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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-定义" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#定义"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>定义</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-定义-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-开放获取" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#开放获取"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>开放获取</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-开放获取-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-開放內容與教育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#開放內容與教育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>開放內容與教育</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-開放內容與教育-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关開放內容與教育子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-開放內容與教育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-教科書" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教科書"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>教科書</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教科書-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-许可协议" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#许可协议"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>许可协议</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-许可协议-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">開放內容</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。35种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD" title="محتوى مفتوح – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محتوى مفتوح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Отворено съдържание – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Отворено съдържание" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80" title="উন্মুক্ত সামগ্রী – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উন্মুক্ত সামগ্রী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingut_obert" title="Contingut obert – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Contingut obert" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85bent_indhold" title="Åbent indhold – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Åbent indhold" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_content" title="Open content – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Open content" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malfermita_enhavo" title="Malfermita enhavo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malfermita enhavo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contenido_abierto" title="Contenido abierto – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Contenido abierto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="محتوای باز – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="محتوای باز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoin_sis%C3%A4lt%C3%B6" title="Avoin sisältö – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avoin sisältö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opi%C3%B0_innihald" title="Opið innihald – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Opið innihald" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny%C3%ADlt_tartalom" title="Nyílt tartalom – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyílt tartalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konten_terbuka" title="Konten terbuka – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konten terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apertita_kontenajo" title="Apertita kontenajo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Apertita kontenajo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opi%C3%B0_efni" title="Opið efni – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Opið efni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contenuto_aperto" title="Contenuto aperto – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Contenuto aperto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="オープンコンテント – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オープンコンテント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammasunik_imalik" title="Ammasunik imalik – 格陵兰语" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Ammasunik imalik" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="格陵兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%ED%94%88_%EC%BD%98%ED%85%90%EC%B8%A0" title="오픈 콘텐츠 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오픈 콘텐츠" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Отворена содржина – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Отворена содржина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandungan_terbuka" title="Kandungan terbuka – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kandungan terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="खुला सामग्री – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खुला सामग्री" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vrije_kennis" title="Vrije kennis – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vrije kennis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ope_innhald" title="Ope innhald – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ope innhald" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otwarta_tre%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Otwarta treść – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Otwarta treść" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conte%C3%BAdo_aberto" title="Conteúdo aberto – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Conteúdo aberto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Открытый контент – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Открытый контент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_content" title="Open content – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Open content" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odprta_vsebina" title="Odprta vsebina – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Odprta vsebina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%98" title="Отворени садржај – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Отворени садржај" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96ppet_inneh%C3%A5ll" title="Öppet innehåll – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Öppet innehåll" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="เนื้อหาเปิด – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เนื้อหาเปิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1k_i%C3%A7erik" title="Açık içerik – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Açık içerik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82" title="Відкритий вміст – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Відкритий вміст" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BB%99i_dung_m%E1%BB%9F" title="Nội dung mở – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nội dung mở" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1293664#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&oldid=81924405" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&id=81924405&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2596%258B%25E6%2594%25BE%25E5%2585%25A7%25E5%25AE%25B9"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E9%2596%258B%25E6%2594%25BE%25E5%2585%25A7%25E5%25AE%25B9"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Open_content" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1293664" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-a9596b8a" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="內容開放">內容開放</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-a9596b8a" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Copyright"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div></div></div> <p><b>開放內容</b>（英語：<span lang="en">open content</span>或<span lang="en">OpenContent</span>）是個<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%AF%8D" title="新词">新词</a>，於1998年由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%AB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大衛·威立（页面不存在）">大衛·威立</a>（David Wiley）創立<sup id="cite_ref-grossman_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grossman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，指他人可以複製或修改的原創作品。該名詞源自於<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E7%A2%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="開放源碼">開放源碼</a>與軟體相關的概念。 <sup id="cite_ref-OpenContent19990128_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenContent19990128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Discussing_Creative_Commons_licensing_in_Khmer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Discussing_Creative_Commons_licensing_in_Khmer.jpg/267px-Discussing_Creative_Commons_licensing_in_Khmer.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Discussing_Creative_Commons_licensing_in_Khmer.jpg/401px-Discussing_Creative_Commons_licensing_in_Khmer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Discussing_Creative_Commons_licensing_in_Khmer.jpg/534px-Discussing_Creative_Commons_licensing_in_Khmer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1136" /></a><figcaption>屏幕中主人公左手上的是的标志是创作共用（CC）授权，而他右手上的文件表明该图像是开放内容。</figcaption></figure> <p>威立第一次使用開放內容这个词時，指的是採用開放內容授權（一个非自由的相同方式共享许可，参见下面的“自由内容”）或其他類似授權的作品<sup id="cite_ref-OpenContent19990128_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenContent19990128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>内容的开放性可以根据“5R框架"，在不違反著作權法的前提下，基于内容的再利用、修改、混合及再散布的程度来评估。<sup id="cite_ref-OpenContentDefinition_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenContentDefinition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。開放內容與<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E7%A2%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="開放源碼">開放源碼</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="自由內容">自由內容</a>的不同之處為，一件作品想要具有開放內容的资格没有明确的门槛。 </p><p>雖然，開放內容被視為<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%AC%8A" title="著作權">著作權</a>的對立面<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，開放內容许可证依赖著作權人许可他人使用其作品的权力。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="定义"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E4.B9.89"></span>定义</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：定义"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>OpenContent网站曾经将开放内容定义为“在一个类似开源与自由软件社区使用的许可证下，可供修改、使用和再分发（的内容）”。<sup id="cite_ref-OpenContent19990128_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenContent19990128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>然而，这样的定义会把开放内容许可证（OPL）自身排除在外，因为该许可证禁止“对[开放内容]自身收费”，但此权利是自由和开源软件许可证的要求。 </p><p>因此这个词改变了定义。开放内容协议“给用户提供自由、永久地从事5R活动的许可”。<sup id="cite_ref-OpenContentDefinition_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenContentDefinition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>OpenContent网站上提出了5R，作为评估什么内容是开放的一个框架。 </p> <blockquote> <ol><li>持有（Retain）——制作、拥有和支配该内容副本的权利（例如，下载、保存和管理）</li> <li>再利用（Reuse）——以更广泛的方式使用该内容的权利（例如，在课堂上、研究小组中、网站上、视频中）</li> <li>修改（Revise）——适应、调整、修改或改变内容本身的权利（例如，将内容翻译成另一种语言）</li> <li>混合（Remix）——把原始和原创或修改过的内容合并起来，创造新东西的权利（例如，将内容混搭）</li> <li>再分发（Redistribute）——共享原创内容、你的修改或你与他人混合后的内容的权利（例如，把内容的副本给朋友）<sup id="cite_ref-OpenContentDefinition_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenContentDefinition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol></blockquote> <p>这个更广泛的定义将开放内容和开源软件区分开来，因为后者必须可供公开商业使用。但它和一些<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" title="開放教育資源">开放教育资源</a>的定义相似，开放教育资源包括非商业和逐字复制许可证下的资源。<sup id="cite_ref-oer-review_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oer-review-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>開放定義旨在定义开放内容和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放知识" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="open knowledge"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放知识（页面不存在）">开放知识</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/open_knowledge" class="extiw" title="en:open knowledge"><span lang="en" dir="auto">open knowledge</span></a></span>）</span></span>，大量借鉴开源定义；它保留开放内容狭义上作为自由内容。<sup id="cite_ref-Open_Definition_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Open_Definition-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="开放获取"><span id=".E5.BC.80.E6.94.BE.E8.8E.B7.E5.8F.96"></span>开放获取</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：开放获取"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96" title="开放获取">开放获取</a>”（open access）是指对内容的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%B9" title="免费">免费</a>访问，主要包括经过<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E8%A1%8C%E8%AF%84%E5%AE%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="同行评审">同行评审</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A" title="学术期刊">学术期刊</a>文章。一些开放获取作品也许可用于再利用和再分发，这将使他们的开放内容。<sup id="cite_ref-Suber_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suber-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="開放內容與教育"><span id=".E9.96.8B.E6.94.BE.E5.85.A7.E5.AE.B9.E8.88.87.E6.95.99.E8.82.B2"></span>開放內容與教育</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：開放內容與教育"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>過去十年來，開放內容已經成為高等教育的另一條路。傳統大學的費用昂貴，且仍不斷在調漲之中<sup id="cite_ref-Tuition_Inflation_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tuition_Inflation-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。開放內容提供免費獲取高等教育的管道，且「聚焦於集體知識以及學習與學術內容的分享與再利用」<sup id="cite_ref-Horizon_Report_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horizon_Report-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。現在全世界有許多推廣開放內容學習的專案與組織，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E8%AA%B2%E7%A8%8B%E7%B6%B2%E9%A0%81" title="開放式課程網頁">開放式課程導入計畫</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AC%9D%E5%8B%92%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="謝勒基金會（页面不存在）">謝勒基金會</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E6%B1%97%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="可汗學院">可汗學院</a>。部分大學，例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%9C%81%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="麻省理工學院">麻省理工學院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E9%AD%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="耶魯大學">耶魯大學</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%AB%E8%8C%A8%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="塔夫茨大學">塔夫茨大學</a>正在規劃在網路上免費開放她們的學校課程<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="教科書"><span id=".E6.95.99.E7.A7.91.E6.9B.B8"></span>教科書</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：教科書"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>教科書產業是開放內容在教育產業中可以造成最大影響的一塊。<sup id="cite_ref-funny_monkey_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-funny_monkey-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在過去，因為出版商習慣不斷推出更新版本，教科書價格不但昂貴，同時資訊內容也很容易過時或不便對照<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="開放內容教科書" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open textbooks"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="開放內容教科書（页面不存在）">開放內容教科書</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_textbooks" class="extiw" title="en:Open textbooks"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open textbooks</span></a></span>）</span></span>因為其在網路上容易更新的特質，可以協助解決這類問題。同時使用開放授權以及維持線上也對老師們的幫助很大，因為這樣一來老師便可以依照自己的課程需求來編修教學資源。<sup id="cite_ref-funny_monkey_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-funny_monkey-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>目前也有許多組織正在推廣開放授權教科書的產出，例如<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150912064713/http://opentextbook.org/">開放教科書計畫</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Connexions" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Connexions"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Connexions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Connexions（页面不存在）">Connexions</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connexions" class="extiw" title="en:Connexions"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Connexions</span></a></span>）</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saylor.org/otc/">謝勒基金會開放教科書大挑戰</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20161201050456/http://www.saylor.org/otc/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span>以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8" title="維基教科書">維基教科書</a>。 </p><p>想了解更多與教育或教科書的開放內容相關資訊，可參考以下條目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" title="開放教育資源">開放教育資源</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="许可协议"><span id=".E8.AE.B8.E5.8F.AF.E5.8D.8F.E8.AE.AE"></span>许可协议</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：许可协议"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根据OpenContent网站上开放内容目前的定义，任何一般的免版税的版权许可证将有资格作为一个开放许可证，因为它“为用户提供的权利种类比通常法律允许的更多。这些权限免费授予用户。”<sup id="cite_ref-OpenContentDefinition_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenContentDefinition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>然而，狭义定义有效地将开放内容限制到了<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="自由内容">自由内容</a>的范畴；任何<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="自由内容">自由内容</a>许可证都有资格作为开放内容许可证。根据这个狭义标准，以下仍在维护的许可证具有资格： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="知识共享">知识共享</a>（仅署名、署名-相同方式共享和CC0）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="出版开放许可证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Publication License"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="出版开放许可证（页面不存在）">出版开放许可证</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Publication_License" class="extiw" title="en:Open Publication License"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Publication License</span></a></span>）</span></span>（开放内容计划的原许可协议，开放内容许可证由于不允许以营利为目的复制授权的作品，因此不具资格）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反DRM许可证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Against DRM license"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8DDRM%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反DRM许可证（页面不存在）">反DRM许可证</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Against_DRM_license" class="extiw" title="en:Against DRM license"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Against DRM license</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%81" title="GNU自由文档许可证">GNU自由文档许可证</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="游戏开放许可证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Game License"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="游戏开放许可证（页面不存在）">游戏开放许可证</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Game_License" class="extiw" title="en:Open Game License"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Game License</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="自由艺术许可证">自由艺术许可证</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span 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FinAid.org. 2012 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-04-18</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&rft.atitle=Tuition+Inflation&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.aulast=Kantrowitz&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FinAid.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.finaid.org%2Fsavings%2Ftuition-inflation.phtmll&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年5月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horizon_Report-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Horizon_Report_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">NMC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wp.nmc.org/horizon2010/chapters/open-content/l">One Year or Less: Open Content</a>. 2010 Horizon Report. 2012 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-04-18</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&rft.atitle=One+Year+or+Less%3A+Open+Content&rft.au=NMC&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2010+Horizon+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwp.nmc.org%2Fhorizon2010%2Fchapters%2Fopen-content%2Fl&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年6月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Admin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlineuniversityrankings2010.com/2010/open-edu-top-50-university-open-courseware-collections/l">Open.edu: Top 50 University Open Courseware Collections</a>. DIY Learning. 2012 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-04-18</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&rft.atitle=Open.edu%3A+Top+50+University+Open+Courseware+Collections&rft.au=Admin&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DIY+Learning&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonlineuniversityrankings2010.com%2F2010%2Fopen-edu-top-50-university-open-courseware-collections%2Fl&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年6月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-funny_monkey-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-funny_monkey_12-0"><sup><b>12.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-funny_monkey_12-1"><sup><b>12.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Fitzgerald, Bill. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120402232504/http://funnymonkey.com/using-open-content-to-drive-change">Using Open Content To Drive Educational Change</a>. Funny Monkey. 2012 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-04-18</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://funnymonkey.com/using-open-content-to-drive-change">原始内容</a>存档于2012-04-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&rft.atitle=Using+Open+Content+To+Drive+Educational+Change&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.aulast=Fitzgerald&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Funny+Monkey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffunnymonkey.com%2Fusing-open-content-to-drive-change&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Moushon, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.selfpublishingreview.com/blog/2011/02/e-textbooks-how-do-they-stack-up-against-traditional-textbooks/l">e-Textbooks: How do they stack up against tradition textbooks</a>. Self Publishing Review. 2012 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-04-18</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190712235055/https://www.selfpublishingreview.com/testimonial/l-c-son-author/">存档</a>于2019-07-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9&rft.atitle=e-Textbooks%3A+How+do+they+stack+up+against+tradition+textbooks&rft.aufirst=James&rft.aulast=Moushon&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Self+Publishing+Review&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.selfpublishingreview.com%2Fblog%2F2011%2F02%2Fe-textbooks-how-do-they-stack-up-against-traditional-textbooks%2Fl&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span 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data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open design"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放设计（页面不存在）">开放设计</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_design" class="extiw" title="en:Open design"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open design</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放教育" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open education"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放教育（页面不存在）">开放教育</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_education" class="extiw" title="en:Open education"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open education</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="開放政府">开放政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0" title="开放式创新">开放式创新</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放知识" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open knowledge"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放知识（页面不存在）">开放知识</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_knowledge" class="extiw" title="en:Open knowledge"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open knowledge</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放专利" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open patent"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放专利（页面不存在）">开放专利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_patent" class="extiw" title="en:Open patent"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open patent</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放研究" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open research"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放研究（页面不存在）">开放研究</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_research" class="extiw" title="en:Open research"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open research</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="開放科學">开放科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="开放源代码">開源</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开源架构" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Opensource Architecture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开源架构（页面不存在）">开源架构</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opensource_Architecture" class="extiw" title="en:Opensource Architecture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Opensource Architecture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="开源软件">开源软件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86" title="開源治理">開源治理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开源新闻" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open-source journalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开源新闻（页面不存在）">开源新闻</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_journalism" class="extiw" title="en:Open-source journalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open-source journalism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6" title="開源硬件">开源硬件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86" title="开源标准">开放标准</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放式大学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open-door academic policy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放式大学（页面不存在）">开放式大学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-door_academic_policy" class="extiw" title="en:Open-door academic policy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open-door academic policy</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%A9%A6%E5%85%A5%E5%AD%B8" title="免試入學">入学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BEWeb" title="开放Web">开放Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="分享主义">分享主义</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">工具</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%8F%8A%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="自由及开放源代码软件">自由及开放源代码软件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90" title="開放教育資源">开放教育资源</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放音乐模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Music Model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放音乐模型（页面不存在）">开放音乐模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Music_Model" class="extiw" title="en:Open Music Model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Music Model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放科学笔记" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open notebook science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放科学笔记（页面不存在）">开放科学笔记</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_notebook_science" class="extiw" title="en:Open notebook science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open notebook science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组织</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="知识共享">知识共享</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="DIYbio" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="DIYbio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DIYbio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DIYbio（页面不存在）">DIYbio</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIYbio" class="extiw" title="en:DIYbio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">DIYbio</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="自由软件基金会">自由软件基金会</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放架构网络" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Architecture Network"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放架构网络（页面不存在）">开放架构网络</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Architecture_Network" class="extiw" title="en:Open Architecture Network"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Architecture Network</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放知识基金会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Knowledge Foundation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83" title="開放知識基金會">开放知识基金会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Knowledge_Foundation" class="extiw" title="en:Open Knowledge Foundation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Knowledge Foundation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="开放权力集团" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Open Rights Group"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放权力集团（页面不存在）">开放权力集团</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Rights_Group" class="extiw" title="en:Open Rights Group"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Open Rights Group</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E6%BA%90%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E4%BF%83%E8%BF%9B%E4%BC%9A" title="开放源代码促进会">开放源代码促进会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="軟體自由法律中心">软件自由法律中心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="公共科学图书馆">公共科学图书馆</a>（PLOS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E4%B8%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="学术出版与学术资源联盟">学术出版与学术资源联盟</a>（SPARC）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">活动家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF-%E6%9D%8E" title="蒂姆·伯纳斯-李">蒂姆·伯纳斯-李</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%83%E8%8C%A8" title="亚伦·斯沃茨">亚伦·斯沃茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E7%8F%8A%E5%8D%93%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%91" title="亞歷珊卓·艾爾巴金">亚历珊卓·艾尔巴金</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="John Wilbanks" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="John Wilbanks"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Wilbanks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Wilbanks（页面不存在）">John Wilbanks</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wilbanks" class="extiw" title="en:John Wilbanks"><span lang="en" dir="auto">John Wilbanks</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E9%80%8A" title="科迪·威尔逊">科迪·威尔逊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="勞倫斯·雷席格">劳伦斯·莱斯格</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Peter Murray-Rust" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peter Murray-Rust"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Murray-Rust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Murray-Rust（页面不存在）">Peter Murray-Rust</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Murray-Rust" class="extiw" title="en:Peter Murray-Rust"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peter Murray-Rust</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E4%BC%AF" title="彼得·萨伯">彼得·萨伯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Peter Sunde" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peter Sunde"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Sunde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Sunde（页面不存在）">Peter Sunde</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Sunde" class="extiw" title="en:Peter Sunde"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peter Sunde</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%9B%BC" title="理查德·斯托曼">理查德·斯托曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%80%80%E5%8C%97" title="周怀北">周怀北</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">项目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="知识共享许可协议">创作共用授权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9" title="自由文化作品定義">自由文化作品定義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="自由文化運動">自由文化运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="自由软件运动">自由软件运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="開源生態計畫">開源生態計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="OpenCores" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="OpenCores"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenCores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenCores（页面不存在）">OpenCores</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCores" class="extiw" title="en:OpenCores"><span lang="en" dir="auto">OpenCores</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="OpenWetWare" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="OpenWetWare"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenWetWare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenWetWare（页面不存在）">OpenWetWare</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenWetWare" class="extiw" title="en:OpenWetWare"><span lang="en" dir="auto">OpenWetWare</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="知识产权" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E6%BF%80%E8%BF%9B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="Template:知识产权激进主义"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E6%BF%80%E8%BF%9B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:知识产权激进主义（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83%E6%BF%80%E8%BF%9B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:知识产权激进主义"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="知识产权" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83" title="知识产权">知识产权</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">问题和争论</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%88%E6%9D%83%E4%BE%B5%E7%8A%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="版权侵犯（页面不存在）">版权侵犯</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E7%89%88%E6%9D%83%E4%BE%B5%E7%8A%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="软件版权侵犯（页面不存在）">软件版权侵犯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%89%88%E6%9D%83%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="数字版权管理">数字版权管理</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Gripe site" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gripe site"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gripe_site&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gripe site（页面不存在）">Gripe site</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe_site" class="extiw" title="en:Gripe site"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gripe site</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%9D%83%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="音乐著作权的历史（页面不存在）">音乐著作权的历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83" title="知识产权">知识产权</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文件分享的合法性（页面不存在）">文件分享的合法性</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%88%B6_(%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混制 (数字)（页面不存在）">混制</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%88%B6_(%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混制 (视频)（页面不存在）">视频</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%88%B6_(%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混制 (音乐)（页面不存在）">音乐</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9" title="专利">专利权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%89%E9%A2%86%E5%9F%9F" title="公有领域">公有领域</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="软件专利争论（页面不存在）">软件专利争论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E5%88%A9%E6%B5%81%E6%B0%93" title="專利流氓">專利流氓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%AC%8A%E8%9F%91%E8%9E%82" title="著作權蟑螂">著作權蟑螂</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Rights_Reversed" title="All Rights Reversed">All Rights Reversed</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E7%89%88%E6%9D%83%E6%8F%90%E7%A4%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反版权提示（页面不存在）">反版权提示</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyleft" title="Copyleft">Copyleft</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Copyleft%E7%9A%84%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copyleft的商业应用（页面不存在）">Copyleft的商业应用</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Commons-based peer production" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Commons-based peer production"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons-based_peer_production&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commons-based peer production（页面不存在）">Commons-based peer production</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commons-based_peer_production" class="extiw" title="en:Commons-based peer production"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Commons-based peer production</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="自由内容">自由内容</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%AE%B8%E5%8F%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由软件许可（页面不存在）">自由软件许可</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%97%A0%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="信息无政府主义">信息无政府主义</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Libertarian perspectives on intellectual property" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Libertarian perspectives on intellectual property"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libertarian_perspectives_on_intellectual_property&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libertarian perspectives on intellectual property（页面不存在）">Libertarian positions</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_perspectives_on_intellectual_property" class="extiw" title="en:Libertarian perspectives on intellectual property"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Libertarian perspectives on intellectual property</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">开放内容</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放设计（页面不存在）">开放设计</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放音乐模式（页面不存在）">开放音乐模式</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9%E6%9D%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="开放专利权（页面不存在）">开放专利权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%BA%90%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6" title="開源硬件">开源硬件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%BA%90%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="开源软件">开源软件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%90%8C%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="相同方式共享">相同方式共享</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%80%9F%E9%96%B1%E6%AC%8A" title="公共借閱權">公共借閱權</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">运动</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E6%97%A0%E7%95%8C%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="知识无界运动">知识无界运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%9D%83%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE" title="对著作权的争议">反版权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyleft" title="Copyleft">Copyleft</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文化环境（页面不存在）">文化环境</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="自由文化運動">自由文化运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="自由软件运动">自由软件运动</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组织</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB" title="知识共享">创作共用</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%89%8D%E5%93%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="电子前哨基金会">电子前哨基金会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="自由软件基金会">自由软件基金会</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由权利组织（页面不存在）">自由权利组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="軟體自由法律中心">软件自由法律中心</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Organization for Transformative Works" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Organization for Transformative Works"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_for_Transformative_Works&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organization for Transformative Works（页面不存在）">Organization for Transformative Works</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_for_Transformative_Works" class="extiw" title="en:Organization for Transformative Works"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Organization for Transformative Works</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%9C%E7%81%A3" title="海盜灣">海盗湾</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%97%E7%BD%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海盗署（页面不存在）">海盗署</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%9C%E9%BB%A8" title="海盜黨">海盗党</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Students for Free Culture" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Students for Free Culture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Students_for_Free_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Students for Free Culture（页面不存在）">Students for Free Culture</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Students_for_Free_Culture" class="extiw" title="en:Students for Free Culture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Students for Free Culture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%8D%A1%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E5%85%8B%E6%98%8E%E7%82%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="李卡德·法克明炎">李卡德·法克明炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="勞倫斯·雷席格">勞倫斯·雷席格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%9B%BC" title="理查德·斯托曼">理查德·斯托曼</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">文档</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B9%E8%B5%B0%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" title="幹走電影">幹走電影</a> (2006, 2007)</li> <li><i><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="正版盗版" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Good Copy Bad Copy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A3%E7%89%88%E7%9B%97%E7%89%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="正版盗版（页面不存在）">正版盗版</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Copy_Bad_Copy" class="extiw" title="en:Good Copy Bad Copy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Good Copy Bad Copy</span></a></span>）</span></span></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混制宣言" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="RiP!: A Remix Manifesto"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%88%B6%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混制宣言（页面不存在）">混制宣言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RiP!:_A_Remix_Manifesto" class="extiw" title="en:RiP!: A Remix Manifesto"><span lang="en" dir="auto">RiP!: A Remix Manifesto</span></a></span>）</span></span></i> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TPB_AFK" title="TPB AFK">TPB AFK</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E4%B9%8B%E5%AD%90" title="互联网之子">互联网之子</a> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=開放內容&oldid=81924405">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=開放內容&oldid=81924405</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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