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15 Climate Feedback Loops and Examples - Earth How
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1.406z"></path> </svg></span></span> </button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></header> <div id="inner-wrap" class="wrap kt-clear"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <div class="content-container site-container"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <div class="content-wrap"> <article id="post-2604" class="entry content-bg single-entry post-2604 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-climate-change tag-feature mv-content-wrapper"> <div class="entry-content-wrap"> <header class="entry-header post-title title-align-center title-tablet-align-center title-mobile-align-inherit"> <div class="kadence-breadcrumbs yoast-bc-wrap"><span><span><a href="https://earthhow.com/">Home</a></span> 禄 <span><a href="https://earthhow.com/category/atmosphere/">Atmosphere</a></span> 禄 <span><a href="https://earthhow.com/category/atmosphere/climate-change/">Climate Change</a></span> 禄 <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">15 Climate Feedback Loops and Examples</span></span></div><h1 class="entry-title">15 Climate Feedback Loops and Examples</h1><div class="entry-meta entry-meta-divider-customicon"> <div class="meta-comments"><span class="kadence-svg-iconset"><svg class="kadence-svg-icon kadence-comments-alt-svg" fill="currentColor" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="28" viewBox="0 0 28 28"><title>Comments</title><path d="M10 14c0 1.109-0.891 2-2 2s-2-0.891-2-2 0.891-2 2-2 2 0.891 2 2zM16 14c0 1.109-0.891 2-2 2s-2-0.891-2-2 0.891-2 2-2 2 0.891 2 2zM22 14c0 1.109-0.891 2-2 2s-2-0.891-2-2 0.891-2 2-2 2 0.891 2 2zM14 6c-6.5 0-12 3.656-12 8 0 2.328 1.563 4.547 4.266 6.078l1.359 0.781-0.422 1.5c-0.297 1.109-0.688 1.969-1.094 2.688 1.578-0.656 3.016-1.547 4.297-2.672l0.672-0.594 0.891 0.094c0.672 0.078 1.359 0.125 2.031 0.125 6.5 0 12-3.656 12-8s-5.5-8-12-8zM28 14c0 5.531-6.266 10-14 10-0.766 0-1.531-0.047-2.266-0.125-2.047 1.813-4.484 3.094-7.187 3.781-0.562 0.156-1.172 0.266-1.781 0.344h-0.078c-0.313 0-0.594-0.25-0.672-0.594v-0.016c-0.078-0.391 0.187-0.625 0.422-0.906 0.984-1.109 2.109-2.047 2.844-4.656-3.219-1.828-5.281-4.656-5.281-7.828 0-5.516 6.266-10 14-10v0c7.734 0 14 4.484 14 10z"></path> </svg></span><a class="meta-comments-link anchor-scroll" href="#comments">12 Comments</a></div></div></header> <div class="entry-content single-content"> <figure class="wp-block-image alignwide is-style-default"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="678" height="378" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Climate-Feedback-Loops-678x378.png" alt="Climate Feedback Loops" class="wp-image-2599"/></figure> <div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">What is a Climate Feedback Loop?</h3> <p>The cascading effects of climate change can have unforeseen consequences. These are the climate feedback loops that either amplify or reduce the <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-change/">effects of climate change</a>.</p> <p>Think of it as a domino effect:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li><strong>POSITIVE FEEDBACK LOOP:</strong> In a positive feedback loop, an initial warming triggers feedback to amplify the effects of warming.</li> <li><strong>NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP</strong>: Negative feedback loops <em>reduce</em> the effects of climate change.</li> </ul> <p>So once you begin taking climate out of its balance, these positive and negative feedback loops start to kick in. Then, they can go beyond our ability to control them.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Negative climate feedback loops</h3> <p>We’re changing Earth’s climate. What happens next?</p> <p>Negative climate feedback loops have beneficial results.</p> <p>Instead of continued warming, they spark a favorable chain of events that lessen the severity of climate change.</p> <p>Here are examples of negative feedback mechanisms for climate change:</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">1. Increased cloudiness reflects more incoming solar radiation</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img decoding="async" width="300" height="215" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Rainfall-Clouds-Thunder-Lightning-0-300x215.png" alt="Rainfall Clouds Thunder Lightning" class="wp-image-9543" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Rainfall-Clouds-Thunder-Lightning-0-300x215.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Rainfall-Clouds-Thunder-Lightning-0-425x305.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Rainfall-Clouds-Thunder-Lightning-0.png 530w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></figure></div><p>As ice sheets melt, this could increase cloudiness with more water vapor in the atmosphere.</p> <p>Because clouds reflect 1/3 of <a href="https://earthhow.com/solar-radiation-electromagnetic/">incoming solar radiation</a>, there would be less heat absorption on Earth’s surface.</p></div></div><div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">2. Higher rainfall from more moisture in the atmosphere</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><a href="https://earthhow.com/ocean-currents/"><img decoding="async" width="425" height="319" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0-425x319.png" alt="ocean currents" class="wp-image-4955" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0-425x319.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0-300x225.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0-675x507.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0-550x413.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0.png 678w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0-326x245.png 326w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/ocean-currents-feature-0-80x60.png 80w" sizes="(max-width: 425px) 100vw, 425px"/></a></figure></div><p>Similarly, if there’s more water held in the atmosphere, then higher water volume leads to more precipitation. This is because the atmosphere can retain more moisture with higher temperatures.</p> <p>But the downside is that <a href="https://earthhow.com/ocean-currents/">ocean circulation patterns</a> would change and create an imbalance in where rainfall occurs.</p></div></div><div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">3. Net primary productivity increase</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="290" height="300" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Soil-Nutrients-290x300.png" alt="Soil Nutrients" class="wp-image-1694" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Soil-Nutrients-290x300.png 290w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Soil-Nutrients.png 407w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px"/></figure></div><p>As higher concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub> enter the atmosphere, plants have <a href="https://earthhow.com/tree-growth/">more material to photosynthesize</a>. If you isolate a single plant in a laboratory, then adding CO<sub>2</sub> makes Earth greener for now. But this <a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2436/co2-is-making-earth-greenerfor-now/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">fertilization effect diminishes with time.</a></p> <p>But plants can’t grow indefinitely with rising CO<sub>2</sub>. This is because plants require other factors like nitrogen <a href="https://earthhow.com/nutrient-cycle/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">in the nutrient cycle</a>. And if temperature rises, this can negatively influence plant growth.</p></div></div><div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">4. Blackbody radiation</h4> <p>The energy released by Earth is a function of temperature. If Earth’s temperature increases, it raises the amount of <a href="https://earthhow.com/solar-radiation-electromagnetic/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">outgoing radiation</a>.</p> <p>So the more energy you add to Earth, the more energy it will emit. This concept is the Stefan-Boltzmann law which has an overall cooling effect.</p></div></div><div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">5. Chemical weathering as a carbon dioxide sink</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="290" height="300" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Chemical-Weathering-290x300.png" alt="Chemical Weathering" class="wp-image-7207" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Chemical-Weathering-290x300.png 290w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Chemical-Weathering.png 407w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px"/></figure></div><p>With more CO<sub>2</sub> and water in the atmosphere, it increases carbonic acid which is just CO<sub>2</sub> and water. <a href="https://earthhow.com/chemical-weathering/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Chemical weathering in rocks</a> is a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. Thus, it weakens the greenhouse effect and leads to cooling.</p> <p>This natural process of chemical weathering not only helps regulate Earth’s climate over geological timescales but also underscores the intricate feedback mechanisms that influence the composition of our planet’s atmosphere.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">6. The ocean’s solubility pump</h4> <p>The solubility pump refers to the ocean鈥檚 ability to transport carbon from its surface to the interior. The ocean serves an important role in regulating CO<sub>2</sub> by dissolving it in water.</p> <p>As <a href="https://earthhow.com/sea-level-rise-effects-projections/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ice sheets melt</a>, carbon storage increases. Currently, oceans absorb 33% of CO<sub>2</sub> emitted to the atmosphere. Although this process cannot continue indefinitely, solubility pump efficiency depends on ocean circulation.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">7. Lapse rate and altitude temperature</h4> <p>Lapse rate refers to the change of temperature with altitude. Air expands higher in the troposphere because there is less pressure. Conversely, the air compresses lower in the troposphere because there is more pressure.</p> <p>Climate models indicate that global warming will reduce the decreasing rate of temperature with height. Overall, this weakens the strength of the <a href="https://earthhow.com/greenhouse-effect/">greenhouse effect</a>.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Positive climate feedback loops</h3> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="290" height="300" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Ocean-Current-Circulation-290x300.png" alt="Ocean Current Circulation" class="wp-image-1644" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Ocean-Current-Circulation-290x300.png 290w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Ocean-Current-Circulation.png 407w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px"/></figure></div><p>Positive climate feedback loops accumulate to a more harmful result with increased heating.</p> <p>By far, the bad outweighs the good for climate change scenarios.</p> <p>At the top of the list, methane release is the most devastating.</p> <p>It has the potential to cause a lethal chain reaction of atmospheric heating.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">8. Permafrost melt sparks methane release</h4> <p>In the Arctic tundra, <a href="https://earthhow.com/permafrost/">permafrost melt</a> will trigger methane release in the atmosphere. Because methane is a more potent greenhouse gas than CO<sub>2</sub>.</p> <p>This type of positive feedback loop could be a tipping point for our climate. Currently, there are only about 5 gigatons of methane in the atmosphere.</p> <p>But the amount of methane in the Arctic is in the hundreds of gigatons.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">9. The removal of ice (high albedo)</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="290" height="300" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Glacier-Landscape-290x300.png" alt="Glacier Landscape" class="wp-image-4774" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Glacier-Landscape-290x300.png 290w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Glacier-Landscape.png 407w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px"/></figure></div><p>Once the Arctic, Greenland, and Antarctic ice sheets melt, water absorbs more heat. Because ice has a high albedo, it reflects 84% of incoming solar radiation. But once we remove our icy protective shield, water reflects as low as 5% of solar radiation.</p> <p>This reduction in reflectivity, or albedo, when ice melts contributes to a positive feedback loop, amplifying global warming and the further melting of polar ice, highlighting the critical role of polar ice sheets in regulating Earth’s climate.</p></div></div><div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">10. Ocean circulation patterns disruption</h4> <p>Once ice melts in the Arctic, it will start shifting deep <a href="https://earthhow.com/ocean-currents/">ocean circulation patterns</a> in the Gulf Stream. Currently, this circulation pattern relies on heavy salt water from the north to transport warm water to Great Britain.</p> <p>Once ice sheets melt, it releases freshwater into the oceans. This disturbs this ocean conveyor belt by slowing downflow in the Atlantic Ocean.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">11. Sea level rise</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="290" height="300" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Sea-Level-Rise-290x300.png" alt="Sea Level Rise" class="wp-image-1741" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Sea-Level-Rise-290x300.png 290w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Sea-Level-Rise.png 407w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px"/></figure></div><p>As the planet warms, ocean waters expand. Rising sea levels hit coastal cities the hardest. But another result will trigger further glacier calving. If you increase water volume, this could cause further chunks of ice to outpour into the oceans.</p> <p>This dynamic interplay between rising sea levels and glacier calving emphasizes the urgency of mitigating climate change to protect coastal communities and fragile polar ice environments.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">12. Rainforest drought and loss</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Forest-CTA-300x300.png" alt="Forests" class="wp-image-6893" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Forest-CTA-300x300.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Forest-CTA-150x150.png 150w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Forest-CTA-425x425.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Forest-CTA.png 450w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></figure></div><p>Temperatures are <a href="https://climate.nasa.gov/effects/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">projected to rise 2 to 6掳 by 2100</a>. As a result of the warmer climate, this will result in larger evaporation losses. The increased evaporation losses due to rising temperatures have the potential to exacerbate water scarcity in many regions.</p> <p>Despite the possibility of more rainfall, <a href="https://earthhow.com/weather-facts/">unpredictable weather</a> may result in less soil moisture. Drought due to a warmer means the loss of some of the most productive places in the world.</p></div></div><div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">13. Wetland methane release</h4> <p>Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane in the world. Climate change is concerned with their health because heating can cause bogs to release methane.</p> <p>The amount of methane production is dependent on a number of factors. For example, soil temperature, oxygen availability, and warmer environments all relate to climate change contributors.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">14. More kindle for forest fires</h4> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"> <figure class="alignright"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="244" height="300" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Forest-Fires-Transparent-244x300.png" alt="Forest Fires" class="wp-image-12482" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Forest-Fires-Transparent-244x300.png 244w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Forest-Fires-Transparent.png 325w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 244px) 100vw, 244px"/></figure></div><p>Mid-latitude regions are poised to receive an imbalance in rainfall and an increased risk of drought. As a result, forest fires and desertification in forested regions will lower their ability to be carbon sinks.</p> <p>Overall, this releases more carbon than forests can absorb into the atmosphere. Thus, this positive feedback loop causes further warming.</p></div></div><div style="height:5px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">15. Gas hydrates in shallow water</h4> <p>In the shallow oceans, gas hydrates store enormous amounts of methane. They occur naturally throughout the world as forms of ice and methane.</p> <p>Because we find them relatively shallow, they are particularly susceptible to warmer temperatures. And similar to melting permafrost, methane release is a potent greenhouse gas. Thus, it causes further global warming.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-group" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Climate feedback loops summary</h3> <p>Climate feedback loops are a process in which an external factor, such as the release of heat-trapping greenhouse gases or the injection of aerosols into the atmosphere, causes a change in one part of the climate system that feeds back and amplifies itself.</p> <p>The Earth’s climate is constantly changing due to such feedback loops. These loops can be either positive or negative. Positive feedback loops increase the rate of change in a particular system. Whereas negative feedback loops slow down or reverse changes caused by external factors.</p></div></div><div class="newsletter1"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Subscribe to our newsletter:</span> <div class="tnp tnp-subscription-minimal"><form action="https://earthhow.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=tnp&na=s" method="post" style="text-align: center"><input type="hidden" name="nr" value="minimal"> <input type="hidden" name="nlang" value=""> <input class="tnp-email" type="email" required name="ne" value="" placeholder="Email"><input class="tnp-submit" type="submit" value="Subscribe" style=""> </form></div></div><div class="kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id18087_9ac6f0-08 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout"><div class="kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top"> <div class="wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column18087_8adc6b-56 kvs-sm-false kb-section-dir-horizontal"><div class="kt-inside-inner-col"><div 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href="https://earthhow.com/space-junk/" rel="bookmark">How Much Space Junk Orbits Earth? [Infographic]</a></h6></header> <footer class="entry-footer"> </footer></div></article></div></div></div></div></div><div class="kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id18087_d39f1d-9e alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout"><div class="kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top"> <div class="wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column18087_18901d-6a kvs-lg-false kvs-md-false kb-section-dir-vertical"><div class="kt-inside-inner-col"><div class="wp-block-kadence-postgrid kt-blocks-post-loop-block alignnone kt-post-loop18087_f8d185-d5 kt-post-grid-layout-grid"><div class="kt-post-grid-layout-grid-wrap kt-post-grid-wrap" data-columns-xxl="2" data-columns-xl="2" data-columns-md="2" data-columns-sm="2" data-columns-xs="1" data-columns-ss="1"data-item-selector=".kt-post-masonry-item"><article class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-12457 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-weather mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/what-are-tornadoes/" aria-label="Read More What Are Tornadoes?" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Tornadoes-0-300x225.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Tornadoes" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Tornadoes-0-300x225.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Tornadoes-0-675x507.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Tornadoes-0-425x319.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Tornadoes-0-550x413.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Tornadoes-0.png 678w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></a></div></div></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner"><header><h6 class="entry-title"><a href="https://earthhow.com/what-are-tornadoes/">What Are Tornadoes?</a></h6><div class="kt-blocks-post-top-meta"></div></header><div class="entry-content"></div><footer class="kt-blocks-post-footer"><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-left"></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article><article class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-955 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-magnetosphere tag-feature tag-guide mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/earth-magnetic-field/" aria-label="Read More A Beginner’s Guide to Earth Magnetic Field" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-300x225.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Earth Magnetic Field" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-300x225.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-675x507.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-425x319.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-550x413.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1.png 678w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-326x245.png 326w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-80x60.png 80w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Earth-Magnetic-Field-1-267x200.png 267w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></a></div></div></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner"><header><h6 class="entry-title"><a href="https://earthhow.com/earth-magnetic-field/">A Beginner’s Guide to Earth Magnetic Field</a></h6><div class="kt-blocks-post-top-meta"></div></header><div class="entry-content"></div><footer class="kt-blocks-post-footer"><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-left"></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article><article class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-9600 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-outside-earth mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/exosphere/" aria-label="Read More What Is the Exosphere?" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Exosphere-Feature-1-300x225.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Exosphere" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Exosphere-Feature-1-300x225.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Exosphere-Feature-1-675x507.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Exosphere-Feature-1-425x319.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Exosphere-Feature-1-550x413.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Exosphere-Feature-1.png 678w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></a></div></div></div><div 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class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner"><header><h6 class="entry-title"><a href="https://earthhow.com/aurora-borealis-northern-lights/">Aurora Borealis Facts: How the Northern Lights Work</a></h6><div class="kt-blocks-post-top-meta"></div></header><div class="entry-content"></div><footer class="kt-blocks-post-footer"><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-left"></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article><article class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-981 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-magnetosphere mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/magnetic-reconnection/" aria-label="Read More What is Magnetic Reconnection in the Magnetosphere?" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Magnetic-Reconnection-0-300x225.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Magnetic Reconnection" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Magnetic-Reconnection-0-300x225.jpg 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Magnetic-Reconnection-0-675x507.jpg 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Magnetic-Reconnection-0-425x319.jpg 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Magnetic-Reconnection-0-550x413.jpg 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Magnetic-Reconnection-0.jpg 678w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></a></div></div></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner"><header><h6 class="entry-title"><a href="https://earthhow.com/magnetic-reconnection/">What is Magnetic Reconnection in the Magnetosphere?</a></h6><div class="kt-blocks-post-top-meta"></div></header><div class="entry-content"></div><footer class="kt-blocks-post-footer"><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-left"></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article><article class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-2612 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-weather tag-feature mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/lightning-facts/" aria-label="Read More 10 Electrifying Lightning Facts: Get Thunderstruck" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-300x225.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Lightning Facts" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-300x225.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-675x507.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-425x319.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-550x413.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts.png 678w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-326x245.png 326w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-80x60.png 80w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Lightning-Facts-267x200.png 267w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></a></div></div></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner"><header><h6 class="entry-title"><a href="https://earthhow.com/lightning-facts/">10 Electrifying Lightning Facts: Get Thunderstruck</a></h6><div class="kt-blocks-post-top-meta"></div></header><div class="entry-content"></div><footer class="kt-blocks-post-footer"><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-left"></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article><article class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-9592 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-outside-earth mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/mesosphere/" aria-label="Read More What Is the Mesosphere?" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mesosphere-Feature-300x225.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Mesosphere" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mesosphere-Feature-300x225.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mesosphere-Feature-675x507.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mesosphere-Feature-425x319.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mesosphere-Feature-550x413.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Mesosphere-Feature.png 678w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></a></div></div></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner"><header><h6 class="entry-title"><a href="https://earthhow.com/mesosphere/">What Is the Mesosphere?</a></h6><div class="kt-blocks-post-top-meta"></div></header><div class="entry-content"></div><footer class="kt-blocks-post-footer"><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-left"></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article><article class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item post-66 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-atmosphere category-outside-earth tag-feature tag-infographic mv-content-wrapper"><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner-wrap kt-feat-image-align-left kt-feat-image-mobile-align-side"><div class="kadence-post-image"><div class="kadence-post-image-intrisic kt-image-ratio-66-67" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><div class="kadence-post-image-inner-intrisic"><a href="https://earthhow.com/atmosphere-layers-troposphere-stratosphere-mesosphere-thermosphere/" aria-label="Read More What Are the 4 Layers of the Atmosphere? [Infographic]" class="kadence-post-image-inner-wrap"><img width="300" height="225" src="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-300x225.png" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-post-image" alt="Earth Atmosphere Layers" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-300x225.png 300w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-675x507.png 675w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-425x319.png 425w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-550x413.png 550w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers.png 678w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-326x245.png 326w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-80x60.png 80w, https://earthhow.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Earth-Atmosphere-Layers-267x200.png 267w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px"/></a></div></div></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-grid-item-inner"><header><h6 class="entry-title"><a href="https://earthhow.com/atmosphere-layers-troposphere-stratosphere-mesosphere-thermosphere/">What Are the 4 Layers of the Atmosphere? [Infographic]</a></h6><div class="kt-blocks-post-top-meta"></div></header><div class="entry-content"></div><footer class="kt-blocks-post-footer"><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-left"></div><div class="kt-blocks-post-footer-right"></div></footer></div></div></article></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></article> <div id="comments" class="comments-area"> <h2 class="comments-title">12 Comments</h2> <ol class="comment-list"> <li id="comment-49388" class="comment byuser comment-author-earthhow bypostauthor even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-49388" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">earthhow</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-49388"><time datetime="2025-01-13T18:34:39-06:00">January 13, 2025 at 6:34 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>I think yes, they try to incorporate them and it depends on the model</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-49317" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-49317" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Mike Percival</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-49317"><time datetime="2025-01-13T02:04:26-06:00">January 13, 2025 at 2:04 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Which of these feedback loops are commonly incorporated into climate simulation models? Which are not? Do we have parametric data sets on all of these loops and are they confirmable?</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-41312" class="comment byuser comment-author-earthhow bypostauthor even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-41312" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">earthhow</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-41312"><time datetime="2024-09-23T05:05:05-06:00">September 23, 2024 at 5:05 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>We published it in July, 2018</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-40396" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-40396" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Markus Kirchner</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-40396"><time datetime="2024-09-15T12:49:49-06:00">September 15, 2024 at 12:49 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>I would like to have the date of publication for this article so that I can cite it properly. thank you</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-20716" class="comment even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-20716" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Easton Sargent</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-20716"><time datetime="2023-04-06T11:36:36-06:00">April 6, 2023 at 11:36 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>That’s one of the reasons people want to protect wetlands is because Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane in the world and we need them.</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-19924" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-19924" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">John Dole</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-19924"><time datetime="2023-02-13T08:58:00-06:00">February 13, 2023 at 8:58 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>“Climate models indicate that global warming will reduce the decreasing rate of temperature with height. Overall, this weakens the strength of the greenhouse effect.”</p> <p>THIS IS GARBAGE</p> <p>A reduction of the rate of temperature decrease with altitude IS THE SAME AS a particular temperature at a higher altitude</p> <p>Which IS the greenhouse effect: an increase in the altitude at which IR photons escape to space</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-18551" class="comment byuser comment-author-earthhow bypostauthor even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-18551" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">earthhow</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-18551"><time datetime="2022-11-29T19:36:18-06:00">November 29, 2022 at 7:36 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Here’s info on how to cite – <a href="https://earthhow.com/how-to-cite/" rel="ugc">https://earthhow.com/how-to-cite/</a></p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-17568" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-17568" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Zoe</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-17568"><time datetime="2022-10-21T18:17:04-06:00">October 21, 2022 at 6:17 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>I would like to cite this article in my paper. Can you please give the name of this author so that I can cite it properly? Thanks.</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-16722" class="comment even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-16722" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Joseph Dodson</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-16722"><time datetime="2022-09-23T12:25:54-06:00">September 23, 2022 at 12:25 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>wetlands are the single largest source of the atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) methane (CH4). This may increase in a warming climate, leading to positive feedback on climate change. For the first time, we extend interactive wetland CH4 emissions schemes to include the recently quantified, significant process of CH4 transfer through tropical trees. We constrain the parameterisations using a multi-site flux study, and biogeochemical and inversion models.</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-15445" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-15445" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Amal</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-15445"><time datetime="2022-07-19T22:13:27-06:00">July 19, 2022 at 10:13 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Thanks a lot, it really helped.</p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-10926" class="comment byuser comment-author-earthhow bypostauthor even thread-even depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-10926" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">earthhow</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-10926"><time datetime="2022-01-24T13:51:31-06:00">January 24, 2022 at 1:51 pm</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Here’s some info how to cite – <a href="https://earthhow.com/how-to-cite/" rel="ugc">https://earthhow.com/how-to-cite/</a></p></div></article> </li> <li id="comment-10879" class="comment odd alt thread-odd thread-alt depth-1"> <article id="div-comment-10879" class="comment-body"> <footer class="comment-meta"> <div class="comment-author vcard"> <b class="fn">Haleigh</b> <span class="says">says:</span></div><div class="comment-metadata"> <a href="https://earthhow.com/climate-feedback-loops/#comment-10879"><time datetime="2022-01-22T10:37:38-06:00">January 22, 2022 at 10:37 am</time></a></div></footer> <div class="comment-content"> <p>Hi! I would like to cite this article in a paper that I am writing. Is it possible for me to get the name of the author so that I can properly cite it? Thank you so much.</p></div></article> </li> </ol> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply</h3><form action="https://earthhow.com/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form" novalidate><p class="comment-notes"><span id="email-notes">Your email address will not be published.</span> <span class="required-field-message">Required fields are marked <span class="required">*</span></span></p><p class="comment-form-comment comment-form-float-label"><textarea autocomplete="new-password" id="i477054932" name="i477054932" placeholder="Leave a comment..." cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="65525" aria-required="true" required="required"></textarea><textarea id="comment" aria-label="hp-comment" aria-hidden="true" name="comment" autocomplete="new-password" style="padding:0 !important;clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;position:absolute !important;white-space:nowrap !important;height:1px 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