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class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam</p></div></div></ul></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12838024">View All (8)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12838024" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers","location":"/mwijers","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/mwijers","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" 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data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Social Anthropology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-e44c3279-0d08-42fe-b880-9ea6e20d434f"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-e44c3279-0d08-42fe-b880-9ea6e20d434f"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="nav-container backbone-profile-documents-nav hidden-xs"><ul class="nav-tablist" role="tablist"><li class="nav-chip active" role="presentation"><a data-section-name="" data-toggle="tab" href="#all" role="tab">all</a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Videos" data-toggle="tab" href="#videos" role="tab" title="Videos"><span>1</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Videos</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Papers" data-toggle="tab" href="#papers" role="tab" title="Papers"><span>25</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Papers</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Books" data-toggle="tab" href="#books" role="tab" title="Books"><span>2</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Books</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="divider ds-divider-16" style="margin: 0px;"></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Videos" id="Videos"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Videos by marjan wijers</h3></div><style type="text/css">/*thumbnail*/ .video-thumbnail-container { position: relative; height: 88px !important; box-sizing: content-box; } .thumbnail-image { height: 100%; width: 100%; object-fit: cover; } .play-icon { position: absolute; width: 40px; height: 40px; top: calc(50% - 20px); left: calc(50% - 20px); } .video-duration { position: absolute; bottom: 2px; right: 2px; color: #ffffff; background-color: #000000; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 12px; padding: 2px; }</style><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-video-id="19088"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/video/kGMKB1"><div class="work-thumbnail video-thumbnail-container"><img class="thumbnail-image" onerror="this.src='//a.academia-assets.com/images/videoicon.svg'" 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/><img alt="Play" class="play-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/video-play-icon.svg" /><div class="video-duration">03:17</div></div></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" href="https://www.academia.edu/video/kGMKB1">Introduction of 'the RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies'.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The video introduces 'the RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficki...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The video introduces 'the RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies'. The toolkit provides users with a step-by-step method to investigate the impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies on the human rights of the groups affected by these policies, including trafficked persons, sex workers and migrant workers. The outcomes can be used to hold states accountable for their human rigths commitments and to advocate for evidence-based policies that respect the human rights of all groups affected.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-video-id="kGMKB1"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" href="https://independent.academia.edu/video/edit/kGMKB1" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-video-id="kGMKB1">1 views</span></span></span></div></div></div><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by marjan wijers</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124882619"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124882619/De_invloed_van_Europa_een_gunstiger_behandeling_voor_Europese_transnationale_gezinnen"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of De invloed van Europa: een gunstiger behandeling voor Europese transnationale gezinnen" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119025895/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124882619/De_invloed_van_Europa_een_gunstiger_behandeling_voor_Europese_transnationale_gezinnen">De invloed van Europa: een gunstiger behandeling voor Europese transnationale gezinnen</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gebaseerd op de oorspronkelijke tekstvan Veerle van den Eeckhout Uit het vorige hoofdstuk bleek d...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gebaseerd op de oorspronkelijke tekstvan Veerle van den Eeckhout Uit het vorige hoofdstuk bleek dat bepaalde mensenrechten voor transnationale gezinnen minder beschermd worden dan voor nationale gezinnen. In dit hoofdstuk wordt onderzocht in hoeverre het uitmaakt of de buitenlandse leden van een transnationaal gezin afkomstig zijn uit een ander EU land (en dus onder het EU recht vallen) of uit een derde land, dat wil zeggen een niet-Ell land. Dan blijkt dat de druk op EUstaten om de vrijheid van verkeer te bevorderen juist gunstig uitwerkt voor de rechtspositie van de eerste groep gezinnen. De kloof tussen nationale gezinnen en transnationale 'EU gezinnen' blijkt aanmerkelijk kleiner dan die tussen nationale gezinnen en transnationale 'niet-EU gezinnen'.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="be158474026f56db42c5bf7ee2041d26" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":119025895,"asset_id":124882619,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/119025895/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124882619"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124882619"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124882619; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124882575"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/124882575/The_Netherlands"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Netherlands" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/124882575/The_Netherlands">The Netherlands</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="124882575"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="124882575"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 124882575; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="62967945"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967945/Implementation_of_Directive_2011_36_EU_from_a_gender_perspective_in_Germany_Lithuania_Romania_Sweden_the_Netherlands_and_the_UK"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Directive 2011/36/EU from a gender perspective in Germany, Lithuania, Romania, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967945/Implementation_of_Directive_2011_36_EU_from_a_gender_perspective_in_Germany_Lithuania_Romania_Sweden_the_Netherlands_and_the_UK">Implementation of Directive 2011/36/EU from a gender perspective in Germany, Lithuania, Romania, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="62967945"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62967945"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62967945; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="62967943"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967943/Only_rights_can_stop_wrongs_A_critical_assessment_of_anti_trafficking_strategies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Only rights can stop wrongs: A critical assessment of anti-trafficking strategies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75557413/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967943/Only_rights_can_stop_wrongs_A_critical_assessment_of_anti_trafficking_strategies">Only rights can stop wrongs: A critical assessment of anti-trafficking strategies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper critically examines the current strategies employed by both governmental and nongovern...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper critically examines the current strategies employed by both governmental and nongovernmental agencies (NGOs) to address the issue, focussing on their impact on the women affected. In this context attention is also paid to the measures taken by the European Union, in particular the recent European Commission Proposal for a Council Directive on a short term residence permit for trafficking victims. Central perspective throughout the paper is that of the women concerned.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ef07d199b2cf0c4cebf8c4fcd48d1390" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":75557413,"asset_id":62967943,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75557413/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="62967943"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62967943"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62967943; 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Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een ge...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch, door fotokopieën, opnamen of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. Voorzover het maken van kopieën uit deze uitgave is toegestaan op grond van artikel 16b Auteurswet 1912 jº het Besluit van 20 juni 1974, Stb. 351, zoals gewijzigd bij het Besluit van 23 augustus 1985, Stb. 471 en artikel 17 Auteurswet 1912, dient men de daarvoor wettelijk verschuldigde vergoedingen te voldoen aan de Stichting Reprorecht (Postbus 3051, 2130 KB Hoofddorp). Voor het overnemen van gedeelte(n) uit deze uitgave in bloemlezingen, readers en andere compilatiewerken (artikel 16 Auteurswet 1912) dient men zich tot de uitgever te wenden. De uitgeverij heeft ernaar gestreefd alle copyrights van in deze uitgave opgenomen illustraties te achterhalen. 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59460143]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59460143,"title":"Fifteen years lifting of the ban on brothels","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59460143/Fifteen_years_lifting_of_the_ban_on_brothels","owner_id":12838024,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":12838024,"first_name":"marjan","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"wijers","page_name":"mwijers","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-06-11T02:02:48.100-07:00","display_name":"marjan wijers","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59444889"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/59444889/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73363721/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/59444889/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law">Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SocialSciencesJournalOffice">Social Sciences Journal Office</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers">marjan wijers</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human traffick...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human trafficking seriously. The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) provides General Recommendations (GR) to member states on the interpretation of the Women's Convention. In 2018 the CEDAW Committee started to develop a GR on trafficking in women and girls in a process planned to conclude in 2020. The first stage towards this was through the publication of a Concept Note to serve as a basis for dialogue during the two-year international consultation period. The Concept Note is a vital link in a textual chain because it frames the policy problem and actively constructs its own 'documentary reality'. This article provides a critical analysis of the CEDAW Concept Note on the grounds that such analysis provides an understanding of its discursive construction of trafficking, migrant labour and sex work, by an institution responsible for international jurisprudence on human rights. Analysis of the Concept Note explores the documentary constructions including narratives that merge adult women with girls, the symbolism of exploitation, the silencing of scientific research, the elision of sex worker voices, and sex work as work. The analysis leads us to conclude that the General Recommendation should define what counts as 'exploitation', and 'forced labour', and address the growing international recognition of best evidence on the wider impact of sex work laws, in order that legal framing and constructions of sex trafficking are not erroneously used to curtail rights of sex workers.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26af4f998a23a4a5da81ab7e48c5f2a3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73363721,"asset_id":59444889,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73363721/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59444889"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59444889"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59444889; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="46453429"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453429/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453429/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law">Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Sciences</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human traffick...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human trafficking seriously. The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) provides General Recommendations (GR) to member states on the interpretation of the Women’s Convention. In 2018 the CEDAW Committee started to develop a GR on trafficking in women and girls in a process planned to conclude in 2020. The first stage towards this was through the publication of a Concept Note to serve as a basis for dialogue during the two-year international consultation period. The Concept Note is a vital link in a textual chain because it frames the policy problem and actively constructs its own ‘documentary reality’. This article provides a critical analysis of the CEDAW Concept Note on the grounds that such analysis provides an understanding of its discursive construction of trafficking, migrant labour and sex work, by an institution responsible for international jurisp...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="46453429"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46453429"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453429; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="46453422"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453422/Opinie_Aan_rechten_is_niets_liberaals_Over_vrouwenhandelslachtoffers_en_ge%C3%ABmancipeerde_sekswerkers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Opinie. Aan rechten is niets liberaals. Over vrouwenhandelslachtoffers en geëmancipeerde sekswerkers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453422/Opinie_Aan_rechten_is_niets_liberaals_Over_vrouwenhandelslachtoffers_en_ge%C3%ABmancipeerde_sekswerkers">Opinie. Aan rechten is niets liberaals. Over vrouwenhandelslachtoffers en geëmancipeerde sekswerkers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Tijdschrift Voor Genderstudies</span><span>, Mar 20, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="46453422"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46453422"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453422; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46453422]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46453422]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453422; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='46453422']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=46453422]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":46453422,"title":"Opinie. 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A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies'.</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The video introduces 'the RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficki...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The video introduces 'the RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies'. The toolkit provides users with a step-by-step method to investigate the impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies on the human rights of the groups affected by these policies, including trafficked persons, sex workers and migrant workers. The outcomes can be used to hold states accountable for their human rigths commitments and to advocate for evidence-based policies that respect the human rights of all groups affected.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-video-id="kGMKB1"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" href="https://independent.academia.edu/video/edit/kGMKB1" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-video-id="kGMKB1">1 views</span></span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4865224" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="124882619"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/124882619/De_invloed_van_Europa_een_gunstiger_behandeling_voor_Europese_transnationale_gezinnen"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of De invloed van Europa: een gunstiger behandeling voor Europese transnationale gezinnen" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/119025895/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/124882619/De_invloed_van_Europa_een_gunstiger_behandeling_voor_Europese_transnationale_gezinnen">De invloed van Europa: een gunstiger behandeling voor Europese transnationale gezinnen</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gebaseerd op de oorspronkelijke tekstvan Veerle van den Eeckhout Uit het vorige hoofdstuk bleek d...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gebaseerd op de oorspronkelijke tekstvan Veerle van den Eeckhout Uit het vorige hoofdstuk bleek dat bepaalde mensenrechten voor transnationale gezinnen minder beschermd worden dan voor nationale gezinnen. In dit hoofdstuk wordt onderzocht in hoeverre het uitmaakt of de buitenlandse leden van een transnationaal gezin afkomstig zijn uit een ander EU land (en dus onder het EU recht vallen) of uit een derde land, dat wil zeggen een niet-Ell land. Dan blijkt dat de druk op EUstaten om de vrijheid van verkeer te bevorderen juist gunstig uitwerkt voor de rechtspositie van de eerste groep gezinnen. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="62967945"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967945/Implementation_of_Directive_2011_36_EU_from_a_gender_perspective_in_Germany_Lithuania_Romania_Sweden_the_Netherlands_and_the_UK"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of Directive 2011/36/EU from a gender perspective in Germany, Lithuania, Romania, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967945/Implementation_of_Directive_2011_36_EU_from_a_gender_perspective_in_Germany_Lithuania_Romania_Sweden_the_Netherlands_and_the_UK">Implementation of Directive 2011/36/EU from a gender perspective in Germany, Lithuania, Romania, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="62967945"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62967945"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62967945; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="62967943"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967943/Only_rights_can_stop_wrongs_A_critical_assessment_of_anti_trafficking_strategies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Only rights can stop wrongs: A critical assessment of anti-trafficking strategies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/75557413/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/62967943/Only_rights_can_stop_wrongs_A_critical_assessment_of_anti_trafficking_strategies">Only rights can stop wrongs: A critical assessment of anti-trafficking strategies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper critically examines the current strategies employed by both governmental and nongovern...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper critically examines the current strategies employed by both governmental and nongovernmental agencies (NGOs) to address the issue, focussing on their impact on the women affected. In this context attention is also paid to the measures taken by the European Union, in particular the recent European Commission Proposal for a Council Directive on a short term residence permit for trafficking victims. Central perspective throughout the paper is that of the women concerned.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ef07d199b2cf0c4cebf8c4fcd48d1390" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":75557413,"asset_id":62967943,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75557413/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="62967943"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62967943"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62967943; 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Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een ge...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch, door fotokopieën, opnamen of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de uitgever. Voorzover het maken van kopieën uit deze uitgave is toegestaan op grond van artikel 16b Auteurswet 1912 jº het Besluit van 20 juni 1974, Stb. 351, zoals gewijzigd bij het Besluit van 23 augustus 1985, Stb. 471 en artikel 17 Auteurswet 1912, dient men de daarvoor wettelijk verschuldigde vergoedingen te voldoen aan de Stichting Reprorecht (Postbus 3051, 2130 KB Hoofddorp). Voor het overnemen van gedeelte(n) uit deze uitgave in bloemlezingen, readers en andere compilatiewerken (artikel 16 Auteurswet 1912) dient men zich tot de uitgever te wenden. De uitgeverij heeft ernaar gestreefd alle copyrights van in deze uitgave opgenomen illustraties te achterhalen. 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59460143]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59460143,"title":"Fifteen years lifting of the ban on brothels","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59460143/Fifteen_years_lifting_of_the_ban_on_brothels","owner_id":12838024,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":12838024,"first_name":"marjan","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"wijers","page_name":"mwijers","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-06-11T02:02:48.100-07:00","display_name":"marjan wijers","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59444889"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/59444889/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73363721/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/59444889/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law">Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SocialSciencesJournalOffice">Social Sciences Journal Office</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers">marjan wijers</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human traffick...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human trafficking seriously. The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) provides General Recommendations (GR) to member states on the interpretation of the Women's Convention. In 2018 the CEDAW Committee started to develop a GR on trafficking in women and girls in a process planned to conclude in 2020. The first stage towards this was through the publication of a Concept Note to serve as a basis for dialogue during the two-year international consultation period. The Concept Note is a vital link in a textual chain because it frames the policy problem and actively constructs its own 'documentary reality'. This article provides a critical analysis of the CEDAW Concept Note on the grounds that such analysis provides an understanding of its discursive construction of trafficking, migrant labour and sex work, by an institution responsible for international jurisprudence on human rights. Analysis of the Concept Note explores the documentary constructions including narratives that merge adult women with girls, the symbolism of exploitation, the silencing of scientific research, the elision of sex worker voices, and sex work as work. The analysis leads us to conclude that the General Recommendation should define what counts as 'exploitation', and 'forced labour', and address the growing international recognition of best evidence on the wider impact of sex work laws, in order that legal framing and constructions of sex trafficking are not erroneously used to curtail rights of sex workers.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="26af4f998a23a4a5da81ab7e48c5f2a3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73363721,"asset_id":59444889,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73363721/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59444889"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59444889"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59444889; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="46453429"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453429/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453429/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law">Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Sciences</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human traffick...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human trafficking seriously. The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) provides General Recommendations (GR) to member states on the interpretation of the Women’s Convention. In 2018 the CEDAW Committee started to develop a GR on trafficking in women and girls in a process planned to conclude in 2020. The first stage towards this was through the publication of a Concept Note to serve as a basis for dialogue during the two-year international consultation period. The Concept Note is a vital link in a textual chain because it frames the policy problem and actively constructs its own ‘documentary reality’. This article provides a critical analysis of the CEDAW Concept Note on the grounds that such analysis provides an understanding of its discursive construction of trafficking, migrant labour and sex work, by an institution responsible for international jurisp...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="46453429"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46453429"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453429; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="46453422"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453422/Opinie_Aan_rechten_is_niets_liberaals_Over_vrouwenhandelslachtoffers_en_ge%C3%ABmancipeerde_sekswerkers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Opinie. Aan rechten is niets liberaals. Over vrouwenhandelslachtoffers en geëmancipeerde sekswerkers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453422/Opinie_Aan_rechten_is_niets_liberaals_Over_vrouwenhandelslachtoffers_en_ge%C3%ABmancipeerde_sekswerkers">Opinie. Aan rechten is niets liberaals. Over vrouwenhandelslachtoffers en geëmancipeerde sekswerkers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Tijdschrift Voor Genderstudies</span><span>, Mar 20, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="46453422"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46453422"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453422; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46453422]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46453422]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453422; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='46453422']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=46453422]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":46453422,"title":"Opinie. Aan rechten is niets liberaals. Over vrouwenhandelslachtoffers en geëmancipeerde sekswerkers","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/46453422/Opinie_Aan_rechten_is_niets_liberaals_Over_vrouwenhandelslachtoffers_en_ge%C3%ABmancipeerde_sekswerkers","owner_id":12838024,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":12838024,"first_name":"marjan","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"wijers","page_name":"mwijers","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-06-11T02:02:48.100-07:00","display_name":"marjan wijers","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="46453330"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453330/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/46453330/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law">Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Social Sciences</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human traffick...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To fulfil obligations in international law State parties have to take the issue of human trafficking seriously. The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) provides General Recommendations (GR) to member states on the interpretation of the Women’s Convention. In 2018 the CEDAW Committee started to develop a GR on trafficking in women and girls in a process planned to conclude in 2020. The first stage towards this was through the publication of a Concept Note to serve as a basis for dialogue during the two-year international consultation period. The Concept Note is a vital link in a textual chain because it frames the policy problem and actively constructs its own ‘documentary reality’. This article provides a critical analysis of the CEDAW Concept Note on the grounds that such analysis provides an understanding of its discursive construction of trafficking, migrant labour and sex work, by an institution responsible for international jurisp...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="46453330"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46453330"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453330; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46453330]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46453330]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46453330; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='46453330']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=46453330]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":46453330,"title":"Justice and Civil Liberties on Sex Work in Contemporary International Human Rights Law","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/46453330/Justice_and_Civil_Liberties_on_Sex_Work_in_Contemporary_International_Human_Rights_Law","owner_id":12838024,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":12838024,"first_name":"marjan","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"wijers","page_name":"mwijers","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-06-11T02:02:48.100-07:00","display_name":"marjan wijers","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="12424546" id="books"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="56990784"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/56990784/The_RighT_guide_A_tool_to_assess_the_human_rights_impact_of_anti_trafficking_laws_and_policies_FACTSHEETS"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies. FACTSHEETS" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/72105965/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/56990784/The_RighT_guide_A_tool_to_assess_the_human_rights_impact_of_anti_trafficking_laws_and_policies_FACTSHEETS">The RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies. FACTSHEETS</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies. FACTSHEETS</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Factsheets belonging to 'The Right guide. A tool to assess he human rights impact of anti-traffic...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Factsheets belonging to 'The Right guide. A tool to assess he human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies'. The toolkit provides users with a step-by-step method to investigate the impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies on the human rights of the groups affected by these policies, including trafficked persons, sex workers and migrant workers. The factsheets provide additional information about what human rights are, the UN Trafficking Protocol, standards that states have to meet in regard to combating trafficking and protecting the rights of trafficked persons, and the various human rights that users will be dealing with when undertaking a Human Rights Impact Aassessment (HRIA). Also included is a factsheet on methods for collecting and analysing information.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="532c8d911561d0c1606081e78594f4d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":72105965,"asset_id":56990784,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72105965/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="56990784"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="56990784"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56990784; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56990784]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56990784]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56990784; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='56990784']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "532c8d911561d0c1606081e78594f4d0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=56990784]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":56990784,"title":"The RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies. FACTSHEETS","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56990784/The_RighT_guide_A_tool_to_assess_the_human_rights_impact_of_anti_trafficking_laws_and_policies_FACTSHEETS","owner_id":12838024,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":12838024,"first_name":"marjan","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"wijers","page_name":"mwijers","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-06-11T02:02:48.100-07:00","display_name":"marjan wijers","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/mwijers"},"attachments":[{"id":72105965,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/72105965/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_RighT_guide_Factsheets_ENG.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72105965/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_RighT_guide_A_tool_to_assess_the_hum.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/72105965/The_RighT_guide_Factsheets_ENG-libre.pdf?1633938157=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_RighT_guide_A_tool_to_assess_the_hum.pdf\u0026Expires=1740081535\u0026Signature=RZEEeXOmzjPVgj~b0duEyxPLGI-0CI-Yb~ArbN2TFU66HRBZhtC~Pc3GmRSpl-VcyA4cLSg6ujxj5stl3PX352NFSkjJhMyu7fSQ20igRQJ9cvvrtc8j2fY~CQNHqOuyqHBS5lfvmi8cBLFamSoLs~QLJRq0y7ywNGIoPoKoGRa6gVFxyw1AFyVfMAxbvrlC7nQY51WccZXZpdNT88zMlYFAfRLIvaSzu9RVrWVJH7jmRgviAoBuoHQTg-gpZlrR9~Q6i5wErCN0ccgjQ5VXkvkDSpyIebGHlBPFNDovfAvtAAG5UQiEmfyifLH0NsMmN6Ro7o8OhrFpD2IUPuFlAw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="56990783"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/56990783/The_RighT_guide_A_tool_to_assess_the_human_rights_impact_of_anti_trafficking_laws_and_policies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/72105923/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/56990783/The_RighT_guide_A_tool_to_assess_the_human_rights_impact_of_anti_trafficking_laws_and_policies">The RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The RighT guide. A tool to assess the human rights impact of anti-trafficking laws and policies </span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Most states take action against trafficking in persons. While intentions might be good, in many c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Most states take action against trafficking in persons. While intentions might be good, in many cases effects have been less positive. States prioritise prosecution and punishment of traffickers, while often failing to effectively safeguard the rights of persons who have been trafficked. Moreover, anti-trafficking efforts often even negatively impact the rights of trafficked persons and other groups that are affected by these efforts, such as sex workers and migrant workers. The RighT Guide provides affected groups with a tool to investigate the gap between the human rights commitments made by their state and the actual ability of groups and communities to enjoy these rights. The outcomes provide NGOs with evidence based information to advocate for policy reforms that respect human rights, and to hold states accountable for fulfilling their human rights commitments. They can use the outcomes to lobby their national government and/or international institutions and agencies, as an input for compiling shadow reports on the various human rights conventions, to inform a large group of stakeholders and to communicate their concerns more effectively to the competent authorities. At the same time, the process of conducting the assessment will increase their capacity to integrate a human rights framework in their work. The tool consists of a step-by-step process that allows determining the positive and negative human rights impacts of anti-trafficking interventions. In seven steps users define the problem, analyse the related policies, collect information about the effects on the human rights of the groups affected by these policies, link these effects with the human rights obligations of their State and draw up an action plan based on their findings. Each step consists of a set of questions to guide data collection and analysis.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fa3063e3c37e39f782db1e9cfaf7b522" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":72105923,"asset_id":56990783,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72105923/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="56990783"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="56990783"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56990783; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56990783]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=56990783]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 56990783; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='56990783']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fa3063e3c37e39f782db1e9cfaf7b522" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=56990783]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":56990783,"title":"The RighT guide. 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