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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-cn" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-cn" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-概述" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#概述"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>概述</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-概述-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-動量輸送" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#動量輸送"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>动量输送</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-動量輸送-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-質量輸送" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#質量輸送"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>质量输送</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-質量輸送-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-能量輸送" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#能量輸送"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>能量输送</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-能量輸送-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr">输运现象</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。31种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B8%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84" title="ظواهر النقل – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ظواهر النقل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Перанос – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Перанос" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Перанос – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Перанос" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%B2mens_de_transport" title="Fenòmens de transport – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fenòmens de transport" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_phenomena" title="Transport phenomena – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Transport phenomena" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%B3menos_de_transporte" title="Fenómenos de transporte – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fenómenos de transporte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84" title="پدیده‌های انتقال – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پدیده‌های انتقال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A8ne_de_transfert" title="Phénomène de transfert – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phénomène de transfert" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%B3menos_de_transporte" title="Fenómenos de transporte – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fenómenos de transporte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="परिवहन परिघटना – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="परिवहन परिघटना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transzportjelens%C3%A9g" title="Transzportjelenség – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Transzportjelenség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proses_perpindahan" title="Proses perpindahan – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Proses perpindahan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenomeni_di_trasporto" title="Fenomeni di trasporto – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fenomeni di trasporto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8B%95%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1%E8%AB%96" title="移動現象論 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="移動現象論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%8F%99%ED%98%84%EC%83%81" title="이동현상 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이동현상" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perna%C5%A1os_rei%C5%A1kinys" title="Pernašos reiškinys – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pernašos reiškinys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%81rneses_par%C4%81d%C4%ABbas" title="Pārneses parādības – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pārneses parādības" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Тээврийн үзэгдэл – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тээврийн үзэгдэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fysische_transportverschijnselen" title="Fysische transportverschijnselen – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fysische transportverschijnselen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportfenomen" title="Transportfenomen – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Transportfenomen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zjawiska_transportowe" title="Zjawiska transportowe – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zjawiska transportowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fen%C3%B4menos_de_transporte" title="Fenômenos de transporte – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fenômenos de transporte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Процессы переноса – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Процессы переноса" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportni_pojav" title="Transportni pojav – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Transportni pojav" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Феномени преноса – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Феномени преноса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportfenomen" title="Transportfenomen – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Transportfenomen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_phenomena" title="Transport phenomena – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Transport phenomena" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1m_olay%C4%B1" title="Taşınım olayı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Taşınım olayı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83" title="Процеси переносу – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Процеси переносу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B8%DB%81%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%DB%8C" title="مظہر منتقلی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مظہر منتقلی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BB%87n_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_v%E1%BA%ADn_chuy%E1%BB%83n" title="Hiện tượng vận chuyển – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiện tượng vận chuyển" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q679643#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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lang="zh-Hans-CN" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Transport_phenomena" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q679643" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div 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.sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:18.0em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccccff;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程">化学工程</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化学工程概要">概要</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="化学工程史">历史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化學工程條目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程条目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:History of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding:0.2em;"> 基础</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="化学工业">化学工业</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB" title="化学工程师">化学工程师</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="化学过程">化学过程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="单元操作">单元操作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学动力学">化学动力学</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">输运现象</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding:0.2em;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">单元过程</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E5%BB%A0" title="化学工厂">化学工厂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" title="化学反应器">化学反应器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%A6%BB%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="分离过程">分离过程</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding:0.2em;"> 研究领域</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="热传">热传</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="质传">质传</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="流体力学">流体力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88_(%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5)" title="程序设计 (化工)">程序设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="程序控制">程序控制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化学热力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学反应工程">化学反应工程</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#ddddff;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Category:化学工程">主分类</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chemical_engineering" title="Template:Chemical engineering"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chemical_engineering" title="Template talk:Chemical engineering"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Chemical_engineering" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Chemical engineering"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>气体的<b>输运现象</b>（英语：<span lang="en"><b>transport phenomena</b></span>）表示一类<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="气体">气体</a>由非平衡态转为<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E6%80%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平衡态（页面不存在）">平衡态</a>的过程，主要有以下几类<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F" title="动量">动量</a>高的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>与动量低的分子之间混合时，所产生的与<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="黏性">黏性</a>有关的分子运动过程；</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F" title="能量">能量</a>高的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>与能量低的分子之间混合时，所产生的与<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E4%BC%A0%E5%AF%BC" title="热传导">热传导</a>有关的分子运动过程；</li> <li>系统中的分子由于分子数密度的差异，产生的<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%A9%E6%95%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="扩散">扩散</a>现象。</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概述"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E8.BF.B0"></span>概述</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：概述"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>处于非平衡态的热力学系统依据其偏离平衡态的程度一般可以分为近平衡态和远平衡态。一个处于近平衡态的物体，如果不受外界影响，即如果此物体系是孤立的话，经过充分长的时间，它的状态最终将达到平衡。例如，一个温度不均匀的物体，通过热量由温度较高的部分传到温度较低的部分，而使温度趋于一致来实现从非平衡达到平衡。这种过程就是热传导。一个宏观相对速度不均匀的物体，通过动量由高速区向低速区传输，而使宏观运动的差别消失来实现从非平衡态达到平衡。这就是物体的粘滞性。一个密度分布不均匀的物体，通过质量由密度高的地方向密度低的地方传输，而使密度趋向均匀从而实现从非平衡到平衡。这就是扩散过程。以上三种过程是典型的宏观不可逆过程，通称输运过程。热传导是能量输运过程，粘滞性是动量输运过程，扩散是物质输运过程。它们满足相应的经验定律，如热传导中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E7%AB%8B%E8%91%89%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="傅立叶定律">傅里叶定律</a>、粘滞现象中的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="牛顿定律">牛顿定律</a>、扩散中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%85%8B%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="菲克定律">菲克定律</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="動量輸送"><span id=".E5.8B.95.E9.87.8F.E8.BC.B8.E9.80.81"></span>动量输送</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：动量输送"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="質量輸送"><span id=".E8.B3.AA.E9.87.8F.E8.BC.B8.E9.80.81"></span>质量输送</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：质量输送"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="能量輸送"><span id=".E8.83.BD.E9.87.8F.E8.BC.B8.E9.80.81"></span>能量输送</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：能量输送"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">秦允豪. 《热学》. 高等教育出版社. : 52. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-04-013790-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-04-013790-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-04-013790-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&rft.au=%E7%A7%A6%E5%85%81%E8%B1%AA&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E7%83%AD%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%8B&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-04-013790-3&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">秦允豪. 《热学》. 高等教育出版社. : 106. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-04-013790-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-04-013790-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-04-013790-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&rft.au=%E7%A7%A6%E5%85%81%E8%B1%AA&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E7%83%AD%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%8B&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-04-013790-3&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">胡承正. 热力学与统计物理学. 北京东黄城根北街16号: 科学出版社. 2009: 196. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-03-024604-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-03-024604-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-03-024604-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&rft.au=%E8%83%A1%E6%89%BF%E6%AD%A3&rft.btitle=%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-03-024604-2&rft.pages=196&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E4%B8%9C%E9%BB%84%E5%9F%8E%E6%A0%B9%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%9716%E5%8F%B7&rft.pub=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal 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0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="化学工程史">化学工程史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:History of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PlatformHolly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/170px-PlatformHolly.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/255px-PlatformHolly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/340px-PlatformHolly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="质量平衡">质量平衡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">单元操作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">单元过程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB" title="化学工程师">化学工程师</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="化学过程">化学过程</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">单元操作</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E7%83%AD" title="传热">传热</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%B4%A8" title="传质">传质</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">力学操作</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">单元过程</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学反应工程">化学反应工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学动力学">化学动力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1" title="化学程序建模">化学程序建模</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程">化学技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" title="化学反应器">化学反应器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">分支学科</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88_(%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5)" title="程序设计 (化工)">工艺流程设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="流体力学">流体力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E5%BB%A0" title="化学工厂">化工厂设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化学热力学</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">传输现象</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程概要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化学工程概要">*更多*</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">工业应用</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%82%BC%E5%88%B6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="石油炼制工业">石油炼制工业</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="冶金工程">冶金工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="食品工业">食品工业</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">教育及书籍</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="输运现象 (书)">输运现象</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%8B%9C%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E6%9F%8F%E5%BE%B7" title="罗伯特·拜伦·柏德">柏德</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="化学工程单元操作 (书)">化学工程单元操作</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%87%B1%E5%B8%83" title="沃伦·李·麦凯布">麦凯布</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A" title="佩里化学工程师手册">佩里化学工程师手册</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7H%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C" title="罗伯特·H·佩里">佩里</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程概要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化学工程概要">化学工程概要</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程条目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of chemical engineering articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程条目索引（页面不存在）">化学工程条目索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_chemical_engineering_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of chemical engineering articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of chemical engineering articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程师教育" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Education for Chemical Engineers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程师教育（页面不存在）">化学工程师教育</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_for_Chemical_Engineers" class="extiw" title="en:Education for Chemical Engineers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Education for Chemical Engineers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of chemical engineers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程师列表（页面不存在）">化学工程师列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_engineers" class="extiw" title="en:List of chemical engineers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of chemical engineers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="化学工程学会列表">化学工程学会列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%A8%A1%E6%93%AC%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="化学程序模拟器列表">化学程序模拟器列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Category:化学工程">化学工程分类</a></b></li> <li><span 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