”</a> (în engleză). swissworld.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-06-27">27 iunie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=swissworld.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissworld.org%2Fen%2Fhistory%2Fprehistory_to_romans%2Fprehistoric_times%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/swissinfo.html?siteSect%3D108%26sid%3D6054935%26cKey%3D1126454871000">„Switzerland's Roman heritage comes to life”</a> [Moștenirea romană a Elveției prinde viață] (în engleză). swissinfo.ch.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Switzerland%27s+Roman+heritage+comes+to+life&rft.pub=swissinfo.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissinfo.ch%2Feng%2Fswissinfo.html%3FsiteSect%3D108%26sid%3D6054935%26cKey%3D1126454871000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Nationsencyclopedia-31">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsencyclopedia_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Europe/Switzerland-HISTORY.html">„Switzerland history”</a> [Istoria Elveției] (în engleză). Nationsencyclopedia.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-11-27">27 noiembrie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Switzerland+history&rft.pub=Nationsencyclopedia.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationsencyclopedia.com%2FEurope%2FSwitzerland-HISTORY.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Nationsonline-32">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Nationsonline_32-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/History/Switzerland-history.htm">„History of Switzerland”</a> [Istoria Elveției] (în engleză). Nationsonline.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-11-27">27 noiembrie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Switzerland&rft.pub=Nationsonline.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationsonline.org%2Foneworld%2FHistory%2FSwitzerland-history.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-schwabe-33"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-schwabe_33-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Schwabe & Co.: <i>Geschichte der Schweiz und der Schweizer</i>, Schwabe & Co 1986/2004. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/3796520677?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-7965-2067-7</a> <span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba germană">de</span> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Brief-34">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Brief_34-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/ocea/vaus/infoch/chhist.html">A Brief Survey of Swiss History</a> [<i>Scurt compendiu de istorie a Elveției</i>] admin.ch, Retrieved on 2009-06-22</span></li> <li id="cite_note-35"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>Swiss border</i> în <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D7841.php"><span title="Swiss border în germană">germană</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F7841.php"><span title="Swiss border în franceză">franceză</span></a> și <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/i/I7841.php"><span title="Swiss border în italiană">italiană</span></a> în <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></i>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-36">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>Bundesstadt</i> în <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D10102.php"><span title="Bundesstadt în germană">germană</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F10102.php"><span title="Bundesstadt în franceză">franceză</span></a> și <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/i/I10102.php"><span title="Bundesstadt în italiană">italiană</span></a> în <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></i>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-37"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-37">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.inboundlogistics.com/articles/global/global0106a.shtml">Tunnel Vision: Switzerland's AlpTransit Gotthard Tunnel</a> inboundlogistics.com. Accesat la 2010-04-24</span></li> <li id="cite_note-HistoiredelaSuisse-38"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-HistoiredelaSuisse_38-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire de la Suisse</i>, Éditions Fragnière, Fribourg, Switzerland</span></li> <li id="cite_note-39"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-39">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/specials/extraordinary_exiles/index/Lenin_and_the_Swiss_non-revolution.html?cid%3D12812">Lenin and the Swiss non-revolution</a> [<i>Lenin și non-revoluția elvețiană</i>] swissinfo.ch. Accesat la 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-40"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-40">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>Let's Swallow Switzerland</i> [<i>Să înghițim Elveția</i>] de Klaus Urner (Lexington Books, 2002).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Stonebooks-41">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Stonebooks_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Stonebooks_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Stonebooks_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://stonebooks.com/archives/981111.shtml">Book review: Target Switzerland: Swiss Armed Neutrality in World War II, Halbrook, Stephen P.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091201171926/http://stonebooks.com/archives/981111.shtml">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-12-01">1 decembrie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. stonebooks.com. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-42"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-42">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>Asylum</i> în <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D10374.php"><span title="Asylum în germană">germană</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F10374.php"><span title="Asylum în franceză">franceză</span></a> și <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/i/I10374.php"><span title="Asylum în italiană">italiană</span></a> în <i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></i>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-43"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-43">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uek.ch/en/schlussbericht/synthesis/ueke.pdf">The Bergier Commission Final Report</a> [<i>Raportul final al comisiei Bergier</i>], pagina 498.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-44"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-44">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.uek.ch/en/schlussbericht/synthesis/ueke.pdf">The Bergier Commission Final Report</a>, page 521.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FCO-45">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FCO_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FCO_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FCO_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FCO_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204101224/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/europe/switzerland?profile%3Dtoday">Country profile: Switzerland</a> [<i>Profil de țară: Elveția</i>] Biroul pentru Externe și Commonwealth al Regatului Unit, Retrieved on 2009-11-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Geo-46">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Geo_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Geo_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Geo_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Geo_46-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/geography/swiss_geography/contrasts/">Geography</a> [<i>Geografie</i>] swissworld.org, Accesat la 2009-06-23</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Landscape-47"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Landscape_47-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/ocea/vaus/infoch/chgeog.html">„Landscape and Living Space”</a> [Peisaj și spațiu vital]. <i>Federal Department of Foreign Affairs</i>. Federal Administration admin.ch. <time datetime="2007-07-31">31 iulie 2007</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-06-25">25 iunie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federal+Department+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Landscape+and+Living+Space&rft.date=2007-07-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eda.admin.ch%2Feda%2Fen%2Fhome%2Freps%2Focea%2Fvaus%2Finfoch%2Fchgeog.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-maps-48"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-maps_48-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Hartă zoomabilă a Elveției disponibilă la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissinfo-geo.org/">swissinfo-geo.org</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissgeo.ch/">swissgeo.ch</a>; imagine din satelit zoomabilă la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://map.search.ch/">map.search.ch</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-49"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-49">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/thematische_karten/maps/raum_und_umwelt/naturraum_schweiz.html">Physical Geography of Switzerland</a> [<i>Geografia fizică a Elveției</i>] bfs.admin.ch. Accesat la 2010-05-06</span></li> <li id="cite_note-50"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-50">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sciencecentric.com/news/article.php?q%3D09062217-ice-volume-switzerland-glaciers-calculated">Ice volume of Switzerland's glaciers calculated</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705182814/http://www.sciencecentric.com/news/article.php?q%3D09062217-ice-volume-switzerland-glaciers-calculated">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2014-07-05">5 iulie 2014</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. [<i>Volumul gheții din ghețarii Elveției</i>] sciencecentric.com. Accesat la 2010-05-06</span></li> <li id="cite_note-51"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/switzerland/">Landscape and climate</a> [<i>Peisajul și clima</i>] cp-pc.ca. Accesat la 2009-12-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-geography-52">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-geography_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-geography_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Herbermann, Charles George (<time datetime="1913">1913</time>). <i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i> [<i>Enciclopedia Catolică</i>]. Encyclopedia Press. p. 358.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=358&rft.pub=Encyclopedia+Press&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Herbermann&rft.aufirst=Charles+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-53"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1037/">Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch</a> unesco.org</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Climate-54"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Climate_54-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.about.ch/geography/climate/index.html">Climate in Switzerland</a> about.ch, Accesat la 2009-06-23</span></li> <li id="cite_note-BBCclimate-55"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-BBCclimate_55-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20050525125119/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/country_guides/results.shtml?tt%3DTT005790">Country guide, Switzerland</a> bbc.co.uk, Accesat la 2009-11-20</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FederalClimate-56">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FederalClimate_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FederalClimate_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223205106/http://www.meteoschweiz.admin.ch/web/en/climate/climate_today/swiss_climate_maps.html">„Climate data sunshine/temperature/rainfall choosable on federal weather bureau”</a> [Date climatice pricind precipitațiile, temperatura și expunerea solară]. Meteoschweiz.admin.ch. <time datetime="2011-05-23">23 mai 2011</time>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.meteoschweiz.admin.ch/web/en/climate/climate_today/swiss_climate_maps.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2010-02-23">23 februarie 2010</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2011-05-29">29 mai 2011</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+data+sunshine%2Ftemperature%2Frainfall+choosable+on+federal+weather+bureau&rft.pub=Meteoschweiz.admin.ch&rft.date=2011-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteoschweiz.admin.ch%2Fweb%2Fen%2Fclimate%2Fclimate_today%2Fswiss_climate_maps.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-swin-45090938-57">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-swin-45090938_57-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.swissinfo.ch/ger/schweiz-klimawandel-temperaturen-hitze/45090938">https://www.swissinfo.ch/ger/schweiz-klimawandel-temperaturen-hitze/45090938</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-58"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-58">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://naturwissenschaften.ch/topics/snow-glaciers-permafrost/glaciers/inventory"><i>Inventar</i></a> (în germană), naturwissenschaften.ch</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inventar&rft.pub=naturwissenschaften.ch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnaturwissenschaften.ch%2Ftopics%2Fsnow-glaciers-permafrost%2Fglaciers%2Finventory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-59"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-59">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Marty, C. et al. 2017. How much can we save? Impact of different emission scenarios on future snow cover in the Alps, The Cryosphere, 11, 517–529, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-517-2017">https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-517-2017</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-60"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.image-switzerland.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/pdf/e/Image_der_Schweiz/Switzerland_s_strengths_people.pdf">The strengths of Switzerland and its people, p.3</a><sup>[<i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i>]</sup> Federal Department of Foreign Affairs FDFA. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-61"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-61">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/environment/climate_change/impact_of_climate_change/">Impact of climate change</a> [<i>Impactul schimbărilor climatice</i>] swissworld.org. Accesat la 2010-01-14.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Politics-62">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Politics_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Politics_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Politics_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Politics_62-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Politics_62-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Politics_62-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/ocea/vaus/infoch/chpoli.html">Political System</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=''Sistemul_politic''&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="''Sistemul politic'' — pagină inexistentă">''Sistemul politic''</a> admin.ch, Accesat la 2009-06-22</span></li> <li id="cite_note-63"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-63">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/reps/eur/vgbr/infoch/chpoli.html">„Political System”</a> [Sistemul politic] (în engleză). Departamentul Federal pentru Afaceri externe.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Political+System&rft.pub=Departamentul+Federal+pentru+Afaceri+externe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eda.admin.ch%2Feda%2Fen%2Fhome%2Freps%2Feur%2Fvgbr%2Finfoch%2Fchpoli.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-65"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-65">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ch.ch/behoerden/00215/00329/00353/index.html?lang%3Den">The Judiciary: The Federal Supreme Court</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429085459/http://www.ch.ch/behoerden/00215/00329/00353/index.html?lang%3Den">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2011-04-29">29 aprilie 2011</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. ch.ch. Accesat la 2009-12-15</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Cantons-66">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cantons_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cantons_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ch.ch/behoerden/00215/00330/index.html?lang%3Den">Cantons</a> ch.ch. Accesat la 2009-12-15</span></li> <li id="cite_note-67"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-67">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1435383/How-direct-democracy-makes-Switzerland-a-better-place.html">How direct democracy makes Switzerland a better place</a> telegraph.co.uk. Accesat la 2009-12-04</span></li> <li id="cite_note-70"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-70">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Tremblay; Lecours; et al. (2004) Mapping the Political Landscape. Toronto: Nelson.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-71"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-71">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Turner; Barry (2001). The Statement's Yearbook. New York: MacMillan Press ltd.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-72"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-72">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Banks, Arthur (2006). Political Handbook of The World 2005–2006. Washington: Cq Press.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-73"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-73">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://enclaves.webs.com/westerneurope.htm">Enclavele lumii</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918074336/http://enclaves.webs.com/westerneurope.htm">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-09-18">18 septembrie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. enclaves.webs.com. Accesat la 2009-12-15</span></li> <li id="cite_note-74"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-74">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.austria.org/content/view/74/">Vorarlberg</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410065138/http://www.austria.org/content/view/74/">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2014-04-10">10 aprilie 2014</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. austria.org. Accesat la 2009-12-15</span></li> <li id="cite_note-75"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-75">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">c2d@zda.uzh.ch (<time datetime="2008-08-20">20 august 2008</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105105300/http://www.c2d.ch/?entit%3D10%26vote%3D101%26lang%3D">„unige.ch – Direct democracy in the world”</a>. C2d.ch. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.c2d.ch/?entit%3D10%26vote%3D101%26lang%3D">original</a> la <time datetime="2009-01-05">5 ianuarie 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=unige.ch+%E2%80%93+Direct+democracy+in+the+world&rft.pub=C2d.ch&rft.date=2008-08-20&rft.au=c2d%40zda.uzh.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.c2d.ch%2F%3Fentit%3D10%26vote%3D101%26lang%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Neutrality-76">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Neutrality_76-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Neutrality_76-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Neutrality_76-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Neutrality_76-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Neutrality_76-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/politics/foreign_policy/neutrality_and_isolationism/">Neutrality and isolationism</a> [<i>Neutralitate și izolaționism</i>] swissworld.org, Accesat la 2009-06-23</span></li> <li id="cite_note-nationsencyclopedia.com-77"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-nationsencyclopedia.com_77-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Europe/Switzerland-COUNTRY-HISTORY-AND-ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT.html">„Switzerland – Country history and economic development”</a> [Elveția - istoria țării și dezvoltarea economică]. <i>nationsencyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-12-12">12 decembrie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nationsencyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Switzerland+%E2%80%93+Country+history+and+economic+development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationsencyclopedia.com%2Feconomies%2FEurope%2FSwitzerland-COUNTRY-HISTORY-AND-ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-78"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-78">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1901/dunant-bio.html">Henri Dunant, the Nobel Peace Prize 1901</a> nobelprize.org. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-79"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-79">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ifsports-guide.ch/english/navigation/annuaire_en.html">Sports directory</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100503052352/http://www.ifsports-guide.ch/english/navigation/annuaire_en.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-05-03">3 mai 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. if-sportsguide.ch. Accesat la 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-80"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-80">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nzz.ch/nachrichten/schweiz/zwei_drittel_der_rekruten_diensttauglich_1.687233.html">„Zwei Drittel der Rekruten diensttauglich (Schweiz, NZZ Online)”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2009-02-23">23 februarie 2009</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zwei+Drittel+der+Rekruten+diensttauglich+%28Schweiz%2C+NZZ+Online%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzz.ch%2Fnachrichten%2Fschweiz%2Fzwei_drittel_der_rekruten_diensttauglich_1.687233.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-81"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-81">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.vbs.admin.ch/internet/vbs/de/home/documentation/armeezahlen/eff.html">Armeezahlen www.vbs.admin.ch</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909112719/http://www.vbs.admin.ch/internet/vbs/de/home/documentation/armeezahlen/eff.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-09-09">9 septembrie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (germană)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-82"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-82">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Drept context, conform lui <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Reischauer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Edwin Reischauer — pagină inexistentă">Edwin Reischauer</a>, „pentru a fi neutru trebuie să fii gata să fii extrem de militarizat, ca Elveția sau Suedia." – <i>vezi</i> Chapin, Emerson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res%3D9C0CE2DC163AF931A3575AC0A966958260%26scp%3D1%26sq%3Dedwin%2Bo%2Breischauer%26st%3Dnyt">„Edwin Reischauer, diplomat și intelectual, a murit la 79 de ani,”</a> <i>New York Times</i>. 2 septembrie 1990.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-83"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-83">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.admin.ch/ch/d//pore/va//19891126/index.html">Volksabstimmung vom 26. November 1989</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091130011010/http://www.admin.ch/ch/d/pore/va/19891126/index.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-11-30">30 noiembrie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. admin.ch. Accesat la 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-84"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-84">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><i>L'évolution de la politique de sécurité de la Suisse</i> [„Evoluția politicilor de securitate ale Elveției”] de Manfred Rôsch, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nato.int/docu/revue/1993/9306-05.htm">NATO.int</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-85"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-85">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.admin.ch/ch/d//pore/va/20011202/det482.html">Volksinitiative 'für eine glaubwürdige Sicherheitspolitik und eine Schweiz ohne Armee (în germană)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815050830/http://www.admin.ch/ch/d/pore/va/20011202/det482.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-08-15">15 august 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. admin.ch. Accesat la 2009-12-07</span></li> <li id="cite_note-86"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-86">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/economy/key_sectors/watches/">„Watches”</a> [Ceasuri de mână]. Swissworld.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-02-28">28 februarie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Watches&rft.pub=Swissworld.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissworld.org%2Fen%2Feconomy%2Fkey_sectors%2Fwatches%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-87"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-87">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724065751/https://www.credit-suisse.com/news/en/media_release.jsp?ns%3D41874">„Credit Suisse: Global wealth has soared 14% since 2010 to USD 231 trillion with the strongest growth in emerging markets - Credit Suisse”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.credit-suisse.com/news/en/media_release.jsp?ns%3D41874">original</a> la <time datetime="2014-07-24">24 iulie 2014</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-12-29">29 decembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Credit+Suisse%3A+Global+wealth+has+soared+14%25+since+2010+to+USD+231+trillion+with+the+strongest+growth+in+emerging+markets+-+Credit+Suisse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.credit-suisse.com%2Fnews%2Fen%2Fmedia_release.jsp%3Fns%3D41874&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-88"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-88">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114023617/https://www.credit-suisse.com/upload/news-live/000000022454.pdf">„copie arhivă”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.credit-suisse.com/upload/news-live/000000022454.pdf">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> la <time datetime="2012-11-14">14 noiembrie 2012</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-12-29">29 decembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=copie+arhiv%C4%83&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.credit-suisse.com%2Fupload%2Fnews-live%2F000000022454.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-89"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-89">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.heritage.org/index/country/Switzerland">2012 Index of Economic Freedom: Switzerland</a> [<i>Indicele Libertății Economice: Elveția</i>] heritage.org. Accesat la 2011-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-cia.gov-90">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-cia.gov_90-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-cia.gov_90-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424075526/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html">„The World Factbook”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2013-04-24">24 aprilie 2013</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-12-29">29 decembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2004rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-91"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-91">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.weforum.org/en/initiatives/gcp/Global%2520Competitiveness%2520Report/index.htm">„World Economic Forum – Global Competitiveness Report”</a>. Weforum.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Economic+Forum+%E2%80%93+Global+Competitiveness+Report&rft.pub=Weforum.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weforum.org%2Fen%2Finitiatives%2Fgcp%2FGlobal%2520Competitiveness%2520Report%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-92"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-92">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/pdf/iu-scoreboard-2010_en.pdf"><i>Research and innovation</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (în engleză), European Commission - European Commission</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Research+and+innovation&rft.pub=European+Commission+-+European+Commission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fresearch%2Finnovation-union%2Fpdf%2Fiu-scoreboard-2010_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-westeuro-93">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-westeuro_93-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-westeuro_93-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Western Europe</i>. Routledge. <time datetime="2002">2002</time>. pp. 645–646. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/1-85743-152-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/1-85743-152-9">1-85743-152-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Western+Europe&rft.pages=645-646&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-85743-152-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-94"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-94">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.citymayors.com/economics/power-cities.html">Cele mai puternice orașe din lume</a> citymayors.com. Accesat la 2012-04-27</span></li> <li id="cite_note-95"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-95">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/business/detail/Six_Swiss_companies_make_European_Top_100.html?siteSect%3D161%26sid%3D7174196%26cKey%3D1161172317000">„Six Swiss companies make European Top 100”</a> [Șase companii elvețiene intră în Top 100 european]. swissinfo.ch. <time datetime="2008-10-18">18 octombrie 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-07-22">22 iulie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Six+Swiss+companies+make+European+Top+100&rft.date=2008-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissinfo.ch%2Feng%2Fbusiness%2Fdetail%2FSix_Swiss_companies_make_European_Top_100.html%3FsiteSect%3D161%26sid%3D7174196%26cKey%3D1161172317000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-yearbook2008-96">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-yearbook2008_96-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Anuarul Statistic Elvețian 2008 realizat de <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Biroul_Federal_Elve%C8%9Bian_de_Statistic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Biroul Federal Elvețian de Statistică — pagină inexistentă">Biroul Federal Elvețian de Statistică</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-97"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-97">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/economy/workers_and_jobs/trade_unions">„Trade Unions - Switzerland”</a> [Sindicate - Elveția]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <span class="nowrap">2012-17-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trade+Unions+-+Switzerland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissworld.org%2Fen%2Feconomy%2Fworkers_and_jobs%2Ftrade_unions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați datele pentru: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> (<a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bad_date" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-98"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-98">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501034611/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9D3FGVO0.htm">„Șomajul în Elveția a atins maximul ultimilor 12 ani – doar 4,4 procente”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9D3FGVO0.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2011-05-01">1 mai 2011</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-12-29">29 decembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C8%98omajul+%C3%AEn+Elve%C8%9Bia+a+atins+maximul+ultimilor+12+ani+%E2%80%93+doar+4%2C4+procente&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Fap%2Ffinancialnews%2FD9D3FGVO0.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-economicsurvey2007-99">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-economicsurvey2007_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-economicsurvey2007_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/39/8/39539300.pdf">Policy Brief: Economic Survey of Switzerland, 2007</a> (326 Ko), <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OECD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-100"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-100">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/49/40202407.pdf">Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2008 – Switzerland Country Note</a> (45 Ko)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-101"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-101">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.osec.ch/internet/osec/en/home/invest/factors/infrastructure/live/costs.-RelatedBoxSlot-47301-ItemList-89920-File.File.pdf/Domestic%2520purchasing%2520power%2520of%2520wages%2520E.pdf">Domestic purchasing power of wages</a><sup>[<i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i>]</sup> (68 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Octet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Octet">Ko</a>)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-102"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-102">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-4179358/Switzerland-tops-in-buying-power.html">Switzerland tops in buying power</a> goliath.ecnext.com. Accesat la 2010-01-14.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-103"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-103">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE57Q23H20090827">Want the world's best wages? Move to Switzerland</a> reuters.com. Accesat la 2010-01-14.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Education-104">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Education_104-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Education_104-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Education_104-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Education_104-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/education/general_overview/the_swiss_education_system/">The Swiss education system</a> swissworld.org, Accesat la 2009-06-23</span></li> <li id="cite_note-105"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-105">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.topuniversities.com/university/199/eth-zurich-swiss-federal-institute-of-technology">ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology)</a> topouniversities.com. Accesat la 2010-04-30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-106"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-106">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.topuniversities.com/world-university-rankings">Top.Universities</a> Accesat la 2010-04-30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-108"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-108">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112131659/http://ed.sjtu.edu.cn/ARWU-FIELD2008/SCI2008.htm">„Shanghai Ranking 2008 Top 100 world universities in Natural Sciences and Mathematics”</a>. Ed.sjtu.edu.cn. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://ed.sjtu.edu.cn/ARWU-FIELD2008/SCI2008.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2016-01-12">12 ianuarie 2016</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-11-02">2 noiembrie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shanghai+Ranking+2008+Top+100+world+universities+in+Natural+Sciences+and+Mathematics&rft.pub=Ed.sjtu.edu.cn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fed.sjtu.edu.cn%2FARWU-FIELD2008%2FSCI2008.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-109"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-109">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ecs.org/html/offsite.asp?document%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww%252Eoecd%252Eorg%252Fdataoecd%252F20%252F25%252F35345692%252Epdf">Education at Glance 2005</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723201800/http://www.ecs.org/html/offsite.asp?document%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.oecd.org%252Fdataoecd%252F20%252F25%252F35345692.pdf">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2013-07-23">23 iulie 2013</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., studiu <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OECD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>: procentajul studenților străini în învățământul superior.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-110"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-110">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502042931/http://www.studyihub.com/the-graduate-institute-of-international-studies-geneva/">„Graduate Institute of International Studies Geneva Overview | Study Abroad Programs”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.studyihub.com/the-graduate-institute-of-international-studies-geneva/">original</a> la <time datetime="2013-05-02">2 mai 2013</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-12-30">30 decembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Graduate+Institute+of+International+Studies+Geneva+Overview+%7C+Study+Abroad+Programs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.studyihub.com%2Fthe-graduate-institute-of-international-studies-geneva%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-111"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-111">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709041656/http://www.law.umn.edu/eperspectives/summer2010/news-and-events/kendra-magraw-10-accepted-at-genevas-prestigious-iheid">„copie arhivă”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.law.umn.edu/eperspectives/summer2010/news-and-events/kendra-magraw-10-accepted-at-genevas-prestigious-iheid/">original</a> la <time datetime="2010-07-09">9 iulie 2010</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-12-30">30 decembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=copie+arhiv%C4%83&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.umn.edu%2Feperspectives%2Fsummer2010%2Fnews-and-events%2Fkendra-magraw-10-accepted-at-genevas-prestigious-iheid%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-112"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-112">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">John Snygg, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ch/books?id%3DqlX3CqMUHpUC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse"></a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.ch/books?id%3DqlX3CqMUHpUC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse">A New Approach to Differential Geometry Using Clifford's Geometric Algebra<i></i></a><i>, p. 38</i></span></li> <li id="cite_note-113"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-113">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Dr. phil. Roland Mueller. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.muellerscience.com/SPEZIALITAETEN/Schweiz/SchweizerNobelpreistraeger.htm">„Muellerscience.com”</a>. Muellerscience.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2011-05-29">29 mai 2011</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muellerscience.com&rft.pub=Muellerscience.com&rft.au=Dr.+phil.+Roland+Mueller&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muellerscience.com%2FSPEZIALITAETEN%2FSchweiz%2FSchweizerNobelpreistraeger.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-urlMueller_Science_-_Spezialitaeten:_Schweizer_Nobelpreisträger-114"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-urlMueller_Science_-_Spezialitaeten:_Schweizer_Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger_114-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.muellerscience.com/SPEZIALITAETEN/Schweiz/SchweizerNobelpreistraeger.htm">„Mueller Science – Spezialitaeten: Schweizer Nobelpreisträger”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-07-31">31 iulie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mueller+Science+%E2%80%93+Spezialitaeten%3A+Schweizer+Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muellerscience.com%2FSPEZIALITAETEN%2FSchweiz%2FSchweizerNobelpreistraeger.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-115"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-115">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://info.cern.ch/">info.cern.ch</a> Accesat la 2010-04-30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-116"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-116">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/switzerland/resources/story_switzerland/cern_the_largest_laboratory_in_the_world/">„CERN - the largest laboratory in the world www.swissworld.org”</a>. Swissworld.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CERN+-+the+largest+laboratory+in+the+world+www.swissworld.org&rft.pub=Swissworld.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissworld.org%2Fen%2Fswitzerland%2Fresources%2Fstory_switzerland%2Fcern_the_largest_laboratory_in_the_world%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-117"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-117">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://user.web.cern.ch/user/Institute/Integration/GetToCERN/GetToCERN.html">„How to get to CERN”</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+get+to+CERN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuser.web.cern.ch%2Fuser%2FInstitute%2FIntegration%2FGetToCERN%2FGetToCERN.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-118"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-118">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091127232253/http://www.oerlikon.com/ecomaXL/index.php?site%3DSPACE_EN_company_overview">„Company overview www.oerlikon.com”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.oerlikon.com/ecomaXL/index.php?site%3DSPACE_EN_company_overview">original</a> la <time datetime="2009-11-27">27 noiembrie 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-12-30">30 decembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+overview+www.oerlikon.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oerlikon.com%2FecomaXL%2Findex.php%3Fsite%3DSPACE_EN_company_overview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-119"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-119">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">maxon motor ag (<time datetime="2004-01-04">4 ianuarie 2004</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430001717/http://www.maxonmotor.ch/ch/en/media_releases_5619.html">„Media releases”</a>. Maxonmotor.ch. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.maxonmotor.ch/ch/en/media_releases_5619.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2011-04-30">30 aprilie 2011</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Media+releases&rft.pub=Maxonmotor.ch&rft.date=2004-01-04&rft.au=maxon+motor+ag&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maxonmotor.ch%2Fch%2Fen%2Fmedia_releases_5619.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-120"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-120">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Prof Clive Church (<time datetime="2003">2003</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624200130/http://www.sussex.ac.uk/sei/documents/wp64.pdf">„The contexts of Swiss opposition to Europe”</a> [Contextele opoziției elvețienilor față de Europa] <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (în engleză). Sussex European Institute. p. 12. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/sei/documents/wp64.pdf">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF, 124 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=KiB&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="KiB — pagină inexistentă">KiB</a>)</span> la <time datetime="2008-06-24">24 iunie 2008</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-06-13">13 iunie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+contexts+of+Swiss+opposition+to+Europe&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Sussex+European+Institute&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Prof+Clive+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sussex.ac.uk%2Fsei%2Fdocuments%2Fwp64.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-121"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-121">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/03/blank/key/2001/01.Document.22675.pdf">„Volksinitiative "Ja zu Europa!"<i>”</i></a><i> [Inițiativa «Da Europei!»] <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF, 1.1 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Octet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Octet">MB</a>)</span> (în germană). BFS/OFS/UST. <time datetime="2003-02-13">13 februarie 2003</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-06-15">15 iunie 2008</time></span>.</i></cite><i><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Volksinitiative+%22Ja+zu+Europa%21%22&rft.pub=BFS%2FOFS%2FUST&rft.date=2003-02-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfs.admin.ch%2Fbfs%2Fportal%2Fde%2Findex%2Fthemen%2F17%2F03%2Fblank%2Fkey%2F2001%2F01.Document.22675.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></i></span></li> <li id="cite_note-122"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-122">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/03/blank/key/2001/01.Document.85488.xls">„Volksinitiative "Ja zu Europa!", nach Kantonen”</a> [Inițiativa «Da Europei!» pe cantoane.] <span style="font-size:85%;">(XLS)</span> (în germană). BFS/OFS/UST. <time datetime="2003-01-16">16 ianuarie 2003</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-06-15">15 iunie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Volksinitiative+%22Ja+zu+Europa%21%22%2C+nach+Kantonen.&rft.pub=BFS%2FOFS%2FUST&rft.date=2003-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfs.admin.ch%2Fbfs%2Fportal%2Fde%2Findex%2Fthemen%2F17%2F03%2Fblank%2Fkey%2F2001%2F01.Document.85488.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-123"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-123">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.europa.admin.ch/themen/00499/00503/index.html?lang%3Den">Switzerland and the European Union</a> europa.admin.ch. Retrieved on 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-124"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-124">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.euronews.net/2008/12/11/switzerland-in-schengen-end-to-passport-checks/">Switzerland in Schengen: end to passport checks</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090523154739/http://www.euronews.net/2008/12/11/switzerland-in-schengen-end-to-passport-checks/">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-05-23">23 mai 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. euronews.net. 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Strikes Deal on 'Stress Tests<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>”</a>. <time datetime="2011-05-25">25 mai 2011</time>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Switzerland+to+Phase+Out+Nuclear+Energy%3B+E.U.+Strikes+Deal+on+%27Stress+Tests%27&rft.date=2011-05-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sciencemag.org%2Fscienceinsider%2F2011%2F05%2Fswitzerland-to-phase-out-nuclear.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-129"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-129">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219184131/http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf86.html">„Nuclear Power in Switzerland”</a> [Energia nucleară în Elveția]. World Nuclear Association. noiembrie 2012. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf86.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2012-02-19">19 februarie 2012</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2013-01-10">10 ianuarie 2013</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nuclear+Power+in+Switzerland&rft.pub=World+Nuclear+Association&rft.date=2012-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.world-nuclear.org%2Finfo%2Finf86.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-130"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-130">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/11/05/blank/key/verkehrsleistungen/mengen.html">„Verkehrsleistungen – Daten, Indikatoren admin.ch (German)”</a>. Bfs.admin.ch. <time datetime="2010-03-25">25 martie 2010</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Verkehrsleistungen+%E2%80%93+Daten%2C+Indikatoren+admin.ch+%28German%29&rft.pub=Bfs.admin.ch&rft.date=2010-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfs.admin.ch%2Fbfs%2Fportal%2Fde%2Findex%2Fthemen%2F11%2F05%2Fblank%2Fkey%2Fverkehrsleistungen%2Fmengen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-131"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-131">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bav.admin.ch/dokumentation/publikationen/00475/01623/01624/index.html?lang%3Dde">Schienenverkehr</a> admin.ch (germană)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-132"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-132">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1276/">Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes</a> unesco.org</span></li> <li id="cite_note-133"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-133">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22802081/">Swiss sit atop ranking of greenest nations</a> msnbc.com. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-134"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-134">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://unfccc.int/parties_and_observers/parties/negotiating_groups/items/2714.php">Party grouping</a> unfccc.int. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-135"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-135">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">W3design. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100423183826/http://swissrecycling.ch/deutsch/wregel.htm">„Swiss Recycling”</a>. Swissrecycling.ch. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissrecycling.ch/deutsch/wregel.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2010-04-23">23 aprilie 2010</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swiss+Recycling&rft.pub=Swissrecycling.ch&rft.au=W3design&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissrecycling.ch%2Fdeutsch%2Fwregel.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-136"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-136">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stadtreinigung-bs.ch/page.php?lang%3D0%26sel%3D114">Stadtreinigung Basel-Stadt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701210357/http://www.stadtreinigung-bs.ch/page.php?lang%3D0%26sel%3D114">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2007-07-01">1 iulie 2007</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.—Pricelist bags and stickers</span></li> <li id="cite_note-137"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-137">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4620041.stm">„Recycling around the world”</a>. BBC. <time datetime="2005-06-25">25 iunie 2005</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2006-04-24">24 aprilie 2006</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Recycling+around+the+world&rft.date=2005-06-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F4620041.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-138"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-138">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stadtreinigung-bs.ch/data/0d1b64Sauberbuch2004.pdf">Richtig Entsorgen (Kanton Basel-Stadt)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124201644/http://www.stadtreinigung-bs.ch/data/0d1b64Sauberbuch2004.pdf">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-11-24">24 noiembrie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (1.6 <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=MiB&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="MiB — pagină inexistentă">MiB</a>)—Wilde Deponien sind verboten... Für die Beseitigung widerrechtlich deponierter Abfälle wird zudem eine Umtriebsgebühr von Fr. 200.– oder eine Busse erhoben (pagina 90)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-139"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-139">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.geschichteinchronologie.ch/welt/papiergeschichte.html">Istoria fabricării hârtiei</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501012441/http://www.geschichteinchronologie.ch/welt/papiergeschichte.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2011-05-01">1 mai 2011</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. în limba germană, accesat la 03-05-2011</span></li> <li id="cite_note-SEBAadev2014-11-23-140">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-SEBAadev2014-11-23_140-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-SEBAadev2014-11-23_140-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-SEBAadev2014-11-23_140-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://adevarul.ro/international/europa/conturile-fostilor-dictatori-control-1_50abcd4c7c42d5a663806937/index.html">Conturile foștilor dictatori, la control</a>, 7 decembrie 2008, Ana-Maria Vieru, <i>Adevărul</i>, accesat la 23 noiembrie 2014</span></li> <li id="cite_note-PATATadev2014-11-23-141">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-PATATadev2014-11-23_141-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-PATATadev2014-11-23_141-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://adevarul.ro/international/in-lume/vanatoare-cleptocrati-1_50b9fc527c42d5a663ae0865/index.html">Vânătoare de „cleptocrați“</a>, 20 ianuarie 2011, <i>Adevărul</i>, accesat la 23 noiembrie 2014</span></li> <li id="cite_note-federalstatistics-142">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-federalstatistics_142-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-federalstatistics_142-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Swiss Federal Statistical Office. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/05/blank/key/sprachen.html">„Languages and religions – Data, indicators”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2007-10-09">9 octombrie 2007</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Languages+and+religions+%E2%80%93+Data%2C+indicators&rft.au=Swiss+Federal+Statistical+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfs.admin.ch%2Fbfs%2Fportal%2Fen%2Findex%2Fthemen%2F01%2F05%2Fblank%2Fkey%2Fsprachen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"> Primul număr reprezintă ponderea limbii în totalul populației. Cea de a doua se referă doar la cetățenii elvețieni.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-143"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-143">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.parlament.ch/e/service-presse/parlamentsdienste/aufgaben/Pages/default.aspx">The Parliamentary Services</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113234418/http://www.parlament.ch/e/service-presse/parlamentsdienste/aufgaben/Pages/default.aspx">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-11-13">13 noiembrie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. parlament.ch. Accesat la 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-billete-144"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-billete_144-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228185550/http://mct.sbb.ch/mct/reisemarkt/billette/online-ticket.htm">„SBB: Billette – OnlineTicket”</a>. Mct.sbb.ch. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://mct.sbb.ch/mct/reisemarkt/billette/online-ticket.htm">original</a> la <time datetime="2009-02-28">28 februarie 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SBB%3A+Billette+%E2%80%93+OnlineTicket&rft.pub=Mct.sbb.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmct.sbb.ch%2Fmct%2Freisemarkt%2Fbillette%2Fonline-ticket.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-145"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-145">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/people/language/minorities_and_bilingualism/">Minorities and bilingualism</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-146"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-146">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/22/publ.Document.114724.pdf">Ausländerinnen und Ausländer in der Schweiz – Bericht 2008 (în germană)</a> (1196 KB), Biroul Federal Elvețian de Statistică, pagina 12.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-bfs.admin.ch-147">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-bfs.admin.ch_147-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-bfs.admin.ch_147-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/22/publ.Document.114724.pdf">Ausländerinnen und Ausländer in der Schweiz – Bericht 2008 (în germană)</a> (1196 KB), Biroul Federal Elvețian de Statistică, pagina 72.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-148"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-148">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/07/blank/key/01/01.Document.67321.xls">Populația străină în Elveția pe naționalități, 1980–2006 (în germană)</a>, Biroul Federal Elvețian de Statistică.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-149"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-149">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.humanrights.ch/en/Switzerland/Human-Rights-in-Internal-Affairs/Racism/Studies/idart_5119-content.html">Definitive report on racism in Switzerland by UN expert</a> humanrights.ch</span></li> <li id="cite_note-WHO-150"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-WHO_150-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.who.int/countries/che/en/index.html">Switzerland</a> who.int. Accesat la 2009-06-29</span></li> <li id="cite_note-151"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-151">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://apps.who.int/whosis/database/country/compare.cfm?strISO3_select%3DCHE%26strIndicator_select%3DLEX0Male,LEX0Female%26language%3Denglish%26order_by%3DFirstValue%2520DESC">Speranța de viață la naștere, 2006</a> who.int. Accesat la 2009-06-29</span></li> <li id="cite_note-152"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-152">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/52/36960035.pdf">OECD Health Data 2006</a> oecd.org. Accesat la 2009-06-29</span></li> <li id="cite_note-OECD-153">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-OECD_153-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-OECD_153-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/document/47/0,2340,en_2649_201185_37562223_1_1_1_1,00.html">OECD and WHO survey of Switzerland’s health system</a> oecd.org. Accesat la 2009-06-29</span></li> <li id="cite_note-154"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-154">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/geography/town_and_country_planning/where_people_live/">Where people live</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-06-26</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Cities-155">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cities_155-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cities_155-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cities_155-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cities_155-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Cities_155-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.are.admin.ch/dokumentation/00121/00224/index.html?lang%3Dde%26msg-id%3D27412">Städte und Agglomerationen unter der Lupe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815054502/http://www.are.admin.ch/dokumentation/00121/00224/index.html?lang%3Dde%26msg-id%3D27412">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-08-15">15 august 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. admin.ch. Accesat la 2009-06-26</span></li> <li id="cite_note-156"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-156">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/front/Swiss_countryside_succumbs_to_urban_sprawl.html?siteSect%3D106%26sid%3D9823369%26cKey%3D1223485367000%26ty%3Dst">Swiss countryside succumbs to urban sprawl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316174638/http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/front/Swiss_countryside_succumbs_to_urban_sprawl.html?siteSect%3D106%26sid%3D9823369%26cKey%3D1223485367000%26ty%3Dst">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2012-03-16">16 martie 2012</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. swissinfo.ch. Accesat la 2009-06-30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-157"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-157">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.gfs-zh.ch/content.php?pid%3D201%250A">Enquête représentative sur l’urbanisation de la Suisse (Pronatura)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430115919/http://www.gfs-zh.ch/content.php?pid%3D201%250A">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2011-04-30">30 aprilie 2011</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. gfs-zh.ch. Accesat la 2009-06-30</span></li> <li id="cite_note-158"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-158">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/geography/the_three_regions/the_swiss_plateau/">Swiss plateau</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-06-29</span></li> <li id="cite_note-159"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-159">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mercer.com/qualityofliving">Quality of living</a> mercer.com. Accesat la 2009-06-26</span></li> <li id="cite_note-160"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-160">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Tristan Dennone. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.lemondedesreligions.fr/actualite/l-atheisme-gagne-les-suisses-21-06-2012-2552_118.php">L'athéisme gagne en Suisse</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512235040/http://www.lemondedesreligions.fr/actualite/l-atheisme-gagne-les-suisses-21-06-2012-2552_118.php">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2016-05-12">12 mai 2016</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i>. Le Monde des Religions.fr</span></li> <li id="cite_note-161"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-161">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2004/35487.htm">International Religious Freedom Report 2004 – Switzerland</a>, U.S. Department of State.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-people-162"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-people_162-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515125247/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sz.html%23People">„CIA World Factbook section on Switzerland”</a>. Cia.gov. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sz.html%23People">original</a> la <time datetime="2020-05-15">15 mai 2020</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2011-05-29">29 mai 2011</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CIA+World+Factbook+section+on+Switzerland&rft.pub=Cia.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fsz.html%23People&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-FSO-163"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FSO_163-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bovay, Claude (decembrie 2004). „Introduction”. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/fr/index/news/publikationen.Document.50517.pdf"><i>Recensement fédéral de la population 2000</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (în franceză). Neuchâtel: Biroul Federal de Statistică. p. 132. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/3-303-16074-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/3-303-16074-0">3-303-16074-0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-08-21">21 august 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Recensement+f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ral+de+la+population+2000&rft.place=Neuch%C3%A2tel&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=Biroul+Federal+de+Statistic%C4%83&rft.date=2004-12&rft.isbn=3-303-16074-0&rft.aulast=Bovay&rft.aufirst=Claude&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfs.admin.ch%2Fbfs%2Fportal%2Ffr%2Findex%2Fnews%2Fpublikationen.Document.50517.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-164"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-164">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif/13px-Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 13px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif/13px-Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" data-width="13" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span><small> PDF </small>, Eurobarometer, June 2005.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-165"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-165">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Greeley, Andrew. 2003. Religion in Europe at the End of the Second Millennium. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers</span></li> <li id="cite_note-166"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-166">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89lis%C3%A9e_Reclus&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Élisée Reclus — pagină inexistentă">Reclus, Élisée</a> (<time datetime="1881">1881</time>). <i>The Earth and Its Inhabitants</i>. D. Appleton and Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Earth+and+Its+Inhabitants&rft.pub=D.+Appleton+and+Company&rft.date=1881&rft.aulast=Reclus&rft.aufirst=%C3%89lis%C3%A9e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-167"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-167">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.admin.ch/ch/d/pore/va/19800302/index.html">Volksabstimmung vom 2. März 1980</a> admin.ch. Accesat la 2010</span></li> <li id="cite_note-168"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-168">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/culture/">Swiss culture</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-12-01</span></li> <li id="cite_note-169"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-169">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://delche.ec.europa.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/Homepage_Dokumente/Presse_und_Information/Reden/2008-11-13_European_Year_of_Intercultural_Dialogue_2008__AFS_Intercultural_Programmes_Kaefigturm.pdf">European Year of Intercultural Dialogue</a><sup>[<i><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i>]</sup> Dr Michael Reiterer. Accesat la 2009-12-01</span></li> <li id="cite_note-170"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-170">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.traveldocs.com/ch/culture.htm">Switzerland: culture</a> traveldocs.com. Accesat la 2009-12-01</span></li> <li id="cite_note-171"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-171">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/leisure/relaxation/museums/">Museums</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-172"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-172">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/l/lucerne_festival/index.html">Lucerne Festival</a> nytimes.com. Accesat la 2010-12-15</span></li> <li id="cite_note-173"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-173">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nowpublic.com/culture/switzerland-s-prestigious-music-festival-montreux-jazz-festival">Switzerland’s Prestigious Music Festival-Montreux Jazz Festival</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706154314/http://www.nowpublic.com/culture/switzerland-s-prestigious-music-festival-montreux-jazz-festival">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-07-06">6 iulie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. nowpublic.com. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-174"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-174">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/culture/film/film_festivals/">Film festivals</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-175"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-175">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/culture/swissness/mountains_and_hedgehogs/">Mountains and hedgehogs</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-12-01</span></li> <li id="cite_note-176"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-176">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://journals.cambridge.org/download.php?file%3D%252FCSS%252FCSS40_04%252FS0010417598001686a.pdf%26code%3Df5973a22cda752eed69390f92ddf4fcd">In Search of Natural Identity: Alpine Landscape and the Reconstruction of the Swiss Nation</a>, Oliver Zimmer, London School of Economics and Political Science</span></li> <li id="cite_note-177"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-177">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/culture/music/folk_music/">Folk music</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-12-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-178"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-178">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.europe-cities.com/en/648/switzerland/culture/">Culture of Switzerland</a> europe-cities.com. Accesat la 2009-12-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-179"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-179">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cp-pc.ca/english/switzerland/">Art in literature</a> cp-pc.ca. Accesat la 2009-12-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-180"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-180">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Din <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>, ediția a XI-a, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/s:1911_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica/Switzerland/Literature" class="extiw" title="en:s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Switzerland/Literature">Literatura Elveției</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Literature-181">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Literature_181-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Literature_181-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Literature_181-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/culture/literature/german_speaking_authors/">Literature</a> swissworld.org, Accesat la 2009-06-23</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Media-182">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Media_182-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Media_182-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ch.ch/private/00085/00090/00479/00480/index.html?lang%3Den">Press and the media</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204150520/http://www.ch.ch/private/00085/00090/00479/00480/index.html?lang%3Den">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2008-12-04">4 decembrie 2008</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. ch.ch. Accesat la 2009-06-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Press-183">^ <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Press_183-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Press_183-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Press_183-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Press_183-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pressreference.com/Sw-Ur/Switzerland.html">Press in Switzerland</a> pressreference.com. Accesat la 2009-06-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-184"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-184">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.europe-cities.com/en/672/switzerland/sport/">Sport in Switzerland</a> europe-cities.com. Accesat la 2009-12-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-185"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-185">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.fibt.com/index.php?id%3D39">A brief history of bobsleigh</a> fibt.com. Accesat la 2009-11-02</span></li> <li id="cite_note-186"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-186">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.iihf.com/channels/iihf-world-championship-oc09/home-oc/tournament-information.html">„IIHF World Championships 2009 official website”</a>. Iihf.com. <time datetime="2009-05-10">10 mai 2009</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2010-04-29">29 aprilie 2010</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IIHF+World+Championships+2009+official+website&rft.pub=Iihf.com&rft.date=2009-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iihf.com%2Fchannels%2Fiihf-world-championship-oc09%2Fhome-oc%2Ftournament-information.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-187"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-187">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Geering. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114160452/http://www.hockeyarenas.net/index.php3?ctID%3Dch%26size%3D0%26page%3D0701%26c%3Deu%26ctID%3Deu%26atType%3D0%26show%3D25%26tdSaison%3D2011">„Hockeyarenas.net”</a>. Hockeyarenas.net. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hockeyarenas.net/index.php3?ctID%3Dch%26size%3D0%26page%3D0701%26c%3Deu%26ctID%3Deu%26atType%3D0%26show%3D25%26tdSaison%3D2011">original</a> la <time datetime="2012-01-14">14 ianuarie 2012</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2011-11-03">3 noiembrie 2011</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hockeyarenas.net&rft.pub=Hockeyarenas.net&rft.au=Geering&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hockeyarenas.net%2Findex.php3%3FctID%3Dch%26size%3D0%26page%3D0701%26c%3Deu%26ctID%3Deu%26atType%3D0%26show%3D25%26tdSaison%3D2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-188"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-188">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/gallery/featured/GAL1157546/1/index.htm">Roger Federer's Grand Slam Titles</a> sportsillustrated.cnn.com. Accesat la 2010-06-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-189"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-189">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Switzerland_lifts_ban_on_motor_racing">„Switzerland lifts ban on motor racing”</a>. GrandPrix.com & DueMotori.com. <time datetime="2007-06-06">6 iunie 2007</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2008-09-23">23 septembrie 2008</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Switzerland+lifts+ban+on+motor+racing&rft.pub=GrandPrix.com+%26+DueMotori.com&rft.date=2007-06-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikinews.org%2Fwiki%2FSwitzerland_lifts_ban_on_motor_racing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AElve%C8%9Bia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span></li> <li id="cite_note-190"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-190">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissroots.org/swissroots/en/stories/heritage/Heritage/Swiss%2520Customs/Hornussen%2520Baseball%2520Swissstyle">Hornussen</a> swissroots.org. Accesat la 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-191"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-191">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.interlaken.ch/erlebnisse/sommer/festivals/unspunnenfest/tradition-und-geschichte.html?L%3D3">Tradition and history</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706234615/http://www.interlaken.ch/erlebnisse/sommer/festivals/unspunnenfest/tradition-und-geschichte.html?L%3D3">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2011-07-06">6 iulie 2011</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. interlaken.ch. Accesat la 2010-01-25</span></li> <li id="cite_note-192"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-192">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.theworldwidegourmet.com/countries/flavors-of-switzerland/">Flavors of Switzerland</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090720054343/http://www.theworldwidegourmet.com/countries/flavors-of-switzerland/">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-07-20">20 iulie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. theworldwidegourmet.com. Accesat la 2009-06-24</span></li> <li id="cite_note-193"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-193">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://servicesv2.webmichelin.com/frontnews/servlet/GetElement?elementCode%3D56670">Michelin Guide Switzerland 2010 attests to the high quality of gourmet cooking with one new 2 star restaurant and 8 new one star</a> Press information, Michelin. Accesat la 2009-12-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-194"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-194">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.usatoday.com/travel/destinations/2005-04-26-swiss-food_x.htm">Swiss region serves up food with star power</a> usatoday.com. Accesat la 2009-12-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-195"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-195">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swissworld.org/en/switzerland/swiss_specials/swiss_chocolate/swiss_breakthroughs/">Chocolate</a> swissworld.org. Accesat la 2009-06-24</span></li> <li id="cite_note-196"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-196">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.germanworldonline.com/index.php/swisschocolatehistory/">Swiss Chocolate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104115936/http://www.germanworldonline.com/index.php/swisschocolatehistory/">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-01-04">4 ianuarie 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. germanworldonline.com. Accesat la 2010-06-14</span></li> <li id="cite_note-197"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-197">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.swisswine.ch/english/bienv/main.asp">Wine-producing Switzerland in short</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409084726/http://www.swisswine.ch/english/bienv/main.asp">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2009-04-09">9 aprilie 2009</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. swisswine.ch. Accesat la 2009-06-24</span></li> <li id="cite_note-198"><b><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-198">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.winebiz.com.au/statistics/world.asp">Table 38. Top wine consuming nations per capita, 2006</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818001813/http://www.winebiz.com.au/statistics/world.asp">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2010-08-18">18 august 2010</time>, la <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. winebiz.com. Accesat la 2010-06-14</span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=34&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul> <li>Church, Clive H. (2004) <i>The Politics and Government of Switzerland</i> [<i>Politica și guvernarea Elveției</i>]. Palgrave Macmillan. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0333692772?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-333-69277-2</a>.</li> <li>Dalton, O.M. (1927) <i>The History of the Franks, by Gregory of Tours</i> [<i>Istoria francilor, de Gregory din Tours</i>]. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.</li> <li>Fahrni, Dieter. (2003) <i>An Outline History of Switzerland. From the Origins to the Present Day</i> [<i>Repere ale istoriei Elveției. De la origini până în ziua de astăzi</i>]. Ediția a VIII-a, extinsă. Pro Helvetia, Zürich. <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/3908102618?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-908102-61-8</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical Dictionary of Switzerland">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a> [<i>Dicționar istoric al Elveției</i>] (2002–). Publicat electronic și tipărit simultan în cele trei limbi naționale din Elveția.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=35&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpii_Elve%C8%9Bieni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alpii Elvețieni">Alpii Elvețieni</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Limbile_Elve%C8%9Biei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Limbile Elveției">Limbile Elveției</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/List%C4%83_de_ora%C8%99e_din_Elve%C8%9Bia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Listă de orașe din Elveția">Listă de orașe din Elveția</a></li> <li><a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Locuri_din_patrimoniul_mondial_UNESCO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Locuri din patrimoniul mondial UNESCO">Locuri din patrimoniul mondial UNESCO</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=edit&section=36&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modificare</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9); color:var(--color-base, #000); width: 230px; padding: 2px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"> <noscript> <img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Commons" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Commons </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div style="margin-left: 35px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;"> <a href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" class="extiw" title="commons:Switzerland">Elveția</a></b> </div> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.admin.ch/">Situl oficial al Confederației Elvețiene</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.winterreisen.de/ski_ch.htm">Situl „Alpii”</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.myswitzerland.com">Vizitează Elveția</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.descopera.ro/travelling/2336113-elvetia-sau-despre-unitatea-diversitatii">Elveția sau despre unitatea diversității</a>, 16 ianuarie 2008, Georgiana Fefea, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.amosnews.ro/arhiva/ziua-nationala-elvetiei-01-08-2010">Ziua Națională a Elveției</a>, 1 august 2010, <i>Amos News</i></li> </ul> <p><br></p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16513826"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16513826"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16513826"> <p><br></p><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐dkkj5 Cached time: 20241123123058 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.700 seconds Real time usage: 2.435 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 11417/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 315334/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 76347/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 21/100 Expensive parser function count: 20/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 308468/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.899/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 17940208/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 24/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1962.425 1 -total 49.77% 976.774 1 Format:Infocaseta_Țară 6.28% 123.220 5 Format:Casetă_de_navigare_simplă 6.06% 118.981 36 Format:Cite_web 4.41% 86.500 1 Format:It 2.85% 55.849 15 Format:Citat_web 2.45% 48.014 1 Format:Control_de_autoritate 2.32% 45.538 1 Format:Europa_latină 2.24% 43.923 1 Format:Subiecte_Elveția 2.14% 41.961 30 Format:Webarchive --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key rowiki:pcache:idhash:10186-0!canonical and timestamp 20241123123058 and revision id 16662027. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </section> </div><!-- MobileFormatter took 0.076 seconds --><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DElve%C8%9Bia%26oldid%3D16662027">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elveția&oldid=16662027</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ro-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elve%C8%9Bia&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Valentin JJ." data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1731531569"> <span>Ultima modificare pe 13 noiembrie 2024, la 22:59</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Limbi</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B0" title="Швеицариа – abhază" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Швеицариа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abhază" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5" title="Швейцарие – adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Швейцарие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switserland" title="Switserland – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Switserland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%258B%258A%25E1%258B%2598%25E1%2588%25AD%25E1%2588%258B%25E1%258A%2595%25E1%258B%25B5" title="ስዊዘርላንድ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ስዊዘርላንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suiza" title="Suiza – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Suiza" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swissland" title="Swissland – engleză veche" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Swissland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="engleză veche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwizalan" title="Siwizalan – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Siwizalan" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विट्जरलैंड – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="स्विट्जरलैंड" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="سويسرا – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سويسرا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25A3%25DC%2598%25DC%259D%25DC%25A3%25DC%25AA%25DC%2590" title="ܣܘܝܣܪܐ – aramaică" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܘܝܣܪܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramaică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="سويسرا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سويسرا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7" title="سويسرا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سويسرا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259B%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A7%25B0%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25A3%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A1" title="ছুইজাৰলেণ্ড – asameză" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ছুইজাৰলেণ্ড" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suiza" title="Suiza – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Suiza" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – avară" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiza" title="Swiza – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Swiza" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BC%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विट्ज़रलैंड – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="स्विट्ज़रलैंड" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switsira" title="Switsira – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Switsira" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0sve%25C3%25A7r%25C9%2599" title="İsveçrə – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İsveçrə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3" title="سوئیس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوئیس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0veicar%25C4%2597j%25C4%2597" title="Šveicarėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Šveicarėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisa" title="Suisa – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Suisa" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Швейцарыя – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Швейцарыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%258F" title="Швайцарыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Швайцарыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switserlan" title="Switserlan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Switserlan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विट्जरलैंड – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="स्विट्जरलैंड" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiselan" title="Swiselan – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Swiselan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2581%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2591%25E1%2580%25AE" title="သွိသာလန်ခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သွိသာလန်ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A1" title="সুইজারল্যান্ড – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সুইজারল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BD%25B4%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BC%258D" title="སུད་སི། – tibetană" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སུད་སི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A1" title="সুইজারল্যান্ড – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সুইজারল্যান্ড" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suis" title="Suis – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Suis" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0vicarska" title="Švicarska – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Švicarska" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25A8%2594%25E1%25A8%2593%25E1%25A8%2597%25E1%25A8%2594%25E1%25A8%2594" title="ᨔᨓᨗᨔᨔ – bugineză" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨔᨓᨗᨔᨔ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="bugineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8" title="Швейцари – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Швейцари" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%25C3%25AFssa" title="Suïssa – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Suïssa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suiza" title="Suiza – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Suiza" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C3%25B4i-s%25C3%25AA%25CC%25A4%25E1%25B9%25B3" title="Sôi-sê̤ṳ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sôi-sê̤ṳ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8" title="Швейцари – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Швейцари" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasod_nga_Swiss" title="Nasod nga Swiss – cebuană" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Nasod nga Swiss" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258F%258D%25E1%258F%25AB%25E1%258F%258D" title="ᏍᏫᏍ – cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏍᏫᏍ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3" title="سویس – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سویس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgu%25C3%25ACzzera" title="Sguìzzera – corsicană" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Sguìzzera" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corsicană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0svi%25C3%25A7re" title="İsviçre – turcă crimeeană" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İsviçre" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcă crimeeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0v%25C3%25BDcarsko" title="Švýcarsko – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Švýcarsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szwajcarsk%25C3%25B4" title="Szwajcarskô – cașubiană" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Szwajcarskô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="cașubiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D1%2594%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Свицєра – slavonă" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Свицєра" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8" title="Швейцари – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Швейцари" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Swistir" title="Y Swistir – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Swistir" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0swi%25C3%25A7re" title="İswiçre – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İswiçre" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0wica%25C5%2595ska" title="Šwicaŕska – sorabă de jos" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Šwicaŕska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="sorabă de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विजरल्याण्ड – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="स्विजरल्याण्ड" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%2590%25DE%25AA%25DE%2588%25DE%25A8%25DE%2592%25DE%25A6%25DE%258D%25DE%25AD%25DE%2582%25DE%25B0%25DE%2591%25DE%25AA" title="ސުވިޒަލޭންޑު – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސުވިޒަލޭންޑު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BD%25B4%25E0%25BD%25A0%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BD%258A%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%259B%25E0%25BD%25A2%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BD%25BA%25E0%25BD%2593%25E0%25BC%258B" title="སུའིཊ་ཛར་ལེན་ – dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="སུའིཊ་ཛར་ལེན་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2595%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B2%25CE%25B5%25CF%2584%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1" title="Ελβετία – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ελβετία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%25C3%25A9zzra" title="Svézzra – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Svézzra" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svislando" title="Svislando – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Svislando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suiza" title="Suiza – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Suiza" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0veits" title="Šveits – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Šveits" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suitza" title="Suitza – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Suitza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui%25C3%25A7a" title="Suiça – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Suiça" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3" title="سوئیس – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوئیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwis" title="Suwis – fulah" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Suwis" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fulah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveitsi" title="Sveitsi – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sveitsi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveits" title="Sveits – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Sveits" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveis" title="Sveis – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sveis" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisse" title="Suisse – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Suisse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisse" title="Suisse – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Suisse" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaits" title="Swaits – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Swaits" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svuizare" title="Svuizare – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Svuizare" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switserl%25C3%25A2n" title="Switserlân – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Switserlân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Eilv%25C3%25A9is" title="An Eilvéis – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Eilvéis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elve%25C5%25A3iya" title="Elveţiya – găgăuză" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Elveţiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="găgăuză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swis" title="Swis – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Swis" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Eilbheis" title="An Eilbheis – gaelică scoțiană" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Eilbheis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelică scoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%25C3%25ADza" title="Suíza – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Suíza" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25DB%258A%25D8%25A6%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3" title="سۊئيس – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سۊئيس" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%25C3%25ADsa" title="Suísa – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Suísa" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्वित्झर्लंड – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="स्वित्झर्लंड" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258C%25B7%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25B9%25F0%2590%258C%25BB%25F0%2590%258C%25B1%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25B9%25F0%2590%258D%2584%25F0%2590%258C%25BE%25F0%2590%258C%25B0" title="𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰 – gotică" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%25B8%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25B5%25E0%25AA%25BF%25E0%25AA%25A4%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%259D%25E0%25AA%25B0%25E0%25AA%25B2%25E0%25AB%2585%25E0%25AA%25A8%25E0%25AB%258D%25E0%25AA%25A1" title="સ્વિત્ઝરલૅન્ડ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સ્વિત્ઝરલૅન્ડ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Elveeish" title="Yn Elveeish – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Elveeish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui-s%25E1%25B9%25B3" title="Sui-sṳ – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sui-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuikilani" title="Kuikilani – hawaiiană" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kuikilani" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A9%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%25A5" title="שווייץ – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שווייץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BC%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्विट्ज़रलैण्ड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0vicarska" title="Švicarska – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Švicarska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0wicarska" title="Šwicarska – sorabă de sus" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Šwicarska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="sorabă de sus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swis" title="Swis – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Swis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%25C3%25A1jc" title="Svájc – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Svájc" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2587%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A5%25D5%25B5%25D6%2581%25D5%25A1%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1" title="Շվեյցարիա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շվեյցարիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B6%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25AB%25D6%2581%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1" title="Զուիցերիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Զուիցերիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switza" title="Switza – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Switza" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svissia" title="Svissia – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Svissia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisa" title="Suisa – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Suisa" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D1%2583%25D0%25B2%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D1%258C%25D0%25B5" title="Шувцарехье – ingușă" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Шувцарехье" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingușă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisia" title="Suisia – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Suisia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sviss" title="Sviss – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sviss" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svizzera" title="Svizzera – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Svizzera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25B9%25E3%2582%25A4%25E3%2582%25B9" title="スイス – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スイス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suitsalan" title="Suitsalan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Suitsalan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/elvetias" title="elvetias – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="elvetias" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switserlan" title="Switserlan – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Switserlan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A8%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590" title="შვეიცარია – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შვეიცარია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shveycariya" title="Shveycariya – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Shveycariya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taswist" title="Taswist – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Taswist" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D1%2583%25D1%258D%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%258D" title="Шуэцарэ – kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Шуэцарэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwiisi" title="Suwiisi – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Suwiisi" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shwit" title="Shwit – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Shwit" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisi" title="Suisi – congoleză" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Suisi" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="congoleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swissland" title="Swissland – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Swissland" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259F%2592%25E1%259E%259C%25E1%259E%25B8%25E1%259E%259F" title="ស្វីស – khmeră" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ស្វីស" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%259C%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B2%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%2582%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಸ್ವಿಟ್ಜರ್ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸ್ವಿಟ್ಜರ್ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%258A%25A4%25EC%259C%2584%25EC%258A%25A4" title="스위스 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스위스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D1%2581%25D0%25BC%25D1%2583" title="Швайсму – komi-permiak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Швайсму" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – karaceai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaceai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%25C3%25AEsre" title="Swîsre – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Swîsre" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swistir" title="Swistir – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Swistir" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helvetia" title="Helvetia – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Helvetia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisa" title="Suisa – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Suisa" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schw%25C3%25A4iz" title="Schwäiz – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schwäiz" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suiz" title="Suiz – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Suiz" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zwitserland" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svissea" title="Svissea – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Svissea" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svizra" title="Svizra – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Svizra" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%25C3%25ACzzera" title="Svìzzera – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Svìzzera" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swisi" title="Swisi – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Swisi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%259B%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%2597%25E0%25BA%2594%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BA%25A7%25E0%25BA%25B4%25E0%25BA%2594%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%258A%25E0%25BA%25B5%25E0%25BB%2581%25E0%25BA%25A5%25E0%25BA%2599%25E0%25BA%2594%25E0%25BB%258C" title="ປະເທດສະວິດເຊີແລນດ໌ – laoțiană" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດສະວິດເຊີແລນດ໌" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0veicarija" title="Šveicarija – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šveicarija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0veicareja" title="Šveicareja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Šveicareja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0veice" title="Šveice – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šveice" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – madureză" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madureză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विट्जरल्यान्ड – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="स्विट्जरल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швайцария – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Швайцария" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soisa" title="Soisa – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Soisa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9" title="Швейцарий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Швейцарий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huiterangi" title="Huiterangi – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Huiterangi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss" title="Swiss – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Swiss" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D1%2598%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0" title="Швајцарија – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Швајцарија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B5%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%25BC%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%258D" title="സ്വിറ്റ്സർലാന്റ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്വിറ്റ്സർലാന്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Швейцар – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Швейцар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%2581%25EA%25AF%25AD%25EA%25AF%258B%25EA%25AF%25A4%25EA%25AF%25A0%25EA%25AF%2593%25EA%25AF%2594%25EA%25AF%2582%25EA%25AF%25A6%25EA%25AF%259F" title="ꯁ꯭ꯋꯤꯠꯓꯔꯂꯦꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁ꯭ꯋꯤꯠꯓꯔꯂꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्वित्झर्लंड – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्वित्झर्लंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25BBvizzera" title="Żvizzera – malteză" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Żvizzera" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%25C3%25AD%25C3%25A7a" title="Suíça – mirandeză" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Suíça" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2586%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2587%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25B6" title="ဆွစ်ဇာလန်နိုင်ငံ – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆွစ်ဇာလန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Швейцария Мастор – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Швейцария Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3" title="سوییس – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سوییس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sguizzera" title="Sguizzera – napolitană" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Sguizzera" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiez" title="Swiez – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Swiez" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwitserlaand" title="Zwitserlaand – saxona de jos" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Zwitserlaand" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="saxona de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विट्जरल्यान्ड – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="स्विट्जरल्यान्ड" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A6" title="स्वित्जरल्यान्द – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="स्वित्जरल्यान्द" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwitserland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveits" title="Sveits – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sveits" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveits" title="Sveits – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sveits" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisia" title="Suisia – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Suisia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisse" title="Suisse – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Suisse" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – sotho de nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho de nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzi%25C5%2582l%25C3%25A1tah_Bilag%25C3%25A1ana_Bik%25C3%25A9yah" title="Dziłlátah Bilagáana Bikéyah – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dziłlátah Bilagáana Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%25C3%25AFssa" title="Soïssa – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Soïssa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0veitsarii" title="Šveitsarii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Šveitsarii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siwiizerlaandi" title="Siwiizerlaandi – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Siwiizerlaandi" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%25B8%25E0%25AD%2581%25E0%25AC%2587%25E0%25AC%259C%25E0%25AC%25B0%25E0%25AC%25B2%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AD%259F%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%25A3%25E0%25AD%258D%25E0%25AC%25A1" title="ସୁଇଜରଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସୁଇଜରଲ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8" title="Швейцари – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Швейцари" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25B5%25E0%25A8%25BF%25E0%25A8%259F%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A8%2582%25E0%25A8%25A1" title="ਸਵਿਟਜ਼ਰਲੈਂਡ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਵਿਟਜ਼ਰਲੈਂਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%25C3%25ADsa" title="Suísa – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Suísa" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisa" title="Suisa – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Suisa" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisse" title="Suisse – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Suisse" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%25A1" title="स्विटजरलैंड – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="स्विटजरलैंड" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switsaland" title="Switsaland – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Switsaland" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szwajcaria" title="Szwajcaria – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szwajcaria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%25C3%25ACssera" title="Svìssera – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Svìssera" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D9%25B9%25D8%25B2%25D8%25B1%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DA%2588" title="سویٹزرلینڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سویٹزرلینڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2595%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B2%25CE%25B5%25CF%2584%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1" title="Ελβετία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ελβετία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25B3" title="سويس – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سويس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%25C3%25AD%25C3%25A7a" title="Suíça – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Suíça" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwisa" title="Suwisa – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Suwisa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svizra" title="Svizra – romanșă" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Svizra" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanșă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elveciya" title="Elveciya – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Elveciya" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuswisi" title="Ubuswisi – kirundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Ubuswisi" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="kirundi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikirundi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C8%2598vai%25C8%259B%25C3%25A3" title="Șvaițã – aromână" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Șvaițã" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromână" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svizzere" title="Svizzere – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Svizzere" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586" title="Швайц – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Швайц" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubusuwisi" title="Ubusuwisi – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubusuwisi" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A3%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A5%258D" title="स्विट्झर्ल्याण्ड् – sanscrită" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="स्विट्झर्ल्याण्ड्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrită" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25A5%25E1%25B1%25A9%25E1%25B1%25AD%25E1%25B1%25A1%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25A8%25E1%25B1%259E%25E1%25B1%25AE%25E1%25B1%25B1%25E1%25B1%25B0" title="ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isv%25C3%25ACtzera" title="Isvìtzera – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Isvìtzera" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%25C3%25ACzzira" title="Svìzzira – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Svìzzira" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swisserland" title="Swisserland – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Swisserland" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25A6%25D9%258A%25D8%25B2%25D8%25B1%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25DA%258A" title="سوئيزرلينڊ – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سوئيزرلينڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveica" title="Sveica – sami de nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Sveica" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami de nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0vicarska" title="Švicarska – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Švicarska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swisra" title="Swisra – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Swisra" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25B0%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%259D%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2588%25E1%2581%25B8%25E1%2582%2583%25E1%2582%2587%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2582%2585%25E1%2581%25BC%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2587" title="မိူင်းသဝိတ်ႈၸႃႇလႅၼ်ႇ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းသဝိတ်ႈၸႃႇလႅၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25A7%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25AD%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="ස්විට්සර්ලන්තය – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ස්විට්සර්ලන්තය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0vaj%25C4%258Diarsko" title="Švajčiarsko – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Švajčiarsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D9%25B9%25D8%25B2%25D8%25B1_%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DA%2588" title="سویٹزر لینڈ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سویٹزر لینڈ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0vica" title="Švica – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Švica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suitiselani" title="Suitiselani – samoană" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Suitiselani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="samoană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveicci" title="Sveicci – sami inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Sveicci" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vusvwisi" title="Vusvwisi – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Vusvwisi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iswisarland" title="Iswisarland – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Iswisarland" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvicra" title="Zvicra – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zvicra" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D1%2598%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Швајцарска – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Швајцарска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiskondre" title="Swiskondre – sranan tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Swiskondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISwizalendi" title="ISwizalendi – swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="ISwizalendi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaits" title="Swaits – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Swaits" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suis" title="Suis – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Suis" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweiz" title="Schweiz – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Schweiz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uswisi" title="Uswisi – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uswisi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szwajcaryjo" title="Szwajcaryjo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Szwajcaryjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25B5%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%259F%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25A8%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%2581" title="சுவிட்சர்லாந்து – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுவிட்சர்லாந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%259D%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D%25E2%2580%258C%25E0%25B2%25B2%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%2582%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಸ್ವಿಟ್ಝರ್ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಸ್ವಿಟ್ಝರ್ಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%259C%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%2582%25E0%25B0%25A1%25E0%25B1%258D" title="స్విట్జర్లాండ్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="స్విట్జర్లాండ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisa" title="Suisa – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Suisa" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейсария – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Швейсария" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%258C%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2594%25E0%25B9%258C" title="ประเทศสวิตเซอร์แลนด์ – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศสวิตเซอร์แลนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%258B%258A%25E1%258B%2598%25E1%2588%25AD%25E1%2588%258B%25E1%258A%2595%25E1%258B%25B5" title="ስዊዘርላንድ – tigrină" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ስዊዘርላንድ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%259Ewe%25C3%25BDsari%25C3%25BDa" title="Şweýsariýa – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şweýsariýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwisa" title="Suwisa – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Suwisa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isvecr%25C9%2599" title="Isvecrə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Isvecrə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suisilani" title="Suisilani – tongană" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Suisilani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwisalan" title="Suwisalan – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Suwisalan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0svi%25C3%25A7re" title="İsviçre – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İsviçre" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Switzerland" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – tuvană" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Швейцария – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Швейцария" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B4%25DB%258B%25DB%2590%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2589%25D9%258A%25DB%2595" title="شۋېتسارىيە – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شۋېتسارىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A8%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B9%25D1%2586%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Швейцарія – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Швейцарія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D9%25B9%25D8%25B2%25D8%25B1%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DA%2588" title="سویٹزرلینڈ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سویٹزرلینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shveysariya" title="Shveysariya – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shveysariya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%25C3%25ACsara" title="Svìsara – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Svìsara" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%25A0veicarii" title="Šveicarii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Šveicarii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%25E1%25BB%25A5y_S%25C4%25A9" title="Thụy Sĩ – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thụy Sĩ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Zwitserland" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jveiz%25C3%25A4n" title="Jveizän – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Jveizän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swisse" title="Swisse – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Swisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiza" title="Swiza – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Swiza" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwis" title="Suwis – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Suwis" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2591%259E%25E5%25A3%25AB" title="瑞士 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="瑞士" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A1%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%259D%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B8%25D1%2586%25D3%2599%25D0%25BD" title="Свисин Ниицән – calmucă" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Свисин Ниицән" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="calmucă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switserii" title="Switserii – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Switserii" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A8%25E1%2583%2595%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590" title="შვეიცარია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="შვეიცარია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A9%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%25A5" title="שווייץ – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שווייץ" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%25C3%25ADts%25C3%25A0land%25C3%25AC" title="Swítsàlandì – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Swítsàlandì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyeiqswq" title="Nyeiqswq – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Nyeiqswq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Zwitserland" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B5%2599%25E2%25B5%25A1%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B5%2599%25E2%25B5%2594%25E2%25B4%25B0" title="ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ – tamazight standard marocană" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight standard marocană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2591%259E%25E5%25A3%25AB" title="瑞士 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瑞士" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2591%259E%25E5%25A3%25AB" title="瑞士 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="瑞士" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%25C5%25ABi-se" title="Sūi-se – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sūi-se" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2591%259E%25E5%25A3%25AB" title="瑞士 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="瑞士" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 13 noiembrie 2024, ora 22:59.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Conținutul este disponibil sub <a 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