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font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-4xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">bran</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif text-2xl mobile:text-xl">(n.)</span></h2></div><section class="-mt-4 -mb-4"><p>"麦子、大麦等磨碎后分离出的外壳"，约于1300年，源自古法语 <i class="foreign notranslate">bren</i> "麸皮、鳞屑、粪便"（12世纪，现代法语 <i class="foreign notranslate">bran</i>），可能源自凯尔特语并与高卢语 <i class="foreign notranslate">*brenno-</i> "肥料"（但 OED 反对此说法）或 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of burn " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/cn/word/burn">burn</a>（v.）有关。这个词在16世纪的英语中也用于指“头皮屑”。</p></section><div class="-mb-6"><p class="text-sm font-sans text-battleship-gray flex items-center py-2 sm:py-0"><a class="inline-flex items-center text-battleship-gray hover:text-primary transition-colors group hover:no-underline" rel="nofollow" aria-label="同样来自于: c. 1300" title="同样来自于: c. 1300" href="/search?sort=a&q=from%3Ac.%25201300"><span class="inline-flex items-center font-normal">同样来自于: c. 1300</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ml-0 w-4 h-4 text-lg transition-transform group-hover:translate-x-0.5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a></p></div></section></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-4"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl font-medium text-davis-gray hyphens-auto" lang="en">相关词汇</h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of burn" class="w-full group" href="/cn/word/burn"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#18113" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">burn</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(v.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>早在12世纪初， <i class="foreign notranslate">brennen</i>，"着火，被火焚烧；被激情或欲望燃烧；烧毁（某物），使暴露于火焰之下，烤，烘，烤面包；（烹饪中）烧烤（某物）"，用于物体，"发光，闪烁，闪耀，像火一样发光"；主要源自古诺斯 <i class="foreign notranslate">brenna</i> "燃烧，点燃"，还来自两个最初不同的古英语动词： <i class="foreign notranslate">bærnan</i> "点燃"（及物动词）和 <i class="foreign notranslate">beornan</i> "着火"（不及物动词）。</p><p>所有这些都来自原始日耳曼语 <i class="foreign notranslate">*brennanan</i>（使役 <i class="foreign notranslate">*brannjanan</i>）<i class="foreign notranslate">, </i> 源，还有中古荷兰语 <i class="foreign notranslate">bernen</i>，荷兰语 <i class="foreign notranslate">branden</i>，古高地德语 <i class="foreign notranslate">brinnan</i>，德语 <i class="foreign notranslate">brennen</i>，哥特语 <i class="foreign notranslate">-brannjan</i> "点火"；但最终的词源不确定。相关词汇： <i class="foreign notranslate">Burned</i>/<a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of burnt " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/cn/word/burnt">burnt</a>（见 <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -ed " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/cn/word/-ed">-ed</a>）； <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of burning " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/cn/word/burning">burning</a>。</p><p>比喻用法（指激情、战斗等）在古英语中存在。"炎热，散发热量"的意思来自13世纪末。"产生灼热感，刺痛"的意思来自14世纪末。"欺骗，诈骗，使受害"的意思可追溯到17世纪50年代。在18世纪末的俚语中， <i class="foreign notranslate">burned</i> 的意思是"感染性病"。</p><p> <i class="foreign notranslate"><strong>burn one's bridges</strong></i> <i class="foreign notranslate"> (behind one)</i> "行为以摧毁返回原状态的任何机会"（1892年马克·吐温的作品中有记载），可能最初源自美国内战中鲁莽的骑兵袭击。关于金钱， <i class="foreign notranslate"><strong>burn a hole in (one's) pocket</strong></i> "使人产生消费欲望"可追溯到1850年。</p><p>斯拉夫语言在"点火"/"着火"的及物和不及物意义上历史上使用了不同且无关的词汇：例如波兰语 <i class="foreign notranslate">palić</i>/<i class="foreign notranslate">gorzeć</i>，俄语 <i class="foreign notranslate">žeč'</i>/<i class="foreign notranslate">gorel</i>。</p></section></div></div></div><ul class="list-none flex gap-2 flex-wrap"></ul><div class="min-h-unit-7"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl font-medium text-davis-gray hyphens-auto" lang="en"><em> bran </em> 的使用趋势</h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><canvas role="img" height="150" width="300"></canvas><div class="text-left text-xs font-sans italic py-2 text-spanish-gray dark:text-davis-gray">改编自 books.google.com/ngrams/. 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(n.d.). Etymology of bran. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved March 1, 2025, from https://www.etymonline.com/word/bran</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy APA Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">复制</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">芝加哥风格:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy Chicago Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper Douglas, "Etymology of bran," Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed March 1, 2025, https://www.etymonline.com/word/bran.</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy Chicago Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">复制</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">MLA风格:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy MLA Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper, Douglas. "Etymology of bran." Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/bran. Accessed 1 March, 2025.</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy MLA Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">复制</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">IEEE风格:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy IEEE Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">D. Harper. "Etymology of bran." Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/word/bran (accessed March 1, 2025).</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy IEEE Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">复制</span></button></div></div></div></div><p class="text-small font-sans text-spanish-gray py-2">中文翻译由AI生成。查看原文，请访问：<a class="text-primary" title="Etymology, origin and meaning of bran" href="/word/bran">Etymology, origin and meaning of <i>bran</i></a></p></div></div></div><div class="w-full flex items-center flex-col space-y-8 lg:items-start lg:w-[300px]"><div class="w-full items-center"><div class="space-y-2 w-full"><div class="w-full flex justify-end"><button class="z-0 group relative inline-flex items-center justify-center box-border appearance-none select-none whitespace-nowrap font-normal subpixel-antialiased overflow-hidden tap-highlight-transparent data-[pressed=true]:scale-[0.97] outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 px-4 min-w-20 h-10 gap-2 rounded-full 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lang="en"><span>热搜词汇</span></div><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider" role="separator"/><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" class="w-8 h-8 mr-2 animate-spin text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M512 1024c-69.1 0-136.2-13.5-199.3-40.2C251.7 958 197 921 150 874c-47-47-84-101.7-109.8-162.7C13.5 648.2 0 581.1 0 512c0-19.9 16.1-36 36-36s36 16.1 36 36c0 59.4 11.6 117 34.6 171.3 22.2 52.4 53.9 99.5 94.3 139.9 40.4 40.4 87.5 72.2 139.9 94.3C395 940.4 452.6 952 512 952c59.4 0 117-11.6 171.3-34.6 52.4-22.2 99.5-53.9 139.9-94.3 40.4-40.4 72.2-87.5 94.3-139.9C940.4 629 952 571.4 952 512c0-59.4-11.6-117-34.6-171.3a440.45 440.45 0 0 0-94.3-139.9 437.71 437.71 0 0 0-139.9-94.3C629 83.6 571.4 72 512 72c-19.9 0-36-16.1-36-36s16.1-36 36-36c69.1 0 136.2 13.5 199.3 40.2C772.3 66 827 103 874 150c47 47 83.9 101.8 109.7 162.7 26.7 63.1 40.2 130.2 40.2 199.3s-13.5 136.2-40.2 199.3C958 772.3 921 827 874 874c-47 47-101.8 83.9-162.7 109.7-63.1 26.8-130.2 40.3-199.3 40.3z"></path></svg></div></div></div><div class="w-full"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none bg-secondary/20 shadow-none border border-secondary/30 rounded-md min-w-[300px] w-full" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large font-medium font-sans text-davis-gray items-start justify-start hyphens-auto" lang="en"><span>在 <em>bran</em> 附近的词典条目</span></div><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider" role="separator"/><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased"><ul class="list-none list-none grid grid-cols-1"><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/cn/word/brainy" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of brainy" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">brainy</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/cn/word/braise" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of braise" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">braise</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/cn/word/brake" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of brake" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">brake</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/cn/word/brakeman" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of brakeman" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">brakeman</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/cn/word/bramble" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of bramble" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">bramble</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity opacity-disabled cursor-default pointer-events-none w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" data-disabled="true" href="/cn/word/bran" rel="nofollow" role="link" aria-disabled="true" title="Origin and meaning of bran" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span 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fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/cn/word/branchio-" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of branchio-" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">branchio-</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" 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words\"},{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"@id\":\"https://www.etymonline.com/cn/word/bran\",\"name\":\"bran\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":\"https://www.etymonline.com\"}]23:Taca,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003e早在12世纪初， \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebrennen\u003c/span\u003e，\"着火，被火焚烧；被激情或欲望燃烧；烧毁（某物），使暴露于火焰之下，烤，烘，烤面包；（烹饪中）烧烤（某物）\"，用于物体，\"发光，闪烁，闪耀，像火一样发光\"；主要源自古诺斯 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebrenna\u003c/span\u003e \"燃烧，点燃\"，还来自两个最初不同的古英语动词： \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebærnan\u003c/span\u003e \"点燃\"（及物动词）和 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebeornan\u003c/span\u003e \"着火\"（不及物动词）。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e所有这些都来自原始日耳曼语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*brennanan\u003c/span\u003e（使役 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*brannjanan\u003c/span\u003e）\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e, \u003c/span\u003e 源，还有中古荷兰语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebernen\u003c/span\u003e，荷兰语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebranden\u003c/span\u003e，古高地德语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebrinnan\u003c/span\u003e，德语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebrennen\u003c/span\u003e，哥特语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-brannjan\u003c/span\u003e \"点火\"；但最终的词源不确定。相关词汇： \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eBurned\u003c/span\u003e/\u003ca href=\"/cn/word/burnt\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of burnt \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eburnt\u003c/a\u003e（见 \u003ca href=\"/cn/word/-ed\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -ed \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-ed\u003c/a\u003e）； \u003ca href=\"/cn/word/burning\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of burning \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eburning\u003c/a\u003e。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e比喻用法（指激情、战斗等）在古英语中存在。\"炎热，散发热量\"的意思来自13世纪末。\"产生灼热感，刺痛\"的意思来自14世纪末。\"欺骗，诈骗，使受害\"的意思可追溯到17世纪50年代。在18世纪末的俚语中， \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eburned\u003c/span\u003e 的意思是\"感染性病\"。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eburn one's bridges\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e (behind one)\u003c/span\u003e \"行为以摧毁返回原状态的任何机会\"（1892年马克·吐温的作品中有记载），可能最初源自美国内战中鲁莽的骑兵袭击。关于金钱， \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eburn a hole in (one's) pocket\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \"使人产生消费欲望\"可追溯到1850年。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e斯拉夫语言在\"点火\"/\"着火\"的及物和不及物意义上历史上使用了不同且无关的词汇：例如波兰语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003epalić\u003c/span\u003e/\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egorzeć\u003c/span\u003e，俄语 \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ežeč'\u003c/span\u003e/\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egorel\u003c/span\u003e。\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"9:[[\"$\",\"script\",null,{\"type\":\"application/ld+json\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"$1e\"}}],[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"flex flex-col lg:flex-row gap-12 justify-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"w-full lg:w-[728px] items-start\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-4\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L1f\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_wd_top\",\"className\":\"h-[90px] w-[728px]\",\"isMobile\":false,\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"main\",\"closeType\":\"none\",\"labelType\":\"none\"},\"lg\":{\"type\":\"none\",\"closeType\":\"none\",\"labelType\":\"plain\"}}}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-4 space-y-12 mobile:space-y-8 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