Géographie humaine et économique - Classification thématique

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href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/geographie-de-la-population/"> <h3 class="flex-grow-1"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Géographie de la population </h3> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 18 articles </span> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 43 médias </span> </a> <a class="list-group-item d-block d-md-flex" title="Classification : Géographie de la pêche et de l'aquaculture" href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/geographie-de-la-peche-et-de-l-aquaculture/"> <h3 class="flex-grow-1"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Géographie de la pêche et de l'aquaculture </h3> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 7 articles </span> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 9 médias </span> </a> <a class="list-group-item d-block d-md-flex" title="Classification : Géographie des activités tertiaires" href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/geographie-des-activites-tertiaires/"> <h3 class="flex-grow-1"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Géographie des activités tertiaires </h3> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 1 article </span> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 1 média </span> </a> <a class="list-group-item d-block d-md-flex" title="Classification : Géographie des transports" href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/geographie-des-transports/"> <h3 class="flex-grow-1"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Géographie des transports </h3> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 6 sous-thèmes </span> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 105 articles </span> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 28 médias </span> </a> <a class="list-group-item d-block d-md-flex" title="Classification : Géographie industrielle" href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/geographie-industrielle/"> <h3 class="flex-grow-1"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-chevron-right"></i> Géographie industrielle </h3> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 36 articles </span> <span class="badge bg-light text-dark rounded-pill mx-1 fw-normal text-sm"> 3 médias </span> </a> </div> </section> <section class="mb-5"> <i id="classification-articles" class="anchor"></i> <h2 class="minor"> Articles </h2> <ul class="list-group"> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/france-le-territoire-et-les-hommes-espace-et-societe/"> <span class="rg">FRANCE - </span><span class="rm">(Le territoire et les hommes) - Espace et société</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Magali REGHEZZA</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">14 014 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">4 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : FRANCE - (Le territoire et les hommes) - Espace et soci&eacute;t&eacute;" href="/encyclopedie/france-le-territoire-et-les-hommes-espace-et-societe/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="France : carte physique - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/d/5/csm_at006904_2eb84cd499.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> Placée au cinquième rang mondial et au deuxième rang européen pour son revenu par habitant, la France est une puissance économique, culturelle, militaire et diplomatique. Membre fondateur de l’Union européenne (UE) et artisan actif de l’intégration, elle conserve une influence importante dans le...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/afrique-structure-et-milieu-geographie-generale/"> <span class="rg">AFRIQUE </span><span class="rm">(Structure et milieu) - Géographie générale</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Roland POURTIER</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">24 465 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">27 médias </li> </ul> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>L'Afrique couvre environ 30 300 000 kilomètres carrés pour une population de 1,4 milliard d'habitants en 2023. Située entre 37<sup>°</sup> 21' de latitude nord et 34<sup>°</sup> 51' de latitude sud, elle est comprise pour l'essentiel dans la zone tropicale, et se partage entre zones à climats chauds...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/allemagne-geographie-geographie-economique-et-regionale/"> <span class="rg">ALLEMAGNE </span><span class="rm">(Géographie) - Géographie économique et régionale</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Guillaume LACQUEMENT</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">12 049 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">10 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : ALLEMAGNE (G&eacute;ographie) - G&eacute;ographie &eacute;conomique et r&eacute;gionale" href="/encyclopedie/allemagne-geographie-geographie-economique-et-regionale/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Allemagne : carte administrative - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/f/a/csm_at000503_015642d10c.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p><em>L'Allemagne de Berlin : différente et semblable</em> : le titre de l'ouvrage du politologue Alfred Grosser (2002) exprime les paradoxes de la construction historique du pays et renvoie à leurs multiples implications sur l'organisation territoriale. Finalistes et déterministes, les théories explicatives...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/asie-geographie-humaine-et-regionale-espaces-et-societes/"> <span class="rg">ASIE </span><span class="rm">(Géographie humaine et régionale) - Espaces et sociétés</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Philippe PELLETIER</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">23 142 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">4 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : ASIE (G&eacute;ographie humaine et r&eacute;gionale) - Espaces et soci&eacute;t&eacute;s" href="/encyclopedie/asie-geographie-humaine-et-regionale-espaces-et-societes/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Asie : population - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/f/d/csm_ca070374_7dc87151d4.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Les bouleversements géopolitiques intervenus au cours du <span class="pc">xx</span><sup>e</sup> siècle poussent la <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Dans le système solaire , notre planète ne ressemble à aucune autre. Mercure, Vénus et Mars sont, il est vrai, constituées de roches analogues à celles de la Terre ; Vénus et Mars sont entourées d'une atmosphère, mais celle-ci est fort différente de la nôtre, pourvue d'oxygène. La composition de l'atmosphère terrestre explique que les températures, dans les couches inférieures, y ..." title="Article : GÉOGRAPHIE" href="/encyclopedie/geographie/">géographie</a> à redéfinir le monde. En effet, le découpage en grands ensembles spatiaux correspondant peu ou prou aux masses continentales, auquel les savants, surtout européens, ont contribué depuis le <span class="pc">xvi</span><sup>e</sup> siècle,...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/bourgogne/"> <span class="rg">BOURGOGNE</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Robert CHAPUIS</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">2 249 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">5 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : BOURGOGNE" href="/encyclopedie/bourgogne/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Bourgogne : carte administrative&nbsp;avant réforme - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/e/1/csm_at100503_9f4ecae18c.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Créée dans les années 1960 au moment du rééquilibrage entre <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Un certain nombre de villes du monde ont donné naissance à des mythes ; quelques-uns ont acquis une portée universelle, en se détachant des caractères fondamentaux du pays lui-même pour exalter la Ville en tant qu'individu. Il en est ainsi de Rome et de Paris . On a maintes fois signalé cette sorte de familiarité amoureuse, avec ses éclats de haine ou d'adoration, que Paris a toujou..." title="Article : PARIS" href="/encyclopedie/paris/">Paris</a> et la province, la Bourgogne est, depuis le 1<sup>er</sup> janvier 2016, regroupée avec la <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Région historique et administrative de l’Est de la France jusqu’au 31 décembre 2015, la Franche-Comté a fusionné avec la Bourgogne en 2016 pour former la nouvelle région Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.. La région Franche-Comté, qui regroupait les départements du Doubs, du Jura , de la Haute-Saône et du Territoire de Belfort, n'apparaissait qu'au dix-septième rang des régions fran�..." title="Article : FRANCHE-COMTÉ" href="/encyclopedie/franche-comte/">Franche-Comté</a> au sein d’une même région, nommée Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. La Bourgogne, qui était jusqu’alors la sixième région française par sa...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/canada-espace-et-societe/"> <span class="rg">CANADA - </span><span class="rm">Espace et société</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Anne GILBERT</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">12 678 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">5 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : CANADA - Espace et soci&eacute;t&eacute;" href="/encyclopedie/canada-espace-et-societe/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Montréal, Canada - crédits : Šarūnas Burdulis/ Flickr ; CC BY-SA 2.0" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/f/f/csm_fr0183_e25e2a6710.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Quiconque parcourt le Canada, ne serait-ce qu’en observant une carte, prend conscience de l’immensité du pays. Plus de 5 514 kilomètres séparent sa façade orientale, sur l’Atlantique, de sa côte occidentale, sur le Pacifique. En outre, le peuplement y est loin d’être continu, même sur sa frange sud,...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/catalogne/"> <span class="rg">CATALOGNE</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Mathilde BENSOUSSAN</span> , <span rel="author">Christian CAMPS</span> , <span rel="author">John COROMINAS</span> , <span rel="author">Marcel DURLIAT</span> , <span rel="author">Robert FERRAS</span> , <span rel="author">Jean MOLAS</span> et <span rel="author">Jean-Paul VOLLE</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">22 274 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">8 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : CATALOGNE" href="/encyclopedie/catalogne/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Espagne : carte administrative - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/d/e/csm_at006203_f2bc1d36ec.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>Région historique de l'Espagne, ancienne province romaine appelée ensuite Gothalonia par les <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Venus de Scandinavie , les Goths s'établissent sur les bords de la mer Noire au II e siècle. Après deux siècles de raids et de batailles dans les Balkans et en Europe centrale, ils se séparent en deux branches distinctes, les Ostrogoths et les Wisigoths. À partir du iii e siècle, ces derniers errent dans l'Empire romain, avant de se stabiliser, vers 412, dans le sud-ouest de la ..." title="Article : WISIGOTHS ou VISIGOTHS" href="/encyclopedie/wisigoths-visigoths/">Wisigoths</a> qui en firent la conquête, la Communauté autonome de Catalogne (Catalunya en catalan, Cataluña en castillan) comprend les quatre provinces de Gérone (Gerona), <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="La ville de Tarragone, en Catalogne , est traversée par la voie de communication la plus ancienne et la plus fréquentée qui relie l'Espagne à l'Europe. Elle est située à l'intersection de trois réseaux commerciaux essentiels pour la vie du pays : la ligne de communication entre la Catalogne et le Levant, celle de la côte avec l'intérieur catalo-aragonais et celle de la Catalogne avec la..." title="Article : TARRAGONE" href="/encyclopedie/tarragone/">Tarragone</a> (Tarragona), Lérida...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/chine-hommes-et-dynamiques-territoriales/"> <span class="rg">CHINE - </span><span class="rm">Hommes et dynamiques territoriales</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Thierry SANJUAN</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">9 801 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">5 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : CHINE - Hommes et dynamiques territoriales" href="/encyclopedie/chine-hommes-et-dynamiques-territoriales/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Chine: population - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/9/3/csm_ca130711_ac015b3a30.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>La Chine a choisi, dès la création de l'Empire au <span class="pc">iii</span><sup>e</sup> siècle avant J.-C., une configuration politique d'unité pour répondre à l'immensité de son territoire. Identifiant son berceau historique à la moyenne vallée du fleuve Jaune, l'histoire officielle pose la Chine comme un foyer de ...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/coree-du-sud/"> <span class="rg">CORÉE DU SUD</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author"> Encyclopædia Universalis</span> , <span rel="author">Valérie GELÉZEAU</span> , <span rel="author">Jin-Mieung LI</span> et <span rel="author">Stéphane THÉVENET</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">11 386 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">9 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : COR&Eacute;E DU SUD" href="/encyclopedie/coree-du-sud/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Corée du Sud : carte physique - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/f/1/csm_at004804_edc397a023.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>La Corée du Sud (République de Corée, <em>Taehan</em><em></em><em>Min'guk</em> ou Daehan Minguk) a été fondée en 1948, dans la partie méridionale de la péninsule occupée par le Japon depuis le début du <span class="pc">xx</span><sup>e</sup> siècle. La division de la péninsule de part et d'autre du 38<sup>e</sup> parallèle entre la <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="La Corée du Nord (République populaire démocratique de Corée, R.P.D.C., Choson minjujŭi immin konghwaguk ), fondée en 1948, est un pays totalitaire, un des plus fermés au monde, où règne la famille Kim , Kim Il-sung de 1948 à 1994, son fils Kim Jong-il de 1994 à 2011, puis le fils de celui-ci, Kim Jong-un. L'idéologie de la R.P.D.C. est le juche , qui se traduit par une é..." title="Article : CORÉE DU NORD" href="/encyclopedie/coree-du-nord/">Corée du Nord...</a></p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/deserts/"> <span class="rg">DÉSERTS</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">Écrit par <span rel="author">Roger COQUE</span> , <span rel="author">François DURAND-DASTÈS</span> , <span rel="author">Huguette GENEST</span> et <span rel="author">Francis PETTER</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">20 885 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">16 médias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : D&Eacute;SERTS" href="/encyclopedie/deserts/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Sables d'érosion - crédits : Kerrick James Photog/ The Image Bank/ Getty Images" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/f/c/csm_ph995788_2928b1f596.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> Les déserts se définissent à partir de critères climatiques caractérisant les milieux arides : des régions du globe caractérisées par un <em>bilan hydrique déficitaire</em> résultant, pour l'essentiel, de l'insuffisance des précipitations par rapport aux prélèvements de l'évaporation. En réalité,...</p> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="row"> <div class="col mt-3"> <ul class="d-print-none pagination justify-content-center"> <li class="page-item active"> <span class="page-link">1</span> </li> <li class="page-item"> <a class="page-link" href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/2/"> 2 </a> </li> <li class="page-item"> <a class="page-link" href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/3/"> 3 </a> </li> <li class="page-item"> <a class="page-link" href="/classification/geographie/geographie-humaine-et-economique/4/"> 4 </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </section> <section class="mb-5"> <i id="classification-medias" class="anchor"></i> <h2 class="minor"> Médias </h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4"> <div class="card"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="CA070237" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy " title="Média : Afrique du Sud : transports et activités minières" href="/media/afrique-du-sud-transports-et-activites-minieres-ca070237/"> <img id="CA070237" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/a/8/csm_ca070237_ab11285d74.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="Afrique du Sud : transports et activités minières - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="Axes de communication et activités minières en Afrique du Sud." data-copyright="Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="2000" height="1287" /> </a> <figcaption class="figure-caption"> <p class="m-0 mt-1 fw-bold text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Afrique du Sud : transports et activités minières </p> <p class="m-0 copyright text-sm text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Encyclopædia Universalis France </p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4"> <div class="card"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="CA070144" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy " title="Média : Afrique : ressources pétrolières et minières" href="/media/afrique-ressources-petrolieres-et-minieres-ca070144/"> <img id="CA070144" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/9/f/csm_ca070144_2222d81dde.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="Afrique : ressources pétrolières et minières - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="Les ressources minières et pétrolières de l'Afrique (situation 2005)." data-copyright="Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="1327" height="2000" /> </a> <figcaption class="figure-caption"> <p class="m-0 mt-1 fw-bold text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Afrique : ressources pétrolières et minières </p> <p class="m-0 copyright text-sm text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Encyclopædia Universalis France </p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4"> <div class="card"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="CA070143" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy " title="Média : Afrique : urbanisation" href="/media/afrique-urbanisation-ca070143/"> <img id="CA070143" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/1/d/csm_ca070143_9961f249c9.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="Afrique : urbanisation - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="L'urbanisation en Afrique au début du xxie siècle (sources : « World Urbanization Prospects », Nations unies, The 2002 Revision ; recensements nationaux)." data-copyright="Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="1470" height="2000" /> </a> <figcaption class="figure-caption"> <p class="m-0 mt-1 fw-bold text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Afrique : urbanisation </p> <p class="m-0 copyright text-sm text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Encyclopædia Universalis France </p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4"> <div class="card"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="CA070259" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy " title="Média : Allemagne unie : espace industriel" href="/media/allemagne-unie-espace-industriel-ca070259/"> <img id="CA070259" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/a/0/csm_ca070259_d38e13c375.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="Allemagne unie : espace industriel - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="L'espace industriel de l'Allemagne réunifiée." data-copyright="Encyclopædia Universalis France" width="1083" height="2000" /> </a> <figcaption class="figure-caption"> <p class="m-0 mt-1 fw-bold text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Allemagne unie : espace industriel </p> <p class="m-0 copyright text-sm text-gray-700 text-truncate"> Encyclopædia Universalis France </p> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-lg-4 mb-4"> <div class="card"> <figure class="figure text-center w-100 mb-0 p-1" style="position: relative"> <a data-ucode="CA090097" data-showMediaPlayer="1" class="protected media-reference-copy " title="Média : Arctique : géo-économie" href="/media/arctique-geo-economie-ca090097/"> <img id="CA090097" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/f/4/csm_ca090097_2793d39ff8.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="Arctique : géo-économie - crédits : Encyclopædia Universalis France" data-description="Principales ressources minières et énergétiques et routes maritimes arctiques (conception : F. Carré et F. 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