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Hermitage (religious retreat) - Wikipedia

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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peniti" title="Peniti – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Peniti" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poustevna" title="Poustevna – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Poustevna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremitage" title="Eremitage – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eremitage" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einsiedelei" title="Einsiedelei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Einsiedelei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremitorio" title="Eremitorio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eremitorio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermitejo_(loko)" title="Ermitejo (loko) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ermitejo (loko)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremutarren_leku" title="Eremutarren leku – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eremutarren leku" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermitage_(religion)" title="Ermitage (religion) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ermitage (religion)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADthreabh" title="Díthreabh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Díthreabh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremitorio" title="Eremitorio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Eremitorio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pustinja_(eremitorij)" title="Pustinja (eremitorij) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pustinja (eremitorij)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremo" title="Eremo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eremo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9F%E1%83%98" title="ერმიტაჟი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ერმიტაჟი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermitagium" title="Hermitagium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hermitagium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klaus" title="Klaus – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Klaus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kloes_(weuning)" title="Kloes (weuning) – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kloes (weuning)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kluizenarij" title="Kluizenarij – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kluizenarij" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kluus_(woonderij)" title="Kluus (woonderij) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kluus (woonderij)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE" title="आश्रम व्यवस्था – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आश्रम व्यवस्था" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kluse" title="Kluse – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kluse" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erem" title="Erem – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Erem" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremita%C5%BEa" title="Eremitaža – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Eremitaža" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Испосница – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Испосница" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremitorij" title="Eremitorij – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Eremitorij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eremitage" title="Eremitage – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eremitage" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88_-_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_-_%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_2.jpg/440px-%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88_-_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_-_%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3680" data-file-height="2456" /></a><figcaption>Hermitage used by <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Foucauld" title="Charles de Foucauld">Charles de Foucauld</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hoggar_Mountains" title="Hoggar Mountains">Hoggar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>hermitage</b> most authentically refers to a place where a <a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">hermit</a> lives in seclusion from the world, or a building or settlement where a person or a group of people lived religiously, in seclusion. Particularly as a name or part of the name of properties its meaning is often imprecise, harking to a distant period of local history, components of the building material, or recalling any former sanctuary or holy place. Secondary churches or establishments run from a monastery were often called "hermitages". </p><p>In the 18th century, some owners of <a href="/wiki/English_country_house" title="English country house">English country houses</a> adorned their gardens with a "hermitage", sometimes a Gothic ruin, but sometimes, as at <a href="/wiki/Painshill_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Painshill Park">Painshill Park</a>, a romantic hut which a "hermit" was recruited to occupy. The so-called <a href="/wiki/Ermita_de_San_Pelayo_y_San_Isidoro" title="Ermita de San Pelayo y San Isidoro">Ermita de San Pelayo y San Isidoro</a> is the ruins of a Romanesque church of <a href="/wiki/%C3%81vila,_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ávila, Spain">Ávila, Spain</a>, that ended up several hundred miles away, to feature in the <a href="/wiki/Buen_Retiro_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Buen Retiro Park">Buen Retiro Park</a> in Madrid. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Western_Christian_tradition">Western Christian tradition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Western Christian tradition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Painshill_Park_hermits_hut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Painshill_Park_hermits_hut.jpg/220px-Painshill_Park_hermits_hut.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Painshill_Park_hermits_hut.jpg/330px-Painshill_Park_hermits_hut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Painshill_Park_hermits_hut.jpg/440px-Painshill_Park_hermits_hut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A hermitage at <a href="/wiki/Painshill_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Painshill Park">Painshill Park</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A hermitage is any type of domestic dwelling in which a <a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">hermit</a> lives. While the level of isolation can vary widely, more often than not it is associated with a nearby <a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">monastery</a>. Typically, hermitages consist of at least one detached room, or sometimes a dedicated space within an open floor plan building, for religious devotion, basic sleeping accommodations, and a domestic cooking range, suitable for the <a href="/wiki/Ascetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascetic">ascetic</a> lifestyle of the inhabitant. Depending on the work of the hermit, premises such as a studio, workshop or chapel may be attached or sited in proximity.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p><p>Originally, the first hermitages were natural caves, temple ruins, and even simple huts in forests and deserts. Around the time of early fourth century (around 300 AD), the spiritual retreats of the <a href="/wiki/Desert_Fathers" title="Desert Fathers">Desert Fathers</a>, who had chosen to live apart from society in the relative isolation of the <a href="/wiki/Nitrian_Desert" title="Nitrian Desert">Nitrian Desert</a> of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, began to attract the attention of the wider Christian community. The piety of such hermits often attracted both laity and other would-be ascetics, forming the first <a href="/wiki/Cenobium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cenobium">cenobitic</a> communities called "sketes", such as <a href="/wiki/Nitria_(monastic_site)" title="Nitria (monastic site)">Nitria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kellia" title="Kellia">Kellia</a>. Within a short time, more and more people arrived to adopt the teachings and lifestyle of these hermits, and there began by necessity a mutual exchange of labour and shared goods between them, forming the first monastic communities.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trinitatearen_baseliza_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Trinitatearen_baseliza_2.jpg/220px-Trinitatearen_baseliza_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Trinitatearen_baseliza_2.jpg/330px-Trinitatearen_baseliza_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Trinitatearen_baseliza_2.jpg/440px-Trinitatearen_baseliza_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5571" data-file-height="3714" /></a><figcaption>Trinity hermitage at San Miguel de Aralar, <a href="/wiki/Uharte-Arakil" title="Uharte-Arakil">Uharte-Arakil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the later feudal period of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, both monasteries and hermitages alike were endowed by royalty and nobility in return for prayers being said for their family, believing it to be beneficial to the state of their soul.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Carthusian" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian">Carthusian</a> monks typically live in a one-room cell or building, with areas for study, sleep, prayer, and preparation of meals. Most Carthusians live a mostly solitary life, meeting with their brethren for communion, for shared meals on holy days, and again irregularly for nature walks, where they are encouraged to have simple discussions about their spiritual life.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the modern era, hermitages are often abutted to monasteries, or in their grounds, being occupied by monks who receive dispensation from their <a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">abbot</a> or <a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">prior</a> to live a semi-solitary life. However, hermitages can be found in a variety of settings, from isolated rural sites, houses in large cities, and even high-rise blocks of flats, depending on the hermit's means.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p><p>Examples of hermitages in Western Christian tradition: </p> <ol><li>The <a href="/wiki/Grande_Chartreuse" title="Grande Chartreuse">Grande Chartreuse</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Pierre-de-Chartreuse" title="Saint-Pierre-de-Chartreuse">Saint-Pierre-de-Chartreuse</a>, France, <a href="/wiki/Motherhouse" title="Motherhouse">motherhouse</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Carthusian" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian">Carthusian</a> Order.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Camaldoli_Hermitage" title="New Camaldoli Hermitage">New Camaldoli Hermitage</a> in <a href="/wiki/Big_Sur" title="Big Sur">Big Sur</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camaldolese_Hermit_Monastery_in_Krakow" class="mw-redirect" title="Camaldolese Hermit Monastery in Krakow">Camaldolese Hermitage</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bielany,_Krak%C3%B3w" title="Bielany, Kraków">Bielany, Kraków</a>, Poland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage_of_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Lara" title="Hermitage of Santa María de Lara">Hermitage of Santa María de Lara</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigothic</a> building in northern Spain, probably built as a normal church, it later passed to a monastery before being abandoned.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eastern_Christian_tradition">Eastern Christian tradition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Eastern Christian tradition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kerkzomerpiep.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Kerkzomerpiep.jpg/220px-Kerkzomerpiep.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Kerkzomerpiep.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="197" /></a><figcaption>Hermitage "<a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_the_Enclosed_Garden" title="Our Lady of the Enclosed Garden">Our Lady of the Enclosed Garden</a>" in <a href="/wiki/Warfhuizen" title="Warfhuizen">Warfhuizen</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="The Netherlands">the Netherlands</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <i><b>pustyn</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">пустынь</span>) or <i><b>kalyva</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%B1_(%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE)" class="extiw" title="el:καλύβα (μοναστική)">καλύβα</a></span>) or <b>anapat'</b><i>(<a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: </i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Անապատ (page does not exist)">անապատ</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;">&#160;&#91;<a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF" class="extiw" title="hy:անապատ">hy</a>&#93;</span><i>) </i>is a small sparsely furnished cabin or room where a person goes to <a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Prayer in Christianity">pray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fasting#Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Fasting">fast</a> alone in the presence of <a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">God</a>. The word poustyn has its origin in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> word for <a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">desert</a> (пустыня). A person called to live permanently in a poustinia is called a <i>poustinik</i> (plural: <i>poustiniki</i>) or anapatakan (Armenian: անապատական). </p><p>A <i>poustinik</i> is one who has been called by <a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">God</a> to live life in the desert (<i>poustinia</i>), alone with God in the service of humanity through prayer, fasting, and availability to those who might call upon him or her. Those called to life in the <i>poustinia</i> were not uncommon in Russia prior to the suppression of Christianity in the early 20th century. </p><p>In this <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Christian">Eastern Christian</a> expression of the <a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">eremitic vocation</a>, poustiniks are not solitary but are part of the local community to which they are called. The poustinik is a servant of God and God's people, in communion with the Church. Historically, one who experienced the call </p> <blockquote> <p>"...to the poustinia had first, after securing the blessing of their <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_director" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiritual director">spiritual director</a>, to find a village. He generally did this through <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">pilgrimage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">prayer</a>. Once having discovered the village to which he felt God drawing him, the poustinik went to the elders and asked permission to live there as a poustinik. Permission was happily given, as Russians were glad to have a poustinik praying for them.<sup id="cite_ref-madonnahouse_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madonnahouse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>The poustinik lives alone praying for his own salvation, the salvation of the world, and particularly for the community that God has blessed for him to be a member. Traditionally: </p> <blockquote> <p>The poustinik was also available to the people. When there were special needs, such as a fire to fight or hay to bring in, the poustinik would help. And whenever anyone had something they wanted to talk about&#8212;a question about prayer, a problem, a special joy or sorrow&#8212;they could go to the poustinik.<sup id="cite_ref-madonnahouse_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madonnahouse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>The poustinik is one who listens, and shares the love of Christ with all whom he encounters, as well as a cup of tea or some food; whatever he has he shares, as God has shared all with him.<sup id="cite_ref-madonnahouse_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madonnahouse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catherine_Doherty">Catherine Doherty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Catherine Doherty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The poustinia was documented by the Catholic <a href="/wiki/Social_activist" class="mw-redirect" title="Social activist">social activist</a> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Doherty" title="Catherine Doherty">Catherine Doherty</a> in her best-selling book <i>Poustinia: Christian Spirituality of the East for Western Man</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> first published in 1975. </p><p>Although originating with ancient <i><a href="/wiki/Starets" title="Starets">startsy</a></i> (wise Russian elders, sg. <i>starets</i>), Doherty's popular book made the concept of poustinia accessible to modern Western people. In it, she describes the poustinia as "an entry into the desert, a lonely place, a silent place, where one can lift the two arms of prayer and penance to God in atonement, intercession, reparation for one's sins and those of one's brothers.... To go into the poustinia means to listen to God. It means entering into <a href="/wiki/Kenosis" title="Kenosis">kenosis</a> &#8212; the emptying of oneself." She promotes the poustinia as a place where anyone &#8212; in any walk of life &#8212; can go for 24 hours of silence, solitude and prayer. Ultimately, however, the poustinik's call is to the desert of one's own heart wherein he dwells with God alone, whether in the workplace or in a solitary locale. </p><p>A poustinia cabin or room generally consists of a bed, a table and chair, a <a href="/wiki/Crucifix" title="Crucifix">cross</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_traditions">Other traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Other traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ashram">Ashram</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Ashram"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ashram" title="Ashram">Ashram</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, a hermitage is called an <a href="/wiki/Ashram" title="Ashram">ashram</a>. Traditionally, an ashram in ancient <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> was a place where sages lived in <a href="/wiki/Peace" title="Peace">peace</a> and tranquility amidst <a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">nature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchorite" title="Anchorite">Anchorite</a> cell, where a vow of stability has been taken</li> <li>Example of hermitage at <a href="/wiki/Optina_Monastery" title="Optina Monastery">Optina Pustyn (Optina Monastery)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalwati_order" title="Khalwati order">Khalwati order</a>, the people of the <a href="/wiki/Khalwa_(Sufism)" title="Khalwa (Sufism)">khalwa</a>, those who practice seclusion and solitude</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastic_cell" title="Monastic cell">Monastic cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skete" title="Skete">Skete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatevi_Anapat" title="Tatevi Anapat">Tatevi Anapat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBrown1963" class="citation book cs1">Brown, A.S. (1963). <i>The History of Religious Seclusion</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+History+of+Religious+Seclusion&amp;rft.date=1963&amp;rft.aulast=Brown&amp;rft.aufirst=A.S.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermitage+%28religious+retreat%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoherty2000" class="citation book cs1">Doherty, Catherine de Hueck (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madonnahouse.org/publications/doherty/poustinia.htm"><i>Poustinia: Encountering God in Silence, Solitude and Prayer</i></a> (3rd&#160;ed.). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-921440-54-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-921440-54-5"><bdi>0-921440-54-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Poustinia%3A+Encountering+God+in+Silence%2C+Solitude+and+Prayer&amp;rft.edition=3rd&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.isbn=0-921440-54-5&amp;rft.aulast=Doherty&amp;rft.aufirst=Catherine+de+Hueck&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madonnahouse.org%2Fpublications%2Fdoherty%2Fpoustinia.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermitage+%28religious+retreat%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chartreux.org/en/origin.php">"The Origin"</a>. <i>The Carthusian Order</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Carthusian+Order&amp;rft.atitle=The+Origin&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chartreux.org%2Fen%2Forigin.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermitage+%28religious+retreat%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-madonnahouse-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-madonnahouse_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-madonnahouse_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-madonnahouse_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234150/http://www.madonnahouse.org/field/ottawa.html">"Madonna House, Ottawa, Ontario"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madonnahouse.org/field/ottawa.html">the original</a> on 2016-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Madonna+House%2C+Ottawa%2C+Ontario&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madonnahouse.org%2Ffield%2Fottawa.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermitage+%28religious+retreat%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoherty1975" class="citation book cs1">Doherty, Catherine (1975). <i>Poustinia</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87793-084-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87793-084-8"><bdi>0-87793-084-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Poustinia&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.isbn=0-87793-084-8&amp;rft.aulast=Doherty&amp;rft.aufirst=Catherine&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermitage+%28religious+retreat%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.garoiashram.org/english/siteglossary.html">"Glossary"</a>. <i>Shri Gobardhana Pitha Garoi Ashram</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2004-11-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Shri+Gobardhana+Pitha+Garoi+Ashram&amp;rft.atitle=Glossary&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.garoiashram.org%2Fenglish%2Fsiteglossary.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHermitage+%28religious+retreat%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermitage_(religious_retreat)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hermitage" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:hermitage">hermitage</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Madonna House: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madonnahouse.org/tour/poustinia.html">Poustinia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417023425/http://www.madonnahouse.org/tour/poustinia.html">Archived</a> 2016-04-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the Madonna House Apostolate web site</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madonnahouse.org/field/ottawa.html">The Poustinik</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234150/http://www.madonnahouse.org/field/ottawa.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Madonna House Apostolate</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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title="Religious order (Catholic)">Orders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monastic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cenobitic_monasticism" title="Cenobitic monasticism">Cenobitic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_(religion)" title="Chapter (religion)">Chapter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enclosed_religious_orders" title="Enclosed religious orders">Enclosed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiorrhythmic_monasticism" title="Idiorrhythmic monasticism">Idiorrhythmic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_regular" class="mw-redirect" title="Canons regular">Canons regular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendicant_orders" title="Mendicant orders">Mendicants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_order_(religious)" title="Second order (religious)">Second orders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleric_regular" title="Cleric regular">Cleric regular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_congregation" title="Religious congregation">Congregations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_institute" title="Secular institute">Secular institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_apostolic_life" title="Society of apostolic life">Society of apostolic life</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/70px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/105px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/140px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_vows" title="Religious vows">Vows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_counsels" title="Evangelical counsels">Evangelical counsels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vow_of_poverty" class="mw-redirect" title="Vow of poverty">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vow_of_chastity" class="mw-redirect" title="Vow of chastity">Chastity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vow_of_obedience" title="Vow of obedience">Obedience</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_profession" title="Religious profession">Profession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_vow" title="Solemn vow">Solemn vow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vow_of_silence" title="Vow of silence">Vow of silence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vow_of_Enclosure" title="Vow of Enclosure">Vow of enclosure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">Monastery</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_abbeys_and_priories" title="List of abbeys and priories">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbey" title="Abbey">Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_house" title="Chapter house">Chapter house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloister" title="Cloister">Cloister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convent" title="Convent">Convent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_monastery" title="Double monastery">Double</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hermitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priory" title="Priory">Priory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refectory" title="Refectory">Refectory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scriptorium" title="Scriptorium">Scriptorium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Prayer in the Catholic Church">Prayer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_contemplation" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian contemplation">Contemplation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_meditation" title="Christian meditation">Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mysticism" title="Christian mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosary" title="Rosary">Rosary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_habit" title="Religious habit">Habit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_clothing" title="Clerical clothing">Clerical clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coif" title="Coif">Coif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornette" title="Cornette">Cornette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scapular" title="Scapular">Scapular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Vestment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_(Western_Christianity)" title="Religious (Western Christianity)">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superior_(hierarchy)" title="Superior (hierarchy)">Superior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superior_General_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior General (Christianity)">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">Provincial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a>/<a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior</a>/<a href="/wiki/Prioress" class="mw-redirect" title="Prioress">Prioress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)" title="Rector (ecclesiastical)">Rector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brother_(Christian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brother (Christian)">Brother</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">Friar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilian_monks" title="Basilian monks">Basilian</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_sister_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious sister (Catholic)">Sister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nun#Distinction_between_a_nun_and_a_religious_sister" title="Nun">Nun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">Hermit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchorite" title="Anchorite">Anchorite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novitiate" title="Novitiate">Novice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblate" title="Oblate">Oblate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postulant" title="Postulant">Postulant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lay_brother" title="Lay brother">Lay brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porter_(monastery)" title="Porter (monastery)">Porter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asceticism#Christianity" title="Asceticism">Asceticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foolishness_for_Christ" title="Foolishness for Christ">Foolishness for Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonsure" title="Tonsure">Tonsure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocational_discernment_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Vocational discernment in the Catholic Church">Vocational discernment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastic_cell" title="Monastic cell">Monastic cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_institutes" title="List of religious institutes">List of religious institutes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" 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