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class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ثدييات حقيقية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ثدييات حقيقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euteriyalar" title="Euteriyalar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Euteriyalar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="وتریا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="وتریا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chin-si%C3%B9-l%C5%ABi" title="Chin-siù-lūi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chin-siù-lūi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Еутерии – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Еутерии" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euteris" title="Euteris – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Euteris" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%AE%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Ευθήρια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ευθήρια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هوددان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوددان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EC%88%98%ED%95%98%EA%B0%95" title="진수하강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="진수하강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legk%C3%B6kud%C3%BDr" title="Legkökudýr – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Legkökudýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="אאותריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אאותריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%93%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D2%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Жоғарғы сатыдағы аңдар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жоғарғы сатыдағы аңдар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echte_bie%C3%ABster" title="Echte bieëster – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Echte bieëster" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%8D%A3%E4%B8%8B%E7%B6%B1" title="真獣下綱 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="真獣下綱" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ssaki_wy%C5%BCsze" title="Ssaki wyższe – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ssaki wyższe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria_(%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%88%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%86%D1%A3)" title="Eutheria (высшы ссавцѣ) – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Eutheria (высшы ссавцѣ)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Эутерии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эутерии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haagere_Suugedierte" title="Haagere Suugedierte – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Haagere Suugedierte" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placentovce" title="Placentovce – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Placentovce" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Виши сисари – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Виши сисари" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C5%A1i_sisavci" title="Viši sisavci – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Viši sisavci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="மெய்ப்பாலூட்டிகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெய்ப்பாலூட்டிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%89%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D1%96" title="Вищі звірі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вищі звірі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Eutheria" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%8D%B8%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%B1" title="真獸亞綱 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="真獸亞綱" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%8D%B8%E4%B8%8B%E7%B6%B1" title="真獸下綱 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="真獸下綱" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17092469#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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style="display:inline-block;">Early Cretaceous–Recent</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:165.33846153846px; width:54.661538461538px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:170.92307692308px; width:49.076923076923px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:171.92307692308px; width:47.076923076923px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Microtherulum_oneirodes_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Microtherulum_oneirodes_%28cropped%29.png/250px-Microtherulum_oneirodes_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Microtherulum_oneirodes_%28cropped%29.png/375px-Microtherulum_oneirodes_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Microtherulum_oneirodes_%28cropped%29.png/500px-Microtherulum_oneirodes_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1918" data-file-height="481" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Skeleton of <i><a href="/wiki/Microtherulum" title="Microtherulum">Microtherulum</a></i>, a basal eutherian from the Early Cretaceous of China </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tupaia_belangeri_68165855.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Tupaia_belangeri_68165855.jpg/250px-Tupaia_belangeri_68165855.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Tupaia_belangeri_68165855.jpg/375px-Tupaia_belangeri_68165855.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Tupaia_belangeri_68165855.jpg/500px-Tupaia_belangeri_68165855.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1547" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_treeshrew" title="Northern treeshrew">Northern treeshrew</a> (<i>Tupaia belangeri</i>), a placental eutherian from Southeast Asia </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Eutheria" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subclass: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">Theria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutheria</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Gill" title="Theodore Gill">Gill</a>, 1872</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Subgroups </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p>see text. </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Eutheria</b> (from Greek <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">εὐ-</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">eú-</i></span> 'good, right' and <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">θηρίον</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">thēríon</i></span> 'beast'; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">true beasts</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), also called <b>Pan-Placentalia</b>, is the <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clade</a> consisting of <a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">placental mammals</a> and all <a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">therian</a> mammals that are more closely related to placentals than to marsupials. </p><p>Eutherians are distinguished from noneutherians by various <a href="/wiki/Phenotypic_trait" title="Phenotypic trait">phenotypic traits</a> of the feet, ankles, jaws and teeth. All extant eutherians lack <a href="/wiki/Epipubic_bone" title="Epipubic bone">epipubic bones</a>, which are present in all other living mammals (marsupials and <a href="/wiki/Monotreme" title="Monotreme">monotremes</a>). This allows for expansion of the abdomen during pregnancy,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though epipubic bones are present in many primitive eutherians.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eutheria was named in 1872 by <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Gill" title="Theodore Gill">Theodore Gill</a>; in 1880, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Huxley" title="Thomas Henry Huxley">Thomas Henry Huxley</a> defined it to encompass a more broadly defined group than Placentalia.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest unambiguous eutherians are known from the Early Cretaceous <a href="/wiki/Yixian_Formation" title="Yixian Formation">Yixian Formation</a> of China, dating around 120 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two tribosphenic mammals, <i><a href="/wiki/Durlstodon" title="Durlstodon">Durlstodon</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Durlstotherium" title="Durlstotherium">Durlstotherium</a></i> from the <a href="/wiki/Berriasian" title="Berriasian">Berriasian</a> age (~145-140 million years ago) of the <a href="/wiki/Early_Cretaceous" title="Early Cretaceous">Early Cretaceous</a> in southern <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> have also been suggested to represent early eutherians.<sup id="cite_ref-Berriasian_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berriasian-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another possible eutherian species <i><a href="/wiki/Juramaia" title="Juramaia">Juramaia sinensis</a></i> has been dated at <span class="nourlexpansion plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geoltime.github.io/?Ma=161">161</a> million years ago</span> from the early <a href="/wiki/Late_Jurassic" title="Late Jurassic">Late Jurassic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oxfordian_(stage)" title="Oxfordian (stage)">Oxfordian</a>) of China.<sup id="cite_ref-Juramaia_Nature_2011_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Juramaia_Nature_2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However some authors have considered <i>Juramaia</i> as a stem <a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">therian</a> instead,<sup id="cite_ref-Berriasian_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berriasian-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and some sources have doubted the dating of the specimen.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambridge_Natural_History_Mammalia_Fig_068.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Cambridge_Natural_History_Mammalia_Fig_068.png/170px-Cambridge_Natural_History_Mammalia_Fig_068.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Cambridge_Natural_History_Mammalia_Fig_068.png/255px-Cambridge_Natural_History_Mammalia_Fig_068.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Cambridge_Natural_History_Mammalia_Fig_068.png/340px-Cambridge_Natural_History_Mammalia_Fig_068.png 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="7724" /></a><figcaption>The entocuneiform bone</figcaption></figure> <p>Distinguishing features are: </p> <ul><li>an enlarged <a href="/wiki/Malleolus" title="Malleolus">malleolus</a> ("little hammer") at the bottom of the <a href="/wiki/Tibia" title="Tibia">tibia</a>, the larger of the two shin bones<sup id="cite_ref-JiLuoYuan2002EarliestEutherian_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JiLuoYuan2002EarliestEutherian-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/Joint" title="Joint">joint</a> between the first <a href="/wiki/Metatarsal_bones" title="Metatarsal bones">metatarsal bone</a> and the entocuneiform bone (the innermost of the three <a href="/wiki/Cuneiform_bones" title="Cuneiform bones">cuneiform bones</a>) in the foot is offset farther back than the joint between the second metatarsal and middle cuneiform bones—in metatherians these joints are level with each other<sup id="cite_ref-JiLuoYuan2002EarliestEutherian_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JiLuoYuan2002EarliestEutherian-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>various features of jaws and teeth<sup id="cite_ref-JiLuoYuan2002EarliestEutherian_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JiLuoYuan2002EarliestEutherian-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including: having three molars in the halves of each jaw, each upper canine having two roots, the paraconid on the last lower premolar is pronounced, the <a href="/wiki/Talonid" class="mw-redirect" title="Talonid">talonid</a> region of the lower molars is narrower than the <a href="/wiki/Trigonid" class="mw-redirect" title="Trigonid">trigonid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eutheria (i.e. Placentalia <i><a href="/wiki/Sensu" title="Sensu">sensu</a> lato</i>, Pan-Placentalia):<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Bundling_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim has too many footnotes for reading to be smooth. (April 2024)">excessive citations</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li>incertae sedis: <ul><li>?Family †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Holoclemensiidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holoclemensiidae (page does not exist)">Holoclemensiidae</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (often considered a basal <a href="/wiki/Metatheria" title="Metatheria">metatherian</a>)</li> <li>?Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Hyotheridium" title="Hyotheridium">Hyotheridium</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>?Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Endotherium (page does not exist)">Endotherium</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Durlstodon" title="Durlstodon">Durlstodon</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Durlstotherium" title="Durlstotherium">Durlstotherium</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Microtherulum" title="Microtherulum">Microtherulum</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Sinodelphys" title="Sinodelphys">Sinodelphys</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Cokotherium" title="Cokotherium">Cokotherium</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Ambolestes" title="Ambolestes">Ambolestes</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Montanalestes" title="Montanalestes">Montanalestes</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indoclemensia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indoclemensia (page does not exist)">Indoclemensia</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>?Family †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Horolodectidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horolodectidae (page does not exist)">Horolodectidae</a> (might belong somewhere within Placentalia <i>sensu stricto</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>?Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Juramaia" title="Juramaia">Juramaia</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Eomaia" title="Eomaia">Eomaia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Acristatherium" title="Acristatherium">Acristatherium</a></i></li> <li><i>Clade</i> †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamirtheria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamirtheria (page does not exist)">Tamirtheria</a> ? (monophyly disputed<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) <ul><li>Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prokennalestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prokennalestes (page does not exist)">Prokennalestes</a></i></li> <li>?Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovurlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hovurlestes (page does not exist)">Hovurlestes</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murtoilestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murtoilestes (page does not exist)">Murtoilestes</a></i></li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bobolestes (page does not exist)">Bobolestes</a></i> (inclusive of the former genus <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Otlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otlestes (page does not exist)">Otlestes</a></i>)</li> <li>Family †<a href="/wiki/Adapisoriculidae" title="Adapisoriculidae">Adapisoriculidae</a> (inclusive of the genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Sahnitherium" title="Sahnitherium">Sahnitherium</a></i>)</li> <li>Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranyctoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranyctoides (page does not exist)">Paranyctoides</a></i></li> <li>Family †<a href="/wiki/Zhelestidae" title="Zhelestidae">Zhelestidae</a> (inclusive of the genus <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eozhelestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eozhelestes (page does not exist)">Eozhelestes</a></i>)</li> <li>Family †<a href="/wiki/Cimolestidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cimolestidae">Cimolestidae</a> (inclusive of the genera †<i><a href="/wiki/Maelestes" title="Maelestes">Maelestes</a></i> and †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Batodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batodon (page does not exist)">Batodon</a></i>)</li> <li>?Order †<a href="/wiki/Taeniodonta" title="Taeniodonta">Taeniodonta</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Order †<a href="/wiki/Asioryctitheria" title="Asioryctitheria">Asioryctitheria</a></li> <li>Family †<a href="/wiki/Zalambdalestidae" title="Zalambdalestidae">Zalambdalestidae</a></li> <li>Order †<a href="/wiki/Leptictida" title="Leptictida">Leptictida</a></li> <li>?Family †<a href="/wiki/Didymoconidae" title="Didymoconidae">Didymoconidae</a></li></ul></li> <li>?Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Purgatorius" title="Purgatorius">Purgatorius</a></i></li> <li>?Genus †<i><a href="/wiki/Protungulatum" title="Protungulatum">Protungulatum</a></i></li> <li>?Genus †<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxyprimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxyprimus (page does not exist)">Oxyprimus</a></i></li> <li>Infraclass <a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">Placentalia</a> <i>sensu stricto</i></li></ul> <p>Notes: </p> <ul><li>Some older systems contained an order called <a href="/wiki/Cimolesta" title="Cimolesta">Cimolesta</a> (<i>sensu lato</i>), which contains the above taxa Cimolestidae, Taeniodonta and Didymoconidae, but also (all or some of) the taxa †<a href="/wiki/Ptolemaiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaiidae">Ptolemaiidae</a>, †<a href="/wiki/Palaeoryctidae" title="Palaeoryctidae">Palaeoryctidae</a>, †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wyolestidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wyolestidae (page does not exist)">Wyolestidae</a>, †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantolesta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantolesta (page does not exist)">Pantolesta</a> (probably inclusive of the family †<a href="/w/index.php?title=Horolodectidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horolodectidae (page does not exist)">Horolodectidae</a>), †<a href="/wiki/Tillodontia" title="Tillodontia">Tillodontia</a>, †<a href="/wiki/Apatotheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Apatotheria">Apatotheria</a>, †<a href="/wiki/Pantodonta" title="Pantodonta">Pantodonta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pholidota" class="mw-redirect" title="Pholidota">Pholidota</a> and †<a href="/wiki/Palaeanodonta" title="Palaeanodonta">Palaeanodonta</a>. Those additional taxa (all of which are usually considered members of Placentalia <i>sensu stricto</i> today) were thus also placed among basal Eutheria in such older systems and were placed next to Cimolestidae.</li> <li>Some systems also included the †<a href="/wiki/Creodonta" title="Creodonta">Creodonta</a> and/or †<a href="/wiki/Dinocerata" title="Dinocerata">Dinocerata</a> as basal Eutherians.</li> <li>Some authors classify the taxa, which are at the end of the above system of basal Eutheria, as part of Placentalia <i>sensu stricto</i>. More specifically, depending on the author, this applies to the taxa of the above system that are placed from (and inclusive of) Leptictida or Asioryctitheria or Adapisoriculidae down to (and inclusive of) <i>Oxyprimus</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolutionary_history">Evolutionary history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Evolutionary history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eutheria contains several <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinct</a> <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genera</a> as well as larger groups, many with complicated <a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">taxonomic</a> histories still not fully understood. Members of the <a href="/wiki/Adapisoriculidae" title="Adapisoriculidae">Adapisoriculidae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cimolesta" title="Cimolesta">Cimolesta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leptictida" title="Leptictida">Leptictida</a> have been previously placed within the outdated placental group <a href="/wiki/Insectivora" title="Insectivora">Insectivora</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Zhelestidae" title="Zhelestidae">zhelestids</a> have been considered primitive <a href="/wiki/Ungulate" title="Ungulate">ungulates</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rose_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rose-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, more recent studies have suggested these enigmatic taxa represent <a href="/wiki/Crown_group" title="Crown group">stem group</a> eutherians, more basal to Placentalia.<sup id="cite_ref-Wibleetal2007_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wibleetal2007-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wibleetal09_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wibleetal09-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The weakly favoured cladogram favours Boreoeutheria as a basal eutherian clade as sister to the Atlantogenata.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">Placentalia   </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Atlantogenata" title="Atlantogenata">Atlantogenata</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Xenarthra" title="Xenarthra">Xenarthra</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Afrotheria" title="Afrotheria">Afrotheria</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Boreoeutheria" title="Boreoeutheria">Boreoeutheria</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Euarchontoglires" title="Euarchontoglires">Euarchontoglires</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>Phylogeny after Wang & Wang, 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Metatheria" title="Metatheria">Metatheria</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><b>Eutheria</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Sinodelphys" title="Sinodelphys">Sinodelphys</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Ambolestes" title="Ambolestes">Ambolestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Acristatherium" title="Acristatherium">Acristatherium</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Microtherulum" title="Microtherulum">Microtherulum</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Cokotherium" title="Cokotherium">Cokotherium</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Juramaia" title="Juramaia">Juramaia</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Eomaia" title="Eomaia">Eomaia</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prokennalestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prokennalestes (page does not exist)">Prokennalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murtoilestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murtoilestes (page does not exist)">Murtoilestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Montanalestes" title="Montanalestes">Montanalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daulestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daulestes (page does not exist)">Daulestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Ukhaatherium" title="Ukhaatherium">Ukhaatherium</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asioryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asioryctes (page does not exist)">Asioryctes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Kennalestes" title="Kennalestes">Kennalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Gypsonictops" title="Gypsonictops">Gypsonictops</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Cimolestes" title="Cimolestes">Cimolestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Zalambdalestes" title="Zalambdalestes">Zalambdalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspanlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspanlestes (page does not exist)">Aspanlestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Protungulatum" title="Protungulatum">Protungulatum</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eoungulatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eoungulatum (page does not exist)">Eoungulatum</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>†<i><a href="/wiki/Leptictis" title="Leptictis">Leptictis</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">Placentalia</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>Below is a phylogeny from Gheerbrant & Teodori (2021):<sup id="cite_ref-gheerbrant&teodori2021_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gheerbrant&teodori2021-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutheria</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Eomaia" title="Eomaia">Eomaia</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prokennalestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prokennalestes (page does not exist)">Prokennalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murtoilestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murtoilestes (page does not exist)">Murtoilestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bobolestes (page does not exist)">Bobolestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Montanalestes" title="Montanalestes">Montanalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranyctoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranyctoides (page does not exist)">Paranyctoides</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Zhelestidae" title="Zhelestidae">Zhelestidae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheikhdheilia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheikhdheilia (page does not exist)">Sheikhdheilia</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lainodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lainodon (page does not exist)">Lainodon</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alostera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alostera (page does not exist)">Alostera</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eozhelestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eozhelestes (page does not exist)">Eozhelestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avitotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avitotherium (page does not exist)">Avitotherium</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parazhelestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parazhelestes (page does not exist)">Parazhelestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspanlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspanlestes (page does not exist)">Aspanlestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhelestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhelestes (page does not exist)">Zhelestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Borisodon" title="Borisodon">Borisodon</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallolestes (page does not exist)">Gallolestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eoungulatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eoungulatum (page does not exist)">Eoungulatum</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Valentinella" title="Valentinella">Valentinella</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Azilestes" title="Azilestes">Azilestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulaklestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulaklestes (page does not exist)">Bulaklestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daulestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daulestes (page does not exist)">Daulestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uchkududon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uchkududon (page does not exist)">Uchkududon</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Cimolestes" title="Cimolestes">Cimolestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Maelestes" title="Maelestes">Maelestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Batodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batodon (page does not exist)">Batodon</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Kennalestes" title="Kennalestes">Kennalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asioryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asioryctes (page does not exist)">Asioryctes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Ukhaatherium" title="Ukhaatherium">Ukhaatherium</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Deccanolestes" title="Deccanolestes">Deccanolestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kulbeckia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kulbeckia (page does not exist)">Kulbeckia</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhangolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhangolestes (page does not exist)">Zhangolestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Zalambdalestes" title="Zalambdalestes">Zalambdalestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barunlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barunlestes (page does not exist)">Barunlestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alymlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alymlestes (page does not exist)">Alymlestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mistralestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mistralestes (page does not exist)">Mistralestes</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Gypsonictops" title="Gypsonictops">Gypsonictops</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Leptictis" title="Leptictis">Leptictis</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Purgatorius" title="Purgatorius">Purgatorius</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Protungulatum" title="Protungulatum">Protungulatum</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxyprimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxyprimus (page does not exist)">Oxyprimus</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Arctocyon" title="Arctocyon">Arctocyon</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Vulpavus" title="Vulpavus">Vulpavus</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Miacis" title="Miacis">Miacis</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Diacodexis" title="Diacodexis">Diacodexis</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Hyopsodus" title="Hyopsodus">Hyopsodus</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Meniscotherium" title="Meniscotherium">Meniscotherium</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Phenacodus" title="Phenacodus">Phenacodus</a></i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>extant <a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">Placentalia</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many non-placental eutherians are thought to have been <a href="/wiki/Insectivore" title="Insectivore">insectivores</a>, as is the case with many primitive mammals.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/Zhelestidae" title="Zhelestidae">zhelestids</a> are thought to have been herbivorous.<sup id="cite_ref-gheerbrant&teodori2021_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gheerbrant&teodori2021-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Body size of eutherians was generally small during the Cretaceous period, but the range of body sizes increased dramatically after the <a href="/wiki/K-Pg_extinction" class="mw-redirect" title="K-Pg extinction">K-Pg extinction</a>, predominantly among placentals.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eutheria" title="Template:Eutheria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eutheria" title="Template talk:Eutheria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eutheria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eutheria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eutheria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutheria</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="*_Kingdom:_Animalia_*_Phylum:_Chordata_*_Class:_Mammalia_*_Subclass:_Theria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Subclass: <a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">Theria</a></li></ul> </span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Synapsida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Synapsida" title="Synapsida">Synapsida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Synapsida" title="Template:Synapsida">Synapsida</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cynodont" class="mw-redirect" title="Cynodont">Cynodontia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Cynodontia" title="Template:Cynodontia">Cynodontia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Mammalia" title="Template:Mammalia">Mammalia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#ddddff;font-size:115%"><div><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutheria</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Eutheria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position: absolute; transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutheria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Acristatherium" title="Acristatherium">Acristatherium</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Ambolestes" title="Ambolestes">Ambolestes</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bayshinoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayshinoryctes (page does not exist)">Bayshinoryctes</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bobolestes (page does not exist)">Bobolestes</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Cokotherium" title="Cokotherium">Cokotherium</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Durlstodon" title="Durlstodon">Durlstodon</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Durlstotherium" title="Durlstotherium">Durlstotherium</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Endotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Endotherium (page does not exist)">Endotherium</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Eomaia" title="Eomaia">Eomaia</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovurlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hovurlestes (page does not exist)">Hovurlestes</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Hyotheridium" title="Hyotheridium">Hyotheridium</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indoclemensia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indoclemensia (page does not exist)">Indoclemensia</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Juramaia" title="Juramaia">Juramaia</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Microtherulum" title="Microtherulum">Microtherulum</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Montanalestes" title="Montanalestes">Montanalestes</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murtoilestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murtoilestes (page does not exist)">Murtoilestes</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prokennalestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prokennalestes (page does not exist)">Prokennalestes</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Sinodelphys" title="Sinodelphys">Sinodelphys</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Adapisoriculidae" title="Adapisoriculidae">Adapisoriculidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adapisoriculus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adapisoriculus (page does not exist)">Adapisoriculus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Afrodon" title="Afrodon">Afrodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bustylus" title="Bustylus">Bustylus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deccanolestes" title="Deccanolestes">Deccanolestes</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garatherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garatherium (page does not exist)">Garatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Namibiodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Namibiodon (page does not exist)">Namibiodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Remiculus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Remiculus (page does not exist)">Remiculus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sahnitherium" title="Sahnitherium">Sahnitherium</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wyonycteris" title="Wyonycteris">Wyonycteris</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Asioryctitheria" title="Asioryctitheria">Asioryctitheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asioryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asioryctes (page does not exist)">Asioryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulaklestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulaklestes (page does not exist)">Bulaklestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daulestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daulestes (page does not exist)">Daulestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kennalestes" title="Kennalestes">Kennalestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sasayamamylos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sasayamamylos (page does not exist)">Sasayamamylos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uchkudukodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uchkudukodon (page does not exist)">Uchkudukodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ukhaatherium" title="Ukhaatherium">Ukhaatherium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Cimolestidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cimolestidae">Cimolestidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aboletylestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aboletylestes (page does not exist)">Aboletylestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acmeodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acmeodon (page does not exist)">Acmeodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alveugena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alveugena (page does not exist)">Alveugena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambilestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambilestes (page does not exist)">Ambilestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avunculus_(mammal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avunculus (mammal) (page does not exist)">Avunculus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagalestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagalestes (page does not exist)">Bagalestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Batodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batodon (page does not exist)">Batodon</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Betonnia" title="Betonnia">Betonnia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chacopterygus" title="Chacopterygus">Chacopterygus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cimolestes" title="Cimolestes">Cimolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didelphodus" title="Didelphodus">Didelphodus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gelastops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gelastops (page does not exist)">Gelastops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ilerdoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ilerdoryctes (page does not exist)">Ilerdoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maelestes" title="Maelestes">Maelestes</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naranius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naranius (page does not exist)">Naranius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paleotomus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paleotomus (page does not exist)">Paleotomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pararyctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pararyctes (page does not exist)">Pararyctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Procerberus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Procerberus (page does not exist)">Procerberus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protentomodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protentomodon (page does not exist)">Protentomodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Puercolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Puercolestes (page does not exist)">Puercolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scollardius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scollardius (page does not exist)">Scollardius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsaganius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsaganius (page does not exist)">Tsaganius</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Didymoconidae" title="Didymoconidae">Didymoconidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeoryctes (page does not exist)">Archaeoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardynictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ardynictis (page does not exist)">Ardynictis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didymoconus" title="Didymoconus">Didymoconus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hunanictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hunanictis (page does not exist)">Hunanictis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kennatherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kennatherium (page does not exist)">Kennatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeuctherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeuctherium (page does not exist)">Zeuctherium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horolodectidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horolodectidae (page does not exist)">Horolodectidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferrequitherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferrequitherium (page does not exist)">Ferrequitherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horolodectes" title="Horolodectes">Horolodectes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Leptictida" title="Leptictida">Leptictida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gypsonictopidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gypsonictopidae">Gypsonictopidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gypsonictops" title="Gypsonictops">Gypsonictops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sikuomys" title="Sikuomys">Sikuomys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudorhyncocyonidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudorhyncocyonidae (page does not exist)">Pseudorhyncocyonidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diaphyodectes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diaphyodectes (page does not exist)">Diaphyodectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leptictidium" title="Leptictidium">Leptictidium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phakodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phakodon (page does not exist)">Phakodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudorhyncocyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudorhyncocyon (page does not exist)">Pseudorhyncocyon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptictidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptictidae (page does not exist)">Leptictidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amphigyion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amphigyion (page does not exist)">Amphigyion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blacktops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blacktops (page does not exist)">Blacktops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallolestes (page does not exist)">Gallolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ictopidium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ictopidium (page does not exist)">Ictopidium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Labes_(mammal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Labes (mammal) (page does not exist)">Labes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lainodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lainodon (page does not exist)">Lainodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leptictis" title="Leptictis">Leptictis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptonysson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptonysson (page does not exist)">Leptonysson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megaleptictis" title="Megaleptictis">Megaleptictis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myrmecoboides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myrmecoboides (page does not exist)">Myrmecoboides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ongghonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ongghonia (page does not exist)">Ongghonia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palaeictops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palaeictops (page does not exist)">Palaeictops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Praolestes (page does not exist)">Praolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prodiacodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prodiacodon (page does not exist)">Prodiacodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protictops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protictops (page does not exist)">Protictops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wania_(mammal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wania (mammal) (page does not exist)">Wania</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Palaeoryctidae" title="Palaeoryctidae">Palaeoryctidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aaptoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aaptoryctes (page does not exist)">Aaptoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aceroryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aceroryctes (page does not exist)">Aceroryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eoryctes (page does not exist)">Eoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lainoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lainoryctes (page does not exist)">Lainoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuryctes (page does not exist)">Nuryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ottoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ottoryctes (page does not exist)">Ottoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palaeoryctes" title="Palaeoryctes">Palaeoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pinoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pinoryctes (page does not exist)">Pinoryctes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantolesta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantolesta (page does not exist)">Pantolesta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paroxyclaenidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paroxyclaenidae (page does not exist)">Paroxyclaenidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dulcidon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dulcidon (page does not exist)">Dulcidon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euhookeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euhookeria (page does not exist)">Euhookeria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fratrodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fratrodon (page does not exist)">Fratrodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiinkerishella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiinkerishella (page does not exist)">Kiinkerishella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kopidodon" title="Kopidodon">Kopidodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merialus" title="Merialus">Merialus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paraspaniella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paraspaniella (page does not exist)">Paraspaniella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paroxyclaenus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paroxyclaenus (page does not exist)">Paroxyclaenus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pugiodens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pugiodens (page does not exist)">Pugiodens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sororodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sororodon (page does not exist)">Sororodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spaniella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spaniella (page does not exist)">Spaniella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulpavoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulpavoides (page does not exist)">Vulpavoides</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pantolestidae" title="Pantolestidae">Pantolestidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amaramnis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amaramnis (page does not exist)">Amaramnis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aphronorus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aphronorus (page does not exist)">Aphronorus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bessoecetor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bessoecetor (page does not exist)">Bessoecetor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bisonalveus" title="Bisonalveus">Bisonalveus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bogdia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bogdia (page does not exist)">Bogdia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bouffinomus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bouffinomus (page does not exist)">Bouffinomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Buxolestes" title="Buxolestes">Buxolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chadronia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chadronia (page does not exist)">Chadronia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coriphagus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coriphagus (page does not exist)">Coriphagus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptopithecus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptopithecus (page does not exist)">Cryptopithecus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyspterna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dyspterna (page does not exist)">Dyspterna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galethylax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galethylax (page does not exist)">Galethylax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gobipithecus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gobipithecus (page does not exist)">Gobipithecus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kochictis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kochictis (page does not exist)">Kochictis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oboia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oboia (page does not exist)">Oboia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagonomus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagonomus (page does not exist)">Pagonomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palaeosinopa" title="Palaeosinopa">Palaeosinopa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantolestes (page does not exist)">Pantolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentacodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentacodon (page does not exist)">Pentacodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thelysia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thelysia (page does not exist)">Thelysia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Todralestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Todralestes (page does not exist)">Todralestes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Taeniodonta" title="Taeniodonta">Taeniodonta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Schowalteria" title="Schowalteria">Schowalteria</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Conoryctidae" title="Conoryctidae">Conoryctidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Conoryctella" title="Conoryctella">Conoryctella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conoryctes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conoryctes (page does not exist)">Conoryctes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huerfanodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huerfanodon (page does not exist)">Huerfanodon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Onychodectes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Onychodectes (page does not exist)">Onychodectidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Onychodectes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Onychodectes (page does not exist)">Onychodectes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stylinodontidae" title="Stylinodontidae">Stylinodontidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ectoganus" title="Ectoganus">Ectoganus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psittacotherium" title="Psittacotherium">Psittacotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stylinodon" title="Stylinodon">Stylinodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wortmania" title="Wortmania">Wortmania</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Tillodontia" title="Tillodontia">Tillodontia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adapidium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adapidium (page does not exist)">Adapidium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Azygonyx" title="Azygonyx">Azygonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basalina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basalina (page does not exist)">Basalina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benaius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benaius (page does not exist)">Benaius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chungchienia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chungchienia (page does not exist)">Chungchienia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dysnoetodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dysnoetodon (page does not exist)">Dysnoetodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esthonyx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esthonyx (page does not exist)">Esthonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franchaius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franchaius (page does not exist)">Franchaius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Higotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Higotherium (page does not exist)">Higotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interogale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interogale (page does not exist)">Interogale</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuanchuanius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuanchuanius (page does not exist)">Kuanchuanius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lofochaius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lofochaius (page does not exist)">Lofochaius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megalesthonyx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megalesthonyx (page does not exist)">Megalesthonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meiostylodon" title="Meiostylodon">Meiostylodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plesiesthonyx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plesiesthonyx (page does not exist)">Plesiesthonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plethorodon" title="Plethorodon">Plethorodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simplodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simplodon (page does not exist)">Simplodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tillodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tillodon (page does not exist)">Tillodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trogosus" title="Trogosus">Trogosus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuesthonyx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuesthonyx (page does not exist)">Yuesthonyx</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Zalambdalestidae" title="Zalambdalestidae">Zalambdalestidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alymlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alymlestes (page does not exist)">Alymlestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anchilestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anchilestes (page does not exist)">Anchilestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barunlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barunlestes (page does not exist)">Barunlestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beleutinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beleutinus (page does not exist)">Beleutinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kulbeckia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kulbeckia (page does not exist)">Kulbeckia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prozalambdalestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prozalambdalestes (page does not exist)">Prozalambdalestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zalambdalestes" title="Zalambdalestes">Zalambdalestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhangolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhangolestes (page does not exist)">Zhangolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zofialestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zofialestes (page does not exist)">Zofialestes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Zhelestidae" title="Zhelestidae">Zhelestidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alostera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alostera (page does not exist)">Alostera</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspanlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspanlestes (page does not exist)">Aspanlestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avitotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avitotherium (page does not exist)">Avitotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Azilestes" title="Azilestes">Azilestes</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Borisodon" title="Borisodon">Borisodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eoungulatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eoungulatum (page does not exist)">Eoungulatum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eozhelestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eozhelestes (page does not exist)">Eozhelestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallolestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallolestes (page does not exist)">Gallolestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kharmerungulatum" title="Kharmerungulatum">Kharmerungulatum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khuduklestes" title="Khuduklestes">Khuduklestes</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lainodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lainodon (page does not exist)">Lainodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mistralestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mistralestes (page does not exist)">Mistralestes</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxlestes" title="Oxlestes">Oxlestes</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranyctoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranyctoides (page does not exist)">Paranyctoides</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parazhelestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parazhelestes (page does not exist)">Parazhelestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheikhdzheilia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheikhdzheilia (page does not exist)">Sheikhdzheilia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sorlestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sorlestes (page does not exist)">Sorlestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valentinella" title="Valentinella">Valentinella</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhalmousia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhalmousia (page does not exist)">Zhalmousia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhelestes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhelestes (page does not exist)">Zhelestes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Pantodonta" title="Pantodonta">Pantodonta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Pantodonta" title="Template:Pantodonta">Pantodonta</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">Placentalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Afrotheria" title="Afrotheria">Afrotheria</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Boreoeutheria" title="Boreoeutheria">Boreoeutheria</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Xenarthra" title="Xenarthra">Xenarthra</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span style="display: inline-block; transform: scaleX(-1);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leptictidium.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Leptictidium nasutum"><img alt="Leptictidium nasutum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Leptictidium.png/140px-Leptictidium.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Leptictidium.png/210px-Leptictidium.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Leptictidium.png/280px-Leptictidium.png 2x" data-file-width="4561" data-file-height="2101" /></a></span></span> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palaeosinopa_NT_(without_background).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Palaeosinopa didelphoides"><img alt="Palaeosinopa didelphoides" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Palaeosinopa_NT_%28without_background%29.png/140px-Palaeosinopa_NT_%28without_background%29.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Palaeosinopa_NT_%28without_background%29.png/210px-Palaeosinopa_NT_%28without_background%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Palaeosinopa_NT_%28without_background%29.png/280px-Palaeosinopa_NT_%28without_background%29.png 2x" data-file-width="882" data-file-height="290" /></a></span> <span style="display: inline-block; transform: scaleX(-1);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wortmania_otariidens_recon_1.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Wortmania otariidens"><img alt="Wortmania otariidens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wortmania_otariidens_recon_1.png/140px-Wortmania_otariidens_recon_1.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wortmania_otariidens_recon_1.png/210px-Wortmania_otariidens_recon_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Wortmania_otariidens_recon_1.png/280px-Wortmania_otariidens_recon_1.png 2x" data-file-width="1428" data-file-height="529" /></a></span></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zalambdalestes_NT_small.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zalambdalestes lechei"><img alt="Zalambdalestes lechei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Zalambdalestes_NT_small.jpg/140px-Zalambdalestes_NT_small.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Zalambdalestes_NT_small.jpg/210px-Zalambdalestes_NT_small.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Zalambdalestes_NT_small.jpg/280px-Zalambdalestes_NT_small.jpg 2x" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="268" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_mammal_orders" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mammals" title="Template:Mammals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mammals" title="Template talk:Mammals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mammals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mammals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_mammal_orders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammal</a> orders</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Subphylum <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">Vertebrata</a></li> <li>(unranked) <a href="/wiki/Amniote" title="Amniote">Amniota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yinotheria" title="Yinotheria">Yinotheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Australosphenida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australosphenida" title="Australosphenida">Australosphenida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monotreme" title="Monotreme">Monotremata <small>(platypuses and echidnas)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theria" title="Theria">Theria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metatheria" title="Metatheria">Metatheria</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Marsupial" title="Marsupial">Marsupial</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ameridelphia" title="Ameridelphia">Ameridelphia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paucituberculata" title="Paucituberculata">Paucituberculata <small>(shrew opossums)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opossum" title="Opossum">Didelphimorphia <small>(opossums)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australidelphia" title="Australidelphia">Australidelphia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microbiotheria" title="Microbiotheria">Microbiotheria <small>(monitos del monte)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notoryctidae" title="Notoryctidae">Notoryctemorphia <small>(marsupial moles)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasyuromorphia" title="Dasyuromorphia">Dasyuromorphia <small>(quolls and dunnarts)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peramelemorphia" title="Peramelemorphia">Peramelemorphia <small>(bilbies and bandicoots)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diprotodontia" title="Diprotodontia">Diprotodontia <small>(kangaroos, koalas, and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eutheria</a><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">Placental</a> inclusive)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Atlantogenata" title="Atlantogenata">Atlantogenata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xenarthra" title="Xenarthra">Xenarthra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cingulata" title="Cingulata">Cingulata <small>(armadillos)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilosa" title="Pilosa">Pilosa <small>(anteaters and sloths)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afrotheria" title="Afrotheria">Afrotheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrosoricida" title="Afrosoricida">Afrosoricida <small>(tenrecs, golden moles, and otter shrews)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_shrew" title="Elephant shrew">Macroscelidea <small>(elephant shrews)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orycteropodidae" title="Orycteropodidae">Tubulidentata <small>(aardvarks)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrax" title="Hyrax">Hyracoidea <small>(hyraxes)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proboscidea" title="Proboscidea">Proboscidea <small>(elephants)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirenia" title="Sirenia">Sirenia <small>(dugongs and manatees)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boreoeutheria" title="Boreoeutheria">Boreoeutheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eulipotyphla" title="Eulipotyphla">Eulipotyphla <small>(hedgehogs, shrews, moles and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">Chiroptera <small>(bats)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangolin" title="Pangolin">Pholidota <small>(pangolins)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora">Carnivora <small>(dogs, cats and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odd-toed_ungulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Odd-toed ungulate">Perissodactyla <small>(horses, zebras, donkeys, rhinoceroses and tapirs)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artiodactyl" title="Artiodactyl">Artiodactyla <small>(pigs, camels, hippos, deer, buffalo, gazelles, giraffes, whales, dolphins and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euarchontoglires" title="Euarchontoglires">Euarchontoglires</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">Rodentia <small>(rats, mice, guinea pigs, squirrels, beavers, chinchillas, porcupines, capybaras and relatives)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagomorpha" title="Lagomorpha">Lagomorpha <small>(rabbits, hares and pikas)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treeshrew" title="Treeshrew">Scandentia <small>(treeshrews)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colugo" title="Colugo">Dermoptera <small>(colugos)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate" title="Primate">Primates <small>(lorises, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes (including humans) and relatives)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Okapi2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/21px-Okapi2.jpg" decoding="async" width="21" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/32px-Okapi2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Okapi2.jpg/42px-Okapi2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1707" data-file-height="1482" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mammals" title="Portal:Mammals">Mammals</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Eutheria</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092469" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q17092469">Q17092469</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Eutheria" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Eutheria">Eutheria</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Eutheria/">Eutheria</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Eutheria">Eutheria</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/47048864">47048864</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:12617">12617</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/0c370741-33ec-43eb-93a6-9765d35860ad">0c370741-33ec-43eb-93a6-9765d35860ad</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=179925">179925</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=9347">9347</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=683263">683263</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40209">40209</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&oldid=1257954907">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&oldid=1257954907</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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