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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaequipatges" title="Portaequipatges – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Portaequipatges" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autogep%C3%A4cktr%C3%A4ger" title="Autogepäckträger – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Autogepäckträger" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaequipajes" title="Portaequipajes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Portaequipajes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Fixingaroofrack.jpg/220px-Fixingaroofrack.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Fixingaroofrack.jpg/330px-Fixingaroofrack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Fixingaroofrack.jpg/440px-Fixingaroofrack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1039" data-file-height="473" /></a><figcaption>Fixing a roof rack to a motor car</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1966_Ambassador_990_wagon_aztp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1966_Ambassador_990_wagon_aztp.jpg/220px-1966_Ambassador_990_wagon_aztp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1966_Ambassador_990_wagon_aztp.jpg/330px-1966_Ambassador_990_wagon_aztp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1966_Ambassador_990_wagon_aztp.jpg/440px-1966_Ambassador_990_wagon_aztp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Factory-installed roof rack on a <a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%2713_Porsche_Panamera_(MIAS_%2713).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%2713_Porsche_Panamera_%28MIAS_%2713%29.jpg/220px-%2713_Porsche_Panamera_%28MIAS_%2713%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%2713_Porsche_Panamera_%28MIAS_%2713%29.jpg/330px-%2713_Porsche_Panamera_%28MIAS_%2713%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/%2713_Porsche_Panamera_%28MIAS_%2713%29.jpg/440px-%2713_Porsche_Panamera_%28MIAS_%2713%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1057" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>Two bicycles on a removable roof rack (<a href="/wiki/Bicycle_carrier" title="Bicycle carrier">bicycle carrier</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mercedes-Benz_E_500_T_with_roofbox_IAA_2009.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mercedes-Benz_E_500_T_with_roofbox_IAA_2009.JPG/220px-Mercedes-Benz_E_500_T_with_roofbox_IAA_2009.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mercedes-Benz_E_500_T_with_roofbox_IAA_2009.JPG/330px-Mercedes-Benz_E_500_T_with_roofbox_IAA_2009.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mercedes-Benz_E_500_T_with_roofbox_IAA_2009.JPG/440px-Mercedes-Benz_E_500_T_with_roofbox_IAA_2009.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3138" data-file-height="2092" /></a><figcaption>Enclosed car top carrier attached to a factory-installed roof rail</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Surf_rack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Specialized Racks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Surf_rack.jpg/220px-Surf_rack.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Surf_rack.jpg/330px-Surf_rack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Surf_rack.jpg/440px-Surf_rack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="733" /></a><figcaption>Specialized Racks over a pickup bed</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>roof rack</b> is a set of bars secured to the <a href="/wiki/Automobile_roof" title="Automobile roof">roof</a> of an <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is used to carry bulky items such as <a href="/wiki/Luggage" class="mw-redirect" title="Luggage">luggage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">canoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">kayaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ski" title="Ski">skis</a>, or various carriers and containers.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They allow users of an automobile to transport objects on the roof of the vehicle without reducing interior space for occupants or the cargo area volume limits, such as in the typical car's <a href="/wiki/Trunk_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trunk (automobile)">trunk</a> design. These include car top weatherproof containers; some are designed for specific cargo such as skis or luggage. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roof_rack&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a long history of the use of roof racks and their designs. </p><p>Until the late 1970s, almost all regular passenger automobiles had <a href="/w/index.php?title=Car_rain_gutters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Car rain gutters (page does not exist)">rain gutters</a>. These gutters are formed by the <a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">welded</a> flange (raised rim or lip) on the left and right sides of the car's metal roof panel.<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This made attaching an accessory or aftermarket roof rack a relatively simple process.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/Mass_production" title="Mass production">mass production</a> cars without any visible rain gutters were the 1975 <a href="/wiki/AMC_Pacer" title="AMC Pacer">AMC Pacer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Monza" title="Chevrolet Monza">Chevrolet Monza</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Autocar_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Autocar-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other vehicles were introduced on the market with hidden rain gutters during the 1980s, and by 1990, cars with external rain gutters were becoming rare. </p><p>Roof rack suppliers developed new products designed to attach to various types of automobile roofs securely. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roof_rack&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most common components of a roof rack system are towers, fitting pieces (for attaching towers to a specific vehicle), crossbars, and gear mounts. </p><p>Automobile roof racks are split into different types, depending on the vehicle roof: </p> <ul><li>Rain Gutter - older roof racks were usually mounted directly to the gutter surrounding the roof line.</li> <li>Bare Roof - many modern vehicles that do not have gutters can have a roof rack installed by attaching hooks to the top of the door frames.</li> <li>Fixed Point - some automobiles have fittings for proprietary racks that mate with reinforced roof lugs or have pre-threaded screwholes.</li> <li>Side Rails - vehicles with factory-installed rails, which may be flush against the roof or raised off of the top, running front-to-back on the roof</li> <li>Factory Bars - other vehicles have a factory-installed permanent roof rack.</li></ul> <p>There are many factors in the selection and use of roof racks. Some of these include their weight and strength, the profile for loading and unloading, and any available accessories.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roof racks increase air resistance and in the US, roof racks increased overall <a href="/wiki/Fuel_consumption" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel consumption">fuel consumption</a> by approximately 1%.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to greater wind resistance, roof racks may increase wind noise on the highway. Mounting the roof rack backward may reduce air resistance.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some bars are designed with a lower drag coefficient or have a wind deflector at the front to reduce this problem. </p><p>When installing roof racks, it is essential to load the bars properly per the owner's manual. When driving on the road, one needs to load the allowed weight minus the weight of the roof rack kit. If one plans to use the roof racks for off-road driving, the allowed weight should be divided by 2, and this will be the maximum amount to be carried on the roof racks in such driving conditions. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Truck_bed_rack" title="Truck bed rack">truck bed rack</a> is a derivation of a roof rack designed to be installed over the <a href="/wiki/Tonneau" title="Tonneau">bed</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">pickup truck</a>. The construction of a bed rack features tall tubes (legs) that allow the rack platform to be higher above the bed surface and leave space for cargo inside the bed. Pickup truck racks form an extended cargo platform that allows transportation of oversized items. They are used in construction and recreation as a base for various work, sports, and recreational gear such as ladders, surfboards, tents, etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roof_rack&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_auto_parts" title="List of auto parts">List of auto parts</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roof_rack&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/roof-rack?s=ts">"Definition of roof-rack"</a>. <i>dictionary.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dictionary.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+roof-rack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Froof-rack%3Fs%3Dts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoof+rack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/roof%20rack">"Definition of roof rack"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+roof+rack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Froof%2520rack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoof+rack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Autocar-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Autocar_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSturmeyWalter_Staner1978" class="citation magazine cs1">Sturmey, Henry; Walter Staner, H. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Autocar&rft.atitle=Mitsubishi+Mirage&rft.volume=178&rft.pages=138&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Sturmey&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.au=Walter+Staner%2C+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVj1WAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dinfluenced%2Bby%2Bthe%2BChevrolet%2BMonza%2Band%2BAMC%2BPacer%2C%2Bis%2Bneat%2BThe%2Bgutter%2Bis%2Bformed%2Bby%2Bthe%2Bflanges%2Bof%2Bthe%2Broof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoof+rack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zjFIAAAAYAAJ&q=carriers+are+secured+to+vehicle+by+fattening+them+under+either+the+vehicle's+welded+rain+gutter"><i>Sears Catalog</i></a>. 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325–333. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2016.02.031">10.1016/j.enpol.2016.02.031</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Fuel+consumption+impacts+of+auto+roof+racks&rft.volume=92&rft.pages=325-333&rft.date=2016-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.enpol.2016.02.031&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Yuche&rft.au=Meier%2C+Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.enpol.2016.02.031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoof+rack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite 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style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_frame" title="Vehicle frame">Framework</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backbone_chassis" title="Backbone chassis">Backbone chassis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beltline_(automotive)" title="Beltline (automotive)">Beltline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body-on-frame" title="Body-on-frame">Body-on-frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bumper_(car)" title="Bumper (car)">Bumper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagmar_bumper" title="Dagmar bumper">Dagmar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrio_coach" title="Cabrio coach">Cabrio coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chassis" title="Chassis">Chassis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_tire" title="Continental tire">Continental tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crumple_zone" title="Crumple zone">Crumple zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fender_(vehicle)" title="Fender (vehicle)">Fender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ponton_(car)" title="Ponton (car)">ponton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fender_skirts" title="Fender skirts">skirts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grille_(car)" title="Grille (car)">Grille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_(car)" title="Hood (car)">Hood</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hood_scoop" title="Hood scoop">scoop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaker_scoop" title="Shaker scoop">shaker</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monocoque" title="Monocoque">Monocoque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhang_(vehicles)" title="Overhang (vehicles)">Overhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillar_(car)" title="Pillar (car)">Pillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_platform" title="Car platform">Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarter_panel" title="Quarter panel">Quarter panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobile_roof" title="Automobile roof">Roof</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">rack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoiler_(car)" title="Spoiler (car)">Spoiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stressed_member_engine" title="Stressed member engine">Stressed member engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subframe" title="Subframe">Subframe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonneau" title="Tonneau">Tonneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trunk_lid" class="mw-redirect" title="Trunk lid">Trunk lid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;">Compartments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hood_(car)" title="Hood (car)">Hood/bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trunk_(car)" title="Trunk (car)">Trunk/boot/dickie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Car_door" title="Car door">Doors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butterfly_doors" title="Butterfly doors">Butterfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_canopy" title="Vehicle canopy">Canopy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gull-wing_door" title="Gull-wing door">Gull-wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissor_doors" title="Scissor doors">Scissor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sliding_door_(car)" title="Sliding door (car)">Sliding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_door" title="Suicide door">Suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_doors" title="Swan doors">Swan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_glass" title="Vehicle glass">Glass</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glass_run_channel" title="Glass run channel">Glass run channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_(car)" title="Greenhouse (car)">Greenhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_window" title="Opera window">Opera window</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_window" title="Power window">Power window</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarter_glass" title="Quarter glass">Quarter glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunroof" title="Sunroof">Sunroof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windshield" title="Windshield">Windshield/windscreen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windshield_washer_fluid" title="Windshield washer fluid">washer fluid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windscreen_wiper" title="Windscreen wiper">wiper</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;">Other elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bumper_sticker" title="Bumper sticker">Bumper sticker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curb_feeler" title="Curb feeler">Curb feeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front-end_bra" title="Front-end bra">Front-end bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_ornament" title="Hood ornament">Hood ornament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vehicle_instruments" title="List of vehicle instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_black" title="Japan black">Japan black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerf_bar" title="Nerf bar">Nerf bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omniview_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Omniview technology">Omniview technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_auto_parts" title="List of auto parts">Parts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">Tire/tyre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Run-flat_tire" title="Run-flat tire">run-flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spare_tire" title="Spare tire">spare</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;">Geometry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Approach_and_departure_angles" title="Approach and departure angles">Approach and departure angles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakover_angle" title="Breakover angle">Breakover angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overhang_(vehicles)" title="Overhang (vehicles)">Overhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ride_height" title="Ride height">Ride height</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_center" title="Roll center">Roll center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_radius" title="Turning radius">Turning radius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weight_distribution" title="Weight distribution">Weight distribution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Exterior<br />equipment</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_lighting" title="Automotive lighting">Lighting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automotive_light_bulb_types" title="List of automotive light bulb types">Automotive light bulb types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daytime_running_lamp" title="Daytime running lamp">Daytime running lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headlamp" title="Headlamp">Headlamp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_headlamp" title="Hidden headlamp">hidden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-intensity_discharge_lamp" title="High-intensity discharge lamp">high-intensity discharge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabolic_aluminized_reflector" title="Parabolic aluminized reflector">sealed beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafficators" title="Trafficators">trafficators</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;">Other elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_horn" title="Vehicle horn">Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side-view_mirror" title="Side-view mirror">Side-view mirror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Power_side-view_mirror" title="Power side-view mirror">power</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tow_hitch" title="Tow hitch">Tow hitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Window_deflector" title="Window deflector">Window deflector</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em;font-weight:normal;">Legal</th><td 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