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Tersedia dalam 51 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwantumchromodinamika" title="Kwantumchromodinamika – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kwantumchromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantenchromodynamik" title="Quantenchromodynamik – Jerman Switzerland" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Quantenchromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Switzerland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ديناميكا لونية كمية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ديناميكا لونية كمية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica" title="Cromodinámica cuántica – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cromodinámica cuántica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromodinamika_kuantum" title="Kromodinamika kuantum – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kromodinamika kuantum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="কোয়ান্টাম ক্রোমোডাইনামিক্স – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কোয়ান্টাম ক্রোমোডাইনামিক্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантавая хромадынаміка – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Квантавая хромадынаміка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantna_hromodinamika" title="Kvantna hromodinamika – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kvantna hromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова хромодинамика – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Квантова хромодинамика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A0mica_qu%C3%A0ntica" title="Cromodinàmica quàntica – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cromodinàmica quàntica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantov%C3%A1_chromodynamika" title="Kvantová chromodynamika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kvantová chromodynamika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantekromodynamik" title="Kvantekromodynamik – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kvantekromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantenchromodynamik" title="Quantenchromodynamik – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Quantenchromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantkromod%C3%BCnaamika" title="Kvantkromodünaamika – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kvantkromodünaamika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%87%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Κβαντική χρωμοδυναμική – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κβαντική χρωμοδυναμική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_chromodynamics" title="Quantum chromodynamics – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Quantum chromodynamics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica" title="Cromodinámica cuántica – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cromodinámica cuántica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantuma_kolordinamiko" title="Kvantuma kolordinamiko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kvantuma kolordinamiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kromodinamika_kuantiko" title="Kromodinamika kuantiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kromodinamika kuantiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="کرومودینامیک کوانتومی – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کرومودینامیک کوانتومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromodynamique_quantique" title="Chromodynamique quantique – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chromodynamique quantique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%B3maidinimic_chandamach" title="Crómaidinimic chandamach – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Crómaidinimic chandamach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A1mica_cu%C3%A1ntica" title="Cromodinámica cuántica – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cromodinámica cuántica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%91%EC%9E%90_%EC%83%89%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99" title="양자 색역학 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="양자 색역학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantna_kromodinamika" title="Kvantna kromodinamika – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kvantna kromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodinamica_quantistica" title="Cromodinamica quantistica – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cromodinamica quantistica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="כרומודינמיקה קוונטית – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כרומודינמיקה קוונטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Кванттық хромодинамика – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кванттық хромодинамика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromodynamice_Quantica" title="Chromodynamice Quantica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chromodynamice Quantica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantin%C4%97_chromodinamika" title="Kvantinė chromodinamika – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kvantinė chromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantum-sz%C3%ADndinamika" title="Kvantum-színdinamika – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kvantum-színdinamika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwantumchromodynamica" title="Kwantumchromodynamica – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kwantumchromodynamica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E8%89%B2%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="量子色力学 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="量子色力学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantekromodynamikk" title="Kvantekromodynamikk – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kvantekromodynamikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodinamica_quantica" title="Cromodinamica quantica – Occitania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cromodinamica quantica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvant_xromodinamikasi_(KXD)" title="Kvant xromodinamikasi (KXD) – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kvant xromodinamikasi (KXD)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8" title="ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਕ੍ਰੋਮੋਡਾਇਨਾਮਿਕਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਆਂਟਮ ਕ੍ਰੋਮੋਡਾਇਨਾਮਿਕਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromodynamika_kwantowa" title="Chromodynamika kwantowa – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chromodynamika kwantowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A2mica_qu%C3%A2ntica" title="Cromodinâmica quântica – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cromodinâmica quântica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromodinamic%C4%83_cuantic%C4%83" title="Cromodinamică cuantică – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cromodinamică cuantică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантовая хромодинамика – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Квантовая хромодинамика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_chromodynamics" title="Quantum chromodynamics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Quantum chromodynamics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantov%C3%A1_chromodynamika" title="Kvantová chromodynamika – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kvantová chromodynamika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantna_hromodinamika" title="Kvantna hromodinamika – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Kvantna hromodinamika" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvanttiv%C3%A4ridynamiikka" title="Kvanttiväridynamiikka – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kvanttiväridynamiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvantkromodynamik" title="Kvantkromodynamik – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kvantkromodynamik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuy%E1%BA%BFt_s%E1%BA%AFc_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_l%E1%BB%B1c_h%E1%BB%8Dc_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_t%E1%BB%AD" title="Thuyết sắc động lực học lượng tử – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thuyết sắc động lực học lượng tử" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuantum_renk_dinami%C4%9Fi" title="Kuantum renk dinamiği – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuantum renk dinamiği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Квантова хромодинаміка – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Квантова хромодинаміка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مقداریہ لونی حرکیات – Urdu" lang="ur" 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class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kromodinamik_kuantum&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Kromodinamik_kuantum" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Kromodinamik_kuantum" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat 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id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKromodinamik_kuantum"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kromodinamik+kuantum"><span>Cipta buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kromodinamik_kuantum&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kromodinamik_kuantum&printable=yes" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Quantum_chromodynamics" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q238170" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><p>Teori <b>kromodinamik kuantum</b> (QCD) ialah <a href="/wiki/Teori_medan_kuantum" title="Teori medan kuantum">teori medan kuantum</a> bagi <a href="/wiki/Daya_nukleus_kuat" title="Daya nukleus kuat">daya nukleus kuat</a>. Ia berasaskan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumpulan_simetri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumpulan simetri (laman tidak wujud)">kumpulan simetri</a> <a href="/wiki/SU(3)" class="mw-redirect" title="SU(3)">SU(3)</a> <a href="/wiki/Warna" title="Warna">warna</a> yang memerihalkan salingtindak di antara <a href="/wiki/Kuark" title="Kuark">kuark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antikuark" title="Antikuark">antikuark</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluon</a>. Multiplet asas ialah triplet 'warna', biru, merah, hijau, yang mewakili tiga warna kuark, sementara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perwakilan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perwakilan (laman tidak wujud)">perwakilan</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mn>3</mn> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/94d4d5bc734d12c201a23d104e86af5b330cf81c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.277ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {3}}}"></span> iaitu antitriplet mewakili tiga antiwarna antikuark. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Boson_tolok" title="Boson tolok">Boson tolok</a> pengantara ialah gluon, yang juga membawa warna dan antiwarna, yang merupakan subperwakilan 8 dari 3×3. </p> <table width="95%" align="center" cellspacing="0" style="margin-bottom:5px; border:1px solid gray; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:110%"><div style="text-align:center;position:relative;white-space:nowrap;"><b>Teori medan kuantum</b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="position:absolute; right:0; top:0; margin:0 5px;"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Teori_medan_kuantum" title="Templat:Teori medan kuantum"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bincang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan_templat:Teori_medan_kuantum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perbincangan templat:Teori medan kuantum (laman tidak wujud)"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Teori_medan_kuantum&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="padding:5px 15px 3px 15px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anomali_(fizik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anomali (fizik) (laman tidak wujud)">Anomali</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fungsi_pemetakan_(teori_medan_kuantum)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fungsi pemetakan (teori medan kuantum) (laman tidak wujud)">Fungsi pemetakan</a> - <a href="/wiki/Teori_medan_kuantum" title="Teori medan kuantum">Gambaran keseluruhan QFT</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nilai_jangkaan_vakum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nilai jangkaan vakum (laman tidak wujud)">Hasil pemeluwapan</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keadaan_vakum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keadaan vakum (laman tidak wujud)">Keadaan vakum</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemecahan_simetri_spontan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemecahan simetri spontan (laman tidak wujud)">Pemecahan simetri spontan</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengkuantuman_(fizik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengkuantuman (fizik) (laman tidak wujud)">Pengkuantuman</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penormalan_semula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penormalan semula (laman tidak wujud)">Penormalan semula</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teori_tolok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teori tolok (laman tidak wujud)">Teori tolok</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_(fizik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan (fizik) (laman tidak wujud)">Teori medan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:3px 25px;"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_teori_medan_kuantum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar teori medan kuantum (laman tidak wujud)">Sesetengah model</a></b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_piawai_(perincian_asas)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model piawai (perincian asas) (laman tidak wujud)">Model piawai</a> - <a href="/wiki/Elektrodinamik_kuantum" title="Elektrodinamik kuantum">Elektrodinamik kuantum</a> - <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kromodinamik kuantum</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:3px 25px 6px 25px;"><b>Topik-topik berkait</b>: <a href="/wiki/Mekanik_kuantum" title="Mekanik kuantum">Mekanik kuantum</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simetri_Poincare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simetri Poincare (laman tidak wujud)">Simetri Poincare</a> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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