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title="Prochiralität - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prochiralität" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prochirality" title="Prochirality - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Prochirality" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="پیش‌دست‌سانی - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیش‌دست‌سانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokiraalisuus" title="Prokiraalisuus - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Prokiraalisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prochiralit%C3%A9" title="Prochiralité - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Prochiralité" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proquiralidade" title="Proquiralidade - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Proquiralidade" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AA%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC" title="プロキラリティー - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プロキラリティー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prochiraliteit" title="Prochiraliteit - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Prochiraliteit" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prochiralita" title="Prochiralita - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prochiralita" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li 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class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>La <b>prochiralità</b> in chimica è la proprietà geometrica di una molecola achirale di diventare <a href="/wiki/Chiralit%C3%A0_(chimica)" title="Chiralità (chimica)">chirale</a> in un singolo passaggio.<sup id="cite_ref-goldbook.iupac.org_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goldbook.iupac.org-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Una molecola achirale è definita prochirale se essa può essere trasformata in una molecola chirale cambiando un atomo o un gruppo di atomi. Ad esempio, se sostituendo prima uno poi l'altro <a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">idrogeno</a> di un gruppo <a href="/wiki/Metandiile" title="Metandiile">metilenico</a> di una molecola con <a href="/wiki/Deuterio" title="Deuterio">deuterio</a> si ottengono due nuove molecole che sono l'una l'immagine speculare dell'altra, la molecola è prochirale. Gli atomi o gruppi di atomi che, se sostituiti con un altro atomo o gruppo achirale, portano alla formazione di <a href="/wiki/Enantiomero" title="Enantiomero">enantiomeri</a> vengono detti <b>enantiotopici</b>. Se la sostituzione porta alla formazione di <a href="/wiki/Diastereoisomero" title="Diastereoisomero">diastereoisomeri</a> gli atomi o gruppi di atomi sono <b>diastereotopici</b>, ma la molecola non è prochirale. Atomi o gruppi che sostituiti portano alla formazione di stereoisomeri sono detti <b>eterotopici</b>, mentre se la sostituzione non porta alla formazione di <a href="/wiki/Stereoisomero" title="Stereoisomero">stereoisomeri</a>, la molecola non è prochirale ed i gruppi sono detti <b>omotopici</b>. </p><p>Il termine prochirale si applica anche a molecole achirali che contengono un sistema trigonale, come un <a href="/wiki/Chetoni" title="Chetoni">chetone</a> o un <a href="/wiki/Alcheni" title="Alcheni">alchene</a>, che possono essere trasformate in molecole chirali tramite addizione di un atomo o un gruppo di atomi achirale<sup id="cite_ref-goldbook.iupac.org_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goldbook.iupac.org-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Le facce di questo gruppo trigonale sono dette <b>prochirali</b> e sono <b>eterotopiche</b>. Se l'addizione porta alla formazione di due diastereoisomeri, le facce sono <b>diastereotopiche</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Esempi">Esempi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Esempi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Esempi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethane_prochiral_hydrogens.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Ethane_prochiral_hydrogens.png" decoding="async" width="183" height="132" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="183" data-file-height="132" /></a><figcaption>sostituendo prima uno poi l'altro idrogeno al C-2 dell'etanolo con deuterio si ottengono due enantiomeri.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>L'ipotetica sostituzione prima di uno poi dell'altro degli idrogeni legati al C(2) dell'<a href="/wiki/1,3-propandiolo" title="1,3-propandiolo">1,3-propandiolo</a> con <a href="/wiki/Deuterio" title="Deuterio">deuterio</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Eteroatomi" title="Eteroatomi">eteroatomo</a> o un gruppo achirale genera due molecole sovrapponibili (omomeri), cioè due molecole uguali. La molecola non è prochirale ed i due idrogeni si dicono <b>omotopici</b>.</li> <li>La riduzione della <a href="/wiki/Formaldeide" title="Formaldeide">formaldeide</a> a <a href="/wiki/Metanolo" title="Metanolo">metanolo</a> non genera alcun stereoisomero, quindi le facce della formaldeide sono <b>omotopiche</b>.</li> <li>L'analoga ipotetica sostituzione degli idrogeni legati al C(1) nell'<a href="/wiki/Etanolo" title="Etanolo">etanolo</a> con deuterio porta alla formazione di due <a href="/wiki/Enantiomero" title="Enantiomero">enantiomeri</a>. La molecola è prochirale, i due idrogeni sono <b>enantiotopici</b>. I due idrogeni vengono indicati con H<sub>R</sub> e H<sub>S</sub> a seconda che la sostituzione con deuterio (per non alterare l'ordine di priorità) porti in quello <a href="/wiki/Elemento_stereogenico" title="Elemento stereogenico">stereocentro</a> una configurazione di tipo R o S.</li> <li>La riduzione dell'<a href="/wiki/Acetaldeide" title="Acetaldeide">acetaldeide</a> con litio alluminio deuteroidruro (LiAlD<sub>4</sub>) porta alla formazione di un <a href="/wiki/Alcoli" title="Alcoli">alcol</a> di formula CH<sub>3</sub>CHDOD. A seconda di quale faccia <b>enantiotopica</b> sia attaccata dall'atomo di deuterio si può avere uno stereoisomero R o S.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conseguenze">Conseguenze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Conseguenze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Conseguenze"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due atomi eterotopici di una molecola prochirale in un ambiente achirale sono indistinguibili ed hanno la stessa reattività. </p> <ul><li>I due idrogeni legati al C-1 dell'etanolo danno all'<a href="/wiki/Risonanza_magnetica_nucleare" title="Risonanza magnetica nucleare">NMR</a> un unico segnale. Se invece si aggiunge un reagente di shift chirale, l'intorno dei due protoni cambia e i <a href="/wiki/Sostituente" title="Sostituente">sostituenti</a> enantiotopici diventano distinguibili, facendo parte di un complesso chirale.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossidazione" title="Ossidazione">Ossidando</a> l'etanolo ad acetaldeide con un reagente achirale non si ha la rimozione preferenziale di uno o dell'altro idrogeno.</li> <li>Facendo reagire l'acetaldeide deuterata al C-1 con sodio boroidruro in ambiente achirale, si ottiene un <a href="/wiki/Racemo_(chimica)" title="Racemo (chimica)">racemo</a>, quindi lo <a href="/wiki/Ione" title="Ione">ione</a> <a href="/wiki/Idruro" title="Idruro">idruro</a> attacca indistintamente le due facce prochirali.</li> <li>L'<a href="/wiki/Enzima" title="Enzima">enzima</a> <a href="/wiki/Alcol_deidrogenasi" title="Alcol deidrogenasi">alcol deidrogenasi</a> <a href="/wiki/Catalizzatore" title="Catalizzatore">catalizza</a> sia l'ossidazione di <a href="/wiki/Alcoli" title="Alcoli">alcoli</a> ad <a href="/wiki/Aldeidi" title="Aldeidi">aldeidi</a> sia la <a href="/wiki/Riduzione_(chimica)" title="Riduzione (chimica)">riduzione</a> inversa. L'intorno chimico della reazione è in questo caso il sito attivo dell'enzima che è chirale: nell'ossidazione dell'alcol si ha la rimozione selettiva di uno solo dei due idrogeni enantiotopici, mentre nella riduzione dell'aldeide si ha l'attacco selettivo dell'idruro su una sola delle due facce prochirali, dando origine preferenzialmente ad un solo enantiomero.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-goldbook.iupac.org-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-goldbook.iupac.org_1-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-goldbook.iupac.org_1-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://goldbook.iupac.org/html/P/P04859.html">https://goldbook.iupac.org/html/P/P04859.html</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prochiralit%C3%A0&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiralit%C3%A0_(chimica)" title="Chiralità (chimica)">Chiralità (chimica)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isomeria" title="Isomeria">Isomeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elemento_stereogenico" title="Elemento stereogenico">Elemento stereogenico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereochimica" title="Stereochimica">Stereochimica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enantiomero" title="Enantiomero">Enantiomero</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output 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.subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Stereochimica"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stereochimica" title="Template:Stereochimica"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Stereochimica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Stereochimica (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Stereochimica&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Stereochimica" title="Stereochimica">Stereochimica</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Isomeria" title="Isomeria">Isomeria</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Stereoisomero" title="Stereoisomero">Stereoisomero</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Enantiomero" title="Enantiomero">Enantiomero</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Diastereoisomero" title="Diastereoisomero">Diastereoisomero</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Epimero" title="Epimero">Epimero</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Composto_meso" title="Composto meso">Composto meso</a></td><td rowspan="5" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chirality_with_hands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Chirality_with_hands.svg/175px-Chirality_with_hands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Chirality_with_hands.svg/263px-Chirality_with_hands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Chirality_with_hands.svg/350px-Chirality_with_hands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="519" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Chiralit%C3%A0_(chimica)" title="Chiralità (chimica)">Chiralità</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Elemento_stereogenico" title="Elemento stereogenico">Elemento stereogenico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiralit%C3%A0_planare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiralità planare (la pagina non esiste)">Chiralità planare</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ligando_chirale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ligando chirale (la pagina non esiste)">Ligando chirale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiralit%C3%A0_assiale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiralità assiale (la pagina non esiste)">Chiralità assiale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Chiralit%C3%A0_inerente" title="Chiralità inerente">Chiralità inerente</a><b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prochiralità</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Omochiralit%C3%A0" title="Omochiralità">Omochiralità</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Racemo_(chimica)" title="Racemo (chimica)">Racemo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Anomeria" title="Anomeria">Anomeria</a> <b> ·</b></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Sintesi</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Stereospecificit%C3%A0" title="Stereospecificità">Stereospecificità</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Stereoselettivit%C3%A0" title="Stereoselettività">Stereoselettività</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Eccesso_enantiomerico" title="Eccesso enantiomerico">Eccesso enantiomerico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eccesso_diastereoisomerico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eccesso diastereoisomerico (la pagina non esiste)">Eccesso diastereoisomerico</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Analisi</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Potere_rotatorio" title="Potere rotatorio">Potere rotatorio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Risoluzione_chirale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Risoluzione chirale (la pagina non esiste)">Risoluzione chirale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dicroismo_circolare" title="Dicroismo circolare">Dicroismo circolare</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Reazioni</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Sintesi_asimmetrica" title="Sintesi asimmetrica">Sintesi asimmetrica</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ausiliario_chirale" title="Ausiliario chirale">Ausiliario chirale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Organocatalisi" title="Organocatalisi">Organocatalisi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Biocatalisi" title="Biocatalisi">Biocatalisi</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>12 lingue</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Aggiungi argomento</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b574f7ddb-rbn8s","wgBackendResponseTime":141,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.101","walltime":"0.125","ppvisitednodes":{"value":907,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":8905,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":307,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":4525,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 93.414 1 -total"," 71.56% 66.846 1 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