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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Other sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Megalonyx</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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title="Megalonyx – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Megalonyx" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx" title="Megalonyx – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Megalonyx" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%87" title="بزرگ‌پنجه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بزرگ‌پنجه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx" title="Megalonyx – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Megalonyx" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A1" title="מגלוניקס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מגלוניקס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Мегалоникс – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мегалоникс" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx" title="Megalonyx – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Megalonyx" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx" title="Megalonyx – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Megalonyx" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Мегалониксы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мегалониксы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx" title="Megalonyx – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Megalonyx" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx" title="Megalonyx – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Megalonyx" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Мегалонікс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мегалонікс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Megalonyx_jeffersonii&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalonyx jeffersonii">Megalonyx jeffersonii</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Extinct genus of ground sloths</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><i>Megalonyx</i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <a href="/wiki/Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a>-<a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene" title="Late Pleistocene">Late Pleistocene</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hemphillian" title="Hemphillian">Hemphillian</a>-<a href="/wiki/Rancholabrean" title="Rancholabrean">Rancholabrean</a>) <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">5–0.013 <a href="/wiki/Megaannum" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaannum">Ma</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"> <div style="position:absolute; left:218.30769230769px; font-size:50%"><div style="position:relative; left:-0.42em">↓</div></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Megalonyx_AMNH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Megalonyx_AMNH.jpg/220px-Megalonyx_AMNH.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Megalonyx_AMNH.jpg/330px-Megalonyx_AMNH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Megalonyx_AMNH.jpg/440px-Megalonyx_AMNH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2046" data-file-height="1587" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i>M. wheatleyi</i> skeleton in <a href="/wiki/AMNH" class="mw-redirect" title="AMNH">AMNH</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Megalonyx_wheatleyi12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Megalonyx_wheatleyi12.jpg/220px-Megalonyx_wheatleyi12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Megalonyx_wheatleyi12.jpg/330px-Megalonyx_wheatleyi12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Megalonyx_wheatleyi12.jpg/440px-Megalonyx_wheatleyi12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1126" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="/wiki/Life_restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Life restoration">Life restoration</a> of <i>M. wheatleyi</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Megalonyx" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pilosa" title="Pilosa">Pilosa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;">†</span><a href="/wiki/Megalonychidae" title="Megalonychidae">Megalonychidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;">†</span><a href="/wiki/Megalonychinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalonychinae">Megalonychinae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;">†</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Megalonyx</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a>, 1799<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Type_species" title="Type species">Type species</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><i>†Megatherium jeffersonii<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Anselme_Ga%C3%ABtan_Desmarest" title="Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest">Desmarest</a>, 1822</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Species </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li>†<i>M. jeffersonii</i> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Anselme_Ga%C3%ABtan_Desmarest" title="Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest">Desmarest</a>, 1822</span>)</li> <li>†<i>M. leptostomus</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">Cope, 1893</span></li> <li>†<i>M. matthisi</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">Hirschfeld & Webb, 1963</span></li> <li>†<i>M. obtusidens</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">Webb & Perrigo, 1985</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>†<i>M. wheatleyi</i> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Drinker_Cope" title="Edward Drinker Cope">Cope</a>, 1871</span></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Megalonyx</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>, "great-claw") is an extinct <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ground_sloth" title="Ground sloth">ground sloths</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> <a href="/wiki/Megalonychidae" title="Megalonychidae">Megalonychidae</a>, native to North America. It evolved during the <a href="/wiki/Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a> Epoch and became extinct during at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene" title="Late Pleistocene">Late Pleistocene</a>, living from ~5 million to ~13,000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Type_species" title="Type species">type species</a>, <i>M. jeffersonii</i> (also called <b>Jefferson's ground sloth</b>), the youngest and largest known species, measured about 3 meters (9.8 ft) in length and weighed up to 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-library.sandiegozoo.org_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-library.sandiegozoo.org-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Megalonyx</i> is suggested to have descended from <i><a href="/wiki/Pliometanastes" title="Pliometanastes">Pliometanastes</a>,</i> a genus of ground sloth that had arrived in North America during the Late <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a> around 9 million years ago, prior to the main phase of the <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Interchange" title="Great American Interchange">Great American Interchange</a>. <i>Megalonyx</i> had the widest distribution of any North American ground sloth, having a range encompassing most of the contiguous United States, extending as far north as Alaska during warm <a href="/wiki/Interglacial" title="Interglacial">interglacial</a> periods. </p><p><i>Megalonyx</i> is notable for having been originally described by future U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> in 1799 based on remains found in West Virginia; the species <i>M. jeffersonii</i> was described later, named in honor of him.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Megalonyx</i> became extinct as part of the <a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene_extinctions" title="Late Pleistocene extinctions">end-Pleistocene extinction event</a>, simultaneously with all other mainland ground sloths and most other large mammals native to the Americas. These extinctions followed the <a href="/wiki/Peopling_of_the_Americas" title="Peopling of the Americas">arrival of humans in the Americas</a>, and there is evidence that humans interacted with <i>Megalonyx</i>, including butchering its remains shortly prior to its extinction. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Megalonyx_CasparWistar_claw_Griffe1799.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Megalonyx_CasparWistar_claw_Griffe1799.jpg/220px-Megalonyx_CasparWistar_claw_Griffe1799.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Megalonyx_CasparWistar_claw_Griffe1799.jpg/330px-Megalonyx_CasparWistar_claw_Griffe1799.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Megalonyx_CasparWistar_claw_Griffe1799.jpg/440px-Megalonyx_CasparWistar_claw_Griffe1799.jpg 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>Bones and claw cores of <i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i>, illustrated by Wistar, 1799</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1796, Colonel <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_(Virginia_settler)" title="John Stuart (Virginia settler)">John Stuart</a> sent <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, shortly before he took office as <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a>, some fossil bones: a <a href="/wiki/Femur" title="Femur">femur</a> fragment, <a href="/wiki/Ulna" title="Ulna">ulna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radius_(bone)" title="Radius (bone)">radius</a>, and foot bones including three large claws. The discoveries were made in a cave in <a href="/wiki/Greenbrier_County,_West_Virginia" title="Greenbrier County, West Virginia">Greenbrier County</a>, Virginia (presently <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>). Jefferson examined the bones and presented his observations in the paper "A Memoir on the Discovery of Certain Bones of a Quadruped of the Clawed Kind in the Western Parts of Virginia" to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> on March 10, 1797.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The paper was published in 1799, in the same volume as an accompanying paper by his colleague <a href="/wiki/Caspar_Wistar_(physician)" title="Caspar Wistar (physician)">Caspar Wistar</a>, who provided detailed anatomical information about the bones, and illustrated them.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together these two papers are considered the first North American publications devoted to paleontology. </p><p>In the 1799 paper, Jefferson named the then-unknown animal <i>Megalonyx</i> ("great-claw") and compared each recovered bone to the corresponding bone in a <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his original draft of the paper, Jefferson thought the animal was a carnivore, one of the large cats, writing “Let us only say then, what we may safely say, that he was more than three times as large as the lion”. In a postscript, composed after learning of Baron Georges Cuvier's description and illustration of the giant ground sloth <i><a href="/wiki/Megatherium" title="Megatherium">Megatherium</a>,</i> discovered in Argentina (mistakenly referred to as Paraguay), Jefferson revised his interpretation and compared <i>Megalonyx</i> to <i>Megatherium</i>. </p><p>Contrary to Baron Cuvier's view that <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinction</a> had played an important role in natural history, an idea that would reach scientific consensus decades later, Jefferson wrote about a "completeness of nature" whose inherent balance did not allow species to go extinct naturally. He asked <a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition" title="Lewis and Clark Expedition">Lewis and Clark</a>, as they planned their famous expedition in 1804–1806, to keep an eye out for living specimens of <i>Megalonyx</i>, as this would support his case. His idea made no headway and was later shown to be incorrect.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Jefferson's notion that humans and <i>Megalonyx</i> co-existed in North America has been shown to be correct, as some bones of <i>Megalonyx</i> show marks made by flint tools.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His presentation to the American Philosophical Society in 1797 is often credited as the beginning of <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate_paleontology" title="Vertebrate paleontology">vertebrate paleontology</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. In 1799, <a href="/wiki/Caspar_Wistar_(physician)" title="Caspar Wistar (physician)">Caspar Wistar</a> correctly identified the remains as those of a giant ground sloth. In 1822, Desmarest named the species <i>Megatherium jeffersonii</i> in honor of the former statesman and scientist, although he classified it in the genus <i>Megatherium</i> instead. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Harlan" title="Richard Harlan">Richard Harlan</a> in 1825 revived the genus <i>Megalonyx</i> with the type species <i>M. jeffersonii</i>, and provided additional taxonomic description<i>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scientific papers variously give the <a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)#Author_citation" title="Taxonomy (biology)">authority</a> for the genus as Jefferson 1799 (after Jefferson's original naming of the genus),<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Harlan 1825.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most authors gave Jefferson as the authority on the genus until a 1942 paper by <a href="/wiki/George_Gaylord_Simpson" title="George Gaylord Simpson">George Gaylord Simpson</a>, who suggested that the attribution of the authority to Jefferson “is certainly erroneous,”, and suggested that Harlan “may have been the first to use the name in a valid Linnaean form”. A 2024 review paper by <a href="/wiki/Loren_E._Babcock" title="Loren E. Babcock">Loren E. Babcock</a> found that Simpson's views were mistaken, and clarified that Jefferson was the valid author of the genus, as the description was done in accordance with the rules of taxonomic nomenclature at the time, despite him not assigning a species to it.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recent research confirms that the sloth bones were discovered in <a href="/wiki/Haynes_Cave" title="Haynes Cave">Haynes Cave</a> in <a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_West_Virginia" title="Monroe County, West Virginia">Monroe County, West Virginia</a>. For many decades in the twentieth century, the reported origin of Jefferson's "Certain Bones" was <a href="/wiki/Organ_Cave" title="Organ Cave">Organ Cave</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Greenbrier_County,_West_Virginia" title="Greenbrier County, West Virginia">Greenbrier County, West Virginia</a>. This story was popularized in the 1920s by a local man, Andrew Price of <a href="/wiki/Marlinton,_West_Virginia" title="Marlinton, West Virginia">Marlinton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story came under scrutiny when in 1993 two fragments of a <i>Megalonyx</i> <a href="/wiki/Scapula" title="Scapula">scapula</a> were found in Haynes Cave in neighboring Monroe County. <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian</a> <a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">paleontologist</a> Frederick Grady presented evidence in 1995 confirming Haynes Cave as the original source of Jefferson's fossil.<sup id="cite_ref-Grady_(1995)_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grady_(1995)-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jefferson reported that the bones had been found by <a href="/wiki/Potassium_nitrate" title="Potassium nitrate">saltpeter</a> workers. He gave the cave owner's name as Frederic Crower. Correspondence between Jefferson and Colonel Stuart, who sent him the bones, indicates that the cave was located about five miles from Stuart's home and that it contained <a href="/wiki/Niter" title="Niter">saltpeter</a> vats. An investigation of property ownership records revealed "Frederic Crower" to be an apparent misspelling of the name Frederic Gromer.<sup id="cite_ref-Grady_(1995)_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grady_(1995)-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Organ Cave was never owned by Gromer, but Haynes Cave was. Two letters written by Tristram Patton, the subsequent owner of Haynes Cave, indicate that this cave was located in Monroe County near <a href="/wiki/Secondcreek,_West_Virginia" title="Secondcreek, West Virginia">Second Creek</a>. Monroe County had originally been part of Greenbrier County; it became a separate county shortly after the discovery of the bones. In his own letters Patton described the cave and indicated that more fossil bones remained inside.<sup id="cite_ref-Grady_(1995)_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grady_(1995)-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>M. jeffersonii</i> is still the most commonly identified species of <i>Megalonyx</i>. It was designated the <a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_fossils" title="List of U.S. state fossils">state fossil</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> in 2008. </p><p><i>M. leptostomus,</i> named by Cope (1893), lived from the Blancan to the Irvingtonian. This species lived from Florida to Texas, north to Kansas and Nebraska, and west to New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington. It is about half the size of <i>M. jeffersonii</i>. It evolved into <i>M. wheatleyi</i>, the direct ancestor of <i>M. jeffersonii</i>. Species gradually got larger, with different species mostly based on size and geologic age. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evolution">Evolution</h3></div> <p>The first wave of Megalonychids came to North America by island-hopping across the <a href="/wiki/Central_American_Seaway" title="Central American Seaway">Central American Seaway</a> from <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, where ground sloths arose, prior to formation of the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Panama" title="Isthmus of Panama">Panamanian land bridge</a>. Based on molecular results, its closest living relatives are the <a href="/wiki/Three-toed_sloth" title="Three-toed sloth">three-toed sloths</a> (<i>Bradypus</i>); earlier morphological investigations came to a different conclusion.<sup id="cite_ref-Presslee2019_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presslee2019-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Delsuc2019_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delsuc2019-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Megalonyx</i> is thought to be descended from <i><a href="/wiki/Pliometanastes" title="Pliometanastes">Pliometanastes</a></i>, a ground sloth that arrived in North America during the late Miocene, around 9 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Woodburne2004_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Woodburne2004-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest representatives of <i>Megalonyx</i> appeared during the Pliocene.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>M. jeffersonii</i> lived from the late <a href="/wiki/Middle_Pleistocene" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Pleistocene">Middle Pleistocene</a>/ late <a href="/wiki/Irvingtonian" title="Irvingtonian">Irvingtonian</a> (250–300,000 years ago)<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> through to the <a href="/wiki/Rancholabrean" title="Rancholabrean">Rancholabrean</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Late_Pleistocene" title="Late Pleistocene">Late Pleistocene</a> (11,000 BP<sup id="cite_ref-Fiedal_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiedal-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). <i>M. jeffersonii</i> was probably descended from <i>M. wheatleyi.</i><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Megalonyx</i> lineage increased in size with time, with the last species <i>M. jeffersonii</i> being the largest.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Megalonyx_jeffersonii_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Megalonyx_jeffersonii_%281%29.jpg/220px-Megalonyx_jeffersonii_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Megalonyx_jeffersonii_%281%29.jpg/330px-Megalonyx_jeffersonii_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Megalonyx_jeffersonii_%281%29.jpg/440px-Megalonyx_jeffersonii_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>A skeleton of <i>M. jeffersonii</i> on display in the Orton Geological Museum. This skeleton was mounted in 1896.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i> was a large, heavily built herbivore about 3 m (9.8 ft) long.<sup id="cite_ref-library.sandiegozoo.org_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-library.sandiegozoo.org-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was comparable in size to a cow, with some specimens estimated to exceed 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) in mass.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hind limbs were <a href="/wiki/Plantigrade" title="Plantigrade">plantigrade</a> (flat-footed) and this, along with its stout tail, allowed it to rear up into a semi-erect position to feed.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hands had three large claws, which were likely used for grasping and defense.<sup id="cite_ref-library.sandiegozoo.org_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-library.sandiegozoo.org-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The teeth of <i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i> were hypselodont (high crowned).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Paleobiology">Paleobiology</h2></div> <p>During excavations at Tarkio Valley in southwest <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>, an adult (presumably female) <i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i> was found in direct association with two juveniles of different ages, the oldest suggested to be around 3-4 years old, suggesting that adults cared for young of different generations.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2022 study estimated, based on the ages of the adult and the two juveniles, that the average lifespan was approximately 19 years, sexual maturity occurred at about 6 and a half years, that <a href="/wiki/Gestation" title="Gestation">gestation time</a> was around 14 months, and the interval between births was approximately 3 years.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Megalonyx</i> is thought to have been a <a href="/wiki/Browsing_(herbivory)" title="Browsing (herbivory)">browser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2></div> <p><i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i> ranged over much of North America, with its range spanning nearly the whole contiguous United States and parts of southern Canada, with some remains known as far south as central Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their remains have been found as far north as <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Yukon" title="Yukon">Yukon</a> during <a href="/wiki/Interglacial" title="Interglacial">interglacial</a> intervals.<sup id="cite_ref-McDonald_et_al_2000_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McDonald_et_al_2000-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sloth ranged as far northeast as <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, a specimen was discovered at the <a href="/wiki/Snowmastodon_site" title="Snowmastodon site">Ziegler Reservoir site</a> near Snowmass Village, Colorado, in the Rocky Mountains at an elevation of 8,874 feet (2,705 m).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The habitat of <i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i> was highly variable,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but often associated with <a href="/wiki/Spruce" title="Spruce">spruce</a>-dominated, mixed <a href="/wiki/Conifer" title="Conifer">conifer</a>-<a href="/wiki/Hardwood_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardwood forest">hardwood forest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extinction">Extinction</h2></div> <p><i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i> became extinct at the end of the Pleistocene, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Quaternary_extinction_event" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaternary extinction event">Quaternary extinction event</a>, in which all other mainland ground sloths and most other large mammals of the Americas became extinct.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The youngest confirmed radiocarbon date is in Ohio, dating to 13,180–13,034 <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_calibration" title="Radiocarbon calibration">calibrated</a> years <a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This timing was co-incident with both the <a href="/wiki/Younger_Dryas" title="Younger Dryas">Younger Dryas</a> and a major growth in population of recently arrived <a href="/wiki/Paleo-Indians" title="Paleo-Indians">Paleoindians</a>. In Ohio, a specimen of <i>Megalonyx jeffersonii</i>, dubbed the "Firelands Ground Sloth", dating to around 13,738 to 13,435 calibrated years <a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">Before Present</a> (~11,788 to 11,485 <a href="/wiki/BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a>) was found with cut marks indicative of butchery, suggesting that hunting may have played a role in its extinction.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paramylodon" title="Paramylodon">Paramylodon</a></i> a mylodontid ground sloth native to North America during the Pliocene and Pleistocene</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nothrotheriops" title="Nothrotheriops">Nothrotheriops</a></i> a nothrotheriid ground sloth native to North America during the Pleistocene</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:4-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBabcock2024" class="citation journal cs1">Babcock, Loren E. (18 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/117999/">"Nomenclatural history of <i>Megalonyx</i> Jefferson, 1799 (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Pilosa, Megalonychidae)"</a>. <i>ZooKeys</i> (1195): 297–308. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ZooK.1195..297B">2024ZooK.1195..297B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3897%2Fzookeys.1195.117999">10.3897/zookeys.1195.117999</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1313-2970">1313-2970</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10964019">10964019</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38532771">38532771</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ZooKeys&rft.atitle=Nomenclatural+history+of+Megalonyx+Jefferson%2C+1799+%28Mammalia%2C+Xenarthra%2C+Pilosa%2C+Megalonychidae%29&rft.issue=1195&rft.pages=297-308&rft.date=2024-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10964019%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2024ZooK.1195..297B&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F38532771&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3897%2Fzookeys.1195.117999&rft.issn=1313-2970&rft.aulast=Babcock&rft.aufirst=Loren+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzookeys.pensoft.net%2Farticle%2F117999%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMegalonyx" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=48030"><i>Megalonyx obtusidens</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Fossilworks" title="Fossilworks">Fossilworks</a>.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonaldStaffordGnidovec2015" class="citation journal cs1">McDonald, H. 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(2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333647272">"Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Evolutionary History and Biogeography of Sloths"</a>. <i>Current Biology</i>. <b>29</b> (12): 2031–2042.e6. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019CBio...29E2031D">2019CBio...29E2031D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2019.05.043">10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.043</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11336%2F136908">11336/136908</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31178321">31178321</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Biology&rft.atitle=Ancient+Mitogenomes+Reveal+the+Evolutionary+History+and+Biogeography+of+Sloths&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=2031-2042.e6&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F11336%2F136908&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31178321&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.cub.2019.05.043&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019CBio...29E2031D&rft.aulast=Delsuc&rft.aufirst=F.&rft.au=Kuch%2C+M.&rft.au=Gibb%2C+G.C.&rft.au=Karpinski%2C+E.&rft.au=Hackenberger%2C+D.&rft.au=Szpak%2C+P.&rft.au=Mart%C3%ADnez%2C+J.G.&rft.au=Mead%2C+J.I.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+H.G.&rft.au=MacPhee%2C+R.D.E.&rft.au=Billet%2C+G.&rft.au=Hautier%2C+L.&rft.au=Poinar%2C+H.N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F333647272&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMegalonyx" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Woodburne2004-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Woodburne2004_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTedfordAlbrightBarnoskyFerrusquaia-Villafranca2004" class="citation book cs1">Tedford, R.H.; Albright, L.B.; Barnosky, A.D.; Ferrusquaia-Villafranca, I.; Hunt, R.M.; Storer, J.E.; Swisher, C.C.; Voorhies, M.R.; Webb, S.D.; Whistler, D.P. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-20</span></span> – via Elsevier Science Direct.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+International&rft.atitle=First+record+of+the+extinct+ground+sloth%2C+Megalonyx+jeffersonii%2C+%28Xenarthra%2C+Megalonychidae%29+from+New+York+and+contributions+to+its+paleoecology&rft.volume=530-531&rft.pages=42-46&rft.date=2019-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.quaint.2018.11.021&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019QuInt.530...42M&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=H.+Gregory&rft.au=Feranec%2C+Robert+S.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Norton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS1040618218303252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMegalonyx" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_16648585">"Snowmass tally: 10 mastodons, 4 mammoths, one "once-in-a-lifetime" find"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Denver_Post" title="The Denver Post">The Denver Post</a></i>. 18 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Denver+Post&rft.atitle=Snowmass+tally%3A+10+mastodons%2C+4+mammoths%2C+one+%22once-in-a-lifetime%22+find&rft.date=2010-11-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.denverpost.com%2Fnews%2Fci_16648585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMegalonyx" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchubertGrahamMcDonaldGrimm2004" class="citation journal cs1">Schubert, Blaine W.; Graham, Russell Wm.; McDonald, H. Gregory; Grimm, Eric C.; Stafford, Thomas W. (March 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589400012916/type/journal_article">"Latest Pleistocene paleoecology of Jefferson's ground sloth ( Megalonyx jeffersonii ) and elk-moose ( Cervalces scotti ) in northern Illinois"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Quaternary_Research" title="Quaternary Research">Quaternary Research</a></i>. <b>61</b> (2): 231–240. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004QuRes..61..231S">2004QuRes..61..231S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.yqres.2003.10.005">10.1016/j.yqres.2003.10.005</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0033-5894">0033-5894</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-31</span></span> – via Cambridge Core.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quaternary+Research&rft.atitle=Latest+Pleistocene+paleoecology+of+Jefferson%27s+ground+sloth+%28+Megalonyx+jeffersonii+%29+and+elk-moose+%28+Cervalces+scotti+%29+in+northern+Illinois&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=231-240&rft.date=2004-03&rft.issn=0033-5894&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.yqres.2003.10.005&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004QuRes..61..231S&rft.aulast=Schubert&rft.aufirst=Blaine+W.&rft.au=Graham%2C+Russell+Wm.&rft.au=McDonald%2C+H.+Gregory&rft.au=Grimm%2C+Eric+C.&rft.au=Stafford%2C+Thomas+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fproduct%2Fidentifier%2FS0033589400012916%2Ftype%2Fjournal_article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMegalonyx" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sources">Other sources</h3></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r920966791">.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps-smaller{font-size:85%}</style><span class="smallcaps">Cope, ED.</span> (1871) Preliminary report on the vertebrata discovered in the <a href="/wiki/Port_Kennedy_Bone_Cave" title="Port Kennedy Bone Cave">Port Kennedy Bone Cave</a>. <i>American Philosophical Society</i>, 12:73-102.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r920966791"><span class="smallcaps">Cope, ED.</span> (1893) A preliminary report on the vertebrate paleontology of the Llano Estacado. <i>4th Annual Report on the Geological Survey of Texas</i>: 136pp.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r920966791"><span class="smallcaps">Hirschfeld, SE. and SD. Webb</span> (1968) Plio-Pleistocene megalonychid sloths of North America. <i>Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences</i>, 12(5):213-296.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081008044419/http://slothcentral.com/"><i>Sloth Central</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110607205345/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/ZooGoer/2004/6/sloths.cfm">Smithsonian National Zoological Park: At the Zoo - Slow and Steady Sloths</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Pilosan_genera" title="Template:Pilosan genera"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pilosan_genera" title="Template talk:Pilosan genera"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pilosan_genera" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pilosan genera"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pilosan_genera" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pilosa" title="Pilosa">Pilosan</a> genera</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Superorder: <a href="/wiki/Xenarthra" title="Xenarthra">Xenarthra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Pilosa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pilosa" title="Pilosa">Pilosa</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Vermilingua" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anteater" title="Anteater">Vermilingua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Argyromanis" title="Argyromanis">Argyromanis</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Orthoarthrus" title="Orthoarthrus">Orthoarthrus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cyclopedidae" title="Cyclopedidae">Cyclopedidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Silky_anteater" title="Silky anteater">Cyclopes</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Palaeomyrmidon" title="Palaeomyrmidon">Palaeomyrmidon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Myrmecophagidae" title="Myrmecophagidae">Myrmecophagidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Giant_anteater" title="Giant anteater">Myrmecophaga</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Neotamandua" title="Neotamandua">Neotamandua</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Protamandua" title="Protamandua">Protamandua</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tamandua" title="Tamandua">Tamandua</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Sloth" title="Sloth">Folivora</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<i><a href="/wiki/Pseudoglyptodon" title="Pseudoglyptodon">Pseudoglyptodon</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="†Megalocnidae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Megalocnidae" title="Megalocnidae">Megalocnidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acratocnus" title="Acratocnus">Acratocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imagocnus" title="Imagocnus">Imagocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megalocnus" title="Megalocnus">Megalocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesocnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesocnus (page does not exist)">Mesocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miocnus" title="Miocnus">Miocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neocnus" title="Neocnus">Neocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parocnus" title="Parocnus">Parocnus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Mylodontoidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Mylodontoidea">Mylodontoidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Two-toed_sloth" title="Two-toed sloth">Choloepus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Scelidotheriidae" title="Scelidotheriidae">Scelidotheriidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Analcitherium" title="Analcitherium">Analcitherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catonyx" title="Catonyx">Catonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chubutherium" title="Chubutherium">Chubutherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nematherium" title="Nematherium">Nematherium</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neonematherium" title="Neonematherium">Neonematherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proscelidodon" title="Proscelidodon">Proscelidodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scelidodon" title="Scelidodon">Scelidodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scelidotheridium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scelidotheridium (page does not exist)">Scelidotheridium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scelidotheriops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scelidotheriops (page does not exist)">Scelidotheriops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scelidotherium" title="Scelidotherium">Scelidotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibyllotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibyllotherium (page does not exist)">Sibyllotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Valgipes" title="Valgipes">Valgipes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Mylodontidae" title="Mylodontidae">Mylodontidae</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baraguatherium" title="Baraguatherium">Baraguatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eionaletherium" title="Eionaletherium">Eionaletherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nematherium" title="Nematherium">Nematherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octodontobradys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Octodontobradys (page does not exist)">Octodontobradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Octodontotherium" title="Octodontotherium">Octodontotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Octomylodon" title="Octomylodon">Octomylodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orophodon" title="Orophodon">Orophodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paroctodontotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paroctodontotherium (page does not exist)">Paroctodontotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudoprepotherium" title="Pseudoprepotherium">Pseudoprepotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Urumacotherium" title="Urumacotherium">Urumacotherium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mylodontinae" title="Mylodontinae">Mylodontinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Archaeomylodon" title="Archaeomylodon">Archaeomylodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brievabradys" title="Brievabradys">Brievabradys</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossotheriopsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glossotheriopsis (page does not exist)">Glossotheriopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megabradys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megabradys (page does not exist)">Megabradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mylodonopsis" title="Mylodonopsis">Mylodonopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ocnotherium" title="Ocnotherium">Ocnotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oreomylodon" title="Oreomylodon">Oreomylodon</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Promylodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Promylodon (page does not exist)">Promylodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ranculcus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ranculcus (page does not exist)">Ranculcus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strabosodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strabosodon (page does not exist)">Strabosodon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lestodontini" class="mw-redirect" title="Lestodontini">Lestodontini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bolivartherium" title="Bolivartherium">Bolivartherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lestobradys" title="Lestobradys">Lestobradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lestodon" title="Lestodon">Lestodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magdalenabradys" title="Magdalenabradys">Magdalenabradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sphenotherus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sphenotherus (page does not exist)">Sphenotherus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thinobadistes" title="Thinobadistes">Thinobadistes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mylodontini" class="mw-redirect" title="Mylodontini">Mylodontini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glossotheridium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glossotheridium (page does not exist)">Glossotheridium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glossotherium" title="Glossotherium">Glossotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiyumylodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiyumylodon (page does not exist)">Kiyumylodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mylodon" title="Mylodon">Mylodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paramylodon" title="Paramylodon">Paramylodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pleurolestodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pleurolestodon (page does not exist)">Pleurolestodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simomylodon" title="Simomylodon">Simomylodon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Megatherioidea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Megatherioidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Megatherioidea">Megatherioidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Synocnus_comes.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neocnus comes"><img alt="Neocnus comes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Synocnus_comes.jpg/140px-Synocnus_comes.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Synocnus_comes.jpg/210px-Synocnus_comes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Synocnus_comes.jpg/280px-Synocnus_comes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="267" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Megatherioidea" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Megatherioidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Megatherioidea">Megatherioidea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Megatherioidea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Megatherioidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Megatherioidea">Megatherioidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Three-toed_sloth" title="Three-toed sloth">Bradypus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Hapalops" title="Hapalops">Hapalops</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Hiskatherium" title="Hiskatherium">Hiskatherium</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyperleptus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyperleptus (page does not exist)">Hyperleptus</a></i></li> <li>†<i><a href="/wiki/Pelecyodon" title="Pelecyodon">Pelecyodon</a></i></li> <li>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schismotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schismotherium (page does not exist)">Schismotherium</a></i></li> <li>†<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Similhapalops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Similhapalops (page does not exist)">Similhapalops</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Megalonychidae" title="Megalonychidae">Megalonychidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deseadognathus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deseadognathus (page does not exist)">Deseadognathus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hapalops" title="Hapalops">Hapalops</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hyperleptus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hyperleptus (page does not exist)">Hyperleptus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamocnus" title="Mesopotamocnus">Mesopotamocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulocnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulocnus (page does not exist)">Paulocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proplatyarthrus" title="Proplatyarthrus">Proplatyarthrus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Urumacocnus" title="Urumacocnus">Urumacocnus</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ortotheriinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ortotheriinae">Ortotheriinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diodomus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diodomus (page does not exist)">Diodomus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eucholoeops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eucholoeops (page does not exist)">Eucholoeops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hapaloides" title="Hapaloides">Hapaloides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megalonychotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megalonychotherium (page does not exist)">Megalonychotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ortotherium" title="Ortotherium">Ortotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paranabradys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paranabradys (page does not exist)">Paranabradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pliomorphus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pliomorphus (page does not exist)">Pliomorphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proschismotherium" title="Proschismotherium">Proschismotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudortotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudortotherium (page does not exist)">Pseudortotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torcellia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torcellia (page does not exist)">Torcellia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Megalonychinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalonychinae">Megalonychinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ahytherium" title="Ahytherium">Ahytherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Australonyx" title="Australonyx">Australonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megalonychops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megalonychops (page does not exist)">Megalonychops</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Megalonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megistonyx" title="Megistonyx">Megistonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meizonyx" title="Meizonyx">Meizonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nohochichak" title="Nohochichak">Nohochichak</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pattersonocnus" title="Pattersonocnus">Pattersonocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pliometanastes" title="Pliometanastes">Pliometanastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protomegalonyx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protomegalonyx (page does not exist)">Protomegalonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinclairia_(mammal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinclairia (mammal) (page does not exist)">Sinclairia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xibalbaonyx" title="Xibalbaonyx">Xibalbaonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zacatzontli_(mammal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zacatzontli (mammal) (page does not exist)">Zacatzontli</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Megatheria" class="mw-redirect" title="Megatheria">Megatheria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Analcimorphus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analcimorphus (page does not exist)">Analcimorphus</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nothrotheriidae" title="Nothrotheriidae">Nothrotheriidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neohapalops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neohapalops (page does not exist)">Neohapalops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thalassocnus" title="Thalassocnus">Thalassocnus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nothrotheriinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nothrotheriinae">Nothrotheriinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amphibradys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amphibradys (page does not exist)">Amphibradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aymaratherium" title="Aymaratherium">Aymaratherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chasicobradys" title="Chasicobradys">Chasicobradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Huilabradys" title="Huilabradys">Huilabradys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lakukullus" title="Lakukullus">Lakukullus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mcdonaldocnus" title="Mcdonaldocnus">Mcdonaldocnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mionothropus" title="Mionothropus">Mionothropus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nothropus" title="Nothropus">Nothropus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nothrotheriops" title="Nothrotheriops">Nothrotheriops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nothrotherium" title="Nothrotherium">Nothrotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pronothrotherium" title="Pronothrotherium">Pronothrotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xyophorus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xyophorus (page does not exist)">Xyophorus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Megatheriidae" title="Megatheriidae">Megatheriidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Thalassocnus" title="Thalassocnus">Thalassocnus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Planopsinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Planopsinae">Planopsinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planops (page does not exist)">Planops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prepotherium" title="Prepotherium">Prepotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prepoplanops" title="Prepoplanops">Prepoplanops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proprepotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proprepotherium (page does not exist)">Proprepotherium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Megatheriinae" title="Megatheriinae">Megatheriinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anisodontherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anisodontherium (page does not exist)">Anisodontherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diabolotherium" title="Diabolotherium">Diabolotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eomegatherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eomegatherium (page does not exist)">Eomegatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eremotherium" title="Eremotherium">Eremotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megathericulus" title="Megathericulus">Megathericulus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megatheridium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megatheridium (page does not exist)">Megatheridium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megatheriops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megatheriops (page does not exist)">Megatheriops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megatherium" title="Megatherium">Megatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ocnopus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ocnopus (page does not exist)">Ocnopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perezfontanatherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perezfontanatherium (page does not exist)">Perezfontanatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plesiomegatherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plesiomegatherium (page does not exist)">Plesiomegatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pliomegatherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pliomegatherium (page does not exist)">Pliomegatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proeremotherium" title="Proeremotherium">Proeremotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Promegatherium" title="Promegatherium">Promegatherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyramiodontherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyramiodontherium (page does not exist)">Pyramiodontherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sibotherium" title="Sibotherium">Sibotherium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urumaquia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urumaquia (page does not exist)">Urumaquia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Megatherum_DB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Megatherium"><img alt="Megatherium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Megatherum_DB.jpg/140px-Megatherum_DB.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Megatherum_DB.jpg/210px-Megatherum_DB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Megatherum_DB.jpg/280px-Megatherum_DB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="733" data-file-height="1064" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Thomas_Jefferson" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Template:Thomas Jefferson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Template talk:Thomas Jefferson"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thomas Jefferson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Thomas_Jefferson" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">3rd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1801–1809)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">2nd</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1797–1801)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_secretaries_of_state_of_the_United_States" title="List of secretaries of state of the United States">1st</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> (1790–1793)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_France" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to France">U.S. Minister to France</a> (1785–1789)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_delegates_to_the_Continental_Congress" title="List of delegates to the Continental Congress">Delegate</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Confederation" title="Congress of the Confederation">Congress of the Confederation</a> (1783–1784)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Virginia" title="List of governors of Virginia">2nd</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia" title="Governor of Virginia">Governor of Virginia</a> (1779–1781)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_delegates_to_the_Continental_Congress" title="List of delegates to the Continental Congress">Delegate</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress</a> (1775–1776)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Virginia_Convention" title="Fifth Virginia Convention">Delegate, Fifth Virginia Convention</a> (1776)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founding<br />documents of<br />the United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Summary_View_of_the_Rights_of_British_America" title="A Summary View of the Rights of British America">A Summary View of the Rights of British America</a></i> (1774)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive_Branch_Petition" title="Olive Branch Petition">Olive Branch Petition</a> (1775)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Causes_and_Necessity_of_Taking_Up_Arms" title="Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms">Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms</a> (1775)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a> (1776) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Five" title="Committee of Five">Committee of Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_history_of_the_United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Physical history of the United States Declaration of Independence">physical history</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/All_men_are_created_equal" title="All men are created equal">All men are created equal</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the_pursuit_of_Happiness" title="Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness">Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Consent_of_the_governed#In_the_United_States_of_America" title="Consent of the governed">Consent of the governed</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Statute_for_Religious_Freedom" title="Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom">Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom</a> (1786)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1784" title="Land Ordinance of 1784">Land Ordinance of 1784</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_Ordinance_of_1785" title="Land Ordinance of 1785">Land Ordinance of 1785</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution#Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Co-author, <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen" title="Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen">Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen</a> (1789)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_Prohibiting_Importation_of_Slaves" title="Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves">Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition" title="Lewis and Clark Expedition">Lewis and Clark Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Liberty" title="Empire of Liberty">Empire of Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunbar_and_Hunter_Expedition" title="Dunbar and Hunter Expedition">Dunbar and Hunter Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_River_Expedition_(1806)" title="Red River Expedition (1806)">Red River Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_Expedition" title="Pike Expedition">Pike Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Road#Cumberland_Road" title="National Road">Cumberland Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embargo_Act_of_1807" title="Embargo Act of 1807">Embargo Act of 1807</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chesapeake%E2%80%93Leopard_affair" title="Chesapeake–Leopard affair"><i>Chesapeake</i>–<i>Leopard</i> affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Intercourse_Act_(1809)" title="Non-Intercourse Act (1809)">Non-Intercourse Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Barbary_War" title="First Barbary War">First Barbary War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_Native_Americans" title="Thomas Jefferson and Native Americans">Native American policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burr_conspiracy" title="Burr conspiracy">Burr conspiracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marbury_v._Madison" title="Marbury v. Madison">Marbury v. Madison</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Military_Academy" title="History of the United States Military Academy">West Point Military Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson#Speeches" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">State of the Union Addresses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1801_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1801 State of the Union Address">1801</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1802_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1802 State of the Union Address">1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1805_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1805 State of the Union Address">1805</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson#Administration" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of federal judges appointed by Thomas Jefferson">Federal judicial appointments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other noted<br />accomplishments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Early life and career of Thomas Jefferson">Early life and career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-American_alliance" title="Franco-American alliance">Franco-American alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">Founder, University of Virginia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_University_of_Virginia" title="History of the University of Virginia">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratification_Day_(United_States)" title="Ratification Day (United States)">Ratification Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Administration_party" title="Anti-Administration party">Anti-Administration party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonian_democracy" title="Jeffersonian democracy">Jeffersonian democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plan_for_Establishing_Uniformity_in_the_Coinage,_Weights,_and_Measures_of_the_United_States" title="Plan for Establishing Uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and Measures of the United States"><i>Coinage, Weights, and Measures</i> report</a> (1790)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residence_Act" title="Residence Act">Residence Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1790" title="Compromise of 1790">Compromise of 1790</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_and_Virginia_Resolutions" title="Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions">Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Manual" title="Jefferson's Manual">A Manual of Parliamentary Practice</a></i> (1801)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_disk" title="Jefferson disk">Jefferson disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swivel_chair" title="Swivel chair">Swivel chair</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Megalonyx</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jeffersonian_architecture" title="Jeffersonian architecture">Jeffersonian<br />architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barboursville_(James_Barbour)" title="Barboursville (James Barbour)">Barboursville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmington_(Albemarle_County,_Virginia)" title="Farmington (Albemarle County, Virginia)">Farmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monticello" title="Monticello">Monticello</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Monticello" title="Gardens of Monticello">gardens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poplar_Forest" title="Poplar Forest">Poplar Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia#The_Grounds" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Rotunda_(University_of_Virginia)" title="The Rotunda (University of Virginia)">The Rotunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lawn" title="The Lawn">The Lawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Hall" title="Jefferson Hall">Jefferson Hall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_State_Capitol" title="Virginia State Capitol">Virginia State Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House Colonnades</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Papers_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="The Papers of Thomas Jefferson">The Papers of Thomas Jefferson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_the_State_of_Virginia" title="Notes on the State of Virginia">Notes on the State of Virginia</a></i> (1785)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposals_for_concerted_operation_among_the_powers_at_war_with_the_Pyratical_states_of_Barbary" title="Proposals for concerted operation among the powers at war with the Pyratical states of Barbary">Pyratical states of Barbary proposals</a> (1786)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorandums_taken_on_a_journey_from_Paris_into_the_southern_parts_of_France_and_Northern_Italy,_in_the_year_1787" title="Memorandums taken on a journey from Paris into the southern parts of France and Northern Italy, in the year 1787">European journey memorandums</a> (1787)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_Native_Americans" title="Thomas Jefferson and Native Americans">Indian removal letters</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Bible" title="Jefferson Bible">The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth</a></i> (c. 1819)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Historical_Society#Collections" title="Massachusetts Historical Society">Jefferson manuscript collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founders_Online" title="Founders Online">Founders Online</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Enlightenment" title="American Enlightenment">American Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson#American_Philosophical_Society" title="Thomas Jefferson">American Philosophical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_reputation_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Historical reputation of Thomas Jefferson">Historical reputation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_education" title="Thomas Jefferson and education">Jefferson and education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Religious views of Thomas Jefferson">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_and_slavery" title="Thomas Jefferson and slavery">Jefferson and slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress#History" title="Library of Congress">Jefferson and the Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Pier" title="Jefferson Pier">Jefferson Pier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_the_Mockingbird" title="Dick the Mockingbird">Pet mockingbird</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Gazette" title="National Gazette">National Gazette</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Hemings" title="Sally Hemings">Sally Hemings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%E2%80%93Hemings_controversy" title="Jefferson–Hemings controversy">Jefferson–Hemings controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Hemings" title="Betty Hemings">Betty Hemings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#Jefferson,_Madison,_and_the_"wall_of_separation"" title="Separation of church and state in the United States">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufton_Farm" title="Tufton Farm">Tufton Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_Palace_(Williamsburg,_Virginia)" title="Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Virginia)">Governor's Palace (Williamsburg, Virginia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_dynasty" title="Virginia dynasty">Virginia dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_republic" title="Ward republic">Ward republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Presidential elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1796_United_States_presidential_election" title="1796 United States presidential election">1796</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_presidential_election" title="1800 United States presidential election">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_United_States_presidential_election" title="1804 United States presidential election">1804</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy and<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of memorials to Thomas Jefferson">memorials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Bibliography of Thomas Jefferson">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Memorial" title="Jefferson Memorial">Jefferson Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore" title="Mount Rushmore">Mount Rushmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Birthday" title="Jefferson's Birthday">Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Building" title="Thomas Jefferson Building">Thomas Jefferson Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_River" title="Jefferson River">Jefferson River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Territory" title="Jefferson Territory">Jefferson Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Lecture" title="Jefferson Lecture">Jefferson Lecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_Arch_National_Park" title="Gateway Arch National Park">Jefferson National Expansion Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Star_for_Foreign_Service" title="Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service">Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statues_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of statues of Thomas Jefferson">Statues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_(Bitter)" title="Thomas Jefferson (Bitter)">Karl Bitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Monument_(Louisville,_Kentucky)" title="Jefferson Monument (Louisville, Kentucky)">Louisville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Thomas_Jefferson_(University_of_Virginia)" title="Statue of Thomas Jefferson (University of Virginia)">University of Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Thomas_Jefferson_(David_d%27Angers)" title="Statue of Thomas Jefferson (David d'Angers)">David d'Angers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Literary_and_Debating_Society" title="Jefferson Literary and Debating Society">Jefferson Literary and Debating Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Foundation" title="Thomas Jefferson Foundation">Thomas Jefferson Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_National_Accelerator_Facility" title="Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility">Jefferson Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monticello_Association" title="Monticello Association">Monticello Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_%26_Jefferson_College" title="Washington & Jefferson College">Jefferson College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_University" title="Thomas Jefferson University">Thomas Jefferson University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_and_Jefferson_National_Forests" title="George Washington and Jefferson National Forests">Washington and Jefferson National Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_peaks_named_Mount_Jefferson" title="List of peaks named Mount Jefferson">Peaks and mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Rock" title="Jefferson Rock">Jefferson Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_Thomas_Jefferson" title="List of memorials to Thomas Jefferson">Other placenames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%E2%80%93Jackson_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson–Jackson Day">Jefferson–Jackson Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_on_currency" title="List of presidents of the United States on currency">Currency depictions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_nickel" title="Jefferson nickel">Jefferson nickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_two-dollar_bill" title="United States two-dollar bill">Two-dollar bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase_Exposition_gold_dollar" title="Louisiana Purchase Exposition gold dollar">Louisiana Purchase Exposition gold dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_250th_Anniversary_silver_dollar" title="Thomas Jefferson 250th Anniversary silver dollar">250th Anniversary silver dollar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Thomas_Jefferson" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Cultural depictions of Thomas Jefferson">Cultural<br />depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Patriots_(play)" title="The Patriots (play)">The Patriots</a></i> (1946 play)</li> <li><i>1776</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1776_(musical)" title="1776 (musical)">1969 musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776_(film)" title="1776 (film)">1972 film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_in_Paris" title="Jefferson in Paris">Jefferson in Paris</a></i> (1995 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_(film)" title="Thomas Jefferson (film)">Thomas Jefferson</a></i> (1997 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(miniseries)" title="John Adams (miniseries)">John Adams</a></i> (2008 miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Garden" title="Jefferson's Garden">Jefferson's Garden</a></i> (2015 play)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)"><i>Hamilton</i></a> (2015 musical)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardy_Rodenstock" title="Hardy Rodenstock">Wine bottles controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Sally_Hemings" title="Cultural depictions of Sally Hemings">Cultural depictions of Sally Hemings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Jefferson" title="Martha Jefferson">Martha Jefferson</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Jefferson_Randolph" title="Martha Jefferson Randolph">Martha Jefferson Randolph</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jefferson_Eppes" title="Mary Jefferson Eppes">Mary Jefferson Eppes</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hemings" title="Harriet Hemings">Harriet Hemings</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Hemings" title="Madison Hemings">Madison Hemings</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eston_Hemings" title="Eston Hemings">Eston Hemings</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Randolph" title="Thomas Jefferson Randolph">Thomas J. Randolph</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Randolph" title="George W. Randolph">George W. Randolph</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Randolph_Coolidge" title="Ellen Randolph Coolidge">Ellen Randolph Coolidge</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Jefferson_Randolph" title="Cornelia Jefferson Randolph">Cornelia Jefferson Randolph</a> (granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Eppes" title="Francis W. Eppes">Francis Eppes</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wayles_Jefferson" title="John Wayles Jefferson">John Wayles Jefferson</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_N._Randolph" title="Sarah N. Randolph">Sarah N. Randolph</a> (great-granddaughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Jefferson_Coolidge" title="T. Jefferson Coolidge">T. Jefferson Coolidge</a> (great-grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Madison_Roberts" title="Frederick Madison Roberts">Frederick Madison Roberts</a> (great-grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jefferson" title="Peter Jefferson">Peter Jefferson</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Randolph_Jefferson" title="Jane Randolph Jefferson">Jane Randolph Jefferson</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Jefferson_Lewis" title="Lucy Jefferson Lewis">Lucy Jefferson Lewis</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Jefferson" title="Randolph Jefferson">Randolph Jefferson</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carr_(Virginia_politician)" title="Peter Carr (Virginia politician)">Peter Carr</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Carr_(politician)" title="Samuel Carr (politician)">Samuel Carr</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabney_Carr" title="Dabney Carr">Dabney Carr</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabney_S._Carr" title="Dabney S. Carr">Dabney S. Carr</a> (grand-nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isham_Randolph_of_Dungeness" title="Isham Randolph of Dungeness">Isham Randolph</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Randolph" title="William Randolph">William Randolph</a> (great-grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Soane" title="Henry Soane">Henry Soane</a> (2nd great-grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">← John Adams</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>← John Adams</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Aaron Burr →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Thomas_Jefferson" title="Category:Thomas Jefferson">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Megalonyx</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134380" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q134380">Q134380</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Megalonyx" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Megalonyx">Megalonyx</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/4471284">4471284</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3239973">3239973</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/317754">317754</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1431734">1431734</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=2546667">2546667</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43603">43603</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/478F4789-DCAC-67AE-1192-F21126BB209B">478F4789-DCAC-67AE-1192-F21126BB209B</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ZooBank" title="ZooBank">ZooBank</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/1B0628C8-0806-4469-8D0F-8C7E1D4ED65C">1B0628C8-0806-4469-8D0F-8C7E1D4ED65C</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megalonyx&oldid=1258131432">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megalonyx&oldid=1258131432</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prehistoric_sloths" title="Category:Prehistoric sloths">Prehistoric sloths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prehistoric_placental_genera" title="Category:Prehistoric placental genera">Prehistoric placental genera</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pliocene_xenarthrans" title="Category:Pliocene xenarthrans">Pliocene xenarthrans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pliocene_mammals_of_North_America" title="Category:Pliocene mammals of North America">Pliocene mammals of North America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pleistocene_xenarthrans" title="Category:Pleistocene xenarthrans">Pleistocene xenarthrans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pleistocene_mammals_of_North_America" title="Category:Pleistocene mammals of North America">Pleistocene mammals of North America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Blancan" title="Category:Blancan">Blancan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hemphillian" title="Category:Hemphillian">Hemphillian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irvingtonian" title="Category:Irvingtonian">Irvingtonian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rancholabrean" 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