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class="sf-depth-1">uia.org</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div>  </div> </div>   <div id="header" class="clearfix"> <div class="container_12">  <div id="header-inside" class="clearfix"> <div class="grid_8">  <div id="header-left"> <div id="logo"> <a href="/en" title="Home" rel="home"> <img src="http://encyclopedia.uia.org/sites/default/files/design/newlogo.png" alt="Home" /> </a> </div> <div id="site-name"> <a href="/en" title="Home">The Encyclopedia<br />of World Problems<br />& Human Potential</a> </div>  </div>  </div> <div class="grid_4">  <div id="header-right"> <div class="region region-header-right"> <div id="block-views-exp-legacyproblems-page-2" class="block block-views"> <div class="content"> <form action="/en/problems" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-legacyproblems-page-2" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="views-exposed-form"> <div class="views-exposed-widgets clearfix"> <div id="edit-combine-wrapper" class="views-exposed-widget views-widget-filter-combine"> <label for="edit-combine"> Search Problems </label> <div class="views-widget"> <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-combine"> <input type="text" id="edit-combine" name="combine" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-exposed-widget views-submit-button"> <input type="submit" id="edit-submit-legacyproblems" value="Apply" class="form-submit" /> </div> </div> </div> </div></form> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div>  </div> </div>   <div id="main-navigation" class="clearfix"> <div class="container_12"> <div class="grid_12">  <div id="main-navigation-inside" class="clearfix"> <div class="content"> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div>    <div id="page-top" class="clearfix"> </div>   <div id="page" class="clearfix"> <div class="container_12">   <div class="grid_12">  <div id="main" class="clearfix">  <div class="tabs"> </div>     <div id="promoted" class="clearfix"> <div class="region region-promoted"> <div id="block-nodeblock-189009" class="block block-nodeblock"> <div class="content"> <div about="/en/node/189009" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" class="ds-1col node node-block view-mode-full clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><p>The rapidly changing state of the world makes planning in the face of complex interconnected problems a formidable challenge. Our ability to conceive adequate solutions and strategies is often undermined by our lack of understanding of the nature of problems in their wider context.聽聽<em>The聽Encyclopedia聽of World Problems and Human Potential</em>聽offers聽a radically different perspective to associations, policy-makers, social researchers and those concerned with development strategy.聽聽By clarifying the ways in which problems reinforce and sustain each other, the Encyclopedia shifts the level of attention from isolated problems to problem cycles, and thus to sustainable strategy cycles. This allows for a more holistic understanding of the environment in which global problems and strategies are situated.聽聽</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-views-8576bc6bdd89457cbc074fbd096a0319" class="block block-views"> <h2>SELECTED PROBLEMS</h2> <div class="content"> <div class="view view-legacyproblems view-id-legacyproblems view-display-id-problematique_block view-dom-id-a51caa65824439ae4fe19f4633969cc3"> <div class="view-content"> <div id="flexslider-1" class="flexslider optionset-default"> <ul class="slides"><li> <div class="views-field views-field-docid"> <span class="field-content"> <div id="d3vis" style="margin-right:3px !important;width:600px;"> <iframe src="/sites/en.uia.org/visuals/round.php?docid=11455520&vol=problems&dataset=narrow" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="600" height="600" border="0" frameborder="0" style="border:1px solid #EEE;width:600px;height:600px;"></iframe> <br />Experimental visualization of narrower problems </div> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-16"> <h1 class="field-content homeslidelink"><a href="/en/problem/136409">Theft</a></h1> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-24"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-24 field-label">Nature: </div> <span class="field-content"><p>Theft is the unjust taking of what belongs to another. There is a pervasive trend in modern criminal codes to consolidate most property acquisition offences, including stealing, larceny, embezzlement, cheating in buying and selling (such as obtaining property under false pretenses and falsifying of weights and measures), and receipt of stolen property under theft as a single offence, previously unknown as such under common law; robbery is often treated as an exception.</p></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-30"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-30 field-label">Broader Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/134765" title="Risk">Risk</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137560" title="Corruptive crimes">Corruptive crimes</a></br><a href="/en/problem/147217" title="Unethical practices by property tenants">Unethical practices by property tenants</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-31"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-31 field-label">Narrower Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/134769" title="Piracy">Piracy</a></br><a href="/en/problem/150552" title="Looting">Looting</a></br><a href="/en/problem/154499" title="Poaching">Poaching</a></br><a href="/en/problem/152630" title="Burglary">Burglary</a></br><a href="/en/problem/141456" title="Petty theft">Petty theft</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158301" title="Shoplifting">Shoplifting</a></br><a href="/en/problem/157698" title="Ram-raiding">Ram-raiding</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136729" title="Embezzlement">Embezzlement</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158302" title="Pickpocketing">Pickpocketing</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158303" title="Bag snatching">Bag snatching</a></br><a href="/en/problem/149510" title="Theft of data">Theft of data</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158304" title="Theft of cable">Theft of cable</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158305" title="Statue thieves">Statue thieves</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158306" title="Theft of plants">Theft of plants</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136408" title="Work-place theft">Work-place theft</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136413" title="Theft of services">Theft of services</a></br><a href="/en/problem/147810" title="Theft of vehicles">Theft of vehicles</a></br><a href="/en/problem/149509" title="Theft of identity">Theft of identity</a></br><a href="/en/problem/149711" title="Theft of documents">Theft of documents</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137633" title="Theft of works of art">Theft of works of art</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158307" title="Theft of internal organs">Theft of internal organs</a></br><a href="/en/problem/149508" title="Theft of public property">Theft of public property</a></br><a href="/en/problem/150100" title="Receiving stolen property">Receiving stolen property</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158308" title="Theft of computer equipment">Theft of computer equipment</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136744" title="Obtaining property by false pretences">Obtaining property by false pretences</a></br><a href="/en/problem/158309" title="Theft of nongovernmental organization assets during complex emergencies">Theft of nongovernmental organization assets during complex emergencies</a></br></span> </div></li> <li> <div class="views-field views-field-docid"> <span class="field-content"> <div id="d3vis" style="margin-right:3px !important;width:600px;"> <iframe src="/sites/en.uia.org/visuals/round.php?docid=11551700&vol=problems&dataset=narrow" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="600" height="600" border="0" frameborder="0" style="border:1px solid #EEE;width:600px;height:600px;"></iframe> <br />Experimental visualization of narrower problems </div> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-16"> <h1 class="field-content homeslidelink"><a href="/en/problem/133677">Lack of skilled manpower in rural areas</a></h1> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-24"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-24 field-label">Nature: </div> <span class="field-content"><p>The people of small rural towns are unequipped to meet the needs of their town's future. The people of such communities may be willing to engage in the community's restoration but they are hampered by their narrow range of practical skills.</p></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-30"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-30 field-label">Broader Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/133671" title="Lack of skilled workers">Lack of skilled workers</a></br><a href="/en/problem/142952" title="Regional underdevelopment">Regional underdevelopment</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-31"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-31 field-label">Narrower Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/134983" title="Farm-bound labour force">Farm-bound labour force</a></br><a href="/en/problem/133009" title="Inadequate animal husbandry">Inadequate animal husbandry</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140773" title="Underdeveloped farming skills">Underdeveloped farming skills</a></br><a href="/en/problem/157071" title="Inexperienced financial autonomy">Inexperienced financial autonomy</a></br><a href="/en/problem/162333" title="Inadequate supply of skilled plumbers">Inadequate supply of skilled plumbers</a></br><a href="/en/problem/133255" title="Inadequate small-town business skills">Inadequate small-town business skills</a></br><a href="/en/problem/133678" title="Small resident professional workforce">Small resident professional workforce</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136987" title="Outmoded functional skills in rural communities">Outmoded functional skills in rural communities</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137663" title="Inadequate management skills in rural communities">Inadequate management skills in rural communities</a></br><a href="/en/problem/162334" title="Unavailability of trained teachers in rural areas">Unavailability of trained teachers in rural areas</a></br><a href="/en/problem/135674" title="Reluctance of professionals to take country positions">Reluctance of professionals to take country positions</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137666" title="Limited availability of technical expertise in remote communities">Limited availability of technical expertise in remote communities</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140860" title="Lack of training in construction techniques in mountainous conditions">Lack of training in construction techniques in mountainous conditions</a></br></span> </div></li> <li> <div class="views-field views-field-docid"> <span class="field-content"> <div id="d3vis" style="margin-right:3px !important;width:600px;"> <iframe src="/sites/en.uia.org/visuals/round.php?docid=11348670&vol=problems&dataset=narrow" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="600" height="600" border="0" frameborder="0" style="border:1px solid #EEE;width:600px;height:600px;"></iframe> <br />Experimental visualization of narrower problems </div> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-16"> <h1 class="field-content homeslidelink"><a href="/en/problem/137667">Deficient business leadership</a></h1> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-24"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-24 field-label">Nature: </div> <span class="field-content"><p>The capacity for industrialization and economic growth depends, to a large extent, on a nation's ability to develop the productivity of its manpower, in particular that of individuals in top managerial positions.</p></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-30"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-30 field-label">Broader Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/135678" title="Mismanagement">Mismanagement</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137648" title="Inadequate leadership">Inadequate leadership</a></br><a href="/en/problem/134505" title="Deficiencies of developing countries">Deficiencies of developing countries</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-31"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-31 field-label">Narrower Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/137649" title="Corporate narcissism">Corporate narcissism</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137650" title="Irresponsible employers">Irresponsible employers</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137651" title="Undeveloped business plan">Undeveloped business plan</a></br><a href="/en/problem/135590" title="Incomplete cost projections">Incomplete cost projections</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137652" title="Inadequate marketing knowledge">Inadequate marketing knowledge</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137653" title="Poor managerial communications">Poor managerial communications</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137654" title="Inflexible management patterns">Inflexible management patterns</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137655" title="Inflexible management patterns">Inflexible management patterns</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137656" title="Inadequate corporate governance">Inadequate corporate governance</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137657" title="Minimal financial understanding">Minimal financial understanding</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137658" title="Unethical practices of employers">Unethical practices of employers</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137659" title="Irresponsible business practices">Irresponsible business practices</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137660" title="Unprofessional building management">Unprofessional building management</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137661" title="Undeveloped business skills in urban areas">Undeveloped business skills in urban areas</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137662" title="Inadequate skills in dealing with bureaucracies">Inadequate skills in dealing with bureaucracies</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137663" title="Inadequate management skills in rural communities">Inadequate management skills in rural communities</a></br><a href="/en/problem/137664" title="Inappropriate use of innovative management techniques">Inappropriate use of innovative management techniques</a></br></span> </div></li> <li> <div class="views-field views-field-docid"> <span class="field-content"> <div id="d3vis" style="margin-right:3px !important;width:600px;"> <iframe src="/sites/en.uia.org/visuals/round.php?docid=11312580&vol=problems&dataset=narrow" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="600" height="600" border="0" frameborder="0" style="border:1px solid #EEE;width:600px;height:600px;"></iframe> <br />Experimental visualization of narrower problems </div> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-16"> <h1 class="field-content homeslidelink"><a href="/en/problem/138298">Competitive acquisition of arms</a></h1> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-24"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-24 field-label">Nature: </div> <span class="field-content"><p>The arms race has two characteristic features: One is the multiplication and proliferation of primarily non-nuclear, tactical armaments. The other takes the form of a very rapid rate of product innovation and improvement and a constant search for new environments in which weapons can be used. At first sight it would seem that the effort to improve the quality of armaments, or to defend against them, follows a logical series of steps in which a new weapon or weapon-system is devised, then a counter-weapon to neutralize the new weapon, and then a counter-counter-weapon. But these steps neither usually nor necessarily occur in a rational time sequence. Those who design improvements in weapons are as a rule the same people who envisage the further steps to be taken. They do not wait for a potential enemy to react before they themselves react against their own creations. Before a new weapon is brought into service, the military designer is, as a rule, already designing a new model which – he hopes – will not only be more effective in performance, but also less vulnerable to defences which the other side might introduce in response to the new threat. Thus obsolescence becomes characteristic of the technological arms race. These features of the arms race show up very clearly in the field of long-range nuclear weapons. First there was a rapid change in the means of delivery, starting with the switch from manned bombers to liquid-fuelled ballistic missiles, beginning with intermediate and moving on to rockets of intercontinental range. Solid-fuelled missiles soon followed, deployed in concrete silos, in order to protect them from attack. In parallel, submarine-launched ballistic missiles were developed and deployed.</p><p>It does not necessarily follow that the process of action and reaction which characterizes the arms race, certainly the arms race in sophisticated weapons, means that security is increased as more is spent on armaments. Indeed in the field of nuclear weaponry the reverse appears to be the case. Each new step in the elaboration of such armaments usually ushers in a more perilous stage of uncertainty and insecurity. Furthermore, every new generation of weapons and weapon systems inevitably demands more and more resources which could be used for different economic and social purposes. By encouraging the development of certain areas of technology, and by providing resources for basic fields of science which might bear upon the development of sophisticated weapons, the arms race also inevitably affects the direction and tempo of a country's scientific and technological development. Its effect has been to encourage work in certain fields of knowledge and to retard progress in others. It stimulates a demand for certain classes of specialist and for certain kinds of specialized information, without which desired military projects could not be achieved. Short of powerful political decision in a contrary direction, this process, particularly so far as it concerns sophisticated modern weapons, could go on indefinitely.</p><p>The arms race has in fact become noticeably a technological race, the achievements of one side spurring the other to improve on the technological advances which it might have made itself. Sometimes the spur comes not from some clearly defined threat but from an imagined technical advance made by the other side. Secrecy in military affairs makes it inevitable that a potential enemy will usually be suspected of being stronger than he actually is. Consequently both sides strive continuously to improve the quantity and quality of their arms. So it is that the arms race becomes based on the 'hypothesis of the worst case', that is to say, one of two sides designs its programme of development on the assumption that its rival could, if it so decided, be the stronger.</p><p>Military expenditures not only divert resources from other uses, but also tend to disturb and destabilize the economy in general. Increased taxation or borrowing needed to raise money for arms (in developed market economies) slows the growth in personal consumption or private investment. If taxes are not raised, spending on such programmes as welfare services or education may be reduced, thus dislocating long-term social policies. Inflationary processes may be generated. In centrally planned economies, military expenditures limit the flexibility with which the economy can be planned, and the problem of preserving a proper balance between supply and demand for various industries and sectors becomes more difficult. In developing countries where the tax-base is limited, the pay of civil servants and the cost of military forces often take up much of the government's revenue. Revenues that might go into development are used instead for military purposes. In addition, military spending often puts a heavy burden on the balance of payments due to the purchase of arms from abroad.</p><p>The arms race is an important factor in limiting the expansion of international exchanges. Military considerations limit trade in so-called strategic commodities and products of advanced technology, and have led to creation of rival trade groupings. Strategic considerations inhibit technological and scientific exchanges between countries. Also, protectionist policies to favour domestic industry or agriculture are often defended on the grounds of maintaining the supply of vital commodities in time of war. This argument could not be advanced to justify trade barriers in a disarmed world. Trade between centrally planned economic and developed market countries has clearly been affected by the arms race and by the tensions between the two systems. This trade accounts for only 5% of world trade. It would rise significantly the faster the arms race came to a halt. As for the developing countries, the scarce foreign exchange resources used to obtain armaments could be applied to growth-producing purposes. In a world progressively disarmed, the level of trade could well be higher simply because of a higher level of world output.</p></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-30"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-30 field-label">Broader Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/144233" title="Militarization">Militarization</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136233" title="Unbridled competition">Unbridled competition</a></br><a href="/en/problem/152094" title="International tension">International tension</a></br><a href="/en/problem/138304" title="International arms trade">International arms trade</a></br><a href="/en/problem/150025" title="International non-military conflict">International non-military conflict</a></br><a href="/en/problem/152186" title="International non-military conflict">International non-military conflict</a></br><a href="/en/problem/143793" title="Military-industrial-governmental complex">Military-industrial-governmental complex</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-31"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-31 field-label">Narrower Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/151892" title="Naval arms race">Naval arms race</a></br><a href="/en/problem/160549" title="Nuclear arms race">Nuclear arms race</a></br><a href="/en/problem/145818" title="Space weapons arms race">Space weapons arms race</a></br><a href="/en/problem/160713" title="Restriction of arms supply">Restriction of arms supply</a></br><a href="/en/problem/132481" title="Surface to surface missiles">Surface to surface missiles</a></br><a href="/en/problem/147904" title="Monopoly of nuclear power techniques">Monopoly of nuclear power techniques</a></br><a href="/en/problem/147025" title="Stockpiles of nuclear warfare material">Stockpiles of nuclear warfare material</a></br><a href="/en/problem/143150" title="Imbalance of conventional armed forces">Imbalance of conventional armed forces</a></br><a href="/en/problem/146629" title="Insufficient nuclear weapon free zones">Insufficient nuclear weapon free zones</a></br><a href="/en/problem/147504" title="Competitive development of new weapons">Competitive development of new weapons</a></br><a href="/en/problem/135190" title="Militarization of the deep ocean and sea-bed">Militarization of the deep ocean and sea-bed</a></br><a href="/en/problem/139532" title="Proliferation of nuclear weapons and technology">Proliferation of nuclear weapons and technology</a></br><a href="/en/problem/151983" title="Risk of unintentional war generated by the arms race">Risk of unintentional war generated by the arms race</a></br><a href="/en/problem/143149" title="Disguised increases in capacity of military weaponry">Disguised increases in capacity of military weaponry</a></br><a href="/en/problem/154194" title="Disguised increases in capacity of military weaponry">Disguised increases in capacity of military weaponry</a></br></span> </div></li> <li> <div class="views-field views-field-docid"> <span class="field-content"> <div id="d3vis" style="margin-right:3px !important;width:600px;"> <iframe src="/sites/en.uia.org/visuals/round.php?docid=11355170&vol=problems&dataset=narrow" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="600" height="600" border="0" frameborder="0" style="border:1px solid #EEE;width:600px;height:600px;"></iframe> <br />Experimental visualization of narrower problems </div> </span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-16"> <h1 class="field-content homeslidelink"><a href="/en/problem/133164">Unethical practices in politics</a></h1> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-24"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-24 field-label">Nature: </div> <span class="field-content"><p>Corrupt practices include tax evasion, nepotism, looting the national treasury, political bribery, unequal distribution of government contracts, unjust financing of political parties, unjust election administration, use of espionage (especially for domestic purposes), secret police and intimidation. This may lead to political blackmail and corruption in other spheres, to the encouragement of organized crime and violence, lack of credibility in institutions, alienation, apathy, subversive activities, revolution, disintegration, foreign intervention or stagnation. Although corruption is not the preserve of the public services nor solely a feature in developing countries, it is a major problem of public development administration and is a reflection of what happens in society generally. Its prevalence is linked with the power for development decisions being placed in the hands of public servants; and is important because of its impact on the way these decisions are used. The low level of remuneration of a majority of public sector employees, which very often rises at a rate well behind that of inflation and does not adequately compensate for changes in the cost of living, also encourages corruption.</p><p>Politicians are known to have taken bribes, payoffs, letting companies or other outside interests to pay speaking fees, trips, accommodation, "gifts" and "income" from joint business ventures, or simply act in ways which would be usually excused in people other than those officials of high fiduciary rank and trust. The public dilemma is often not whether the misconduct was committed but rather whether is was sufficiently serious, inappropriate or unreasonable to make an issue out of it which could rule someone forever out of public office.</p></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-30"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-30 field-label">Broader Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/134362" title="Corruption">Corruption</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136723" title="Unethical practices">Unethical practices</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140879" title="Misconduct in elected public office">Misconduct in elected public office</a></br></span> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-FM-31"> <div class="views-label views-label-FM-31 field-label">Narrower Problems: </div> <span class="field-content"><a href="/en/problem/140880" title="Electoral fraud">Electoral fraud</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140881" title="Political bribery">Political bribery</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140882" title="Political scandal">Political scandal</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136926" title="Violent revolution">Violent revolution</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140883" title="Political burglary">Political burglary</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140884" title="Political blackmail">Political blackmail</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140885" title="Political deception">Political deception</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140886" title="Political intimidation">Political intimidation</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140887" title="Obstruction of elections">Obstruction of elections</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140888" title="Political smear campaigns">Political smear campaigns</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140889" title="Discrimination in politics">Discrimination in politics</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140890" title="Espionage in domestic politics">Espionage in domestic politics</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140891" title="Illegitimate political regimes">Illegitimate political regimes</a></br><a href="/en/problem/132564" title="Abuse of parliamentary immunity">Abuse of parliamentary immunity</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136608" title="Political corruption of the judiciary">Political corruption of the judiciary</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140892" title="Improper financing of political parties">Improper financing of political parties</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140893" title="Political party manipulation of elections">Political party manipulation of elections</a></br><a href="/en/problem/136610" title="Abusive distribution of political patronage">Abusive distribution of political patronage</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140894" title="Avoidance of legal obligations by politicians">Avoidance of legal obligations by politicians</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140895" title="Misuse of personal authority for political purposes">Misuse of personal authority for political purposes</a></br><a href="/en/problem/140896" title="Misuse of personal authority for political purposes">Misuse of personal authority for political purposes</a></br><a href="/en/problem/156353" title="Dissociation of truth from politics">Dissociation of truth from politics</a></br></span> </div></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div>  </div>   </div> </div>   <div id="footer" class="clearfix"> <div class="container_12">  <div id="footer-inside" class="clearfix"> <div class="grid_8"> <div class="footer-area clearfix"> <div class="region region-footer-first"> <div id="block-block-7" class="block block-block"> <h2>About the Encyclopedia</h2> <div class="content"> <p><em>The Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential</em> is a unique, experimental research work of the <a href="https://uia.org">Union of International Associations</a>. It is currently published as a searchable online platform with profiles of world problems, action strategies, and human values that are interlinked in novel and innovative ways. These connections are based on a range of relationships such as broader and narrower scope, aggravation, relatedness and more. By concentrating on these links and relationships, the Encyclopedia is uniquely positioned to bring focus to the complex and expansive sphere of global issues and their interconnected nature.</p><p>The initial content for the Encyclopedia was seeded from UIA鈥檚 <a href="https://uia.org/yearbook"><em>Yearbook of International Organizations</em></a>. UIA鈥檚 decades of collected data on the enormous variety of association life provided a broad initial perspective on the myriad problems of humanity. 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