CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"9e3e9783-09df-440c-abba-17c5a3ac20bf","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson","wgTitle":"First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson","wgCurRevisionId":1253136088,"wgRevisionId":1253136088,"wgArticleId":67821046,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: location missing publisher","CS1 errors: periodical ignored","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Congressional Research Service","Articles with short description","Short description with empty Wikidata description","Impeachment of Andrew Johnson","1867 in the United States","Presidential impeachment inquiries in the United States","39th United States Congress"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson","wgRelevantArticleId":67821046,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false, "wgWikibaseItemId":"Q111442450","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson rootpage-First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=First+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=First+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=First+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=First+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Background </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-House_passage_of_the_resolution_authorizing_the_inquiry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House_passage_of_the_resolution_authorizing_the_inquiry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 House passage of the resolution authorizing the inquiry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-House_passage_of_the_resolution_authorizing_the_inquiry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inquiry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inquiry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Inquiry </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Inquiry-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Inquiry subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Inquiry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Members_of_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary_during_the_inquiry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Members_of_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary_during_the_inquiry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Members of House Committee on the Judiciary during the inquiry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Members_of_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary_during_the_inquiry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-39th_Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#39th_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 39th Congress </div> </a> <ul id="toc-39th_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-40th_Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#40th_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 40th Congress </div> </a> <ul id="toc-40th_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Initial_investigation_during_the_39th_Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_investigation_during_the_39th_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Initial investigation during the 39th Congress </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_investigation_during_the_39th_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-40th_Congress'_renewal_of_the_inquiry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#40th_Congress'_renewal_of_the_inquiry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 40th Congress' renewal of the inquiry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-40th_Congress'_renewal_of_the_inquiry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Continued_investigation_in_the_40th_Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Continued_investigation_in_the_40th_Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Continued investigation in the 40th Congress </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Continued_investigation_in_the_40th_Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judiciary_Committee_vote_against_impeachment_(June_1867)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judiciary_Committee_vote_against_impeachment_(June_1867)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Judiciary Committee vote against impeachment (June 1867) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judiciary_Committee_vote_against_impeachment_(June_1867)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inquiry_resumed,_Johnson_antagonizes_Republicans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inquiry_resumed,_Johnson_antagonizes_Republicans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Inquiry resumed, Johnson antagonizes Republicans </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inquiry_resumed,_Johnson_antagonizes_Republicans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judiciary_Committee_vote_in_favor_of_impeachment_(November_1867)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judiciary_Committee_vote_in_favor_of_impeachment_(November_1867)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Judiciary Committee vote in favor of impeachment (November 1867) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judiciary_Committee_vote_in_favor_of_impeachment_(November_1867)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committee_reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committee_reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Committee reports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committee_reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Majority_report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Majority_report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8.1 Majority report </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Majority_report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minority_reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minority_reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8.2 Minority reports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minority_reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reporting_of_the_impeachment_resolution,_majority_and_minority_reports,_and_testimony_to_the_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reporting_of_the_impeachment_resolution,_majority_and_minority_reports,_and_testimony_to_the_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Reporting of the impeachment resolution, majority and minority reports, and testimony to the House </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reporting_of_the_impeachment_resolution,_majority_and_minority_reports,_and_testimony_to_the_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-House_defeat_of_the_impeachment_resolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House_defeat_of_the_impeachment_resolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 House defeat of the impeachment resolution </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-House_defeat_of_the_impeachment_resolution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle House defeat of the impeachment resolution subsection </button> <ul id="toc-House_defeat_of_the_impeachment_resolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-George_S._Boutwell's_argument_in_support_of_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#George_S._Boutwell's_argument_in_support_of_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 George S. Boutwell's argument in support of impeachment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-George_S._Boutwell's_argument_in_support_of_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-James_F._Wilson's_argument_against_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#James_F._Wilson's_argument_against_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 James F. Wilson's argument against impeachment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-James_F._Wilson's_argument_against_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-House_vote_on_the_impeachment_resolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House_vote_on_the_impeachment_resolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 House vote on the impeachment resolution </div> </a> <ul id="toc-House_vote_on_the_impeachment_resolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Aftermath </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Aftermath subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Impeachment_of_Johnson_in_1868" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impeachment_of_Johnson_in_1868"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Impeachment of Johnson in 1868 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impeachment_of_Johnson_in_1868-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 1 language" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" > 1 language </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%B6%D8%AF_%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="تحقيقات العزل الأول ضد آندرو جونسون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تحقيقات العزل الأول ضد آندرو جونسون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q111442450#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&oldid=1253136088" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&id=1253136088&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFirst_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFirst_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:First_impeachment_inquiry_against_Andrew_Johnson" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:First_impeachment_inquiry_against_Andrew_Johnson" hreflang="en">Wikisource</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q111442450" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary">First impeachment inquiry against Andrew Johnson</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Accused</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a>, 17th President of the United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Committee</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">Judiciary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Committee chair</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">January 7 – November 25, 1867 (10 months, 2 weeks and 5 days)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Outcome</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment inquiry in the United States">Impeachment inquiry</a> completed; Judiciary Committee recommended impeachment; recommendation rejected by full House vote</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Charges</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_crimes_and_misdemeanors" title="High crimes and misdemeanors">High crimes and misdemeanors</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#EFEFEF;">Congressional votes</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#EFEFEF;">House vote authorizing the inquiry</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes in favor</th><td class="infobox-data">108</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes against</th><td class="infobox-data">39</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Result</th><td class="infobox-data">Approved</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#EFEFEF;">First vote by the House Judiciary Committee an impeachment resolution</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes in favor</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes against</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Result</th><td class="infobox-data">Rejected</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#EFEFEF;">Final vote by the House Judiciary Committee on the impeachment resolution</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes in favor</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes against</th><td class="infobox-data">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Result</th><td class="infobox-data">Approved</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#EFEFEF;">Subsequent House vote on the impeachment resolution</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes in favor</th><td class="infobox-data">57</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Votes against</th><td class="infobox-data">108</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Result</th><td class="infobox-data">Rejected</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157919884">.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person{border:4px double #d69d36}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-title{font-size:110%;padding:0;line-height:150%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title-image{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:5px}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title>div{font-size:88%;line-height:normal}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-content{padding:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-navbar{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><table class="sidebar nomobile sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: #d69d36"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color: #002466;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Johnson_photo_portrait_face,_c1870-1880-Edit1_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Andrew_Johnson_photo_portrait_face%2C_c1870-1880-Edit1_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Andrew_Johnson_photo_portrait_face%2C_c1870-1880-Edit1_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Andrew_Johnson_photo_portrait_face%2C_c1870-1880-Edit1_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Andrew_Johnson_photo_portrait_face%2C_c1870-1880-Edit1_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Andrew_Johnson_photo_portrait_face%2C_c1870-1880-Edit1_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Andrew_Johnson_photo_portrait_face%2C_c1870-1880-Edit1_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1594" data-file-height="1641" /></a></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color: #002466;color: #FFF;"><div>This article is part of a series about</div><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Personal</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson#Early_life_and_career" title="Andrew Johnson">Early life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_and_slavery" title="Andrew Johnson and slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson#Historical_reputation_and_legacy" title="Andrew Johnson">Legacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Bibliography of Andrew Johnson">Bibliography</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">15th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Governor of Tennessee</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson#Governor_of_Tennessee_(1853–1857)" title="Andrew Johnson">Governorship</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">16th Vice President of the United States</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson#Vice_presidency_(1865)" title="Andrew Johnson">Vice presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson%27s_drunk_vice-presidential_inaugural_address" title="Andrew Johnson's drunk vice-presidential inaugural address">Drunk V.P. inaugural address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Assassination of Abraham Lincoln">Assassination of Abraham Lincoln</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">17th President of the United States</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Inauguration of Andrew Johnson">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_U.S._foreign_policy,_1861%E2%80%931897#Johnson_administration,_1865–1869" title="History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson#Administration" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">Cabinet appointment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Andrew_Johnson" title="List of federal judges appointed by Andrew Johnson">Judicial appointment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conclusion_of_the_American_Civil_War" title="Conclusion of the American Civil War">Conclusion of Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Acts" title="Reconstruction Acts">Reconstruction Acts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1866" title="Civil Rights Act of 1866">Civil Rights Act (1866)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_Around_the_Circle" title="Swing Around the Circle">Swing Around the Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">First inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">Second inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_impeachment_managers_investigation" title="1868 impeachment managers investigation">Managers investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Andrew_Johnson" title="Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson">Efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Timeline of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment_adopted_against_Andrew_Johnson" title="Articles of impeachment adopted against Andrew Johnson">Articles of impeachment</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Vice presidential and Presidential campaigns</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li>1864 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864_National_Union_National_Convention" title="1864 National Union National Convention">National Union national convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li> <li>1868 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1868_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1868 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Post-presidency</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson#Post-presidency_and_return_to_Senate_(1869–1875)" title="Andrew Johnson">Return to Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson#Death" title="Andrew Johnson">Death</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_National_Cemetery" title="Andrew Johnson National Cemetery">Cemetery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_National_Historic_Site" title="Andrew Johnson National Historic Site">Historic Site</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Family</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_McCardle_Johnson" title="Eliza McCardle Johnson">Eliza McCardle Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Johnson_Patterson" title="Martha Johnson Patterson">Martha Johnson Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Johnson_(Tennessee)" title="Charles Johnson (Tennessee)">Charles Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Johnson_Stover" title="Mary Johnson Stover">Mary Johnson Stover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Johnson_(Tennessee)" title="Robert Johnson (Tennessee)">Robert Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_Jr." title="Andrew Johnson Jr.">Frank Johnson</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="skin-invert-image"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson's signature"><img alt="Andrew Johnson's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Andrew_Johnson_Signature.svg/150px-Andrew_Johnson_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Andrew_Johnson_Signature.svg/225px-Andrew_Johnson_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Andrew_Johnson_Signature.svg/300px-Andrew_Johnson_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="84" /></a></div> <img alt="Seal of the President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Andrew_Johnson_series" title="Template:Andrew Johnson series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Andrew_Johnson_series" title="Template talk:Andrew Johnson series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Andrew_Johnson_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Andrew Johnson series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The first <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment inquiry in the United States">impeachment inquiry</a> against Andrew Johnson was launched by a vote of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> on January 7, 1867, to investigate the potential <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">impeachment</a> of the President of the United States, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a>. It was run by the <a href="/wiki/House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" class="mw-redirect" title="House Committee on the Judiciary">House Committee on the Judiciary</a>. The vote authorizing the inquiry was viewed as giving Republicans an opportunity to register their disdain for Johnson without formally impeaching him. Most congressmen had expected that the sentiments in House Committee on the Judiciary would side against impeachment. However, surprising many, the committee voted 5–4 on November 25, 1867, to recommend impeachment (after having held a preliminary vote against it months prior). Despite this recommendation, the House voted 57–108 on December 7, 1867, against impeaching Johnson, with more Republicans voting against impeachment than for it. This impeachment inquiry preceded the <a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson</a> (launched in January 1868), which played a role in the lead-up to <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Johnson's impeachment</a> on February 24, 1868. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Andrew_Johnson" title="Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson">Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson</a></div> Some <a href="/wiki/Radical_Republicans" title="Radical Republicans">Radical Republicans</a> had entertained the thought of impeaching President <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> since as early as 1866.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> However, the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> was divided on the prospect of impeachment, with moderates in the party, who held a plurality, widely opposing it at this point.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> The radicals were more in favor of impeachment, as their plans for strong reform in <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">reconstruction</a> were greatly imperiled by Johnson.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> Among of the first Radical Republicans to explore impeachment was House Territories Committee chairman <a href="/wiki/James_Mitchell_Ashley" title="James Mitchell Ashley">James Mitchell Ashley</a>. Ashley was convinced of a baseless <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">conspiracy theory</a> that faulted Johnson for involvement in conspiring in the assassination of Lincoln. Thus, Ashley had strong personal motivation for wanting to remove Johnson from office.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> Ashley quietly began researching impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> Federal impeachment was rare in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> Several attempts were made by Radical Republicans to initiate impeachment, but these were successfully rebuffed by <a href="/wiki/Moderate_Republicans_(Reconstruction_era)" title="Moderate Republicans (Reconstruction era)">moderate Republicans</a> in party leadership.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> After the December 1866 meeting of the House Republican caucus, in an effort to block any further efforts to impeach Johnson, the moderate Republicans leading the party's caucus passed a rule for the Republican caucus which required that both a majority of House Republicans and a majority of members on the <a href="/wiki/House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" class="mw-redirect" title="House Committee on the Judiciary">House Committee on the Judiciary</a> would be required to approve any measure regarding impeachment in party caucus prior to it being considered in the House.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Benedict-3">[3]</a> Radical Republicans continued to seek Johnson's impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> They disobeyed the rule put in place for the Republican caucus.<a href="#cite_note-Benedict-3">[3]</a> Radicals proposed a number of impeachment resolutions, which the moderate Republicans often stifled by referring to committees.<a href="#cite_note-Benedict-3">[3]</a> By the start of the year 1867, on a daily basis, Congress was receiving <a href="/wiki/Petition" title="Petition">petitions</a> demanding the removal of Johnson. These petitions came primarily from the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwestern states">midwestern states</a>. The petitions were the result of an organized campaign to demand Johnson's removal. The number of signatures on these petitions varied, as some had as few as three signatures, while other petitions had as many as three hundred signatures.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> By the December 1866 start of the <a href="/wiki/Lame-duck_session" title="Lame-duck session">lame-duck</a> third session of the <a href="/wiki/39th_United_States_Congress" title="39th United States Congress">39th Congress</a>, a number of Radical Republicans were demanding the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Select_or_special_committee_(United_States_Congress)" title="Select or special committee (United States Congress)">select committee</a> to investigate the prospect of impeaching Johnson, but this still faced resistance within the Republican Party caucus.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> On December 17, 1866, James Mitchell Ashley attempted to open a house impeachment inquiry, but his motion to suspend the rules to consider his resolution saw a vote of 88–49, which was short of the needed two-thirds majority to suspend the rules.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Nevertheless, Ashley agreed with <a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Stevens" title="Thaddeus Stevens">Thaddeus Stevens</a> to again bring an impeachment resolution before the full House.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="House_passage_of_the_resolution_authorizing_the_inquiry">House passage of the resolution authorizing the inquiry</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: House passage of the resolution authorizing the inquiry">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Mitchell_Ashley_-_Brady-Handy_(square).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/James_Mitchell_Ashley_-_Brady-Handy_%28square%29.jpg/220px-James_Mitchell_Ashley_-_Brady-Handy_%28square%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/James_Mitchell_Ashley_-_Brady-Handy_%28square%29.jpg/330px-James_Mitchell_Ashley_-_Brady-Handy_%28square%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/James_Mitchell_Ashley_-_Brady-Handy_%28square%29.jpg/440px-James_Mitchell_Ashley_-_Brady-Handy_%28square%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1131" data-file-height="1131" /></a><figcaption>The resolution authorizing the impeachment inquiry was authored by <a href="/wiki/James_Mitchell_Ashley" title="James Mitchell Ashley">James Mitchell Ashley</a></figcaption></figure> On January 7, 1867, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Loan" title="Benjamin F. Loan">Benjamin F. Loan</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_R._Kelso" title="John R. Kelso">John R. Kelso</a>, and James Mitchell Ashley each introduced three separate impeachment resolutions against Johnson. The House refused to hold debate or vote on either Loan or Kelso's resolutions.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> However, they did allow a vote on Ashley's impeachment-related resolution.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> Unlike the other two impeachment bills introduced that day (which would have outright impeached Johnson), Ashley's bill offered a specific outline of how an impeachment process would proceed, and it did not start with an immediate impeachment. Rather than going to a direct vote on impeaching the president, his resolution would instruct the Judiciary Committee to "inquire into the official conduct of Andrew Johnson", investigating what it called Johnson's "corruptly used" powers and "usurpation of power", including Johnson's political appointments, use of <a href="/wiki/Federal_pardons_in_the_United_States" title="Federal pardons in the United States">his pardon powers</a> (alluding to his <a href="/wiki/Pardons_for_ex-Confederates" title="Pardons for ex-Confederates">pardons for ex-Confederates</a>), <a href="/wiki/Veto_power_in_the_United_States" title="Veto power in the United States">vetoes</a> of legislation, selling of confiscated property, and alleged interference with elections.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-househistory1-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-CRS1998a-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> While it gave the general charge of "<a href="/wiki/High_crimes_and_misdemeanors" title="High crimes and misdemeanors">high crimes and misdemeanors</a>" and named numerous instances of alleged corruption, Ashley's resolution did not specify what the high crimes and misdemeanors Johnson had committed were.<a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a> The grievances listed in the resolution amounted largely to political grievances which Ashley had against Johnson.<a href="#cite_note-Stathis-9">[9]</a> The resolution read, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">I do impeach Andrew Johnson, Vice President and acting President of the United States, of high crimes and misdemeanors: I charge him with a usurpation of power and violation of law: In that he has corruptly used the appointing power; In that he has corruptly used the pardoning power; In that he has corruptly used the veto power; In that he has corruptly disposed of public property of the United States; In that he has corruptly interfered in elections, and committed acts which, in contemplation of the Constitution, are high crimes and misdemeanors: Therefore, Be it resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary be, and they are hereby, authorized to inquire into the official conduct of Andrew Johnson, Vice President of the United States, discharging the powers and duties of the office of President of the United States, and to report to this House, whether, in their opinion, the said Andrew Johnson, while in said office, has been guilty of acts which are designed or calculated to overthrow, subvert, or corrupt the Government of the United States, or any department or office thereof; and whether the said Andrew Johnson has been guilty of any act, or has conspired with others to do acts, which, in contemplation of the Constitution, are high crimes and misdemeanors, requiring the interposition of the constitutional power of this House; and that said committee have power to send for persons and papers, and to administer the customary oath to witnesses.<a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-journal111-112-10">[10]</a></blockquote> The resolution passed in the House 108–39.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-journal111-112-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-vote1-11">[11]</a> It was seen as offering Republicans a chance to register their displeasure with Johnson, without actually formally impeaching him.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> Many Republicans believed that, in the Judiciary Committee, any impeachment resolution would die a quiet death.<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> Of the 108 members of the House that voted in favor of the resolution, 1 was a Democrat, 99 were Republicans, and 7 were <a href="/wiki/Unconditional_Union_Party" title="Unconditional Union Party">Unconditional Unionists</a>, 1 was an <a href="/wiki/Independent_Republican_(United_States)" title="Independent Republican (United States)">independent Republican</a>. Of the 6 to vote against it, 25 were Democrats, 6 were Republicans, 3 were Unconditional Unionists, and 5 were <a href="/wiki/Unionist_politician_(American_Civil_War)" title="Unionist politician (American Civil War)">Unionists</a>.<a href="#cite_note-vote1-11">[11]</a> 44 members of congress were absent (14 Democrats, 28 Republicans, 2 and Unconditional Unionists). Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax</a> (a Republican) did not vote,<a href="#cite_note-vote1-11">[11]</a> as House rules do not require the speaker to vote during ordinary legislative proceedings, unless their vote would be decisive or if the vote is being cast by ballot.<a href="#cite_note-rule1-12">[12]</a> The official record shows Democrat <a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop_Chanler" title="John Winthrop Chanler">John Winthrop Chanler</a> as voting in favor of the resolution (thus, this article lists him as having voted as such).<a href="#cite_note-vote1-11">[11]</a> However, the <a href="/wiki/New-York_Tribune" title="New-York Tribune">New-York Tribune</a>, following the vote, strongly suspected that this was a clerical error.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9" style="background:#f5f5f5">Vote on the impeachment inquiry resolution<a href="#cite_note-journal111-112-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-vote1-11">[11]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th rowspan="2">January 7, 1867 </th> <th colspan="5">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Total votes </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th style="background:#b0ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th style="background:#ffb6b6;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Unconditional_Union_Party" title="Unconditional Union Party">Unconditional Union</a> </th> <th>Unionists </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Independent_Republican_(United_States)" title="Independent Republican (United States)">Independent Republican</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; background:#F5F5F5">Yea <img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/14px-Black_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/21px-Black_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/28px-Black_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td style="width: 7em;">1 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">99 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">7 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">1 </td> <td style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5">108 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; style=">Nay </td> <td style="width: 7em;">25 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">6 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">3 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">5 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="background:#F5F5F5">39 </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238864702">.mw-parser-output .bar-chart{margin:0.5em;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid #c0c0c0}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart caption{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th,.mw-parser-output .bar-chart td{padding:1px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th[scope="col"]:not(.bar-chart-label-type){width:15em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th[scope="row"]:not(.bar-chart-total){font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar{height:1.25em;width:40em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#cedff2;height:1.25em;margin:0 0 0 0;z-index:0}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-comment{font-size:90%;padding-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-numbers{position:relative;top:-1.4em;height:1.25em;padding:0 0 0 2em;z-index:10;width:40em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-caption{border-top:1px solid #aaa}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-center{margin:0.5em auto}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#74497e}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#74497e}}</style> <table class="bar-chart"> <caption>Comparative bar chart </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" class="bar-chart-label-type">Vote </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 25em">Vote total </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">"Yea" votes </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 25em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:25em;"></div>108</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">"Nay" votes </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 25em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:9em;"></div>39</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Absent/not voting </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 25em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:10.4em;"></div>45</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>Full list of votes<a href="#cite_note-vote1-11">[11]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>District </th> <th>Member </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 6th congressional district">Massachusetts 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Alley, John B."><a href="/wiki/John_B._Alley" title="John B. Alley">John B. Alley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 3rd congressional district">Iowa 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Allison, William B."><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">William B. Allison</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district">Massachusetts 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ames, Okes"><a href="/wiki/Oakes_Ames" title="Oakes Ames">Oakes Ames</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district">Pennsylvania 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Acona, Sydenham Elnathan"><a href="/wiki/Sydenham_Elnathan_Ancona" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydenham Elnathan Ancona">Sydenham Elnathan Ancona</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 9th congressional district">Missouri 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Anderson, George Washington"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Anderson" title="George Washington Anderson">George Washington Anderson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 6th congressional district">Tennessee 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Arnell, Samuel Mayes"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Mayes_Arnell" title="Samuel Mayes Arnell">Samuel Mayes Arnell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Nevada's at-large congressional district">Nevada at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ashley, Delos R."><a href="/wiki/Delos_R._Ashley" title="Delos R. Ashley">Delos R. Ashley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 10th congressional district">Ohio 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ashley, James Mitchell"><a href="/wiki/James_Mitchell_Ashley" title="James Mitchell Ashley">James Mitchell Ashley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 12th congressional district">Illinois 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Baker, Jehu"><a href="/wiki/Jehu_Baker" title="Jehu Baker">Jehu Baker</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 8th congressional district">Massachusetts 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Baldwin, John Denison"><a href="/wiki/John_Denison_Baldwin" class="mw-redirect" title="John Denison Baldwin">John Denison Baldwin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 5th congressional district">Massachusetts 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Banks, Nathaniel P."><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Nathaniel P. Banks</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district">Pennsylvania 17</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Barker, Abraham Andrews"><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Andrews_Barker" title="Abraham Andrews Barker">Abraham Andrews Barker</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 3rd congressional district">Vermont 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Baxter, Portus"><a href="/wiki/Portus_Baxter" title="Portus Baxter">Portus Baxter</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 1st congressional district">Michigan 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Beaman, Fermando C."><a href="/wiki/Fernando_C._Beaman" title="Fernando C. Beaman">Fernando C. Beaman</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 8th congressional district">Missouri 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Benjamin, John F."><a href="/wiki/John_F._Benjamin" title="John F. Benjamin">John F. Benjamin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="New York's 2nd congressional district">New York 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bergen, Teunis"><a href="/wiki/Teunis_G._Bergen" title="Teunis G. Bergen">Teunis G. Bergen</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/California%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="California's 3rd congressional district">California 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bidwell, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Bidwell" title="John Bidwell">John Bidwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 16th congressional district">Ohio 16</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bingham, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Bingham" title="John Bingham">John Bingham</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maine's 3rd congressional district">Maine 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Blaine, James G."><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 2nd congressional district">Missouri 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Blow, Henry Taylor"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Taylor_Blow" title="Henry Taylor Blow">Henry Taylor Blow</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 7th congressional district">Massachusetts 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Boutwell, George S."><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district">Pennsylvania 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Boyer, Benjamin Markley"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Markley_Boyer" title="Benjamin Markley Boyer">Benjamin Markley Boyer</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 3rd congressional district">Connecticut 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Brandegee, Augustus"><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Brandegee" title="Augustus Brandegee">Augustus Brandegee</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 7th congressional district">Illinois 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bromwell, Henry P. H."><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._H._Bromwell" title="Henry P. H. Bromwell">Henry P. H. Bromwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district">Pennsylvania 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Broomall, John Martin"><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_Broomall" class="mw-redirect" title="John Martin Broomall">John Martin Broomall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 9th congressional district">Ohio 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Buckland, Ralph Pomeroy"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Pomeroy_Buckland" title="Ralph Pomeroy Buckland">Ralph Pomeroy Buckland</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 11th congressional district">Ohio 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bundy, Bezekiah S.."><a href="/wiki/Hezekiah_S._Bundy" title="Hezekiah S. Bundy">Hezekiah S. Bundy</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 5th congressional district">Tennessee 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Campbell, William B."><a href="/wiki/William_B._Campbell" title="William B. Campbell">William B. Campbell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffaacc"> </td> <td>Unionist </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="New York's 7th congressional district">New York 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Chanler, John Winthrop"><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop_Chanler" title="John Winthrop Chanler">John Winthrop Chanler</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 6th congressional district">Ohio 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Clarke, Reader W."><a href="/wiki/Reader_W._Clarke" title="Reader W. Clarke">Reader W. Clarke</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Kansas's at-large congressional district">Kansas at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Clarke, Sidney"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Clarke" title="Sidney Clarke">Sidney Clarke</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district">Wisconsin 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cobb, Amasa"><a href="/wiki/Amasa_Cobb" title="Amasa Cobb">Amasa Cobb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_21st_congressional_district" title="New York's 21st congressional district">New York 21</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Conkling, Roscoe"><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Conkling" title="Roscoe Conkling">Roscoe Conkling</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 9th congressional district">Indiana 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Colfax, Schuyler"><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Did not vote (<a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">speaker</a>)<a href="#endnote_Alpha">α</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 6th congressional district">Illinois 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cook, Burton C."><a href="/wiki/Burton_C._Cook" title="Burton C. Cook">Burton C. Cook</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 4th congressional district">Tennessee 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cooper, Edmund"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Cooper_(politician)" title="Edmund Cooper (politician)">Edmund Cooper</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffaacc"> </td> <td>Unionist </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 8th congressional district">Illinois 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cullom, Shelby Moore"><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">Shelby Moore Cullom</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_20th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district">Pennsylvania 20</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Culver, Charles Vernon"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Vernon_Culver" title="Charles Vernon Culver">Charles Vernon Culver</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="New York's 9th congressional district">New York 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Darling, William Augustus"><a href="/wiki/William_Augustus_Darling" title="William Augustus Darling">William Augustus Darling</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_23rd_congressional_district" title="New York's 23rd congressional district">New York 23</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Davis, Thomas Treadwell"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Treadwell_Davis" title="Thomas Treadwell Davis">Thomas Treadwell Davis</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 10th congressional district">Massachusetts 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dawes, Henry"><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Dawes" title="Henry L. Dawes">Henry Dawes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_21st_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district">Pennsylvania 21</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dawson, John Littleton"><a href="/wiki/John_Littleton_Dawson" class="mw-redirect" title="John Littleton Dawson">John Littleton Dawson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 10th congressional district">Indiana 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Defrees, Joseph H."><a href="/wiki/Joseph_H._Defrees" title="Joseph H. Defrees">Joseph H. Defrees</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 13th congressional district">Ohio 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Delano, Columbus"><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Delano" title="Columbus Delano">Columbus Delano</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 1st congressional district">Connecticut 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Deming, Henry"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Deming" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Deming">Henry Deming</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district">Pennsylvania 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Denison, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Denison" title="Charles Denison">Charles Denison</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district">Rhode Island 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dixon, Nathan F. II"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_F._Dixon_II" title="Nathan F. Dixon II">Nathan F. Dixon II</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="New York's 8th congressional district">New York 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dodge, William"><a href="/wiki/William_E._Dodge" title="William E. Dodge">William E. Dodge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Minnesota's 2nd congressional district">Minnesota 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Donnelly, Ignatius L."><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_L._Donnelly" title="Ignatius L. Donnelly">Ignatius L. Donnelly</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 6th congressional district">Michigan 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Driggs, John F."><a href="/wiki/John_F._Driggs" title="John F. Driggs">John F. Driggs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 6th congressional district">Indiana 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dumont, Ebenezer"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Driggs" title="John F. Driggs">John F. Driggs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 17th congressional district">Ohio 17</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Eckley, Ephraim R."><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_R._Eckley" title="Ephraim R. Eckley">Ephraim R. Eckley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 1st congressional district">Ohio 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Egleeston, Benjamin"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Eggleston" title="Benjamin Eggleston">Benjamin Eggleston</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 4th congressional district">Wisconsin 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Eldredge, Charles A."><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Eldredge" title="Charles A. Eldredge">Charles A. Eldredge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 1st congressional district">Massachusetts 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Eliot, Thomas D."><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Eliot" title="Thomas D. Eliot">Thomas D. Eliot</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 2nd congressional district">Illinois 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Farnsworth, John F."><a href="/wiki/John_F._Farnsworth" title="John F. Farnsworth">John F. Farnsworth</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 4th congressional district">Indiana 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Farquhar, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Hanson_Farquhar" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hanson Farquhar">John Hanson Farquhar</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 4th congressional district">Michigan 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ferry, Thomas W."><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Ferry" title="Thomas W. Ferry">Thomas W. Ferry</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 12th congressional district">Ohio 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Finck, William E.."><a href="/wiki/William_E._Finck" title="William E. Finck">William E. Finck</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 19th congressional district">Ohio 19</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Garfield, James A."><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district">Pennsylvania 15</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Glossbrenner, Adam John"><a href="/wiki/Adam_John_Glossbrenner" title="Adam John Glossbrenner">Adam John Glossbrenner</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="New York's 14th congressional district">New York 14</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Goodyear, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Goodyear" title="Charles Goodyear">Charles Goodyear</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 4th congressional district">Iowa 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Grinell, Josiah Bushnell"><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Bushnell_Grinnell" class="mw-redirect" title="Josiah Bushnell Grinnell">Josiah Bushnell Grinnell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="New York's 15th congressional district">New York 15</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Griswold, John Augustus"><a href="/wiki/John_Augustus_Griswold" title="John Augustus Griswold">John Augustus Griswold</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="New York's 16th congressional district">New York 16</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hale, Robert S."><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Hale" title="Robert S. Hale">Robert S. Hale</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 4th congressional district">Kentucky 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Harding, Aaron"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Harding" title="Aaron Harding">Aaron Harding</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 4th congressional district">Illinois 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Harding, Abner C."><a href="/wiki/Abner_C._Harding" title="Abner C. Harding">Abner C. Harding</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 5th congressional district">Maryland 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Harris, Benjamin Grwinn"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Gwinn_Harris" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Gwinn Harris">Benjamin Gwinn Harris</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_28th_congressional_district" title="New York's 28th congressional district">New York 28</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hart, Roswell"><a href="/wiki/Roswell_Hart" title="Roswell Hart">Roswell Hart</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 7th congressional district">Tennessee 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hawkins, Isaac Roberts"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Roberts_Hawkins" title="Isaac Roberts Hawkins">Isaac Roberts Hawkins</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffaacc"> </td> <td>Unionist </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 2nd congressional district">Ohio 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hayes, Rutherford B."><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Oregon's at-large congressional district">Oregon at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Henderson, James Henry Dickey"><a href="/wiki/James_Henry_Dickey_Henderson" title="James Henry Dickey Henderson">James Henry Dickey Henderson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/California%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="California's 2nd congressional district">California 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Higby, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Higby" title="William Higby">William Higby</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 3rd congressional district">Indiana 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hill, Ralph"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hill_(politician)" title="Ralph Hill (politician)">Ralph Hill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 3rd congressional district">Kentucky 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hise, Elijah"><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Hise" title="Elijah Hise">Elijah Hise</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 1st congressional district">Missouri 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hogan, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Hogan_(Missouri_politician)" title="John Hogan (Missouri politician)">John Hogan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_22nd_congressional_district" title="New York's 22nd congressional district">New York 22</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Holmes, Sidney"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Holmes" class="mw-redirect" title="Sidney Holmes">Sidney Holmes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">Massachusetts 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hooper, Samuel"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hooper" title="Samuel Hooper">Samuel Hooper</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_26th_congressional_district" title="New York's 26th congressional district">New York 26</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hotchkiss, Giles"><a href="/wiki/Giles_Hotchkiss" class="mw-redirect" title="Giles Hotchkiss">Giles Hotchkiss</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 6th congressional district">Iowa 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbard, Asahel W."><a href="/wiki/Asahel_W._Hubbard" title="Asahel W. Hubbard">Asahel W. Hubbard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="West Virginia's 1st congressional district">West Virginia 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbard Chester D.."><a href="/wiki/Chester_D._Hubbard" title="Chester D. Hubbard">Chester D. Hubbard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="New York's 19th congressional district">New York 19</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbard, Demas Jr."><a href="/wiki/Demas_Hubbard_Jr." title="Demas Hubbard Jr.">Demas Hubbard Jr.</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 4th congressional district">Connecticut 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbard, John Henry"><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Hubbard" title="John Henry Hubbard">John Henry Hubbard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="New York's 13th congressional district">New York 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbell, Edwin N."><a href="/wiki/Edwin_N._Hubbell" title="Edwin N. Hubbell">Edwin N. Hubbell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 8th congressional district">Ohio 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbell, James Randolph"><a href="/wiki/James_Randolph_Hubbell" title="James Randolph Hubbell">James Randolph Hubbell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="New York's 17th congressional district">New York 17</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hulburd, Calvin T."><a href="/wiki/Calvin_T._Hulburd" title="Calvin T. Hulburd">Calvin T. Hulburd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_30th_congressional_district" title="New York's 30th congressional district">New York 30</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Humphrey, James M."><a href="/wiki/James_M._Humphrey" title="James M. Humphrey">James M. Humphrey</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="New York's 3rd congressional district">New York 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hunter, John W."><a href="/wiki/John_W._Hunter" title="John W. Hunter">John W. Hunter</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 5th congressional district">Illinois 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ingersoll, Ebnon C."><a href="/wiki/Ebon_C._Ingersoll" title="Ebon C. Ingersoll">Ebon C. Ingersoll</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Rhode Island's 1st congressional district">Rhode Island 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Jenckes, Thomas"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jenckes" title="Thomas Jenckes">Thomas Jenckes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district">Pennsylvania 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Johnson, Philip"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson_(congressman)" title="Philip Johnson (congressman)">Philip Johnson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="New York's 4th congressional district">New York 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Jones, Morgan"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Jones_(American_politician)" title="Morgan Jones (American politician)">Morgan Jones</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 5th congressional district">Indiana 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Julian, George Washington"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Julian" class="mw-redirect" title="George Washington Julian">George Washington Julian</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 5th congressional district">Iowa 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kasson, John A."><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">John A. Kasson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district">Pennsylvania 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kelley, William D."><a href="/wiki/William_D._Kelley" title="William D. Kelley">William D. Kelley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 4th congressional district">Missouri 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kelso, John"><a href="/wiki/John_R._Kelso" title="John R. Kelso">John R. Kelso</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#CC6666"> </td> <td>Independent Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 2nd congressional district">Indiana 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kerr, Michael C."><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Kerr" title="Michael C. Kerr">Michael C. Kerr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="New York's 12th congressional district">New York 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ketcham, John H."><a href="/wiki/John_H._Ketcham" title="John H. Ketcham">John H. Ketcham</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district">Pennsylvania 16</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Koontz, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Koontz" class="mw-redirect" title="William Koontz">William Koontz</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 13th congressional district">Illinois 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kuykendall, Andrew J."><a href="/wiki/Andrew_J._Kuykendall" title="Andrew J. Kuykendall">Andrew J. Kuykendall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_20th_congressional_district" title="New York's 20th congressional district">New York 20</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Laflin, Addison"><a href="/wiki/Addison_H._Laflin" title="Addison H. Laflin">Addison H. Laflin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="West Virginia's 2nd congressional district">West Virginia 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Latham, George R."><a href="/wiki/George_R._Latham" title="George R. Latham">George R. Latham</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_24th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district">Pennsylvania 24</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lawrence, George Van Eman"><a href="/wiki/George_Van_Eman_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="George Van Eman Lawrence">George Van Eman Lawrence</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 4th congressional district">Ohio 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lawrence, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 5th congressional district">Ohio 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Le Blond, Francis Celeste"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Celeste_Le_Blond" title="Francis Celeste Le Blond">Francis Celeste Le Blond</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 8th congressional district">Tennessee 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Leftwich, John W."><a href="/wiki/John_W._Leftwich" title="John W. Leftwich">John W. Leftwich</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffaacc"> </td> <td>Unionist </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 7th congressional district">Missouri 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Loan, Benjamin F."><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Loan" title="Benjamin F. Loan">Benjamin F. Loan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 3rd congressional district">Michigan 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Longyear, John W."><a href="/wiki/John_W._Longyear" title="John W. Longyear">John W. Longyear</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Maine's 1st congressional district">Maine 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lynch, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Lynch_(Maine_politician)" title="John Lynch (Maine politician)">John Lynch</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 11th congressional district">Illinois 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Marshall, Samuel S."><a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Marshall" title="Samuel S. Marshall">Samuel S. Marshall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="New Hampshire's 1st congressional district">New Hampshire 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Marston, Gilman"><a href="/wiki/Gilman_Marston" title="Gilman Marston">Gilman Marston</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="New York's 18th congressional district">New York 18</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Marvin, James M."><a href="/wiki/James_M._Marvin" title="James M. Marvin">James M. Marvin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 2nd congressional district">Tennessee 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Maynard, Horance"><a href="/wiki/Horace_Maynard" title="Horace Maynard">Horace Maynard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 5th congressional district">Missouri 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McClurg, Joseph W."><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._McClurg" title="Joseph W. McClurg">Joseph W. McClurg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 1st congressional district">Maryland 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McCullough, Hiram"><a href="/wiki/Hiram_McCullough" title="Hiram McCullough">Hiram McCullough</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 6th congressional district">Wisconsin 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McIndoe, Walter D.."><a href="/wiki/Walter_D._McIndoe" title="Walter D. McIndoe">Walter D. McIndoe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 9th congressional district">Kentucky 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McKee, Samuel"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_McKee_(politician,_born_1833)" title="Samuel McKee (politician, born 1833)">Samuel McKee</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/California%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="California's 1st congressional district">California 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McRuer, Donald C."><a href="/wiki/Donald_C._McRuer" title="Donald C. McRuer">Donald C. McRuer</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district">Pennsylvania 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Mercur, Ulysses"><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_Mercur" title="Ulysses Mercur">Ulysses Mercur</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district">Pennsylvania 14</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Miller, George Funston"><a href="/wiki/George_Funston_Miller" title="George Funston Miller">George Funston Miller</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_22nd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district">Pennsylvania 22</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Moorhead, James K."><a href="/wiki/James_K._Moorhead" title="James K. Moorhead">James K. Moorhead</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 2nd congressional district">Vermont 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Morrill, Justin Smith"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Smith_Morrill" class="mw-redirect" title="Justin Smith Morrill">Justin Smith Morrill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_25th_congressional_district" title="New York's 25th congressional district">New York 25</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Morris, Daniel"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Morris" title="Daniel Morris">Daniel Morris</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Illinois's at-large congressional district">Illinois at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Moulton, Samuel Wheeler"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Wheeler_Moulton" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Wheeler Moulton">Samuel Wheeler Moulton</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district">Pennsylvania 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Myers, Leonard"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Myers_(politician)" title="Leonard Myers (politician)">Leonard Myers</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 2nd congressional district">New Jersey 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Newell, William A."><a href="/wiki/William_A._Newell" title="William A. Newell">William A. Newell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 1st congressional district">Indiana 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Niblack, William E."><a href="/wiki/William_E._Niblack" title="William E. Niblack">William E. Niblack</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Delaware's at-large congressional district">Delaware at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Nicholson, John A."><a href="/wiki/John_A._Nicholson" title="John A. Nicholson">John A. Nicholson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 3rd congressional district">Missouri 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Noel, Thomas E."><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Noell" title="Thomas E. Noell">Thomas E. Noell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district">Pennsylvania 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="O'Neill, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_O%27Neill_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Charles O'Neill (Pennsylvania politician)">Charles O'Neill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 8th congressional district">Indiana 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Orth, Godlove Stein"><a href="/wiki/Godlove_Stein_Orth" class="mw-redirect" title="Godlove Stein Orth">Godlove Stein Orth</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 1st congressional district">Wisconsin 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Paine, Halbert E."><a href="/wiki/Halbert_E._Paine" title="Halbert E. Paine">Halbert E. Paine</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district">New Hampshire 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Patterson, James W.."><a href="/wiki/James_W._Patterson" title="James W. Patterson">James W. Patterson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Maine's 2nd congressional district">Maine 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Perham, Sidney"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Perham" title="Sidney Perham">Sidney Perham</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 3rd congressional district">Maryland 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Phelps, Charles E."><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Phelps" title="Charles E. Phelps">Charles E. Phelps</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Maine's 5th congressional district">Maine 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Pike, Frederick Augustus"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_Pike" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Augustus Pike">Frederick Augustus Pike</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 15th congressional district">Ohio 15</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Plants, Tobais A."><a href="/wiki/Tobias_A._Plants" title="Tobias A. Plants">Tobias A. Plants</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_24th_congressional_district" title="New York's 24th congressional district">New York 24</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Pomeroy, Theodore M."><a href="/wiki/Theodore_M._Pomeroy" title="Theodore M. Pomeroy">Theodore M. Pomeroy</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">Iowa 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Price, Hiram"><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Hiram Price</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="New York's 10th congressional district">New York 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Radford, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Radford_(politician)" title="William Radford (politician)">William Radford</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district">Pennsylvania 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Randall, Samuel J."><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall" title="Samuel J. Randall">Samuel J. Randall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 8th congressional district">Kentucky 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Randall, William H."><a href="/wiki/William_H._Randall" title="William H. Randall">William H. Randall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="New York's 6th congressional district">New York 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Raymond, Henry Jarvis"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jarvis_Raymond" title="Henry Jarvis Raymond">Henry Jarvis Raymond</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district">Massachusetts 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Rice, Alexander H."><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Rice" title="Alexander H. Rice">Alexander H. Rice</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Maine's 4th congressional district">Maine 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Rice, John H."><a href="/wiki/John_H._Rice" title="John H. Rice">John H. Rice</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 2nd congressional district">Kentucky 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ritter, Burwell"><a href="/wiki/Burwell_Ritter" class="mw-redirect" title="Burwell Ritter">Burwell Ritter</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 4th congressional district">New Jersey 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Rogers, Andrew J."><a href="/wiki/Andrew_J._Rogers" title="Andrew J. Rogers">Andrew J. Rogers</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district">New Hampshire 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Rollins, Edward H."><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Rollins" title="Edward H. Rollins">Edward H. Rollins</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 9th congressional district">Illinois 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ross, Lewis W."><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Winans_Ross" title="Lewis Winans Ross">Lewis Winans Ross</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 5th congressional district">Kentucky 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Rousseau, Lovell."><a href="/wiki/Lovell_Rousseau" title="Lovell Rousseau">Lovell Rousseau</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 5th congressional district">Wisconsin 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Sawyer, Philetus"><a href="/wiki/Philetus_Sawyer" title="Philetus Sawyer">Philetus Sawyer</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 3rd congressional district">Ohio 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Scnenck, Robert C."><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Schenck" title="Robert C. Schenck">Robert C. Schenck</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district">Pennsylvania 19</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Scofield, Glenni William"><a href="/wiki/Glenni_William_Scofield" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenni William Scofield">Glenni William Scofield</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 7th congressional district">Kentucky 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Shanklin, George S."><a href="/wiki/George_S._Shanklin" title="George S. Shanklin">George S. Shanklin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 7th congressional district">Ohio 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Shellabarger, Samuel"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Shellabarger_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Shellabarger (congressman)">Samuel Shellabarger</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 3rd congressional district">New Jersey 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Sitgreaves, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sitgreaves" title="Charles Sitgreaves">Charles Sitgreaves</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district">Wisconsin 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Sloan, Ithaamr"><a href="/wiki/Ithamar_Sloan" title="Ithamar Sloan">Ithamar Sloan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 18th congressional district">Ohio 18</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Spalding, Rufus P."><a href="/wiki/Rufus_P._Spalding" title="Rufus P. Spalding">Rufus P. Spalding</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 1st congressional district">New Jersey 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Starr, John F."><a href="/wiki/John_F._Starr" title="John F. Starr">John F. Starr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district">Pennsylvania 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stevens, Thaddeus"><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Stevens" title="Thaddeus Stevens">Thaddeus Stevens</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 11th congressional district">Indiana 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stilwell, Thomas N."><a href="/wiki/Thomas_N._Stilwell" title="Thomas N. Stilwell">Thomas N. Stilwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 3rd congressional district">Tennessee 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stokes, William Brickly"><a href="/wiki/William_Brickly_Stokes" class="mw-redirect" title="William Brickly Stokes">William Brickly Stokes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district">Pennsylvania 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Strouse, Myer"><a href="/wiki/Myer_Strouse" title="Myer Strouse">Myer Strouse</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="New York's 1st congressional district">New York 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Taber, Stephen"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Taber" title="Stephen Taber">Stephen Taber</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 1st congressional district">Tennessee 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Taylor, Nathaniel Green"><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Green_Taylor" title="Nathaniel Green Taylor">Nathaniel Green Taylor</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffaacc"> </td> <td>Unionist </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="New York's 5th congressional district">New York 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Taylor, Nelson"><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Taylor" title="Nelson Taylor">Nelson Taylor</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district">Pennsylvania 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Thayer, Martin Russell"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Russell_Thayer" title="Martin Russell Thayer">Martin Russell Thayer</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 4th congressional district">Maryland 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Thomas, Francis"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Thomas" title="Francis Thomas">Francis Thomas</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 2nd congressional district">Maryland 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Thomas, John Lewis Jr."><a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_Thomas_Jr." title="John Lewis Thomas Jr.">John Lewis Thomas Jr.</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 10th congressional district">Illinois 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Thornton, Anthony"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Thornton_(politician)" title="Anthony Thornton (politician)">Anthony Thornton</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 1st congressional district">Kentucky 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Trimble, Larence S."><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_S._Trimble" title="Lawrence S. Trimble">Lawrence S. Trimble</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 5th congressional district">Michigan 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Trowbridge, Rowland E."><a href="/wiki/Rowland_E._Trowbridge" title="Rowland E. Trowbridge">Rowland E. Trowbridge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 2nd congressional district">Michigan 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Upson, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Upson" title="Charles Upson">Charles Upson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_31st_congressional_district" title="New York's 31st congressional district">New York 31</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Aernam, Henry"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Van_Aernam" title="Henry Van Aernam">Henry Van Aernam</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_29th_congressional_district" title="New York's 29th congressional district">New York 29</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Horn, Burt"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Van_Horn" title="Burt Van Horn">Burt Van Horn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 6th congressional district">Missouri 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Horn, Robert T."><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Van_Horn" title="Robert T. Van Horn">Robert T. Van Horn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 6th congressional district">Kentucky 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ward, Andrew H."><a href="/wiki/Andrew_H._Ward" title="Andrew H. Ward">Andrew H. Ward</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_27th_congressional_district" title="New York's 27th congressional district">New York 27</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ward, Hamilton"><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Ward_Sr." title="Hamilton Ward Sr.">Hamilton Ward</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 2nd congressional district">Connecticut 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Warner, Samuel L."><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Warner" title="Samuel L. Warner">Samuel L. Warner</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 7th congressional district">Indiana 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Washburn, Henry D."><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Washburn" title="Henry D. Washburn">Henry D. Washburn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 9th congressional district">Massachusetts 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Washburn, William B."><a href="/wiki/William_B._Washburn" title="William B. Washburn">William B. Washburn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 3rd congressional district">Illinois 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Washburne, Elihu B."><a href="/wiki/Elihu_B._Washburne" title="Elihu B. Washburne">Elihu B. Washburne</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 14th congressional district">Ohio 14</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Welker, Martin"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Welker" title="Martin Welker">Martin Welker</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 1st congressional district">Illinois 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wentworth, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Wentworth_(Illinois_politician)" title="John Wentworth (Illinois politician)">John Wentworth</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="West Virginia's 3rd congressional district">West Virginia 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Whaley, Kellian"><a href="/wiki/Kellian_Whaley" title="Kellian Whaley">Kellian Whaley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFAABB"> </td> <td>Unconditional Union </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_23rd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district">Pennsylvania 23</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Williams, Thomas"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">Iowa 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wilson, James F."><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district">Pennsylvania 18</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wilson, Stephen Fowler"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Fowler_Wilson" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen Fowler Wilson">Stephen Fowler Wilson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Minnesota's 1st congressional district">Minnesota 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Windom, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">William Windom</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="New York's 11th congressional district">New York 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Winfield, Charles H."><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Winfield" title="Charles H. Winfield">Charles H. Winfield</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 1st congressional district">Vermont 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Woodbridge, Frederick E."><a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._Woodbridge" title="Frederick E. Woodbridge">Frederick E. Woodbridge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 5th congressional district">New Jersey 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wright, Edwin R. V."><a href="/wiki/Edwin_R._V._Wright" title="Edwin R. V. Wright">Edwin R. V. Wright</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="z" colspan="6">Notes: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><a href="#ref_Alpha">^α</a> Schuyler Colfax was serving as Speaker of the House. Per House rules, "the Speaker is not required to vote in ordinary legislative proceedings, except when such vote would be decisive or when the House is engaged in voting by ballot."<a href="#cite_note-rule1-12">[12]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inquiry">Inquiry</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Inquiry">edit</a>]</div> The resulting inquiry lasted eleven months, saw 89 witnesses interviewed, and saw 1,200 pages of testimony compiled.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Among those that appeared before the House Committee on the Judiciary as part of the inquiry were <a href="/wiki/John_Covode" title="John Covode">John Covode</a> (who urged impeachment)<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Scott_Fullerton" title="Joseph Scott Fullerton">Joseph Scott Fullerton</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_S._Fowler" title="Joseph S. Fowler">Joseph S. Fowler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Stanton" title="Edwin Stanton">Edwin Stanton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lafayette_C._Baker" title="Lafayette C. Baker">Lafayette C. Baker</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Barclay_Napton" title="William Barclay Napton">William Barclay Napton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rufus_Saxton" title="Rufus Saxton">Rufus Saxton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Conway" title="Thomas W. Conway">Thomas W. Conway</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_S._Black" title="Jeremiah S. Black">Jeremiah S. Black</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Included among those interviewed were men pardoned by Johnson and men he had fired.<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Evans_(Colorado_governor)" title="John Evans (Colorado governor)">John Evans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jerome_B._Chaffee" title="Jerome B. Chaffee">Jerome B. Chaffee</a> gave testimony related to Johnson's veto of a bill for the admission of <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> as a state.<a href="#cite_note-Reports1-18">[18]</a> President Johnson was reported to have been angered by the authorization of the inquiry.<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> He kept secret tabs on the inquiry through the <a href="/wiki/Pinkerton_Detective_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinkerton Detective Agency">Pinkerton Detective Agency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> Per the findings of <a href="/wiki/Asher_Hinds" title="Asher Hinds">Hinds</a>’ Precedents of the House of Representatives, it does not appear that Johnson sought to be represented by <a href="/wiki/Counsel" title="Counsel">counsel</a> before the committee during the inquiry.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Members_of_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary_during_the_inquiry">Members of House Committee on the Judiciary during the inquiry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Members of House Committee on the Judiciary during the inquiry">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="39th_Congress">39th Congress</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 39th Congress">edit</a>]</div> In the 39th Congress the House Committee on the Judiciary consisted of seven Republicans, one Democrat, and one <a href="/wiki/Unconditional_Union_Party" title="Unconditional Union Party">Unconditional Unionist</a>. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Members of the House Committee on the Judiciary during the <a href="/wiki/39th_United_States_Congress" title="39th United States Congress">39th United States Congress</a><a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Party1-20">[20]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Unconditional_Union_Party" title="Unconditional Union Party">Unconditional Union Party</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a>, Iowa (committee chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a>, Massachusetts</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_C._Cook" title="Burton C. Cook">Burton C. Cook</a>, Illinois</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a>, Ohio</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Morris" title="Daniel Morris">Daniel Morris</a>, New York</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a>, Pennsylvania</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._Woodbridge" title="Frederick E. Woodbridge">Frederick E. Woodbridge</a>, Vermont</li></ul> </td> <td valign="top" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sydenham_Elnathan_Ancona" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydenham Elnathan Ancona">Sydenham Elnathan Ancona</a>, Pennsylvania</li></ul> </td> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Thomas" title="Francis Thomas">Francis Thomas</a>, Maryland</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="40th_Congress">40th Congress</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 40th Congress">edit</a>]</div> In the 40th Congress, the House Committee on the Judiciary consisted of seven Republicans and two Democrats. All of the committee members from the previous Congress returned to the committee for the 40th Congress, with the two exceptions of Democrat <a href="/wiki/Sydenham_Elnathan_Ancona" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydenham Elnathan Ancona">Sydenham Elnathan Ancona</a> and Republican <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Morris" title="Daniel Morris">Daniel Morris</a>, who had both departed the United States House of Representatives. In their place were two new committee members, Democrat <a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Eldredge" title="Charles A. Eldredge">Charles A. Eldredge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Marshall" title="Samuel S. Marshall">Samuel S. Marshall</a> and Republican <a href="/wiki/John_C._Churchill" title="John C. Churchill">John C. Churchill</a>. Committee member <a href="/wiki/Francis_Thomas" title="Francis Thomas">Francis Thomas</a>, who had been elected to the previous congress as a member of the Unconditional Union Party, was now elected to the 40th Congress as a member of the Republican Party. <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Members of the House Committee on the Judiciary during the <a href="/wiki/40th_United_States_Congress" title="40th United States Congress">40th United States Congress</a><a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a>, Iowa (committee chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a>, Massachusetts</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Churchill" title="John C. Churchill">John C. Churchill</a>, New York</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a>, Ohio</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Thomas" title="Francis Thomas">Francis Thomas</a>, Maryland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a>, Pennsylvania</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._Woodbridge" title="Frederick E. Woodbridge">Frederick E. Woodbridge</a>, Vermont</li></ul> </td> <td valign="top" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Eldredge" title="Charles A. Eldredge">Charles A. Eldredge</a>, Wisconsin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Marshall" title="Samuel S. Marshall">Samuel S. Marshall</a>, Illinois</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial_investigation_during_the_39th_Congress">Initial investigation during the 39th Congress</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Initial investigation during the 39th Congress">edit</a>]</div> To comply with Ashley's impeachment resolution, the Judiciary Committee began to slowly conduct an impeachment inquiry, gathering evidence from witnesses in closed sessions.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> On January 14, 1867, the resolution that had been proposed by Benjamin F. Loan on the inquiry was established was finally debated by the full House. Loan gave a long speech to the House in which he used language that was largely interpreted as accusing Johnson of complicity in the assassination of President Lincoln, and which further accused him of participation in a conspiracy to capture the United States Government in the interest of those involved in the <a href="/wiki/Secession_in_the_United_States" title="Secession in the United States">southern secession</a>. The resolution was again considered on January 28 and February 4 due to a motion by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jenckes" title="Thomas Jenckes">Thomas Jenckes</a> to refer the resolution to the Committee on the Judiciary. This motion to refer Loan's resolution to the committee already tasked with addressing a prospective impeachment was ultimately agreed to by the House.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Clerk-22">[22]</a> The allegations of misconduct given in the testimony taken by the committee was largely unsupported by evidence. The committee investigated a myriad of allegations against Johnson. Among the matters investigated and for which testimony was taken was the question of whether Johnson played a role in the removal of eighteen missing pages from Lincoln assassin <a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes_Booth" title="John Wilkes Booth">John Wilkes Booth</a>'s personal journal.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> It was speculated whether these pages might have implicated Johnson in the conspiracy behind the assassination. Another allegation investigated was that Johnson had used intimidation or <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">patronage</a> appointments as influence to prevent the admission of the <a href="/wiki/Colorado_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado territory">Colorado territory</a> as a state. The committee also investigated whether Johnson had provided pardons to <a href="/wiki/Deserters" class="mw-redirect" title="Deserters">deserters</a> from <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>. It also investigated whether or not the commission for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Sweden">United States' minister to Sweden</a> had been correctly issued. Another matter investigated was the <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_massacre_of_1866" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans massacre of 1866">New Orleans massacre of 1866</a>. Also investigated were allegations of fraud in New York City related to <a href="/wiki/Import_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Import tax">import taxes</a>. One allegation investigated (that Johnson had asked the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_general_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney general of the United States">attorney general of the United States</a> whether he believed the Congress was perhaps illegitimate due to the lack of representation for unreconstructed southern states) turned out to be a story fabricated by a journalist.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> The early hearings by the Judiciary Committee were an outlandish affair and were unsuccessful in providing substantive testimony of malfeasance.<a href="#cite_note-Meachem1-23">[23]</a> The Judiciary Committee's first closed-door hearings had been held February 6, 1867, with testimony from Detective Lafayette C. Baker. Baker was famous for having tracked John Wilkes Booth down after Booth assassinated President Lincoln. Baker's testimony set the tone for the series of evidence-devoid allegations that would be delivered in various testimonies, with Baker implication Johnson in several crimes without providing any evidence. He first implicated Johnson in <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">treason</a>, testifying of a wartime letter that he claimed he had once came into possession of on a date he could not recall (but no longer held possession of) which he alleged had been sent from Johnson to <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate</a> President <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Jefferson Davis</a>. Baker did not know the contents of the letter. He also declined to disclose who he had received the letter from. However, he testified that he believed that the letter's existence implied that Johnson would "go with" the Confederates. Baker next implicated Johnson with, among other things, involvement with prostitution and bribery. Baker testified about Lucy Cobb, "a disreputable woman, or, in other words, woman of the town" (prostitute), who he had prevented from visiting the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> the previous year. He testified that had disclosed to him that Johnson had secret methods for communicating with "his friends in the South" and that she was herself involved in a trade of selling <a href="/wiki/Federal_pardons_in_the_United_States" title="Federal pardons in the United States">presidential pardons</a> to confederates.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Meachem1-23">[23]</a> The committee investigated whether Johnson had improper connections to southerners that had been sold back railroad assets that had been seized by the <a href="/wiki/Union_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Army">Union Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>. The possibility that corrupt personal favoritism by Johnson had been involved in these sales was explored. However, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a> Edwin Stanton (well-regarded by Radical Republicans) took responsibility for these sales. Stanton told the committee that he believed the sales were justified because the federal government did not have the know-how needed to successfully run the railroads and the nation's post-war economic recovery required that the railroads be placed into the management of individuals who had the knowledge to successfully operate them.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> The Judiciary Committee ran out of time to complete its inquiry, with the 39th Congress expiring, However, the committee ruled that they had received "sufficient testimony" to continue their investigation in the new <a href="/wiki/40th_United_States_Congress" title="40th United States Congress">40th Congress</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> March 2, 1867, two days before the end of the 39th congress, the committee recommended that the matter be further reviewed in the next congress, with committee member James F. Wilson presenting this recommendation to the whole of congress.<a href="#cite_note-CRS1998a-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> The full House was then read the committee's majority report which argued that, in the expiring hours of the 39th congress, no affirmative report could be properly considered, and opined that it was "inexpedient to submit any conclusion," with the committee having not fully investigated all charges against the president.<a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a> This report had been approved by the committee's Republican chairman James F. Wilson, as well as Republican committee members George S. Boutwell, <a href="/wiki/Burton_C._Cook" title="Burton C. Cook">Burton C. Cook</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a>, Daniel Morris, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._Woodbridge" title="Frederick E. Woodbridge">Frederick E. Woodbridge</a> and Unconditional Unionist committee member Francis Thomas.<a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Party1-20">[20]</a> The sole Democratic committee member, Sydenham Elnathan Ancona, submitted a minority report against a continuation of the inquiry. Both reports were ordered printed and laid on the table.<a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="40th_Congress'_renewal_of_the_inquiry">40th Congress' renewal of the inquiry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 40th Congress' renewal of the inquiry">edit</a>]</div> The 40th Congress consented to the recommendation that the Judiciary Committee made near the end of the 39th Congress, and ordered the committee to continue its inquiry.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> At the start of the 40th Congress, Congressman Benjamin Buter unsuccessfully urged the Republican caucus to create a special panel to continue the impeachment inquiry. But Congressman James Mitchell Ashley managed to successfully have the inquiry continue in the Judiciary Committee.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> On March 7, 1867, the third day of the 40th Congress, Ashley introduced a resolution calling for the impeachment investigation by the Judiciary Committee to be continue.<a href="#cite_note-CRS1998a-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-globe18-25-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-journal19-21-27">[27]</a> The resolution read, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Whereas the House of Representatives of the thirty-ninth Congress adopted on 7th of January, 1867, a resolution authorizing an inquiry into certain charges preferred against the President of the United States; and whereas the Judiciary Committee, to whom said resolution and charges were referred, with authority to investigate the same, were unable for want of time to complete said investigation before the expiration of the thirty-ninth Congress; and whereas in the report submitted by said Judiciary Committee on the 2d of March, they declared that the evidence taken is of such a character as to justify and demand a continuation of the investigation by this Congress: Therefore, Be it resolved by the House of Representatives, That the Judiciary Committee, when appointed, be, and they are hereby, instructed to continue the investigation authorized in said resolution of January 7, 1867, and that they have power to send for persons and papers, and to administer the customary oath to witnesses, and that the committee shall have authority to sit during the sessions of the House, and during any recess which Congress or this House may take. Resolved, that the Speaker of the House be requested to appoint the Committee on the Judiciary forthwith and that the committee so appointed be directed to take charge of the testimony taken by the committee of the last Congress; and that said committee have power to appoint a clerk at a compensation not to exceed six dollars per day, and employ the necessary <a href="/wiki/Stenographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Stenographer">stenographer</a>. Resolved further, That the <a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Clerk of the House of Representatives">Clerk of the House of Representatives</a> be directed to pay out of the contingent fund of the House, on the order of the committee on the Judiciary, such sum or sums of money as may be required to enable the said committee to prosecute the investigation above directed, and such other investigations as it may be ordered to make.<a href="#cite_note-globe18-25-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-journal19-21-27">[27]</a></blockquote> John Covode proposed an amendment to the resolution that was understood to have been authored by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Benjamin Butler</a>. The amendment would have instead had the continuation of the inquiry be run by a select committee of thirteen members on which the seven members of the Judiciary Committee would all serve. <a href="/wiki/John_F._Farnsworth" title="John F. Farnsworth">John F. Farnsworth</a> argued against this, arguing that the inquiry should continue to be run through the Judiciary Committee. Citing precedents in the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>, and declaring that no insult was intended to the Judiciary Committee, Butler argued in favor of a special committee overseeing the inquiry. <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a> argued against moving the inquiry to a special committee, arguing that doing so would be considered a rebuke to the Judiciary Committee. <a href="/wiki/John_Martin_Broomall" class="mw-redirect" title="John Martin Broomall">John Martin Broomall</a> voiced similar opposition. <a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">John A. Logan</a> voiced support for a special committee, arguing that the Judiciary Committee had no prescriptive right to be handling the matter. John Bingham countered Logan's argument by claiming that, in the eight precedents of federal impeachment cases in the United States, all but one had seen the matter referred to the Judiciary Committee, and that the one exception had led to a ridiculous blunder. After this debate, an overwhelming majority voted to reject the proposed amendment.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The House adopted Ashley's resolution to renew the investigation without any opposition after both debate and the defeat (by 33–119) of a motion to <a href="/wiki/Table_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Table (parliamentary procedure)">table</a> it.<a href="#cite_note-CRS1998a-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-globe18-25-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-journal19-21-27">[27]</a> Right after the 40th Congress voted to reauthorize the impeachment inquiry, Speaker Colfax appointed the membership of a number of House committees, including the Committee on the Judiciary.<a href="#cite_note-journal19-21-27">[27]</a> Butler, a strong proponent of impeachment, unsuccessfully requested to be added to the Judiciary Committee, but John Bingham strongly objected to this.<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Continued_investigation_in_the_40th_Congress">Continued investigation in the 40th Congress</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Continued investigation in the 40th Congress">edit</a>]</div> The 40th Congress' House Committee on the Judiciary resumed the inquiry started by the committee in the previous congress.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> They held month of closed-door hearings.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a> Johnson and his allies grew more and more frustrated with the impeachment inquiry, which kept expanding in scope.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> When the committee began investigating Johnson's finances, Johnson irately reacted, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">I have had a son killed, a son-in-law die during <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nashville" title="Battle of Nashville">the last battle at Nashville</a>, another son has thrown himself away, a second son-in law is in no better condition. I think I have sorrow enough without having my bank account examined by a committee of Congress."<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a></blockquote> In March 1867, Radical Republicans, dissatisfied with the slow pace of the inquiry, attempted to bypass that process outlined in Ashley's resolution and instead secure Republican caucus approval for immediate impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-Benedict-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Bingham" title="John Bingham">John Bingham</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a> (the chairman of the House Committee on the Judiciary) killed this effort by the Radical Republicans.<a href="#cite_note-Benedict-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> By mid-1867, impeachment was regularly promoted by chief opponents of Johnson in Congress.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judiciary_Committee_vote_against_impeachment_(June_1867)">Judiciary Committee vote against impeachment (June 1867)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Judiciary Committee vote against impeachment (June 1867)">edit</a>]</div> On June 3, 1867, in a 5–4 vote, the committee voted against sending an impeachment resolution to the full House, with three moderate Republican members joining two Democratic members of the committee in voting against doing so.<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-househistory1-6">[6]</a> They, however, also voted in support of <a href="/wiki/Censuring" class="mw-redirect" title="Censuring">censuring</a> Johnson.<a href="#cite_note-Wineapple12-2">[2]</a> On July 10, 1867, James F. Wilson reported verbally on behalf of the committee, by its direction, that they anticipated being able to report on or after October 16. He also stated that, as it then stood, five members were of the opinion that high crimes and misdemeanors warranting impeachment had not occurred, while the remaining four members believed that they had.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> It appeared that Johnson had successfully avoided impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-Meachem1-23">[23]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7" style="background:#f5f5f5">House Judiciary Committee vote sending on an impeachment resolution to the full House<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th rowspan="2">June 3, 1867 </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Total votes </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th style="background:#b0ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th style="background:#ffb6b6;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; background:#F5F5F5">Yea </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">4 </td> <td style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; style=">Nay <img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/14px-Black_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/21px-Black_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/28px-Black_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td style="width: 7em;">2 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">3 </td> <td style="background:#F5F5F5">5 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>Vote by member </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>District </th> <th>Member </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 7th congressional district">Massachusetts 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Boutwell, George S."><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_22nd_congressional_district" title="New York's 22nd congressional district">New York 22</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Churchill, John C."><a href="/wiki/John_C._Churchill" title="John C. Churchill">John C. Churchill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 4th congressional district">Wisconsin 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Edredge, Charles A."><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Eldredge" title="Charles A. Eldredge">Charles A. Eldredge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 4th congressional district">Ohio 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lawrence, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 11th congressional district">Illinois 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Marshall, Samuel S."><a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Marshall" title="Samuel S. Marshall">Samuel S. Marshall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 4th congressional district">Maryland 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Thomas, Francis"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Thomas" title="Francis Thomas">Francis Thomas</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_23rd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district">Pennsylvania 23</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Williams, Thomas"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 1st congressional district">Vermont 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Woodbridge, Frederick E."><a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._Woodbridge" title="Frederick E. Woodbridge">Frederick E. Woodbridge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">Iowa 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wilson, James F."><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inquiry_resumed,_Johnson_antagonizes_Republicans">Inquiry resumed, Johnson antagonizes Republicans</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Inquiry resumed, Johnson antagonizes Republicans">edit</a>]</div> The House Committee on the Judiciary had not delivered a report to the full congress, meaning that they had not yet formally closed their inquiry.<a href="#cite_note-househistory1-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> Johnson would undertake actions that further antagonized Republicans. This would ultimately cause increased Republican anxiety over Johnson's obstruction and lead to the Judiciary Committee reversing their majority stance on impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-Meachem1-23">[23]</a> The first of these actions came when <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stanbery" title="Henry Stanbery">Henry Stanbery</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_general_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney general of the United States">attorney general of the United States</a>) issued at the request of Johnson a legal opinion which, combined with an earlier opinion issued at the request of Johnson in March, put forth an interoperation of the law that decreased the power of military district commanders in the South. The <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction Act">Reconstruction Acts</a> that had been passed over the vetoes of Johnson had created five military districts in the South and had given broad powers to the commanders of those districts to enforce the Reconstruction Acts. However, the attorney general's legal opinions found that the commanders had no power to remove local officials who acted against congressional policies. The legal opinion also undermined restrictions on former confederates voting.<a href="#cite_note-Meachem1-23">[23]</a> The committee would resume collecting evidence for the impeachment inquiry.<a href="#cite_note-Meachem1-23">[23]</a> On July 17, 1867, the House agreed to an amended version of a resolution by John Covode that instructed the House Committee on the Judiciary to, in their investigation, inquire into new a charge levied against the president. The new charge was that Johnson had, allegedly at the request of Lincoln assassination conspirator <a href="/wiki/John_Surratt" title="John Surratt">John Surratt</a>'s counsel, given a full pardon to Confederate Stephen F. Cameron. The resolution instructed the committee to look into this action, which it declared would demonstrate Johnson's "sympathy with the men who murdered the President" if true. The resolution also instructed the committee to, in the first week of the second session of the 40th Congress, report evidence to the House on this together with the testimony already collected in the impeachment inquiry.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> The second session of the 40th Congress would begin on December 2, 1867.<a href="#cite_note-sessiondates-32">[32]</a> Over the 1867 summer congressional recess (which lasted from July 21 through November 20, 1867<a href="#cite_note-sessiondates-32">[32]</a>), sentiments among Republicans shifted further with more Republicans coming to side in favor of impeachment due to continued acts by Johnson that antagonized Republicans. One such act was Johnson's suspension of Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and replacement of him with <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a> as secretary of war ad interim on August 12, 1867, taking advantage of a loophole in the <a href="/wiki/Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)" title="Tenure of Office Act (1867)">Tenure of Office Act</a> created by the Senate being in recess.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> Another act was Johnson's subsequent firing of Generals <a href="/wiki/Philip_Sheridan" title="Philip Sheridan">Philip Sheridan</a> (who had been in charge of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>), which was soon followed by his firing of <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sickles" title="Daniel Sickles">Daniel Sickles</a> (who had been in charge of <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>) on August 12, 1867, which further contributed to Republican furor.<a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> Johnson had fired them against Grant's advice. Both Sheridan and Sickles had acted in their offices to protect policies extending <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil rights">civil rights</a> to African Americans.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> During an 1867 summer meeting, held in response to provocative actions taken by Johnson, more conservative Republicans were able to kill an effort by Radical Republicans to call for an October session of congress dealing with impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-Benedict-3">[3]</a> This effort, led by Radical Republican Representatives <a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Benjamin Butler</a>, and Thaddeus Stevens and Senators <a href="/wiki/Charles_D._Drake" title="Charles D. Drake">Charles D. Drake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a> would have ended the 1867 summer congressional recess. The promoters of this hoped that they could act against intrigue by Johnson and continue to push for his impeachment in the special session. However, Conservative Republicans, led by Representatives John Bingham and <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a> and Senators <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Trumbull" title="Lyman Trumbull">Lyman Trumbull</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_P._Fessenden" title="William P. Fessenden">William P. Fessenden</a> succeeded in blocking this effort.<a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> In October 1867, rumors had been published in newspapers that the committee's stance on impeachment had changed. The rumors were characterized as baseless by two of the three moderate Republicans that had previously voted against impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-CToct25-33">[33]</a> Rumors particularly focused on Churchill and Wilson as individuals that had changed their positions. These were fueled by pro-impeachment committee member William Lawrence claiming to the press that it was true that two non-specified members had switched their positions to now favor impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> However, on October 25, John C. Churchill released a statement in which he denied have shared with anyone anything that indicated that he had changed his mind.<a href="#cite_note-CToct25-33">[33]</a> On October 31, James F. Wilson denied rumors that he had written a correspondence declaring favor for sending an impeachment resolution to the full House. However, Wilson did not indicate his position.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Because the Judiciary Committee left its proceedings confidential, when Congress reconvened after the recess, most congressmen were still under the belief that the pending majority report would be against impeachment, just as the committee had previously sided in their earlier July vote.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judiciary_Committee_vote_in_favor_of_impeachment_(November_1867)">Judiciary Committee vote in favor of impeachment (November 1867)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Judiciary Committee vote in favor of impeachment (November 1867)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hon._John_C._Churchill,_N.Y_-_NARA_-_525511_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hon._John_C._Churchill%2C_N.Y_-_NARA_-_525511_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Hon._John_C._Churchill%2C_N.Y_-_NARA_-_525511_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hon._John_C._Churchill%2C_N.Y_-_NARA_-_525511_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Hon._John_C._Churchill%2C_N.Y_-_NARA_-_525511_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hon._John_C._Churchill%2C_N.Y_-_NARA_-_525511_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Hon._John_C._Churchill%2C_N.Y_-_NARA_-_525511_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_C._Churchill" title="John C. Churchill">John C. Churchill</a>'s change of vote moved the Judiciary Committee 5–4 in favor of impeachment</figcaption></figure> Despite having stated in October that he had given nobody any indication of a change of mind, in actuality, John C. Churchill had indeed changed his mind in favor of impeachment by the time Congress' recess ended in November. Consequentially, on November 25, 1867, the House Committee on the Judiciary voted in a 5–4 vote to recommend impeachment proceedings, and to submit its report to the House.<a href="#cite_note-househistory1-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> The majority approved a resolution which read, "Resolved, That Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, be impeached of high crimes and misdemeanors."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The minority on the committee that opposed impeachment had instead proposed ending the inquiry without an impeachment resolution by sending instead the House a resolution that would have read, "Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary be discharged from the further consideration of the proposed impeachment of the President of the United States, and that the subject be laid upon the table."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7" style="background:#f5f5f5">House Judiciary Committee vote on recommending impeachment and sending an impeachment resolution to the full House<a href="#cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th rowspan="2">November 25, 1867 </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Total votes </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th style="background:#b0ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th style="background:#ffb6b6;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; background:#F5F5F5">Yea <img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/14px-Black_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/21px-Black_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/28px-Black_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">5 </td> <td style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5">5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; style=">Nay </td> <td style="width: 7em;">2 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">2 </td> <td style="background:#F5F5F5">4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>Vote by member </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>District </th> <th>Member </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 7th congressional district">Massachusetts 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Boutwell, George S."><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_22nd_congressional_district" title="New York's 22nd congressional district">New York 22</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Churchill, John C."><a href="/wiki/John_C._Churchill" title="John C. Churchill">John C. Churchill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 4th congressional district">Wisconsin 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Edredge, Charles A."><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Eldredge" title="Charles A. Eldredge">Charles A. Eldredge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 4th congressional district">Ohio 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lawrence, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 11th congressional district">Illinois 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Marshall, Samuel S."><a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Marshall" title="Samuel S. Marshall">Samuel S. Marshall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 4th congressional district">Maryland 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Thomas, Francis"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Thomas" title="Francis Thomas">Francis Thomas</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_23rd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district">Pennsylvania 23</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Williams, Thomas"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 1st congressional district">Vermont 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Woodbridge, Frederick E."><a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._Woodbridge" title="Frederick E. Woodbridge">Frederick E. Woodbridge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">Iowa 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wilson, James F."><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr></tbody></table> After the committee vote became public, Churchill published a lengthy letter in <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> explaining the reason for his change of mind,<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> writing in part, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">The President in the exercise of his constitutional powers, by such changes of military commanders, or such withdrawal of troops from the reconstructed States, or such other acts as should destroy the confidence of loyalists and freedmen in prompt military protection in the exercise of their suffrage, at any time before the new State Governments shall have been established, and shall have set in operation a machinery of their own for the protection of their citizens, would make it impossible to carry a single Southern State in accordance with the views of a majority of Congress.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_reports">Committee reports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Committee reports">edit</a>]</div> The committee submitted three reports to the full House, a majority report and two dissenting minority reports.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Majority_report">Majority report</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Majority report">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TWilliams-PA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/TWilliams-PA.jpg/220px-TWilliams-PA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/TWilliams-PA.jpg/330px-TWilliams-PA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/TWilliams-PA.jpg/440px-TWilliams-PA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="623" data-file-height="689" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a> wrote the committee's majority report in favor of impeachment</figcaption></figure> The majority report in favor of impeachment was written by Radical Republican committee member Thomas Williams and listed seventeen instances in which he argued Johnson had reached the threshold of impeachment. The report wrote that the primary issue to fault Johnson with was, "the great salient point of accusation, standing out in the foreground, and challenging the attention of the country, is the usurpation of power, which involves, of course, a violation of law." He argued that Johnson had undermined Congress.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> The majority report was poorly written, with an unfocused and rambling style that undermined what valid points it made. <a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Weekly" title="Harper's Weekly">Harper's Weekly</a> opined that it did not, "inspire general confidence". The <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a>, which was sympathetic to the Radical Republican cause, even opined that the charges made in it were, "inferential and circumstantial". The New York Times believed that the report actually helped the president by debunking persistent rumors that he had been involved in the conspiracy to assassinate Lincoln.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> The report characterized Johnson as having undermined the United States Congress with the intent of empowering the former Southern rebels. In the Report, Williams wrote that Johnson had been acting in the interest of, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">The one great the purpose of reconstructing the shattered governments of the Rebel states in accordance with his own will, in the interests of the great criminals who carried them into the rebellion, and in such a way as to deprive the people of the loyal States of all chances of indemnity for the past or security for the future.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-majorityreport-38">[38]</a></blockquote> The report alleged that Johnson had acted in the interest of empowering the former Southern rebels, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">By pardoning their offenses, resorting lands, and bringing them back, their hearts unrepentant, and their hands yet red with the blood of our people, into a condition where they could once more embarrass and defy, if not absolutely rule the government in which they had vainly endeavored to destroy.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-majorityreport-38">[38]</a></blockquote> The report characterized the alleged intent of Johnson to empower the former Southern rebels in such a manner as being, "the great master-key which unlocks and interprets all of....[Johnson's] special acts of mal-administration."<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-majorityreport-38">[38]</a> The report levied the following seventeen charges against Johnson: <ol><li>That Johnson, "assuming it to be his duty to execute the constitutional guaranty," had worked to (without the consent of the legislature) provide new governments for the former <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate</a> states as he pleased, and sought, "to force them into the Union against the will of Congress and the people of the loyal States, by the authority and <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">patronage</a> of his high office."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had committed malfeasance by, <ol><li>Creating offices not provisioned for under the law, and appointing "men who were notoriously disqualified to take the test <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_office" title="Oath of office">oath</a>" to those offices without the <a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">advice and consent</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Acting, "in clear violation of law," by using funds belonging to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_War" title="United States Department of War">United States Department of War</a> to pay for the expenses of his own work and for <a href="/wiki/Salaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Salaries">salaries</a> (at rates he had decided upon) of the holders of aforementioned non-provisioned offices.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li></ol></li> <li>That Johnson had ordered those he appointed to positions that he created to appropriate government property and to levy taxes, "from the conquered people" to pay expenses related to their offices.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had "without equivalent" returned railroads and rolling stock that the Union Army had captured to their former Confederate stockholders and had, at great government expense, constructed and renovated Southern railroads.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had, <ol><li>"Without authority of law", sold the aforementioned railroad stockholders "at a private valuation, and on a long credit, without any security whatever" a large amount of rolling stock and machinery that had been purchased by and belonged to the United States government.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Following numerous <a href="/wiki/Default_(finance)" title="Default (finance)">defaults</a> by those he had sold this rolling stock and machinery to, helped to allow them to pay debt they owed to other creditors by postponing their debt due to the United States government.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Issued <a href="/wiki/Arrears" title="Arrears">arrears</a> of interest on a large amount of <a href="/wiki/Bond_(finance)" title="Bond (finance)">bonds</a> of the companies guaranteed by the State of <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>, which Johnson himself held a large amount of.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li></ol></li> <li>That Johnson had, <ol><li>Given back former Confederate owners large amounts of cotton and other property that had been seized by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Treasury" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Treasury">United States Treasury</a><a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Worked to pay back proceeds of actual sales of such property, "in utter contempt of the law" by directing the Treasury to make such payments and by directing the aggrieved parties to seek remedy in the Courts, thereby violating "the true meaning and spirit" of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">Constitutional</a> clause containing the language that, "no money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequences of appropriations made by law."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li></ol></li> <li>That Johnson had "to the great detriment of the public" abused his pardon powers by releasing "the most active and formidable" leaders of the Confederacy, and had sought to restore to them their property and means of influence in the hopes of receiving their assistance in furthering his policy. Also that, Johnson had also been "substantially delegating that power for the same objects to his provisional governors."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>The Johnson had abused his pardon powers in issuing the simultaneous full pardons of 193 deserters, and the restoring of their "justly forfeited claims" to arrears of pay from the Government, and that Johnson had done this without proper <a href="/wiki/Inquiry" title="Inquiry">inquiry</a> or sufficient <a href="/wiki/Evidence" title="Evidence">evidence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had, <ol><li>"Refused to enforce the laws passed by Congress for the suppression of the rebellion, and punishment of those who gave it comfort and support," in directing proceedings against delinquents and their property<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Completely "obstructed the course of public justice," by either prohibiting the start of such legal proceedings or (if they had already commenced) <a href="/wiki/Stay_of_proceedings" title="Stay of proceedings">staying</a> them indefinitely or ordering the absolute discontinuance of such proceedings.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li></ol></li> <li>That Johnson had, "further obstructed the course of public imprisonment" for <a href="/wiki/Clement_Claiborne_Clay" title="Clement Claiborne Clay">Clement Claiborne Clay</a> ("an important state prisoner"), had forbidden Clay's arrest in proceedings instituted against him for <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">treason</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy" title="Conspiracy">conspiracy</a> in the State of Alabama, and had ordered property that had been seized from Clay by a <a href="/wiki/United_States_district_attorney" class="mw-redirect" title="United States district attorney">United States district attorney</a> to be restored to him.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had abused his Constitutional appointment power by, <ol><li>Removing, "on system and to the great prejudice of public," a large number of "meritorious public officers" solely because they refused to support Johnson's claim that he had a right to reorganize and restore the former Confederate states on his own terms, and because they had instead favored honoring, "the jurisdiction and authority of Congress" on such matters.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Making <a href="/wiki/Recess_appointment" title="Recess appointment">recess appointments</a> of people that he had previously nominated for office, and whose previous nominations been rejected by the United States Senate.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li></ol></li> <li>That Johnson had, against the law, exercised powers to dispense by commissioning individuals who were "notoriously disqualified by their participation in the rebellion from taking the oath of office required by act of Congress" as revenue officers and to offices that had not been legislatively provided for, and had allowed them to take such offices and exercise their duties, and paid them salaries for their work.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had, in accordance with his public declaration that he, "would veto all measures whenever they came to him", systematically vetoed, "all important measures of Congress looking to the reorganization and restoration of rebel States." That he had done so with, "no other reasons than a determination to prevent the exercise of the undoubted power and jurisdiction of Congress over a question that was cognizable exclusively by them."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had, "brought the patronage of his office into conflict the with freedom of elections," by permitting and encouraging his official retainers to travel the nation, attending political convention and addressing crowds instead of performing the jobs they were receiving "high salaries" for.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had, "exerted all the influence of his position" to prevent the residents of the former Confederate states from accepting terms that Congress had offered them, and had "neutralized to a large extend the effects of the national victory by impressing them with the opinion that the Congress of the United States was bloodthirsty and implacable and that their only hope was in adhering to him."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>That Johnson had, <ol><li>Through his, "undue tenderness and transparent partiality" to Confederates caused widespread, "oppression and bloodshed".<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Encouraged New Orleans massacre of 1866 ("the murder of loyal citizens in New Orleans by a Confederate mob pretending to act as a police") through hireling correspondence with its leaders.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li> <li>Encouraged the New Orleans massacre of 1866 by denouncing "the exercise of the constitutional right of a political convention to assemble peacefully in that city" as being an act of treason for which violent suppression was justified</li> <li>Encouraged the New Orleans massacre of 1866 by commanding <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">the military</a> to assist in forcing the dispersal of those attending the convention, rather than preventing the forced dispersal of convention attendees.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li></ol></li> <li>That Johnson was, "guilty of acts calculated, if not intended, to subvert the Government of the United States by denying that the Thirty-ninth Congress was a constitutional body and fostering a spirit of disaffection and disobedience to the law and rebellion against its authority by endeavoring. in public speeches, to bring it to odium and contempt."<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Minority_reports">Minority reports</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Minority reports">edit</a>]</div> One minority report was agreed to by the two Democratic members (Marshall and Eldredge), while the other was agreed to by the two moderate Republicans that had voted against recommending impeachment (Woodbridge and Wilson).<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reports1-18">[18]</a> The Democratic minority report, was written by Marshall, and dissented from all criticism of Johnson.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reports1-18">[18]</a> The Republican minority report, written by Wilson, wrote that, while they were against impeachment, they believed Johnson, "deserves the censure and condemnation of every well-disposed citizen." It argued that the Congress should wait and let Americans remove Johnson from office in the <a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_presidential_election" title="1868 United States presidential election">1868 presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reports1-18">[18]</a> It declared that Johnson, "has disappointed the hopes and expectations of those who placed him in power. He had betrayed their confidence and joined hands with their enemies." However it also declared, "judge him politically, we must condemn him. But the day of political impeachments would be a sad one for this country.".<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> In the report, Wilson also wrote that, "political unfitness and incapacity must be tried at the ballot box, not in the high court of impeachment."<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reports1-18">[18]</a> The Republican minority report argued that impeachment required a criminal offense and that, in impeachment trials, the Senate acted as a court, "of special criminal jurisdiction," and therefore needed to follow legal forms. He argued that impeachment trials were not to be political procedures. Without evidence, he argued that judicial rules of evidence were required to be applied in Senate impeachment trials and that, in such trials, the Senate could only be able to try offenses, "known to the Constitution, or to the laws of the United States." Wilson made weak arguments in support of this, often using incomplete logic.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reports1-18">[18]</a> Wilson's Republican majority report also gave effective rebuttals of the factual charges issued in the majority report.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> While the majority report had found American precedents to support its position that impeachment did not require a legal crime to be committed, Wilson argued the practical considerations of this theory in the Republican minority report. He voiced concern that, if impeachment were entirely a political process, it might mean that a president could be impeached merely for policies that are unpopular with their opponents.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reporting_of_the_impeachment_resolution,_majority_and_minority_reports,_and_testimony_to_the_House">Reporting of the impeachment resolution, majority and minority reports, and testimony to the House</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Reporting of the impeachment resolution, majority and minority reports, and testimony to the House">edit</a>]</div> Later on November 25, 1867, on behalf of the committee, Boutwell submitted to the House the majority report and the impeachment resolution.<a href="#cite_note-Ross1-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-journal265–266-39">[39]</a> It was only then that those not on the committee learned that the committee had decided to support impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> The impeachment resolution reported by the committee simply read, "Resolved, That Andrew Johnson, President of the United States, be impeached of high crimes and misdemeanors."<a href="#cite_note-journal265–266-39">[39]</a> Boutwell then submitted to the House the testimony taken by the committee in its inquiry. After this, the minority reports were submitted by James F. Wilson and Samuel S. Marshall<a href="#cite_note-journal265–266-39">[39]</a> The House then approved a motion by Boutwell to have the reports printed together and to postpone further consideration of the subject of impeachment until December 4, 1867.<a href="#cite_note-journal265–266-39">[39]</a> It was only after the reports were published that those not on the committee on found out that the change of vote in the House Committee on the Judiciary was due to Churchill having changed his stance on impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="House_defeat_of_the_impeachment_resolution">House defeat of the impeachment resolution</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: House defeat of the impeachment resolution">edit</a>]</div> On December 5, 1867, the House brought the Committee on the Judiciary's impeachment recommendation to the floor for consideration, and discussion was thereafter held on the impeachment resolution reported by the Judiciary Committee, with George S. Boutwell presenting a case for impeachment and James F. Wilson presenting a case against it.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-journal42-41">[41]</a> While conservative Republicans were confident that they would defeat impeachment, Radical Republicans were confident that they could succeed in securing impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> However, in the Judiciary Committee's vote, two of the committee's seven Republican members (each being two of the committee's three moderate Republicans) had opposed impeachment. This underscored the reality that Republicans remained divided on whether Johnson had committed conduct worthy of impeachment, with many moderate Republicans still having little appetite for an impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a> At the time, there was a disagreement between Radical Republicans and conservative Republicans as to what constituted a "high crime and misdemeanor", which, along with <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">treason</a> and bribery constituted the sole grounds for which impeachment was allowed under the United States Constitution. Conservatives supported the theory put forth by the defense in a number of earlier federal impeachments that government officials only could be impeached for what constituted an indictable violation of <a href="/wiki/Criminal_law" title="Criminal law">criminal</a> <a href="/wiki/Statute" title="Statute">statutes</a> or <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a>. Their support for this theory at that time largely arose from fears for the institutional and political effects impeachment would have on the nation's stability. Radical Republicans, on the other hand, believed in a more broad view on what "high crimes and misdemeanors" encompassed, believing that the nation's framers had intended for "malfeasance, nonfeasance, and, in some cases, <a href="/wiki/Misfeasance" title="Misfeasance">misfeasance</a>," to be the subject of impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> They cited English precedents, earlier American impeachments, and a great consensus among most early nineteenth century American constitutional commentators to support this view. They also cited the views of the likes of early American legal scholars such as <a href="/wiki/William_Duer_(Continental_congressman)" title="William Duer (Continental congressman)">William Duer</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Kent_(jurist)" title="James Kent (jurist)">James Kent</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Rawle" title="William Rawle">William Rawle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Story" title="Joseph Story">Joseph Story</a>, as well as the authors of <a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="George_S._Boutwell's_argument_in_support_of_impeachment">George S. Boutwell's argument in support of impeachment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: George S. Boutwell's argument in support of impeachment">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Boutwell,_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait,_ca1870-1880.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/George_Boutwell%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait%2C_ca1870-1880.jpg/220px-George_Boutwell%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait%2C_ca1870-1880.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/George_Boutwell%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait%2C_ca1870-1880.jpg/330px-George_Boutwell%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait%2C_ca1870-1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/George_Boutwell%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait%2C_ca1870-1880.jpg/440px-George_Boutwell%2C_Brady-Handy_photo_portrait%2C_ca1870-1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="3568" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a> delivered the argument in favor of impeachment</figcaption></figure> The House Committee on the Judiciary's Radical Republicans selected, from their ranks, to have George S. Boutwell argue the case for impeachment to the house. He made a four-hour presentation, stretched over two legislative days (December 5 and 6, 1867), which historian <a href="/wiki/Michael_Les_Benedict" title="Michael Les Benedict">Michael Les Benedict</a> later described as, "the clearest, most eloquent, and most convincing argument for the liberal view of the impeachment power".<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> His speech largely focused on the question of whether the president's activities were legally impeachable.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> The speech lasted two hours.<a href="#cite_note-Domer1-42">[42]</a> Boutwell argued that there needed to be a broad interpretation of impeachment powers. He assailed the notion that impeachment required a clear violation of the law to be applied. Instead, citing British precedent and debates from the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Constitutional Convention</a>, he argued that impeachment was intended to be used in instances where public trust had been violated, and that impeachment was to be used when an officer refused to "faithfully execute" their office. He argued that America could not wait until the next presidential election to remove an unsuitable president.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> Boutwell argued that impeachment power, "is subject to no revision or control", but is rather solely to be guided by the judgement of the House of Representatives.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> Boutwell also argued that Johnson had committed flagrant misdeeds that approached criminality in his subversion of the law and refusal to uphold the law, and therefore his actions had been clearly impeachable.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> He cited Johnson's veto of the <a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Acts" title="Reconstruction Acts">Reconstruction Acts</a> which the congress had overwhelmingly passed.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> He cited Johnson's urging for southern states under federal control to refuse to ratify the <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> He also cited Johnson's creation of provisional governorships without authorization, and appointment of provisional governors that Boutwell claimed were ineligible to take official loyalty oaths due to their participation in the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederacy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> Citing these and other actions, Boutwell alleged that Johnsons actions were intended to return Confederates to power in the state and national governments against the judgement of Congress. Boutwell argued, "can there be any doubt as to his purpose, or doubt as to the criminality of his purpose and his respojnsibility under the Constitution?"<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> Boutwell also framed a portion of his argument around the notion that impeachment could stop Johnson from interfering in the southern states during the 1868 presidential election, citing specific concerns that Johnson could <a href="/wiki/Voter_suppression" title="Voter suppression">suppress</a> the vote of African Americans.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> Boutwell argued, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">"To this House is given under the Constitution the sole power of impeachment; and this power of impeachment furnishes the only means by which we can secure the execution of the laws, and those of our fellow-citizens who desire the administration of the law ought to sustain this House while it executes the great law which is in its hands and which is nowhere else, while it is performing a high and solemn duty resting upon it by which that man who has been the chief violator of the law shall be removed, and without which there can be no execution of the law anywhere. ... If we neglect or refuse to use our powers when the case arises demanding decisive action, the Government ceases to be a Government of laws and becomes a Government of men."<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="James_F._Wilson's_argument_against_impeachment">James F. Wilson's argument against impeachment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: James F. Wilson's argument against impeachment">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hon._James_F._Wilson,_Iowa_-_NARA_-_525622_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Hon._James_F._Wilson%2C_Iowa_-_NARA_-_525622_%281%29.jpg/220px-Hon._James_F._Wilson%2C_Iowa_-_NARA_-_525622_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Hon._James_F._Wilson%2C_Iowa_-_NARA_-_525622_%281%29.jpg/330px-Hon._James_F._Wilson%2C_Iowa_-_NARA_-_525622_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Hon._James_F._Wilson%2C_Iowa_-_NARA_-_525622_%281%29.jpg/440px-Hon._James_F._Wilson%2C_Iowa_-_NARA_-_525622_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="621" /></a><figcaption>House Committee on the Judiciary chairman <a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a> delivered the argument against impeachment</figcaption></figure> After Boutwell's presentation, James F. Wilson, chairman of the House Committee on the Judiciary took to the floor to argue against impeachment. Wilson argued that while Johnson was the "worst of presidents", his opposition to the positions of the Republican Party was not illegal. Wilson argued that, despite Boutwell's assertion that it did, the House did not have lone authority to determine what constitutes an "impeachable offense".<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> Wilson warned that a broad interpretation of impeachment powers, as Boutwell championed, in theory could allow the House to effectively dictate the policy of presidents.<a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> He spent half of his speech arguing that impeachment was only reserved for indictable crimes, and the other half attacking those who opposed this position.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> Wilson characterized the part of Boutwell's argument that had argued impeachment could stop Johnson from interfering in the southern states during the 1868 presidential election as Boutwell effectively arguing the House should be allowed to impeach Johnson for something he could do, rather than some thing he had done. Wilson argued, "this would lead us even beyond the conscience of this house."<a href="#cite_note-Stathis-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a> Wilson also argued that much of Boutwell's argument was inconsistent with the majority committee report. Indeed, Boutwell's speech had a number of inconsistencies with the case made in the majority report. Boutwell's speech, at one point, had dismissed English precedents as irrelevant to impeachment under the United States constitution, despite the fact that the majority report cited English precedents. Boutwell had also argued against the minority's stance by characterizing their view as one under which an officer who committed murder in such a manner that they would be outside of United States court jurisdiction would be immune to impeachment. However, the majority report had explicitly stated a belief that murder would not be an impeachable offense, as it would not directly relate to officeholding. Michael Les Benedict has opined, "Wilson's blunt analysis of the inconstancies between Boutwell's brilliant speech and William's mediocre report did tremendous damage to the impeachers' case."<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Domer1-42">[42]</a> In his closing remarks Wilson asked, "if we cannot <a href="/wiki/Arraign" class="mw-redirect" title="Arraign">arraign</a> the president for a specific crime, for what are we to proceed against him?...If we cannot state upon paper a specific crime, how are we to carry this case to the Senate for a trial?"<a href="#cite_note-Stathis-9">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_vote_on_the_impeachment_resolution">House vote on the impeachment resolution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: House vote on the impeachment resolution">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Johnson_1867_impeachment_vote_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Andrew_Johnson_1867_impeachment_vote_%281%29.jpg/220px-Andrew_Johnson_1867_impeachment_vote_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="398" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Andrew_Johnson_1867_impeachment_vote_%281%29.jpg/330px-Andrew_Johnson_1867_impeachment_vote_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Andrew_Johnson_1867_impeachment_vote_%281%29.jpg/440px-Andrew_Johnson_1867_impeachment_vote_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="813" /></a><figcaption>A copy of a record recording the vote</figcaption></figure> After finishing his speech on December 6, 1867, Wilson motioned to <a href="/wiki/Table_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Table (parliamentary procedure)">lay the resolution on the table</a>.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Domer1-42">[42]</a> This motion angered the many Radical Republicans that had prepared speeches of their own on the question of impeachment and felt that a successful motion to table would allow Republicans to evade the question of impeachment, going without a direct vote on the matter. Several Radical Republicans <a href="/wiki/Filibuster" title="Filibuster">filibustered</a> the motion. On December 7, 1867, Radical Republicans reached a <a href="/wiki/Quid_pro_quo" title="Quid pro quo">quid pro quo</a> agreement with Wilson in which they would end their filibuster and he would withdraw his motion to table the resolution in return for the House proceeding immediately to a vote on the resolution, rather than allowing further debate.<a href="#cite_note-Domer1-42">[42]</a> As a result of this, general debate was not permitted on the resolution before it was voted on, with debate instead being limited to the speeches that had been delivered by Boutwell and Wilson.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Domer1-42">[42]</a> On December 7 the House voted against impeachment by a margin of 57–108, with 66 Republicans, 39 Democrats, and one member congressmen of other party affiliations voting against impeachment; and with all votes for impeachment coming from Republicans.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-December1867-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-vote-43">[43]</a> 22 members of congress were absent (17 Republicans, 4 Democrats, and 1 <a href="/wiki/Independent_Republican_(United_States)" title="Independent Republican (United States)">independent Republican</a>). <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax</a> (a Republican) did not vote,<a href="#cite_note-vote-43">[43]</a> as House rules do not require the speaker to vote during ordinary legislative proceedings, unless their vote would be decisive or if the vote is being cast by ballot.<a href="#cite_note-rule1-12">[12]</a> One motivating factor for Republicans' decision to vote against impeachment may have been the successes Democrats had in the 1867 elections. In Connecticut's April 1 election, Democrats had <a href="/wiki/1867_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Connecticut gubernatorial election">won the governorship</a> and three of the state's four House seats, marking the Republican Party's first losses in a Northern state since 1864. As the year went on, the Democratic party would enjoy several other successes, including winning control of the <a href="/wiki/Ohio_General_Assembly" title="Ohio General Assembly">Ohio General Assembly</a> (which would give the party choice over who the state would send to the senate <a href="/wiki/1868%E2%80%9369_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1868–69 United States Senate elections">in 1869</a>). In addition to this Democratic partisan electoral successes, it was also alarming to Republicans that Connecticut, Minnesota, New York, and Ohio all rejected propositions to grant African Americans <a href="/wiki/Suffrage" title="Suffrage">suffrage</a> by large margins.<a href="#cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> In 1867, Republicans only improved upon their 1866 election performances in the states of Michigan and Kentucky. The remaining eighteen states that held elections saw Republicans lose sizable ground over the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> Republicans were particularly concerned at the fact that their party had only managed a very narrow margin-of-victory in the <a href="/wiki/1867_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Ohio gubernatorial election">1867 Ohio gubernatorial election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> Michael Les Benedict has suggested that as a result of poor 1867 election results, within the Republican caucus, "the centrists, who might have favored impeachment had the elections demonstrated radical strength," were left, "divided, most of them opposing impeachment."<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> Michael Les Benedict's analysis shows correlation between congressmen's votes in this impeachment vote and voting records in the 40th Congress votes on the matter of currency expansion, as well as voting records on Reconstruction issues during the 39th Congress.<a href="#cite_note-benedict1-36">[36]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7" style="background:#f5f5f5">House vote on the impeachment resolution<a href="#cite_note-vote-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th rowspan="2">December 7, 1867 </th> <th colspan="5">Party </th> <th rowspan="2">Total votes </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th style="background:#b0ceff;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th style="background:#ffb6b6;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th>Conservatives </th> <th>Conservative Republicans </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Independent_Republican_(United_States)" title="Independent Republican (United States)">Independent Republicans</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; background:#F5F5F5">Yea </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">57 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">0 </td> <td style="width: 7em; background:#F5F5F5">57 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10em; style=">Nay <img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/14px-Black_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/21px-Black_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Black_check.svg/28px-Black_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" />Y </td> <td style="width: 7em;">39 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">66 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">1 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">1 </td> <td style="width: 7em;">1 </td> <td style="background:#F5F5F5">108 </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238864702"> <table class="bar-chart"> <caption>Comparative bar chart </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" class="bar-chart-label-type">Vote </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 25em">Vote total </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">"Yea" votes </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 25em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:13.2em;"></div>57</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">"Nay" votes </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 25em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:25em;"></div>108</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Absent/not voting </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 25em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:5.3em;"></div>23</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>Vote by member<a href="#cite_note-vote-43">[43]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>District </th> <th>Member </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Vote </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 8th congressional district">Kentucky 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Adams, George Madison"><a href="/wiki/George_Madison_Adams" title="George Madison Adams">George Madison Adams</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 3rd congressional district">Iowa 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Allison, William B."><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">William B. Allison</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district">Massachusetts 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ames, Okes"><a href="/wiki/Oakes_Ames" title="Oakes Ames">Oakes Ames</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 9th congressional district">Missouri 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Anderson, George Washington"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Anderson" title="George Washington Anderson">George Washington Anderson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 2nd congressional district">Maryland 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Archer, Stevenson"><a href="/wiki/Stevenson_Archer_(1827%E2%80%931898)" title="Stevenson Archer (1827–1898)">Stevenson Archer</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 6th congressional district">Tennessee 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Arnell, Samuel Mayes"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Mayes_Arnell" title="Samuel Mayes Arnell">Samuel Mayes Arnell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nevada%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Nevada's at-large congressional district">Nevada at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ashley, Delos R."><a href="/wiki/Delos_R._Ashley" title="Delos R. Ashley">Delos R. Ashley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 10th congressional district">Ohio 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ashley, James Mitchell"><a href="/wiki/James_Mitchell_Ashley" title="James Mitchell Ashley">James Mitchell Ashley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/California%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="California's 1st congressional district">California 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Axtell, Samuel Beach"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beach_Axtell" title="Samuel Beach Axtell">Samuel Beach Axtell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_21st_congressional_district" title="New York's 21st congressional district">New York 21</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bailey, Alexander H."><a href="/wiki/Alexander_H._Bailey" title="Alexander H. Bailey">Alexander H. Bailey</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 12th congressional district">Illinois 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Baker, Jehu"><a href="/wiki/Jehu_Baker" title="Jehu Baker">Jehu Baker</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 8th congressional district">Massachusetts 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Baldwin, John Denison"><a href="/wiki/John_Denison_Baldwin" class="mw-redirect" title="John Denison Baldwin">John Denison Baldwin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 6th congressional district">Massachusetts 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Banks, Nathaniel P."><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Nathaniel P. Banks</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="New York's 2nd congressional district">New York 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Barnes, Demas"><a href="/wiki/Demas_Barnes" title="Demas Barnes">Demas Barnes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 4th congressional district">Connecticut 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Barnum, William Henry"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Barnum" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Barnum">William Henry Barnum</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 1st congressional district">Michigan 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Beaman, Fermando C."><a href="/wiki/Fernando_C._Beaman" title="Fernando C. Beaman">Fernando C. Beaman</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 7th congressional district">Kentucky 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Beck, James B."><a href="/wiki/James_B._Beck" title="James B. Beck">James B. Beck</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 8th congressional district">Missouri 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Benjamin, John F."><a href="/wiki/John_F._Benjamin" title="John F. Benjamin">John F. Benjamin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district">New Hampshire 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Benton, Jacob"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Benton" title="Jacob Benton">Jacob Benton</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 16th congressional district">Ohio 16</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bingham, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Bingham" title="John Bingham">John Bingham</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maine's 3rd congressional district">Maine 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Blaine, James G."><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">James G. Blaine</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 3rd congressional district">Michigan 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Blair, Austin"><a href="/wiki/Austin_Blair" title="Austin Blair">Austin Blair</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 7th congressional district">Massachusetts 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Boutwell, George S."><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district">Pennsylvania 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Boyer, Benjamin Markley"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Markley_Boyer" title="Benjamin Markley Boyer">Benjamin Markley Boyer</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 7th congressional district">Illinois 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Bromwell, Henry P. H."><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._H._Bromwell" title="Henry P. H. Bromwell">Henry P. H. Bromwell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="New York's 8th congressional district">New York 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Brooks, James"><a href="/wiki/James_Brooks_(politician)" title="James Brooks (politician)">James Brooks</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district">Pennsylvania 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Broomall, John Martin"><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_Broomall" class="mw-redirect" title="John Martin Broomall">John Martin Broomall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 9th congressional district">Ohio 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Buckland, Ralph Pomeroy"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Pomeroy_Buckland" title="Ralph Pomeroy Buckland">Ralph Pomeroy Buckland</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 10th congressional district">Illinois 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Burr, Albert G."><a href="/wiki/Albert_G._Burr" title="Albert G. Burr">Albert G. Burr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 5th congressional district">Massachusetts 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Butler, Benjamin"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Benjamin Butler</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district">Pennsylvania 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cake, Henry L."><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Cake" title="Henry L. Cake">Henry L. Cake</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 2nd congressional district">Ohio 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cary, Samuel Fenton"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Fenton_Cary" title="Samuel Fenton Cary">Samuel Fenton Cary</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#CC6666"> </td> <td>Independent Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="New York's 7th congressional district">New York 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Chanler, John Winthrop"><a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop_Chanler" title="John Winthrop Chanler">John Winthrop Chanler</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_22nd_congressional_district" title="New York's 22nd congressional district">New York 22</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Churchill, John C."><a href="/wiki/John_C._Churchill" title="John C. Churchill">John C. Churchill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 6th congressional district">Ohio 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Clarke, Reader W."><a href="/wiki/Reader_W._Clarke" title="Reader W. Clarke">Reader W. Clarke</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kansas%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Kansas's at-large congressional district">Kansas at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Clarke, Sidney"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Clarke" title="Sidney Clarke">Sidney Clarke</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district">Wisconsin 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cobb, Amasa"><a href="/wiki/Amasa_Cobb" title="Amasa Cobb">Amasa Cobb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 6th congressional district">Indiana 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Coburn, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Coburn_(Indiana_politician)" title="John Coburn (Indiana politician)">John Coburn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 9th congressional district">Indiana 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Colfax, Schuyler"><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Did not vote (<a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">speaker</a>)<a href="#endnote_Alpha">α</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 6th congressional district">Illinois 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cook, Burton C."><a href="/wiki/Burton_C._Cook" title="Burton C. Cook">Burton C. Cook</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="New York's 13th congressional district">New York 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cornell, Thomas"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cornell_(politician)" title="Thomas Cornell (politician)">Thomas Cornell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_21st_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district">Pennsylvania 21</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Covode, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Covode" title="John Covode">John Covode</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 8th congressional district">Illinois 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Cullom, Shelby Moore"><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Moore_Cullom" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelby Moore Cullom">Shelby Moore Cullom</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 10th congressional district">Massachusetts 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dawes, Henry L."><a href="/wiki/Henry_L._Dawes" title="Henry L. Dawes">Henry L. Dawes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district">Rhode Island 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dixon, Nathan F. II"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_F._Dixon_II" title="Nathan F. Dixon II">Nathan F. Dixon II</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 5th congressional district">Iowa 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Dodge, Grenville M."><a href="/wiki/Grenville_M._Dodge" title="Grenville M. Dodge">Grenville M. Dodge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Minnesota's 2nd congressional district">Minnesota 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Donnelly, Ignatius L."><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_L._Donnelly" title="Ignatius L. Donnelly">Ignatius L. Donnelly</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 6th congressional district">Michigan 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Driggs, John F."><a href="/wiki/John_F._Driggs" title="John F. Driggs">John F. Driggs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 17th congressional district">Ohio 17</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Eckley, Ephraim R."><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_R._Eckley" title="Ephraim R. Eckley">Ephraim R. Eckley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 1st congressional district">Ohio 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Eglleston, Benjamin"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Eggleston" title="Benjamin Eggleston">Benjamin Eggleston</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="New Hampshire's 1st congressional district">New Hampshire 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ela, Jacob Hart"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Hart_Ela" title="Jacob Hart Ela">Jacob Hart Ela</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 4th congressional district">Wisconsin 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Eldredge, Charles A."><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Eldredge" title="Charles A. Eldredge">Charles A. Eldredge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 1st congressional district">Massachusetts 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Eliot, Thomas D."><a href="/wiki/Thomas_D._Eliot" title="Thomas D. Eliot">Thomas D. Eliot</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 2nd congressional district">Illinois 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Farnsworth, John F."><a href="/wiki/John_F._Farnsworth" title="John F. Farnsworth">John F. Farnsworth</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="New York's 16th congressional district">New York 16</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ferriss, Orange"><a href="/wiki/Orange_Ferriss" title="Orange Ferriss">Orange Ferriss</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 4th congressional district">Michigan 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ferry, Thomas W."><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Ferry" title="Thomas W. Ferry">Thomas W. Ferry</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="New York's 19th congressional district">New York 19</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Fields, William C."><a href="/wiki/William_C._Fields" title="William C. Fields">William C. Fields</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_20th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district">Pennsylvania 20</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Finney, Darwin Abel"><a href="/wiki/Darwin_Abel_Finney" class="mw-redirect" title="Darwin Abel Finney">Darwin Abel Finney</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="New York's 4th congressional district">New York 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Fox, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Fox_(congressman)" title="John Fox (congressman)">John Fox</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 19th congressional district">Ohio 19</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Garfield, James A."><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district">Pennsylvania 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Getz, James Lawrence"><a href="/wiki/James_Lawrence_Getz" title="James Lawrence Getz">James Lawrence Getz</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district">Pennsylvania 15</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Glossbrenner, Adam John"><a href="/wiki/Adam_John_Glossbrenner" title="Adam John Glossbrenner">Adam John Glossbrenner</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 3rd congressional district">Kentucky 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Golladay, Jacob"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Golladay" title="Jacob Golladay">Jacob Golladay</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 4th congressional district">Missouri 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Gravely, Joseph J."><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J._Gravely" title="Joseph J. Gravely">Joseph J. Gravely</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="New York's 15th congressional district">New York 15</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Griswold, John Augustus"><a href="/wiki/John_Augustus_Griswold" title="John Augustus Griswold">John Augustus Griswold</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 5th congressional district">Kentucky 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Grover, Asa"><a href="/wiki/Asa_Grover" title="Asa Grover">Asa Grover</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 2nd congressional district">New Jersey 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Haight, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Haight" title="Charles Haight">Charles Haight</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 5th congressional district">New Jersey 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Halsey, George A."><a href="/wiki/George_A._Halsey" title="George A. Halsey">George A. Halsey</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 8th congressional district">Ohio 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hamilton, Cornelius S."><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_S._Hamilton" title="Cornelius S. Hamilton">Cornelius S. Hamilton</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 4th congressional district">Illinois 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Harding, Abner C."><a href="/wiki/Abner_C._Harding" title="Abner C. Harding">Abner C. Harding</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 7th congressional district">Tennessee 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hawkins, Isaac Roberts"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Roberts_Hawkins" title="Isaac Roberts Hawkins">Isaac Roberts Hawkins</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/California%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="California's 2nd congressional district">California 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Higby, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Higby" title="William Higby">William Higby</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 4th congressional district">New Jersey 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hill, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Hill_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="John Hill (New Jersey politician)">John Hill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 4th congressional district">Indiana 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Holman, William S."><a href="/wiki/William_S._Holman" title="William S. Holman">William S. Holman</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 4th congressional district">Massachusetts 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hooper, Samuel"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hooper" title="Samuel Hooper">Samuel Hooper</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district">Wisconsin 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hopkins, Benjamin F."><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Hopkins" title="Benjamin F. Hopkins">Benjamin F. Hopkins</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 2nd congressional district">Connecticut 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hotchkiss, Julius"><a href="/wiki/Julius_Hotchkiss" title="Julius Hotchkiss">Julius Hotchkiss</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 6th congressional district">Iowa 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbard, Asahel W."><a href="/wiki/Asahel_W._Hubbard" title="Asahel W. Hubbard">Asahel W. Hubbard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="West Virginia's 1st congressional district">West Virginia 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbard Chester D.."><a href="/wiki/Chester_D._Hubbard" title="Chester D. Hubbard">Chester D. Hubbard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 1st congressional district">Connecticut 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hubbard, Richard D."><a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Hubbard" title="Richard D. Hubbard">Richard D. Hubbard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="New York's 17th congressional district">New York 17</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hulburd, Calvin T."><a href="/wiki/Calvin_T._Hulburd" title="Calvin T. Hulburd">Calvin T. Hulburd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_30th_congressional_district" title="New York's 30th congressional district">New York 30</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Humphrey, James M."><a href="/wiki/James_M._Humphrey" title="James M. Humphrey">James M. Humphrey</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 3rd congressional district">Indiana 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Hunter, Morton C."><a href="/wiki/Morton_C._Hunter" title="Morton C. Hunter">Morton C. Hunter</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 5th congressional district">Illinois 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ingersoll, Ebnon C."><a href="/wiki/Ebon_C._Ingersoll" title="Ebon C. Ingersoll">Ebon C. Ingersoll</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Rhode Island's 1st congressional district">Rhode Island 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Jenckes, Thomas"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jenckes" title="Thomas Jenckes">Thomas Jenckes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/California%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="California's 3rd congressional district">California 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Johnson, James A."><a href="/wiki/James_A._Johnson_(California_politician)" title="James A. Johnson (California politician)">James A. Johnson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 6th congressional district">Kentucky 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Jones, Thomas Laurens"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Laurens_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Laurens Jones">Thomas Laurens Jones</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 1st congressional district">Illinois 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Judd, Norman B."><a href="/wiki/Norman_B._Judd" title="Norman B. Judd">Norman B. Judd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 5th congressional district">Indiana 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Julian, George Washington"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Julian" class="mw-redirect" title="George Washington Julian">George Washington Julian</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district">Pennsylvania 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kelley, William D."><a href="/wiki/William_D._Kelley" title="William D. Kelley">William D. Kelley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_25th_congressional_district" title="New York's 25th congressional district">New York 25</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kelsey, William H."><a href="/wiki/William_H._Kelsey" title="William H. Kelsey">William H. Kelsey</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 2nd congressional district">Indiana 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kerr, Michael C."><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Kerr" title="Michael C. Kerr">Michael C. Kerr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="New York's 12th congressional district">New York 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ketcham, John H."><a href="/wiki/John_H._Ketcham" title="John H. Ketcham">John H. Ketcham</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="West Virginia's 2nd congressional district">West Virginia 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Kitchen, Bethuel"><a href="/wiki/Bethuel_Kitchen" title="Bethuel Kitchen">Bethuel Kitchen</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kentucky%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Kentucky's 4th congressional district">Kentucky 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Knott, J. Proctor"><a href="/wiki/J._Proctor_Knott" title="J. Proctor Knott">J. Proctor Knott</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_16th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district">Pennsylvania 16</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Koontz, William Henry"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Koontz" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Koontz">William Henry Koontz</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_20th_congressional_district" title="New York's 20th congressional district">New York 20</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Laflin, Addison"><a href="/wiki/Addison_H._Laflin" title="Addison H. Laflin">Addison H. Laflin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_24th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district">Pennsylvania 24</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lawrence, George Van Eman"><a href="/wiki/George_Van_Eman_Lawrence" class="mw-redirect" title="George Van Eman Lawrence">George Van Eman Lawrence</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 4th congressional district">Ohio 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lawrence, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_(Ohio_Republican)" title="William Lawrence (Ohio Republican)">William Lawrence</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 7th congressional district">Missouri 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Loan, Benjamin F."><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Loan" title="Benjamin F. Loan">Benjamin F. Loan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_26th_congressional_district" title="New York's 26th congressional district">New York 26</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lincoln, William S."><a href="/wiki/William_S._Lincoln" title="William S. Lincoln">William S. Lincoln</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Illinois's at-large congressional district">Illinois at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Logan, John A."><a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">John A. Logan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 4th congressional district">Iowa 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Loughridge, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Loughridge" title="William Loughridge">William Loughridge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Maine's 1st congressional district">Maine 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Lynch, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Lynch_(Maine_politician)" title="John Lynch (Maine politician)">John Lynch</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oregon%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Oregon's at-large congressional district">Oregon at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Mallory, Rufus"><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Mallory" title="Rufus Mallory">Rufus Mallory</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 11th congressional district">Illinois 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Marshall, Samuel S."><a href="/wiki/Samuel_S._Marshall" title="Samuel S. Marshall">Samuel S. Marshall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="New York's 18th congressional district">New York 18</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Marvin, James M."><a href="/wiki/James_M._Marvin" title="James M. Marvin">James M. Marvin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 2nd congressional district">Tennessee 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Maynard, Horance"><a href="/wiki/Horace_Maynard" title="Horace Maynard">Horace Maynard</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_23rd_congressional_district" title="New York's 23rd congressional district">New York 23</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McCarthy, Dennis"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_McCarthy_(New_York_politician)" title="Dennis McCarthy (New York politician)">Dennis McCarthy</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 5th congressional district">Missouri 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McClurg, Joseph W."><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._McClurg" title="Joseph W. McClurg">Joseph W. McClurg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 1st congressional district">Maryland 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="McCullough, Hiram"><a href="/wiki/Hiram_McCullough" title="Hiram McCullough">Hiram McCullough</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district">Pennsylvania 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Mercur"><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_Mercur" title="Ulysses Mercur">Ulysses Mercur</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district">Pennsylvania 14</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Miller, George Funston"><a href="/wiki/George_Funston_Miller" title="George Funston Miller">George Funston Miller</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 1st congressional district">New Jersey 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Moore, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Moore_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="William Moore (New Jersey politician)">William Moore</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_22nd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district">Pennsylvania 22</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Moorhead, James K."><a href="/wiki/James_K._Moorhead" title="James K. Moorhead">James K. Moorhead</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 13th congressional district">Ohio 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Morgan, George W."><a href="/wiki/George_W._Morgan" title="George W. Morgan">George W. Morgan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_17th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district">Pennsylvania 17</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Morrell, Daniel Johnson"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Johnson_Morrell" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Johnson Morrell">Daniel Johnson Morrell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="New York's 5th congressional district">New York 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Morrissey, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Morrissey" title="John Morrissey">John Morrissey</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 4th congressional district">Tennessee 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Mullins, James"><a href="/wiki/James_Mullins_(American_politician)" title="James Mullins (American politician)">James Mullins</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 5th congressional district">Ohio 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Mungen, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Mungen" title="William Mungen">William Mungen</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district">Pennsylvania 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Myers, Leonard"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Myers_(politician)" title="Leonard Myers (politician)">Leonard Myers</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 2nd congressional district">Missouri 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Newcomb, Carman A."><a href="/wiki/Carman_A._Newcomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Carman A. Newcomb">Carman A. Newcomb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 1st congressional district">Indiana 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Niblack, William E."><a href="/wiki/William_E._Niblack" title="William E. Niblack">William E. Niblack</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Delaware%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Delaware's at-large congressional district">Delaware at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Nicholson, John A."><a href="/wiki/John_A._Nicholson" title="John A. Nicholson">John A. Nicholson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 8th congressional district">Tennessee 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Nunn, David Alexander"><a href="/wiki/David_Alexander_Nunn" class="mw-redirect" title="David Alexander Nunn">David Alexander Nunn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district">Pennsylvania 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="O'Neill, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_O%27Neill_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Charles O'Neill (Pennsylvania politician)">Charles O'Neill</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 8th congressional district">Indiana 8</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Orth, Godlove Stein"><a href="/wiki/Godlove_Stein_Orth" class="mw-redirect" title="Godlove Stein Orth">Godlove Stein Orth</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 1st congressional district">Wisconsin 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Paine, Halbert E."><a href="/wiki/Halbert_E._Paine" title="Halbert E. Paine">Halbert E. Paine</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Maine's 2nd congressional district">Maine 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Perham, Sidney"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Perham" title="Sidney Perham">Sidney Perham</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Maine's 4th congressional district">Maine 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Peters, John A.."><a href="/wiki/John_A._Peters_(1822%E2%80%931904)" title="John A. Peters (1822–1904)">John A. Peters</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 3rd congressional district">Maryland 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Phelps, Charles E."><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Phelps" title="Charles E. Phelps">Charles E. Phelps</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>Conservative </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maine%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Maine's 5th congressional district">Maine 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Pike, Frederick Augustus"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_Pike" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Augustus Pike">Frederick Augustus Pike</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 1st congressional district">Missouri 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Pile, William A."><a href="/wiki/William_A._Pile" title="William A. Pile">William A. Pile</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_15th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 15th congressional district">Ohio 15</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Plants, Tobais A."><a href="/wiki/Tobias_A._Plants" title="Tobias A. Plants">Tobias A. Plants</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 2nd congressional district">Vermont 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Poland, Luke P."><a href="/wiki/Luke_P._Poland" title="Luke P. Poland">Luke P. Poland</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="West Virginia's 3rd congressional district">West Virginia 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Polsley, Daniel"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Polsley" title="Daniel Polsley">Daniel Polsley</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_24th_congressional_district" title="New York's 24th congressional district">New York 24</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Pomeroy, Theodore M."><a href="/wiki/Theodore_M._Pomeroy" title="Theodore M. Pomeroy">Theodore M. Pomeroy</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">Iowa 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Price, Hiram"><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Hiram Price</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="New York's 14th congressional district">New York 14</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Pruyn, John V. L."><a href="/wiki/John_V._L._Pruyn" title="John V. L. Pruyn">John V. L. Pruyn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district">Pennsylvania 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Randall, Samuel J."><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall" title="Samuel J. Randall">Samuel J. Randall</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 13th congressional district">Illinois 13</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Raum, Green Berry"><a href="/wiki/Green_Berry_Raum" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Berry Raum">Green Berry Raum</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="New York's 10th congressional district">New York 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Robertson, William"><a href="/wiki/William_H._Robertson" title="William H. Robertson">William H. Robertson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="New York's 3rd congressional district">New York 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Robinson, William Erigena"><a href="/wiki/William_Erigena_Robinson" title="William Erigena Robinson">William Erigena Robinson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 9th congressional district">Illinois 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ross, Lewis W."><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Winans_Ross" title="Lewis Winans Ross">Lewis Winans Ross</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 5th congressional district">Wisconsin 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Sawyer, Philetus"><a href="/wiki/Philetus_Sawyer" title="Philetus Sawyer">Philetus Sawyer</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 3rd congressional district">Ohio 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Scnenck, Robert C."><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Schenck" title="Robert C. Schenck">Robert C. Schenck</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district">Pennsylvania 19</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Scofield, Glenni William"><a href="/wiki/Glenni_William_Scofield" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenni William Scofield">Glenni William Scofield</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_28th_congressional_district" title="New York's 28th congressional district">New York 28</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Selye, Lewis"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Selye" title="Lewis Selye">Lewis Selye</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#CC6666"> </td> <td>Independent Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 11th congressional district">Indiana 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="John, P. C. Shanks"><a href="/wiki/John_P._C._Shanks" title="John P. C. Shanks">John P. C. Shanks</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 7th congressional district">Ohio 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Shellabarger, Samuel"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Shellabarger_(congressman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Shellabarger (congressman)">Samuel Shellabarger</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 3rd congressional district">New Jersey 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Sitgreaves, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sitgreaves" title="Charles Sitgreaves">Charles Sitgreaves</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 3rd congressional district">Vermont 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Smith, Worthington Curtis"><a href="/wiki/Worthington_Curtis_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Worthington Curtis Smith">Worthington Curtis Smith</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 18th congressional district">Ohio 18</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Spalding, Rufus P."><a href="/wiki/Rufus_P._Spalding" title="Rufus P. Spalding">Rufus P. Spalding</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Connecticut%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Connecticut's 3rd congressional district">Connecticut 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Starkweather, Henry H."><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Starkweather" title="Henry H. Starkweather">Henry H. Starkweather</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district">New Hampshire 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stevens, Aaron Fletcher"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Fletcher_Stevens" title="Aaron Fletcher Stevens">Aaron Fletcher Stevens</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district">Pennsylvania 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stevens, Thaddeus"><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Stevens" title="Thaddeus Stevens">Thaddeus Stevens</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="New York's 6th congressional district">New York 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stewart, Thomas E."><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Stewart" title="Thomas E. Stewart">Thomas E. Stewart</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#CC6666"> </td> <td>Conservative Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 3rd congressional district">Tennessee 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stokes, William Brickly"><a href="/wiki/William_Brickly_Stokes" class="mw-redirect" title="William Brickly Stokes">William Brickly Stokes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 5th congressional district">Maryland 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Stone, Frederick"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Stone" title="Frederick Stone">Frederick Stone</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="New York's 1st congressional district">New York 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Taber, Stephen"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Taber" title="Stephen Taber">Stephen Taber</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nebraska%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Nebraska's at-large congressional district">Nebraska at-large</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Taffe, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Taffe" title="John Taffe">John Taffe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district">Pennsylvania 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Taylor, Caleb Newbold"><a href="/wiki/Caleb_Newbold_Taylor" class="mw-redirect" title="Caleb Newbold Taylor">Caleb Newbold Taylor</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 4th congressional district">Maryland 4</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Thomas, Francis"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Thomas" title="Francis Thomas">Francis Thomas</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 5th congressional district">Tennessee 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Trimble, John"><a href="/wiki/John_Trimble_(politician)" title="John Trimble (politician)">John Trimble</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 5th congressional district">Michigan 5</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Trowbridge, Rowland E."><a href="/wiki/Rowland_E._Trowbridge" title="Rowland E. Trowbridge">Rowland E. Trowbridge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district">Massachusetts 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Twichell, Ginery"><a href="/wiki/Ginery_Twichell" title="Ginery Twichell">Ginery Twichell</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michigan%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Michigan's 2nd congressional district">Michigan 2</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Upson, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Upson" title="Charles Upson">Charles Upson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_31st_congressional_district" title="New York's 31st congressional district">New York 31</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Aernam, Henry"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Van_Aernam" title="Henry Van Aernam">Henry Van Aernam</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district">Pennsylvania 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Auken, Daniel Myers"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Myers_Van_Auken" title="Daniel Myers Van Auken">Daniel Myers Van Auken</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_29th_congressional_district" title="New York's 29th congressional district">New York 29</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Horn, Burt"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Van_Horn" title="Burt Van Horn">Burt Van Horn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Missouri%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Missouri's 6th congressional district">Missouri 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Horn, Robert T."><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Van_Horn" title="Robert T. Van Horn">Robert T. Van Horn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 12th congressional district">Ohio 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Trump, Philadelph"><a href="/wiki/Philadelph_Van_Trump" title="Philadelph Van Trump">Philadelph Van Trump</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="New York's 11th congressional district">New York 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Van Wyck, Charles"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Van_Wyck" title="Charles Van Wyck">Charles Van Wyck</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_27th_congressional_district" title="New York's 27th congressional district">New York 27</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Ward, Hamilton"><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Ward_Sr." title="Hamilton Ward Sr.">Hamilton Ward</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Wisconsin's 6th congressional district">Wisconsin 6</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Washburn, Cadwallader C."><a href="/wiki/Cadwallader_C._Washburn" title="Cadwallader C. Washburn">Cadwallader C. Washburn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 7th congressional district">Indiana 7</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Washburn, Henry D."><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Washburn" title="Henry D. Washburn">Henry D. Washburn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 9th congressional district">Massachusetts 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Washburn, William B."><a href="/wiki/William_B._Washburn" title="William B. Washburn">William B. Washburn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Illinois%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Illinois's 3rd congressional district">Illinois 3</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Washburne, Elihu B."><a href="/wiki/Elihu_B._Washburne" title="Elihu B. Washburne">Elihu B. Washburne</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_14th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 14th congressional district">Ohio 14</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Welker, Martin"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Welker" title="Martin Welker">Martin Welker</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_23rd_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district">Pennsylvania 23</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Williams, Thomas"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 10th congressional district">Indiana 10</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Williams, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Williams_(Indiana_politician)" title="William Williams (Indiana politician)">William Williams</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">Iowa 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wilson, James F."><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 11th congressional district">Ohio 11</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wilson, John Thomas"><a href="/wiki/John_Thomas_Wilson" title="John Thomas Wilson">John Thomas Wilson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district">Pennsylvania 18</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wilson, Stephen Fowler"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Fowler_Wilson" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen Fowler Wilson">Stephen Fowler Wilson</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td>Yea </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minnesota%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Minnesota's 1st congressional district">Minnesota 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Windom, William"><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">William Windom</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="New York's 9th congressional district">New York 9</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Wood, Fernando"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Wood" title="Fernando Wood">Fernando Wood</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background-color:#ada89f;">Absent </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vermont%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Vermont's 1st congressional district">Vermont 1</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Woodbridge, Frederic E.k"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_E._Woodbridge" title="Frederick E. Woodbridge">Frederick E. Woodbridge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23"> </td> <td>Republican </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district">Pennsylvania 12</a> </td> <td data-sort-value="Woodward, George Washington"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Woodward" title="George Washington Woodward">George Washington Woodward</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF"> </td> <td>Democrat </td> <td style="background:#ffdd88">Nay </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="z" colspan="6">Notes: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><a href="#ref_Alpha">^α</a> Schuyler Colfax was serving as Speaker of the House. Per House rules, "the Speaker is not required to vote in ordinary legislative proceedings, except when such vote would be decisive or when the House is engaged in voting by ballot."<a href="#cite_note-rule1-12">[12]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Aftermath">edit</a>]</div> Radical furor over the conservative and moderate Republicans' votes against impeachment threatened a schism in the Republican Party. Two days after the failed impeachment vote, Radicals met at Thaddeus Stevens' residence to discuss creating a separate congressional organization for Radicals, separate from the Republican Party.<a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> On December 13, 1867, members of the House availed themselves of freedom of debate in the <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_the_Whole" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee of the Whole">Committee of the Whole</a> on the state of the Union, and several members discussed the failed impeachment resolution at length.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> With Johnson feeling liberated from the threat of impeachment, he began acting even more aggressively. He made moves that, combined with earlier actions, made it so every reconstructed state was being overseen by officers more sympathetic to former rebels than Southern loyalists to the union. On December 28, 1867, he removed <a href="/wiki/John_Pope_(military_officer)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Pope (military officer)">John Pope</a> from his position of command over <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Ord" title="Edward Ord">Edward Ord</a> from his position of command over <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, replacing them respectively with the more conservative <a href="/wiki/George_Meade" title="George Meade">George Meade</a> and the immensely conservative <a href="/wiki/Alvan_Cullem_Gillem" title="Alvan Cullem Gillem">Alvan Cullem Gillem</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> He also substituted Meade's subordinate, <a href="/wiki/Wager_Swayne" title="Wager Swayne">Wager Swayne</a> (who Meade had been delegating authority over Alabama to).<a href="#cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">[21]</a> On January 22, 1868, the House approved by a vote of 99–31 a resolution to launch a <a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_against_Andrew_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Second impeachment inquiry against Andrew Johnson">second impeachment inquiry against Andrew Johnson</a>, this time run by the <a href="/wiki/House_Select_Committee_on_Reconstruction" class="mw-redirect" title="House Select Committee on Reconstruction">House Select Committee on Reconstruction</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> At a February 13, 1868 committee meeting, a vote on a motion to <a href="/wiki/Table_(parliamentary_procedure)" title="Table (parliamentary procedure)">table</a> consideration of a resolution proposed by Stevens to impeach Johnson had effectively signaled that five of the committee's members still stood opposed to impeachment, unchanged in their position since the December 1867 vote. After the February 13 vote, it momentarily appeared that the prospect of impeachment was dead.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impeachment_of_Johnson_in_1868">Impeachment of Johnson in 1868</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Impeachment of Johnson in 1868">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment of Andrew Johnson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson</a></div> While impeachment appeared to be a dead issue after the February 13, 1868 vote by the Committee on Reconstruction, the prospect of impeachment would receive new life days later. On February 21, 1868, Johnson, in violation of the <a href="/wiki/Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)" title="Tenure of Office Act (1867)">Tenure of Office Act</a> that had been passed by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> in March 1867 over Johnson's veto, attempted to remove Edwin Stanton, the secretary of war who the act was largely designed to protect, from office.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> On February 10, the House voted to move any further responsibility over impeachment away from the Committee on the Judiciary and to the Select Committee on Reconstruction.<a href="#cite_note-historyFebtoMarch-50">[50]</a> On February 21, 1868, Thaddeus Stevens submitted a resolution to the House resolving for the evidence taken on impeachment by first impeachment inquiry into Johnson be referred to the Select Committee on Reconstruction (who were conducting the second impeachment inquiry), and that the Committee on Reconstruction "have leave to report at any time". This resolution was approved by the House.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a> On February 22, the Select Committee on Reconstruction submitted to the House an impeachment resolution and a report that recommended Johnson be impeached for high crimes and misdemeanors.<a href="#cite_note-hinds-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> On February 24, 1868, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> voted 126–47 to impeach Johnson for "<a href="/wiki/High_crimes_and_misdemeanors" title="High crimes and misdemeanors">high crimes and misdemeanors</a>", which were detailed in <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment_adopted_against_Andrew_Johnson" title="Articles of impeachment adopted against Andrew Johnson">eleven articles of impeachment</a> passed in separate votes held roughly a week after the impeachment resolution was adopted.<a href="#cite_note-historyFebtoMarch-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-CRS98-763-52">[52]</a> The primary charge presented against Johnson in the articles of impeachment that were adopted was that he had violated the Tenure of Office Act by removing Stanton from office.<a href="#cite_note-historyFebtoMarch-50">[50]</a> It was decided by the committee tasked with drafting the articles of impeachment that they would not include any of the charges that had been recommended by Thomas Williams' Judiciary Committee majority report in the first impeachment inquiry against Johnson. The New York Times reported that inclusion of those claims would be seen as fatally harming the, "moral and legal effect of the prosecution" in Johnson's impeachment.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a> The articles of impeachment that were ultimately produced by the committee were narrow in their focus and were legalistic and molded on <a href="/wiki/Criminal_law" title="Criminal law">criminal</a> indictment, likely in direct reaction to the failure of the broad allegations cited in the 1867 effort to persuade the House members.<a href="#cite_note-Stewart-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Clerk-22">[22]</a> Johnson was narrowly acquitted in his Senate trial, with the Senate voting 35 to 19 votes in favor of conviction, one vote short of the <a href="/wiki/Two-thirds_majority" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-thirds majority">two-thirds majority</a> needed to convict.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Timeline of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Timeline of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has The House Judiciary Committee's majority report, minority views, and impeachment resolution as printed in the New York Times on November 27, 1867: <div style="margin-left:1.5em;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times/1867/11/27/Washington._Reports_of_the_Judiciary_Committee_on_Impeachment" class="extiw" title="s:The New York Times/1867/11/27/Washington. Reports of the Judiciary Committee on Impeachment">s:The New York Times/1867/11/27/Washington. Reports of the Judiciary Committee on Impeachment</a></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://judiciary.house.gov/uploadedfiles/report_hjc_report_on_impeachment_of_andrew_johnson_part_i.pdf">Majority and minority reports of the United States House Committee on the Judiciary (printed November 25, 1867)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BuildingtheCase-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BuildingtheCase_1-21">v</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Johnson-Impeachment/Building-the-Case-for-Impeachment/">"Building the Case for Impeachment, December 1866 to June 1867"</a>. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=Building+the+Case+for+Impeachment%2C+December+1866+to+June+1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FExhibitions-and-Publications%2FJohnson-Impeachment%2FBuilding-the-Case-for-Impeachment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wineapple12-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wineapple12_2-10">k</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWineapple2019" class="citation book cs1">Wineapple, Brenda (2019). "Twelve: Tenure of Office". The impeachers : The Trial of Andrew Johnson and The Dream of a Just Nation (First ed.). New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812998368" title="Special:BookSources/9780812998368"><bdi>9780812998368</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Twelve%3A+Tenure+of+Office&rft.btitle=The+impeachers+%3A+The+Trial+of+Andrew+Johnson+and+The+Dream+of+a+Just+Nation&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=First&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780812998368&rft.aulast=Wineapple&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Benedict-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Benedict_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benedict_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benedict_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benedict_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benedict_3-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Benedict_3-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenedict1998" class="citation journal cs1">Benedict, Michael Les (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2658078.pdf">"From Our Archives: A New Look at the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson"</a> (PDF). Political Science Quarterly. 113 (3): 493–511. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2658078">10.2307/2658078</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0032-3195">0032-3195</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2658078">2658078</a>. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=From+Our+Archives%3A+A+New+Look+at+the+Impeachment+of+Andrew+Johnson&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=493-511&rft.date=1998&rft.issn=0032-3195&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2658078%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2658078&rft.aulast=Benedict&rft.aufirst=Michael+Les&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fpdf%2F2658078.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stewart-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stewart_4-16">q</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart2009" class="citation book cs1">Stewart, David O. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Sav95Z-KDZcC">Impeached: The Trial of President Andrew Johnson and the Fight for Licoln's Legacy</a>. Simon and Schuster. pp. 83–98, 92–98, 105–112, 154, 156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1416547495" title="Special:BookSources/978-1416547495"><bdi>978-1416547495</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Impeached%3A+The+Trial+of+President+Andrew+Johnson+and+the+Fight+for+Licoln%27s+Legacy&rft.pages=83-98%2C+92-98%2C+105-112%2C+154%2C+156&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1416547495&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=David+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSav95Z-KDZcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/50425364">"Current Gossip"</a>. The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. 18 December 1866. Retrieved 31 July 2022 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Current+Gossip.&rft.pub=The+Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.date=1866-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F50425364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-househistory1-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-househistory1_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-househistory1_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-househistory1_6-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-househistory1_6-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/HistoricalHighlight/Detail/35408">"Impeachment Efforts Against President Andrew Johnson | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"</a>. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=Impeachment+Efforts+Against+President+Andrew+Johnson+%7C+US+House+of+Representatives%3A+History%2C+Art+%26+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FHistoricalHighlight%2FDetail%2F35408&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CRS1998a-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CRS1998a_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CRS1998a_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CRS1998a_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CRS1998a_7-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStathisHuckabee1998" class="citation web cs1">Stathis, Stephen W.; Huckabee, David C. (September 16, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/98-763.pdf">"Congressional Resolutions on Presidential Impeachment: A Historical Overview"</a> (PDF). sgp.fas.org. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved 20 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sgp.fas.org&rft.atitle=Congressional+Resolutions+on+Presidential+Impeachment%3A+A+Historical+Overview&rft.date=1998-09-16&rft.aulast=Stathis&rft.aufirst=Stephen+W.&rft.au=Huckabee%2C+David+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsgp.fas.org%2Fcrs%2Fmisc%2F98-763.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ross1-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ross1_8-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss1868" class="citation book cs1">Ross, Edmond G. (1868). "Chapter IV. – First Attempt to Impeach the President". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2442/2442-h/2442-h.htm">History of the Impeachment Of Andrew Johnson President Of The United States</a>. Project Gutenberg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+IV.+%E2%80%93+First+Attempt+to+Impeach+the+President&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Impeachment+Of+Andrew+Johnson+President+Of+The+United+States&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg&rft.date=1868&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Edmond+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F2442%2F2442-h%2F2442-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stathis-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stathis_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stathis_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stathis_9-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStathis1994" class="citation journal cs1">Stathis, Stephen W. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551191">"Impeachment and Trial of President Andrew Johnson: A View from the Iowa Congressional Delegation"</a>. Presidential Studies Quarterly. 24 (1): 29–47. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0360-4918">0360-4918</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551191">27551191</a>. Retrieved 13 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Impeachment+and+Trial+of+President+Andrew+Johnson%3A+A+View+from+the+Iowa+Congressional+Delegation&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=29-47&rft.date=1994&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551191%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0360-4918&rft.aulast=Stathis&rft.aufirst=Stephen+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-journal111-112-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-journal111-112_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal111-112_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal111-112_10-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voteview.com/source_images/house_journal/64/0#page/121/mode/2up">Journal of the United States House of Representatives Being The Second Session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress; Begun and Held at the City of Washington, D. C. December 3, 1866 in the Ninety-First Year of the Independence of the United States</a>. Government Printy Office. 1867. pp. 121–122. Retrieved 16 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+the+United+States+House+of+Representatives+Being+The+Second+Session+of+the+Thirty-Ninth+Congress%3B+Begun+and+Held+at+the+City+of+Washington%2C+D.+C.+December+3%2C+1866+in+the+Ninety-First+Year+of+the+Independence+of+the+United+States&rft.pages=121-122&rft.pub=Government+Printy+Office&rft.date=1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoteview.com%2Fsource_images%2Fhouse_journal%2F64%2F0%23page%2F121%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|website=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-vote1-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vote1_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote1_11-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote1_11-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote1_11-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote1_11-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote1_11-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/39-2/h418">"TO PASS A RESOLUTION TO IMPEACH THE PRESIDENT. (P. 320-2, … – House Vote #418 – Jan 7, 1867"</a>. GovTrack.us. Retrieved 23 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GovTrack.us&rft.atitle=TO+PASS+A+RESOLUTION+TO+IMPEACH+THE+PRESIDENT.+%28P.+320-2%2C+%E2%80%A6+%E2%80%93+House+Vote+%23418+%E2%80%93+Jan+7%2C+1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fvotes%2F39-2%2Fh418&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rule1-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rule1_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rule1_12-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rule1_12-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rule1_12-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/HMAN-113/pdf/HMAN-113-houserules.pdf">"Rules of the House of Representatives, with Notes and Annotations"</a> (PDF). www.govinfo.gov.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rules+of+the+House+of+Representatives%2C+with+Notes+and+Annotations&rft.pub=www.govinfo.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govinfo.gov%2Fcontent%2Fpkg%2FHMAN-113%2Fpdf%2FHMAN-113-houserules.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/85344380">"XXXIX Congress-Second Session"</a>. Newspapers.com. New-York Tribune. January 8, 1867. Retrieved 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=XXXIX+Congress-Second+Session&rft.date=1867-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F85344380&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsborne" class="citation web cs1">Osborne, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu/node/47758">"The Fortieth Congress strongly rejects its Judiciary Committee's recommendation to President Johnson. | House Divided"</a>. hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu. House Divided: The Civil War Research Engine at Dickinson College. Retrieved 13 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu&rft.atitle=The+Fortieth+Congress+strongly+rejects+its+Judiciary+Committee%27s+recommendation+to+President+Johnson.+%7C+House+Divided&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhd.housedivided.dickinson.edu%2Fnode%2F47758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodds" class="citation web cs1">Dodds, A. John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.psu.edu/wph/article/download/1641/1489">"HONEST JOHN COVODE"</a>. Retrieved 12 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HONEST+JOHN+COVODE&rft.aulast=Dodds&rft.aufirst=A.+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.psu.edu%2Fwph%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F1641%2F1489&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/465981055">"IMPEACHMENT INVESTIGRATION"</a>. Newspapers.com. Chicago Tribune. 30 Mar 1867. Retrieved 2 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=IMPEACHMENT+INVESTIGRATION&rft.date=1867-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F465981055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunning1906" class="citation journal cs1">Dunning, William A. (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1836023">"More Light on Andrew Johnson"</a>. The American Historical Review. 11 (3): 574–594. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1836023">10.2307/1836023</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-8762">0002-8762</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1836023">1836023</a>. Retrieved 14 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=More+Light+on+Andrew+Johnson&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=574-594&rft.date=1906&rft.issn=0002-8762&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1836023%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1836023&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1836023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reports1-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reports1_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reports1_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reports1_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reports1_18-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reports1_18-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reports1_18-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Congress_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary1867" class="citation book cs1">United States Congress House Committee on the Judiciary (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P2BuAAAAMAAJ">Impeachment of the President</a>. U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved 4 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Impeachment+of+the+President&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1867&rft.au=United+States+Congress+House+Committee+on+the+Judiciary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP2BuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hinds-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-27">ab</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-28">ac</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-29">ad</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-30">ae</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-31">af</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-32">ag</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-33">ah</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-34">ai</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-35">aj</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-36">ak</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-37">al</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-38">am</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-39">an</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-40">ao</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-41">ap</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-42">aq</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hinds_19-43">ar</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHinds1907" class="citation web cs1">Hinds, Asher C. (4 March 1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-HPREC-HINDS-V3/pdf/GPO-HPREC-HINDS-V3.pdf#page=838">"HINDS' PRECEDENTS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES INCLUDING REFERENCES TO PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION, THE LAWS, AND DECISIONS OF THE UNITED STATES SENATE"</a> (PDF). United States Congress. pp. 824–831, 843, 845–846. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HINDS%27+PRECEDENTS+OF+THE+HOUSE+OF+REPRESENTATIVES+OF+THE+UNITED+STATES+INCLUDING+REFERENCES+TO+PROVISIONS+OF+THE+CONSTITUTION%2C+THE+LAWS%2C+AND+DECISIONS+OF+THE+UNITED+STATES+SENATE&rft.pages=824-831%2C+843%2C+845-846&rft.pub=United+States+Congress&rft.date=1907-03-04&rft.aulast=Hinds&rft.aufirst=Asher+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govinfo.gov%2Fcontent%2Fpkg%2FGPO-HPREC-HINDS-V3%2Fpdf%2FGPO-HPREC-HINDS-V3.pdf%23page%3D838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Party1-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Party1_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Party1_20-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voteview.com/congress/house/39">"49th Congress (1865–1867) > Representatives"</a>. www.voteview.com. Retrieved 24 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.voteview.com&rft.atitle=49th+Congress+%281865%E2%80%931867%29+%3E+Representatives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voteview.com%2Fcongress%2Fhouse%2F39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BenedictJSTOR-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BenedictJSTOR_21-9">j</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenedict1998" class="citation journal cs1">Benedict, Michael Les (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2658078.pdf">"From Our Archives: A New Look at the Impeachment of Andrew Johnson"</a> (PDF). Political Science Quarterly. 113 (3): 493–511. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2658078">10.2307/2658078</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0032-3195">0032-3195</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2658078">2658078</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=From+Our+Archives%3A+A+New+Look+at+the+Impeachment+of+Andrew+Johnson&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=493-511&rft.date=1998&rft.issn=0032-3195&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2658078%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2658078&rft.aulast=Benedict&rft.aufirst=Michael+Les&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fpdf%2F2658078.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clerk-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clerk_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clerk_22-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Johnson-Impeachment/Johnson-Impeached/">"The House Impeaches Andrew Johnson"</a>. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives. Retrieved January 13, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+House+Impeaches+Andrew+Johnson&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Historian+and+the+Clerk+of+the+House%27s+Office+of+Art+and+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FExhibitions-and-Publications%2FJohnson-Impeachment%2FJohnson-Impeached%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meachem1-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meachem1_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meachem1_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meachem1_23-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meachem1_23-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meachem1_23-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meachem1_23-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeachamNaftaliBakerEngel2018" class="citation book cs1">Meacham, Jon; Naftali, Timothy; Baker, Peter; Engel, Jeffrey A. (2018). "Ch. 1, Andrew Johnson (by John Meachem)". Impeachment : an American history (2018 Modern Library ed.). New York. pp. 62–64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1984853783" title="Special:BookSources/978-1984853783"><bdi>978-1984853783</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ch.+1%2C+Andrew+Johnson+%28by+John+Meachem%29&rft.btitle=Impeachment+%3A+an+American+history&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=62-64&rft.edition=2018+Modern+Library&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1984853783&rft.aulast=Meacham&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.au=Naftali%2C+Timothy&rft.au=Baker%2C+Peter&rft.au=Engel%2C+Jeffrey+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=lGQ9AQAAMAAJ">The Congressional Globe Vol. 37</a>. United States Congress. 1867. pp. 1754 and 1755. Retrieved 22 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Congressional+Globe+Vol.+37&rft.pages=1754+and+1755&rft.pub=United+States+Congress&rft.date=1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplay.google.com%2Fbooks%2Freader%3Fid%3DlGQ9AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu/node/36584">"Johnson's Impeachment | House Divided"</a>. hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu. House Divided: The Civil War Research Engine at Dickinson College. Retrieved 13 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu&rft.atitle=Johnson%27s+Impeachment+%7C+House+Divided&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhd.housedivided.dickinson.edu%2Fnode%2F36584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-globe18-25-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-globe18-25_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-globe18-25_26-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-globe18-25_26-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_united-states-congress-congressional-globe_1867-03-04/page/18/mode/1up?view=theater">The Congressional Globe 1867-03-04</a>. Superintendent of Government Documents. 4 March 1867. pp. 18–25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Congressional+Globe+1867-03-04&rft.pages=18-25&rft.pub=Superintendent+of+Government+Documents&rft.date=1867-03-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_united-states-congress-congressional-globe_1867-03-04%2Fpage%2F18%2Fmode%2F1up%3Fview%3Dtheater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-journal19-21-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-journal19-21_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal19-21_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal19-21_27-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal19-21_27-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voteview.com/source_images/house_journal/65/0#page/19/mode/2up">Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States: Being the First Session of the Fortieth Congress; Begun and Held at the City of Washington, March 4, 1867, In the Ninety-First Year of the Independence of the United States</a>. Government Printing Office. 1867. pp. 19–21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+the+House+of+Representatives+of+the+United+States%3A+Being+the+First+Session+of+the+Fortieth+Congress%3B+Begun+and+Held+at+the+City+of+Washington%2C+March+4%2C+1867%2C+In+the+Ninety-First+Year+of+the+Independence+of+the+United+States&rft.pages=19-21&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoteview.com%2Fsource_images%2Fhouse_journal%2F65%2F0%23page%2F19%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/171165056">"By the Cable"</a>. Newspapers.com. The Wheeling Daily Intelligencer. March 8, 1867. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=By+the+Cable&rft.date=1867-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F171165056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/668323846">"1st Edition"</a>. Newspapers.com. Chicago Evening Post. March 7, 1867. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=1st+Edition.&rft.date=1867-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F668323846&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/impeachment/impeachment-johnson.htm">"U.S. Senate: Impeachment Trial of President Andrew Johnson, 1868"</a>. www.senate.gov. United States Senate. Retrieved 29 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.senate.gov&rft.atitle=U.S.+Senate%3A+Impeachment+Trial+of+President+Andrew+Johnson%2C+1868&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Fabout%2Fpowers-procedures%2Fimpeachment%2Fimpeachment-johnson.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HouseImpeachmentRejectedNovDec1867_31-17">r</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Johnson-Impeachment/Impeachment-Rejected/">"Impeachment Rejected, November to December 1867 | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"</a>. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=Impeachment+Rejected%2C+November+to+December+1867+%7C+US+House+of+Representatives%3A+History%2C+Art+%26+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FExhibitions-and-Publications%2FJohnson-Impeachment%2FImpeachment-Rejected%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sessiondates-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sessiondates_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sessiondates_32-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Institution/Session-Dates/40-49/">"Session Dates of Congress 40th to 49th Congresses (1867–1887) | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"</a>. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 26 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=Session+Dates+of+Congress+40th+to+49th+Congresses+%281867%E2%80%931887%29+%7C+US+House+of+Representatives%3A+History%2C+Art+%26+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FInstitution%2FSession-Dates%2F40-49%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CToct25-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CToct25_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CToct25_33-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/349821217">"The Impeachment Question"</a>. Newspapers.com. Chicago Tribune. October 25, 1867. Retrieved 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=The+Impeachment+Question&rft.date=1867-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F349821217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/605467283">"Impeachment Again – Complexion of the Judiciary Committee – Opinions and Assertations of Judge Lawrence – Interesting Statements"</a>. Newspapers.com. The Charleston Mercury. October 22, 1867. Retrieved 26 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=Impeachment+Again+%E2%80%93+Complexion+of+the+Judiciary+Committee+%E2%80%93+Opinions+and+Assertations+of+Judge+Lawrence+%E2%80%93+Interesting+Statements&rft.date=1867-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F605467283&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/167496397">"Mr. Wilson and Impeachment"</a>. Newspapers.com. The Philadelphia Inquirer. November 1, 1867. Retrieved 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=Mr.+Wilson+and+Impeachment&rft.date=1867-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F167496397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-benedict1-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-benedict1_36-14">o</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenedict1973" class="citation book cs1">Benedict, Michael Les (1973). "3. The Politics of Impeachment". The impeachment and trial of Andrew Johnson ([1st] ed.). New York: Norton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-05473-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-05473-X"><bdi>0-393-05473-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=3.+The+Politics+of+Impeachment&rft.btitle=The+impeachment+and+trial+of+Andrew+Johnson.&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=%5B1st%5D&rft.pub=Norton&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=0-393-05473-X&rft.aulast=Benedict&rft.aufirst=Michael+Les&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/569609389">"The Lancaster Examiner Wednesday, November 27, 1867"</a>. The Lancaster Examiner. November 27, 1867. Retrieved 22 July 2022 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Lancaster+Examiner+Wednesday%2C+November+27%2C+1867&rft.pub=The+Lancaster+Examiner&rft.date=1867-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F569609389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-majorityreport-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-majorityreport_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-majorityreport_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-majorityreport_38-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/44228098">"The Majority Report"</a>. Harrisburg Telegraph. November 27, 1867. Retrieved 22 July 2022 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Majority+Report&rft.pub=Harrisburg+Telegraph&rft.date=1867-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F44228098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-journal265–266-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-journal265–266_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal265–266_39-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal265–266_39-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-journal265–266_39-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voteview.com/source_images/house_journal/65/0#page/265/mode/2up">Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States: Being the First Session of the Fortieth Congress; Begun and Held at the City of Washington, March 4, 1867, In the Ninety-First Year of the Independence of the United States</a>. Government Printing Office. 1867. pp. 265–266.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+the+House+of+Representatives+of+the+United+States%3A+Being+the+First+Session+of+the+Fortieth+Congress%3B+Begun+and+Held+at+the+City+of+Washington%2C+March+4%2C+1867%2C+In+the+Ninety-First+Year+of+the+Independence+of+the+United+States&rft.pages=265-266&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoteview.com%2Fsource_images%2Fhouse_journal%2F65%2F0%23page%2F265%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-December1867-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-December1867_40-12">m</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Johnson-Impeachment/The-Case-for-Impeachment/">"The Case for Impeachment, December 1867 | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"</a>. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=The+Case+for+Impeachment%2C+December+1867+%7C+US+House+of+Representatives%3A+History%2C+Art+%26+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FExhibitions-and-Publications%2FJohnson-Impeachment%2FThe-Case-for-Impeachment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-journal42-41"><a href="#cite_ref-journal42_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voteview.com/source_images/house_journal/66/0#page/41/mode/2up">Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States: Being the Second Session of the Fortieth Congress; Begun and Held at the City of Washington, December 2, 1867, In the Ninety-First Year of the Independence of the United States</a>. Government Printing Office. 1868. p. 42.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+the+House+of+Representatives+of+the+United+States%3A+Being+the+Second+Session+of+the+Fortieth+Congress%3B+Begun+and+Held+at+the+City+of+Washington%2C+December+2%2C+1867%2C+In+the+Ninety-First+Year+of+the+Independence+of+the+United+States&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1868&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoteview.com%2Fsource_images%2Fhouse_journal%2F66%2F0%23page%2F41%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Domer1-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Domer1_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Domer1_42-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Domer1_42-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Domer1_42-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Domer1_42-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDomer1976" class="citation journal cs1">Domer, Thomas (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/364736">"The Role of George S. Boutwell in the Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson"</a>. The New England Quarterly. 49 (4): 596–617. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F364736">10.2307/364736</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-4866">0028-4866</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/364736">364736</a>. Retrieved 11 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+George+S.+Boutwell+in+the+Impeachment+and+Trial+of+Andrew+Johnson&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=596-617&rft.date=1976&rft.issn=0028-4866&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F364736%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F364736&rft.aulast=Domer&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F364736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vote-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vote_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote_43-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote_43-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vote_43-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/40-2/h119">"TO PASS THE IMPEACHMENT OF PRESIDENT RESOLUTION. – House Vote #119 – Dec 7, 1867"</a>. GovTrack.us.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GovTrack.us&rft.atitle=TO+PASS+THE+IMPEACHMENT+OF+PRESIDENT+RESOLUTION.+%E2%80%93+House+Vote+%23119+%E2%80%93+Dec+7%2C+1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fvotes%2F40-2%2Fh119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> Multiple sources: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevine2021" class="citation book cs1">Levine, Robert S. (2021). The failed promise: Reconstruction, Frederick Douglass, and the impeachment of Andrew Johnson (First ed.). New York, NY. pp. 179–180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781324004752" title="Special:BookSources/9781324004752"><bdi>9781324004752</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+failed+promise%3A+Reconstruction%2C+Frederick+Douglass%2C+and+the+impeachment+of+Andrew+Johnson&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=179-180&rft.edition=First&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9781324004752&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_O._Stewart" title="David O. Stewart">Stewart, David O.</a> (2009). Impeached: the Trial of President Andrew Johnson and the Fight for Lincoln's Legacy. New York: Simon and Schuster. pp. 95–97. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-4749-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-4749-5"><bdi>978-1-4165-4749-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Impeached%3A+the+Trial+of+President+Andrew+Johnson+and+the+Fight+for+Lincoln%27s+Legacy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=95-97&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-4749-5&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=David+O.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastel1979" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Albert_E._Castel" title="Albert E. Castel">Castel, Albert E.</a> (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/presidencyofandr00albe">The Presidency of Andrew Johnson</a>. American Presidency. Lawrence, Kan.: The Regents Press of Kansas. p. 124 and 146. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-0190-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7006-0190-5"><bdi>978-0-7006-0190-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presidency+of+Andrew+Johnson&rft.place=Lawrence%2C+Kan.&rft.series=American+Presidency&rft.pages=124+and+146&rft.pub=The+Regents+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-0190-5&rft.aulast=Castel&rft.aufirst=Albert+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpresidencyofandr00albe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voteview.com/source_images/house_journal/66/0#page/53/mode/2up">Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States: Being the Second Session of the Fortieth Congress; Begun and Held at the City of Washington, December 2, 1867, In the Ninety-First Year of the Independence of the United States</a>. United States House of Representatives. 1868. p. 53. Retrieved 22 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+the+House+of+Representatives+of+the+United+States%3A+Being+the+Second+Session+of+the+Fortieth+Congress%3B+Begun+and+Held+at+the+City+of+Washington%2C+December+2%2C+1867%2C+In+the+Ninety-First+Year+of+the+Independence+of+the+United+States&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=United+States+House+of+Representatives&rft.date=1868&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoteview.com%2Fsource_images%2Fhouse_journal%2F66%2F0%23page%2F53%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voteview.com/source_images/house_journal/66/0#page/259/mode/2up">"Journal of the United States House of Representatives (40th Congress, second session) pages 259–262"</a>. voteview.com. United States House of Representatives. 1868. Retrieved 16 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=voteview.com&rft.atitle=Journal+of+the+United+States+House+of+Representatives+%2840th+Congress%2C+second+session%29+pages+259%E2%80%93262&rft.date=1868&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvoteview.com%2Fsource_images%2Fhouse_journal%2F66%2F0%23page%2F259%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/668096694">"Washington"</a>. Newspapers.com. Chicago Evening Post. February 13, 1868. Retrieved 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=Washington&rft.date=1868-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F668096694&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/72186863">"Staunton Spectator Tuesday, February 18, 1868"</a>. Staunton Spectator. February 18, 1868. Retrieved 22 July 2022 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Staunton+Spectator+Tuesday%2C+February+18%2C+1868&rft.pub=Staunton+Spectator&rft.date=1868-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F72186863&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrefousse1989" class="citation book cs1">Trefousse, Hans L. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewjohnson00hans/page/306">Andrew Johnson: A Biography</a>. New York City: W. W. Norton & Company. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/andrewjohnson00hans/page/306">306</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-31742-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-31742-8"><bdi>978-0-393-31742-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Andrew+Johnson%3A+A+Biography&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=306&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-393-31742-8&rft.aulast=Trefousse&rft.aufirst=Hans+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fandrewjohnson00hans%2Fpage%2F306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-historyFebtoMarch-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-historyFebtoMarch_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-historyFebtoMarch_50-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-historyFebtoMarch_50-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Johnson-Impeachment/Johnson-Impeached/">"Johnson Impeached, February to March 1868 | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"</a>. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=Johnson+Impeached%2C+February+to+March+1868+%7C+US+House+of+Representatives%3A+History%2C+Art+%26+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FExhibitions-and-Publications%2FJohnson-Impeachment%2FJohnson-Impeached%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llcg&fileName=080/llcg080.db&recNum=315">"A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774 – 1875"</a>. memory.loc.gov. Library of Congress. Retrieved 28 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=memory.loc.gov&rft.atitle=A+Century+of+Lawmaking+for+a+New+Nation%3A+U.S.+Congressional+Documents+and+Debates%2C+1774+%E2%80%93+1875&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmemory.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fampage%3FcollId%3Dllcg%26fileName%3D080%2Fllcg080.db%26recNum%3D315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CRS98-763-52"><a href="#cite_ref-CRS98-763_52-0">^</a> <img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_W._Stathis_and_David_C._Huckabee" class="citation cs1">Stephen W. Stathis and David C. Huckabee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc819397/m2/1/high_res_d/98-763_1998Sep16.pdf">Congressional Resolutions on Presidential Impeachment: A Historical Overview</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a>. Retrieved December 31, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Congressional+Resolutions+on+Presidential+Impeachment%3A+A+Historical+Overview&rft.pub=Congressional+Research+Service&rft.au=Stephen+W.+Stathis+and+David+C.+Huckabee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetadc819397%2Fm2%2F1%2Fhigh_res_d%2F98-763_1998Sep16.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/Johnson-Impeachment/Impeached-but-Not-Removed/">"Impeached but Not Removed, March to May 1868 | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"</a>. history.house.gov. United States House of Representatives. Retrieved 2 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=Impeached+but+Not+Removed%2C+March+to+May+1868+%7C+US+House+of+Representatives%3A+History%2C+Art+%26+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FExhibitions-and-Publications%2FJohnson-Impeachment%2FImpeached-but-Not-Removed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFirst+impeachment+inquiry+into+Andrew+Johnson" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Template:Impeachment and impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Impeachment and impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Impeachment and impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Impeachment_and_impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">impeachment trial</a> of <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Andrew_Johnson" title="Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson">Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson</a> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Timeline of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inquiries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">First inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">Second inquiry</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Thaddeus-stevens2_%281%29_%28a%29.jpg/120px-Thaddeus-stevens2_%281%29_%28a%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Thaddeus-stevens2_%281%29_%28a%29.jpg/180px-Thaddeus-stevens2_%281%29_%28a%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Thaddeus-stevens2_%281%29_%28a%29.jpg/240px-Thaddeus-stevens2_%281%29_%28a%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="703" data-file-height="629" /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/The_Senate_as_a_Court_of_Impeachment_for_the_Trial_of_Andrew_Johnson_%28a%29.jpg/120px-The_Senate_as_a_Court_of_Impeachment_for_the_Trial_of_Andrew_Johnson_%28a%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/The_Senate_as_a_Court_of_Impeachment_for_the_Trial_of_Andrew_Johnson_%28a%29.jpg/180px-The_Senate_as_a_Court_of_Impeachment_for_the_Trial_of_Andrew_Johnson_%28a%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/The_Senate_as_a_Court_of_Impeachment_for_the_Trial_of_Andrew_Johnson_%28a%29.jpg/240px-The_Senate_as_a_Court_of_Impeachment_for_the_Trial_of_Andrew_Johnson_%28a%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="382" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment_adopted_against_Andrew_Johnson" title="Articles of impeachment adopted against Andrew Johnson">Articles of impeachment</a></li> <li>Dismissal of <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Stanton" title="Edwin Stanton">Edwin Stanton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)" title="Tenure of Office Act (1867)">Tenure of Office Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas" title="Lorenzo Thomas">Lorenzo Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_of_Army_Act" title="Command of Army Act">Command of Army Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_Around_the_Circle" title="Swing Around the Circle">Swing Around the Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Covode" title="John Covode">John Covode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Ward_Sr." title="Hamilton Ward Sr.">Hamilton Ward Sr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment trial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Presiding officer: <a href="/wiki/Salmon_P._Chase" title="Salmon P. Chase">Salmon P. Chase</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>House managers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Bingham" title="John Bingham">John Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Boutwell" title="George S. Boutwell">George S. Boutwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Butler" title="Benjamin Butler">Benjamin Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">John A. Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Stevens" title="Thaddeus Stevens">Thaddeus Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Williams_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Thomas Williams (Pennsylvania politician)">Thomas Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">James F. Wilson</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>President's counsel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Evarts" title="William M. Evarts">William M. Evarts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Robbins_Curtis" title="Benjamin Robbins Curtis">Benjamin R. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Groesbeck" title="William S. Groesbeck">William S. Groesbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Amos_Rogers_Nelson" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Amos Rogers Nelson">Thomas A. R. Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Stanbery" title="Henry Stanbery">Henry Stanbery</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>Witnesses for the prosecution <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foster_Blodgett" title="Foster Blodgett">Foster Blodgett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_A._Burleigh" title="Walter A. Burleigh">Walter A. Burleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Chandler" title="William E. Chandler">William E. Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O._Clephane" title="James O. Clephane">James O. Clephane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Emory" title="William H. Emory">William H. Emory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Ferry" title="Thomas W. Ferry">Thomas W. Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burt_Van_Horn" title="Burt Van Horn">Burt Van Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Moorhead" title="James K. Moorhead">James K. Moorhead</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>Witnesses for the defense <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Armstrong_(journalist)" title="William W. Armstrong (journalist)">William W. Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Smith_Cox" title="Walter Smith Cox">Walter Smith Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_T._Merrick" title="Richard T. Merrick">Richard T. Merrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Randall_(Wisconsin_politician)" title="Alexander Randall (Wisconsin politician)">Alexander Randall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Seward" title="Frederick W. Seward">Frederick W. Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tecumseh_Sherman" title="William Tecumseh Sherman">William Tecumseh Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Thomas" title="Lorenzo Thomas">Lorenzo Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Welles" title="Gideon Welles">Gideon Welles</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_impeachment_managers_investigation" title="1868 impeachment managers investigation">Impeachment managers investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnie_Ream" title="Vinnie Ream">Vinnie Ream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profiles_in_Courage" title="Profiles in Courage">Profiles in Courage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Johnson" title="Tennessee Johnson">Tennessee Johnson</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Andrew_Johnson" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Andrew_Johnson" title="Template:Andrew Johnson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Andrew_Johnson" title="Template talk:Andrew Johnson"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Andrew_Johnson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Andrew Johnson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Andrew_Johnson" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">17th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1865–1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">16th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">Senator from Tennessee</a> (1857–1862, 1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Tennessee" title="List of governors of Tennessee">15th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Governor of Tennessee</a> (1853–1857, 1862–1865)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-presidency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homestead_Acts" title="Homestead Acts">Homestead Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Unionist" title="Southern Unionist">Southern Unionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Democrat" title="War Democrat">War Democrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">1864 U.S. presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_National_Union_National_Convention" title="1864 National Union National Convention">1864 National Union Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson%27s_drunk_vice-presidential_inaugural_address" title="Andrew Johnson's drunk vice-presidential inaugural address">Drunk vice-presidential inaugural address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwood_House_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Kirkwood House (Washington, D.C.)">Kirkwood House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Inauguration of Andrew Johnson">Inauguration of Andrew Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_U.S._foreign_policy,_1861%E2%80%931897" title="History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Andrew_Johnson" title="List of federal judges appointed by Andrew Johnson">Judicial appointments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardons_for_ex-Confederates" title="Pardons for ex-Confederates">Pardons for ex-Confederates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1865 State of the Union Address">State of the Union, 1865</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1866_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1866 State of the Union Address">1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1867 State of the Union Address">1867</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1868 State of the Union Address">1868</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Territory" title="Colorado Territory">Colorado Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Purchase" title="Alaska Purchase">Alaska Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Acts" title="Reconstruction Acts">Reconstruction Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Circuits_Act" title="Judicial Circuits Act">Judicial Circuits Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1866" title="Civil Rights Act of 1866">Civil Rights Act of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Homestead_Act_of_1866" title="Southern Homestead Act of 1866">Southern Homestead Act of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)" title="Tenure of Office Act (1867)">Tenure of Office Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_of_Army_Act" title="Command of Army Act">Command of Army Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_vetoes#Andrew_Johnson" title="List of United States presidential vetoes">Vetoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment of Andrew Johnson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">Trial</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">First impeachment inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">Second impeachment inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Andrew_Johnson" title="Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson">Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_impeachment_managers_investigation" title="1868 impeachment managers investigation">1868 impeachment managers investigation</a></li> <li>Politics: <a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_National_Union_Convention" title="1866 National Union Convention">1866 National Union Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_Around_the_Circle" title="Swing Around the Circle">Swing Around the Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_and_1867_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="1866 and 1867 United States House of Representatives elections">1866 & 1867 U.S. House elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1868 Democratic National Convention">1868 Democratic Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public image</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_National_Cemetery" title="Andrew Johnson National Cemetery">Andrew Johnson National Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_National_Historic_Site" title="Andrew Johnson National Historic Site">Andrew Johnson National Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Andrew_Johnson_Museum_and_Library" title="President Andrew Johnson Museum and Library">President Andrew Johnson Museum and Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy%27s_Trip" title="Andy's Trip">Andy's Trip</a> (1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Justice_(political_cartoon)" title="Southern Justice (political cartoon)">Southern Justice</a> (1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphitheatrum_Johnsonianum" title="Amphitheatrum Johnsonianum">Amphitheatrum Johnsonianum</a> (1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Johnson" title="Tennessee Johnson">Tennessee Johnson</a> (1942)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_McCardle_Johnson" title="Eliza McCardle Johnson">Eliza McCardle Johnson</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Johnson_Patterson" title="Martha Johnson Patterson">Martha Johnson Patterson</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_T._Patterson" title="David T. Patterson">David T. Patterson</a> (son-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Johnson_(Tennessee)" title="Charles Johnson (Tennessee)">Charles Johnson</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Johnson_Stover" title="Mary Johnson Stover">Mary Johnson Stover</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Stover" title="Daniel Stover">Daniel Stover</a> (son-in-law)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Johnson_(Tennessee)" title="Robert Johnson (Tennessee)">Robert Johnson</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_Jr." title="Andrew Johnson Jr.">Frank Johnson</a> (son)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Slaves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_and_slavery" title="Andrew Johnson and slavery">Andrew Johnson and slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Brown_(steward)" title="Henry Brown (steward)">Henry Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Johnson_Forby" title="Elizabeth Johnson Forby">Elizabeth J. Forby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolly_Johnson" title="Dolly Johnson">Dolly Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Johnson_(Tennessee)" title="Henry Johnson (Tennessee)">Henry Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson_(Tennessee)" title="Sam Johnson (Tennessee)">Sam Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Andrew_Johnson" title="William Andrew Johnson">William A. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Johnson_Smith" title="Florence Johnson Smith">Florence J. Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Bibliography of Andrew Johnson">Bibliography of Andrew Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson_alcoholism_debate" title="Andrew Johnson alcoholism debate">Alcoholism debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Harold" title="Emily Harold">Mrs. Harold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%E2%80%93Johnson_ledger-removal_allegation" title="Lincoln–Johnson ledger-removal allegation">Ledger-removal allegation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buell_Military_Commission" title="Buell Military Commission">Buell Commission records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treason_must_be_made_odious" title="Treason must be made odious">Treason must be made odious</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">← Abraham Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">← Hannibal Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Andrew_Johnson" title="Category:Andrew Johnson">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Federal impeachment in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Federal impeachment in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Federal impeachment in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Federal impeachment in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Federal impeachment in the United States</a> • <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_trial_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment trial in the United States">Federal impeachment trial in the United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Article I of the United States Constitution</a> (<a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Clause_5:_Speaker_and_other_officers;_Impeachment" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Impeachment Clause</a> · <a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution#Clause_6:_Trial_of_Impeachment" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Trial of Impeachment Clause</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formal impeachments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">Presidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">first inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">second inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment_adopted_against_Andrew_Johnson" title="Articles of impeachment adopted against Andrew Johnson">articles of impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_impeachment_managers_investigation" title="1868 impeachment managers investigation">impeachment managers investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Timeline of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment inquiry into Bill Clinton">inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_resolutions_introduced_against_Donald_Trump" title="List of impeachment resolutions introduced against Donald Trump">resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Donald_Trump" title="Impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump">inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">first impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">first trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">second impeachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump">second trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expungements_of_the_impeachments_of_Donald_Trump" title="Proposed expungements of the impeachments of Donald Trump">proposed expungements</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chase" title="Samuel Chase">Samuel Chase</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Samuel_Chase" title="Impeachment of Samuel Chase">impeachment and trial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other judges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Pickering_(judge)" title="John Pickering (judge)">John Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Peck" title="James H. Peck">James H. Peck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Hughes_Humphreys" title="West Hughes Humphreys">West Hughes Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_W._Delahay" title="Mark W. Delahay">Mark W. Delahay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Swayne" title="Charles Swayne">Charles Swayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Archbald" title="Robert W. Archbald">Robert W. Archbald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._English" title="George W. English">George W. English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Louderback" title="Harold Louderback">Harold Louderback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halsted_L._Ritter" title="Halsted L. Ritter">Halsted L. Ritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Claiborne" title="Harry E. Claiborne">Harry E. Claiborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcee_Hastings" title="Alcee Hastings">Alcee Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Nixon" title="Walter Nixon">Walter Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_B._Kent" title="Samuel B. Kent">Samuel B. Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Porteous" title="Thomas Porteous">Thomas Porteous</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Members of Cabinet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Belknap" title="William W. Belknap">William W. Belknap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Mayorkas" title="Alejandro Mayorkas">Alejandro Mayorkas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Alejandro_Mayorkas" title="Impeachment of Alejandro Mayorkas">impeachment and trial</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congressperson</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Blount" title="William Blount">William Blount</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Efforts to impeach</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">Presidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_efforts_to_impeach_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of efforts to impeach presidents of the United States">List of efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Select_Committee_to_Investigate_Alleged_Corruptions_in_Government" title="United States House Select Committee to Investigate Alleged Corruptions in Government">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Andrew_Johnson" title="Efforts to impeach Andrew Johnson">A. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_process_against_Richard_Nixon" title="Impeachment process against Richard Nixon">Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Bill_Clinton" title="Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_George_W._Bush" title="Efforts to impeach George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Barack_Obama" title="Efforts to impeach Barack Obama">Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Joe_Biden" title="Efforts to impeach Joe Biden">Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Joe_Biden" title="Impeachment inquiry into Joe Biden">inquiry</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_efforts_to_impeach_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of efforts to impeach vice presidents of the United States">Vice presidents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Dick_Cheney" title="Efforts to impeach Dick Cheney">Cheney</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_efforts_to_impeach_United_States_federal_officials" title="List of unsuccessful efforts to impeach United States federal officials">Unsuccessful efforts to impeach federal officials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment inquiry in the United States">Impeachment inquiries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_investigations_of_United_States_federal_officials" title="List of impeachment investigations of United States federal officials">Federal officials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_investigations_of_United_States_federal_judges" title="List of impeachment investigations of United States federal judges">judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Joe_Biden" title="Impeachment inquiry into Joe Biden">inquiry</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>In bold, impeachments leading to conviction. In italics, impeachments or attempts leading to resignation.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Reconstruction_era" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Reconstruction_Era" title="Template:Reconstruction Era"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Reconstruction_Era" title="Template talk:Reconstruction Era"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reconstruction_Era" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reconstruction Era"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reconstruction_era" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era" title="Reconstruction era">Reconstruction era</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Federal government</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Presidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>Congress <ul><li><a href="/wiki/38th_United_States_Congress" title="38th United States Congress">38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_United_States_Congress" title="39th United States Congress">39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_United_States_Congress" title="40th United States Congress">40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/41st_United_States_Congress" title="41st United States Congress">41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_United_States_Congress" title="42nd United States Congress">42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43rd_United_States_Congress" title="43rd United States Congress">43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_United_States_Congress" title="44th United States Congress">44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_United_States_Congress" title="45th United States Congress">45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Republicans" title="Radical Republicans">Radical Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_Republicans_(Reconstruction_era)" title="Moderate Republicans (Reconstruction era)">Moderate Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Republicans_(Reconstruction_era)" title="Conservative Republicans (Reconstruction era)">Conservative Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_senators" title="List of African-American United States senators">African-American senators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_representatives#Reconstruction_and_early_post-Reconstruction_era,_1870–1887" title="List of African-American United States representatives">African-American representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Amendments" title="Reconstruction Amendments">Reconstruction Amendments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Reconstruction" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction">United States Congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Select_Committee_on_Reconstruction" title="United States House Select Committee on Reconstruction">United States House Select Committee on Reconstruction</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>Federal judiciary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taney_Court" title="Taney Court">Taney Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Court" title="Chase Court">Chase Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waite_Court" title="Waite Court">Waite Court</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>Federal bureaucracy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Stanton" title="Edwin Stanton">Edwin Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedmen%27s_Bureau" title="Freedmen's Bureau">Freedmen's Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;">State governments</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">Confederate States of America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_people_of_color" title="Free people of color">Free people of color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedman" title="Freedman">Freedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:African-American_politicians_during_the_Reconstruction_Era" title="Category:African-American politicians during the Reconstruction Era">Politicians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpetbagger" title="Carpetbagger">Carpetbaggers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalawag" title="Scalawag">Scalawag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemers" title="Redeemers">Redeemers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_League" title="White League">White League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Shirts_(United_States)" title="Red Shirts (United States)">Red Shirts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Democrat" title="Bourbon Democrat">Bourbon Democrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horatio_Seymour" title="Horatio Seymour">Horatio Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Tilden" title="Samuel J. Tilden">Samuel J. Tilden</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stalwarts_(politics)" title="Stalwarts (politics)">Stalwarts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Charles Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Stevens" title="Thaddeus Stevens">Thaddeus Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Trumbull" title="Lyman Trumbull">Lyman Trumbull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Wade" title="Benjamin Wade">Benjamin Wade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bingham" title="John Bingham">John Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Mitchell_Ashley" title="James Mitchell Ashley">James Mitchell Ashley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedman%27s_Savings_Bank" title="Freedman's Savings Bank">Freedman's Savings Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_during_the_Reconstruction_era" title="Women during the Reconstruction era">Women during the Reconstruction era</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Presidential</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_presidential_election" title="1864 United States presidential election">1864</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1864 Democratic National Convention">DNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_National_Union_National_Convention" title="1864 National Union National Convention">National Union Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Democracy_Party_(United_States)" title="Radical Democracy Party (United States)">Radical Democracy Party</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_presidential_election" title="1868 United States presidential election">1868</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1868_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1868 Democratic National Convention">DNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Republican_National_Convention" title="1868 Republican National Convention">RNC</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_presidential_election" title="1872 United States presidential election">1872</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1872_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1872 Democratic National Convention">DNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Republican_National_Convention" title="1872 Republican National Convention">RNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Liberal Republican Party (United States)">Liberal Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight-Out_Democratic_Party" title="Straight-Out Democratic Party">Straight-Out Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Woodhull" title="Victoria Woodhull">Victoria Woodhull</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_presidential_election" title="1876 United States presidential election">1876</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1876_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1876 Democratic National Convention">DNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Republican_National_Convention" title="1876 Republican National Convention">RNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Greenback_National_Convention" title="1876 Greenback National Convention">Greenback Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Prohibition_National_Convention" title="1876 Prohibition National Convention">Prohibition Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(United_States)" title="Electoral Commission (United States)">Electoral Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1877" title="Compromise of 1877">Compromise of 1877</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">U.S. Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864%E2%80%9365_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1864–65 United States Senate elections">1864–65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866%E2%80%9367_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1866–67 United States Senate elections">1866–67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868%E2%80%9369_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1868–69 United States Senate elections">1868–69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870%E2%80%9371_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1870–71 United States Senate elections">1870–71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872%E2%80%9373_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1872–73 United States Senate elections">1872–73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874%E2%80%9375_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1874–75 United States Senate elections">1874–75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876%E2%80%9377_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1876–77 United States Senate elections">1876–77</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864%E2%80%9365_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1864–65 United States House of Representatives elections">1864–65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866%E2%80%9367_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1866–67 United States House of Representatives elections">1866–67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868%E2%80%9369_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1868–69 United States House of Representatives elections">1868–69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870%E2%80%9371_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1870–71 United States House of Representatives elections">1870–71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872%E2%80%9373_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1872–73 United States House of Representatives elections">1872–73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874%E2%80%9375_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1874–75 United States House of Representatives elections">1874–75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876%E2%80%9377_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1876–77 United States House of Representatives elections">1876–77</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Gubernatorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1863 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1863_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Alabama gubernatorial election">AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 California gubernatorial election">CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Kentucky_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Kentucky gubernatorial election">KY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Minnesota gubernatorial election">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Ohio gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Virginia_gubernatorial_elections" title="1863 Virginia gubernatorial elections">VA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">WI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1863 West Virginia gubernatorial election">WV</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1864 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Illinois gubernatorial election">IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Indiana gubernatorial election">IN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Louisiana gubernatorial election">LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Maryland gubernatorial election">MD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Michigan gubernatorial election">MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Missouri gubernatorial election">MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_New_Hampshire_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 New Hampshire gubernatorial election">NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1864 West Virginia gubernatorial election">WV</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1865 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1865_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_Florida_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Florida gubernatorial election">FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Louisiana gubernatorial election">LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Minnesota gubernatorial election">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 New Jersey gubernatorial election">NJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Ohio gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_South_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 South Carolina gubernatorial election">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1865 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">WI</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1866 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1866_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Delaware_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Delaware gubernatorial election">DE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Michigan gubernatorial election">MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 North Carolina gubernatorial election">NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Oregon_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Oregon gubernatorial election">OR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Texas gubernatorial election">TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1866 West Virginia gubernatorial election">WV</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1867 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1867_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 California gubernatorial election">CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Maryland gubernatorial election">MD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Minnesota gubernatorial election">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Ohio gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1867 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">WI</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1868 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1868_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Alabama gubernatorial election">AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Florida_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Florida gubernatorial election">FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Illinois gubernatorial election">IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Indiana gubernatorial election">IN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Louisiana gubernatorial election">LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Michigan gubernatorial election">MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Missouri gubernatorial election">MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 North Carolina gubernatorial election">NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 New Jersey gubernatorial election">NJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_South_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 South Carolina gubernatorial election">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1868 West Virginia gubernatorial election">WV</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1869 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1869_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Iowa_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Iowa gubernatorial election">IA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Minnesota gubernatorial election">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Mississippi_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Mississippi gubernatorial election">MS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Ohio gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Virginia gubernatorial election">VA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1869 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">WI</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1870 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1870_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Alabama gubernatorial election">AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Delaware_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Delaware gubernatorial election">DE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Michigan gubernatorial election">MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Missouri gubernatorial election">MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Oregon_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Oregon gubernatorial election">OR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_South_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 South Carolina gubernatorial election">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1870 West Virginia gubernatorial election">WV</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1871 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1871_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 California gubernatorial election">CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Iowa_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Iowa gubernatorial election">IA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Kentucky_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Kentucky gubernatorial election">KY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Maryland gubernatorial election">MD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Minnesota gubernatorial election">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 New Jersey gubernatorial election">NJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Ohio gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1871 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">WI</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1872 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1872_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Alabama gubernatorial election">AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Florida_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Florida gubernatorial election">FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Illinois gubernatorial election">IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Indiana gubernatorial election">IN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Louisiana gubernatorial election">LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Michigan gubernatorial election">MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Missouri gubernatorial election">MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 North Carolina gubernatorial election">NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_South_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 South Carolina gubernatorial election">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1872 West Virginia gubernatorial election">WV</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1873 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1873_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Iowa_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Iowa gubernatorial election">IA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Minnesota gubernatorial election">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Mississippi_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Mississippi gubernatorial election">MS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Ohio gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Texas_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Texas gubernatorial election">TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Virginia gubernatorial election">VA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1873 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">WI</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1874 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1874_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Alabama gubernatorial election">AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Delaware_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Delaware gubernatorial election">DE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Kansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Kansas gubernatorial election">KS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Michigan gubernatorial election">MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Missouri gubernatorial election">MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_New_Jersey_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 New Jersey gubernatorial election">NJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Nevada_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Nevada gubernatorial election">NV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Oregon_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Oregon gubernatorial election">OR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_South_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 South Carolina gubernatorial election">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1874 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1875 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1875_California_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 California gubernatorial election">CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Iowa_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Iowa gubernatorial election">IA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Kentucky_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Kentucky gubernatorial election">KY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Maryland_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Maryland gubernatorial election">MD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Minnesota_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Minnesota gubernatorial election">MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Ohio_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Ohio gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Pennsylvania_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election">OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Wisconsin_gubernatorial_election" title="1875 Wisconsin gubernatorial election">WI</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul><li>1876 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1876_Alabama_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Alabama gubernatorial election">AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Colorado_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Colorado gubernatorial election">CO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1876_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="April 1876 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT Apr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1876_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election" title="November 1876 Connecticut gubernatorial election">CT Nov.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Florida_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Florida gubernatorial election">FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Illinois_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Illinois gubernatorial election">IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Indiana gubernatorial election">IN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Kansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Kansas gubernatorial election">KS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Louisiana_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Louisiana gubernatorial election">LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Massachusetts gubernatorial election">MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Maine_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Maine gubernatorial election">ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Michigan_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Michigan gubernatorial election">MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Missouri_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Missouri gubernatorial election">MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_North_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 North Carolina gubernatorial election">NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Rhode Island gubernatorial election">RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_South_Carolina_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 South Carolina gubernatorial election">SC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Vermont_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 Vermont gubernatorial election">VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_West_Virginia_gubernatorial_election" title="1876 West Virginia gubernatorial election">WV</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">U.S. elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_elections" title="1864 United States elections">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1866_United_States_elections" title="1866 United States elections">1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_elections" title="1868 United States elections">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_elections" title="1870 United States elections">1870</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_elections" title="1872 United States elections">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_United_States_elections" title="1874 United States elections">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_elections" title="1876 United States elections">1876</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Wars" title="American Indian Wars">American Indian Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">Slavery in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Vindication_of_the_Rights_of_Woman" title="A Vindication of the Rights of Woman">A Vindication of the Rights of Woman</a> (1792)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Equality_of_the_Sexes_and_the_Condition_of_Women&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Women (page does not exist)">The Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Women</a> (1838)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman_in_the_Nineteenth_Century" title="Woman in the Nineteenth Century">Woman in the Nineteenth Century</a> (1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_Falls_Convention" title="Seneca Falls Convention">Seneca Falls Convention</a> (1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Rights_Convention" title="National Women's Rights Convention">National Women's Rights Convention</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confiscation_Act_of_1861" title="Confiscation Act of 1861">Confiscation Act of 1861</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confiscation_Act_of_1862" title="Confiscation Act of 1862">Confiscation Act of 1862</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Compensated_Emancipation_Act" title="District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act">District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_Act_of_1862" title="Militia Act of 1862">Militia Act of 1862</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1863</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Proclamation" title="Emancipation Proclamation">Emancipation Proclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Order_No._143" title="General Order No. 143">General Order No. 143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_era#Lincoln's_presidential_Reconstruction" title="Reconstruction era">Lincoln's presidential Reconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_percent_plan" title="Ten percent plan">Ten percent plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_Act" title="National Bank Act">National Bank Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Loyal_National_League" title="Women's Loyal National League">Women's Loyal National League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_draft_riots" title="New York City draft riots">New York City draft riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1863 State of the Union Address">1863 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1864</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Davis_Bill" title="Wade–Davis Bill">Wade–Davis Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_United_States_elections" title="1864 United States elections">1864 elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1864 State of the Union Address">1864 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1865</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">13th Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Second inauguration of Abraham Lincoln">Second inauguration of Abraham Lincoln</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln%27s_second_inaugural_address" title="Abraham Lincoln's second inaugural address">Address</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Codes_(United_States)" title="Black Codes (United States)">Black Codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Field_Orders_No._15" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Field Orders No. 15">Special Field Orders No. 15 </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedmen%27s_Bureau" title="Freedmen's Bureau">Freedmen's Bureau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedmen%27s_Bureau_bills" title="Freedmen's Bureau bills">Freedmen's Bureau bills</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Appomattox_Court_House" title="Battle of Appomattox Court House">Confederates surrender at Appomattox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Assassination of Abraham Lincoln">Assassination of Abraham Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaw_University" title="Shaw University">Shaw University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Departure_(United_States)" title="New Departure (United States)">New Departure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1865 State of the Union Address">1865 State of the Union Address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Founding of the Ku Klux Klan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1866</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1866" title="Civil Rights Act of 1866">Civil Rights Act of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_massacre_of_1866" title="Memphis massacre of 1866">Memphis massacre of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Massacre_of_1866" title="New Orleans Massacre of 1866">New Orleans Massacre of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swing_Around_the_Circle" title="Swing Around the Circle">Swing Around the Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Homestead_Act_of_1866" title="Southern Homestead Act of 1866">Southern Homestead Act of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith_Conference_and_Cherokee_Reconstruction_Treaty_of_1866" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Smith Conference and Cherokee Reconstruction Treaty of 1866">Fort Smith Conference and Cherokee Reconstruction Treaty of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Organic_Act#Treaty_of_Washington_(1866)" title="Oklahoma Organic Act">Choctaw and Chickasaw Treaty of Washington of 1866</a></li> <li>Tennessee readmitted to Union</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petition_for_Universal_Freedom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petition for Universal Freedom (page does not exist)">Petition for Universal Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Labor_Union" title="National Labor Union">National Labor Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Garland" title="Ex parte Garland">Ex parte Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_Milligan" title="Ex parte Milligan">Ex parte Milligan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slave_Kidnapping_Act_of_1866" title="Slave Kidnapping Act of 1866">Slave Kidnapping Act of 1866</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1866_United_States_elections" title="1866 United States elections">1866 elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1867</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenure_of_Office_Act_(1867)" title="Tenure of Office Act (1867)">Tenure of Office Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_of_Army_Act" title="Command of Army Act">Command of Army Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicine_Lodge_Treaty#Indian_Peace_Commission" title="Medicine Lodge Treaty">Indian Peace Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knights_of_the_White_Camelia" title="Knights of the White Camelia">Knights of the White Camelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_riot" title="Pulaski riot">Pulaski riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Acts" title="Reconstruction Acts">Reconstruction Acts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_military_districts" title="Reconstruction military districts">Reconstruction military districts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_conventions_of_1867&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitutional conventions of 1867 (page does not exist)">Constitutional conventions of 1867</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habeas_Corpus_Act_of_1867" title="Habeas Corpus Act of 1867">Habeas Corpus Act of 1867</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peonage_Act_of_1867" title="Peonage Act of 1867">Peonage Act of 1867</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1867 State of the Union Address">1867 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1868</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">14th Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson" title="Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson">Second impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment of Andrew Johnson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Timeline of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_impeachment_managers_investigation" title="1868 impeachment managers investigation">Impeachment managers investigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_impeachment_adopted_against_Andrew_Johnson" title="Articles of impeachment adopted against Andrew Johnson">Articles of impeachment</a></li></ul></li> <li>Arkansas readmitted to Union</li> <li>Florida readmitted to Union</li> <li>North Carolina readmitted to Union</li> <li>South Carolina readmitted to Union</li> <li>Louisiana readmitted to Union</li> <li>Alabama readmitted to Union</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opelousas_massacre" title="Opelousas massacre">Opelousas massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Acts" title="Reconstruction Acts">Fourth Reconstruction Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_v._Stanton" title="Georgia v. Stanton">Georgia v. Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_States_elections" title="1868 United States elections">1868 elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1868 State of the Union Address">1868 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1869</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Woman_Suffrage_Association" title="National Woman Suffrage Association">National Woman Suffrage Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Woman_Suffrage_Association" title="American Woman Suffrage Association">American Woman Suffrage Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Claims" title="Alabama Claims">Alabama Claims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_annexation_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Proposed annexation of Santo Domingo">Proposed annexation of Santo Domingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Board_of_Indian_Commissioners" title="Board of Indian Commissioners">Board of Indian Commissioners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Credit_Act_of_1869" title="Public Credit Act of 1869">Public Credit Act of 1869</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Friday_(1869)" title="Black Friday (1869)">Black Friday (1869)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ex_parte_McCardle" title="Ex parte McCardle">Ex parte McCardle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_transcontinental_railroad" title="First transcontinental railroad">First transcontinental railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1869_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1869 State of the Union Address">1869 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1870</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">15th Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enforcement_Act_of_1870" title="Enforcement Act of 1870">Enforcement Act of 1870</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturalization_Act_of_1870" title="Naturalization Act of 1870">Naturalization Act of 1870</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk%E2%80%93Holden_war" title="Kirk–Holden war">Kirk–Holden war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoffner_Act" title="Shoffner Act">Shoffner Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_elections" title="1870 United States elections">1870 elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1870_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1870 State of the Union Address">1870 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1871</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ku_Klux_Klan_hearings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ku Klux Klan hearings (page does not exist)">Ku Klux Klan hearings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Enforcement_Act" title="Second Enforcement Act">Second Enforcement Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan_Act" title="Ku Klux Klan Act">Ku Klux Klan Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcorn_State_University" title="Alcorn State University">Alcorn State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meridian_race_riot_of_1871" title="Meridian race riot of 1871">Meridian race riot of 1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Washington_(1871)" title="Treaty of Washington (1871)">Treaty of Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandals_of_the_Ulysses_S._Grant_administration#New_York_custom_house_ring" title="Scandals of the Ulysses S. Grant administration">New York custom house ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_service_commission" title="Civil service commission">Civil service commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_expedition_to_Korea" title="United States expedition to Korea">United States expedition to Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1871 State of the Union Address">1871 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1872</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Mining_Act_of_1872" title="General Mining Act of 1872">General Mining Act of 1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A9dit_Mobilier_scandal" title="Crédit Mobilier scandal">Crédit Mobilier scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modoc_War" title="Modoc War">Modoc War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Route_scandal" title="Star Route scandal">Star Route scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salary_Grab_Act" title="Salary Grab Act">Salary Grab Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_Act" title="Amnesty Act">Amnesty Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_United_States_elections" title="1872 United States elections">1872 elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1872 State of the Union Address">1872 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1873</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1873" title="Panic of 1873">Panic of 1873</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colfax_massacre" title="Colfax massacre">Colfax massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_Culture_Act" title="Timber Culture Act">Timber Culture Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slaughter-House_Cases" title="Slaughter-House Cases">Slaughter-House Cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginius_Affair" title="Virginius Affair">Virginius Affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1873" title="Coinage Act of 1873">Coinage Act of 1873</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Depression" title="Long Depression">Long Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comstock_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Comstock laws">Comstock laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1873 State of the Union Address">1873 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1874</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooks%E2%80%93Baxter_War" title="Brooks–Baxter War">Brooks–Baxter War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Liberty_Place" title="Battle of Liberty Place">Battle of Liberty Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coushatta_massacre" title="Coushatta massacre">Coushatta massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_War" title="Red River War">Red River War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_Culture_Act" title="Timber Culture Act">Timber Culture Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_League" title="White League">White League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Massacre_of_1874" title="Election Massacre of 1874">Election Massacre of 1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicksburg_massacre" title="Vicksburg massacre">Vicksburg massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hills_Gold_Rush" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Hills Gold Rush">Black Hills Gold Rush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanborn_incident" title="Sanborn incident">Sanborn incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Moiety_Acts" title="Anti-Moiety Acts">Anti-Moiety Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_United_States_elections" title="1874 United States elections">1874 elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1874 State of the Union Address">1874 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1875</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Cruikshank" title="United States v. Cruikshank">United States v. Cruikshank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1875" title="Civil Rights Act of 1875">Civil Rights Act of 1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Shirts_(United_States)" title="Red Shirts (United States)">Red Shirts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Plan" title="Mississippi Plan">Mississippi Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clifton_Riot_of_1875&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clifton Riot of 1875 (page does not exist)">Clifton Riot of 1875</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yazoo_City_Riot_of_1875&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yazoo City Riot of 1875 (page does not exist)">Yazoo City Riot of 1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specie_Payment_Resumption_Act" title="Specie Payment Resumption Act">Specie Payment Resumption Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiskey_Ring" title="Whiskey Ring">Whiskey Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeler_Compromise" title="Wheeler Compromise">Wheeler Compromise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandals_of_the_Ulysses_S._Grant_administration#Department_of_Interior" title="Scandals of the Ulysses S. Grant administration">Delano affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_%26_Boyd" class="mw-redirect" title="Pratt & Boyd">Pratt & Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1875 State of the Union Address">1875 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1876</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamburg_massacre" title="Hamburg massacre">Hamburg massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_civil_disturbances_of_1876" title="South Carolina civil disturbances of 1876">South Carolina civil disturbances of 1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellenton_massacre" title="Ellenton massacre">Ellenton massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sioux_War_of_1876" title="Great Sioux War of 1876">Great Sioux War of 1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Little_Bighorn" title="Battle of the Little Bighorn">Battle of the Little Bighorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Reese" title="United States v. Reese">United States v. Reese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trader_post_scandal" title="Trader post scandal">Trader post scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Exposition" title="Centennial Exposition">Centennial Exposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandals_of_the_Ulysses_S._Grant_administration#Cattellism" title="Scandals of the Ulysses S. Grant administration">Cattellism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_burglary_conspiracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Safe burglary conspiracy">Safe burglary conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_United_States_elections" title="1876 United States elections">1876 elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1876 State of the Union Address">1876 State of the Union Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">1877</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(United_States)" title="Electoral Commission (United States)">Electoral Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1877" title="Compromise of 1877">Compromise of 1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nez_Perce_War" title="Nez Perce War">Nez Perce War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Land_Act" title="Desert Land Act">Desert Land Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Railroad_Strike_of_1877" title="Great Railroad Strike of 1877">Great Railroad Strike of 1877</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Aftermath</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Posse_Comitatus_Act" title="Posse Comitatus Act">Posse Comitatus Act</a> (1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Cases" title="Civil Rights Cases">Civil Rights Cases</a> (1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Harris" title="United States v. Harris">United States v. Harris</a> (1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plessy_v._Ferguson" title="Plessy v. Ferguson">Plessy v. Ferguson</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williams_v._Mississippi" title="Williams v. Mississippi">Williams v. Mississippi</a> (1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington_insurrection_of_1898" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilmington insurrection of 1898">Wilmington insurrection of 1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giles_v._Harris" title="Giles v. Harris">Giles v. Harris</a> (1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disfranchisement_after_the_Reconstruction_era" title="Disfranchisement after the Reconstruction era">Disenfranchisement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Historiography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_Reconstruction_era" title="Bibliography of the Reconstruction era">Bibliography of the Reconstruction era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Shepherd_Pike" title="James Shepherd Pike">James Shepherd Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Prostrate_State:_South_Carolina_under_Negro_Government&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Prostrate State: South Carolina under Negro Government (page does not exist)">The Prostrate State</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bryce,_1st_Viscount_Bryce" title="James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce">James Bryce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Commonwealth" class="mw-redirect" title="The American Commonwealth">The American Commonwealth</a> (1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_G._Bowers" title="Claude G. Bowers">Claude G. Bowers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Tragic_Era&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Tragic Era (page does not exist)">The Tragic Era</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burgess_(political_scientist)" title="John Burgess (political scientist)">John Burgess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Lynwood_Fleming" title="Walter Lynwood Fleming">Walter Lynwood Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunning_School" title="Dunning School">Dunning School</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Archibald_Dunning" title="William Archibald Dunning">William Archibald Dunning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Beard" title="Charles A. Beard">Charles A. Beard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_K._Beale" title="Howard K. Beale">Howard K. Beale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">W. E. B. Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Reconstruction_in_America" title="Black Reconstruction in America">Black Reconstruction in America</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Vann_Woodward" title="C. Vann Woodward">C. Vann Woodward</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joel_Williamson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joel Williamson (page does not exist)">Joel Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_R._Brock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William R. Brock (page does not exist)">William R. Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Crisis" title="The American Crisis">The American Crisis</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hope_Franklin" title="John Hope Franklin">John Hope Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=From_Slavery_to_Freedom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="From Slavery to Freedom (page does not exist)">From Slavery to Freedom</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=After_Slavery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="After Slavery (page does not exist)">After Slavery</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Litwack" title="Leon Litwack">Leon Litwack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Been_in_the_Storm_So_Long" title="Been in the Storm So Long">Been in the Storm So Long</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Foner" title="Eric Foner">Eric Foner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:_America%27s_Unfinished_Revolution,_1863%E2%80%931877" title="Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863–1877">Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863–1877</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_M._Stampp" title="Kenneth M. Stampp">Kenneth M. Stampp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Hahn" title="Steven Hahn">Steven Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Nation_Under_Our_Feet" title="A Nation Under Our Feet">A Nation Under Our Feet</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Second_Founding" title="The Second Founding">The Second Founding: How the Civil War and Reconstruction Remade the Constitution</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Memory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winslow_Homer" title="Winslow Homer">Winslow Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Visit_from_the_Old_Mistress" title="A Visit from the Old Mistress">A Visit from the Old Mistress</a> (1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dixon_Jr." title="Thomas Dixon Jr.">Thomas Dixon Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Leopard%27s_Spots" title="The Leopard's Spots">The Leopard's Spots</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clansman:_A_Historical_Romance_of_the_Ku_Klux_Klan" title="The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan">The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._W._Griffith" title="D. W. Griffith">D. W. Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Birth_of_a_Nation" title="The Birth of a Nation">The Birth of a Nation</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Daughters_of_the_Confederacy" title="United Daughters of the Confederacy">United Daughters of the Confederacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_W._Blight" title="David W. Blight">David W. Blight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_Reunion" title="Race and Reunion">Race and Reunion</a> (2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_the_United_States" title="Women's suffrage in the United States">Women's suffrage in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_history_of_the_United_States" title="Labor history of the United States">Labor history of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilded_Age" title="Gilded Age">Gilded Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws" title="Jim Crow laws">Jim Crow era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">Civil rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_frontier" title="American frontier">American frontier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_American_founding_fathers_of_the_United_States" title="African American founding fathers of the United States">African American founding fathers of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty_acres_and_a_mule" title="Forty acres and a mule">Forty acres and a mule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus" title="Habeas corpus">Habeas corpus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931917)" title="History of the United States (1865–1917)">History of the United States (1865–1917)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">Paramilitary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_(human_categorization)" title="Race (human categorization)">Race (human categorization)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction_Treaties" title="Reconstruction Treaties">Reconstruction Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffrage" title="Suffrage">Suffrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Technological and industrial history of the United States">Technological and industrial history of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_supremacy" title="White supremacy">White supremacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitecapping" title="Whitecapping">Whitecapping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Reconstruction_Era" title="Category:Reconstruction Era">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&oldid=1253136088">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&oldid=1253136088</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Impeachment_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Category:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson">Impeachment of Andrew Johnson</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1867_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1867 in the United States">1867 in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidential_impeachment_inquiries_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Presidential impeachment inquiries in the United States">Presidential impeachment inquiries in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:39th_United_States_Congress" title="Category:39th United States Congress">39th United States Congress</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_Congressional_Research_Service" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Congressional Research Service">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Congressional Research Service</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 24 October 2024, at 14:34 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-snt6f","wgBackendResponseTime":150,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.347","walltime":"3.695","ppvisitednodes":{"value":81199,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":484904,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":32573,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":306399,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2966.275 1 -total"," 35.47% 1052.104 398 Template:Ushr"," 19.79% 586.943 397 Template:Party_color"," 15.77% 467.668 1 Template:Reflist"," 11.10% 329.342 1205 Template:US_State_Abbrev"," 8.57% 254.136 32 Template:Cite_web"," 8.11% 240.577 387 Template:Ordinal"," 5.04% 149.630 1 Template:Andrew_Johnson_series"," 4.89% 145.063 1 Template:Sidebar_person/US_President"," 4.34% 128.688 10 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.437","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10421378,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","280","18.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","220","14.3"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","200","13.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","180","11.7"],["?","160","10.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","140","9.1"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","60","3.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","60","3.9"],["pairs","40","2.6"],["gsub","40","2.6"],["[others]","160","10.4"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-57b59b5979-sdjjq","timestamp":"20241127015859","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"First impeachment inquiry into Andrew Johnson","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_impeachment_inquiry_into_Andrew_Johnson","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q111442450","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q111442450","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2021-06-01T13:11:06Z","dateModified":"2024-10-24T14:34:04Z"}</script> </body> </html>