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generalized Einstein relationship under nonequilibrium conditions as a function of the electric field. The appearance of peak at the onset of transient is shown to be the signature of diffusive regime of transport. We demonstrate it for two representative materials, Alq 3 and polymer poly [2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene], with the focus on the role of hot carriers in transport and their diffusivity.","publication_date":"2011,,","publication_name":"Physical Review B","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"70976714"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Simultaneous and direct measurement of carrier diffusion constant and mobility in organic semiconductors and deviation from standard Einstein relation","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [136376]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":70976714,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Simultaneous and direct measurement of carrier diffusion constant and mobility in organic semiconductors and deviation from standard Einstein relation”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/70976714/mini_magick20211002-27270-1xe4uhu.png?1633166914" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Simultaneous and direct measurement of carrier diffusion constant and mobility in organic semiconductors and deviation from standard Einstein relation</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="136376" href="https://iitk.academia.edu/YashowantaNMohapatra"><img alt="Profile image of Yashowanta N. Mohapatra" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Yashowanta N. Mohapatra</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, Physical Review B</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">4 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 54775919; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=54775919"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">We show that the shape of electroluminescence transients in organic semiconductors can be conveniently used to obtain the diffusion constant D of injected charge carriers, enabling the study of generalized Einstein relationship under nonequilibrium conditions as a function of the electric field. The appearance of peak at the onset of transient is shown to be the signature of diffusive regime of transport. We demonstrate it for two representative materials, Alq 3 and polymer poly [2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene], with the focus on the role of hot carriers in transport and their diffusivity.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":70976714,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/54775919/Simultaneous_and_direct_measurement_of_carrier_diffusion_constant_and_mobility_in_organic_semiconductors_and_deviation_from_standard_Einstein_relation"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":70976714,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/54775919/Simultaneous_and_direct_measurement_of_carrier_diffusion_constant_and_mobility_in_organic_semiconductors_and_deviation_from_standard_Einstein_relation"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Here we present transport measurements in organic field-effect transistors based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and 6,13-bis(triisopropyl-silylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-pentacene) with short channels, from room temperature down to 4.2 K. Near 300 K transport in both systems is well described by a model of thermally assisted hopping with Poole-Frenkel-like electric field enhancement of the mobility. At low temperatures and large gate voltages, transport in both materials becomes nearly temperature independent, crossing over into a regime described by field-driven tunneling. These data, particularly in TIPS-pentacene, show that great caution must be exercised when considering more exotic models of low-T transport in these materials.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Transport in organic semiconductors in large electric fields: From thermal activation to field emission","attachmentId":46557099,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11724274/Transport_in_organic_semiconductors_in_large_electric_fields_From_thermal_activation_to_field_emission","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/11724274/Transport_in_organic_semiconductors_in_large_electric_fields_From_thermal_activation_to_field_emission"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="76611838" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76611838/Charge_Transport_in_Organic_Semiconductors">Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="220973527" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnnaK%C3%B6hler7">Anna Köhler</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Chemical Reviews, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Modern optoelectronic devices, such as light-emitting diodes, fieldeffect transistors and organic solar cells require well controlled motion of charges for their efficient operation. The understanding of the processes that determine charge transport is therefore of paramount importance for designing materials with improved structure-property relationships. Before discussing different regimes of charge transport in organic semiconductors, we present a brief introduction into the conceptual framework in which we interpret the relevant photophysical processes. That is, we compare a molecular picture of electronic excitations against the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger semiconductor band model. After a brief description of experimental techniques needed to measure charge mobilities, we then elaborate on the parameters controlling charge transport in technologically relevant materials. Thus, we consider the influences of electronic coupling between molecular units, disorder, polaronic effects and space charge. A particular focus is given to the recent progress made in understanding charge transport on short time scales and short length scales. The mechanism for charge injection is briefly addressed towards the end of this chapter. Keywords Charge carrier mobility Á Charge transport Á Organic semiconductors Á Molecular model Á Gaussian disorder model Á SSH model Á Organic optoelectronics Contents</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors","attachmentId":84279699,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/76611838/Charge_Transport_in_Organic_Semiconductors","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/76611838/Charge_Transport_in_Organic_Semiconductors"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="34467040" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34467040/Role_of_Correlation_on_Charge_Carrier_Transport_in_Organic_Molecular_Semiconductors">Role of Correlation on Charge Carrier Transport in Organic Molecular Semiconductors</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="67905913" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SubhasisGhosh8">Subhasis Ghosh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We have investigated the charge carrier transport in organic molecular semiconductors. It has been found that mobility is a function of electric field and temperature due to hopping conduction. Several theoretical models for charge transport in disordered solids have been debated over the role of spatial and energetic correlation in these systems and such correlations have been recently shown to explain the universal electric field dependence of mobility. We have compared and evaluated the applicability of different theoretically proposed models using very simple experimental results and based on our extensive analysis, we have found that correlation is important to explain the electrical transport in these systems.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Role of Correlation on Charge Carrier Transport in Organic Molecular Semiconductors","attachmentId":54339409,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34467040/Role_of_Correlation_on_Charge_Carrier_Transport_in_Organic_Molecular_Semiconductors","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34467040/Role_of_Correlation_on_Charge_Carrier_Transport_in_Organic_Molecular_Semiconductors"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="25271473" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25271473/Electric_field_dependent_charge_transport_in_organic_semiconductors">Electric field-dependent charge transport in organic semiconductors</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43841026" href="https://kuleuven.academia.edu/JanGenoe">Jan Genoe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Applied Physics Letters, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Electric field-dependent charge transport in organic semiconductors","attachmentId":45574412,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25271473/Electric_field_dependent_charge_transport_in_organic_semiconductors","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25271473/Electric_field_dependent_charge_transport_in_organic_semiconductors"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="120994544" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/120994544/Carrier_concentration_dependence_of_the_mobility_in_organic_semiconductors">Carrier concentration dependence of the mobility in organic semiconductors</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="221673719" href="https://independent.academia.edu/hanskosina">hans kosina</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Synthetic Metals, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Charge transport in organic materials as a function of carrier concentration is investigated. An analytical model of the concentration dependent mobility based on the variable hopping range theory is formulated. This model is applied to analyze the discrepancy between the experimental mobilities extracted from FETs and LEDs. The result shows that an exponential density of states (DOS) is a good approximation of the tail states for describing the charge transport in FETs. When applied to the low carrier concentration regime, for example to the LEDs regime, a Gaussian DOS should be assumed.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Carrier concentration dependence of the mobility in organic semiconductors","attachmentId":115976347,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120994544/Carrier_concentration_dependence_of_the_mobility_in_organic_semiconductors","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/120994544/Carrier_concentration_dependence_of_the_mobility_in_organic_semiconductors"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="51512403" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51512403/Charge_carrier_transport_in_disordered_polymers">Charge-carrier transport in disordered polymers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="18379324" href="https://phyche.academia.edu/SergeyNovikov">Sergey Novikov</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 2003</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">General properties of charge carrier transport in disordered organic materials are discussed. Spatial correlation between energies of transport sites determines the form of the drift mobility field dependence. Particular kind of spatial correlation in a disordered material depends on its nature. Mobility field dependences have to be different in polar and nonpolar materials. Different methods of mobility calculation from the shape of photocurrent transient are analyzed. A widely used method is very sensitive to the variation of the shape of the transient and sometimes produces results that effectively masquerade the true dependence of the mobility on electric field or trap concentration. Arguments in favor of the better, more reliable method are suggested. Charge transport in materials containing charged traps is considered without using the isolated trap approximation and this leads to qualitatively different results. They indicate that the effect of charged traps can hardly be responsible for experimentally observed transport properties of disordered organic materials.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Charge-carrier transport in disordered polymers","attachmentId":69206635,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51512403/Charge_carrier_transport_in_disordered_polymers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51512403/Charge_carrier_transport_in_disordered_polymers"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="100875090" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100875090/First_principles_determination_of_charge_carrier_mobility_in_disordered_semiconducting_polymers">First-principles determination of charge carrier mobility in disordered semiconducting polymers</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="267457603" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Lizi34">Li zi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Physical Review B, 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We propose a theoretical method that can predict carrier mobility in disordered semiconducting polymers and organic semiconductors from first principles. The method is based on nonadiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics and static master equation, treating dynamic and static disorder on the same footing. We have applied the method to calculate the hole mobility in disordered poly͑3-hexylthiophene͒ conjugated polymers as a function of temperature and electric field and obtained excellent agreements with corresponding experimental results. The method could be used to explore structure-mobility relation in disordered semiconducting polymers/organic semiconductors and aid rational design of these materials.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"First-principles determination of charge carrier mobility in disordered semiconducting polymers","attachmentId":101572596,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100875090/First_principles_determination_of_charge_carrier_mobility_in_disordered_semiconducting_polymers","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/100875090/First_principles_determination_of_charge_carrier_mobility_in_disordered_semiconducting_polymers"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="7142343" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7142343/Diffusivity_and_mobility_of_non_equilibrium_carriers_in_organic_semiconductors_Existence_of_critical_field_determining_temperature_dependence">Diffusivity and mobility of non-equilibrium carriers in organic semiconductors: Existence of critical field determining temperature dependence</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12322049" href="https://itk.academia.edu/DurgeshChandTripathi">Durgesh Chand Tripathi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This article is copyrighted as indicated in the abstract. Reuse of AIP content is subject to the terms at: http://scitation.aip.org/termsconditions. Downloaded to ] IP: 115.248.114.51 On: Thu</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Diffusivity and mobility of non-equilibrium carriers in organic semiconductors: Existence of critical field determining temperature dependence","attachmentId":33778397,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7142343/Diffusivity_and_mobility_of_non_equilibrium_carriers_in_organic_semiconductors_Existence_of_critical_field_determining_temperature_dependence","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7142343/Diffusivity_and_mobility_of_non_equilibrium_carriers_in_organic_semiconductors_Existence_of_critical_field_determining_temperature_dependence"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="86756570" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/86756570/Optical_conductivity_and_optical_effective_mass_in_a_high_mobility_organic_semiconductor_Implications_for_the_nature_of_charge_transport">Optical conductivity and optical effective mass in a high-mobility organic semiconductor: Implications for the nature of charge transport</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57022877" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VeaceslavCoropceanu">Veaceslav Coropceanu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Physical Review B, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We present a multiscale modeling of the infrared optical properties of the rubrene crystal. The results are in very good agreement with the experimental data that point to nonmonotonic features in the optical conductivity spectrum and small optical effective masses. We find that, in the static-disorder approximation, the nonlocal electron-phonon interactions stemming from low-frequency lattice vibrations can decrease the optical effective masses and lead to lighter quasiparticles. On the other hand, the charge-transport and infrared optical properties of the rubrene crystal at room temperature are demonstrated to be governed by localized carriers driven by inherent thermal disorders. Our findings underline that the presence of apparently light carriers in high-mobility organic semiconductors does not necessarily imply bandlike transport.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Optical conductivity and optical effective mass in a high-mobility organic semiconductor: Implications for the nature of charge transport","attachmentId":91138314,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86756570/Optical_conductivity_and_optical_effective_mass_in_a_high_mobility_organic_semiconductor_Implications_for_the_nature_of_charge_transport","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/86756570/Optical_conductivity_and_optical_effective_mass_in_a_high_mobility_organic_semiconductor_Implications_for_the_nature_of_charge_transport"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="14462873" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14462873/Distribution_of_charge_carrier_transport_properties_in_organic_semiconductors_with_Gaussian_disorder">Distribution of charge carrier transport properties in organic semiconductors with Gaussian disorder</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33405613" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidVocke">David Vocke</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Applied Physics, 2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The charge carrier drift mobility in disordered semiconductors is commonly graphically extracted from timeof-flight (TOF) photocurrent transients yielding a single transit time. However, the term transit time is ambiguously defined and fails to deliver a mobility in terms of a statistical average. Here, we introduce an advanced computational procedure to evaluate TOF transients, which allows to extract the whole distribution of transit times and mobilities from the photocurrent transient, instead of a single value. This method, extending the work of Scott et al. (Phys. Rev. B 46, 8603), is applicable to disordered systems with a Gaussian density of states (DOS) and its accuracy is validated using one-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate the superiority of this new approach by comparing it to the common geometrical analysis of hole TOF transients measured on poly(3-hexyl thiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT). The extracted distributions provide access to a very detailed and accurate analysis of the charge carrier transport. For instance, not only the mobility given by the mean transit time, but also the mean mobility can be calculated. Whereas the latter determines the macroscopic photocurrent, the former is relevant for an accurate determination of the energetic disorder parameter σ within the Gaussian disorder model (GDM). σ derived by using the common geometrical method is, as we show, underestimated instead. arXiv: 1209.1922v5 [cond-mat.dis-nn]</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Distribution of charge carrier transport properties in organic semiconductors with Gaussian disorder","attachmentId":44132426,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14462873/Distribution_of_charge_carrier_transport_properties_in_organic_semiconductors_with_Gaussian_disorder","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14462873/Distribution_of_charge_carrier_transport_properties_in_organic_semiconductors_with_Gaussian_disorder"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":70976714,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":70976714,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_70976714" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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