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The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polyphenolic extracts from" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/50831604/41119055/33437396/s200_carmine.negro.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/54325098/Antimicrobial_and_Antibiofilm_Activity_against_Staphylococcus_aureus_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_L_Mill_Cladode_Polyphenolic_Extracts" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladode Polyphenolic Extracts" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Plant extracts are a rich source of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties, which are able to prevent, at some extent, the growth of foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polyphenolic extracts from" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/NegroCarmine" /> <meta name="description" content="Plant extracts are a rich source of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties, which are able to prevent, at some extent, the growth of foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polyphenolic extracts from" /> <title>(PDF) Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladode Polyphenolic Extracts</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/54325098/Antimicrobial_and_Antibiofilm_Activity_against_Staphylococcus_aureus_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_L_Mill_Cladode_Polyphenolic_Extracts" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '29cbb9485f79f49ca3eb38b6f0905739256f19a4'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740342213000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740342213000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Plant extracts are a rich source of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties, which are able to prevent, at some extent, the growth of foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polyphenolic extracts from cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. to inhibit the growth of some enterobacteria and the biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes at two stages of development were analysed for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (in vitro assays) and by cellular antioxidant activity in red blood cells (CAA-RBC) (ex vivo assay). The Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS–TOF) analysis of the polyphenolic extracts revealed high levels of piscidic acid, eucomic acid, isorhamnetin derivatives and rutin, particularly in the immature cladode extracts. Opuntia cladodes extracts showed a remarka...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Carmine Negro","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NegroCarmine"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2021-09-30","dateModified":"2021-09-30","headline":"Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F54325098%2FAntimicrobial_and_Antibiofilm_Activity_against_Staphylococcus_aureus_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_L_Mill_Cladode_Polyphenolic_Extracts%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":70743799,"identifier":"Attachment_70743799","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":54325098,"created_at":"2021-09-30T07:12:21.497-07:00","from_world_paper_id":175043532,"updated_at":"2021-11-19T22:08:55.523-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"Plant extracts are a rich source of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties, which are able to prevent, at some extent, the growth of foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polyphenolic extracts from cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. to inhibit the growth of some enterobacteria and the biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes at two stages of development were analysed for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (in vitro assays) and by cellular antioxidant activity in red blood cells (CAA-RBC) (ex vivo assay). The Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS–TOF) analysis of the polyphenolic extracts revealed high levels of piscidic acid, eucomic acid, isorhamnetin derivatives and rutin, particularly in the immature cladode extracts. Opuntia cladodes extracts showed a remarka...","publisher":"MDPI AG","publication_name":"Antioxidants"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladode Polyphenolic Extracts","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [50831604]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":70743799,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladode Polyphenolic Extracts”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/70743799/mini_magick20210930-19093-cg05sr.png?1633022670" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladode Polyphenolic Extracts</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50831604" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NegroCarmine"><img alt="Profile image of Carmine Negro" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/50831604/41119055/33437396/s65_carmine.negro.jpg" />Carmine Negro</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">Antioxidants</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">13 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 54325098; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=54325098"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Plant extracts are a rich source of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties, which are able to prevent, at some extent, the growth of foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polyphenolic extracts from cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. to inhibit the growth of some enterobacteria and the biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes at two stages of development were analysed for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (in vitro assays) and by cellular antioxidant activity in red blood cells (CAA-RBC) (ex vivo assay). The Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS–TOF) analysis of the polyphenolic extracts revealed high levels of piscidic acid, eucomic acid, isorhamnetin derivatives and rutin, particularly in the immature cladode extracts. 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This study investigated subtropical spineless cladode MA extracts in comparison with their extractable fractions; as well as the effect of freeze and oven drying methods on extract yields and bioactivities. Cladode extractable phenol (EP) and MA fractions antioxidant capacities, antimicrobial potential against multi-drug resistant bacterial cultures, and phenolic content were evaluated. LC/MS was used to analyse/profile extract components. Freezedried samples from all the extracts showed better antioxidant and antimicrobial activities than the oven-dried samples. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities were generally higher in hydrolysed (MA) than in unhydrolysed (extractable) fractions. DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA) EC 50 values correlated with phenol contents (R 2 = 0.9609). LC/MS extract profiles showed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoid derivatives and other unidentified compounds. Isovitexin 7-O-xyloside-2″-O-glucoside, polyhydroxypregnane glycoside and neohancoside C were identified for the first time in Opuntia cladode extracts. This study showed that cladode EP and MA extracts have potential as rich antioxidant sources and can be key to the discovery of new antimicrobials.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Extractable and macromolecular antioxidants of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes: Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and antibacterial activities","attachmentId":94557778,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/91204202/Extractable_and_macromolecular_antioxidants_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_cladodes_Phytochemical_profiling_antioxidant_and_antibacterial_activities","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91204202/Extractable_and_macromolecular_antioxidants_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_cladodes_Phytochemical_profiling_antioxidant_and_antibacterial_activities"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="68203922" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68203922/Phytochemical_composition_and_antibacterial_activity_of_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_cladodes_extracts">Phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica cladodes extracts</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30553151" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AragawZemene">Aragaw Zemene</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Nowadays, plants with strong antimicrobial agents are becoming important alternatives to treat several infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Opuntia ficus indica cladodes extracts against some selected bacterial isolates. Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals in the extracts was done using methanol, ethanol and chloroform solvents. Antibacterial activity of the extracts against bacteria isolates Escherichia coli (ATCC2592), Staphylococcus pneumonia (ATCC63), Salmonella typhi (B2836) and Bacillus subtilis (S456) were evaluated using agar well diffusion method. The extracts showed the presence of phenolic substances, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, alkaloids and amino acids. The highest inhibition zone recorded was by methanol extract against S. pneumonia (ATCC63) (10.29±0.96) followed by chloroform extract against B.subtilis (10.23±0.66). This finding indicated that Opun...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica cladodes extracts","attachmentId":78764684,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68203922/Phytochemical_composition_and_antibacterial_activity_of_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_cladodes_extracts","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68203922/Phytochemical_composition_and_antibacterial_activity_of_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_cladodes_extracts"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="38289612" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38289612/Antimicrobial_Activity_of_Opuntia_cochenillifera_L_Mill_Fruit_and_Cladode_Extracts">Antimicrobial Activity of Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill Fruit and Cladode Extracts</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="101276195" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MohamedNadjibBoukhatem">Mohamed Nadjib Boukhatem</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In the present study the antimicrobial activity of chloroform and methanolic extracts of Opuntia cochenillifera for both cladode and fruits was investigated. Methanolic extract was found to be an effective against the microbes namely, E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Candida albican C.glabrata C.haemulonii C.Tropicalis. Maximum activity was observed against E. coli, B. Subtilis and, C.albican and C.glabrata at 40mg/ml. Agar well diffusion assay was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration of all test microorganisms.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill Fruit and Cladode Extracts","attachmentId":58336178,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38289612/Antimicrobial_Activity_of_Opuntia_cochenillifera_L_Mill_Fruit_and_Cladode_Extracts","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38289612/Antimicrobial_Activity_of_Opuntia_cochenillifera_L_Mill_Fruit_and_Cladode_Extracts"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="68203923" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68203923/Antibacterial_Activity_of_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_Skin_Fruit_Extracts">Antibacterial Activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica Skin Fruit Extracts</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="30553151" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AragawZemene">Aragaw Zemene</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious health problems in the twenty first century. To overcome such problems, plants with novel antimicrobial action play an important role for treatment and prevention of various microbial diseases. Fresh skin fruits of Opuntia ficus indica were collected; processed and bioactive constituents were extracted using ethanol, methanol and chloroform solvents (1:4 w/v). Antibacterial potential of the extracts against Escherichia coli (ATCC2592), Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC63), Salmonella typhi (B2836) and Bacillus subtilis (S456) were evaluated using agar well diffusion method. The skin fruit extracts of Opuntia ficus indica demonstrated significant (P&lt;0.01) antibacterial activity against the four bacterial isolates with growth inhibition (9.40 mm 23.52 mm). Their inhibitory activity against S. typhi (S456), B. subtilis and S. pneumoniae (ATCC63) were significantly (P=0.00-0.1) greater than the tetracycline (10μg/disc) and vancomycin (...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Antibacterial Activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica Skin Fruit Extracts","attachmentId":78764686,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/68203923/Antibacterial_Activity_of_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_Skin_Fruit_Extracts","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/68203923/Antibacterial_Activity_of_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_Skin_Fruit_Extracts"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="4884642" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4884642/Antioxidant_Activity_of_Phenolic_Compounds_of_the_Cladodes_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_Mill_from_Northwest_Algeria">Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds of the Cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. from Northwest Algeria</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3775225" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TJPRCPublication">TJPRC Publication</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">TJPRC, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The young stems of Opuntia ficus-indica.L, known as cladodes are widely consumed in the world, and appreciated for their high content of fibre and beneficial effects in the metabolism of glucose. The antioxidant activity of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins extracts of Oputia ficus-indica grown in Algeria were investigated by using invitro antioxidant models including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay, reducing power and total antioxidant capacity. The quantitative estimation showed that cladodes were rich in polyphenols which the predominant part is represented by flavonoids (11.86mgCE /gDW) followed by the tannins (6.45mg/g). Our results demonstrate clearly that all extracts have antioxidant capacity. Among these extracts, the ethyl acetate fraction of flavonoids exhibited strong scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) with IC50 values ranged from(0,6 to 5,3mg/ml), and reducing power than the diethyl ether fraction and n-butanol fraction of flavonoids. Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes extracts contain high amounts of polyphenols with strong antiradical, antioxidant capacity and reducing properties which might constitute an important source of natural antioxidants.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds of the Cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. from Northwest Algeria","attachmentId":32155837,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4884642/Antioxidant_Activity_of_Phenolic_Compounds_of_the_Cladodes_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_Mill_from_Northwest_Algeria","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4884642/Antioxidant_Activity_of_Phenolic_Compounds_of_the_Cladodes_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_Mill_from_Northwest_Algeria"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="92077455" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/92077455/Lipophilic_Compounds_and_Antibacterial_Activity_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_Root_Extracts_from_Algeria">Lipophilic Compounds and Antibacterial Activity of Opuntia ficus-indica Root Extracts from Algeria</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="109054099" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NawalMakhloufi">Nawal Makhloufi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Molecular Sciences</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The chemical composition, investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and antibacterial activity of lipophilic extractives of three varieties of Opuntia ficus-indica roots from Algeria are reported in this paper for the first time. The results obtained revealed a total of 55 compounds, including fatty acids, sterols, monoglycerides and long chain aliphatic alcohols that were identified and quantified. β-Sitosterol was found as the major compound of the roots of the three varieties. Furthermore, considerable amounts of essential fatty acids (ω3, ω6, and ω9) such as oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids were also identified. The green variety was the richest among the three studied varieties. The antibacterial activity, evaluated with disc diffusion method, revealed that lipophilic extracts were effective mainly against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (19~23 mm). Gram-negative strains mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa gav...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Lipophilic Compounds and Antibacterial Activity of Opuntia ficus-indica Root Extracts from Algeria","attachmentId":95184166,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92077455/Lipophilic_Compounds_and_Antibacterial_Activity_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_Root_Extracts_from_Algeria","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/92077455/Lipophilic_Compounds_and_Antibacterial_Activity_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_Root_Extracts_from_Algeria"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="64915163" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64915163/Comparative_anti_microbial_study_of_different_parts_of_Opuntia_littoralis_against_specific_human_pathogens">Comparative anti-microbial study of different parts of Opuntia littoralis against specific human pathogens</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="114277011" href="https://aust-pk.academia.edu/AzamHayat">Azam Hayat</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">An emergency need was felt to discover and search for new antibiotics, because of emergence of multi drug resistant strains of bacteria and appearance of species with reduced susceptibility to already existing antibiotics. The presence of microorganisms has been exposed by human beings since immemorial time of human history and the thought about medicinal herbs and shrubs that they have the ability of healing potential has been proved in many research works even today. By using water, ethyl alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate, four types of extracts were prepared from Opuntia littoralis extract. All the extracts were tested against ten human pathogens. Agar disc diffusion method was applied for antibacterial activity. It was observed that extracts of fruits showed high activity than the extracts of leaves. The highest activity was observed for Ervinia carotovora (20-28 mm), A. tumefaciens (16-23 mm) for fruit sample in acetone extract followed by A. tumefaciens (20-25 mm in each conc...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Comparative anti-microbial study of different parts of Opuntia littoralis against specific human pathogens","attachmentId":76728423,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64915163/Comparative_anti_microbial_study_of_different_parts_of_Opuntia_littoralis_against_specific_human_pathogens","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64915163/Comparative_anti_microbial_study_of_different_parts_of_Opuntia_littoralis_against_specific_human_pathogens"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="126991201" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126991201/In_Vitro_Antioxidant_and_Antibacterial_Properties_of_The_Leaf_Extracts_of_Cactus_Plant_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_">In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of The Leaf Extracts of Cactus Plant (Opuntia Ficus Indica)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="321028551" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MuazuAlkaliAdamu">Mu'azu Alkali Adamu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International journal of research and innovation in applied science, 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Opuntia ficus-indica has been reported to be used in folk medicine due to its diverse pharmacological effects. Maceration method was employed in the determination of antioxidant activity and antibacterial effects of the plant leaf using Three (3) different solvents (methanol, ethanol and aqueous). The following isolates; S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumonia, E. coli and S. typhi were tested using agar well diffusion method. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of the plant extract was carried out through the determination of total antioxidant capacity assay and reducing power assay. Hence, the leaf extracts showed various levels of activity on the different test organisms; The methanolic leaf extract showed highest antibacterial activity against all tested organisms followed by ethanolic extract and finally aqueuos extract with least antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial isolates as showed in S. pneumoniae methanol extracts (17.5±0.66mm), ethanol extract recorded 15.2±0.76mm in S. aureus, and aqueuos extract showed 10.7±0.76mm in both E. coli and S. typhi. On the other hand, the minimum inhibitory concentration in methanolic extract indicated least value in K. pneumoniae with 6.2±0.03 mg\mL, followed by ethanolic extract with 12.4±0.32mg\ml in S. typhi, and aqueuos extract with 29.5±0.12mg\mL in E. Coli. The ability of the methanolic extract to reduce Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ and Cu 2+ to Cu + in reducing power assay and total antioxidant capacity respectively using ascorbic acid as a standard reveal it's antioxidant property. The present study suggests that the methanolic leaf extract of Opuntia ficus-indica may contain compounds that can form the basis for the development of a chemopreventive agent against free radical damage and development of novel antibacterial chemotherapeutic agent.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"In Vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of The Leaf Extracts of Cactus Plant (Opuntia Ficus Indica)","attachmentId":120789201,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/126991201/In_Vitro_Antioxidant_and_Antibacterial_Properties_of_The_Leaf_Extracts_of_Cactus_Plant_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/126991201/In_Vitro_Antioxidant_and_Antibacterial_Properties_of_The_Leaf_Extracts_of_Cactus_Plant_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="111979035" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/111979035/Antioxidant_and_antibacterial_activities_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_seed_oil_fractions_and_their_bioactive_compounds_identification">Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Opuntia ficus indica seed oil fractions and their bioactive compounds identification</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="250647351" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VIMALABAI1">VIMALA BAI</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Aim:The twoMethods:Based on the inhibition concentration at 50 percent (ICResults:Results showed that antioxidant and antibacterial activities considerably varied depending on the fraction. In fact, unsaponifiable fraction has higher biological activities than the glyceridic ones. The unsaponifiable fraction has stronger effects of scavenging 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and it is more efficient against bleaching of β-carotene than the saponifiable extract, unlike the experimental results of 2,2′-azino-bis3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging test. Furthermore, the unsaponifiable fraction was more efficient against all pathogenic strains speciallyConclusion:Informations provided through this work are important for the valorization and use of this cactus vegetable oil in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Opuntia ficus indica seed oil fractions and their bioactive compounds identification","attachmentId":109353307,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/111979035/Antioxidant_and_antibacterial_activities_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_seed_oil_fractions_and_their_bioactive_compounds_identification","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/111979035/Antioxidant_and_antibacterial_activities_of_Opuntia_ficus_indica_seed_oil_fractions_and_their_bioactive_compounds_identification"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="27142331" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27142331/Biological_Activities_of_Opuntia_Monacantha_Cladodes">Biological Activities of Opuntia Monacantha Cladodes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="51141034" href="https://uaf-pk.academia.edu/MuhammadZubair">Muhammad Zubair</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Present study was conducted to investigate the biological activities of the plant O. monacantha cladodes. The plant cladodes were extracted with methanol and then fractionized with various organic solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol). The extract and fractions thus obtained were analyzed for their phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial analysis. The percentage yield of methanolic extract and various fractions was found to be 2.7-28.9%. Phytochemical analysis exposed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins and flavonoids in methanolic extract. The plant extract and fractions contained total phenolic contents (14.5-249 GAE, mg/100 g of dry plant matter) and total flavonoid contents (10-433.8 CE, mg/100 g of dry plant matter). DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined by measuring IC 50 that was found to be 41.4-838.8 µg/mL. Nevertheless, minute variation was observed in reducing power. Methanol extract exhibited highest antioxidant activity among various solvent fractions. The antimicrobial activity was determined by disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration against a panel of microorganisms. Significant variations (p<0.05) were observed in the results.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Biological Activities of Opuntia Monacantha Cladodes","attachmentId":47391960,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27142331/Biological_Activities_of_Opuntia_Monacantha_Cladodes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/27142331/Biological_Activities_of_Opuntia_Monacantha_Cladodes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":70743799,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":70743799,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_70743799" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="95420280" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95420280/The_Effect_of_Chemical_Composition_of_Wild_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_Byproducts_on_its_Nutritional_Quality_Antioxidant_and_Antifungal_Efficacy">The Effect of Chemical Composition of Wild Opuntia Ficus Indica Byproducts on its Nutritional Quality, Antioxidant and Antifungal Efficacy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="131134270" href="https://guc.academia.edu/AhmedBadr">Ahmed Badr</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Effect of Chemical Composition of Wild Opuntia Ficus Indica Byproducts on its Nutritional Quality, Antioxidant and Antifungal Efficacy","attachmentId":97608295,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95420280/The_Effect_of_Chemical_Composition_of_Wild_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_Byproducts_on_its_Nutritional_Quality_Antioxidant_and_Antifungal_Efficacy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/95420280/The_Effect_of_Chemical_Composition_of_Wild_Opuntia_Ficus_Indica_Byproducts_on_its_Nutritional_Quality_Antioxidant_and_Antifungal_Efficacy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="126262464" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126262464/Nutritional_and_medicinal_properties_of_fruits_and_cladodes_Opuntia_ficus_indica_L_Mill">Nutritional and medicinal properties of fruits and cladodes Opuntia ficus -indica (L.) Mill</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="111328583" href="https://polytechnique-fr.academia.edu/DomenicoPrisa">Domenico Prisa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Multidisciplinary reviews, 2024</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nutritional and medicinal properties of fruits and cladodes Opuntia ficus -indica (L.) 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