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Urbit - Wikipedia

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<p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Urbit</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Urbit_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Urbit_Logo.svg/150px-Urbit_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Urbit_Logo.svg/225px-Urbit_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Urbit_Logo.svg/300px-Urbit_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="32" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Urbit tilde logo</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Yarvin" title="Curtis Yarvin">Curtis Yarvin</a>, Tlon Corporation<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Tlon Corporation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">2013<sup id="cite_ref-2013launch_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013launch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">411k-5 (Urbit OS)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> / November&#160;15, 2024<span class="noprint">&#59;&#32;4 months ago</span><span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2024-11-15</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/urbit/urbit">github<wbr />.com<wbr />/urbit<wbr />/urbit</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data">Hoon, Nock, <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>, JavaScript</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Decentralized_computing" title="Decentralized computing">Decentralized</a> <a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">personal server platform</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wolfe_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wolfe-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/MIT_License" title="MIT License">MIT License</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.urbit.org">www<wbr />.urbit<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Urbit</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Decentralized_computing" title="Decentralized computing">decentralized</a> <a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">personal server platform</a><sup id="cite_ref-Wolfe_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wolfe-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> based on <a href="/wiki/Functional_programming" title="Functional programming">functional programming</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lecher_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lecher-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> in a <a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer network</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Urbit platform was created by <a href="/wiki/Dark_Enlightenment" title="Dark Enlightenment">neoreactionary</a> political blogger <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Yarvin" title="Curtis Yarvin">Curtis Yarvin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lecher_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lecher-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The first code release was in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Urbit network was launched in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2013launch_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013launch-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The first user version (called OS1) was launched in April 2020. </p><p>In 2022, the main software in an Urbit installation was a "bare-bones" text-based message board.<sup id="cite_ref-Duesterberg_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duesterberg-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functionality">Functionality</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbit&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Functionality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Point_(magazine)" title="The Point (magazine)">The Point</a></i> described Urbit OS1 as a "bare-bones messaging server" and compared it to 1990s era <a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Duesterberg_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duesterberg-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tlon, the company founded by Yarvin to build Urbit, named after the short story "<a href="/wiki/Tl%C3%B6n,_Uqbar,_Orbis_Tertius" title="Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius">Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Duesterberg_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duesterberg-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> has received <a href="/wiki/Seed_money" title="Seed money">seed</a> funding from various investors since its inception, most notably <a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Peter Thiel</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Founders_Fund" title="Founders Fund">Founders Fund</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a> firm <a href="/wiki/Andreessen_Horowitz" title="Andreessen Horowitz">Andreessen Horowitz</a> invested $1.1 million.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Urbit community talks up its association with and funding from Thiel, who has also backed Urbit public events.<sup id="cite_ref-Sutton_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutton-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Duesterberg_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duesterberg-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>The Point</i> estimated Urbit's active user base as of September 2022 at "a few thousand".<sup id="cite_ref-Duesterberg_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duesterberg-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_details">Technical details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbit&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Technical details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Urbit <a href="/wiki/Solution_stack" title="Solution stack">software stack</a> consists of a set of <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a> ("Hoon", a high-level <a href="/wiki/Functional_programming" title="Functional programming">functional programming</a> language, and "Nock", its low-level compiled language); a single-function <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> built on those languages ("Arvo"); a runtime implementation of that operating system ("Vere"), public key infrastructure, built on the <a href="/wiki/Ethereum" title="Ethereum">Ethereum</a> <a href="/wiki/Blockchain" title="Blockchain">blockchain</a> ("Azimuth"), for each Urbit instance to participate in a decentralized network; and the decentralized network itself, an encrypted, peer-to-peer <a href="/wiki/Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">protocol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (May 2020)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p><p>The 128-bit Urbit identity space consists of 256 "galaxies", 65,280 "stars" (255 for each galaxy), 4,294,901,760 "planets" (65,535 for each star), and comets under those.<sup id="cite_ref-Sutton_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutton-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yarvin called Urbit "functional programming from scratch" in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-Lecher_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lecher-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a></i> described Urbit as having "reinvented some very <a href="/wiki/Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Lisp (programming language)">Lisp</a>-like technology".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Reason_(magazine)" title="Reason (magazine)">Reason</a></i> described Urbit as "complicated for even the most seasoned of functional programmers".<sup id="cite_ref-O&#39;Sullivan_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O&#39;Sullivan-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics_and_controversy">Politics and controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbit&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Politics and controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2015, Yarvin's invitation to discuss Urbit at the Strange Loop programming conference was rescinded; the conference organizer said Yarvin's "mere inclusion and/or presence would overshadow the content of his talk".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, after Yarvin was invited to the functional programming conference LambdaConf to discuss Urbit, five speakers and three sponsors withdrew their participation. Their stated reasons were Yarvin's claim that white people are genetically endowed with higher IQs than black people and his support of slavery.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The source code and design sketches for the project alluded to some of Yarvin's views, including initially classifying users as "lords", "dukes", and "earls". Yarvin described this structure of Urbit in 2010 as "digital <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudalism</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Duesterberg_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duesterberg-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a 2019 blog post, Yarvin said Urbit "is not designed as a political structure".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Josh Lehman, Executive Director of the Urbit Foundation, denied in 2022 that Urbit was "digital feudalism".<sup id="cite_ref-Sutton_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutton-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Andrea O'Sullivan of <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">libertarian</a> magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Reason_(magazine)" title="Reason (magazine)">Reason</a></i> described Urbit in 2016 as having a "libertarian vision".<sup id="cite_ref-O&#39;Sullivan_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O&#39;Sullivan-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yarvin departed Tlon in 2019. Lehman said that the "hardest part" of his work at Tlon had been to distance Urbit from Yarvin.<sup id="cite_ref-Sutton_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sutton-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yarvin returned to Urbit in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbit&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Urbit's runtime, Vere, is versioned and released differently</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urbit&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.urbit.org/whitepaper.pdf">"Urbit: A Solid-State Interpreter"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>urbit.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220531172816/https://media.urbit.org/whitepaper.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=urbit.org&amp;rft.atitle=Urbit%3A+A+Solid-State+Interpreter&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.urbit.org%2Fwhitepaper.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrbit" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2013launch-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2013launch_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2013launch_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urbit.org/overview/people-history">"Urbit.org Overview"</a>. <i>urbit.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220805161014/https://urbit.org/overview/people-history">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=urbit.org&amp;rft.atitle=Urbit.org+Overview&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Furbit.org%2Foverview%2Fpeople-history&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrbit" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/urbit/urbit/releases">"Releases · urbit/urbit"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20250118192413/https://github.com/urbit/urbit/releases">Archived</a> from the original on January 18, 2025<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=GitHub&amp;rft.atitle=Releases+%C2%B7+urbit%2Furbit&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Furbit%2Furbit%2Freleases&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrbit" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wolfe-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wolfe_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wolfe_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWolfe2017" class="citation book cs1">Wolfe, Alexandra (2017). <i>Valley of the Gods: A Silicon Valley Story</i>. 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Now he wants to sell you web services"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=GitHub&amp;rft.atitle=Urbit+namespace&amp;rft.date=2010-01-12&amp;rft.aulast=Yarvin&amp;rft.aufirst=Curtis&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fcgyarvin%2Furbit%2Fblob%2F6ac688960687aa9c89d4da6fff49a3125c10aca1%2FSpec%2Furbit%2F3-intro.txt&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrbit" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urbit.org/blog/a-founders-farewell/">"A Founder's Farewell"</a>. <i>Urbit.org</i>. January 14, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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