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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Sarpam_Thullal" title="Special:EditPage/Sarpam Thullal">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sarpam+Thullal%22">"Sarpam Thullal"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sarpam+Thullal%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Sarpam+Thullal%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sarpam+Thullal%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sarpam+Thullal%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sarpam+Thullal%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sarpam Thullal</b> (Dance of Snakes) or Nagakalam Pattu, is a unique form of mystical ritual associated generally with ancestral temples or tharavadus predominantly in Valluvanadu region in state of Kerala. From ancient times many family houses in Kerala have special snake shrines called Kavu or Pambin Kavu where this exotic and spectacular ritual performance is associated to, it is generally conducted to appease the snake gods and thereby to bring prosperity to the family.<sup id="cite_ref-Sarpa_Kalam_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sarpa_Kalam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarpam_Thullal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snakes and Snake worship, primarily the <a href="/wiki/Cobra" title="Cobra">cobra</a> and associated sub species of snakes have been revered from ancient times all over India. Snakes are mentioned in Vedic books or they are depicted in religious epics like <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu Purana</a>. Hindu Gods like <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> have been associated with snakes. According to Hindu mythology, Lord Vishnu takes rest under the shade of the giant snake, <a href="/wiki/Adisesha" class="mw-redirect" title="Adisesha">Adisesha</a>. Lord Shiva wears a snake <a href="/wiki/Vasuki_(snake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasuki (snake)">vasuki</a> around his neck. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nair" title="Nair">Nairs</a> of Kerala claim to be <a href="/wiki/Kshatriyas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kshatriyas">Kshatriyas</a> of <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81ga" title="Nāga">Nagavanshi</a> descent, thus maybe snake worship was popularized and brought to wider practise by them. Mostly, snakes were seen as a symbol of fertility. Elsewhere in India, snakes are worshiped on <a href="/wiki/Nag_Panchami" class="mw-redirect" title="Nag Panchami">Nag Panchami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagaradhane" title="Nagaradhane">Nagaradhane</a> and Aashleshabali. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ritual">Ritual</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarpam_Thullal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ritual"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sarpam thullal is generally held to appease snake gods for prosperity of the family or to give an offspring to the couples who may have difficulties in conceiving a child. People generally take a vow is also associated with the ritual and Sarpam Thullal is done after the fulfillment or accomplishment of the vow. But in most of the scenarios Sarpam Thullal is done to ward off any doshas<span class="cleanup-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">Dosha means fault or obstacles in one's destiny or horoscope as per Indian Astrology</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="throwing light on meaning of dosha (September 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> of the family and bring peace and prosperity. </p><p>The temple astrologer is the one who normally initiates the process or in certain places it is held as an annual or regular practice. Once the date is finalized by the family, the associated Pulluvan family with the temple is informed. It is the Pulluvan and Pulluvathy and their assistants who hold the skills and responsibility of creating the aesthetic requirements for the Sarpam Thullal. </p><p>They create a pandal<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and decorate it. The selection of the girls who will later become the mediums or manifestations of Snake Gods is done by the family. Generally two girls/females are supposed to sit in the kalam<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> but certain places it is six. In modern times in many places females between the ages of 10 and 60 are not allowed and is generally performed by girls who have not reached puberty. Typically the karnavar<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> of the family or an elderly person will be the one who oversees the function and grands his blessing to the function. </p><p>The pulluvan and his team create a floral decoration using various natural colors on specially made floor before the snake idols. The floral decoration is called Nagakalam. Nagakalams are of various types such as Bhasma Kalam (A Kalam which is made of just ash powder) and Varna Podi Kalam (A Kalam which is made up of colour powder). The <span title="Hindi-language romanization"><i lang="hi-Latn">kanyas</i></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> wear Pavada and blouse. </p><p>Once the pulluvan and his team is done with decorations and other preparations the <span title="Hindi-language romanization"><i lang="hi-Latn">kanyas</i></span> are called to the venue. They normally sit in the kalam or besides the kalam. In certain places where there are more than two <span title="Hindi-language romanization"><i lang="hi-Latn">kanyas</i></span>, they stand besides the kalam. Nagarajavu generally stands inside the kalam. <span title="Hindi-language romanization"><i lang="hi-Latn">Kanyas</i></span> are given pokulas or arecanut flowers. The pulluvan starts singing and playing the veena and the pulluvathy sings along and plays the kudam. The initial lines are generally sung in praise of <a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a>, followed by other gods. Then the <a href="/wiki/Tala_(music)" title="Tala (music)">Tala</a> or beat changes along with the song. Later part is dedicated to Serpent gods and the kanyas sitting in the kalam. The <span title="Hindi-language romanization"><i lang="hi-Latn">kanyas</i></span> generally starts to get into a trance like state within 20–30 minutes and it is reported that they feels that the snake which is drawn on the floor has come alive. Some of them have experienced vibrations all over their body and they feel their body is resonating towards the vibrations. The girls are generally not given any training to dance and in many cases it might be the first time they are watching the ritual. They move towards the vibration . They swing their hair and rub the powder of the kalam (the divine solace created). So the induced trance state is highly revered as girls are generally supposed be too young to perform any sophisticated acting to make the onlookers believe in the ritual. </p><p>The ritual has strong parallels to the function of an Oracle and generally speaks to the onlookers after entering into the trance state and informs them on the behalf of the snake gods. It can be sees that the <span title="Hindi-language romanization"><i lang="hi-Latn">kanyas</i></span> does not speak the normal day-to-day language while in the trance state adding on to the mystery.<sup id="cite_ref-Snake_Dance_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snake_Dance-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarpam_Thullal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Sarpa_Kalam-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sarpa_Kalam_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.keralatourism.org/video-clips/sarpam-thullal/118">"Sarpam Thullal"</a>. Kerala Government<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sarpam+Thullal&rft.pub=Kerala+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.keralatourism.org%2Fvideo-clips%2Fsarpam-thullal%2F118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarpam+Thullal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Snake_Dance-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Snake_Dance_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nayana1.com/hub/SARPAM-THULLAL-THE-SPECTACULAR-SNAKE-DANCE-OF-KERALA">"Sarpam Thullal – The Spectacular Snake Dance of Kerala"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sarpam+Thullal+%E2%80%93+The+Spectacular+Snake+Dance+of+Kerala&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnayana1.com%2Fhub%2FSARPAM-THULLAL-THE-SPECTACULAR-SNAKE-DANCE-OF-KERALA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASarpam+Thullal" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="mw-redirect" title="Nangiar Koothu">Nangiar Koothu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottamthullal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottamthullal">Ottamthullal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parayan_thullal" class="mw-redirect" title="Parayan thullal">Parayan thullal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheethankan_Thullal" title="Sheethankan Thullal">Sheethankan Thullal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kshetram_vadyam" title="Kshetram vadyam">Kshetram vadyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzhal_Pattu" title="Kuzhal Pattu">Kuzhal Pattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mappila_Paattu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mappila Paattu">Mappila Paattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchari_melam" title="Panchari melam">Panchari melam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchavadyam" title="Panchavadyam">Panchavadyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandi_Melam" title="Pandi Melam">Pandi Melam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parisha_Vadyam" title="Parisha Vadyam">Parisha Vadyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulluvan_Paattu" title="Pulluvan Paattu">Pulluvan Paattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopanam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sopanam">Sopanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thayambaka" title="Thayambaka">Thayambaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aravana" class="mw-redirect" title="Aravana">Arabana muttu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charadupinnikkali" title="Charadupinnikkali">Charadupinnikkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chavittu_Nadakam" title="Chavittu Nadakam">Chavittu Nadakam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chozhikali" title="Chozhikali">Chozhikali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duff_Muttu" class="mw-redirect" title="Duff Muttu">Duff Muttu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eruthukali" title="Eruthukali">Eruthukali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadhika" title="Gadhika">Gadhika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garudan_Thookkam" title="Garudan Thookkam">Garudan Thookkam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolam_Thullal" title="Kolam Thullal">Kolam Thullal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkali" title="Kolkali">Kolkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothammuriyattam" title="Kothammuriyattam">Kothammuriyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kummattikali" title="Kummattikali">Kummattikali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuthiyottam" title="Kuthiyottam">Kuthiyottam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malapulayattam" title="Malapulayattam">Malapulayattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malavazhiyattam" title="Malavazhiyattam">Malavazhiyattam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malayikuthu" title="Malayikuthu">Malayikuthu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangalamkali" title="Mangalamkali">Mangalamkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marathukali" class="mw-redirect" title="Marathukali">Marathukali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margam_Kali" class="mw-redirect" title="Margam Kali">Margam Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudiyett" title="Mudiyett">Mudiyett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayadikali" title="Nayadikali">Nayadikali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppana" title="Oppana">Oppana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padayani" title="Padayani">Padayani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parichamuttukali" title="Parichamuttukali">Parichamuttukali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poorakkali" title="Poorakkali">Poorakkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poothan" class="mw-redirect" title="Poothan">Poothan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poothamkali" title="Poothamkali">Poothamkali</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sarpam Thullal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slama_Carol" title="Slama Carol">Slamakali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thacholikali" title="Thacholikali">Thacholikali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theyyam" title="Theyyam">Theyyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theyyannam" title="Theyyannam">Theyyannam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiriyuzhichil" title="Thiriyuzhichil">Thiriyuzhichil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiyyattu" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiyyattu">Thiyyattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tholpavakoothu" title="Tholpavakoothu">Tholpavakoothu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fine arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_mural_painting" title="Kerala mural painting">Kerala mural painting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aanayoottu" title="Aanayoottu">Aanayoottu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaraattu" title="Aaraattu">Aaraattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aluva_Sivarathri_festival" title="Aluva Sivarathri festival">Aluva Sivarathri festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arattupuzha_Pooram" title="Arattupuzha Pooram">Arattupuzha Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edakkunni_Uthram_Vilakku" title="Edakkunni Uthram Vilakku">Edakkunni Uthram Vilakku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandharvanpattu" title="Gandharvanpattu">Gandharvanpattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilanjithara_Melam" title="Ilanjithara Melam">Ilanjithara Melam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadavallur_Anyonyam" title="Kadavallur Anyonyam">Kadavallur Anyonyam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanyarkali" title="Kanyarkali">Kanyarkali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karivela" title="Karivela">Karivela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keralotsavam" title="Keralotsavam">Keralotsavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollam_Pooram" title="Kollam Pooram">Kollam Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottakkal_pooram" title="Kottakkal pooram">Kottakkal pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kottankulangara_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Kottankulangara Festival">Kottankulangara Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machad_Mamangam" title="Machad Mamangam">Machad Mamangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makaravilakku" title="Makaravilakku">Makaravilakku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalukulangara_Pooram" title="Nalukulangara Pooram">Nalukulangara Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpathi_Ratholsavam" title="Kalpathi Ratholsavam">Kalpathi Ratholsavam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenmara_Vallanghy_Vela" title="Nenmara Vallanghy Vela">Nenmara Vallanghy Vela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onathallu_or_Avittathallu" class="mw-redirect" title="Onathallu or Avittathallu">Onathallu or Avittathallu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvanam_Pooram" title="Peruvanam Pooram">Peruvanam Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puli_Kali" title="Puli Kali">Puli Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattamangalam_Kuthira_Vela" title="Tattamangalam Kuthira Vela">Tattamangalam Kuthira Vela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirumandhamkunnu_Pooram" title="Thirumandhamkunnu Pooram">Thirumandhamkunnu Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiruvathira" title="Thiruvathira">Thiruvathira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrissur_Pooram" title="Thrissur Pooram">Thrissur Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uthralikavu_Pooram" title="Uthralikavu Pooram">Uthralikavu Pooram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishu" title="Vishu">Vishu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velakali" title="Velakali">Velakali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musical 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