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title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-字源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#字源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>字源</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-字源-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关字源子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-字源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-瘟疫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#瘟疫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>瘟疫</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-瘟疫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大流行" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大流行"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>大流行</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大流行-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-瘟疫历史年表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#瘟疫历史年表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>瘟疫历史年表</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-瘟疫历史年表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-現在和未來可能的瘟疫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#現在和未來可能的瘟疫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>現在和未來可能的瘟疫</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-現在和未來可能的瘟疫-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关現在和未來可能的瘟疫子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-現在和未來可能的瘟疫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-快速致死疾病" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#快速致死疾病"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>快速致死疾病</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-快速致死疾病-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-抗藥性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抗藥性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>抗藥性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-抗藥性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-後天免疫缺乏症候群" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#後天免疫缺乏症候群"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>後天免疫缺乏症候群</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-後天免疫缺乏症候群-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-嚴重急性呼吸道症候群" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#嚴重急性呼吸道症候群"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>嚴重急性呼吸道症候群</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-嚴重急性呼吸道症候群-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-第1型" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#第1型"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>第1型</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-第1型-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-第2型" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#第2型"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.2</span> <span>第2型</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-第2型-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-流行性感冒和禽流感" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#流行性感冒和禽流感"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>流行性感冒和禽流感</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-流行性感冒和禽流感-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-世界衛生組織的對策" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#世界衛生組織的對策"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>世界衛生組織的對策</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-世界衛生組織的對策-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生物武器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生物武器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>生物武器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生物武器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>參考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">瘟疫</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。143种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/My%C4%8Belco%C3%BEu" title="Myċelcoþu – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Myċelcoþu" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AD%D8%A9" title="جائحة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جائحة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%89" title="وباء عالمى – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وباء عالمى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80" title="বৈশ্বিক মহামাৰী – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বৈশ্বিক মহামাৰী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemiya" title="Pandemiya – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pandemiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C" title="پاندمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پاندمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пандемия – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Пандемия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gering_agung" title="Gering agung – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Gering agung" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandem%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Pandemėjė – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Pandemėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemya" title="Pandemya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Pandemya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Пандэмія – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пандэмія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Пандэмія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пандэмія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пандемия – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пандемия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="महामारी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="महामारी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80" title="বৈশ্বিক মহামারী – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বৈশ্বিক মহামারী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ཡོངས་ཁྱབ་རིམས་ནད། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡོངས་ཁྱབ་རིམས་ནད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemija" title="Pandemija – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pandemija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C3%A8mia" title="Pandèmia – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pandèmia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Пандеми – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Пандеми" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8E%D9%85%DB%8C" title="پاندێمی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پاندێمی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Пандеми – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пандеми" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemig" title="Pandemig – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pandemig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pandemi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C9%94bo" title="Alɔbo – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Alɔbo" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Πανδημία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πανδημία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pandemic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemio" title="Pandemio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pandemio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandeemia" title="Pandeemia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pandeemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="دنیاگیری – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دنیاگیری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C3%A9mie" title="Pandémie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pandémie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemii" title="Pandemii – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Pandemii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemy" title="Pandemy – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Pandemy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paind%C3%A9im" title="Paindéim – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Paindéim" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mba%27asypav%E1%BA%BD" title="Mba'asypavẽ – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mba'asypavẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BBn-yi%CC%8Dt" title="Vûn-yi̍t – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Vûn-yi̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="פנדמיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פנדמיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="विश्वमारी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विश्वमारी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahamari" title="Mahamari – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mahamari" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemija" title="Pandemija – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pandemija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C3%A9mia" title="Pandémia – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pandémia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Համավարակ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Համավարակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pandemi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 国际文字（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemio" title="Pandemio – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pandemio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heimsfaraldur" title="Heimsfaraldur – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Heimsfaraldur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%83%9F%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="パンデミック – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パンデミック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandh%C3%A9mi" title="Pandhémi – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pandhémi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პანდემია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პანდემია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arwas" title="Arwas – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Arwas" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Індет – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Індет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%94%EC%9C%A0%ED%96%89" title="범유행 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="범유행" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandem%C3%AE" title="Pandemî – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pandemî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пандемия – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Пандемия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mow%C3%A1" title="Mowá – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mowá" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemija" title="Pandemija – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pandemija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C4%93mija" title="Pandēmija – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pandēmija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Pandemi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Пандемија – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пандемија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="മഹാമാരി – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മഹാമാരി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="ကပ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ကပ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5" title="जागतिक साथ – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जागतिक साथ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemik" title="Pandemik – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pandemik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB" title="ကမ္ဘာကပ်ရောဂါ – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကမ္ဘာကပ်ရောဂါ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocoliztli_%C4%ABpan_moch%C4%ABuh_nepapan_%C4%81ltep%C4%93tl" title="Cocoliztli īpan mochīuh nepapan āltepētl – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Cocoliztli īpan mochīuh nepapan āltepētl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="विश्वव्यापी महामारी – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विश्वव्यापी महामारी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pandemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pandemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C3%A8mia" title="Pandèmia – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pandèmia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Пандеми – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Пандеми" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਮਹਾਂਮਾਰੀ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਹਾਂਮਾਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="عالمی وبا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عالمی وبا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="وبا یا ټولنیونه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="وبا یا ټولنیونه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemie" title="Pandemie – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pandemie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пандемия – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пандемия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Пандемія – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Пандемія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пандемия – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Пандемия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C3%A8mia" title="Pandèmia – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Pandèmia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pidim%C3%ACa" title="Pidimìa – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pidimìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DA%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="عالمگير وبا – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عالمگير وبا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemiija" title="Pandemiija – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Pandemiija" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemija" title="Pandemija – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pandemija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%AD" title="ව්‍යාප්ත වසංගත – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ව්‍යාප්ත වසංගත" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pandemic" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C3%A9mia" title="Pandémia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pandémia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemija" title="Pandemija – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pandemija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 伊纳里萨米语" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊纳里萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukondombera" title="Mukondombera – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mukondombera" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Пандемија – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пандемија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewa_se_seholo" title="Sewa se seholo – 南索托语" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Sewa se seholo" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="南索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pandemi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandymij%C5%8F" title="Pandymijŏ – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Pandymijŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/libung" title="libung – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="libung" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="உலகம்பரவுநோய் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உலகம்பரவுநோய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF" title="ప్రపంచమారి – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్రపంచమారి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7" title="โรคระบาดทั่ว – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โรคระบาดทั่ว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemya" title="Pandemya – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pandemya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pandemi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пандемия – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Пандемия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemic" title="Pandemic – 契维语" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Pandemic" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="契维语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%85%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="پەندەمىيە – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پەندەمىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Пандемія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пандемія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="عالمگیر وبا – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عالمگیر وبا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemiya" title="Pandemiya – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Pandemiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tshiwo_tsha_lushaka" title="Tshiwo tsha lushaka – 文达语" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Tshiwo tsha lushaka" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="文达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia" title="Pandemia – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pandemia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemii" title="Pandemii – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Pandemii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_d%E1%BB%8Bch" title="Đại dịch – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại dịch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parmin%C3%AAye" title="Parminêye – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Parminêye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemya" title="Pandemya – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pandemya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB" title="瘟疫 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="瘟疫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inqaku_lesiseko_eliphambili_lephandemikhi" title="Inqaku lesiseko eliphambili lephandemikhi – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Inqaku lesiseko eliphambili lephandemikhi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პანდემია – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პანდემია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A2" title="פאנדעמיע – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאנדעמיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80j%C3%A0k%C3%A1y%C3%A9-%C3%A0r%C3%B9n" title="Àjàkáyé-àrùn – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àjàkáyé-àrùn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binghraq" title="Binghraq – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Binghraq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un-e%CC%8Dk" title="Un-e̍k – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Un-e̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB" title="瘟疫 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="瘟疫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubhubhane" title="Ubhubhane – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ubhubhane" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12184#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" 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"}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>关于与「<b>瘟疫</b>」標題相近或相同的条目页，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89)" class="mw-disambig" title="瘟疫 (消歧义)">瘟疫 (消歧義)</a></b>」。</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>疫情</b>」重定向至此。關於近期被人们简称为“疫情”的公共卫生事件，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85" title="2019冠状病毒病疫情">2019冠状病毒病疫情</a></b>」。</div> <div id="noteTA-35f35a3d" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Medicine"></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_of_life_caution.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/20px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/30px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/40px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="190" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a>中的醫學内容<b>仅供参考</b>，並<b>不能</b>視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E" title="Wikipedia:医学声明">醫學聲明</a></b>。</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg/200px-Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg" decoding="async" width="200" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg/300px-Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg/400px-Yersinia_pestis_fluorescent.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2294" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫">鼠疫</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%8E%9F%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="病原體">病原體</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB%E6%9D%86%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="鼠疫杆菌">鼠疫杆菌</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%A7%E5%85%89" title="荧光">荧光</a>）</figcaption></figure> <p><b>瘟疫</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Pandemic</span>），也称<b>大流行</b>，是指某种<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85" title="流行病">流行病</a>的大范围<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%88%86%E5%8F%91" title="疾病爆发">爆发</a>，这种疾病往往具有高度的传染性和致命性，可以在短时间内引起大规模的病例和死亡。其规模涉及多个<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" class="mw-redirect" title="大陆">大陆</a>甚至全球（即全球大流行），并有大量人口患病<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。瘟疫中的流行病多为<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="传染病">传染病</a>，而这种流行病也被称为“大流行病”或“大流行性疾病”（英語：<span lang="en">Pandemic disease</span>）”<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>根據<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界衛生組織">世界衛生組織</a>的定義，瘟疫/大流行的出現應符合下列條件<sup id="cite_ref-who_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <ol><li>一種新病原体在人群中出現；</li> <li>病原体可感染人，并能引起嚴重症状；</li> <li>病原易傳染，特別是在人與人之間傳染。</li></ol> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="字源"><span id=".E5.AD.97.E6.BA.90"></span>字源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：字源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="瘟疫"><span id=".E7.98.9F.E7.96.AB"></span>瘟疫</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：瘟疫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據中國古籍著作《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E9%9F%BB" title="集韻">集韻</a>》·平聲·魂韻：「瘟，疫也。」，而<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="唐代">唐代</a>作家<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B3%E5%AE%97%E5%85%83" title="柳宗元">柳宗元</a>於《永州龍興寺息壤記行文》：「南方多疫，勞者先死。」，至於瘟疫一詞乃自古沿用至今，最早運用此字的著作，可能為《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%B1%E6%9C%B4%E5%AD%90" title="抱朴子">抱朴子</a>》·內篇·微旨：「經瘟疫則不畏，遇急難則隱形。」 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="大流行"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E6.B5.81.E8.A1.8C"></span>大流行</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：大流行"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>大流行一詞，始見《孟子·公孫丑上》：「德之流行，速於置郵而傳命。」三國演義·第一回：「中平元年正月內，疫氣流行，張角散施符水，為人治病。」近代日本<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E8%A3%BD%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="和製漢語">和製漢語</a>對譯西方<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93" class="mw-redirect" title="傳染">傳染</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="流行病學">流行病學</a>（<span lang="en">Pandemic</span>）概念後，復廣為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="東亞文化圈">東亞文化圈</a>使用。「流行」依照其字義拆解而來。一般使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="拉丁字母">拉丁字母</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘字母">希臘字母</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="語言">語言</a>對<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="疾病">疾病</a>大流行的稱呼，皆源自<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘文">希臘文</a>「<span lang="el">παν</span>」合併「<span lang="el">δήμος</span>」，表示「泛」聯合「人群」，也就是在人群中廣泛流行之意。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="瘟疫历史年表"><span id=".E7.98.9F.E7.96.AB.E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2.E5.B9.B4.E8.A1.A8"></span>瘟疫历史年表</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：瘟疫历史年表"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="流行病列表">流行病列表</a></div> <p>歷史上曾出現过多次瘟疫，許多都與<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="動物">動物</a>有關，諸如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒">流行性感冒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%B5%90%E6%A0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="肺結核">肺結核</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫">鼠疫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="肺炎">肺炎</a>等，而疾病大流行除了可造成<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1" title="死亡">死亡</a>、摧毀<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="城市">城市</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="國家">國家</a>、瓦解<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="文明">文明</a>，甚至可以殲滅<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="族群">族群</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="物種">物種</a>，若人類有幸得以控制疫情，則可能更加健全<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E7%96%97%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="医疗卫生">醫療</a>品質、改革制度，進而提升人類福祉。下表依照時序將歷史上發生之主要瘟疫列為簡表，若需了解各次大流行概況，可參看主條目表中別稱之連結，若需參考各疾病較詳細內容可參看链接。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="現在和未來可能的瘟疫"><span id=".E7.8F.BE.E5.9C.A8.E5.92.8C.E6.9C.AA.E4.BE.86.E5.8F.AF.E8.83.BD.E7.9A.84.E7.98.9F.E7.96.AB"></span>現在和未來可能的瘟疫</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：現在和未來可能的瘟疫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="快速致死疾病"><span id=".E5.BF.AB.E9.80.9F.E8.87.B4.E6.AD.BB.E7.96.BE.E7.97.85"></span>快速致死疾病</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：快速致死疾病"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E5%87%BA%E8%A1%80%E7%86%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="伊波拉出血熱">伊波拉病毒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%96%A9%E7%86%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="拉薩熱">拉薩熱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%82%E8%B0%B7%E7%86%B1" title="裂谷熱">裂谷熱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E5%A0%A1%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="馬爾堡病毒">馬爾堡病毒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E5%87%BA%E8%A1%80%E7%86%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="玻利維亞出血熱">玻利維亞出血熱</a>都具高度<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93" class="mw-redirect" title="傳染">傳染</a>性並且能快速致人於死，理論上將可能造成廣大的流行。然而這些疾病的擴散能力卻也因此受到侷限，患者還不及將<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="病原">病原</a>散佈便喪命，加上這幾種疾病都需要近距離接觸才會傳染，至今尚未在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83" class="mw-disambig" title="全球">全球</a>發生大流行，但<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%AA%81%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="基因突变">基因突變</a>的可能性，將有機會提高它們的蔓延潛力。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="抗藥性"><span id=".E6.8A.97.E8.97.A5.E6.80.A7"></span>抗藥性</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：抗藥性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E8%97%A5%E6%80%A7" title="抗藥性">抗藥性</a></div> <p>具有抵抗抗生素能力的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A%E7%B4%B0%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="超級細菌">超級細菌</a>可能使得已獲得控制之疾病再度活躍，醫療專業人員已發現許多<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%A0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="結核">結核</a>病的<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="病原">病原</a>，對多種傳統有效的藥物已產生多重抵抗力，使得治療方式日益困難，而<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E8%97%A5%E6%80%A7%E9%87%91%E9%BB%83%E8%89%B2%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%90%83%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌">金黃色葡萄球菌</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%98%E8%B3%AA%E6%B2%99%E9%9B%B7%E6%B0%8F%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="粘質沙雷氏菌">粘質沙雷氏菌</a>都有類似強力抵抗如<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E5%8F%A4%E9%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="萬古黴素">萬古黴素</a>等抗生素的現象，並且造成嚴重的<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A2%E5%85%A7%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" class="mw-redirect" title="院內感染">院內感染</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="後天免疫缺乏症候群"><span id=".E5.BE.8C.E5.A4.A9.E5.85.8D.E7.96.AB.E7.BC.BA.E4.B9.8F.E7.97.87.E5.80.99.E7.BE.A4"></span>後天免疫缺乏症候群</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：後天免疫缺乏症候群"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%BC%BA%E4%B9%8F%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="人類免疫缺乏病毒">人類免疫缺乏病毒</a>是造成<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="愛滋病">愛滋病</a>的元兇，今日已是<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83" class="mw-disambig" title="全球">全球</a>大流行的疾病之一，國際間目前提出許多計划企圖壓制這種疾病的傳播，但由於對<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="疾病">疾病</a>的認知宣導和衛生的<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="性教育">性教育</a>至今無法完善，<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%92%E5%93%81" title="毒品">毒品</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%9D%E7%AD%92" class="mw-redirect" title="針筒">針頭</a>共用等因素，加上社會普遍<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A7%E8%A6%96" title="歧視">歧視</a>患者的惡化，使得罹患<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="人口">人口</a>逐年攀升，每年<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1" title="死亡">死亡</a>人數亦持續成長。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="嚴重急性呼吸道症候群"><span id=".E5.9A.B4.E9.87.8D.E6.80.A5.E6.80.A7.E5.91.BC.E5.90.B8.E9.81.93.E7.97.87.E5.80.99.E7.BE.A4"></span>嚴重急性呼吸道症候群</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：嚴重急性呼吸道症候群"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="第1型"><span id=".E7.AC.AC1.E5.9E.8B"></span>第1型</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：第1型"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A5%E9%87%8D%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E9%81%93%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E5%BE%81%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒">严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒</a></div> <p>2002年末出現的<a href="/wiki/SARS" class="mw-redirect" title="SARS">SARS</a>是一種具有高度傳染力及高致死率的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B8%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="非典型肺炎">非典型肺炎</a>，由<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A0%E7%8B%80%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="冠狀病毒">冠狀病毒</a>引起，由於對於<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%88%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="新興傳染病">新興傳染病</a>的預測和危機意識，國際間透過<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界衛生組織">世界衛生組織</a>連袂決策，在它發生全球性的大流行之前予以遏止，全球最終只有8,096人確診感染，但總死亡人数則達774人，而全球死亡率高達9.56%，部分地區更高於13%。然而，目前此疾病尚未根除，仍有可能再度引發醫療問題。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="第2型"><span id=".E7.AC.AC2.E5.9E.8B"></span>第2型</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：第2型"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A5%E9%87%8D%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E5%BE%81%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%922" class="mw-redirect" title="严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2">严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2</a></div> <p>而2019年末開始出現了其變種<a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85" title="2019冠状病毒病">2019冠状病毒病</a>，雖然致死率在大部分地區低於SARS，但總確診及死亡人數則遠超其，专家则认为其传染性与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="流感病毒">流感病毒</a>相似。由此在<a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85" title="2019冠状病毒病疫情">2019冠状病毒病疫情</a>中大部分被<a href="/wiki/SARS%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="SARS事件">SARS事件</a>波及的國家与地區的感染人数与死亡人数也是遠超當時，甚至破千倍。 </p><p>此次疫情被多个国际组织与媒体形容为是继<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a>后最严峻的危机和最嚴重的疫情，遠遠甚於SARS的狀況，並造成史無前例的其他影響比如對經濟造成不小衝擊，同时也是<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="抗生素">抗生素</a>普及後上最严重的大流行瘟疫。全球<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E4%BE%8B%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="病例死亡率">病例死亡率</a>為<span data-sort-value="7000101712293015257♠" style="display:none"></span>1.02%<sup id="cite_ref-JHU_ticker_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JHU_ticker-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而<a href="/wiki/Delta%E5%8F%98%E7%A7%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta变种">Delta變種</a>在英格蘭錄得0.04%（50歲以下）及6.5%（50歲以上）無疫苗病例死亡率<sup id="cite_ref-voctech_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voctech-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。總確診人数在2023年3月10日<sup id="cite_ref-JHU_ticker_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JHU_ticker-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>時达到了<a href="/wiki/SARS" class="mw-redirect" title="SARS">SARS</a>的29322倍，而死亡人數则达到了6260倍，更引出了<a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8B%80%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E8%88%87%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="2019冠狀病毒病疫情全球反應與影響">世界各地長期以來的各種問題</a>以及各種<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E8%AC%80%E8%AB%96" title="陰謀論">陰謀論</a>，以及接觸病毒人數越來越多，而病例死亡率趨於下降。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="流行性感冒和禽流感"><span id=".E6.B5.81.E8.A1.8C.E6.80.A7.E6.84.9F.E5.86.92.E5.92.8C.E7.A6.BD.E6.B5.81.E6.84.9F"></span>流行性感冒和禽流感</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：流行性感冒和禽流感"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C" title="流感大流行">流感大流行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒">流行性感冒</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BD%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F" title="禽流感">禽流感</a></div> <p>歷史上<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒">流行性感冒</a>平均每20至40年便出現一次<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C" title="流感大流行">全球大流行</a>，而2004年2月，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>出現<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BD%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F" title="禽流感">禽流感</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85" title="流行病">流行病</a>，令人擔心新型流感出現的可能。结果<a href="/wiki/H5N1" class="mw-redirect" title="H5N1">H5N1</a>病毒與人類現行流感病毒出現基因轉換，新型流感將可能出現，並獲得人對人的高度傳染性，也可能造成人類大量死亡，儘管目前對未來的推測不可認為完全正確，但若能有效預防，應能減少未來的恐慌或損失。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="世界衛生組織的對策"><span id=".E4.B8.96.E7.95.8C.E8.A1.9B.E7.94.9F.E7.B5.84.E7.B9.94.E7.9A.84.E5.B0.8D.E7.AD.96"></span>世界衛生組織的對策</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：世界衛生組織的對策"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C" title="流感大流行">流感大流行</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E8%AD%A6%E5%91%8A" title="流感大流行警告">流感大流行警告</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界衛生組織">世界衛生組織</a>已針對<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒">流行性感冒</a>可能的大流行研議出一套全球備戰計畫，定義了瘟疫的各種等級和發展階段，架構出<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國">聯合國</a>在瘟疫發生時的運作角色，也對世界各國提出事前的準備建議。 </p> <dl><dt>預備期</dt></dl> <ul><li>第一階段：未有新型<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="流行性感冒病毒">流行性感冒病毒</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E" title="人類">人類</a>中發現。</li> <li>第二階段：出現新型流行性感冒病毒，主要只感染<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="動物">動物</a>，但病毒變異可能威脅人類。</li></ul> <dl><dt>警戒期</dt></dl> <ul><li>第三階段：人類受到新型流行性感冒病毒感染，但未出現或只有少量人傳人個案。</li> <li>第四階段：病毒人傳人個案增加，有持續人傳人的趨勢。</li> <li>第五階段：病毒出現大量人傳人的案例。</li></ul> <dl><dt>瘟疫期</dt></dl> <ul><li>第六階段：爆發大流行，造成族群間的廣泛傳染。到這裡時，應該是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%97%9C%E6%B3%A8%E7%9A%84%E7%AA%81%E7%99%BC%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="國際關注的突發公共衛生事件">國際關注的突發公共衛生事件</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生物武器"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.89.A9.E6.AD.A6.E5.99.A8"></span>生物武器</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：生物武器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>瘟疫也曾被用來當成<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="生物武器">生物武器</a>。1346年時，蒙古軍將死於瘟疫的屍體丟到圍困的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="克里米亞">克里米亞</a>的卡法（今日<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%9A%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="费奥多西亚">费奥多西亚</a>），<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AD%E5%B0%BC%E5%88%AB" title="札尼别">札尼別</a>時代的蒙古軍中，多人得了瘟疫，在長期圍困後，蒙古軍將因瘟疫的死屍體丟到城內，試圖傳染給城內的居民。這可能是導致<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%AD%BB%E7%97%85" title="黑死病">黑死病</a>在歐洲蔓延的原因之一<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91" title="美洲原住民">美洲原住民</a>在和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="旧大陆">旧大陆</a>的探險隊接觸後，因為探險隊也引入許多致命的疾病，造成美洲原住民的大量死亡。有記載對美洲原住民的細菌戰只有一次，是在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%EF%BC%8D%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="法國－印第安人戰爭">法國－印第安人戰爭</a>後期，約1763年的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%90%E8%92%82%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="龐蒂亞克戰爭">龐蒂亞克戰爭</a>中，是由英國指揮官<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%BB%98%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="杰弗里·阿默斯特">杰弗裡·阿默斯特</a>曾想將有天花病毒的毯子送給印地安人<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。可是不確定後來是否真的讓印地安人感染天花<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%8A%97%E6%97%A5%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="中國抗日戰爭">中國抗日戰爭</a>（1937-1945）期间，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="大日本帝國陸軍">日本军队</a>的<a href="/wiki/731%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="731部队">731部队</a>为从事<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="生物战">生物战</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="细菌战">细菌战</a>研究而对成千上万的人进行<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%AB%94%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97" class="mw-redirect" title="人體實驗">人體實驗</a>，其中大多数是中国人。在军事战役中，日本军队对中国軍人和平民也使用过细菌武器，造成<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E4%B9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="霍乱">霍乱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E7%96%BD%E7%97%85" title="炭疽病">炭疽病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫">鼠疫</a>等疾病流行，使大约40万中国平民丧生。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>已知可被用于战争的疾病包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E7%96%BD%E7%97%85" title="炭疽病">炭疽病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8D%9A%E6%8B%89%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="埃博拉病毒">埃博拉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E5%A0%A1%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="马尔堡病毒">马尔堡病毒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫">鼠疫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E4%B9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="霍乱">霍乱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E7%96%B9%E5%82%B7%E5%AF%92" title="斑疹傷寒">斑疹傷寒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E7%A3%AF%E5%B1%B1%E6%96%91%E9%BB%9E%E7%86%B1" title="落磯山斑點熱">落磯山斑點熱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%94%E7%86%B1%E7%97%85" title="兔熱病">兔熱病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%AD%AF%E6%B0%8F%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%85" title="布魯氏菌病">布魯氏菌病</a>、<a href="/wiki/Q%E5%9E%8B%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F" title="Q型流感">Q型流感</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E5%88%A9%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E5%87%BA%E8%A1%80%E7%83%AD" title="玻利维亚出血热">玻利维亚出血热</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%83%E5%AD%A2%E5%AD%90%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="球孢子菌病">球孢子菌病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%BC%BB%E7%96%BD" title="馬鼻疽">馬鼻疽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E9%BC%BB%E7%96%BD" title="類鼻疽">類鼻疽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E8%B4%BA%E6%B0%8F%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="志贺氏菌">志賀氏菌</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9A%E9%B5%A1%E7%86%B1" title="鸚鵡熱">鸚鵡熱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E4%B9%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%84%91%E7%82%8E" title="流行性乙型脑炎">流行性乙型脑炎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%82%E8%B0%B7%E7%86%B1" title="裂谷熱">裂谷熱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%83%AD%E7%97%85" title="黄热病">黄热病</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%8A%B1" title="天花">天花</a>等。<sup id="cite_ref-Alibek_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alibek-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85" title="地方性流行病">地方性流行病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB%E5%8F%B2" title="中國瘟疫史">中國瘟疫史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9B%E6%9E%97%E8%82%89" title="丛林肉">叢林肉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%98%9F%E7%A5%9E" title="瘟神">瘟神</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>參考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：參考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section11.html">Principles of Epidemiology | Lesson 1 - Section 11</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%96%BE%E6%8E%A7%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" class="mw-redirect" title="美國疾控中心">美国疾控中心</a>（CDC）. 2020-05-11 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-12-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190615132128/https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section11.html">存档</a>于2019-06-15） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到美国英语网页">（美国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Epidemiology+%7C+Lesson+1+-+Section+11&rft.date=2020-05-11&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%96%BE%E6%8E%A7%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%EF%BC%88CDC%EF%BC%89&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcsels%2Fdsepd%2Fss1978%2Flesson1%2Fsection11.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/frequently_asked_questions/pandemic/en/">What is a pandemic?</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界卫生组织">世界卫生组织</a>（WHO）. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-12-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416122711/https://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/frequently_asked_questions/pandemic/en/">存档</a>于2021-04-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.btitle=What+is+a+pandemic%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%EF%BC%88WHO%EF%BC%89&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fcsr%2Fdisease%2Fswineflu%2Ffrequently_asked_questions%2Fpandemic%2Fen%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/zh/">流行和大流行性疾病</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界卫生组织">世界卫生组织</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-12-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210410185337/https://www.who.int/csr/disease/zh/">存档</a>于2021-04-10） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.btitle=%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E5%92%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fcsr%2Fdisease%2Fzh%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/en/">WHO | Disease outbreaks</a>. 世界卫生组织（WHO）. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-12-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210410153238/https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/en/">存档</a>于2021-04-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.btitle=WHO+%7C+Disease+outbreaks&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%EF%BC%88WHO%EF%BC%89&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Femergencies%2Fdiseases%2Fen%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-who-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-who_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/avian_faqs/en/">Avian influenza frequently asked questions</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界衛生組織">世界衛生組織</a>. December 5, 2005 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-02-13</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041124215153/http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/avian_faqs/en/">存档</a>于2004-11-24） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>. <q>A pandemic can start when three conditions have been met: a new influenza virus subtype emerges; it infects humans, causing serious illness; and it spreads easily and sustainably among humans.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.btitle=Avian+influenza+frequently+asked+questions&rft.date=2005-12-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fcsr%2Fdisease%2Favian_influenza%2Favian_faqs%2Fen%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JHU_ticker-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JHU_ticker_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JHU_ticker_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6"><bdi lang="en">COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU)</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ArcGIS" title="ArcGIS">ArcGIS</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%99%AE%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="约翰斯·霍普金斯大学">Johns Hopkins University</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-03-10</span>]</span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.atitle=COVID-19+Dashboard+by+the+Center+for+Systems+Science+and+Engineering+%28CSSE%29+at+Johns+Hopkins+University+%28JHU%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ArcGIS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgisanddata.maps.arcgis.com%2Fapps%2Fopsdashboard%2Findex.html%23%2Fbda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-voctech-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-voctech_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1012644/Technical_Briefing_21.pdf">SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation in England Technical Briefing 21</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Public Health England: 16 and 22. 2021-08-20 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2021]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210829032842/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1012644/Technical_Briefing_21.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2021-08-29） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.atitle=SARS-CoV-2+variants+of+concern+and+variants+under+investigation+in+England+Technical+Briefing+21&rft.date=2021-08-20&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+Health+England&rft.pages=16+and+22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F1012644%2FTechnical_Briefing_21.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steward's "The Next Global Threat: Pandemic Influenza".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Wheelis M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080521182654/http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol8no9/01-0536.htm">Biological Warfare at the 1346 Siege of Caffa</a>. Emerging Infect. Dis. September 2002, <b>8</b> (9): 971–5 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-11-08</span>]</span>. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2732530"><span title="公共医学中心">PMC 2732530</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12194776"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 12194776</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3201%2Feid0809.010536"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.3201/eid0809.010536</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol8no9/01-0536.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2008-05-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.atitle=Biological+Warfare+at+the+1346+Siege+of+Caffa&rft.au=Wheelis+M&rft.date=2002-09&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Infect.+Dis.&rft.pages=971-5&rft.volume=8&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2732530&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fncidod%2FEID%2Fvol8no9%2F01-0536.htm&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3201%2Feid0809.010536&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12194776&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Diamond, Jared. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gunsgermssteelfa0000diam">Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies</a>. W.W. Norton & Company. 1997. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-393-03891-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-393-03891-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-393-03891-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.aufirst=Jared&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.btitle=Guns%2C+Germs%2C+and+Steel%3A+The+Fates+of+Human+Societies&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-393-03891-2&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgunsgermssteelfa0000diam&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dixon, <i>Never Come to Peace</i>, 152–55; McConnell, <i>A Country Between</i>, 195–96; Dowd, <i>War under Heaven</i>, 190. 以下是一些認為有感染天花給印地安人的文獻：Nester, <i>Haughty Conquerors"</i>, 112; Jennings, <i>Empire of Fortune</i>, 447–48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Christopher Hudson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=439776&in_page_id=1770">Doctors of Depravity</a>. London: Daily Mail. 2 March 2007 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-11-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929145353/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=439776&in_page_id=1770">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&rft.atitle=Doctors+of+Depravity&rft.au=Christopher+Hudson&rft.date=2007-03-02&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Fpages%2Flive%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Fnews.html%3Fin_article_id%3D439776%26in_page_id%3D1770&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alibek-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alibek_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ken Alibek and S. Handelman. <i>Biohazard (book)|Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World – Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran it.</i> 1999. Delta (2000) <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780385334969" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-385-33496-9</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0385334966/">[1]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220114044743/http://www.amazon.com/dp/0385334966/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pandemic" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pandemic"><span style="font-weight:bold;">瘟疫</span></a></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070102001839/http://www.scribemedia.org/2006/12/18/pandemic-preparedness/">Pandemic Preparedness video. Expert panel discussion</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/en/">WHO - Authoritative source of information about global health issues</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180128075327/http://www.who.int/en/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/4381924.stm">Past pandemics that ravaged Europe</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20171007210210/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/4381924.stm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic/phases.htm">CDC: Influenza Pandemic Phases</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110511210114/http://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic/phases.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pandemicflu.gov">U.S. government's pandemic flu and avian flu information site</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090426060806/http://www.pandemicflu.gov/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070103062127/http://www.fluwikie.com/index.php?n=Main.HomePage">The Flu Wiki — to help local communities prepare for and perhaps cope with a possible influenza pandemic.</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060314174513/http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&articleID=000DCB5A-9CC7-134E-9CC783414B7F0000">Scientific American Magazine (November 2005 Issue) Preparing for a Pandemic</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vega.org.uk/video/programme/6">'Defying Death'</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20061230103900/http://www.vega.org.uk/video/programme/6">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Freeview 'Next Big Thing' Video. A Discussion by the Vega Science Trust and the BBC/OU<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="傳染病">傳染病</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="微生物学">微生物学</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术领域<br />(<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%93" title="病原体">病原体</a>)<br />主要传染疾病</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="微生物学">微生物学</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%8E%9F%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C" title="病原细菌">病原细菌</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E4%BA%82" title="霍亂">霍亂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%96%89" title="白喉">白喉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E9%A3%8E%E7%97%85" title="麻风病">麻风病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A0%E7%96%AB" title="鼠疫">鼠疫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%AF%92" title="梅毒">梅毒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E4%BC%A4%E9%A3%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="破伤风">破伤风</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%A0%B8%E7%97%85" title="结核病">结核病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A4%E5%AF%92" title="伤寒">伤寒</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E5%AD%A6" title="病毒学">病毒学</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒">病毒</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8A%E6%AF%92%E9%AB%94" title="朊毒體">朊毒體</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" title="艾滋病">AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85" title="2019冠状病毒病">COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="乙型肝炎">乙型肝炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒">流行性感冒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%96%B9" title="麻疹">麻疹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E9%AB%93%E7%81%B0%E8%B3%AA%E7%82%8E" title="脊髓灰質炎">脊髓灰質炎</a>（小儿麻痺）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%8A%B1" title="天花">天花</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%B7%E7%B6%BF%E7%8B%80%E8%85%A6%E7%97%85" title="傳染性海綿狀腦病">傳染性海綿狀腦病</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%85" title="真菌病">真菌病</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%B4%E7%97%85%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C" title="致病真菌">致病真菌</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%B4%E9%BB%B4%E5%B1%AC#麴黴症" title="麴黴屬">麴菌症</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%B5%E7%8F%A0%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%87" title="念珠菌症">念珠菌症</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%99%AC%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%85" title="皮癬菌病">皮癬菌病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%B0%B7%E7%83%AD" title="山谷热">山谷热</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%99%AB%E5%AD%A6" title="寄生虫学">寄生虫学</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E8%99%AB%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93" title="原虫传染">原生動物</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%A0%95%E8%99%AB%E7%97%85" title="蠕虫病">寄生蠕虫</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%B7%B4%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="阿米巴症">阿米巴症</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A4%E8%9F%B2%E7%97%87" title="鉤蟲症">鉤蟲症</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%9F%E7%96%BE" title="疟疾">疟疾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%90%B8%E8%99%AB%E7%97%85" title="血吸虫病">血吸虫病</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E7%94%A8%E6%98%86%E8%99%AB%E5%AD%A6" title="医用昆虫学">医用昆虫学</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="外寄生物感染">外寄生物</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%A8%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="蝨子">蝨子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%99%E8%9A%8C%E5%B1%AC" title="糙蚌屬">糙蚌屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相关人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%9E%97" title="埃米尔·阿道夫·冯·贝林">贝林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%88%A9%E5%B8%8C" title="保罗·埃尔利希">埃尔利希</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%8E%B1%E6%98%8E" title="亚历山大·弗莱明">弗莱明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E8%A9%B9%E7%B4%8D" title="愛德華·詹納">詹納</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E8%B5%AB" title="罗伯特·科赫">科赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%EF%BC%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%BB%A3%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="约瑟夫·李斯特，第一代李斯特男爵">李斯特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E7%BE%85%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%81%E6%A0%BC%E7%88%BE" title="弗羅倫斯·南丁格爾">南丁格尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7" title="路易·巴斯德">巴斯德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B" title="乔纳斯·索尔克">索尔克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%BA_(%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)" title="约翰·斯诺 (医学家)">斯诺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%A0%BC%E7%B4%8D%E8%8C%B2%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E9%BA%A5%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF" title="伊格納茲·塞麥爾維斯">塞麦尔维斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%87%8C%E6%9F%B4%E4%B8%89%E9%83%8E" title="北里柴三郎">北里柴三郎</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相关议题</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>医疗措施</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E8%8D%AF" title="抗细菌药">抗细菌药</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="抗生素">抗生素</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E8%8D%AF%E7%89%A9" title="抗病毒药物">抗病毒药物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%94%BE%E4%BD%93%E6%8A%97%E7%82%8E%E8%8D%AF" title="非甾体抗炎药">非甾体抗炎药</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0%E6%8A%97%E8%97%A5%E6%80%A7" title="抗生素抗藥性">抗生素抗藥性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97%E6%8E%A5%E7%A8%AE" title="疫苗接種">疫苗接種</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="感染">感染</a></b>与<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD%E9%80%94%E5%BE%84" title="传播途径">传播途径</a></b> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="感染源" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="感染源"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="感染源（页面不存在）">感染源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E6%BA%90" class="extiw" title="ja:感染源"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">感染源</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E7%A4%BA%E7%97%85%E4%BE%8B" title="指示病例">指示病例</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E7%85%A7%E9%A1%A7%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="醫療照顧相關感染">醫療照顧相關感染</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BF%E4%B8%BB" title="宿主">宿主</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%AE%BF%E4%B8%BB" title="自然宿主">自然宿主</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="食血昆虫传染" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title="Трансмиссивные болезни"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E8%A1%80%E6%98%86%E8%99%AB%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食血昆虫传染（页面不存在）">食血昆虫传染</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">俄语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Трансмиссивные болезни"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">Трансмиссивные болезни</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="传播模式" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Infektionsweg"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="传播模式（页面不存在）">传播模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infektionsweg" class="extiw" title="de:Infektionsweg"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Infektionsweg</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水平感染" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Horizontal transmission"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E5%B9%B3%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水平感染（页面不存在）">水平感染</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_transmission" class="extiw" title="en:Horizontal transmission"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Horizontal transmission</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="垂直感染" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vertically transmitted infection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9E%82%E7%9B%B4%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="垂直感染（页面不存在）">垂直感染</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertically_transmitted_infection" class="extiw" title="en:Vertically transmitted infection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vertically transmitted infection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E6%95%B0" title="基本传染数">基本传染数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD%E8%80%85" title="超級傳播者">超級傳播者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B6%E5%8E%9F%E8%80%85" title="帶原者">帶原者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%9C%E4%BC%8F%E6%9C%9F" title="潜伏期">潜伏期</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E6%BD%9C%E4%BC%8F%E6%9C%9F" title="病毒潜伏期">病毒</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E8%87%A8%E5%BA%8A%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="亞臨床感染">亞臨床感染</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%97%87%E7%8A%B6" title="无症状">无症状</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E4%BC%9A%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="机会性感染">机会性感染</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%84%9F%E4%B8%AA%E4%BD%93" title="易感个体">易感个体</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E7%A0%B4%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="突破性感染">突破性感染</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E9%87%8D%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="二重感染">二重感染</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="二次感染" data-lang-code="pl" data-lang-name="波兰语" data-foreign-title="Infekcja wtórna"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二次感染（页面不存在）">二次感染</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">波兰语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infekcja_wt%C3%B3rna" class="extiw" title="pl:Infekcja wtórna"><span lang="pl" dir="auto">Infekcja wtórna</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="感染控制" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Infection control"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="感染控制（页面不存在）">感染控制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection_control" class="extiw" title="en:Infection control"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Infection control</span></a></span>）</span></span>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E8%97%A5%E7%89%A9%E5%B9%B2%E9%A0%90" title="非藥物干預">非藥物干預</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E6%AF%92" title="消毒">消毒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%A2%E7%96%AB" title="檢疫">檢疫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%94%E9%9B%A2_(%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82)" title="隔離 (醫療)">隔離</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E8%A7%B8%E8%80%85%E8%BF%BD%E8%B9%A4" title="接觸者追蹤">接觸者追蹤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%AF%A9%E6%AA%A2" title="疾病篩檢">筛查</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%AA%92%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="病媒控制">病媒控制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E6%BA%90" title="控制传染源">控制传染源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E4%BD%93%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB" title="群体免疫">群体免疫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%9A%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="法定傳染病">法定傳染病</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%88%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="新興傳染病">新興傳染病</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%95%9C%E5%85%B1%E9%80%9A%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="人畜共通傳染病">人畜共通傳染病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%8E%9F%E6%BA%A2%E5%87%BA" title="病原溢出">病原溢出</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="跨物種感染">跨物種感染</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%B4%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="新兴病毒">新兴病毒</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F%E8%BD%89%E8%AE%8A" title="抗原轉變">抗原轉變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F%E6%BC%82%E8%AE%8A" title="抗原漂變">抗原漂變</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="X疾病">X疾病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E5%BC%82%E6%A0%AA" title="变异株">变异株</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新兴传染病研究与发现的历史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Discovery of disease-causing pathogens"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%85%B4%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新兴传染病研究与发现的历史（页面不存在）">新兴传染病研究与发现的历史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_of_disease-causing_pathogens" class="extiw" title="en:Discovery of disease-causing pathogens"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Discovery of disease-causing pathogens</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="消灭传染病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eradication of infectious diseases"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E6%BB%85%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="消滅傳染病">消灭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eradication_of_infectious_diseases" class="extiw" title="en:Eradication of infectious diseases"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eradication of infectious diseases</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">瘟疫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85%E5%AD%B8" title="傳染病學">傳染病學</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="傳染病歷史">傳染病歷史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E8%88%87%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="氣候變化與傳染病">氣候變化與傳染病</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="自然灾害" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="Template:自然灾害"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="Template talk:自然灾害"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:自然灾害"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="自然灾害" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="自然灾害">自然灾害</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">按<br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" title="現象">現<br />象</a><br />分<br />類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="氣象">氣象</a>災害</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">風災</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E6%97%8B" title="气旋">气旋</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="熱帶氣旋">熱帶氣旋</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%B1%E9%A2%A8" title="颱風">颱風</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="亞熱帶氣旋">副熱帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AF%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="副溫帶氣旋（页面不存在）">副溫帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="溫帶氣旋">溫帶氣旋</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%8D%B2%E9%A2%A8" title="龍捲風">龍捲風</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%B5%E6%8D%B2%E9%A2%A8" title="塵捲風">塵捲風</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%98%E6%9A%B4" title="沙尘暴">沙尘暴</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">寒災</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%BD%AE" title="寒潮">寒潮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E6%9A%B4" title="雪暴">雪暴</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%81%BD" title="火災">火災</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E7%81%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="山火">山火</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E6%97%B1" title="干旱">旱災</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%BE%E6%9E%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乾枯（页面不存在）">乾枯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7" title="雷">雷</a>、雷暴</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E6%B5%AA" title="热浪">热浪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E5%B0%94%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%BA%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="厄尔尼诺现象">厄尔尼诺现象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E5%A8%9C%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="拉尼娜现象">拉尼娜现象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96" title="全球变暖">全球暖化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E9%9B%B9" title="冰雹">冰雹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="雾">雾</a>害</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%BE%E5%AE%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="霾害">霾害</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="地理">地理</a>災害</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="地震學">地震學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87" title="地震">地震</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="地震灾害">地震灾害</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%95%B8" title="海啸">海啸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%99%B4%E7%99%BC%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B" title="火山噴發類型">火山噴發</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%BA%95%E5%99%B4%E7%99%BC" title="湖底噴發">湖底噴發</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E5%9D%97%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="板块运动">板塊運動</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="地質學">地質學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%A9%E5%A3%9E%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="崩壞作用">崩壞作用</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B4%A9" title="雪崩">雪崩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E5%B4%A9" title="山崩">山崩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9F%B3%E6%B5%81" title="泥石流">泥石流</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%80%92%E5%A1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="倒塌（页面不存在）">倒塌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%B1%A4%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%B7" title="地層下陷">地層下陷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%9C%9F%E6%B5%81%E5%A4%B1" title="水土流失">水土流失</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物">生物</a>災害</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="傳染病">傳染病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85" title="流行病">流行病</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">瘟疫</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%AA%92%E8%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="病媒蚊">病媒蚊</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9A%8A%E7%96%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蚊疫（页面不存在）">蚊疫</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%97%E7%81%BD" title="蝗災">蝗災</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A5%91%E8%8D%92" title="饑荒">饑荒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%B2%E5%AE%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="蟲害">虫害</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%A0%E5%AE%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼠害（页面不存在）">鼠害</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="水文学">水文</a>災害</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4" title="洪水">洪災</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E9%9B%A8" title="酸雨">酸雨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%B0" title="海冰">海冰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%8C%E6%B1%9B" title="凌汛">凌汛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E6%BD%AE" title="赤潮">赤潮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4%E6%BD%AE" title="风暴潮">风暴潮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="海洋灾害">海洋災害</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8B%E9%9D%A2%E9%9B%A8" title="锋面雨">鋒面雨</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E9%9B%A8" title="梅雨">梅雨</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%A8" title="对流雨">對流雨</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="天文">天文</a>災害</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="撞擊事件">撞擊事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E6%9A%B4" title="伽玛射线暴">伽玛射线暴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%80%E6%96%91" title="耀斑">耀斑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E6%96%B0%E6%98%9F" title="超新星">超新星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E8%B6%85%E6%96%B0%E6%98%9F" title="極超新星">極超新星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E6%9A%B4" title="磁暴">磁暴</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">複合型災害</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E6%97%8B" title="气旋">气旋</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="熱帶氣旋">熱帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="副熱帶氣旋">副熱帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="溫帶氣旋">溫帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AF%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="副溫帶氣旋（页面不存在）">副溫帶氣旋</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8B%E9%9D%A2%E9%9B%A8" title="锋面雨">鋒面雨</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E9%9B%A8" title="梅雨">梅雨</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%A8" title="对流雨">對流雨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87" title="地震">地震</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山</a>噴發</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">按<br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="物質">物<br />質</a><br />分<br />類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="土壤">地</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="岩石">石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E5%A1%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="灰塵">塵</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87" title="地震">地震</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E5%B4%A9" title="山崩">山崩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9F%B3%E6%B5%81" title="泥石流">泥石流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E6%B3%A5%E6%B5%81" title="火山泥流">火山泥流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%99%B4%E7%99%BC%E7%A2%8E%E5%B1%91" title="火山噴發碎屑">火山噴發碎屑</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%98%E6%9A%B4" title="沙尘暴">沙尘暴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%B5%E6%8D%B2%E9%A2%A8" title="塵捲風">塵捲風</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="撞擊事件">撞擊事件</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">液體</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4" title="洪水">洪水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%95%B8" title="海啸">海啸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E9%9B%A8" title="酸雨">酸雨</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">固體</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B4%A9" title="雪崩">雪崩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E6%9A%B4" title="雪暴">雪暴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%B0" title="海冰">海冰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E9%9B%B9" title="冰雹">冰雹</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">氣體</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E6%97%8B" title="气旋">气旋</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="熱帶氣旋">熱帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="副熱帶氣旋">副熱帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B" title="溫帶氣旋">溫帶氣旋</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AF%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="副溫帶氣旋（页面不存在）">副溫帶氣旋</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%8D%B2%E9%A2%A8" title="龍捲風">龍捲風</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="雾">雾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%BA%95%E5%99%B4%E7%99%BC" title="湖底噴發">湖底噴發</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E6%9A%B4" title="雪暴">雪暴</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB" title="火">火</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E7%81%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="山火">山火</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">列表</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BD%E5%AE%B3%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%B8%E6%8E%92%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="自然災害死亡人數排序列表">自然災害死亡人數列表</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="洪災列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of floods"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%AA%E7%81%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洪災列表（页面不存在）">洪災列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_floods" class="extiw" title="en:List of floods"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of floods</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%80%A7%E7%81%AB%E7%81%BE%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="历史性火灾列表">历史性火灾列表</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="山火列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of wildfires"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B1%B1%E7%81%AB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="山火列表（页面不存在）">山火列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wildfires" class="extiw" title="en:List of wildfires"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of wildfires</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="熱帶氣旋列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of tropical cyclones"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱帶氣旋列表（页面不存在）">熱帶氣旋列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tropical_cyclones" class="extiw" title="en:List of tropical cyclones"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of tropical cyclones</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E6%97%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="溫帶氣旋列表（页面不存在）">溫帶氣旋列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="地震列表">地震列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%81%BD%E5%AE%B3" title="Portal:災害">災害</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="Portal:地球科學">地球科學</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="模板"><img alt="模板" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Symbol_template_class.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Symbol_template_class.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Symbol_template_class.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3" title="Template:灾害">災害</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="全球災難危機" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%81%BD%E9%9B%A3%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="Template:全球災難危機"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%81%BD%E9%9B%A3%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="Template talk:全球災難危機"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%81%BD%E9%9B%A3%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:全球災難危機"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="全球災難危機" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%81%BD%E9%9B%A3%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="全球災難危機">全球災難危機</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86" title="地球的未來">地球的未來</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5" title="膨胀宇宙的未来">膨胀宇宙的未来</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%9A%84%E7%B5%82%E6%A5%B5%E5%91%BD%E9%81%8B" title="宇宙的終極命運">宇宙的終極命運</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">技術</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E4%B9%8B%E9%90%98" title="末日之鐘">末日之鐘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="化学战">化学战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%94%BB%E5%87%BB" title="网络攻击">网络攻击</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E7%B5%A1%E6%88%B0" title="網絡戰">網絡戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="網路恐怖主義">網路恐怖主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E6%88%B0" title="網路末日戰">網路末日戰</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%95%E8%83%BD%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="天基動能武器">軌道動能武器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E4%BA%92%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%89%E6%AF%80%E6%BB%85" title="相互保證毀滅">相互保證毀滅</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E4%B9%8B%E6%89%8B" title="死亡之手">死亡之手</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="末日装置" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Doomsday device"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E8%A3%85%E7%BD%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="末日装置（页面不存在）">末日装置</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doomsday_device" class="extiw" title="en:Doomsday device"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Doomsday device</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="反物质武器">反物质武器</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="核战争">核战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%83%BD%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E5%AF%B9%E6%92%9E%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%80%A7" title="高能粒子对撞实验的安全性">高能粒子对撞实验的安全性</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E9%BB%91%E6%B4%9E" title="微型黑洞">微型黑洞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E7%95%B0%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B%E5%9C%98" title="奇異夸克團">奇異夸克團</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD" title="合成智能">合成智能</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="人工智慧">人工智慧</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%98%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9" title="通用人工智能的生存风险">通用人工智能的生存风险</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E5%8F%9B%E8%AE%8A" title="人工智慧叛變">人工智慧叛變</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%A5%87%E7%82%B9" title="技术奇点">科技奇异点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="超人类主义">超人类主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E8%89%B2%E7%B2%98%E8%B4%A8" title="灰色粘质">灰色粘质</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000%E5%B9%B4%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="2000年问题">千年虫</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2038%E5%B9%B4%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="2038年问题">2038年问题</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10000%E5%B9%B4%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="10000年问题">10000年问题</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">社会学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%BA%E8%AF%81" title="末日论证">末日论证</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="对末日自我指示假设的反驳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Self-Indication Assumption Doomsday argument rebuttal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%B9%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E6%8C%87%E7%A4%BA%E5%81%87%E8%AE%BE%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%8D%E9%A9%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="对末日自我指示假设的反驳（页面不存在）">对末日自我指示假设的反驳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-Indication_Assumption_Doomsday_argument_rebuttal" class="extiw" title="en:Self-Indication Assumption Doomsday argument rebuttal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Self-Indication Assumption Doomsday argument rebuttal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="对末日自我预言假设的反驳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%B9%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80%E5%81%87%E8%AE%BE%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%8D%E9%A9%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="对末日自我预言假设的反驳（页面不存在）">对末日自我预言假设的反驳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-referencing_doomsday_argument_rebuttal" class="extiw" title="en:Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="经济崩溃" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economic collapse"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%B4%A9%E6%BA%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经济崩溃（页面不存在）">经济崩溃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_collapse" class="extiw" title="en:Economic collapse"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economic collapse</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="马尔萨斯主义">马尔萨斯灾难</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F" title="新世界秩序">新世界秩序</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%B5%A9%E5%8A%AB" title="核浩劫">核浩劫</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9" title="核冬天">核冬天</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="核饥荒" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="nuclear famine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%B8%E9%A5%A5%E8%8D%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="核饥荒（页面不存在）">核饥荒</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nuclear_famine" class="extiw" title="en:nuclear famine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">nuclear famine</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4%E5%BC%B9" title="钴弹">钴弹</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%B4%A9%E6%BA%83" title="社会崩溃">社会崩溃</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="崩溃学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Collapsology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B4%A9%E6%BA%83%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="崩溃学（页面不存在）">崩溃学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collapsology" class="extiw" title="en:Collapsology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Collapsology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" title="第三次世界大戰">第三次世界大戰</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生物学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9D%E7%81%AD" title="绝灭">大灭绝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E7%81%AD%E7%BB%9D" title="生物集群灭绝">灭绝事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96%E6%BB%85%E7%B5%95%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="全新世滅絕事件">全新世滅絕事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E6%BB%85%E7%B5%95" title="人類滅絕">人類滅絕</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="遺傳侵蝕" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genetic erosion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E4%BE%B5%E8%9D%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="遺傳侵蝕（页面不存在）">遺傳侵蝕</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_erosion" class="extiw" title="en:Genetic erosion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genetic erosion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" title="基因污染">基因污染</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A0%B7%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%A7%E5%A4%B1" title="生物多样性丧失">生物多样性丧失</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E6%A0%96%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E5%87%8F%E5%B0%91%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="两栖动物减少问题">两栖动物种群数量减少</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="昆虫种群数量减少" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Decline in insect populations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%86%E8%99%AB%E7%A7%8D%E7%BE%A4%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E5%87%8F%E5%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="昆虫种群数量减少（页面不存在）">昆虫种群数量减少</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decline_in_insect_populations" class="extiw" title="en:Decline in insect populations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Decline in insect populations</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物技术的风险" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Biotechnology risk"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物技术的风险（页面不存在）">生物技术的风险</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnology_risk" class="extiw" title="en:Biotechnology risk"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Biotechnology risk</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="生物武器">生物武器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="细菌战">细菌战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="生物恐怖主義">生物恐怖主義</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%82%E7%BE%A4%E5%B4%A9%E5%A3%9E%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="蜂群崩壞症候群">蜂群崩壞症候群</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="驱除原虫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Defaunation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%B1%E9%99%A4%E5%8E%9F%E8%99%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="驱除原虫（页面不存在）">驱除原虫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defaunation" class="extiw" title="en:Defaunation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Defaunation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A3%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%A6" title="劣生学">劣生学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E9%99%85%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" title="星际污染">星际污染</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">瘟疫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="传粉者下降" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pollinator decline"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%A0%E7%B2%89%E8%80%85%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="传粉者下降（页面不存在）">传粉者下降</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollinator_decline" class="extiw" title="en:Pollinator decline"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pollinator decline</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E6%8D%95%E9%AD%9A" title="過度捕魚">過度捕魚</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">天文学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%93%A0%E5%A3%93" title="大擠壓">大擠壓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%92%95%E8%A3%82" title="大撕裂">大撕裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%86%95%E5%B7%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%99%B4%E7%99%BC" title="日冕巨量噴發">日冕大量抛射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" title="假真空衰变">伪真空</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地球变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Earth Changes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球变化（页面不存在）">地球变化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Changes" class="extiw" title="en:Earth Changes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Earth Changes</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E6%9A%B4" title="伽玛射线暴">伽玛射线暴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%AF%82" title="热寂">热寂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="撞擊事件">撞擊事件</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小行星撞擊迴避" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Asteroid impact avoidance"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E8%BF%B4%E9%81%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小行星撞擊迴避（页面不存在）">小行星撞擊迴避</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroid_impact_avoidance" class="extiw" title="en:Asteroid impact avoidance"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Asteroid impact avoidance</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小行星撞擊预测" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Asteroid impact prediction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E9%A2%84%E6%B5%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小行星撞擊预测（页面不存在）">小行星撞擊预测</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroid_impact_prediction" class="extiw" title="en:Asteroid impact prediction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Asteroid impact prediction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%9B%E5%9C%A8%E5%A8%81%E8%84%85%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="潛在威脅天體">潛在威脅天體</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" title="近地天体">近地天体</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9" title="撞击冬天">撞击冬天</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E8%B6%85%E6%96%B0%E6%98%9F" title="近地超新星">近地超新星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%80%E6%96%91" title="耀斑">耀斑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E" title="恆星碰撞">恆星碰撞</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生態学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E7%8E%87%E8%88%87%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96" title="氣候變率與變化">氣候變遷</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%BA%E6%B0%A7%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="缺氧事件">缺氧事件</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物多样性缺失" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Biodiversity loss"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A0%B7%E6%80%A7%E7%BC%BA%E5%A4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物多样性缺失（页面不存在）">生物多样性缺失</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity_loss" class="extiw" title="en:Biodiversity loss"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Biodiversity loss</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="群体性灭亡事件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mass mortality event"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%A4%E4%BD%93%E6%80%A7%E7%81%AD%E4%BA%A1%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="群体性灭亡事件（页面不存在）">群体性灭亡事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_mortality_event" class="extiw" title="en:Mass mortality event"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mass mortality event</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="層疊效應" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cascade effect (ecology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B1%A4%E7%96%8A%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="層疊效應（页面不存在）">層疊效應</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascade_effect_(ecology)" class="extiw" title="en:Cascade effect (ecology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cascade effect (ecology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="两极偏移造成的灾难性后果" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%A4%E6%9E%81%E5%81%8F%E7%A7%BB%E9%80%A0%E6%88%90%E7%9A%84%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE%E6%80%A7%E5%90%8E%E6%9E%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="两极偏移造成的灾难性后果（页面不存在）">两极偏移造成的灾难性后果</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataclysmic_pole_shift_hypothesis" class="extiw" title="en:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候天启" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate apocalypse"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%A4%A9%E5%90%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候天启（页面不存在）">气候天启</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_apocalypse" class="extiw" title="en:Climate apocalypse"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate apocalypse</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E7%A0%8D%E4%BC%90" title="森林砍伐">森林砍伐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0%E5%8C%96" title="沙漠化">沙漠化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖造成的灭绝问题" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Extinction risk from global warming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E9%80%A0%E6%88%90%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AD%E7%BB%9D%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖造成的灭绝问题（页面不存在）">全球变暖造成的灭绝问题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_risk_from_global_warming" class="extiw" title="en:Extinction risk from global warming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Extinction risk from global warming</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E4%B8%B4%E7%95%8C%E7%82%B9" title="气候临界点">气候临界点</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%B5%81%E7%8E%84%E6%AD%A6%E5%B2%A9" title="洪流玄武岩">洪流玄武岩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E9%BB%AF%E5%8C%96" title="全球黯化">全球黯化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球地表风速静止" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Global terrestrial stilling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%A8%E9%A3%8E%E9%80%9F%E9%9D%99%E6%AD%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球地表风速静止（页面不存在）">全球地表风速静止</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_terrestrial_stilling" class="extiw" title="en:Global terrestrial stilling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Global terrestrial stilling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96" title="全球变暖">全球变暖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="超级飓风" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hypercane"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E9%A3%93%E9%A3%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超级飓风（页面不存在）">超级飓风</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercane" class="extiw" title="en:Hypercane"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hypercane</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%86%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="大冰期">大冰期</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生態滅絕" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ecocide"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E6%BB%85%E7%B5%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生態滅絕（页面不存在）">生態滅絕</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecocide" class="extiw" title="en:Ecocide"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ecocide</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生态崩溃" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ecological collapse"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%B4%A9%E6%BA%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生态崩溃（页面不存在）">生态崩溃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_collapse" class="extiw" title="en:Ecological collapse"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ecological collapse</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E9%80%80%E5%8C%96" title="环境退化">环境退化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%B2%E6%81%AF%E5%9C%B0%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E" title="棲息地破壞">棲息地破壞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E5%B0%8D%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="人類對環境的影響">人類對環境的影響</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候问题对珊瑚礁的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental issues with coral reefs"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E5%AF%B9%E7%8F%8A%E7%91%9A%E7%A4%81%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候问题对珊瑚礁的影响（页面不存在）">气候问题对珊瑚礁的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues_with_coral_reefs" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental issues with coral reefs"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental issues with coral reefs</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人类活动对水生动物的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Human impact on marine life"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E6%B4%BB%E5%8A%A8%E5%AF%B9%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%9F%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人类活动对水生动物的影响（页面不存在）">人类活动对水生动物的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_impact_on_marine_life" class="extiw" title="en:Human impact on marine life"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Human impact on marine life</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%9C%9F%E6%B5%81%E5%A4%B1" title="水土流失">水土流失</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土地损耗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Land consumption"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E6%8D%9F%E8%80%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土地损耗（页面不存在）">土地损耗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_consumption" class="extiw" title="en:Land consumption"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Land consumption</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="陆地表面对气候的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Land surface effects on climate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%86%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%AF%B9%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陆地表面对气候的影响（页面不存在）">陆地表面对气候的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_surface_effects_on_climate" class="extiw" title="en:Land surface effects on climate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Land surface effects on climate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E9%85%B8%E5%8C%96" title="海洋酸化">海洋酸化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E6%B0%A7%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E6%B4%9E" title="臭氧层空洞">臭氧层破洞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E6%9E%AF%E7%AB%AD" title="资源枯竭">资源枯竭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%87" title="海平面上升">海平面上升</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="超级火山">超级火山</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9" title="火山冬天">火山冬天</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="凡尔纳喷发" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Verneshot"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%A1%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E5%96%B7%E5%8F%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凡尔纳喷发（页面不存在）">凡尔纳喷发</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verneshot" class="extiw" title="en:Verneshot"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Verneshot</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" title="水污染">水污染</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="水危机">水資源匱乏</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%B6%85%E8%BD%BD%E6%97%A5" title="地球超载日">地球超载日</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E5%BA%A6%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC" title="過度開發">過度開發</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人口过剩" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Overpopulation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E9%81%8E%E5%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="人口過剩">人口过剩</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpopulation" class="extiw" title="en:Overpopulation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Overpopulation</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E9%81%8E%E5%A4%9A" title="人口過多">人口過多</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">宗教及神秘学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA" title="末世论">末世论</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教末世论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Buddhist eschatology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="佛教末世論">佛教末世论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_eschatology" class="extiw" title="en:Buddhist eschatology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Buddhist eschatology</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%8C%E5%8B%92%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="彌勒菩薩">彌勒菩薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%9C%9F%E6%B3%95%E8%BF%90" title="三期法运">三期法运</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度教末世论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hindu eschatology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度教末世论（页面不存在）">印度教末世论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_eschatology" class="extiw" title="en:Hindu eschatology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hindu eschatology</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%A8%82%E5%AD%A3" title="迦樂季">迦樂季</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%89%E6%96%97%E6%97%B6" title="争斗时">争斗时</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%A1%E5%88%A4" title="最后的审判">最后的审判</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A8%A3%E5%86%8D%E4%B8%B4" title="耶稣再临">耶稣再临</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%AB%BE%E6%9B%B8" title="以諾書">以諾書</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%86%E4%BB%A5%E7%90%86%E6%9B%B8" title="但以理書">但以理書</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="令人憎恶的荒凉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abomination of Desolation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A4%E4%BA%BA%E6%86%8E%E6%81%B6%E7%9A%84%E8%8D%92%E5%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="令人憎恶的荒凉（页面不存在）">令人憎恶的荒凉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abomination_of_Desolation" class="extiw" title="en:Abomination of Desolation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abomination of Desolation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E5%80%8B%E4%B8%83" title="七十個七">七十個七</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%8C%E8%B3%BD%E4%BA%9E" title="彌賽亞">彌賽亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" title="基督教末世論">基督教末世論</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E8%AE%BA" title="时代论">时代论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="未来主义 (基督教)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Futurism (Christianity)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="未来主义 (基督教)（页面不存在）">未来论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism_(Christianity)" class="extiw" title="en:Futurism (Christianity)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Futurism (Christianity)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="历史主义 (基督教)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Historicism (Christianity)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="历史主义 (基督教)（页面不存在）">历史论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historicism_(Christianity)" class="extiw" title="en:Historicism (Christianity)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Historicism (Christianity)</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="启示录的历史论解释" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Historicist interpretations of the Book of Revelation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E5%BD%95%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%BA%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="启示录的历史论解释（页面不存在）">启示录的历史论解释</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historicist_interpretations_of_the_Book_of_Revelation" class="extiw" title="en:Historicist interpretations of the Book of Revelation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Historicist interpretations of the Book of Revelation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="理想论 (基督教末世论)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Idealism (Christian eschatology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%86%E6%83%B3%E8%AE%BA_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="理想论 (基督教末世论)（页面不存在）">理想主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idealism_(Christian_eschatology)" class="extiw" title="en:Idealism (Christian eschatology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Idealism (Christian eschatology)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E8%AE%BA" title="末世预言实现论">末世预言实现论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%8C%E7%AF%87%E4%B8%8B%E5%8D%B7" title="以斯拉續篇下卷">以斯拉續篇下卷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%96%E6%92%92%E7%BE%85%E5%B0%BC%E8%BF%A6%E5%BE%8C%E6%9B%B8" title="帖撒羅尼迦後書">帖撒羅尼迦後書</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="有罪之人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Man of sin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E7%BD%AA%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有罪之人（页面不存在）">有罪之人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_of_sin" class="extiw" title="en:Man of sin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Man of sin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拦阻者" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Katechon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%A6%E9%98%BB%E8%80%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拦阻者（页面不存在）">拦阻者</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katechon" class="extiw" title="en:Katechon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Katechon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%8C%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3" title="敌基督">敌基督</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E5%BD%95" title="启示录">启示录</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="启示事件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Events of Revelation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="启示事件（页面不存在）">启示事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Events_of_Revelation" class="extiw" title="en:Events of Revelation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Events of Revelation</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%9B%E9%AA%91%E5%A3%AB" title="启示录中的四骑士">启示录中的四骑士</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火湖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lake of fire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%B9%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="火湖（页面不存在）">火湖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_of_fire" class="extiw" title="en:Lake of fire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lake of fire</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%B8%E5%90%8D%E6%95%B8%E7%9B%AE" title="獸名數目">獸名數目</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="七碗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Seven bowls"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%83%E7%A2%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="七碗（页面不存在）">七碗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_bowls" class="extiw" title="en:Seven bowls"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Seven bowls</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%B0" title="七印">七印</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="启示录中的野兽" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Beast (Revelation)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E5%85%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="启示录中的野兽（页面不存在）">野兽</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beast_(Revelation)" class="extiw" title="en:The Beast (Revelation)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Beast (Revelation)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%9F%E7%A4%BA%E9%8C%84%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%85%A9%E5%80%8B%E8%A6%8B%E8%AD%89%E4%BA%BA" title="啟示錄中的兩個見證人">兩個見證人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="天使战争">天使战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%AF%94%E4%BC%A6%E5%A4%A7%E6%B7%AB%E5%A6%87" title="巴比伦大淫妇">巴比伦大淫妇</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大变节" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Great Apostasy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%8F%98%E8%8A%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大变节（页面不存在）">大变节</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Apostasy" class="extiw" title="en:Great Apostasy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Great Apostasy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新地球 (基督教理论)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="New Earth (Christianity)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新地球 (基督教理论)（页面不存在）">新地球</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Earth_(Christianity)" class="extiw" title="en:New Earth (Christianity)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">New Earth (Christianity)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%80%B6%E8%B7%AF%E6%92%92%E5%86%B7" title="新耶路撒冷">新耶路撒冷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%84%E6%A6%84%E5%B1%B1%E8%AE%B2%E8%AE%BA" title="橄榄山讲论">橄榄山讲论</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE" title="大灾难">大灾难</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="灭亡之子" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Son of Perdition"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AD%E4%BA%A1%E4%B9%8B%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="灭亡之子（页面不存在）">灭亡之子</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son_of_Perdition" class="extiw" title="en:Son of Perdition"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Son of Perdition</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%BE%8A%E7%9A%84%E6%AF%94%E5%96%BB" title="分羊的比喻">分羊的比喻</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教末世論">伊斯蘭教末世論</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿尔·坎姆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="al-Qāʾim Āl Muḥammad"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%9D%8E%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿尔·坎姆（页面不存在）">阿尔·坎姆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/al-Q%C4%81%CA%BEim_%C4%80l_Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad" class="extiw" title="en:al-Qāʾim Āl Muḥammad"><span lang="en" dir="auto">al-Qāʾim Āl Muḥammad</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地球之兽" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beast of the Earth"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球之兽（页面不存在）">地球之兽</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" class="extiw" title="en:Beast of the Earth"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beast of the Earth</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%8B%92%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E5%A5%88%E8%8B%B1" title="左勒蓋爾奈英">左勒蓋爾奈英</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%88%C2%B7%E6%97%A6%E6%89%8E%E9%87%8C" title="麦西哈·旦扎里">旦扎里</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊斯拉斐尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Israfil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%90%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊斯拉斐尔（页面不存在）">伊斯拉斐尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israfil" class="extiw" title="en:Israfil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Israfil</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%AA" title="马赫迪">马赫迪</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="苏富扬尼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sufyani"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E5%AF%8C%E6%89%AC%E5%B0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏富扬尼（页面不存在）">苏富扬尼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufyani" class="extiw" title="en:Sufyani"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sufyani</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA" title="犹太教末世论">犹太教末世论</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="犹太教中的弥赛亚" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Messiah in Judaism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="犹太教中的弥赛亚（页面不存在）">弥赛亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messiah_in_Judaism" class="extiw" title="en:Messiah in Judaism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Messiah in Judaism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%A3%E6%AE%BF" title="第三圣殿">第三圣殿</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E7%A5%9E%E9%BB%83%E6%98%8F" title="諸神黃昏">北欧神话末世论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92%E8%92%82" title="弗拉绍克勒蒂">祆教末世论</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%BB%80%E6%89%AC%E7%89%B9" title="苏什扬特">祆教救世主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%AE%E6%B0%91" title="種民">種民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E4%BC%9A%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%96" title="元会运世">元会运世</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2011年时间终结预言" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2011 end times prediction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011%E5%B9%B4%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%BB%88%E7%BB%93%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2011年时间终结预言（页面不存在）">2011年时间终结预言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_end_times_prediction" class="extiw" title="en:2011 end times prediction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2011 end times prediction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E5%B9%B4%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" title="2012年現象">2012年現象</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="启示文学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Apocalyptic literature"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%9F%E7%A4%BA%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="啟示文學">启示文学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apocalyptic_literature" class="extiw" title="en:Apocalyptic literature"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Apocalyptic literature</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93%E5%95%9F%E7%A4%BA%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="聖經啟示文學">聖經啟示文學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%B1%B3%E5%90%89%E5%A4%9A%E9%A0%93" title="哈米吉多頓">哈米吉多頓</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="血月预言" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Blood moon prophecy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E6%9C%88%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血月预言（页面不存在）">血月预言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_moon_prophecy" class="extiw" title="en:Blood moon prophecy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Blood moon prophecy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="地球变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Earth Changes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球变化（页面不存在）">地球变化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_Changes" class="extiw" title="en:Earth Changes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Earth Changes</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B5%82%E7%B5%90" title="時間終結">時間終結</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E9%9D%A9%E5%92%8C%E7%91%AA%E5%90%84" title="歌革和瑪各">歌革和瑪各</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E9%A0%90%E8%A8%80%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="末日預言列表">末日預言列表</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弥赛亚信仰" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Messianism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弥赛亚信仰（页面不存在）">弥赛亚信仰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messianism" class="extiw" title="en:Messianism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Messianism</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弥赛亚时代" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Messianic Age"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弥赛亚时代（页面不存在）">弥赛亚时代</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messianic_Age" class="extiw" title="en:Messianic Age"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Messianic Age</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="千禧年主义">现代千禧年主义</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="旧千禧年主义" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Millennialism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A7%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="旧千禧年主义（页面不存在）">旧千禧年主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennialism" class="extiw" title="en:Millennialism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Millennialism</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E5%89%8D%E8%AE%BA" title="千禧年前论">千禧年前论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E8%AE%BA" title="无千禧年论">无千禧年论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E7%A6%A7%E5%B9%B4%E5%90%8E%E8%AE%BA" title="千禧年后论">千禧年后论</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E6%98%9F" title="涅墨西斯星">涅墨西斯星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%AF%94%E9%B2%81%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E" title="尼比鲁碰撞">尼比鲁碰撞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%AB%E6%8F%90" title="被提">被提</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="灾难前被提" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Prewrath"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE%E5%89%8D%E8%A2%AB%E6%8F%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="灾难前被提（页面不存在）">灾难前被提</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prewrath" class="extiw" title="en:Prewrath"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Prewrath</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="灾难后被提" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Post-tribulation rapture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE%E5%90%8E%E8%A2%AB%E6%8F%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="灾难后被提（页面不存在）">灾难后被提</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-tribulation_rapture" class="extiw" title="en:Post-tribulation rapture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Post-tribulation rapture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="死人复活" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Resurrection of the dead"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%8D%E6%B4%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="死人复活（页面不存在）">死人复活</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resurrection_of_the_dead" class="extiw" title="en:Resurrection of the dead"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Resurrection of the dead</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="启示录中的12标记预言" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Revelation 12 sign prophecy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%8412%E6%A0%87%E8%AE%B0%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="启示录中的12标记预言（页面不存在）">启示录中的12标记预言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revelation_12_sign_prophecy" class="extiw" title="en:Revelation 12 sign prophecy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Revelation 12 sign prophecy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%86%E4%B8%96" title="來世">來世</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">小说及幻想</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E6%98%9F%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5" title="外星生命入侵">外星人入侵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E5%B9%BB%E6%83%B3" title="末日幻想">末日幻想</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="末日小说列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="末日小说列表（页面不存在）">末日小说列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_and_post-apocalyptic_fiction" class="extiw" title="en:List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="末日片列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of apocalyptic films"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E7%89%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="末日片列表（页面不存在）">末日片列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" class="extiw" title="en:List of apocalyptic films"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of apocalyptic films</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cli-FI" title="Cli-FI">Cli-FI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%BD%E9%9B%A3%E7%89%87" title="災難片">災難片</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="灾难片列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of disaster films"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE%E7%89%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="灾难片列表（页面不存在）">灾难片列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disaster_films" class="extiw" title="en:List of disaster films"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of disaster films</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="虚构的末日装置列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of fictional doomsday devices"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%99%9A%E6%9E%84%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E8%A3%85%E7%BD%AE%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="虚构的末日装置列表（页面不存在）">虚构的末日装置列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_doomsday_devices" class="extiw" title="en:List of fictional doomsday devices"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of fictional doomsday devices</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="丧尸灾难" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Zombie apocalypse"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%A7%E5%B0%B8%E7%81%BE%E9%9A%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丧尸灾难（页面不存在）">丧尸灾难</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zombie_apocalypse" class="extiw" title="en:Zombie apocalypse"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zombie apocalypse</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AA%E5%B1%8D" title="喪屍">喪屍</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组织</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="存在风险研究中心" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Centre for the Study of Existential Risk"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%98%E5%9C%A8%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="存在风险研究中心（页面不存在）">存在风险研究中心</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_for_the_Study_of_Existential_Risk" class="extiw" title="en:Centre for the Study of Existential Risk"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Centre for the Study of Existential Risk</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="未来人文研究所" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Future of Humanity Institute"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%BA%E6%96%87%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="未来人文研究所（页面不存在）">未来人文研究所</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_Humanity_Institute" class="extiw" title="en:Future of Humanity Institute"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Future of Humanity Institute</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="生命未来研究所">生命未来研究所</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> 分类 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AF%E7%A4%BA%E8%AE%BA" title="Category:启示论">启示论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8D%B1%E5%AE%B3" title="Category:危害">危害</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="Category:未来问题">未来问题</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="公共卫生" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F" title="Template:公共卫生"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F" title="Template talk:公共卫生"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:公共卫生"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="公共卫生" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F" title="公共卫生">公共卫生</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">通科</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%80%A7%E5%8D%B1%E5%AE%B3" title="生物性危害">生物性危害</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="首席医疗官" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chief medical officer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E5%8C%BB%E7%96%97%E5%AE%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="首席医疗官（页面不存在）">首席医疗官</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_medical_officer" class="extiw" title="en:Chief medical officer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chief medical officer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="醫療縮寫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of medical abbreviations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="醫療縮寫（页面不存在）">醫療縮寫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medical_abbreviations" class="extiw" title="en:List of medical abbreviations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of medical abbreviations</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E4%BD%93%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%A6" title="人体解剖学">人体解剖学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="性教育">性教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E8%BD%A8%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="越轨社会学">越轨社会学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="环境健康" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="环境健康（页面不存在）">环境健康</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_health" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E5%A2%83%E5%AD%B8" title="優境學">優境學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%AA" title="全民健康保險">全民健康保險</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%9C%9F%E7%85%A7%E8%AD%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="長期照護">長期照護</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生理学">生理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="风险管理">风险管理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%AD%A6" title="免疫学">醫用微生物及免疫學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="医学社会学">医学社会学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="健康影響評估" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Health impact assessment"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF%E8%A9%95%E4%BC%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="健康影響評估（页面不存在）">健康影響評估</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_impact_assessment" class="extiw" title="en:Health impact assessment"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Health impact assessment</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%B4%A0%E9%A4%8A" title="健康素養">健康素養</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="衛生政策">衛生政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7" title="心理健康">心理健康</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E8%88%87%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="全球化與疾病">全球化與疾病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%AE%96%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7" title="生殖健康">生殖健康</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="社会心理学">社会心理学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="健康与疾病社会学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sociology of health and illness"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E4%B8%8E%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="健康与疾病社会学（页面不存在）">健康与疾病社会学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology_of_health_and_illness" class="extiw" title="en:Sociology of health and illness"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sociology of health and illness</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="環境衛生" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="環境衛生（页面不存在）">環境衛生</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_health" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E9%98%B2%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="預防醫學">預防醫學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2" title="计划生育">计划生育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E4%BF%83%E8%BF%9B" title="健康促进">健康促进</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0" title="风险评估">风险评估</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%A6" title="卫生学">卫生学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="食品安全">食品安全</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%97%E6%89%8B" title="洗手">洗手</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="感染预防与控制" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Infection prevention and control"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E9%A2%84%E9%98%B2%E4%B8%8E%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="感染预防与控制（页面不存在）">感染预防与控制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection_prevention_and_control" class="extiw" title="en:Infection prevention and control"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Infection prevention and control</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%85%94%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F" title="口腔衛生">口腔衛生</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="毒理學測試" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Toxicology testing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%92%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E6%B8%AC%E8%A9%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毒理學測試（页面不存在）">毒理學測試</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicology_testing" class="extiw" title="en:Toxicology testing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Toxicology testing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B7%E6%A5%AD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7" title="職業安全健康">職業安全健康</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%8C%E4%B8%9A%E7%97%85" title="职业病">职业病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%9B%A0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="人因工程学">人因工程学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="职业卫生" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Occupational hygiene"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B7%E6%A5%AD%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="職業衛生">职业卫生</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hygiene" class="extiw" title="en:Occupational hygiene"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Occupational hygiene</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%8C%E4%B8%9A%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="职业医学">职业医学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="职业健康护理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Occupational health nursing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%8C%E4%B8%9A%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E6%8A%A4%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="职业健康护理（页面不存在）">职业健康护理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_health_nursing" class="extiw" title="en:Occupational health nursing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Occupational health nursing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E4%BA%BA%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="病人安全">病人安全</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%80%A7%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" title="安全性行為">安全性行為</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD" title="卫生设施">卫生设施</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%AA%E5%8F%A3%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%84" title="粪口路径">粪口路径</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B2%E5%A4%A9%E6%8E%92%E4%BE%BF" title="露天排便">露天排便</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4%E9%81%93" title="下水道">下水道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%86%E5%A1%AB" title="堆填">垃圾掩埋場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%9D%A5%E6%B0%B4" title="自来水">自来水</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="风险管理">風險溝通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%92%E7%83%9F" title="戒烟">戒烟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97%E6%8E%A5%E7%A8%AE" title="疫苗接種">疫苗接種</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E5%AA%92%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="病媒控制">病媒控制</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人口健康" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Population health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人口健康（页面不存在）">人口健康</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_health" class="extiw" title="en:Population health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Population health</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%AD%B8" title="生物統計學">生物統計學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%BF%E7%AB%A5%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E7%8E%87" title="儿童死亡率">儿童死亡率</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F" title="社區衛生">社區衛生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%AD%A6" title="流行病学">流行病学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球健康" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Global health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球健康（页面不存在）">全球健康</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_health" class="extiw" title="en:Global health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Global health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="醫療系統">醫療系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%B4%E5%84%BF%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E7%8E%87" title="婴儿死亡率">婴儿死亡率</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开源健康软件列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of open-source health software"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开源健康软件列表（页面不存在）">开源健康软件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_open-source_health_software" class="extiw" title="en:List of open-source health software"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of open-source health software</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A0" title="健康的社会决定因素">健康的社会决定因素</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="健康平等" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Health equity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E5%B9%B3%E7%AD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="健康平等（页面不存在）">健康平等</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_equity" class="extiw" title="en:Health equity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Health equity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="种族与健康" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Race and health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%8E%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="种族与健康（页面不存在）">种族与健康</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_and_health" class="extiw" title="en:Race and health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Race and health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机科学">计算机科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7" title="健康">健康不平等</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%80%81%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="人口老化">人口老化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96" title="少子化">少子化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%AA%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="優生學">優生學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%AE%BA%E9%A0%90%E9%98%B2" title="自殺預防">自殺預防</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会医学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social medicine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会医学（页面不存在）">社会医学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_medicine" class="extiw" title="en:Social medicine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social medicine</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生物&<br />流行病統計</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E8%AA%AA%E6%AA%A2%E5%AE%9A" title="假說檢定">統計學假說</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%B7%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="方差分析">方差分析(ANOVA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B4%E6%AD%B8%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="迴歸分析">迴歸分析</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROC%E6%9B%B2%E7%BA%BF" title="ROC曲线">ROC曲线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E5%BE%92%E9%A0%93t%E6%AA%A2%E5%AE%9A" title="司徒頓t檢定">学生<i>t</i>检验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%E6%A3%80%E9%AA%8C" title="Z检验">Z检验</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E4%BE%8B%E5%B0%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="病例對照研究">病例對照研究</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%AF%B9%E7%85%A7%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C" title="随机对照试验">随机对照试验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E5%BA%8A%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%AD%A6" title="临床流行病学">临床流行病学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E9%A2%A8%E9%9A%AA" title="相對風險">相對風險</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="統計軟體列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of statistical software"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="統計軟體列表（页面不存在）">統計軟體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_statistical_software" class="extiw" title="en:List of statistical software"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of statistical software</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="統計分析系統">SAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPSS" title="SPSS">SPSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stata" title="Stata">Stata</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">傳染病流行病<br />的疾病防治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B6%E5%8E%9F%E8%80%85" title="帶原者">帶原者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="性傳染病">性傳染病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97" title="疫苗">疫苗管制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97%E6%8E%A5%E7%A8%AE" title="疫苗接種">疫苗接種</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">瘟疫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%9A%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="法定傳染病">法定傳染病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85" title="流行病">流行病</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E7%97%85%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="流行病列表">列表</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="傳染病">疫情監測</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%A2%E7%96%AB" title="檢疫">檢疫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="健康经济学">醫療經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E6%8C%81%E7%A4%BE%E4%BA%A4%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2" title="保持社交距離">保持社交距離</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="熱帶病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tropical disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="熱帶病（页面不存在）">熱帶病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Tropical disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tropical disease</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F" title="食品卫生">食品卫生</a><br />及安全管理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>食品 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="食品添加劑">添加劑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="食品化學">化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="食品工程">工程</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="食品微生物学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Food microbiology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食品微生物学（页面不存在）">微生物学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_microbiology" class="extiw" title="en:Food microbiology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Food microbiology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="食品安全">安全</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%BB%91%E5%BF%83%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" title="Category:黑心食品">食品安全丑闻</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="食品加工">食品加工</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%84%AA%E8%89%AF%E8%BE%B2%E7%94%A2%E5%93%81%E8%AD%89%E6%98%8E%E6%A8%99%E7%AB%A0" title="台灣優良農產品證明標章">CAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%AF%E5%A5%BD%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83" title="良好生产规范">良好生产规范</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B1%E5%AE%B3%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E9%BB%9E" title="危害分析重要管制點">HACCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_22000" title="ISO 22000">ISO 22000</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%AF%E5%A5%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83" title="良好农业规范">良好农业规范</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halal" class="mw-redirect" title="Halal">Halal</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F" title="清真">清真認證</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="食品技术">食品技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="轉基因">基因改造</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E6%94%B9%E9%80%A0%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" title="基因改造食品">基因改造食品</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">健康行為科學</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0%E6%93%B4%E6%95%A3%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="創新擴散理論">創新擴散理論</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="健康信念模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Health belief model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E4%BF%A1%E5%BF%B5%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="健康信念模式（页面不存在）">健康信念模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_belief_model" class="extiw" title="en:Health belief model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Health belief model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="理性行為模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rational emotive behavior therapy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="理性行為模式（页面不存在）">理性行為模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_emotive_behavior_therapy" class="extiw" title="en:Rational emotive behavior therapy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rational emotive behavior therapy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="計畫行為理論">計畫行為理論</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="階段變化模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Transtheoretical model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%8E%E6%AE%B5%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="階段變化模式（页面不存在）">階段變化模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transtheoretical_model" class="extiw" title="en:Transtheoretical model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Transtheoretical model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E8%AA%8D%E7%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="社會認知理論">社會認知理論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="社會支持理論">社會支持理論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD" title="健康传播">健康传播</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="precede porceed模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="PRECEDE-PROCEED"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Precede_porceed%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Precede porceed模式（页面不存在）">precede porceed模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRECEDE-PROCEED" class="extiw" title="en:PRECEDE-PROCEED"><span lang="en" dir="auto">PRECEDE-PROCEED</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社區健康營造" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Community health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%87%9F%E9%80%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社區健康營造（页面不存在）">社區健康營造</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_health" class="extiw" title="en:Community health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Community health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生態模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ecosystem model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生態模式（页面不存在）">生態模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem_model" class="extiw" title="en:Ecosystem model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ecosystem model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組織，<br />教育，<br />和歷史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組織</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界卫生组织">世界卫生组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%BB%81%E6%89%80%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="世界廁所組織">世界廁所組織</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="加勒比公共卫生局" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Caribbean Public Health Agency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%E6%AF%94%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%B1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加勒比公共卫生局（页面不存在）">加勒比公共卫生局</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_Public_Health_Agency" class="extiw" title="en:Caribbean Public Health Agency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Caribbean Public Health Agency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>中华人民共和国 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E9%A2%84%E9%98%B2%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%B1%80" title="国家疾病预防控制局">国家疾病预防控制局</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E9%A2%84%E9%98%B2%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="中国疾病预防控制中心">中国疾病预防控制中心（CCDC）</a></li></ul></li> <li>歐洲 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E9%A0%90%E9%98%B2%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="歐洲疾病預防控制中心">歐洲疾病預防控制中心（ECDC）</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="欧洲议会环境，公共卫生和食品安全委员会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%EF%BC%8C%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧洲议会环境，公共卫生和食品安全委员会（页面不存在）">欧洲议会环境，公共卫生和食品安全委员会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament_Committee_on_the_Environment,_Public_Health_and_Food_Safety" class="extiw" title="en:European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety"><span lang="en" dir="auto">European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>美国 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%8E%E9%A2%84%E9%98%B2%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="美国疾病控制与预防中心">美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E5%B1%80" title="美國公共衛生局">美國公共衛生局</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共卫生教育委员会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Council on Education for Public Health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共卫生教育委员会（页面不存在）">公共卫生教育委员会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Education_for_Public_Health" class="extiw" title="en:Council on Education for Public Health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Council on Education for Public Health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li>印度<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卫生和家庭福利部" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ministry of Health and Family Welfare"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%92%8C%E5%AE%B6%E5%BA%AD%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E9%83%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卫生和家庭福利部（页面不存在）">卫生和家庭福利部</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_and_Family_Welfare" class="extiw" title="en:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ministry of Health and Family Welfare</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="健康教育">健康教育</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公共卫生理学学士" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bachelor of Science in Public Health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E5%A3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共卫生理学学士（页面不存在）">公共卫生理学学士</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science_in_Public_Health" class="extiw" title="en:Bachelor of Science in Public Health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bachelor of Science in Public Health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%8D%9A%E5%A3%AB" title="公共卫生博士">公共卫生博士</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">歷史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="约瑟夫·李斯特">约瑟夫·李斯特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E6%A0%BC%E9%BA%97%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B1%B1%E9%A1%8D" title="瑪格麗特·山額">山額夫人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%BA_(%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)" title="约翰·斯诺 (医学家)">约翰·斯诺</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薩拉·約瑟芬·貝克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sara Josephine Baker"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E8%8A%AC%C2%B7%E8%B2%9D%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩拉·約瑟芬·貝克（页面不存在）">薩拉·約瑟芬·貝克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sara_Josephine_Baker" class="extiw" title="en:Sara Josephine Baker"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sara Josephine Baker</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E8%8E%89%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E9%BE%8D" title="瑪莉·馬龍">傷寒瑪莉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B3%E5%A5%B3%E9%83%8E" title="鐳女郎">鐳女郎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="疾病的細菌理論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Germ theory of disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%9A%84%E7%B4%B0%E8%8F%8C%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="疾病的細菌理論（页面不存在）">疾病的細菌理論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ_theory_of_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Germ theory of disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Germ theory of disease</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社會衛生運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social hygiene movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社會衛生運動（页面不存在）">社會衛生運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_hygiene_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Social hygiene movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social hygiene movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> 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